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**A**: While ML-QCELS has proven effective for single-phase estimation, it is not suitable for multiple-phase estimation. **B**: In the subsequent hierarchy, the search is refined to a narrower region, yielding a new estimate**C**: This iterative process ultimately produces an accurate estimate of the dominant frequenc...
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**A**: The tree structure in each diagram is the embedding tree. Each dashed circle represents a partition of the tensor network, and each solid circle/rectangle represents a tensor**B**: Visualization of the density matrix algorithm**C**: Blue, purple, and orange vertices represent the input tensor network, intermedia...
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**A**: Patrizio Neff is grateful for the helpful discussions with Michael A. Slawinski (Memorial University of Newfoundland)**B**: 440935806.**C**: P. Neff acknowledges support in the framework of the DFG-Priority Programme 2256 “Variational Methods for Predicting Complex Phenomena in Engineering Structures and Materi...
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**A**: Inspired by Robin Rombach [29], we design a latent feature-based diffusion process capable of synthesizing multimodal liver tumors within latent space, significantly reducing computational complexity while maintaining synthesis quality**B**: Recently, diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in the syn...
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**A**: Specifically, we set ε=0.03𝜀0.03\varepsilon=0.03italic_ε = 0.03 in equation (21) for the volume mask and use opacity thresholds of 0.005 and 0.05. The pruning experiments are conducted on the Sear Steak sequence from the Plenoptic Video dataset.**B**: This comparison clearly demonstrates the trade-off between p...
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**A**: Empirical defenses aim to enhance the empirical robustness of models against known adversarial attacks, and this approach has been extensively explored in image classification (Madry et al., 2017; Wang et al., 2021) and text classification (Ye et al., 2020; Jia et al., 2019)**B**: Among these methods, adversaria...
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**A**: Our proposed reconstructed representation maintains the distinctiveness of cross-modal representations while also ensuring word and frame-level representations. **B**: As shown in Fig. 10, we find that single-modal representations tend to be widely dispersed and less distinguishable compared to cross-modal repre...
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**A**: The numerical simulations given in this paper are performed on Windows 7 with an Intel Core i7, 2.9Ghz, and 8GB RAM using MATLAB R2014a.**B**: In all numerical tests, we have used linear dG elements in space and backward Euler in time**C**: For the computation of the DMD modes, we used the MATLAB Toolbox Koopman...
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**A**: On the left, there is one block of the auxiliary digraph that contains edges that cross**B**: The dotted edges are the ones whose existence is made necessary by \exprefLemmalem:psg. On the right, a subgrid which results in the auxiliary block on the left.**C**: Figure 2: Edge crossings in an auxiliary grid
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**A**: Otherwise, it becomes difficult to define a time evolution law by slicing the spacetime into equal-time surfaces**B**: To encode information about physical processes in a cellular automaton (CA) and maintain Poincaré symmetry, the spacetime under consideration must be Minkowski**C**: Moreover, Poincaré symmetry ...
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**A**: The remaining part of the paper is organized as follows. In Section 2 we introduce the formal definition of ridges**B**: This is followed by our extraction algorithms, whose performance is illustrated using some numerical studies in ℝ2superscriptℝ2\mathbb{R}^{2}blackboard_R start_POSTSUPERSCRIPT 2 end_POSTSUPER...
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**A**: Under the assumption that ξ~~𝜉\widetilde{\xi}over~ start_ARG italic_ξ end_ARG is Gaussian distributed, one can account for this bias and correct the algorithms, which now fall into the framework by [65] (see next section)**B**: See [10, Sect**C**: 4] for a description of exact subsampling algorithms relying on ...
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**A**: If the two sizes are close to each other and not too large, then agreement on both opinions is possible. Otherwise, either no agreement is possible, or the process converges to an agreement towards a single opinion, which is that of the largest stubborn community. The case in which the two stubborn communities h...
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**A**: Often, experiments are small and long term links are complex**B**: Theorem 5.1 demonstrates that a small experiment can be compensated by a simple conditional distribution of short term rewards in the experiment**C**: Meanwhile, a complex link between the short term and the long term can be compensated by a larg...
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**A**: 5**B**: We then train DARL1N over the proposed coded distributed learning architecture and conduct experimental studies to evaluate its performance in mitigating the effect of computing stragglers.**C**: In this section, we first conduct numerical studies to evaluate the performance of different assignment sche...
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**A**: In this setting, we consider the policy proposed by Diakonikolas et al. (2021) and derive a lower bound on the best achievable performance which matches their upper bound up to logarithmic factors.**B**: Appendix E)**C**: We also study the ski-rental problem, a third central problem for which one needs to go be...
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**A**: Although RNA-FM has helped mitigate this dependency, challenges remain**B**: RhoFold+ and similar deep learning models, while accurate, are hindered by limited knowledge of RNA structural diversity, difficulties in predicting large and complex structures, and the reliance on MSAs. To mitigate these obstacles, in...
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**A**: As discussed in Section IV-A, MAZE employs four pairing strategies, namely fixed, best, worst, and random pairing, to pair an agent with a partner from the partner population**B**: Notably, it can be observed that MAZE achieves the best performance when employing random pairing, whereas fixed pairing yields the ...
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**A**: MD conducted the CM2Mc-LPJmL experiments. All authors interpreted and discussed the results. PH wrote the manuscript with input from all authors. **B**: PH performed the numerical analysis**C**: PH and NB conceived the research and designed the study with input from all authors
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**A**: The experiments are coded in Python programming language and use Google OR tools (Perron (2011)) to solve the TOP**B**: All the experiments are executed on a MacBook Pro (16GB RAM, 256 SSD, 2.5 GHz Dual-Core Intel Core i7).**C**: The Google OR-tools library is used because it provides mathematical programming a...
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**A**: Due to the great success of the Transformer architecture [9], the attention mechanism has also been adopted to model sequences and obtain competitive prediction results [10, 11]**B**: Classic travel behavior theories suggest that an individual’s travel decisions are determined by the need to participate in activ...
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**A**: From below, we have only a singly exponential bound (which follows easily by considering random colourings)**B**: It would be very interesting to close the gap. In particular, it would be good to know whether there is a simple exponential upper bound, or whether the numbers grow more quickly. **C**: In Theorem 1...
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**A**: Can the algorithm be used to find new AME states for cases where the existence is still open, e.g., for systems consisting of more then five six-dimensional systems, or to find new SLOCC inequivalent AME states? In particular, we have numerical evidence that there exists a second AME state (besides Rather et al*...
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**A**: In the lemma below, we assume that there is an existing (possibly partial) EFX allocation X𝑋Xitalic_X**B**: We show that if we improve the bundles of the leading agents such that the new bundle of each leading agent is a minimally envied subset with respect to their respective bundles in X𝑋Xitalic_X, then the ...
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**A**: It can be observed that these methods perform much worse than our SLEEG and are unable to effectively distinguish in-distribution objects from anomalous ones. And there even exists large background regions that are assigned with higher values than anomalous objects. By contrast, our SLEEG generates anomaly maps ...
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**A**: In the Gaussian test case, fig. 7, the error around the edges of the Gaussian feature is similar to the circle cases but with additional over and undershooting inside the feature. Despite this extra qualitative error, the quantitative error is an order of magnitude smaller than the circle test cases**B**: This u...
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**A**: Efficient algorithms are presented to compute the GTCUR approximation for both tensor pairs and tensor triplets. We are investigating the theoretical and numerical aspects of the presented GTCUR approaches for tensor pairs and tensor triplets in a practical setting. **B**: In this note, we showed how the tensor ...
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**A**: Fig. 7 shows that our noise synthesis method outperforms sRGB2Flow, C2N, and DANet in terms of lower AKLD values across all ISO levels and all sensors. This indicates our method’s capability to effectively capture significant noise distribution variations and learn a more realistic noise model.**B**: In order to...
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**A**: 12 bins are more accurate than 5, but 120 bins are even less accurate than 5 due to sparsity. With splines we achieve best accuracy. **B**: In each plot, a family of segmentized functions on the interval [0,40]040[0,40][ 0 , 40 ], plotted in blue, are approximated by the model, plotted in orange**C**: Figure 4:...
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**A**: Our theoretical analysis is followed by a rigorous empirical evaluation of all three ranking functions in terms of users’ and publishers’ welfare.222Code and results are available in https://github.com/ireinman/The-Search-for-Stability**B**: Our empirical analysis demonstrates how the instability of the PRP ran...
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**A**: (2022) design a diffusion-based trajectory generation model and train a value function to sample high-rewarded trajectories. A consequent work (Ajay et al., 2023) takes conditions as inputs to the DM, thus bringing more flexibility that generates behaviors that satisfy combinations of diverse conditions.**B**: T...
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**A**: Crucially, from the perspective of the CFFG the role of these nodes in the bigger model is irrelevant, expanding the range of applicability beyond observation and goal models**B**: The CFFG of Fig. 4 draws the observation and goal model as two facing nodes**C**: Moreover, the facing nodes are contained by a com...
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**A**: They establish that despite generic dependence between observation pattern and latent factors, as long as there is certain “rectangular” pattern that is part of observed entries, their proposed algorithm Synthetic Nearest Neighbours (SNN) can provide entry-wise performance guarantees**B**: In that sense, the goa...
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**A**: In this paper, we presented the first review of hypernetworks in the context of deep learning. We provided an illustrative example to explain the workings of hypernetworks and proposed a categorization based on five design criteria: inputs, outputs, variability of inputs and outputs, and the architecture of hype...
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**A**: The method of (Jasour et al., 2021), which we adjusted, extended, and made compatible with Polar, concerns discrete-time stochastic nonlinear dynamical systems subjected to probabilistic uncertainties**B**: (Jasour et al., 2021) focused on nonlinear autonomous and robotic systems where motion dynamics are descr...
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**A**: In [25, 26, 27, 28], the authors presented potential threats against UAV systems, but FANET security was not covered**B**: However, since UAV battery consumption attacks are new attacks, it was noted that the literature contained no fixed security solutions. Along with this issue, effective detection systems and...
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**A**: G2 Two ways to search the candidate pool**B**: Two search practices became apparent: full or partial search of the candidate pool. G3 Meeting the set of minimum basic requirements**C**: Screeners were able to differentiate candidates relative to each other, but their focus was on finding candidates that met thes...
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**A**: To analyze their effects, we perform a set of ablation experiments via breaking them down**B**: As listed in Table 1, the performance will be enhanced by 1.57 dB and 1.72 dB compared to the baseline when adding LAT and WDT. Finally, LAT and WDT jointly achieve the best performance. **C**: In PMM, we design new l...
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**A**: If a solution within the Pareto set equalizes utilities, then any other solution must inevitably trade off one player’s utility for the other’s, meaning any alternative solution would yield a lower utility for at least one player.**B**: First, observe that if there exists a point in the Pareto solution set wher...
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**A**: The configuration “A+TOPIC” augments ByteTrack by adding an appearance model using FastReID to extract appearance features, and employs our proposed parallel association paradigm, TOPIC, for association. Building upon configuration “A”, the “A+AARM” setup enhances the appearance model with AARM**B**: We also exa...
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**A**: “yes"/“no"/“maybe"**B**: However, in VQA there was a bias towards “yes", with 61.40% of binary responses being “yes". In our dataset, there is a balance between binary questions containing “yes" and “no", 50.32% and 49.68%, respectively. The percentage of “yes"/“no" questions with respect to the total number of...
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**A**: In particular, we observe that AnglE experiences a greater drop in performance without the angle objective than without the in-batch negative (ibn) objective. This suggests that angle optimization is more important than ibn in improving text embedding**B**: Additionally, we find that using the angle objective al...
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**A**: This would result in astronomically high number of flows. Consequently, flagging those flows would take unrealistic time**B**: The trends shown in Fig. 10 clearly indicate that, for DBJ* to achieve a coverage score close to FaSTM∀for-all\forall∀N, it would have to be run with numerous different motif configurat...
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**A**: 8. Among the RL and ANN control methods, the boost converter with RL control performed better in terms of settling time which is quite evident in Table 6. This is because RL has unique learning and decision-making abilities that allow it to adapt and optimize the control policy according to the specific needs an...
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**A**: Figure 5 presents the 250 most frequently used words or phrases**B**: The word cloud reveals that these words describe various image attributes, such as objects, styles, quality, and colors. This variety underlines the high diversity present within the prompt content of the PIP dataset. **C**: The frequency of t...
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**A**: In our method, the total training and validation data used in [22]—640 for Cora, 620 for Citeseer, and 560 for Pubmed—are treated as the overall prior information. In contrast to [22], which evaluated performance using 1,000 test nodes for each dataset, we assess performance on all remaining nodes not designated...
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**A**: Before the appearance of fully automated vehicles in the traffic stream, some commercially available vehicles already have low levels of autonomy features, such as ACC, which are AVs with automated longitudinal control. Conventional machine learning techniques have proven to be ineffective in detecting whether ...
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**A**: From the perspective of causal discovery, some of these tasks require capturing causal structures, such as time series forecasting, which necessitates capturing the spatiotemporal causal relationships among multiple variables [52, 2]**B**: Some tasks require both structure and representation [16, 10]. We formal...
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**A**: This strategy has proven invaluable across various tasks, including text classification. In summation, while significant strides have been made in handling extensive texts with LLMs, an intricate dance exists between segmenting these texts and preserving their inherent context. Our research seeks to perfect this...
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**A**: Hence, the FFam attacks not only increase the familiarity (i.e., MLS) of the novel but also of the familiar samples, which preserves the ranking (see also Fig. 5(a)). In contrast, FNov attacks cannot decrease the median MLS below the 1st percentile of the original test scores (Fig. 3(d)), but the ranking (AUROC)...
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