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{ "id": 1, "lower_text": [ "1 The word “BENGAL” was omitted by section 3 and 2nd Schedule of the Bangladesh Laws (Revision And Declaration) Act, 1973 (Act No. VIII of 1973).", "2 The word “Provincial” was omitted by section 3 and 2nd Schedule of the Bangladesh Laws (Revision And Declaration) Act, 1973 (Act...
{ "id": 2, "lower_text": [], "name": "The Public Accountant's Default Act, 1850", "num_of_sections": 6, "published_date": "22nd March, 1850", "related_act": [], "repelled": false, "sections": [ { "act_id": 2, "details": "1. Every public accountant shall give security for the due discharg...
{ "id": 3, "lower_text": [], "name": "The Judicial Officer's Protection Act, 1850", "num_of_sections": 1, "published_date": "4th April, 1850", "related_act": [], "repelled": false, "sections": [ { "act_id": 3, "details": "1. No Judge, Magistrate, Justice of the Peace, Collector or other ...
{ "id": 4, "lower_text": [ "1 The word \"Bangladesh\" was substituted, for the word \"Pakistan\" by section 3 and 2nd Schedule of the Bangladesh Laws (Revision And Declaration) Act, 1973 (Act No. VIII of 1973)", "2 The words “in the service of the Republic” were substituted, for the words “in the service of...
{ "id": 5, "lower_text": [ "1 The words “This Act extends to the whole of Bangladesh” were substituted, for section 1A by section 3 and 2nd Schedule of the Bangladesh Laws (Revision And Declaration) Act, 1973 (Act No. VIII of 1973)", "2 The word “Provincial” was omitted by section 3 and 2nd Schedule of the ...
{ "id": 6, "lower_text": [], "name": "The Legal Representative Suits Act, 1855", "num_of_sections": 2, "published_date": "27th March, 1855", "related_act": [], "repelled": false, "sections": [ { "act_id": 6, "details": "1. An action may be maintained by the executors, administrators or r...
{ "id": 7, "lower_text": [], "name": "The Fatal Accidents Act, 1855", "num_of_sections": 4, "published_date": "27th March, 1855", "related_act": [], "repelled": false, "sections": [ { "act_id": 7, "details": "1. Whenever the death of a person shall be caused by wrongful act, neglect or d...
{ "id": 8, "lower_text": [], "name": "The Bills of Lading Act, 1856", "num_of_sections": 3, "published_date": "11th April, 1856", "related_act": [], "repelled": false, "sections": [ { "act_id": 8, "details": "1. Every consignee of goods named in a bill of lading, and every endorsee of a ...
{ "id": 9, "lower_text": [ "1 The words “established in the territories in the possession and under the Government of East India Company” were omitted by section 3 and 2nd Schedule of the Bangladesh Laws (Revision And Declaration) Act, 1973 (Act No. VIII of 1973)" ], "name": "The Hindu Widow's Re-marriage A...
{ "id": 10, "lower_text": [ "1 Sections 3 and 3A were substituted, for section 3 by section 2 of the Societies Registration (Amendment) Ordinance, 1978 (Ordinance No. XXXIII of 1978)", "2 The clause was added by section 3 of the Societies Registration (Amendment) Ordinance, 1978 (Ordinance No. XXXIII of 197...
{ "id": 12, "lower_text": [ "1 Throughout this Act, except otherwise provided, the words “Government” and “Taka” were substituted, for the words “Provincial Government” and “rupees” respectively by section 3 and 2nd Schedule of the Bangladesh Laws (Revision And Declaration) Act, 1973 (Act No. VIII of 1973).", ...
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Exploring Possibilities of AI-Powered Legal Assistance in Bangladesh through Large Language Modeling

  • Authors: Azmine Toushik Wasi, Wahid Faisal, Mst Rafia Islam, Mahathir M Bappy
  • arXiv : https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.17210
  • The GPT2-UKIL-EN model is freely available in Hugging Face with DOI: 10.57967/hf/3233 with ciol-research/GPT2-UKILv1.
  • The UKIL-DB-EN dataset is freely available in Hugging Face with DOI: 10.57967/hf/3235 with ciol-research/UKIL-DB-EN.

Abstract: Bangladesh's legal system struggles with major challenges like delays, complexity, high costs, and millions of unresolved cases, which deter many from pursuing legal action due to lack of knowledge or financial constraints. This research seeks to develop a specialized Large Language Model (LLM) to assist in the Bangladeshi legal system. We created UKIL-DB-EN, an English corpus of Bangladeshi legal documents, by collecting and scraping data on various legal acts. We fine-tuned the GPT-2 model on this dataset to develop GPT2-UKIL-EN`, an LLM focused on providing legal assistance in English. The model was rigorously evaluated using semantic assessments, including case studies supported by expert opinions. The evaluation provided promising results, demonstrating the potential for the model to assist in legal matters within Bangladesh. Our work represents the first structured effort toward building an AI-based legal assistant for Bangladesh. While the results are encouraging, further refinements are necessary to improve the model's accuracy, credibility, and safety. This is a significant step toward creating a legal AI capable of serving the needs of a population of 180 million.


Cite as:

@misc{wasi2024exploringpossibilitiesaipoweredlegal,
      title={Exploring Possibilities of AI-Powered Legal Assistance in Bangladesh through Large Language Modeling}, 
      author={Azmine Toushik Wasi and Wahid Faisal and Mst Rafia Islam and Mahathir Mohammad Bappy},
      year={2024},
      eprint={2410.17210},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={cs.CL},
      url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.17210}, 
}
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