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1mq64q | Has any country ever changed legal systems over a short period of time? | I'm looking for a switch from say common law to civil law. Has any country ever switched over to another legal system? Colonial changes I'd think were slower. | AskHistorians | {
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"The first thing that came to mind is the Japanese and Chinese changes of law that occurred at the turn of the last century, Specifically the adoption of German based civil law in China and the Meiji restoration in Japan."
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} | test_askh | Has any country ever changed legal systems over a short period of time?
I'm looking for a switch from say common law to civil law. Has any country ever switched over to another legal system? Colonial changes I'd think were slower. | [
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42z9sm | Was there ever discussion in Great Britain of retaking the American colonies after 1783, or was that considered permanently off the table? | AskHistorians | {
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"I know Cecil Rhodes dreamt of reintegrating it into the Empire whilst he was around in the 1800's although he wanted to do it by \"breeding an American elite of philosopher kings who would have the US rejoin the empire\" . \n\nBut then he also wanted the entire globe to... | {
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| [
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1sl0fw | What effects did the Edict of Nantes have in 17th century Europe? | AskHistorians | {
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"The first impact of the Edicts of Nantes in 1598 was to put an end to the Wars of Religion, which had been tearing France apart since 1562.\n\nThis allowed France to focus externally, on European geo-politics, instead of internally on civil war.\n\nThe main external foc... | {
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"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thirty_Years'_War",
"http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/france_1610_to_1715.htm"
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} | test_askh | What effects did the Edict of Nantes have in 17th century Europe?
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3hlcug | [Help] book recommendations to spark my sisters interest in history! | Hi reddit, long time lurker. My 15 year old sister chose modern history (mostly 20th century) as a subject next year and while she says that history interests her, she doesn't seem too passionate about it. Any recommendations on books that might spark her interest?
Thanks so much in advance. She just needs that initi... | AskHistorians | {
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"It depends on whar she's interested in, but the Cartoon History of the World and World History: The Comic (Larry Gonick Zak Zabell), which were interesting for me to read as an adult. Otherwise, very readable books are Courtesans and Fishca... | {
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} | test_askh | [Help] book recommendations to spark my sisters interest in history!
Hi reddit, long time lurker. My 15 year old sister chose modern history (mostly 20th century) as a subject next year and while she says that history interests her, she doesn't seem too passionate about it. Any recommendations on books that might spark... | [
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2kt7jh | It's the 1300's and I'm a 10 year old boy in a small French village that is about to be pillaged by an English lord's army. What is about to happen to my family and village? | What would happen to me? Would I be forcibly recruited into the enemy's army? Would I be killed?
What would happen to my Father, Mother, and Sister?
What would happen to my village?
Why would the enemy lord be doing this to us when we are simple peasants? | AskHistorians | {
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"I will answer what I can for you here. I will leave the rest up to others.\n\nIn regards to your village, it does depend upon what the lord is pillaging for. Something you have to realize, is that different soldiers and armies were paid differently. Many times, the sold... | {
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} | test_askh | It's the 1300's and I'm a 10 year old boy in a small French village that is about to be pillaged by an English lord's army. What is about to happen to my family and village?
What would happen to me? Would I be forcibly recruited into the enemy's army? Would I be killed? What would happen to my Father, Mother, and Siste... | [
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1aykxp | How accurate is the image of a King sitting upon his throne as villagers come up one at a time asking him to solve a dispute or rule on something? If this isn't true... where does this image come from? | AskHistorians | {
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"Someone else will have to cover other time periods and places, but in medieval England this is a fairly accurate portrayal.\n\nAs Huscroft writes in *Ruling England: 1042-1217*, \"...the king was expected to be both a lawgiver, obliged to keep good laws and abolish bad ... | {
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} | test_askh | How accurate is the image of a King sitting upon his throne as villagers come up one at a time asking him to solve a dispute or rule on something? If this isn't true... where does this image come from?
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9diplj | How common are draw bridges? | Draw bridges seem to be a staple of the castle era. when my kids build sand castles they automatically add moats and draw bridges. But were they common? Building bridges seems hard enough. Building bridges on hinges as a security measure during the castle era seems like a huge undertaking. Did this happen a few ti... | AskHistorians | {
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"Probably not the best answer but...\n\nMoats (and therefore draw bridges) are seen more often in English castles where the ground was more level. This would add artificial height to the walls of the castle, and make it harder to assail. Castles throughout mainland Euro... | {
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} | test_askh | How common are draw bridges?
Draw bridges seem to be a staple of the castle era. when my kids build sand castles they automatically add moats and draw bridges. But were they common? Building bridges seems hard enough. Building bridges on hinges as a security measure during the castle era seems like a huge undertaking. ... | [
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2xjtty | Does the banality of evil apply better to Guards and workers at concertion camps? | From watching BBC Auschwitz The Nazis and the Final Solution, it seems that large amount were ordinary men and women.
It seems that giving them so much power made them steal money from the Nazis, rape and even write romantic notes to prisoners and get away with it. [1](_URL_0_)
Video by Calfronia Univreristy explainin... | AskHistorians | {
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"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0vvl46PmCfE"
]
} | {
"url": []
} | test_askh | Does the banality of evil apply better to Guards and workers at concertion camps?
From watching BBC Auschwitz The Nazis and the Final Solution, it seems that large amount were ordinary men and women. It seems that giving them so much power made them steal money from the Nazis, rape and even write romantic notes to pris... | [
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5dmxcb | Donald Trump is planning a "Victory Tour." Does this have any precedent in American politics? | [removed] | AskHistorians | {
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"This submission has been removed because it involves current events. To keep from discussion of politics, we have a [20-year rule](_URL_0_) here. You may want to try /r/ask_politics or another current-events focused sub. For further explanation of this rule, feel free... | {
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"url": [
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} | test_askh | Donald Trump is planning a "Victory Tour." Does this have any precedent in American politics?
[removed] | [
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2d8n9c | Suppose it's 1977 and you are the brother of someone who use to work in the Soviet embassy to the US and has just defected. (Assuming you still live in the USSR) what (if anything?) would happen to you? | AskHistorians | {
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"In 1978, the Soviet ambassador and representative to the UN Arkady Shevchenko defected to the US after spying for the CIA for 3 years.\n\nHis wife committed suicide 2 month afterwards. As a member of the Nomenclature, his son was put into protective custo... | {
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} | test_askh | Suppose it's 1977 and you are the brother of someone who use to work in the Soviet embassy to the US and has just defected. (Assuming you still live in the USSR) what (if anything?) would happen to you?
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7y7m9h | Why and when did the 's' take on its shape in printed material? | So, I've read that the curious 'f'-shaped letter 's' that is so classic to 18th century printed material (is there a word for it?) was made because the 's' shape was too weak, and so the 'f'-shaped letter was used instead as it held up better. First, is this true? Second, when did it stop being is use and why?
What br... | AskHistorians | {
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"The \"long S\" is a typographic style for the letter in the middle of words, while the \"short S\" is used at the end of the word. You can find some info from u/kookingpot in [this older thread](_URL_1_), and the indomitable u/Searocksandtrees also compiled a lot of old... | {
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"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/34ybtr/what_is_the_cause_of_some_words_using_an_f_in/"
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} | test_askh | Why and when did the 's' take on its shape in printed material?
So, I've read that the curious 'f'-shaped letter 's' that is so classic to 18th century printed material (is there a word for it?) was made because the 's' shape was too weak, and so the 'f'-shaped letter was used instead as it held up better. First, is th... | [
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4hkgbb | What is the history behind courses in meals? | In European and American dining it's traditional to have a small course, followed by a main dish, then a sweet dessert. When and how did this convention arise and why has it become so dominant that basically every restaurant menu in the US is divided this way? | AskHistorians | {
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"This style is technically called *service à la Russe* and, as the name suggests, Europe and America adopted it from Russia. Originally it would have comprised many courses delivered consecutively, although over time it has developed into the style we are familiar with t... | {
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} | test_askh | What is the history behind courses in meals?
In European and American dining it's traditional to have a small course, followed by a main dish, then a sweet dessert. When and how did this convention arise and why has it become so dominant that basically every restaurant menu in the US is divided this way? | [
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45ato2 | Sailing Speeds | I'm currently writing some historical fiction and I'm wondering how fast people would have been able to sail in a typical galley during the Middle Ages. I understand that there would be a range--good wind, bad wind, etc. Does anyone have any thoughts?
Thanks!! | AskHistorians | {
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"This is an area of interest to me, but finding actual speeds is like digging a ditch with a teaspoon. You find a bit here, a bit there, and once in a great while, how many days it took to press on from one port to another. Due to the recreated ships, you can find out mo... | {
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} | test_askh | Sailing Speeds
I'm currently writing some historical fiction and I'm wondering how fast people would have been able to sail in a typical galley during the Middle Ages. I understand that there would be a range--good wind, bad wind, etc. Does anyone have any thoughts? Thanks!! | [
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8osf9p | When was the last time a canon was used in a naval battle? | I was listening to another podcast earlier and the guys were trying to figure out when or at what time frame it happened, but could not conclusively find anything. Are there any historical documents that detail when the final naval battles took place using canons and before transitioning to the more current form of cru... | AskHistorians | {
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"Depending on what you call a \"battle\", muzzle-loading cannons were being used to sink ships in earnest into the 20th century.\n\nAleko Lilius, in his *I Sailed with Chinese Pirates*, D. Appleton & Co., 1931, describes Chinese pirates still using such ... | {
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} | test_askh | When was the last time a canon was used in a naval battle?
I was listening to another podcast earlier and the guys were trying to figure out when or at what time frame it happened, but could not conclusively find anything. Are there any historical documents that detail when the final naval battles took place using cano... | [
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16o2jy | Not a kid, just a question - When was homework invented and who implemented it? | AskHistorians | {
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"I'm not quite sure there is an actual answer for this. For a lot of history, those who were lucky enough to be educated would learn from personal tutors in their homes. In the Heian era, this is how all the social elite learned their assorted poetry and Chinese characte... | {
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"url": [
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} | test_askh | Not a kid, just a question - When was homework invented and who implemented it?
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6vzl4z | (13th century Italy) Can anyone guess to whom this passage is referring? | I stumbled upon this passage in a speech of Maria M. Stewart, the early 19th century American abolitionist, entitled "What If I Am a Woman?"
> In the thirteenth century, a young lady of Bologne devoted herself to the study of the Latin language and of the laws. At the age of 23 she pronounced a funeral oration in L... | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
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"Well, the source you refer to is an early modern source, so right off the bat, I'm a bit sceptical that this woman even existed.\n\nI've checked out the source you quote and one of the first pages states the the purpose of the volume is:\n\n > To give a brief detail of... | {
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"url": []
} | test_askh | (13th century Italy) Can anyone guess to whom this passage is referring?
I stumbled upon this passage in a speech of Maria M. Stewart, the early 19th century American abolitionist, entitled "What If I Am a Woman?" > In the thirteenth century, a young lady of Bologne devoted herself to the study of the Latin language an... | [
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1j6db6 | Suggestions for WW2 related material for myself and my wife. | Hi everyone, I hope i'm not violating any rules with this post. My wife and I rarely bond over anything, but she has become interested in WW2, particularly the Holocaust. I want to get her more interested in learning about not just the Holocaust, but also the events leading up to Holocaust, the reasons for, etc. Can yo... | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"The movie \"A Bridge Too Far\" based on the book \"A Bridge Too Far\" by Cornelius Ryan. The book's a great read too.\n\n_URL_0_\n\nJust check out that cast. If you were someone in the late 1970s you were probably in the movie.\n\nThe movie is highly faithful to its s... | {
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} | {
"url": [
"http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0075784/?ref_=sr_1"
]
} | test_askh | Suggestions for WW2 related material for myself and my wife.
Hi everyone, I hope i'm not violating any rules with this post. My wife and I rarely bond over anything, but she has become interested in WW2, particularly the Holocaust. I want to get her more interested in learning about not just the Holocaust, but also the... | [
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28z2js | I recently came across my grandfathers WW2 service information and I have some questions. | I'm looking for detailed information about my grandfathers deployment during WW2. Any info or resources that I can use would be much appreciated.
Here's the info I found.
His name was James Daniel Mullen. He served in the Army Air Corps as an engineer. 1902-d Engineer Aviation Battalion to be exact. His service was... | AskHistorians | {
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"Corporal Mullen was a demolition tech in Third Platoon, Second Squad of Captain Max Froome's B-Company. \n\nThe 1902-d Battalion called itself \"The Wild Deuces,\" and [here is a battalion history](_URL_2_). NSFW, mind you, due to pictures of dead bodies and a bit of ch... | {
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} | {
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"url": [
"http://books.google.com/books?id=4m-I5pdxBeMC&pg=PA377&dq=1902+Engineer+Aviation+Battalion&hl=en&sa=X&ei=TLWpU5-AE5SKqAaG2ICgAw&ved=0CDMQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=1902%20Engineer%20Aviation%20Battalion&f=false",
"http://books.google.com/books?id=as1z7oezsrIC&pg=PA150&a... | test_askh | I recently came across my grandfathers WW2 service information and I have some questions.
I'm looking for detailed information about my grandfathers deployment during WW2. Any info or resources that I can use would be much appreciated. Here's the info I found. His name was James Daniel Mullen. He served in the Army Air... | [
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1gj84m | SCOTUS ruled school prayer unconstitutional 50 years ago today. How was the Abington v. Schempp decision received? | AskHistorians | {
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"text": [
"As with most church-state issues in the United States, the public was split (with dissenters particularly vocal after the ruling was handed down). The role of religion and prayer in public schools remains a controversial issue even today, 50 years later. I know I cont... | {
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} | test_askh | SCOTUS ruled school prayer unconstitutional 50 years ago today. How was the Abington v. Schempp decision received?
| [
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2ozfnw | Books to read . ( I don't know much about history ) | I just realized that I don't know much about history ! So I wanted to know about some books that would give me a good start .
| AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
"cmrway5"
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"text": [
"Well, what are you looking for? You can start by taking a look [at our book list](_URL_0_) but you'll get better answers if you're more specific in what you're interested in reading about."
],
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"url": [
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/wiki/books"
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} | test_askh | Books to read . ( I don't know much about history )
I just realized that I don't know much about history ! So I wanted to know about some books that would give me a good start . | [
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b3c1oo | Reading recommendations for the Kingdom of Kongo? | I've long been fascinated by the KoK but never come across a comprehensive history. Recommendatioms with any scope and angle are welcome (whole era, focus on triangle trade, as part of a broader West African history, etc). | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
"ej06tiw"
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"text": [
"There has been a good deal written about the kingdom, and there is some very interesting research coming to press right now, products of the [KongoKing archaeology project](_URL_1_). Of the two listed there, _The Kongo Kingdom; origins and dynamics of an African polity_... | {
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} | {
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} | {
"url": [
"https://books.google.com/books?id=0IwMwBVfr0sC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false",
"http://www.kongoking.net/publications-books.html",
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fIhKhlrNISc"
]
} | test_askh | Reading recommendations for the Kingdom of Kongo?
I've long been fascinated by the KoK but never come across a comprehensive history. Recommendatioms with any scope and angle are welcome (whole era, focus on triangle trade, as part of a broader West African history, etc). | [
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51vvo1 | Augustus' political affiliation? (Populares/Optimates) | What was Augustus' political bias?
Did his status as Princeps make him officially impartial in the Senate?
I would have thought his relationship with Caesar would make him "Populares"
Ave! | AskHistorians | {
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"That's simply not how Roman politics worked. *Populares* and *optimates* were not political parties, factions, or affiliations. The *optimates* in particular don't really exist--*optimas*, and the more common *bonus* is a rhetorical term that is applied to pretty much w... | {
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"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/410g4i/were_there_established_political_factions_in_the/",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/358ic9/did_the_ancient_athens_or_the_roman_republic_have/"
]
} | test_askh | Augustus' political affiliation? (Populares/Optimates)
What was Augustus' political bias? Did his status as Princeps make him officially impartial in the Senate? I would have thought his relationship with Caesar would make him "Populares" Ave! | [
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4txtxd | I am reading a textbook that was originally published in 1928 (My Edition was reprinted in '42) and the author often uses 'æ' and 'ö' is this common? Did the usage of these charecters drop from the usual lexicon? or was this just unusual? | The textbook, if anyone is wondering is "A History of Canada", Third Edition, by Carl Wittke A. M. PH.D. | AskHistorians | {
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"Yes, these were formerly quite common. And as you suspect, have largely fallen out of use.\n\nThe two dots in this instance are called *diaeresis*. The mark always occurs with two vowels next to each other, and shows up above the second vowel. It signifie... | {
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} | test_askh | I am reading a textbook that was originally published in 1928 (My Edition was reprinted in '42) and the author often uses 'æ' and 'ö' is this common? Did the usage of these charecters drop from the usual lexicon? or was this just unusual?
The textbook, if anyone is wondering is "A History of Canada", Third Edition, by ... | [
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3tkk66 | How much do we truly know about smuggling in Colonial America, and what are some things that we do not know for sure? | I am writing my end of term research paper on smuggling in Colonial America as it is the only thing I've truly been interested in during this semester in my Colonial America class. I am having trouble, however, determining an exact question to focus on and attempt to answer in my research paper. Also, any good recommen... | AskHistorians | {
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"text": [
"With a very specific topic like that, the best way to look for sources is to think \"one step broader.\" It works best if you do this in multiple dimensions. So for smuggling in colonial America, you could look for information on:\n\n+ smuggling in the 17th-19th centuri... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3pcfaz/ama_the_atlantic_slave_trade_especially_human"
]
} | test_askh | How much do we truly know about smuggling in Colonial America, and what are some things that we do not know for sure?
I am writing my end of term research paper on smuggling in Colonial America as it is the only thing I've truly been interested in during this semester in my Colonial America class. I am having trouble, ... | [
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6975wj | How true is the claim that CNN was founded so just they could help Jimmy Carter win the 1980 Election? | r/the_donald said this [here.](_URL_1_)
Obviously, r/the_donald is biased and the claim was unsourced, but still, is there any truth in that claim that CNN was founded just so they could help Jimmy Carter win the 1980 Election? Probably not, but still, I don't know anything about CNN history so I can't verify this cla... | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
"dh5genf"
],
"text": [
"CNN had been in the works for at least six months when their first broadcast went out in June of 1980. [Gallup polls from 1980](_URL_0_) show Carter with a commanding lead at the end of 1979/beginning of 1980, and slim lead in June, which diminished, then turned into a ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://redd.it/689mm9",
"https://redd.it/5prt0x"
]
} | {
"url": [
"http://content.gallup.com/origin/gallupinc/GallupSpaces/Production/Cms/POLL/t-dkcxx_tu6z010eqv-sdw.gif",
"http://www.gallup.com/poll/110548/gallup-presidential-election-trialheat-trends-19362004.aspx#4"
]
} | test_askh | How true is the claim that CNN was founded so just they could help Jimmy Carter win the 1980 Election?
r/the_donald said this [here.](_URL_1_) Obviously, r/the_donald is biased and the claim was unsourced, but still, is there any truth in that claim that CNN was founded just so they could help Jimmy Carter win the 1980... | [
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20ucf6 | What are some post WWI/WWII treaties or policies that we may be surprised to learn still have legal backing? | AskHistorians | {
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"Part C in the top right of the USA immigration form probably applies here:\n\n_URL_0_",
"Im just questioning slightly further do you mean signed directly after ww1 and wwII or do you mean to encompass all treaties singed afterwards",
... | {
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} | {
"url": [
"http://i.imgur.com/ANzwx7r.jpg",
"http://dejure.org/gesetze/StGB/80.html"
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} | test_askh | What are some post WWI/WWII treaties or policies that we may be surprised to learn still have legal backing?
| [
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4du1pa | What is the most impressive history book you have ever read? | [removed] | AskHistorians | {
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"text": [
"*The Guns of August* Barbara Tuchman. Factual without being dry, pointed without much bias. If you're going to read one book about the Great War, this should be it.",
"Europe: A History by Norman Davies. I loved the grand narrative of E... | {
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"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/48hjn0/rules_roundtable_6_the_no_polltype_questions_rule/",
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/wiki/rules#wiki_no_.22poll.22-type_questions"
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} | test_askh | What is the most impressive history book you have ever read?
[removed] | [
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20887k | Here's a picture of neo-Nazi Lincoln Rockwell at one of Malcolm X's speeches. What was the reaction? what happen after? | Just click [The picture](_URL_0_) | AskHistorians | {
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"Rockwell was actually a fan of Malcolm X because Malcolm X supported (at the time at least) a separation of the races. Both felt that there could be no lasting peace or stability unless the whites and blacks were physically separated in different countries.\n\nRockwell ... | {
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"url": [
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} | {
"url": [
"http://books.google.com/books/about/Hate.html?id=Y39_IwAACAAJ"
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} | test_askh | Here's a picture of neo-Nazi Lincoln Rockwell at one of Malcolm X's speeches. What was the reaction? what happen after?
Just click [The picture](_URL_0_) | [
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66tww3 | While talking with an old German WWII vet today, the man gave me a rather intersting tidbit of information that I'm hoping I can get some backstory on. | I was volunteering at a nursing home and saw a man sitting by himself playing a harmonica. I sat down and introduced myself, and after a little talking the man revealed he was in the middle of training to fight in the German Army in Romania when World War 2 came to an end.
He had many interesting tales (such as how he... | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"OP, are you sure he didn't mean sticking leaves in a simple [helmet band](_URL_0_), [net](_URL_1_), [or cover](_URL_2_) for the purposes of camouflage?\n\nThe way you're phrasing the question is a little confusing to me, because it implies some sort of tr... | {
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} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.rangerjoes.com/Enhanced-Helmet-Band-2-Position-Coyote-Tan-P7482.aspx",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmet_cover",
"http://www.rangerjoes.com/MICH-Helmet-Cover-P7996.aspx"
]
} | test_askh | While talking with an old German WWII vet today, the man gave me a rather intersting tidbit of information that I'm hoping I can get some backstory on.
I was volunteering at a nursing home and saw a man sitting by himself playing a harmonica. I sat down and introduced myself, and after a little talking the man revealed... | [
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5wxzi9 | Can anyone point me to literature on the 'social history of physical space'? | An idea that I've been mulling over for some time now is examining the 'social history of physical space'. I dont know if this concept already has a name, but I would love if someone could point me in the direction of writings, books or papers, dealing with the concept.
What I mean by this is two fold. One angle I hav... | AskHistorians | {
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"In the history of science there is a lot of study of physical spaces and the ways in which they encode different social/political/epistemic relationships. I doubt historians of science invented this approach, so if you went t... | {
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} | {
"url": [
"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington_Hall_(Seattle)"
]
} | {
"url": []
} | test_askh | Can anyone point me to literature on the 'social history of physical space'?
An idea that I've been mulling over for some time now is examining the 'social history of physical space'. I dont know if this concept already has a name, but I would love if someone could point me in the direction of writings, books or papers... | [
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1oav6s | Why did the Forum Romanum fall into disuse? | From what I've heard, the forum was more or less abondoned to ruin. It seems strange to me that such an important, central, and traditionally rich site in a large and important city simply was abandoned? | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"When the [aqueducts were destroyed](_URL_1_) by invading tribes the city center lost its water supply. The people living there were forced to relocate mostly to the [Campus Martius](_URL_0_), where plenty of water was still available."
],
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"url": [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campus_Martius",
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]
} | test_askh | Why did the Forum Romanum fall into disuse?
From what I've heard, the forum was more or less abondoned to ruin. It seems strange to me that such an important, central, and traditionally rich site in a large and important city simply was abandoned? | [
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1pst7b | What's the first know gambling game? | Horse racing, perhaps? | AskHistorians | {
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"text": [
"One of the earliest ones I can think of was [knucklebones](_URL_2_), which the Romans called *tali* and the Greeks *astragaloi*. The Greeks ascribe the origin of knucklebones as a game to Palamedes in the Trojan War, but given the original materials used for knucklebone... | {
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"url": [
"http://i.imgur.com/Yfzq1Pz.jpg",
"http://imgur.com/a/xZGxF",
"http://archaeologicalmuseum.jhu.edu/the-collection/object-stories/archaeology-of-daily-life/childhood/knucklebones/"
]
} | test_askh | What's the first know gambling game?
Horse racing, perhaps? | [
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11hsj0 | Shields above doors? | A friend of mine and I are doing research into Masonic influence on American Society. Now, in the buildings we're documenting we're finding many of [these](_URL_0_). So I'm just curious, in general, what era was this type of ornamentation prevalent? Is there any specific symbolism with these shields? | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"The shields were normally used as a way to see who owned what building in an era of feuding families in Italy. The shields were easy to recognize and were easy to associate with one family or another, this was especially important because even during the Ren. Period, il... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://imgur.com/dPTej"
]
} | {
"url": []
} | test_askh | Shields above doors?
A friend of mine and I are doing research into Masonic influence on American Society. Now, in the buildings we're documenting we're finding many of [these](_URL_0_). So I'm just curious, in general, what era was this type of ornamentation prevalent? Is there any specific symbolism with these shield... | [
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54dlcz | When were the antidepressants that are often used to do first prescribed? | And what was the specific diagnosis they were supposed to treat? How widespread was it?
Curious about things like SSRIs, benzodiazepine. | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
"d813g10"
],
"text": [
"I think your question is \"when were the antidepressants that are often prescribed *today* first prescribed?\" Correct me if I'm wrong.\n\nThe modern era of psychopharmacology really begins in the 1950s, when certain mood changes noted as side effects of some tuberculos... | {
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} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3136031/",
"http://mobile.nytimes.com/2012/04/22/magazine/the-science-and-history-of-treating-depression.html"
]
} | test_askh | When were the antidepressants that are often used to do first prescribed?
And what was the specific diagnosis they were supposed to treat? How widespread was it? Curious about things like SSRIs, benzodiazepine. | [
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2ufft6 | What was FDR's opinion on welfare? | His presidency was the start of the New Deal, my understanding is that he set up the basis for the welfare system in the Unites States. My friend and I were talking about this the other day and he mentioned a quote from FDR that sounded to be anti-welfare. I looked up the speech, and he sounds like he passed the New De... | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
"co7wsjy"
],
"text": [
"In reality, FDR was doing everything possible to provide help to people who needed it without fueling the perception that people were somehow livin' high off the government hog. This is a critical point which I think helps contextualize both your quote and question.\n\n... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=14890"
]
} | {
"url": []
} | test_askh | What was FDR's opinion on welfare?
His presidency was the start of the New Deal, my understanding is that he set up the basis for the welfare system in the Unites States. My friend and I were talking about this the other day and he mentioned a quote from FDR that sounded to be anti-welfare. I looked up the speech, and ... | [
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59bhjs | My late grandfather was a paratrooper in WWII - 101st Airborne Divison ("Screaming Eagles") - Can you tell me more about these items I have from him [link in comments]? | [deleted] | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
"d976h73",
"d984pb3"
],
"text": [
"The solid blue ribbon with the gold border is the Army Presidential Unit Citation Ribbon.\n\nThe ribbon with the multi-colored stripes and the bronze stars is the Europe-Africa-Middle East service ribbon.\n\nThe red ribbon with the rainbow edges is the WW... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | test_askh | My late grandfather was a paratrooper in WWII - 101st Airborne Divison ("Screaming Eagles") - Can you tell me more about these items I have from him [link in comments]?
[deleted] | [
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6u6a9o | I keep hearing that the out of Africa theory is being challenged, is this true? | AskHistorians | {
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],
"text": [
"Hi, while it's possible that you'll get an answer here, questions about events that took place during *prehistory* are worth x-posting to our sister sub /r/AskAnthropology. There are some anthropologists here, but there are more there, and with a greater focus on earlie... | {
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} | {
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} | {
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} | test_askh | I keep hearing that the out of Africa theory is being challenged, is this true?
| [
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4cnl81 | Some american states used intelligence tests to determine whether colored people should be sterilized. Was there any controversy around this practice? | AskHistorians | {
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"In mid-nineteenth century America, there were two competing theories of the origins of man: polygeny, which posited that different races had arisen from different ancestry, and monogeny, which held that all humans descended from a common ancestor. These theories origina... | {
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"url": [
"http://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/10/us/redress-weighed-for-forced-sterilizations-in-north-carolina.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0"
]
} | test_askh | Some american states used intelligence tests to determine whether colored people should be sterilized. Was there any controversy around this practice?
| [
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a82hxa | In Westerns, it's common to see wanted posters with a reward offered in lieu of an organized, coordinated effort by law enforcement to track criminals down; was this an accurate reflection of how the system worked, or a fictional convention? Who would usually be offering these bounties? | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
"ec8ckjj"
],
"text": [
"While you're waiting for someone to answer your question in particular, you might be interested in perusing [the section of the FAQ on the historical accuracy of \"Wild West\" tropes.](_URL_0_)"
],
"score": [
2
]
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/wiki/historically_accurate#wiki_..._are_.22wild_west.22_tropes.3F"
]
} | test_askh | In Westerns, it's common to see wanted posters with a reward offered in lieu of an organized, coordinated effort by law enforcement to track criminals down; was this an accurate reflection of how the system worked, or a fictional convention? Who would usually be offering these bounties?
| [
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7wtj2k | When Versaille assembled in 1789 for the first time in 175 years, who represented the third estate? | Countries such as France and Sweden had estate parliaments. In France, commoners (everyone outside of the nobility and church) made up the third estate, while in Sweden, these were divided into the 3rd and 4th estate. How did one attend these assemblies? I'm assuming there was farmers present, how were they picked? Was... | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
"du3hdz1"
],
"text": [
"The assembly was the Estates General; Versailles was the name of the palace where they met.\n\nRepresentatives to the Estates General of 1789 were elected by their respective estates, rather more freely and more democratically than elections for many a decade following.... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | test_askh | When Versaille assembled in 1789 for the first time in 175 years, who represented the third estate?
Countries such as France and Sweden had estate parliaments. In France, commoners (everyone outside of the nobility and church) made up the third estate, while in Sweden, these were divided into the 3rd and 4th estate. Ho... | [
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4iplm5 | Sen. Chuck Grassley said in an interview: "Remember, everybody thought Reagan was going to take us down to defeat in 1980." How accurate is his recollection? | I do remember a certain disbelief when Reagan was elected, but I'm not sure exactly how widespread it was, or how much of an "it'll never happen - oh, it happened" moment it was. | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"By May of 1980 (this point 36 years ago) it was clear Carter was in serious trouble. The humiliating failure of the attempted rescue of Iranian hostages in April 1980 coupled with the economic crisis and the feeble response to the Soviet invasion of Afgha... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.amazon.com/Before-Storm-Goldwater-Unmaking-Consensus/dp/1568584121",
"http://www.amazon.com/White-Protestant-Nation-American-Conservative/dp/0802144209",
"http://www.amazon.com/One-Man-Against-World-Tragedy/dp/1627790837",
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xhYJS80MgYA",
"http... | test_askh | Sen. Chuck Grassley said in an interview: "Remember, everybody thought Reagan was going to take us down to defeat in 1980." How accurate is his recollection?
I do remember a certain disbelief when Reagan was elected, but I'm not sure exactly how widespread it was, or how much of an "it'll never happen - oh, it happened... | [
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9d9b4p | How accurate is the line "...badly injured seamen were thrown overboard." from Pratt & Biesty's "Man-of-War" which was the subject of the top /r/nostalgia post today? | Ahoy!
So, i've deliberately left out the part about throwing the dead overboard, which isn't as interesting or harrowing, but specifically looking to see if this was common at the time with [ships of the line](_URL_0_) to throw wounded overboard during battle. And was that a tradition that older navies like the Romans... | AskHistorians | {
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],
"text": [
"If not universal in every action for every nation across the age of fighting sail, we can say that yes it was a pretty damn common practice.\n\nWe can even recount specific instances where the dead, thought to be or virtually dead, or parts thereof were simply tossed ov... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ship_of_the_line",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/nostalgia/comments/9d5liw/crosssection_books_from_the_90s/e5filws/",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/nostalgia/comments/9d5liw/crosssection\\_books\\_from\\_the\\_90s/",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/nostalgia/comments/9d5liw... | {
"url": [
"http://www.nelsonsnavy.co.uk/engagement.html"
]
} | test_askh | How accurate is the line "...badly injured seamen were thrown overboard." from Pratt & Biesty's "Man-of-War" which was the subject of the top /r/nostalgia post today?
Ahoy! So, i've deliberately left out the part about throwing the dead overboard, which isn't as interesting or harrowing, but specifically looking to see... | [
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10rprx | [Book Recommendations]: Military History of the War of 1812, emphasis on Jackson and Scott. | I have to take a class on the American Civil war for Grad school, but luckily was able to talk the professor into letting me write my paper on the military similarities between the war of 1812 and the American Civil war(I have little interest in furthering my knowledge of the American Civil War). While I am familiar wi... | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
"c6hui4i",
"c6ga0wu"
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"text": [
"Hi there,\n\nIf you're interested in specifically military history I'd recommend J. Hitsman's \"Incredible War of 1812\". It's a book entirely devoted to the military actions in the war of 1812. At times I found it a bit dry and lacking of political conte... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | test_askh | [Book Recommendations]: Military History of the War of 1812, emphasis on Jackson and Scott.
I have to take a class on the American Civil war for Grad school, but luckily was able to talk the professor into letting me write my paper on the military similarities between the war of 1812 and the American Civil war(I have l... | [
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2kz8uv | Are there any lost technologies that still have not been found today? | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
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],
"text": [
"Concrete wasn't lost per se; the technology of modern concrete is significantly different from the Roman variety which owed much of it's strength to local volcanic ash. This is similar to 'Damascus Steel' which owed much of it's strength an... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1zg2st/monday_mysteries_lost_skills/"
]
} | test_askh | Are there any lost technologies that still have not been found today?
| [
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8jlji9 | What is the Spanish/Portuguese people's general sentiment about the history before the reconquista? How is it taught in schools? | I'm not sure this question is allowed in the sub. If it violates any rules please let me know.
Edit: I had Islamic period in mind. | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
"dzq7r8f"
],
"text": [
"Usually, since we were de facto Catholic nations until the mid 20th century at least, we have the intuitive view that we were living here and were pushed up by the moors and then returned and resettled the land. The moors are always viewed negatively and as outsiders, b... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | test_askh | What is the Spanish/Portuguese people's general sentiment about the history before the reconquista? How is it taught in schools?
I'm not sure this question is allowed in the sub. If it violates any rules please let me know. Edit: I had Islamic period in mind. | [
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1pmsr5 | Why was there a sudden peak in the use of the word "froth," according to google, in the 1920's? | Title sums up the question quite nicely. Was it a cultural thing? Why the sudden decline? Also, I couldn't find askhistoricallinguist, so please don't hate me if it's a little out of the norm. | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
"cd3y7ci",
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"text": [
"Booze, baby, Booze! It was the era of Prohibition and as such, it was the era of the cocktail, with experimentation happening in both speakeasies and hoity-toity establishments alike, such as the Algonquin Hotel. Many popular cocktails of the time were su... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.chow.com/food-news/54866/10-raw-egg-cocktails/",
"https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=froth&year_start=1800&year_end=2000&corpus=15&smoothing=3&share=&direct_url=t1%3B%2Cfroth%3B%2Cc0"
]
} | test_askh | Why was there a sudden peak in the use of the word "froth," according to google, in the 1920's?
Title sums up the question quite nicely. Was it a cultural thing? Why the sudden decline? Also, I couldn't find askhistoricallinguist, so please don't hate me if it's a little out of the norm. | [
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39yz3i | Setting aside morality, from a purely legal standpoint how sound was the Supreme Court's ruling in the Dredd Scott case of 1857? | I remember in high school my AP US history teacher discussed Dredd Scott at great length, and concluded that while morally and politically disastrous, the Dredd Scott ruling was legally sound based on the laws and Constitution as they stood in 1857.
However, the [wikipedia article](_URL_0_) describes the decision as ... | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
"csargf0"
],
"text": [
"The short answer is that yes, your high school teacher is wrong. Yet, it's not that simple. The dred Scott decision is one huge tangled mess of questionable jurisprudence mixed with racism, divisive politics, and unsound legal basis.\n\n\nNow at first I would say that t... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dred_Scott_v._Sandford"
]
} | {
"url": [
"http://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1801&context=fss_papers"
]
} | test_askh | Setting aside morality, from a purely legal standpoint how sound was the Supreme Court's ruling in the Dredd Scott case of 1857?
I remember in high school my AP US history teacher discussed Dredd Scott at great length, and concluded that while morally and politically disastrous, the Dredd Scott ruling was legally sound... | [
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6fayu5 | Unknown origin of postcard from WWII. | My grandmother showed me a letter from her father who was in the U.S. Navy in WWII. I need help figuring out where this postcard is from.
[here is the postcard that she gave me](_URL_0_) | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
"digvtpl"
],
"text": [
"This was Ginza Street in Mudanjiang, Manchuria, China. It was under Japanese occupation since 1931, hence the name \"Ginza\" after a district of Tokyo, and the city was called \"Botankou\" by the Japanese. That's the reading of the Chinese characters in Japanese. \n\nTh... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://imgur.com/a/5CBGt"
]
} | {
"url": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mudanjiang#/media/File:Mdj-1942.jpg"
]
} | test_askh | Unknown origin of postcard from WWII.
My grandmother showed me a letter from her father who was in the U.S. Navy in WWII. I need help figuring out where this postcard is from. [here is the postcard that she gave me](_URL_0_) | [
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902bnz | What was Von Moltke thinking? | I have a question for all you WWI experts out there. Been reading a lot about the Great War after playing Battlefield I, visiting the National WWI Museum in Kansas City, and listening to Dan Carlin’s Blueprint for Armageddon. My question is:
What was Von Moltke and later Ludendorff’s rationale on sticking to the Schli... | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
"e2ncudh",
"e2of8a3"
],
"text": [
"Both Germany and Britain were signatories to the pact which ensured Belgian neutrality (treaty of London 1839) which Germany later revoked so Germany was aware of the mutual defense agreement. \n\nIt is important to remember that Russia had the largest st... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | test_askh | What was Von Moltke thinking?
I have a question for all you WWI experts out there. Been reading a lot about the Great War after playing Battlefield I, visiting the National WWI Museum in Kansas City, and listening to Dan Carlin’s Blueprint for Armageddon. My question is: What was Von Moltke and later Ludendorff’s ratio... | [
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2y1k12 | Was John "Softsword"'s nickname a double meaning? | Being as blunt as possible, would individuals in the English kingdom have viewed this as a dick joke? He earned the nickname from his poor military acumen, but I was wondering if any evidence supported the idea that he was called this for non-military reasons as well. | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
"cp64ryu"
],
"text": [
"While I can't speak directly on the nickname, I can say that John was known to be sexually voracious, often sleeping with his Barons' wives, although he had no heirs. In 1204 he charged Joan de Neville 200 chickens for the right to sleep with her own husband Hugh (a mem... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | test_askh | Was John "Softsword"'s nickname a double meaning?
Being as blunt as possible, would individuals in the English kingdom have viewed this as a dick joke? He earned the nickname from his poor military acumen, but I was wondering if any evidence supported the idea that he was called this for non-military reasons as well. | [
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3599w7 | How has France been able to hold on to some of its colonies up to this point? | Such as French Guyana, Caribbean islands, and South Pacific Islands | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
"cr29tgk"
],
"text": [
"They’re no longer colonies—they’re integral parts of France, in the same way that Hawaii is part of the U.S."
],
"score": [
12
]
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | test_askh | How has France been able to hold on to some of its colonies up to this point?
Such as French Guyana, Caribbean islands, and South Pacific Islands | [
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24kyu4 | Have there been any King Matthews? | I'm interested for guessable personal reasons. But also, were people with certain names (Henry, John, Richard etc) just more likely to be king? Matthew has been a common name for a long time, but perhaps it hasn't been a aristocratic name. | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
"ch87zri"
],
"text": [
"I'm not a historian but I found Matthias Corvinus, a 15th century Hungarian and Croatian king, whose name if Anglicized would be Matthew. There was also a Holy Roman Emperor from the 17th century named Matthias. \n\nNot sure what the Wikipedia policy is here but I found... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matthias,_Holy_Roman_Emperor",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matthias_Corvinus"
]
} | test_askh | Have there been any King Matthews?
I'm interested for guessable personal reasons. But also, were people with certain names (Henry, John, Richard etc) just more likely to be king? Matthew has been a common name for a long time, but perhaps it hasn't been a aristocratic name. | [
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30zm13 | What is the scholarly consensus on whether Han or Greedo shot first? | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
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],
"text": [
"There is no scholarly debate on this largely due to the eyewitness account of Wuher, the bartender of the Mos Eisley Cantina where this event occurred. Wuher states that Greedo threatened Solo and Solo shot him from under the table. He was also quite upse... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | test_askh | What is the scholarly consensus on whether Han or Greedo shot first?
| [
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11takx | so I like history, but i can't decide if it's major worthy | I'm attending Western Washington University in Bellingham Washington which has a wonderful history program and some awesome teachers. I took community college classes in high school and got pretty hooked on history with a certain teacher who inspired me to look into it more. My dilemma is that the more I think about ... | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
"c6pf8xp"
],
"text": [
"Well this is sort of why I switched majors, I started as a history and polisci major (just like you). I have always loved history, but I did not like the idea of teaching. There is of course a small possibility of being able to get into history research or some such, wr... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | test_askh | so I like history, but i can't decide if it's major worthy
I'm attending Western Washington University in Bellingham Washington which has a wonderful history program and some awesome teachers. I took community college classes in high school and got pretty hooked on history with a certain teacher who inspired me to look... | [
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3gkwwy | Did any nations from the 18th-early 20th century predict the rise of the United States? | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
"ctzllrt"
],
"text": [
"Not a nation per se, but the French aristocrat Alexis de Tocqueville in *Democracy in America* predicted back in the 1830s that Russia and the United States would be the great powers of tomorrow, due to their growth and unmet potential.\n\nThe relevant quotation is as f... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | test_askh | Did any nations from the 18th-early 20th century predict the rise of the United States?
| [
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4hxk6g | What was the French motivation in creating the CFP franc? | [Wikipedia](_URL_0_) quotes a French finance minister saying that "In a show of her generosity and selflessness, metropolitan France, wishing not to impose on her far-away daughters the consequences of her own poverty, is setting different exchange rates for their currency." Is that really all there was to it, or was t... | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
"d2uj197"
],
"text": [
"tl:dr : Nah it's basically it. The franc was in a very bad state because of ww2, and it heavily impacted the pacific islands so France gave them their own money so they wouldn't be so dependant of the situation in France.\n\nDuring the middle of the 19th century, nothin... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CFP_franc"
]
} | {
"url": []
} | test_askh | What was the French motivation in creating the CFP franc?
[Wikipedia](_URL_0_) quotes a French finance minister saying that "In a show of her generosity and selflessness, metropolitan France, wishing not to impose on her far-away daughters the consequences of her own poverty, is setting different exchange rates for the... | [
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2j3ovc | I'm a Frenchman in the year 1400, and I have an awful, awful ache in one of my teeth. I'd like to do something about it, what happens? | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
"cl88icr"
],
"text": [
"Depending on the class and wealth of the individual, they would seek advice of a university taught doctor (often sponsored by the church), a local physician or perhaps a herbal doctor. At his point it is important to not that medical care in the medieval period varied.... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | test_askh | I'm a Frenchman in the year 1400, and I have an awful, awful ache in one of my teeth. I'd like to do something about it, what happens?
| [
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3kpcix | Did Sparta ever have a realistic chance of regaining relevancy post-Leuctra? | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
"cx9lb7j",
"cuzjxjx"
],
"text": [
"Yes, if they would be willing to commit to radical social reform.\n\nOnce they lost their empire and unequal allies, they were reduced to the status of \"just another city-state\". However, they controlled all of Lakonia, which meant they were still one o... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | test_askh | Did Sparta ever have a realistic chance of regaining relevancy post-Leuctra?
| [
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bjfx3f | Some question about weapons | Hey, first how are you all? Second I'm working on a tabletop thing and I'm wanting to know of some potential candidates for weapons I can add. Namely European between the 1300s through the 1600s (big gap I know).
I have the usual suspects(Greatswords, halberds, axes, etc) but I was wanting to know of some other m... | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
"em87idr",
"em81lgc"
],
"text": [
"So with regard to swords, please don't base your classification off D & D. It draws more from Victorian antiquarians than the middle ages. Look at the Oakeshott typology instead: [_URL_0_](_URL_1_) \n\nWith regards to the late middle ages in western Euro... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oakeshott\\_typology",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oakeshott_typology",
"https://royalarmouries.org/collection/",
"https://www.faganarms.com/",
"https://wallacelive.wallacecollection.org/eMP/eMuseumPlus",
"https://collections.vam.ac.uk",
"http:/... | test_askh | Some question about weapons
Hey, first how are you all? Second I'm working on a tabletop thing and I'm wanting to know of some potential candidates for weapons I can add. Namely European between the 1300s through the 1600s (big gap I know). I have the usual suspects(Greatswords, halberds, axes, etc) but I was wanting t... | [
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4gmc06 | Clubs? Time to go back to university! What is the history of university society culture, and dining clubs? | This might be a bit UK focussed, I am not sure if they are a thing outside of my borders. In the UK when you join university, there will be societies you can join. There is usually one for your course, and then societies for particular interests, such as sport, culture or ethnicity. I have a few questions about the ori... | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
"d2j228m"
],
"text": [
"I don't think dining clubs \"turned into\" franternaties in the United States.\n\nFraternities in the United States are generally reckoned to start with Phi Beta Kappa in 1781 at the College of William and Mary. That said, FBK functioned almost more like a combination ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | test_askh | Clubs? Time to go back to university! What is the history of university society culture, and dining clubs?
This might be a bit UK focussed, I am not sure if they are a thing outside of my borders. In the UK when you join university, there will be societies you can join. There is usually one for your course, and then so... | [
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2mpuoe | Just finished reading the novel, Gabriele's Story, and it got me thinking. | African Americans involvement in the westward expansion and the 'old west' in general is something that we hear nothing about. What was it like then for African Americans, particularly in the late 1800s? BTW the book (fiction) is worth a read if you want a really great, not so predictable 'old west' tale. | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
"cm6yc3b"
],
"text": [
"The West could be a place of opportunity for African Americans. One should never lose sight of the fact that racism was the norm in the nineteenth century, and the West was no exception, but the worst of the racist venom tended to be directed against Chinese immigrants ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | test_askh | Just finished reading the novel, Gabriele's Story, and it got me thinking.
African Americans involvement in the westward expansion and the 'old west' in general is something that we hear nothing about. What was it like then for African Americans, particularly in the late 1800s? BTW the book (fiction) is worth a read if... | [
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alm62f | What does the following newspaper excerpt mean for free black people (more context in the description): "[The County Judge] gives notice that all free blacks must be dealt with according to law, unless they come forward and give bonds to leave the State." | I'm currently gathering info on one county judge for an independent research project that will then become a book. The excerpt comes from a Texas newspaper from 1848 from a growing region of the state.
I'm not quite sure what this means in the context of free black people before the Civil War, as it's out of my area... | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
"effozmu"
],
"text": [
"The Constitution of the Republic of Texas removed the rights of citizenship from free blacks, which they had previously enjoyed under Mexican rule. \n\nIn 1840, Texas passed a law which noted that any free black person who entered Texas should be arrested and sold into ... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.texasslaveryproject.org/sources/LawsOfTexas/display.php?f=TSP0155.xml"
]
} | test_askh | What does the following newspaper excerpt mean for free black people (more context in the description): "[The County Judge] gives notice that all free blacks must be dealt with according to law, unless they come forward and give bonds to leave the State."
I'm currently gathering info on one county judge for an independ... | [
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al5o97 | American intellectual property theft in the 19th century | I came across an interesting article today which draw parallels between the rise of the 19th century American economic juggernaut and China in the modern day (_URL_0_)
The article focuses primarily on the finished cotton textiles industry, claiming that propionate to GDP, the British industry was “three times the size... | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
"efdre9w"
],
"text": [
"Not to discourage other replies but you may be interested in comments on [this earlier post](_URL_0_) about American capitalism and intellectual property rights in the 19th century, including comments by u/Bacarruda, u/Bodark43 and myself, which touches on similar matte... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"https://foreignpolicy.com/2012/12/06/we-were-pirates-too/amp/"
]
} | {
"url": [
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/a7ojob/is_the_claim_that_american_capitalism_was_built/"
]
} | test_askh | American intellectual property theft in the 19th century
I came across an interesting article today which draw parallels between the rise of the 19th century American economic juggernaut and China in the modern day (_URL_0_) The article focuses primarily on the finished cotton textiles industry, claiming that propionat... | [
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1t3brk | Looking for some information about this ''noah's ark'' site. | I found an article online, and was wondering if anybody had anymore information about it, could tell me how reliable this is etc...
[Article](_URL_0_) | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
"ce40zll",
"ce3wrp2",
"ce43yci",
"ce40ad1",
"ce45ejr"
],
"text": [
"This is completely bogus. The findings on \"Mount Ararat\" are actually the remains of a pilgrimage site built by monks. This stuff was built between 400-1400 CE (my apologies for such a wide date range, I jus... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.sunnyskyz.com/good-news/470/Noah-s-Ark-Has-Been-Found-Why-Are-They-Keeping-Us-In-The-Dark-#.UqzqyiRM_Bc.facebook"
]
} | {
"url": [
"http://www.wyattmuseum.com/",
"http://jonah135588.wordpress.com/2008/10/22/deathbed-confession-of-ron-wyatt-discoverer-of-the-ark-of-the-covenant/",
"http://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22ron+wyatt%22&acc=off&wc=on&fc=off",
"http://i2.squidoocdn.com/resize/squidoo_... | test_askh | Looking for some information about this ''noah's ark'' site.
I found an article online, and was wondering if anybody had anymore information about it, could tell me how reliable this is etc... [Article](_URL_0_) | [
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1cwijw | What was the biggest man-made loss of life in single day in history? | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
"c9kne6c"
],
"text": [
"The largest I can think of is the Firebombing of Tokyo (Operation Meetinghouse) which killed about 100k people with some estimates placing it up to 200k killed. \n\nThe raid occurred on the night of the 9th/10th of March, 1945. \n\nThat was during WW2. For comparison,... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | test_askh | What was the biggest man-made loss of life in single day in history?
| [
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8fucgx | Hi, I was hoping that someone would be able to tell me what it was like for a deserter of the First Crusade when has returned home to the West? Particularly if there are records or any non elite members of society... or perhaps any information on William the Carpenter and other minor characters? | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
"dy6lps1"
],
"text": [
"In Western Europe there are very few specific records on non-elite members of society during the 11th and 12th centuries, even members of the lower elite such as knights are very rarely mentioned apart from a few lines in a chronicle, or a legal document.\n\nWith that b... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | test_askh | Hi, I was hoping that someone would be able to tell me what it was like for a deserter of the First Crusade when has returned home to the West? Particularly if there are records or any non elite members of society... or perhaps any information on William the Carpenter and other minor characters?
| [
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u4oom | What was the US Government's reaction to the Dust Bowl? | Obviously now there is an infrastructure in place to protect and support victims of natural disasters, but what was the protocol back then? | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
"c4sasnw"
],
"text": [
"The New Dealers generally to a regional approach to problem solving, hence the TVA and the Colombia River projects in the PNW. The Dust Bowl was treated similarly, with regional solutions though at times it was also incorporated into broader national programs like the s... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | test_askh | What was the US Government's reaction to the Dust Bowl?
Obviously now there is an infrastructure in place to protect and support victims of natural disasters, but what was the protocol back then? | [
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bh9auu | What did America do after the dust bowl | Today I was learning about the dust bowl, which horribly affected my state(Oklahoma). And during several road trips , dad tells me that most of the lakes I see aren't natural. Is this related, if so, what else did the U.S do to prevent another dust bowl. | AskHistorians | {
"a_id": [
"elrx4pm"
],
"text": [
"Agricultural practices changed in part by necessity. I can only speak to my experiences growing up on a wheat farm in Kansas with the generation that survived still around to tell us about it.\n\nThe weather in the 1920's had some impact on what happened later in the 1... | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | {
"url": []
} | test_askh | What did America do after the dust bowl
Today I was learning about the dust bowl, which horribly affected my state(Oklahoma). And during several road trips , dad tells me that most of the lakes I see aren't natural. Is this related, if so, what else did the U.S do to prevent another dust bowl. | [
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af1ilk | Do animals have historical agency? | Can we define cod, cattle, or capybaras as active agents in historical processes, or are humans unique in this sense? | AskHistorians | {
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"text": [
"Timothy Mitchell's book *Rule of Experts* has a well-known chapter that makes a semi-serious argument that mosquitoes have to be understood as agents in the history of mosquito-borne diseases, riparian agriculture, etc. In this, Mitchell is working a bit off an idea tha... | {
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} | {
"url": []
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} | test_askh | Do animals have historical agency?
Can we define cod, cattle, or capybaras as active agents in historical processes, or are humans unique in this sense? | [
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