Chatbot Arena Meets Nuggets: Towards Explanations and Diagnostics in the Evaluation of LLM Responses
Paper • 2504.20006 • Published
model_a stringclasses 11
values | model_b stringclasses 11
values | winner stringclasses 4
values | judge stringlengths 64 64 | turn int64 1 1 | language stringclasses 15
values | timestamp timestamp[ns]date 2025-03-18 17:28:58 2025-04-13 15:57:57 | messages_a listlengths 2 2 | messages_b listlengths 2 8 | system_a_metadata dict | system_b_metadata dict | conv_metadata dict | question_id int64 0 7k | nugget_documents listlengths 52 52 | scored_nuggets listlengths 1 30 | assigned_nuggets_a listlengths 1 30 | assigned_nuggets_b listlengths 1 30 | nugget_metrics_a dict | nugget_metrics_b dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
api-gpt-4o-mini-search | api-gpt-4o-search | tie | ab373ba670eade9a357b075a9625272238821caa415ee6012607bf98839bba76 | 1 | English | 2025-03-18T17:28:58.245000 | [
{
"content": "who is ion vlad-doru?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Ion Vlad-Doru is a Senior Staff Software Engineer at Google, with a strong background in distributed systems and computer science. He holds both a Master of Science and a Bachelor of Science degree from the University of Bucharest... | [
{
"content": "who is ion vlad-doru?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Vlad-Doru Ion is a Senior Staff Software Engineer at Google, with a strong background in distributed systems and computer science. He holds both a Master of Science and a Bachelor of Science degree from the University of Bucharest... | {
"citation_format_standardized": false,
"client_country": null,
"llm_config": {
"name": "gpt-4o-mini-search-preview",
"params": {
"max_completion_tokens": 4000,
"max_output_tokens": null,
"max_tokens": null,
"temperature": null,
"top_p": null,
"web_search_options": {
... | {
"citation_format_standardized": false,
"client_country": null,
"llm_config": {
"name": "gpt-4o-search-preview",
"params": {
"max_completion_tokens": 4000,
"max_output_tokens": null,
"max_tokens": null,
"temperature": null,
"top_p": null,
"web_search_options": {
... | {
"cites_academic_journal_a": 0,
"cites_academic_journal_b": 0,
"cites_community_blog_a": 0,
"cites_community_blog_b": 0,
"cites_foreign_news_a": 0,
"cites_foreign_news_b": 0,
"cites_gov_edu_a": 0,
"cites_gov_edu_b": 0,
"cites_map_a": 0,
"cites_map_b": 0,
"cites_other_a": 1,
"cites_other_b": 1,
... | 0 | [
{
"docid": "b",
"segment": "Vlad-Doru Ion is a Senior Staff Software Engineer at Google, with a strong background in distributed systems and computer science. He holds both a Master of Science and a Bachelor of Science degree from the University of Bucharest. His professional journey includes roles such as ... | [
{
"importance": "vital",
"text": "Senior Staff Software Engineer at Google"
},
{
"importance": "vital",
"text": "Expert in distributed systems and computer science"
},
{
"importance": "okay",
"text": "Focused on core cloud engineering"
},
{
"importance": "okay",
"text": "... | [
{
"assignment": "support",
"importance": "vital",
"text": "Senior Staff Software Engineer at Google"
},
{
"assignment": "support",
"importance": "vital",
"text": "Expert in distributed systems and computer science"
},
{
"assignment": "support",
"importance": "okay",
"text... | [
{
"assignment": "support",
"importance": "vital",
"text": "Senior Staff Software Engineer at Google"
},
{
"assignment": "support",
"importance": "vital",
"text": "Expert in distributed systems and computer science"
},
{
"assignment": "support",
"importance": "okay",
"text... | {
"all_score": 1,
"qid": 0,
"strict_all_score": 1,
"strict_vital_score": 1,
"vital_score": 1
} | {
"all_score": 1,
"qid": 0,
"strict_all_score": 1,
"strict_vital_score": 1,
"vital_score": 1
} |
ppl-sonar-pro | api-gpt-4o-search | model_b | 7c0a01dbf51923a007e1bed9db6755fd0b728b888d2e050df98570da8269798f | 1 | English | 2025-03-18T17:29:01.444000 | [{"content":"What is the exact age difference (years, months, days) between the actors who played th(...TRUNCATED) | [{"content":"What is the exact age difference (years, months, days) between the actors who played th(...TRUNCATED) | {"citation_format_standardized":false,"client_country":null,"llm_config":{"name":"sonar-pro","params(...TRUNCATED) | {"citation_format_standardized":false,"client_country":null,"llm_config":{"name":"gpt-4o-search-prev(...TRUNCATED) | {"cites_academic_journal_a":0,"cites_academic_journal_b":0,"cites_community_blog_a":0,"cites_communi(...TRUNCATED) | 1 | [{"docid":"b","segment":"Patrick Swayze was born on August 18, 1952, and Jennifer Grey was born on M(...TRUNCATED) | [{"importance":"vital","text":"Exact age difference: 7 years, 7 months, 8 days"},{"importance":"okay(...TRUNCATED) | [{"assignment":"not_support","importance":"vital","text":"Exact age difference: 7 years, 7 months, 8(...TRUNCATED) | [{"assignment":"support","importance":"vital","text":"Exact age difference: 7 years, 7 months, 8 day(...TRUNCATED) | {"all_score":0.6666666666666666,"qid":1,"strict_all_score":0.6666666666666666,"strict_vital_score":0(...TRUNCATED) | {
"all_score": 1,
"qid": 1,
"strict_all_score": 1,
"strict_vital_score": 1,
"vital_score": 1
} |
ppl-sonar-reasoning | ppl-sonar-pro | model_b | 60c987c27eed1512988bec39497011f3a35e4bb1a008649781cbf72befa9abe8 | 1 | English | 2025-03-18T17:29:57.137000 | [{"content":"Why is the Delta between o1 and 4o so much bigger than sonnet and sonnet thinking","rol(...TRUNCATED) | [{"content":"Why is the Delta between o1 and 4o so much bigger than sonnet and sonnet thinking","rol(...TRUNCATED) | {"citation_format_standardized":false,"client_country":null,"llm_config":{"name":"sonar-reasoning","(...TRUNCATED) | {"citation_format_standardized":false,"client_country":null,"llm_config":{"name":"sonar-pro","params(...TRUNCATED) | {"cites_academic_journal_a":0,"cites_academic_journal_b":0,"cites_community_blog_a":1,"cites_communi(...TRUNCATED) | 2 | [{"docid":"a","segment":"The performance gap between OpenAI's **o1** and **GPT-4o** is significantly(...TRUNCATED) | [{"importance":"vital","text":"o1 uses explicit chain-of-thought (CoT) training for reasoning tasks"(...TRUNCATED) | [{"assignment":"support","importance":"vital","text":"o1 uses explicit chain-of-thought (CoT) traini(...TRUNCATED) | [{"assignment":"not_support","importance":"vital","text":"o1 uses explicit chain-of-thought (CoT) tr(...TRUNCATED) | {"all_score":0.9166666666666666,"qid":2,"strict_all_score":0.9166666666666666,"strict_vital_score":1(...TRUNCATED) | {"all_score":0.625,"qid":2,"strict_all_score":0.3333333333333333,"strict_vital_score":0.285714285714(...TRUNCATED) |
ppl-sonar-reasoning | ppl-sonar-pro | model_a | 3162b94e8c57965281b33f7d8597cc04119dfea2e4bd61978f233d4abdd410c8 | 1 | Russian | 2025-03-18T17:30:02.763000 | [{"content":"Походження, еволюція та зміст поняття „культур(...TRUNCATED) | [{"content":"Походження, еволюція та зміст поняття „культур(...TRUNCATED) | {"citation_format_standardized":false,"client_country":null,"llm_config":{"name":"sonar-reasoning","(...TRUNCATED) | {"citation_format_standardized":false,"client_country":null,"llm_config":{"name":"sonar-pro","params(...TRUNCATED) | {"cites_academic_journal_a":0,"cites_academic_journal_b":0,"cites_community_blog_a":0,"cites_communi(...TRUNCATED) | 3 | [{"docid":"b","segment":"Поняття \"культура\" має довгу історію роз(...TRUNCATED) | [{"importance":"vital","text":"Культура — сукупність матеріальних, (...TRUNCATED) | [{"assignment":"support","importance":"vital","text":"Культура — сукупність ма(...TRUNCATED) | [{"assignment":"partial_support","importance":"vital","text":"Культура — сукупніс(...TRUNCATED) | {"all_score":0.5681818181818182,"qid":3,"strict_all_score":0.4090909090909091,"strict_vital_score":0(...TRUNCATED) | {"all_score":0.6363636363636364,"qid":3,"strict_all_score":0.5,"strict_vital_score":0.36363636363636(...TRUNCATED) |
api-gpt-4o-mini-search | api-gpt-4o-search | model_b | a3b79e6ff635348d8a05a7a8aaca2ba71f96f67f48a83264ce09260c29a76131 | 1 | English | 2025-03-18T17:30:02.917000 | [{"content":"Potatoes","role":"user"},{"content":"Potatoes are versatile tubers that have become a s(...TRUNCATED) | [{"content":"Potatoes","role":"user"},{"content":"Potatoes are a versatile and widely consumed veget(...TRUNCATED) | {"citation_format_standardized":false,"client_country":null,"llm_config":{"name":"gpt-4o-mini-search(...TRUNCATED) | {"citation_format_standardized":false,"client_country":null,"llm_config":{"name":"gpt-4o-search-prev(...TRUNCATED) | {"cites_academic_journal_a":0,"cites_academic_journal_b":0,"cites_community_blog_a":0,"cites_communi(...TRUNCATED) | 4 | [{"docid":"b","segment":"Potatoes are a versatile and widely consumed vegetable, offering a variety (...TRUNCATED) | [{"importance":"vital","text":"Potatoes are tubers and a staple food worldwide"},{"importance":"vita(...TRUNCATED) | [{"assignment":"support","importance":"vital","text":"Potatoes are tubers and a staple food worldwid(...TRUNCATED) | [{"assignment":"partial_support","importance":"vital","text":"Potatoes are tubers and a staple food (...TRUNCATED) | {"all_score":0.5689655172413793,"qid":4,"strict_all_score":0.4482758620689655,"strict_vital_score":0(...TRUNCATED) | {"all_score":0.4827586206896552,"qid":4,"strict_all_score":0.41379310344827586,"strict_vital_score":(...TRUNCATED) |
ppl-sonar-pro | api-gpt-4o-search | tie (bothbad) | f331b6d376ba7be6601c711a2c260771928046d112b74a4847f12e49ba7f046b | 1 | Russian | 2025-03-18T17:30:16.376000 | [{"content":"мне нужно найти инструкцию по сборке SR6 от Tempest MA(...TRUNCATED) | [{"content":"мне нужно найти инструкцию по сборке SR6 от Tempest MA(...TRUNCATED) | {"citation_format_standardized":false,"client_country":null,"llm_config":{"name":"sonar-pro","params(...TRUNCATED) | {"citation_format_standardized":false,"client_country":null,"llm_config":{"name":"gpt-4o-search-prev(...TRUNCATED) | {"cites_academic_journal_a":0,"cites_academic_journal_b":0,"cites_community_blog_a":0,"cites_communi(...TRUNCATED) | 5 | [{"docid":"b","segment":"К сожалению, я не смог найти в открытых ис(...TRUNCATED) | [{"importance":"vital","text":"Инструкция по сборке SR6 Tempest MAx в PDF в от(...TRUNCATED) | [{"assignment":"support","importance":"vital","text":"Инструкция по сборке SR6 Tem(...TRUNCATED) | [{"assignment":"support","importance":"vital","text":"Инструкция по сборке SR6 Tem(...TRUNCATED) | {"all_score":0.875,"qid":5,"strict_all_score":0.75,"strict_vital_score":0.6666666666666666,"vital_sc(...TRUNCATED) | {
"all_score": 0.625,
"qid": 5,
"strict_all_score": 0.625,
"strict_vital_score": 1,
"vital_score": 1
} |
api-gpt-4o-mini-search | ppl-sonar | model_b | 6daa2bcd697b075a81521cfe4af10705e94f8db3d06a949c9b265098594aff35 | 1 | English | 2025-03-18T17:30:16.606000 | [{"content":"is the sun a second generation star","role":"user"},{"content":"The Sun is considered a(...TRUNCATED) | [{"content":"is the sun a second generation star","role":"user"},{"content":"The classification of t(...TRUNCATED) | {"citation_format_standardized":false,"client_country":null,"llm_config":{"name":"gpt-4o-mini-search(...TRUNCATED) | {"citation_format_standardized":false,"client_country":null,"llm_config":{"name":"sonar","params":{"(...TRUNCATED) | {"cites_academic_journal_a":0,"cites_academic_journal_b":0,"cites_community_blog_a":0,"cites_communi(...TRUNCATED) | 6 | [{"docid":"b","segment":"The classification of the Sun as a second-generation star is somewhat nuanc(...TRUNCATED) | [{"importance":"vital","text":"The Sun is a Population I star, rich in heavy elements"},{"importance(...TRUNCATED) | [{"assignment":"not_support","importance":"vital","text":"The Sun is a Population I star, rich in he(...TRUNCATED) | [{"assignment":"support","importance":"vital","text":"The Sun is a Population I star, rich in heavy (...TRUNCATED) | {
"all_score": 0.5,
"qid": 6,
"strict_all_score": 0.3,
"strict_vital_score": 0.4,
"vital_score": 0.6
} | {
"all_score": 0.7,
"qid": 6,
"strict_all_score": 0.6,
"strict_vital_score": 0.8,
"vital_score": 0.9
} |
ppl-sonar | api-gpt-4o-search | model_a | 22e07350737f96c731d01325f19bf8127da994d54c4587b243c85f05b2f5fed8 | 1 | English | 2025-03-18T17:30:19.668000 | [{"content":"Find this \"Ready to Use Booking App Template\" FlutterFlow template on thr Internet. I(...TRUNCATED) | [{"content":"Find this \"Ready to Use Booking App Template\" FlutterFlow template on thr Internet. I(...TRUNCATED) | {"citation_format_standardized":false,"client_country":null,"llm_config":{"name":"sonar","params":{"(...TRUNCATED) | {"citation_format_standardized":false,"client_country":null,"llm_config":{"name":"gpt-4o-search-prev(...TRUNCATED) | {"cites_academic_journal_a":0,"cites_academic_journal_b":0,"cites_community_blog_a":0,"cites_communi(...TRUNCATED) | 7 | [{"docid":"a","segment":"The \"Ready-to-Use Booking App Template\" for FlutterFlow appears to be ava(...TRUNCATED) | [{"importance":"vital","text":"Booky - Booking Service App is a FlutterFlow booking template"},{"imp(...TRUNCATED) | [{"assignment":"not_support","importance":"vital","text":"Booky - Booking Service App is a FlutterFl(...TRUNCATED) | [{"assignment":"support","importance":"vital","text":"Booky - Booking Service App is a FlutterFlow b(...TRUNCATED) | {
"all_score": 0,
"qid": 7,
"strict_all_score": 0,
"strict_vital_score": 0,
"vital_score": 0
} | {
"all_score": 1,
"qid": 7,
"strict_all_score": 1,
"strict_vital_score": 1,
"vital_score": 1
} |
api-gpt-4o-search | api-gpt-4o-mini-search | tie | 68838ad7a0ca3c66555577fba4aa49d9db124733e4bdea71bd317b23355eb4d2 | 1 | English | 2025-03-18T17:30:34.621000 | [{"content":"please name 5 roads","role":"user"},{"content":"Certainly! Here are five notable roads:(...TRUNCATED) | [{"content":"please name 5 roads","role":"user"},{"content":"Certainly! Here are five notable roads (...TRUNCATED) | {"citation_format_standardized":false,"client_country":null,"llm_config":{"name":"gpt-4o-search-prev(...TRUNCATED) | {"citation_format_standardized":false,"client_country":null,"llm_config":{"name":"gpt-4o-mini-search(...TRUNCATED) | {"cites_academic_journal_a":0,"cites_academic_journal_b":0,"cites_community_blog_a":0,"cites_communi(...TRUNCATED) | 8 | [{"docid":"b","segment":"Certainly! Here are five notable roads from around the world:\n\n1. **Great(...TRUNCATED) | [{"importance":"vital","text":"Rathausstraße: central Berlin street"},{"importance":"vital","text":(...TRUNCATED) | [{"assignment":"not_support","importance":"vital","text":"Rathausstraße: central Berlin street"},{"(...TRUNCATED) | [{"assignment":"not_support","importance":"vital","text":"Rathausstraße: central Berlin street"},{"(...TRUNCATED) | {
"all_score": 0,
"qid": 8,
"strict_all_score": 0,
"strict_vital_score": 0,
"vital_score": 0
} | {
"all_score": 0,
"qid": 8,
"strict_all_score": 0,
"strict_vital_score": 0,
"vital_score": 0
} |
api-gpt-4o-search | api-gpt-4o-mini-search | tie | ab373ba670eade9a357b075a9625272238821caa415ee6012607bf98839bba76 | 1 | English | 2025-03-18T17:31:06.494000 | [{"content":"who won the last ballon dor?","role":"user"},{"content":"The most recent Ballon d'Or aw(...TRUNCATED) | [{"content":"who won the last ballon dor?","role":"user"},{"content":"The most recent Ballon d'Or wa(...TRUNCATED) | {"citation_format_standardized":false,"client_country":null,"llm_config":{"name":"gpt-4o-search-prev(...TRUNCATED) | {"citation_format_standardized":false,"client_country":null,"llm_config":{"name":"gpt-4o-mini-search(...TRUNCATED) | {"cites_academic_journal_a":0,"cites_academic_journal_b":0,"cites_community_blog_a":0,"cites_communi(...TRUNCATED) | 9 | [{"docid":"b","segment":"The most recent Ballon d'Or was awarded in October 2024. Spanish midfielder(...TRUNCATED) | [{"importance":"vital","text":"Lionel Messi won the 2023 men's Ballon d'Or"},{"importance":"vital","(...TRUNCATED) | [{"assignment":"not_support","importance":"vital","text":"Lionel Messi won the 2023 men's Ballon d'O(...TRUNCATED) | [{"assignment":"not_support","importance":"vital","text":"Lionel Messi won the 2023 men's Ballon d'O(...TRUNCATED) | {
"all_score": 0,
"qid": 9,
"strict_all_score": 0,
"strict_vital_score": 0,
"vital_score": 0
} | {"all_score":0.08333333333333333,"qid":9,"strict_all_score":0.0,"strict_vital_score":0.0,"vital_scor(...TRUNCATED) |
End of preview. Expand in Data Studio
Overview
This dataset contains scored and assigned nuggets for 5k single-turn battles based on the lmarena-ai/search-arena-v1-7k dataset.
For each battle, gpt-4.1 is used to generate nuggets of information from the two model responses, as well as from retrieved content chunks extracted from associated URLs (when available).
Each nugget is then scored based on its importance. The same model is subsequently used to assign these nuggets to the two model responses.
In addition to the original fields from lmarena-ai/search-arena-v1-7k, each data point includes:
nugget_documents: A list of documents used for nugget generation. It includes the two model responses and retrieved URL content chunks when available.scored_nuggets: A list of nuggets with their associated importance scores.assigned_nuggets_a/assigned_nuggets_b: Nuggets assigned to each model response.nuggets_metric_a/nuggets_metric_b: The nugget metrics dictionary for each response. The following metrics are reported: "strict_vital_score", "strict_all_score", "vital_score", and "all_score".
If you’re looking for the version of this dataset without retrieved URLs, see search-arena-v1-nuggets-5k.
To reproduce the nuggets and their assignments, refer to the GitHub repository for a step-by-step walkthrough.
Corpus Creation
We construct a corpus from the 47K unique URLs linked to single-turn battles in lmarena-ai/search-arena-v1-7k. The pipeline involves:
- Downloading each URL and extracting its main textual content.
- Splitting the text into overlapping chunks of 10 sentences (with 2-sentence overlap) using spaCy’s
xx_sent_ud_smmodel. - Encoding both the chunks and the user queries using the
BAAI/bge-m3model. - Performing dense retrieval with cosine similarity via Pyserini and FAISS to retrieve the top 50 most relevant chunks per query.
These chunks are used as additional documents for nugget creation.
License
We adopt the license terms from lmarena-ai/search-arena-v1-7k:
User prompts are licensed under CC-BY-4.0, and model outputs are governed by the terms of use set by the respective model providers.
The generated nuggets and their assignments comply with OpenAI’s terms of service.
Citation
@article{sharifymoghaddam2025chatbot,
title={Chatbot Arena Meets Nuggets: Towards Explanations and Diagnostics in the Evaluation of LLM Responses},
author={Sharifymoghaddam, Sahel and Upadhyay, Shivani and Thakur, Nandan and Pradeep, Ronak and Lin, Jimmy},
journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2504.20006},
year={2025}
}
- Downloads last month
- 21