paper_id stringlengths 2 9 | section_index int64 0 331 | file_index stringlengths 1 2 | file_offset int64 8.37k 6.95B | mag_field_of_study list | original_text stringlengths 95 4.82k | section_title stringlengths 6 27 | samples list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
8459342 | 0 | 61 | 4,897,662,645 | [
"Computer Science"
] | R EAL-WORLD optimization problems are often complex and NP-hard. Their modeling is continuously evolving in terms of constraints and objectives, and their resolution is CPU time consuming. Although near-optimal algorithms such as metaheuristics (generic heuristics) make it possible to reduce the temporal complexity of ... | INTRODUCTION | [
{
"text": "R EAL-WORLD optimization problems are often complex and NP-hard.",
"label": "non-check-worthy",
"original_text": "R EAL-WORLD optimization problems are often complex and NP-hard.",
"ref_ids": null,
"citation_text": null
},
{
"text": "Their modeling is continuously evolving in ... |
54715338 | 3 | 72 | 2,160,758,848 | [
"Biology"
] | Techniques of multivariate analysis are appropriate when each experimental unit provides a number of variables that need to be correlated and considered simultaneously (Liberato et al. 1993) . In plant pathology, multivariate techniques can be used mainly to determine the variability in isolates and identify genetic re... | INTRODUCTION | [
{
"text": "Techniques of multivariate analysis are appropriate when each experimental unit provides a number of variables that need to be correlated and considered simultaneously.",
"label": "check-worthy",
"original_text": "Techniques of multivariate analysis are appropriate when each experimental unit... |
38399181 | 0 | 19 | 3,354,880,809 | [
"Physics"
] | Orbit determination is typically divided into two phases. When the number of observations is equal to the number of unknowns, a nonlinear system of equations need to be solved. This problem is known as initial (or preliminary) orbit determination (IOD). When many more observations are taken over an orbit arc of adequat... | Introduction | [
{
"text": "Orbit determination is typically divided into two phases.",
"label": "non-check-worthy",
"original_text": "Orbit determination is typically divided into two phases.",
"ref_ids": null,
"citation_text": null
},
{
"text": "When the number of observations is equal to the number of... |
53053087 | 4 | 7 | 6,751,246,642 | [
"Engineering"
] | A feasible berthing assignment can be represented on a space-time graph as shown in Figure 2 . The vertical axis corresponds to the quay space within the quay boundary, while the horizontal axis represents berthing time within the planning horizon. Each rectangle represents a vessel berthing at the port. The height of ... | Introduction | [
{
"text": "A feasible berthing assignment can be represented on a space-time graph as shown in Figure 2 .",
"label": "non-check-worthy",
"original_text": "A feasible berthing assignment can be represented on a space-time graph as shown in Figure 2 .",
"ref_ids": null,
"citation_text": null
},
... |
7770571 | 21 | 46 | 2,266,567,091 | [
"Medicine"
] | Physical active behavior was largely associated with the intention to engage in physical activity for 60 minutes every day. Self-efficacy, descriptive norms and barriers were also relevant predictors. This corresponds with previous studies in which behavior was found to be largely predicted by intention [32, 42] . In o... | Discussion | [
{
"text": "Physical active behavior was largely associated with the intention to engage in physical activity for 60 minutes every day.",
"label": "non-check-worthy",
"original_text": "Physical active behavior was largely associated with the intention to engage in physical activity for 60 minutes every d... |
43784561 | 60 | 81 | 3,418,344,038 | [
"Computer Science"
] | An interesting follow-up is to use SEGO to develop several test cases concerning institutionalized events. For instance, in the meteorology domain, weather agencies have published the definitions of several weather events in their official glossaries. Future work should make the location of an inferred event more expli... | Conclusions and future work | [
{
"text": "An interesting follow-up is to use SEGO to develop several test cases concerning institutionalized events.",
"label": "non-check-worthy",
"original_text": "An interesting follow-up is to use SEGO to develop several test cases concerning institutionalized events.",
"ref_ids": null,
"ci... |
16442658 | 13 | 98 | 5,601,018,068 | [
"Medicine"
] | The primary bisphosphonate mechanism of action was the inhibition of osteoclastic bone resorption and the decrease in bone resorption [13, 14] . Some previous reports regarding the use of bisphosphonates in the treatment of ectopic calcifications also showed an anti-inflammatory effect and a significant reduction in th... | Discussion | [
{
"text": "The primary bisphosphonate mechanism of action was the inhibition of osteoclastic bone resorption and the decrease in bone resorption.",
"label": "check-worthy",
"original_text": "The primary bisphosphonate mechanism of action was the inhibition of osteoclastic bone resorption and the decreas... |
11607756 | 18 | 2 | 2,889,441,088 | [
"Medicine"
] | IPD constitutes the most extreme outcome of pneumococcal infection; infection with less-severe outcomes are undoubtedly much more common. Most of these infections, whether severe or otherwise, would be naturally immunizing and, as has been demonstrated by the efficacy of the pneumococcal vaccine, the protection conferr... | DISCUSSION | [
{
"text": "IPD constitutes the most extreme outcome of pneumococcal infection; infection with less-severe outcomes are undoubtedly much more common.",
"label": "non-check-worthy",
"original_text": "IPD constitutes the most extreme outcome of pneumococcal infection; infection with less-severe outcomes ar... |
17624853 | 15 | 61 | 3,590,974,889 | [
"Medicine"
] | Approximately 5-43% of patients with radical prostatectomy have positive surgical margins, and only 25-47% of them develop biochemical recurrence [25] . These observations suggest the utility of further subclassification of positive margins in order to identify patients with higher risks of recurrence. In our study, th... | Discussion | [
{
"text": "Approximately 5-43% of patients with radical prostatectomy have positive surgical margins, and only 25-47% of them develop biochemical recurrence.",
"label": "check-worthy",
"original_text": "Approximately 5-43% of patients with radical prostatectomy have positive surgical margins, and only 2... |
137638205 | 9 | 90 | 310,879,651 | [
"Materials Science"
] | At the opposite in the domain of low frequencies (i.e. long hold times), one can observe that the crack propagation rate is time dependent, which strongly indicates the influence o f environment. However one can observe different behaviors as a function of temperature and AK. At AK of 35 ( Fig. 5a ) and 25 MPaVm (Fig. ... | Results | [
{
"text": "At the opposite in the domain of low frequencies (i.e. long hold times), one can observe that the crack propagation rate is time dependent, which strongly indicates the influence o f environment.",
"label": "non-check-worthy",
"original_text": "At the opposite in the domain of low frequencies... |
137638205 | 18 | 90 | 310,879,651 | [
"Materials Science"
] | Another way o f reducing tensile stresses ahead o f the crack tip in a component under constant overall loading is to rapidly increase the temperature for a certain time, t, and to intermittently repeat the process. This possibility was also explored in Inco 718 [24, 25] . The applied temperature-load time cycle is sho... | Discussion | [
{
"text": "Another way o f reducing tensile stresses ahead o f the crack tip in a component under constant overall loading is to rapidly increase the temperature for a certain time, t, and to intermittently repeat the process.",
"label": "non-check-worthy",
"original_text": "Another way o f reducing ten... |
137638205 | 31 | 90 | 310,879,651 | [
"Materials Science"
] | The pure CCG rate of Inco 718 has been investigated by a number o f authors [5, 15, 29] . However, the test procedure used by these authors is completely different from ours. They start from a fatigue precrack and then maintain the load constant. This procedure does not allow investigating the initiation and the propag... | Introduction | [
{
"text": "The pure CCG rate of Inco 718 has been investigated by a number o f authors.",
"label": "check-worthy",
"original_text": "The pure CCG rate of Inco 718 has been investigated by a number o f authors [5, 15, 29] .",
"ref_ids": [
[
"BIBREF4",
"BIBREF14",
"BIBREF... |
137638205 | 26 | 90 | 310,879,651 | [
"Materials Science"
] | In this expression F is a numerical factor which is an increasing function of temperature. This factor is equal to 8.34.10-9 at 650°C for plane strain conditions [29] . In Eq. 3, t is in h, K in MPaVm, r in m, n is the exponent of the stationary creep law. In our material it was found that n ~ 13 at 600°C and n ~ 6 at ... | Introduction | [
{
"text": "In this expression F is a numerical factor which is an increasing function of temperature.",
"label": "non-check-worthy",
"original_text": "In this expression F is a numerical factor which is an increasing function of temperature.",
"ref_ids": null,
"citation_text": null
},
{
... |
7317506 | 29 | 90 | 4,978,902,065 | [
"Mathematics"
] | Thus, we have demonstrated the ASR to be an important contribution to this generation of reanalyses, particularly in its depiction of the greater Arctic region. For the analysis results, a comparison with observational data shows biases of 2 m temperature, 2 m dew-point, surface pressure and 10 m wind speeds that are c... | Conclusions | [
{
"text": "Thus, we have demonstrated the ASR to be an important contribution to this generation of reanalyses, particularly in its depiction of the greater Arctic region.",
"label": "non-check-worthy",
"original_text": "Thus, we have demonstrated the ASR to be an important contribution to this generati... |
16465131 | 0 | 66 | 5,874,799,808 | [
"Engineering"
] | The strapdown inertial navigation system (SDINS) algorithm comprises attitude updating, velocity updating, and position updating, among which attitude updating usually utilizes the rotation vector algorithm [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] . The procedure of the rotation vector algorithm is: first, divide the attitude updat... | Introduction | [
{
"text": "The strapdown inertial navigation system (SDINS) algorithm comprises attitude updating, velocity updating, and position updating, among which attitude updating usually utilizes the rotation vector algorithm.",
"label": "check-worthy",
"original_text": "The strapdown inertial navigation system... |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.