id
string
text
string
source
string
added
string
created
string
metadata
dict
PMC3053314
Introduction {#s1} ============ Ion channels are the fundamental elements underlying neuronal excitability and information transfer, inter- and intracellularly. These protein pores, found also in other excitable cell types, undergo fast conformational modifications (hereafter referred to as *channel gating*) induced b...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.658587
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053314/", "journal": "PLoS Comput Biol. 2011 Mar 10; 7(3):e1001102", "authors": [ { "first": "Daniele", "last": "Linaro" }, { "first":...
PMC3053315
Introduction {#s1} ============ Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common autoimmune disease that is characterized by inflammation and destruction of the joints [@pcbi.1001105-Scott1]. Inflammation is caused by the infiltration of inflammatory cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, B- and T-cells into the normally ace...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.663800
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053315/", "journal": "PLoS Comput Biol. 2011 Mar 10; 7(3):e1001105", "authors": [ { "first": "Heming", "last": "Xing" }, { "first": "P...
PMC3053316
Introduction {#s1} ============ The fact that survival and reproduction are sometimes a matter of luck rather than fitness, has arguably left many traces in the history of evolution [@pcbi.1002005-Nei1]--[@pcbi.1002005-Wagner1]. Random accidents in the reproductive process lead to sampling errors in the chain of gener...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.670816
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053316/", "journal": "PLoS Comput Biol. 2011 Mar 10; 7(3):e1002005", "authors": [ { "first": "Oskar", "last": "Hallatschek" } ] }
PMC3053317
Introduction {#s1} ============ Biochemical pathways and feedbacks in gene regulatory networks (GRNs) shape when and how much genes are expressed. Differential gene expression can lead to qualitative changes in cellular phenotypes, whether via alternative cell fate determination in unicellular organisms (e.g., compete...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.674501
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053317/", "journal": "PLoS Comput Biol. 2011 Mar 10; 7(3):e1002006", "authors": [ { "first": "Richard I.", "last": "Joh" }, { "first":...
PMC3053318
Introduction {#s1} ============ Transcriptional and translational regulatory networks control the phenotype of modern cells, regulating gene expression in response to changing environmental conditions and/or biological stimuli. It has been well established that intrinsic noise in gene regulation results from the discr...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.678446
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053318/", "journal": "PLoS Comput Biol. 2011 Mar 10; 7(3):e1002010", "authors": [ { "first": "Elijah", "last": "Roberts" }, { "first":...
PMC3053319
Introduction {#s1} ============ The Warburg effect, a phenomenon discovered by Otto Warburg in 1924, reflects a shift to an inefficient metabolism in cancer cells, in which an increase in the inefficient production of adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) via glycolysis leads to the secretion of non-oxidized carbons in the ...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.687751
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053319/", "journal": "PLoS Comput Biol. 2011 Mar 10; 7(3):e1002018", "authors": [ { "first": "Tomer", "last": "Shlomi" }, { "first": "...
PMC3053320
Introduction {#s1} ============ MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small non-coding RNAs which negatively regulate the protein production of their targets in metazoans and plants. They are expected to target a substantial portion of the human genome [@pcbi.1001101-Flynt1] and have been shown to play key roles in severa...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.690801
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053320/", "journal": "PLoS Comput Biol. 2011 Mar 10; 7(3):e1001101", "authors": [ { "first": "Matteo", "last": "Osella" }, { "first": ...
PMC3053348
Introduction {#s1} ============ Inflammation results from recognition of invading microorganisms through pathogen--associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and from reaction to tissue damage--associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) [@ppat.1001315-Gallucci1], [@ppat.1001315-Janeway1]. It is known that the innate immune syst...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.697272
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053348/", "journal": "PLoS Pathog. 2011 Mar 10; 7(3):e1001315", "authors": [ { "first": "Guglielmo", "last": "Sorci" }, { "first": "Gl...
PMC3053349
Introduction {#s1} ============ *Staphylococcus aureus* belongs to the normal human flora. About one in three healthy individuals are colonized asymptomatically with *S. aureus* in the nostrils without any associated disease. However, *S. aureus* is also a leading cause of hospital- and community-acquired infections w...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.701618
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053349/", "journal": "PLoS Pathog. 2011 Mar 10; 7(3):e1002006", "authors": [ { "first": "Brice", "last": "Felden" }, { "first": "Franç...
PMC3053350
Introduction {#s1} ============ Host cell invasion by apicomplexan parasites is a highly specialized feature of this phylum that is crucial to their survival in humans (*Toxoplasma gondii, Plasmodium spp.*, *Cryptosporidium spp.*) and animals (*Neospora caninum*, *Eimeria spp*.) [@ppat.1002007-Baum1], [@ppat.1002007-C...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.706805
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053350/", "journal": "PLoS Pathog. 2011 Mar 10; 7(3):e1002007", "authors": [ { "first": "Kurtis W.", "last": "Straub" }, { "first": "E...
PMC3053351
Introduction {#s1} ============ Natural killer (NK) cells are able to lyse infected or malignant cells without prior antigenic stimulation, and thus provide an important innate defense against infectious agents and tumors [@ppat.1001316-Lanier1], [@ppat.1001316-Parham1]. NK cell activation in primates is regulated in ...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.712874
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons Zero - Public Domain - https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053351/", "journal": "PLoS Pathog. 2011 Mar 10; 7(3):e1001316", "authors": [ { "first": "Arnaud D.", "last": "Colantonio" }, { ...
PMC3053352
Introduction {#s1} ============ To complete the early steps of infection, retroviral preintegation complexes (PICs) must access the nucleus of the infected cell and integrate the viral cDNA into host chromatin. Gammaretroviruses such as MLV require nuclear envelope breakdown during mitosis to access cellular chromosom...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.717585
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053352/", "journal": "PLoS Pathog. 2011 Mar 10; 7(3):e1001313", "authors": [ { "first": "Karen E.", "last": "Ocwieja" }, { "first": "T...
PMC3053353
Introduction {#s1} ============ Blood coagulation is a very complex but well-synchronized biochemical process by which blood forms a clot and the damaged blood vessel is sealed by a platelet-rich fibrin plug leading to hemostasis. Any damage to the vascular beds due to laceration of tissues exposes tissue factor from ...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.721602
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053353/", "journal": "PLoS Pathog. 2011 Mar 10; 7(3):e1001312", "authors": [ { "first": null, "last": "Anisuzzaman" }, { "first": "M. ...
PMC3053354
Introduction {#s1} ============ Leaf-cutting ants are conspicuous New-World herbivores comprised of ca. 45 species divided into two genera, *Atta* and *Acromyrmex*. They form the monophyletic crown group of the attine fungus-growing ants, capable of harvesting over half a ton per year of live vegetation per colony and...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.726043
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053354/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17506", "authors": [ { "first": "Isabel E.", "last": "Moller" }, { "first": "Henrik...
PMC3053355
Introduction {#s1} ============ The history of Venice, Italy is tightly linked to the ancient plague and particularly to the Second Pandemic, which originated in Europe with the Black Death in the mid-14th century. The commercial activity of the Venetian Republic facilitated trade and interactions with the Southern an...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.729056
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053355/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e16735", "authors": [ { "first": "Thi-Nguyen-Ny", "last": "Tran" }, { "first": "Mich...
PMC3053356
Introduction {#s1} ============ The prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes has increased dramatically in the past decades accompanied by an array of secondary health issues [@pone.0016729-Campbell1]. Both obesity and diabetes are features of the metabolic syndrome, which increases ones risk for cardiovascular disea...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.731353
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053356/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e16729", "authors": [ { "first": "Stela Z.", "last": "Berisha" }, { "first": "David"...
PMC3053357
Introduction {#s1} ============ The epidermis of a plant acts as a barrier to the outside world, providing a waterproof layer that prevents dehydration of internal tissues. The majority of plant epidermal surfaces are composed of essentially flat cells. The occurrence of protruding cells, particularly trichomes (hairs...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.736087
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053357/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17576", "authors": [ { "first": "Heather M.", "last": "Whitney" }, { "first": "Rosa...
PMC3053358
Introduction {#s1} ============ Small airway disease frequently occurs in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, and cystic fibrosis (CF) [@pone.0017588-Contoli1]. Despite lack of respiratory symptoms in *e.g.* adult smokers [@pone.0017588-Stanescu1], children with asthma [@pone.0017588-Gustafsson1] or CF [@po...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.738026
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053358/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17588", "authors": [ { "first": "Florian", "last": "Singer" }, { "first": "Georgett...
PMC3053359
Introduction {#s1} ============ Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are commonly known for their detrimental impacts on aquatic organisms (including marine mammals), human health, and also local economies. *Karenia brevis* blooms, often referred to as "Florida red tide", occur in the Gulf of Mexico (Florida, USA) on a nearly ...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.740519
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons Zero - Public Domain - https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053359/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17394", "authors": [ { "first": "Michael J.", "last": "Twiner" }, { "f...
PMC3053360
Introduction {#s1} ============ Dyslipidemia, a major systemic disorder, is one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases which are a major cause of morbidity and a leading contributor to mortality worldwide [@pone.0017326-Murray1]. It also includes developing countries, and among them in particul...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.747274
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053360/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17326", "authors": [ { "first": "Shuang", "last": "Wang" }, { "first": "Liang", ...
PMC3053361
Introduction {#s1} ============ There is widespread scientific agreement that coral reef ecosystems worldwide are being rapidly degraded [@pone.0017516-Knowlton1], [@pone.0017516-Hughes1]. Substantial declines in coral abundance are thought to have occurred in most coral reef regions [@pone.0017516-Pandolfi1] and cora...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.750006
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053361/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17516", "authors": [ { "first": "Kate", "last": "Osborne" }, { "first": "Andrew M."...
PMC3053362
Introduction {#s1} ============ Global warming is a classic "wicked problem." [@pone.0017571-Rittel1] Wicked problems have no easy solutions in that they are beyond the capacity of any one organization to solve, and there is disagreement among organizations about both the causes and the best means by which to solve th...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.753467
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053362/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17571", "authors": [ { "first": "Edward W.", "last": "Maibach" }, { "first": "Antho...
PMC3053363
Introduction {#s1} ============ HIV/AIDS emerged late in Thailand compared to other countries worldwide [@pone.0016902-Ruxrungtham1]. The first case was reported in 1984, although this was a returned emigrant who developed AIDS elsewhere [@pone.0016902-Thailand1]. A few more cases were reported in 1984--1988 between m...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.758895
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053363/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e16902", "authors": [ { "first": "Marcos", "last": "Pérez-Losada" }, { "first": "Dav...
PMC3053364
Introduction {#s1} ============ The chytrid fungus, *Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis* (Bd) [@pone.0016708-Longcore1], has been devastating amphibian populations globally [@pone.0016708-Daszak1], [@pone.0016708-Garner1], [@pone.0016708-DiRosa1], [@pone.0016708-Skerratt1], [@pone.0016708-Jones1], [@pone.0016708-Murray1],...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.762206
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053364/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e16708", "authors": [ { "first": "Vanessa C.", "last": "Kinney" }, { "first": "Jenni...
PMC3053365
Introduction {#s1} ============ Gene duplication followed by the fixation of a mutation providing a different function, is one of the major sources to create genetic novelty [@pone.0017512-Osada1]. The rate at which eukaryotic duplicated genes are retained, i.e., go to fixation, has been originally estimated to be 0.0...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.766175
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053365/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17512", "authors": [ { "first": "Micael", "last": "Reis" }, { "first": "Sofia", ...
PMC3053366
Introduction {#s1} ============ Ecosystems are facing ever increasing levels of human pressures which imperil the goods and services they provide to humanity. It is now recognized that both changes in environmental conditions (e.g., global warming) and modifications to biological communities (e.g., biodiversity erosio...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.771419
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053366/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17476", "authors": [ { "first": "David", "last": "Mouillot" }, { "first": "Sébastie...
PMC3053367
Introduction {#s1} ============ Patients without a spleen or with diminished splenic function are at risk of severe infections such as post-splenectomy sepsis (PSS), which carries a mortality of up to 70% [@pone.0017302-Holdsworth1], [@pone.0017302-Styrt1]. Patients can be protected from these infections if preventive...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.775432
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053367/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17302", "authors": [ { "first": "A. J. Jolanda", "last": "Lammers" }, { "first": "J...
PMC3053368
Introduction {#s1} ============ *Aspergillus nidulans* is a filamentous ascomycete that belongs to the subphylum of Pezizomycotina (previously known as Euascomycotina). Although only pathogenic for immunosupressed individuals, it is closely related to other Pezizomycetes of importance in the areas of medicine (e.g., *...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.779052
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053368/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17505", "authors": [ { "first": "Marc S.", "last": "Cortese" }, { "first": "Oier", ...
PMC3053369
Introduction {#s1} ============ Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by different species of protozoa of the genus *Leishmania* that are transmitted by Phlebotomine sandflies. It has traditionally been classified in three different clinical forms, visceral (VL), cutaneous (CL) and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL), which...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.788386
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053369/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17376", "authors": [ { "first": "Jayeeta", "last": "Roychoudhury" }, { "first": "Ro...
PMC3053370
Introduction {#s1} ============ Aromatic compounds are widely distributed in ecosystems mainly released from plant materials and by anthropogenic activities. Bacteria have evolved to metabolize diverse aromatic compounds including environmental pollutants, using these compounds as carbon and energy source. A broad ran...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.791777
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053370/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17583", "authors": [ { "first": "Valentina", "last": "Méndez" }, { "first": "Lorein...
PMC3053371
Introduction {#s1} ============ The prediction of a protein\'s function is one of the most valuable contributions of bioinformatics to biological research. Next to providing functional prediction for experimental design, the functional annotation of entire proteomes is nowadays a basic task of genome database provider...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.795132
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053371/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17568", "authors": [ { "first": "Charles Richard", "last": "Bradshaw" }, { "first":...
PMC3053372
Introduction {#s1} ============ Pain is a complex and multi-factorial [@pone.0017724-Julius1] trait and influenced by various and heterogeneous factors such as gender [@pone.0017724-Derbyshire1], genetic [@pone.0017724-Kim1] or environmental causes [@pone.0017724-Nielsen1]. Individual differences in pain responses [@p...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.801972
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053372/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17724", "authors": [ { "first": "Alexandra", "last": "Doehring" }, { "first": "Nele...
PMC3053373
Introduction {#s1} ============ The retinoblastoma tumor suppressor (Rb) plays crucial roles in development and homeostasis, and is commonly inactivated in human malignancies [@pone.0017682-Burkhart1], [@pone.0017682-Bremner1], [@pone.0017682-Jiang1]. Rb is a member of a family of proteins including p107 and p130 that...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.808280
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053373/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17682", "authors": [ { "first": "Giovanni", "last": "Ciavarra" }, { "first": "Andre...
PMC3053374
Introduction {#s1} ============ Acetylcholine (ACh) is the major peripheral neurotransmitter controlling the parasympathetic and the sympathetic autonomic nervous system as well as the somatic motor system. Moreover, the cholinergic system is thought to play key roles in many functions in the CNS, including the contro...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.812424
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053374/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17611", "authors": [ { "first": "Cristina", "last": "Martins-Silva" }, { "first": "...
PMC3053375
Introduction {#s1} ============ In developing countries, micronutrient deficiencies such as folic acid and vitamin B~12~ are common and associated with poor pregnancy outcomes, having long term health effects. The peri or post-conceptional period represents a sensitive window during which suboptimal maternal micronutr...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.816492
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053375/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17706", "authors": [ { "first": "Asmita", "last": "Kulkarni" }, { "first": "Kamini"...
PMC3053376
Introduction {#s1} ============ Invasive species offer useful models for studying rapid range expansion in novel environments, which can imply pre-adaptation, phenotypic plasticity or adaptation. Evolutionary aspects of biological invasions have long been neglected, with most past focus being on ecological aspects, bu...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.820278
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053376/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17658", "authors": [ { "first": "Myriam", "last": "Gaudeul" }, { "first": "Tatiana"...
PMC3053377
Introduction {#s1} ============ Identifying phenotypes of proteins is a central challenge of the modern genetics in post-genome era. The study on phenotypes always involves many major diseases, such as HIV [@pone.0017668-VanHoutte1], [@pone.0017668-Vasilev1], [@pone.0017668-Xu1], [@pone.0017668-Vermeiren1], [@pone.001...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.827567
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053377/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17668", "authors": [ { "first": "Lele", "last": "Hu" }, { "first": "Tao", "la...
PMC3053378
Introduction {#s1} ============ Bacteremia is a common disease associated with significant mortality [@pone.0017653-BrunBuisson1]. Early categorization of patients with different prognoses is difficult in the absence of a timely sensitive and specific biomarker. Although C-reactive protein (CRP) has been widely used a...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.830952
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053378/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17653", "authors": [ { "first": "Reetta", "last": "Huttunen" }, { "first": "Mikko",...
PMC3053379
Introduction {#s1} ============ The major contribution of the mitochondrion to plant growth and development is the production of energy [@pone.0017662-McBride1]. In some higher plants, the economic significance of mitochondria is boosted by its role in the determination of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS). To outline ...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.833597
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053379/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17662", "authors": [ { "first": "Jianmei", "last": "Chen" }, { "first": "Rongzhan",...
PMC3053380
Introduction {#s1} ============ During our studies of the antimicrobial activity of human milk, we identified a complex of alpha-lactalbumin (ALA) and oleic acid that induces apoptosis in tumor cells, without affecting healthy, differentiated cells [@pone.0017717-Hakansson1], [@pone.0017717-Svensson1]. The same comple...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.836382
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053380/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17717", "authors": [ { "first": "Anders P.", "last": "Hakansson" }, { "first": "Haz...
PMC3053381
Introduction {#s1} ============ Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a complex demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Although the initiating insult in MS remains unknown, it is clear that the pathology of MS involves complex interactions between many systems and cell types, including neurons, glia and both ...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.840155
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053381/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17727", "authors": [ { "first": "Michele D.", "last": "Binder" }, { "first": "Junhu...
PMC3053386
Introduction {#s1} ============ Direct, pair-wise (binary), physical protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are the foundation of all biological processes. Efforts to elucidate the interaction network of all proteins within a cell or organism --- termed the interactome --- has helped identify the architectural and functi...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.843590
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053386/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17701", "authors": [ { "first": "Young H.", "last": "Lim" }, { "first": "J. Michael...
PMC3053387
Introduction {#s1} ============ Previous reports indicated that bacterial genomic GC content ranges from 25 to 75% [@pone.0017677-Barbu1], [@pone.0017677-Belozersky1], [@pone.0017677-Sueoka1]. Based on this observation, Sueoka [@pone.0017677-Sueoka1],[@pone.0017677-Sueoka2] predicted that differences in GC content wou...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.847884
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053387/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17677", "authors": [ { "first": "John", "last": "Lightfield" }, { "first": "Noah R....
PMC3053388
Introduction {#s1} ============ The incidence of type 2 diabetes increases with age and one in five individuals are affected by the age of 60 [@pone.0017858-Prevention1]. The natural history of type 2 diabetes is progressive. In its early stages, type 2 diabetes manifests as impaired glucose tolerance and defective in...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.852148
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053388/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17858", "authors": [ { "first": "Nini", "last": "Guo" }, { "first": "Erin M.", ...
PMC3053389
Introduction {#s1} ============ The transfer of genetic information across normal mating barriers, also known as horizontal or lateral gene transfer (HGT), has long been recognized as one of the major forces driving prokaryote evolution, but has generally been seen as more limited in eukaryotic genomes [@pone.0017872-...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.855677
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053389/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17872", "authors": [ { "first": "Virginie", "last": "Galeote" }, { "first": "Frédér...
PMC3053390
Introduction {#s1} ============ Speciation is one of the central processes in evolution. Geographic isolation of previously interbreeding populations and their subsequent evolutionary divergence appear as one of the mechanisms that influence the emergence of reproductive barriers, and then could promote the creation o...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.859381
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053390/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17726", "authors": [ { "first": "Romain", "last": "Guyot" }, { "first": "Andrea", ...
PMC3053391
Introduction {#s1} ============ Human oncogenic herpesviruses such as Epstein--Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi\'s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) are closely linked to a variety of malignancies including nonkeratinizing nasopharyngeal carcinoma, gastric adenocarcinoma, Burkitt\'s lymphoma, Kaposi\'s sarcoma, primary...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.865394
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053391/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17809", "authors": [ { "first": "Yen-Ju", "last": "Chen" }, { "first": "Wan-Hua", ...
PMC3053392
Introduction {#s1} ============ Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) have enormous applications in regenerative medicine [@pone.0017771-Matsubayashi1], [@pone.0017771-Niklason1], [@pone.0017771-Oberpenning1]. Studies have demonstrated that smooth muscle-like cells (SMLCs) can be derived from bone marrow-[@pone.0017771...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.870009
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053392/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17771", "authors": [ { "first": "Helena", "last": "Vazão" }, { "first": "Ricardo Pi...
PMC3053393
Introduction {#s1} ============ The integration of information from several sensory modalities offers an enriched perception of the world and provides a more robust method for representing and recognizing objects. Multisensory integration increases information content and disambiguates information that might otherwise...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.874064
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053393/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17777", "authors": [ { "first": "Stephen Michael", "last": "Town" }, { "first": "Br...
PMC3053394
Introduction {#s1} ============ Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic granulomatous disease caused by *Paracoccidioides brasiliensis*, a termally dimorphic fungus widespread in Latin America mainly affecting rural workers [@pone.0017885-Visbal1]. PCM is the most prevalent systemic endemic mycosis in South America...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.877313
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053394/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17885", "authors": [ { "first": "Viviane C.", "last": "Fernandes" }, { "first": "Es...
PMC3053395
Introduction {#s1} ============ The grasses, the approximately 10,000 species in the family Poaceae, are one of the most ecologically and economically significant taxa on the planet. Comparative mapping of diverse grass species led to the conclusion that they are all similar in gene content and order [@pone.0017855-Ga...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.879823
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053395/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17855", "authors": [ { "first": "James C.", "last": "Schnable" }, { "first": "Micha...
PMC3053396
Introduction {#s1} ============ The recent identification of the Dermokine (*Dmkn*) gene came from different studies carried out to identify new genes specifically expressed during the late stage of epidermis differentiation [@pone.0017816-Matsui1], [@pone.0017816-Moffatt1], [@pone.0017816-Toulza1], [@pone.0017816-Baz...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.882763
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053396/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17816", "authors": [ { "first": "Emilie A.", "last": "Leclerc" }, { "first": "Leila...
PMC3053397
Introduction {#s1} ============ Transition metals, including Cu, Mn and Zn, have essential functions in plant growth and development [@pone.0017814-White1]. However, when present at high concentrations, these metals, along with non-essential metals including Cd and Pb, become phytotoxic and must be prevented from inte...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.885640
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053397/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17814", "authors": [ { "first": "Seosamh", "last": "Ó Lochlainn" }, { "first": "Hel...
PMC3053398
Introduction {#s1} ============ Cancer is a complex disease characterized by a number of genetic and epigenetic abnormalities. Patients associated with similar clinical and pathological parameters may have very different tumor profiles at the molecular level and may respond differently to treatment [@pone.0017845-Srli...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.888463
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053398/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17845", "authors": [ { "first": "Xi", "last": "Zhao" }, { "first": "Einar Andreas",...
PMC3053399
Introduction {#s1} ============ *Bordetella pertussis* is a human-specific pathogen that is the etiologic agent of whooping cough, an acute respiratory disease that is often particularly severe in infants [@pone.0017797-Mattoo1]. Universal immunization programs have contributed to a significant reduction in morbidity ...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.895183
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053399/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17797", "authors": [ { "first": "Hyun-Ja", "last": "Han" }, { "first": "Asaomi", ...
PMC3053400
Introduction {#s1} ============ The foundations of decision research, and hence its contemporary shape, have been strongly influenced by thinking from disciplines like economics. Human investors adjust their decisions according to partners on the basis of expected pay-offs. They are supposed to make rational decisions...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.898601
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053400/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17801", "authors": [ { "first": "Sophie", "last": "Steelandt" }, { "first": "Valéri...
PMC3053401
Introduction {#s1} ============ Liver cirrhosis is often complicated by an impaired renal capacity of maintaining water and sodium balance. Splanchnic arterial vasodilatation due to an increased release of endogenous vasodilators leads to compensatory activation of the endogenous vasoconstrictor systems: the sympathet...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.901500
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053401/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):e17891", "authors": [ { "first": "Berthold", "last": "Hocher" }, { "first": "Susi", ...
PMC3053402
The authors would like to add additional funding. When Drs. Suhel Parvez and Julietta U. Frey were added to the author byline, their support from DFG and Alexander-von-Humboldt Foundation should have also been included in the financial disclosure for this article. The Funding section should read: \"This work was suppor...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.906053
2011-3-01
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053402/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 1; 6(3):10.1371/annotation/8d9dd14e-08f6-4f7e-b881-ba2839724e23", "authors": [ { "first": "Thomas", "last":...
PMC3053403
There is an update to the fifth author\'s affiliation. Stephen S.-T. Yau\'s affiliation is: \"Department of mathematical sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P.R. China\" **Competing Interests:**No competing interests declared.
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.906431
2011-3-09
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053403/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 9; 6(3):10.1371/annotation/22351496-73dc-4205-9d9a-95a821ae74ca", "authors": [ { "first": "Mo", "last": "De...
PMC3053404
Figures 2A and 2B were mislabeled; the terms \"Low\" and \"High\" should be reversed. **Competing Interests:**No competing interests declared.
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.907088
2011-3-04
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053404/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 4; 6(3):10.1371/annotation/506974e6-6764-462c-b7d3-3cbd269c3d6c", "authors": [ { "first": "Joseph", "last":...
PMC3053405
There were errors in the Author Contributions. The correct contributions are: Conceived and designed the study: ST. Performed the study and contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: ST MB GB. Analyzed the data: ST. Wrote the paper: ST GB. **Competing Interests:**No competing interests declared.
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.907306
2011-3-09
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053405/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 9; 6(3):10.1371/annotation/45b0fa0e-071e-409e-be56-1004fcea0278", "authors": [ { "first": "Guillaume", "las...
PMC3053406
Figure 4 was replaced by Figure 3 in the published manuscript. Please view the correct Figure 4 here: ::: {#pone-ad8aa7d5-17c1-483d-8b69-610c8839bc3a-g001 .fig} ![](pone.ad8aa7d5-17c1-483d-8b69-610c8839bc3a.g001) ::: **Competing Interests:**No competing interests declared.
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.907521
2011-3-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053406/", "journal": "PLoS One. 2011 Mar 10; 6(3):10.1371/annotation/ad8aa7d5-17c1-483d-8b69-610c8839bc3a", "authors": [ { "first": "Magdalena", "la...
PMC3053445
[^1]: Academic Editor: Sergi Ferre
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.907830
2009-1-18
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053445/", "journal": "ScientificWorldJournal. 2009 Jan 18; 9:68-85", "authors": [ { "first": "Zhiguo", "last": "Nie" }, { "first": "Er...
PMC3053446
Classical repression by unliganded nuclear receptors {#sec0005} ==================================================== The first insights into how nuclear receptors repress transcription in the absence of their activating ligands were obtained through cloning of the corepressor proteins silencing mediator of retinoid an...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.908075
2011-3-1
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053446/", "journal": "Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2011 Mar; 22(3):87-93", "authors": [ { "first": "Guilherme M.", "last": "Santos" }, { "...
PMC3053447
Cell-to-cell spread of retroviruses {#s0005} =================================== Retroviruses are a diverse family of enveloped RNA viruses that encompass a number of medically important human pathogens including the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), which alone has accounted for approximately 25 million deaths worl...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.910183
2011-3-15
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053447/", "journal": "Virology. 2011 Mar 15; 411(2):251-259", "authors": [ { "first": "Clare", "last": "Jolly" } ] }
PMC3053476
Introduction ============ Quinolones are molecules structurally derived from the heterobicyclic aromatic compound quinoline, the name of which originated from the oily substance obtained after the alkaline distillation of quinine ([@b67]). Since the isolation of quinine from *Cinchona* bark in 1811, many other quinoli...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.913907
2010-8-25
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053476/", "journal": "FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2011 Mar 25; 35(2):247-274", "authors": [ { "first": "Stephan", "last": "Heeb" }, { "first":...
PMC3053477
INTRODUCTION ============ A diagnosis of cancer and its subsequent treatment may result in physical, emotional, psychological and spiritual distress that negatively impacts quality of life ([@b41]). This has been observed across cancer sites ([@b31]; [@b41]), patient characteristics ([@b16]; [@b41]) and countries ([@b...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.922103
2011-3-01
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053477/", "journal": "Eur J Cancer Care (Engl). 2011 Mar; 20(2):152-162", "authors": [ { "first": "ML", "last": "Carey" }, { "first": ...
PMC3053505
Design and development of drug compounds and new pharmaceutical formulations require full characterization of the chemical and physicochemical events occurring at the level of the single active ingredients or excipients, as well as following their reciprocal interaction. Thermal analysis techniques are among the most w...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.924984
2011-01-01
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053505/", "journal": "J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2011 Jan-Mar; 3(1):1-2", "authors": [ { "first": "Rosario", "last": "Pignatello" }, { "fi...
PMC3053506
Humans are constantly exposed to a variety of microorganisms, including the major groups, namely, bacteria, fungi (yeasts and molds), algae, protozoa, and viruses. Despite steadily improving public awareness and continued diagnostic and therapeutic advances, human race faces a continuous threat from microorganisms thro...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.926356
2011-01-01
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053506/", "journal": "J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2011 Jan-Mar; 3(1):101-108", "authors": [ { "first": "M.", "last": "Venkatesh" }, { "firs...
PMC3053507
Genetic testing is the use of laboratory tests to determine the genetic status of individuals already suspected to be at high risk for a particular genetic disorder based on family history or a positive screening test, and genetic testing and screening are similar in that both involve the use of laboratory tests to rev...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.929947
2011-01-01
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053507/", "journal": "J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2011 Jan-Mar; 3(1):109-112", "authors": [ { "first": "Rajiv", "last": "Saini" }, { "first...
PMC3053508
The *Salvadora persica* (Salvadoraceae) tree drives its Persian name, *Darakht-e-miswak* or tooth brush tree, from the fact that wood is much employed for the manufacturers of tooth brush. It is a large much-branched, evergreen shrub or a tree, found in the dry and arid regions of India, and on saline lands and in coas...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.931691
2011-01-01
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053508/", "journal": "J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2011 Jan-Mar; 3(1):113-117", "authors": [ { "first": "Jamal", "last": "Akhtar" }, { "firs...
PMC3053509
Animals undergoing external or internal challenge to their state of health mount a vigorous response including activation of both the innate and acquired immune systems. The innate immune system which covers those aspects of the host defense mechanisms not dependent on specific response, such as production of antibody,...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.933472
2011-01-01
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053509/", "journal": "J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2011 Jan-Mar; 3(1):118-127", "authors": [ { "first": "Sachin", "last": "Jain" }, { "first...
PMC3053510
Exposure of humans to excess nitrosating species from the diet, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, the environment or from overproduction of endogenous nitric oxide (NO) is commonly linked to mutagenic and carcinogenic events.\[[@CIT1][@CIT2]\] The reactive nitrogen species (RNS), which comprise of nitric oxide, dinitrogen tr...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.937999
2011-01-01
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053510/", "journal": "J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2011 Jan-Mar; 3(1):128-134", "authors": [ { "first": "Márcia", "last": "Pessêgo" }, { "fi...
PMC3053511
The slow but unremitting growth of pediatric audiology over the last five decades has culminated in the actuality of delivering services to the youngest and most vulnerable population. This makes preventive audiology a practicable and fundamental foray in current times. Early detection and intervention for hearing impa...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.940110
2011-01-01
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053511/", "journal": "J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2011 Jan-Mar; 3(1):135-141", "authors": [ { "first": "Katijah", "last": "Khoza-Shangase" }, { ...
PMC3053512
During the early stages of the human immunodeficiency virus / acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV / AIDS) pandemic, treatment strategies did not seem to have a positive influence on patients' lives, and therefore, hearing loss did not seem to be an important manifestation of HIV / AIDS that required characterizati...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.942664
2011-01-01
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053512/", "journal": "J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2011 Jan-Mar; 3(1):142-153", "authors": [ { "first": "Katijah", "last": "Khoza-Shangase" } ] }
PMC3053513
Impressive progress has been made in detecting and imaging structural properties of biological systems. Structure data, however, represent only the first step toward an understanding of physiological processes. A deeper insight into the functions of biological macromolecules and their supramolecular assemblies requires...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.948215
2011-01-01
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053513/", "journal": "J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2011 Jan-Mar; 3(1):15-38", "authors": [ { "first": "Antonio", "last": "Raudino" }, { "fir...
PMC3053514
Eclipse was observed in India on 15^th^ January, 2010. The solar eclipse of this day was an annular eclipse of the sun with a magnitude of 0.9190. A solar eclipse occurs when the moon passes between earth and the sun, thereby totally or partially obscuring earth's view of the sun. An annular solar eclipse occurs when t...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.959101
2011-01-01
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053514/", "journal": "J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2011 Jan-Mar; 3(1):154-157", "authors": [ { "first": "Amrita", "last": "Shriyan" }, { "fi...
PMC3053515
The incidence of yeast infections has increased in recentdecades,\[[@CIT1]\] while invasive infections by opportunistic *Candida* spp. have also been reported to have significant impact on human morbidity and mortality.\[[@CIT2]\] *Candida*, once considered as a minor pathogen,is now among the most commonly cultured pa...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.960731
2011-01-01
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053515/", "journal": "J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2011 Jan-Mar; 3(1):158-164", "authors": [ { "first": "Adenike A. O.", "last": "Ogunshe" }, { ...
PMC3053516
Good prescribing practice is an essential part of rational drug use.\[[@CIT1][@CIT2]\] A prescription audit, therefore, is a useful method to assess the doctors' contribution to rational use of drugs in a country. Different aspects of prescribing patterns in many institutions, in different countries like India,\[[@CIT3...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.963933
2011-01-01
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053516/", "journal": "J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2011 Jan-Mar; 3(1):165-169", "authors": [ { "first": "Hettihewa L", "last": "Menik" }, { ...
PMC3053517
Sir, Periodontitis is a destructive inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of the teeth and is caused either by specific microorganisms or by a group of specific microorganisms, resulting in progressive destruction of periodontal ligament and alveolar bone with periodontal pocket formation, gingival recession,...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.965904
2011-01-01
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053517/", "journal": "J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2011 Jan-Mar; 3(1):170a", "authors": [ { "first": "Rajiv", "last": "Saini" } ] }
PMC3053518
Sir, This clinical report describes the prosthetic rehabilitation of an edentulous patient,who was dissatisfied from her 8-year-old denture. To give her a better fit, we opted Biofunctional Prosthetic System (BPS) for the new prosthesis. BPS is the system designed to work with the body in a biologically harmonious way...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.966604
2011-01-01
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053518/", "journal": "J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2011 Jan-Mar; 3(1):170b-172", "authors": [ { "first": "Vandana", "last": "Saini" }, { "fi...
PMC3053519
New Delhi, India, August 30, 2010 - The Journal of Pharmacy and BioAllied Sciences (JPBS) today announced the launch of a special issue on Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) Disaster Management,, edited by Dr. Rakesh Kumar Sharma, Scientist 'G', Additional Director and Head, CBRN Defence, Institute ...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.967303
2011-01-01
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053519/", "journal": "J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2011 Jan-Mar; 3(1):3", "authors": [ { "first": "Himanshu", "last": "Gupta" } ] }
PMC3053520
Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), is a straight forward, non-perturbing technique, first developed in the early1960s. This method measures the thermodynamic properties of thermally induced transitions and has been applied to a variety of biological macromolecules such as lipids or proteins.\[[@CIT1][@CIT2]\] Exa...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.967795
2011-01-01
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053520/", "journal": "J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2011 Jan-Mar; 3(1):39-59", "authors": [ { "first": "Michael H.", "last": "Chiu" }, { "fir...
PMC3053521
Drug-biomembrane Interaction Studies in Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research {#sec1-1} ============================================================================== The human body possesses a variety of biomembranes, whose functions range from protecting tissues and cells from foreign molecules, and to select the c...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.978006
2011-01-01
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053521/", "journal": "J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2011 Jan-Mar; 3(1):4-14", "authors": [ { "first": "R.", "last": "Pignatello" }, { "first"...
PMC3053522
In recent years, a large number of studies have been directed to the evaluation of the action of antimicrobial peptide (AMP) on target pathogens, due to the huge increase in pathogenic microorganisms multiresistant to conventional antibiotics.\[[@CIT1]--[@CIT6]\] In this scenario, substantial efforts are being devoted ...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.982976
2011-01-01
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053522/", "journal": "J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2011 Jan-Mar; 3(1):60-69", "authors": [ { "first": "Regina", "last": "Adão" }, { "first":...
PMC3053523
Important biological mechanisms like chromatin function, as well as biomedical applications involving liposomal carriers for DNA delivery for clinical use in gene therapy, are based upon the incorporation of nucleic acids within lipid membranes.\[[@CIT1]--[@CIT4]\] Lipoplexes, that is, complexes of lipids with DNA that...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.987193
2011-01-01
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053523/", "journal": "J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2011 Jan-Mar; 3(1):70-76", "authors": [ { "first": "Sarantis", "last": "Giatrellis" }, { ...
PMC3053524
Biological membranes are constituted by lipid bilayers as their basic structure. Lipid bilayers, which are sheet-like assemblies of amphiphilic lipid molecules held together by hydrophobic interactions between their acyl chains, form the boundaries between intracellular cytoplasm and the cell's outside environment, as ...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.990714
2011-01-01
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053524/", "journal": "J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2011 Jan-Mar; 3(1):77-88", "authors": [ { "first": "Maria Grazia", "last": "Sarpietro" }, { ...
PMC3053525
In the last two decades, mucoadhesion has shown renewed interest for prolonging the residence time of mucoadhesive dosage forms through various mucosal routes in drug delivery applications. Mucoadhesive-based topical and local systems have shown enhanced bioavailability. Mucoadhesive drug delivery gives rapid absorptio...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:19.995953
2011-01-01
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053525/", "journal": "J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2011 Jan-Mar; 3(1):89-100", "authors": [ { "first": "Rahamatullah", "last": "Shaikh" }, { ...
PMC3053586
Background ========== Although bone possesses great intrinsic potential for regeneration and repair, impaired healing response (delayed union/non-union) following a fracture has been reported to range between 5-10% \[[@B1]\]. Several factors have been associated with non-union of fractures including poor mechanical st...
PubMed Central
2024-06-05T04:04:20.001272
2011-2-10
{ "license": "Creative Commons - Attribution - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053586/", "journal": "BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2011 Feb 10; 12:44", "authors": [ { "first": "Rozalia", "last": "Dimitriou" }, { "firs...