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In July 2009, the Medical Advisory Secretariat (MAS) began work on Non-Invasive Cardiac Imaging Technologies for the Assessment of Myocardial Viability, an evidence-based review of the literature surrounding different cardiac imaging modalities to ensure that appropriate technologies are accessed by patients undergoing... |
Literature review Epidemiology Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cause of cancer worldwide with an annual incidence of over 711,000 new cases, and the third most common cause of cancer death with an annual mortality of 679,000 patients. Most commonly HCC develops in cirrhosis, irrespective of the ... |
Mitoxantrone (Novantrone), a synthetic anthracenedione derivative, is an antineoplastic, immunomodulatory agent. Its presumed mechanism of action in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) is via immunomodulatory mechanisms, although these remain to be fully elucidated. Intravenous mitoxantrone treatment improved neurolo... |
Several essential oils contain pulegone and are used for flavoring foods, drinks, and dental products, as fragrance agents, and in herbal medicines. Pulegone was nominated for study by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences based on the potential for human exposure and the absence of carcinogenicity da... |
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene is an intermediate used in the manufacture of flame retardants, resins, and chlorinated cyclodiene pesticides. Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies were conducted by exposing male and female F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice to atmospheres containing hexachlorocyclopentadiene (approximately 98% pur... |
Triamterene is a potassium-sparing diuretic used in the treatment of edema associated with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, and other diseases in which edema may occur. Toxicity and carcinogenicity studies were conducted by administering triamterene (greater than 99% pure) in feed to groups of male and... |
Rituximab is an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody that has demonstrated efficacy in patients with various lymphoid malignancies, including indolent and aggressive forms of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). While the optimal use of the drug in many clinical settings has yet ... |
Nickel oxide (NiO) "sinters" are used in stainless steel and alloy steel production. Nickel oxide was nominated by the National Cancer Institute to the NTP for testing because exposure to this form of nickel is prevalent in the nickel industry. Increased incidences of lung and nasal sinus cancers have occurred among wo... |
Toxicology studies of pentachlorophenol, a biocide used primarily as a wood preservative, were conducted by feeding diets containing a technical-grade composite, Dowicide EC-7 (a technical grade formulation), or pure pentachlorophenol to groups of B6C3F1 mice for 30 days. These three grades plus another commercial grad... |
Triethanolamine is widely used as an ingredient in emulsifiers, thickeners, wetting agents, detergents, and alkalinizing agents in cosmetic products; as a chemical intermediate for anionic and nonionic surfactants and surface active agents in household cleaning agents, textiles, herbicides, pharmaceutical ointments, an... |
Nitromethane is used as a rocket and engine fuel; as a synthesis intermediate for agricultural fumigants, biocides, and other products; as a solvent; and as an explosive in mining, oil-well drilling, and seismic exploration. It has been detected in air, in surface and drinking water, and in cigarette smoke. Nitromethan... |
4,4'-Thiobis(6- t -butyl- m -cresol) (TBBC) is used in the rubber and plastics industries as an antioxidant. TBBC is also used as a stabilizer in polyethylene and polyolefin packaging materials for foodstuffs. Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies were conducted by administering TBBC (99% pure) in feed to groups of mal... |
Scopolamine hydrobromide trihydrate is used in ophthalmic preparations and as a preanesthetic sedative. Its major use is in transdermal patches for the treatment of motion sickness. Scopolamine hydrobromide trihydrate was selected for study because of considerable human exposure resulting from its use in prescription a... |
English Name Latin Name Job's tears seed Coicis Semen, Japanese Ardisia Herb Japanese Ardisia Herb, White Hyacinth Bean Semen Dolichoris Album, Spreading Hedyotis Herb Hedyotis diffusa, Willowleaf Swallowwort Rhizome Rhizoma Cynanchi Stauntonii, Large head Atractylodes Rh Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, Sessile Ste... |
C.I. Direct Blue 218 is a copper chelated dye used for cellulose, acetate, nylon, silk, wool, tissue, papers, and textile goods with a urea-formaldehyde finish. C.I. Direct Blue 218 is one of five chemicals/dyes that are part of the National Toxicology Program's Benzidine Dye Initiative, established to determine the to... |
OBJECTIVES: This study describes up-to-date cancer incidence and survival in Italian paediatric and adolescent patients, based on data collected by the network of Italian cancer registries (AIRTUM). It updates the monograph published on the same topic in 2008. The main objective of this monograph is to present the stat... |
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this review was to assess the safety and effectiveness of metal on metal (MOM) hip resurfacing arthroplasty for young patients compared with that of total hip replacement (THR) in the same population. CLINICAL NEED: Total hip replacement has proved to be very effective for late middle-aged a... |
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