TSAR 2025 Shared Task on RCTS
Collection
Data and CEFR Evaluators • 5 items • Updated
dataset_id stringclasses 1
value | text_id stringlengths 5 5 | original stringlengths 254 714 | target_cefr stringclasses 2
values | reference stringlengths 255 813 |
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tsar2025trial | 01-a2 | Now NASA is working towards logging some of the smaller asteroids, those measuring 140 metres wide or more. Of the 25,000 estimated asteroids of this size, so far about 8,000 have been logged, leaving 17,000 unaccounted for. Considering that a 19-metre asteroid that exploded above the city of Chelyabinsk in Russia in 2... | a2 | Asteroids are small rocks in space. NASA is collecting information about middle-sized asteroids (bigger than 140 metres wide). They think there are 25,000 asteroids like this. NASA has collected information about 8,000 of them, but not about the other 17,000. In 2013, in Russia, above the city of Chelyabinsk, an astero... |
tsar2025trial | 01-b1 | Now NASA is working towards logging some of the smaller asteroids, those measuring 140 metres wide or more. Of the 25,000 estimated asteroids of this size, so far about 8,000 have been logged, leaving 17,000 unaccounted for. Considering that a 19-metre asteroid that exploded above the city of Chelyabinsk in Russia in 2... | b1 | Asteroids are rocks that fly through space. NASA is recording data about some quite small asteroids (ones that are still at least 140 metres wide). It is believed that 25,000 asteroids like that exist, but so far only 8,000 have been recorded, so there is a lack of information for 17,000 of them. However, in 2013, abov... |
tsar2025trial | 02-a2 | Earthquakes damage all structures, including bridges. Luckily, this kind of collapse is relatively infrequent, especially with modern bridges. Engineers have learned to design bridges in earthquake zones on areas that are much more resistant to movement. | a2 | An earthquake means when the ground shakes a lot. Earthquakes can make buildings fall down, including bridges. Luckily, modern bridges don't fall down very often. In earthquake areas, engineers now choose to build bridges in places that do not move so much. |
tsar2025trial | 02-b1 | Earthquakes damage all structures, including bridges. Luckily, this kind of collapse is relatively infrequent, especially with modern bridges. Engineers have learned to design bridges in earthquake zones on areas that are much more resistant to movement. | b1 | Earthquakes damage all kinds of buildings, including bridges. Luckily, however, bridges, especially modern ones, are not often completely destroyed. Engineers have learned to design bridges in earthquake zones on ground that moves less during earthquakes. |
tsar2025trial | 03-a2 | The Hunger Games are an annual event, which the Capitol uses to remind the districts that they are being punished for rebelling. Every year one boy and one girl aged 12 to 18 are chosen from each district by lottery to compete in a battle in which only one person can survive. The chosen teenagers are called "tributes".... | a2 | The 'Hunger Games' happen every year. Why? To punish the people for not following the country's rules. Every year, one unlucky boy and one unlucky girl (= 'tributes') between 12 and 18 years old from each part of the country have to enter the Games, and only the winner will come out alive. Everyone else in the country ... |
tsar2025trial | 03-b1 | The Hunger Games are an annual event, which the Capitol uses to remind the districts that they are being punished for rebelling. Every year one boy and one girl aged 12 to 18 are chosen from each district by lottery to compete in a battle in which only one person can survive. The chosen teenagers are called "tributes".... | b1 | The Hunger Games are an annual event, which the Capitol (the government) organises. Their purpose is to punish the districts for not accepting the rules. Every year, one boy and one girl aged 12 to 18 are chosen from each district by lottery. They have to take part in a battle, and only the winner of the battle survive... |
tsar2025trial | 04-a2 | Small animals like birds, squirrels, mice and insects are a common sight in many cities and towns. But in recent years, the world's press has been full of reports of wild animals coming into cities in bigger and bigger numbers. There have been bears in Vancouver parks, leopards on the streets of Mumbai and wild pigs in... | a2 | We see small animals, such as birds, mice and insects in many cities and towns. But now, we see news stories about wild animals in cities more often. For example, there are bears in parks in Vancouver, big cats on the streets of Mumbai and wild pigs in gardens in Berlin. What do we think about that? Are we happy about ... |
tsar2025trial | 04-b1 | Small animals like birds, squirrels, mice and insects are a common sight in many cities and towns. But in recent years, the world's press has been full of reports of wild animals coming into cities in bigger and bigger numbers. There have been bears in Vancouver parks, leopards on the streets of Mumbai and wild pigs in... | b1 | Small animals like birds, mice and insects are often seen in many cities and towns. But recently, the media has often reported on wild animals coming into cities too. There have been reports of bears in Vancouver parks, leopards on the streets of Mumbai and wild pigs in gardens in Berlin. What happens when bigger anim... |
tsar2025trial | 05-a2 | Potentially Hazardous Asteroids' are rocks close enough to pass within 7.5 million kilometres of Earth's orbit. NASA has created a map of 1,400 PHAs, none of which are expected to be a threat in the next one hundred years. With technology already available, NASA can track these objects and make predictions about possib... | a2 | Some rocks in space may be dangerous to Earth. If they fly near to Earth (less than 7.5 million kilometres away), they are 'Potentially Hazardous Asteroids' (PHAs). NASA knows about 1,400 PHAs, but none of them is a danger to Earth for the next 100 years. NASA knows this because it can follow the PHAs with its technolo... |
tsar2025trial | 05-b1 | Potentially Hazardous Asteroids' are rocks close enough to pass within 7.5 million kilometres of Earth's orbit. NASA has created a map of 1,400 PHAs, none of which are expected to be a threat in the next one hundred years. With technology already available, NASA can track these objects and make predictions about possib... | b1 | 'Potentially Hazardous Asteroids' are space rocks that come less than 7.5 million kilometres from Earth. NASA has created a map of 1,400 PHAs, but, according to that organisation, none of them will be a danger to us for the next one hundred years. NASA can use its technology to follow these objects and predict whether ... |
tsar2025trial | 06-a2 | One night in 2003, Suzanne Collins was flipping between channels on TV. It was at the time of the US invasion of Iraq. The only programmes she could find on TV were 'reality' programmes of young people competing to win a million dollars and news programmes about the war. Suzanne says that the two things start to merge ... | a2 | One night in 2003, Suzanne Collins was watching television. The news programmes were about the war between the USA and Iraq. Other programmes were competitions between young people trying to win a million dollars. Suzanne says that her brain mixed the two types of programmes together in a worrying way and her story 'Th... |
tsar2025trial | 06-b1 | One night in 2003, Suzanne Collins was flipping between channels on TV. It was at the time of the US invasion of Iraq. The only programmes she could find on TV were 'reality' programmes of young people competing to win a million dollars and news programmes about the war. Suzanne says that the two things start to merge ... | b1 | One night in 2003, Suzanne Collins was watching TV, changing from one channel to another every few minutes. It was at the time of the U.S.-Iraq war. The news programmes were about the war, and the only other programmes were shows about young people competing to win a million dollars. Suzanne says that the two types of ... |
tsar2025trial | 07-a2 | The Life of Pi tells the extraordinary story of Pi, a teenage boy from India, who is shipwrecked and finds himself trapped in a lifeboat in the Pacific Ocean with a ferocious tiger. It is the third book by the Canadian author Yann Martel, and was published in 2001. Since then, it has sold over seven million copies worl... | a2 | 'The Life of Pi' is a very surprising story about a boy, Pi, a teenager from India. He travels on a ship, but it has an accident and goes down in the ocean. He gets away from the ship on a small boat, but there is also a wild animal on the boat - an angry tiger. 'The Life of Pi' is the third book by Yann Martel, a writ... |
tsar2025trial | 07-b1 | The Life of Pi tells the extraordinary story of Pi, a teenage boy from India, who is shipwrecked and finds himself trapped in a lifeboat in the Pacific Ocean with a ferocious tiger. It is the third book by the Canadian author Yann Martel, and was published in 2001. Since then, it has sold over seven million copies worl... | b1 | The Life of Pi tells the extraordinary story of Pi, a teenage boy from India. He is travelling on a ship which sinks in the Pacific Ocean; he manages to escape on a small boat, but he discovers there is also a frightening tiger on it with him. It is the third book by the Canadian author Yann Martel, and it was publishe... |
tsar2025trial | 08-a2 | Dreams of a phone call from an old friend or the death of someone close, for example, are more likely to be the result of coincidence than prophecy. And, of course, we probably choose to forget all the times we dream about such events but they don't happen. | a2 | Sometimes, we dream that an old friend will telephone us, or we dream that a friend or family member will die, and then those things happen. This is probably just because of chance, not an ability to see the future. And, I'm sure you will agree, we probably often dream about things like that, but then they don't happen... |
tsar2025trial | 08-b1 | Dreams of a phone call from an old friend or the death of someone close, for example, are more likely to be the result of coincidence than prophecy. And, of course, we probably choose to forget all the times we dream about such events but they don't happen. | b1 | If we dream that we will get a phone call from an old friend or learn about the death of someone close, for example, this is more likely to be the result of chance rather than an ability to predict the future. And, of course, we probably choose to forget all the times we dream about events like that but then they don't... |
tsar2025trial | 09-a2 | Some bridge collapses are mysteries, and engineers only realise why after they conduct a complete investigation. In some cases, this could happen because inferior-quality material was used in the construction, or because of a defect in a key piece of the bridge. In other cases, the bridge was designed only to support a... | a2 | Sometimes, when a bridge falls down, nobody knows why. To understand what happened, engineers have to study it a lot. Sometimes, a bridge falls down because its materials (such as stone or metal) are not strong enough, or because there is a problem with an important part of the bridge. Or sometimes, the traffic on the ... |
tsar2025trial | 09-b1 | Some bridge collapses are mysteries, and engineers only realise why after they conduct a complete investigation. In some cases, this could happen because inferior-quality material was used in the construction, or because of a defect in a key piece of the bridge. In other cases, the bridge was designed only to support a... | b1 | Sometimes, when a bridge falls down, it is a mystery, and engineers only realise why it happened after they look into the event in detail. In some cases, this could happen because poor-quality material was used when the bridge was built, or because a key piece of the bridge is weak. In other cases, the bridge was desig... |
tsar2025trial | 10-a2 | I used to do a typical five-day week, but after I came out of my parental leave, I decided that I wanted to spend more time with my children before they start school. After negotiating with my boss, we decided to cut my working week down to a three-day work week. This of course meant a significant cut in my pay too, as... | a2 | In the past, I worked five days a week, like most workers. When I had my children, I took a break from my job. But after I went back to work, I decided that I wanted to spend more time with my young children. I talked about this with my boss, and we agreed that I could work three days a week. Because I work less now, I... |
tsar2025trial | 10-b1 | I used to do a typical five-day week, but after I came out of my parental leave, I decided that I wanted to spend more time with my children before they start school. After negotiating with my boss, we decided to cut my working week down to a three-day work week. This of course meant a significant cut in my pay too, as... | b1 | I used to work a typical five-day week, but at the end of my time away from work for having my children, I decided that I wanted to spend more time with my children before they start school. After discussing this with my boss, we decided to cut my working week down to a three-day work week. This of course meant a prett... |
tsar2025trial | 11-a2 | Much of today's business is conducted across international borders, and while the majority of the global business community might share the use of English as a common language, the nuances and expectations of business communication might differ greatly from culture to culture. A lack of understanding of the cultural no... | a2 | Often, business today is international, and most international businesses use English as a shared language. However, businesses in different countries might expect very different things when they talk to each other. If we do not know what is normal for businesses in other cultures, we may not understand them, we might ... |
tsar2025trial | 11-b1 | Much of today's business is conducted across international borders, and while the majority of the global business community might share the use of English as a common language, the nuances and expectations of business communication might differ greatly from culture to culture. A lack of understanding of the cultural no... | b1 | Much of today's business is carried out across international borders, and most businesses across the world use English as a common language. However, what businesses expect from their communications might be very different from culture to culture. If we do not have enough knowledge of the normal ways of doing things in... |
tsar2025trial | 12-a2 | Between 100,000 and 50,000 years ago, though, we start to see the evidence of early human civilisation, through cave paintings for example; no one knows the connection between this and language. Brains didn't suddenly get bigger, yet humans did become more complex and more intelligent. Was it using language that caused... | a2 | But we can see that people lived between 100,000 and 50,000 years ago: there are early paintings, for example. What is the relationship between these paintings and language? No one knows. Brains didn't quickly get bigger, but people became more clever. Did their brains get better because they used language? Or did lang... |
tsar2025trial | 12-b1 | Between 100,000 and 50,000 years ago, though, we start to see the evidence of early human civilisation, through cave paintings for example; no one knows the connection between this and language. Brains didn't suddenly get bigger, yet humans did become more complex and more intelligent. Was it using language that caused... | b1 | Between 100,000 and 50,000 years ago, however, we start to see signs of early human societies, through cave paintings for example; no one knows the connection between this and language. Brains didn't suddenly get bigger, yet humans became more complicated and more intelligent. Did the use of language make their brains ... |
tsar2025trial | 13-a2 | Many of the major supermarket chains have come under fire with accusations of various unethical acts over the past decade. They've wasted tonnes of food, they've underpaid their suppliers and they've contributed to excessive plastic waste in their packaging, which has had its impact on our environment. But supermarkets... | a2 | Some people are angry at the big supermarkets. They say they do many bad or wrong things. For example, they throw away a lot of food, they buy things cheaply and sell them expensively, and the things they sell include too much plastic, which is bad for our world. But big and small shops are starting to do something, be... |
tsar2025trial | 13-b1 | Many of the major supermarket chains have come under fire with accusations of various unethical acts over the past decade. They've wasted tonnes of food, they've underpaid their suppliers and they've contributed to excessive plastic waste in their packaging, which has had its impact on our environment. But supermarkets... | b1 | Many of the main supermarkets have received negative comments in recent years, because it is said that they have done various bad or wrong things. They've wasted large amounts of food, they haven't paid enough money to the companies whose products they sell, and their products create a lot of plastic waste we don't nee... |
tsar2025trial | 14-a2 | Wasfia Nazreen first came across a hula hoop as a young girl, when she saw a foreign child who was visiting her native Bangladesh playing with one. Wasfia reluctantly stood by and watched, as in her country it was believed that girls should not play with hula hoops or ride bikes. Now Wasfia is one of the few people in ... | a2 | A 'hula hoop' is a kind of toy. It's a large circle of plastic. Children stand inside it, pick it up, put it around their middles, then move their bodies: they are trying to stop the hula hoop from falling down. The first time Wasfia Nazreen saw a hula hoop, she was a young girl living in Bangladesh. A foreign girl was... |
tsar2025trial | 14-b1 | Wasfia Nazreen first came across a hula hoop as a young girl, when she saw a foreign child who was visiting her native Bangladesh playing with one. Wasfia reluctantly stood by and watched, as in her country it was believed that girls should not play with hula hoops or ride bikes. Now Wasfia is one of the few people in ... | b1 | A 'hula hoop' is a kind of toy. It's a large plastic ring which children put around their middles. They then move their bodies to move the hula hoop and try to prevent it from falling down. Wasfia Nazreen first saw a hula hoop as a young girl, when she saw a foreign child playing with one in Bangladesh, her home countr... |
tsar2025trial | 15-a2 | On the basis of these findings, we recommend that Girox Foods adopt a more people-oriented management style. As part of this, we should explore ways of offering more flexible working hours to our employees and consider how we can enable employees to work from their chosen locations. Managers need to consider a variety ... | a2 | We've looked carefully at Girox Foods, and we have some advice. The company should change. The managers should see the workers as more important. For example, if the workers want to change when and where they work, it should be possible. We should give workers different jobs sometimes so they will be more interested. W... |
tsar2025trial | 15-b1 | On the basis of these findings, we recommend that Girox Foods adopt a more people-oriented management style. As part of this, we should explore ways of offering more flexible working hours to our employees and consider how we can enable employees to work from their chosen locations. Managers need to consider a variety ... | b1 | Looking at these research results, we recommend that Girox Foods changes its management style so that it begins to attach more importance to its employees. As part of this, we should consider ways of offering our employees opportunities to change their working hours and also locations. Managers need to consider a varie... |
tsar2025trial | 16-a2 | In the last two centuries, improvements in technology and health meant fewer children died young, fuelling rapid population growth. These large families produced even more children who survived into adulthood and had their own children. But with the wider availability of contraception in the 1960s, the global average n... | a2 | In the last two hundred years, technology and health have improved, so not so many young children died. Instead, the population grew rapidly. These large families had even more children, and those children grew up and had their own children. But from the 1960s, science helped women have sex without having babies. Befor... |
tsar2025trial | 16-b1 | In the last two centuries, improvements in technology and health meant fewer children died young, fuelling rapid population growth. These large families produced even more children who survived into adulthood and had their own children. But with the wider availability of contraception in the 1960s, the global average n... | b1 | In the last two centuries, improvements in technology and health meant fewer children died young. For this reason, the population grew rapidly. These large families produced even more children who grew up, became adults and had their own children. But since the 1960s, when 'the pill' became available to most women, the... |
tsar2025trial | 17-a2 | Having an increased awareness of the possible differences in expectations and behaviour can help us avoid cases of miscommunication, but it is vital that we also remember that cultural stereotypes can be detrimental to building good business relationships. Although national cultures could play a part in shaping the way... | a2 | If we know more about other cultures, that can help people from different countries to understand each other better. However, we must also be careful that what we know does not affect our business relationships badly. It's true that the things we do and think come from our country's culture. But they also come from oth... |
tsar2025trial | 17-b1 | Having an increased awareness of the possible differences in expectations and behaviour can help us avoid cases of miscommunication, but it is vital that we also remember that cultural stereotypes can be detrimental to building good business relationships. Although national cultures could play a part in shaping the way... | b1 | An increased knowledge of the possible differences in expectations and behaviour can help us avoid cases of miscommunication. However, it is essential that we also remember that what we believe about other cultures can negatively affect our business relationships. Although national cultures can affect the way we behave... |
tsar2025trial | 18-a2 | Unlike many other best-selling album artists, Springsteen is still releasing chart-topping, stadium-filling new music and remains at the top of his game in his late 60s. It doesn't surprise me at all. This is a man who tells us our most fundamental stories about ourselves and, when you listen to Born in the USA, those ... | a2 | Springsteen is different from many other pop or rock stars. He is nearly 70 years old, but he is still making new music so popular that he plays it to very large crowds, and his writing, singing and guitar playing are as good as ever. This is no surprise to me. His songs tell us important stories about ourselves and th... |
tsar2025trial | 18-b1 | Unlike many other best-selling album artists, Springsteen is still releasing chart-topping, stadium-filling new music and remains at the top of his game in his late 60s. It doesn't surprise me at all. This is a man who tells us our most fundamental stories about ourselves and, when you listen to Born in the USA, those ... | b1 | Springsteen is different from many other musicians who make albums, because he is still creating popular new music, attracting huge crowds to listen to it, and writing and performing as well as ever, despite being in his late 60s. It doesn't surprise me at all. This is a man who tells us our most important stories abou... |
tsar2025trial | 19-a2 | More questions lie in looking at the influence of genetics on brain and language development. Are there genes that mutated and gave us language ability? Researchers have found a gene mutation that occurred between 200,000 and 100,000 years ago, which seems to have a connection with speaking and how our brains control o... | a2 | There are other questions. For example, what does our biology do to our brains and our language? In the past, did something change in our biology and then we could make language? Science has found that there was a change in our biology between 200,000 and 100,000 years ago. Maybe the change affected speaking, because i... |
tsar2025trial | 19-b1 | More questions lie in looking at the influence of genetics on brain and language development. Are there genes that mutated and gave us language ability? Researchers have found a gene mutation that occurred between 200,000 and 100,000 years ago, which seems to have a connection with speaking and how our brains control o... | b1 | More questions appear if we look at the historical effects of our biology on our brains and language development. In the past, did changes in our biology give us language ability? Research has found a change that took place between 200,000 and 100,000 years ago, and it seems this change is connected with speaking and h... |
tsar2025trial | 20-a2 | Julie Wong is a leading researcher in the field of Robotics and AI. She has been published extensively as author and co-author of over 50 papers in highly regarded, peer-reviewed journals. She frequently speaks at international conferences and was awarded the prestigious Royal Academy Simone Fielding fellowship in 2012... | a2 | Julie Wong is a very important scientist computer scientist. She has written more than 50 important articles, alone or with other people, and she often travels to speak in foreign countries. In 2012, the Royal Academy, which is very famous, invited her to become a member. Julie lives with her family in a nice, tidy hom... |
tsar2025trial | 20-b1 | Julie Wong is a leading researcher in the field of Robotics and AI. She has been published extensively as author and co-author of over 50 papers in highly regarded, peer-reviewed journals. She frequently speaks at international conferences and was awarded the prestigious Royal Academy Simone Fielding fellowship in 2012... | b1 | Julie Wong is one of the most important researchers studying robots and computers. By herself or together with colleagues, she has authored over 50 articles in well respected, carefully checked publications. She frequently speaks at international conferences and she was given membership of the Royal Academy in 2012, wh... |
Citation
@inproceedings{alva-manchego-etal-2025-findings,
title = "Findings of the {TSAR} 2025 Shared Task on Readability-Controlled Text Simplification",
author = "Alva-Manchego, Fernando and Stodden, Regina and Imperial, Joseph Marvin and Barayan, Abdullah and North, Kai and Tayyar Madabushi, Harish",
editor = "Shardlow, Matthew and Alva-Manchego, Fernando and North, Kai and Stodden, Regina and Saggion, Horacio and Khallaf, Nouran and Hayakawa, Akio",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourth Workshop on Text Simplification, Accessibility and Readability (TSAR 2025)",
month = nov,
year = "2025",
address = "Suzhou, China",
publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
url = "https://aclanthology.org/2025.tsar-1.8/",
doi = "10.18653/v1/2025.tsar-1.8",
pages = "116--130",
ISBN = "979-8-89176-176-6"
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