id stringlengths 1 7 | document_id stringlengths 1 8 | passages list | entities list | events list | coreferences list | relations list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 14145090 | [
{
"id": "1",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"velvet antlers vas are commonly used in traditional chinese medicine and invigorant and contain many PET components for health promotion the velvet antler peptide svap is one of active components in vas based on structural study the svap interacts... | [
{
"id": "2",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"TAC"
],
"offsets": [
[
418,
421
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "transverse aortic constriction"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
3 | 1900667 | [
{
"id": "4",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"the clinical features of our cases demonstrated some of the already known characteristics of the variable spectrum of hiv infection da are the most important risk category in italy of the arc cases evolved into aids during a month followup on aver... | [
{
"id": "5",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"HD"
],
"offsets": [
[
507,
509
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "hodgkins lymphoma"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
6 | 8625554 | [
{
"id": "7",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"ceftobiprole bpr is an investigational cephalosporin with activity against staphylococcus aureus including methicillinresistant s aureus mrsa strains the pharmacodynamic pd profile of bpr against s aureus strains with a variety of susceptibility p... | [
{
"id": "8",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"MSSA"
],
"offsets": [
[
627,
631
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "methicillinsusceptible s aureus"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
9 | 8157202 | [
{
"id": "10",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"we have taken a basic biologic RPA to elucidate the pathophysiology of BPD bpd the CLD based on cellmolecular mechanisms of physiologic lung OD stretch coordinates PTHrP pthrp signaling between the ATII cell and the mesoderm to coordinately upreg... | [
{
"id": "11",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"PTHrP"
],
"offsets": [
[
164,
169
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "parathyroid hormonerelated protein"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
12 | 6784974 | [
{
"id": "13",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"lipoperoxidationderived aldehydes for example MDA mda can damage proteins by generating covalent adducts whose accumulation probably participates in tissue damage during aging however the mechanisms of adduct formation and their stability are sca... | [
{
"id": "14",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"LPO"
],
"offsets": [
[
1074,
1077
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "lipoperoxidation"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
15 | 4846741 | [
{
"id": "16",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"gb virus c gbvc or HGV hgv is transmitted by the parenteral route but the importance of sexual transmission needs to be ascertained gbvchgv infections were investigated using rna and eantibody PCD methods in subjects INF by the HIV-1 hiv divided ... | [
{
"id": "17",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"HGV"
],
"offsets": [
[
19,
22
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "hepatitis g virus"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
18 | 14445409 | [
{
"id": "19",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"to quantify the amount of CL NO harvested in modified RND"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
57
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "20",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"RND"
],
"offsets": [
[
54,
57
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "radical neck dissection"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
21 | 9441271 | [
{
"id": "22",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"backward SBS was used to control the growth of ASE ase reducing the unwanted emission in a pulseamplified cw tisapphire laser system from to less than x in the final output suppression of ase substantially improved the spectral SQ of the laser an... | [
{
"id": "23",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"ASE"
],
"offsets": [
[
47,
50
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "amplified spontaneous emission"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
24 | 3689975 | [
{
"id": "25",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"in order to study the rate of intestinal absorption and hepatic uptake of mediumchain fatty acids mcfa six growing pigs mean body weight kg were fitted with a permanent fistula in the duodenum and with three catheters in the portal vein i.c. and ... | [
{
"id": "26",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"HPB"
],
"offsets": [
[
1472,
1475
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "portal blood"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
27 | 8996817 | [
{
"id": "28",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"based on traditional chinese medicine theory and clinical experience traditional chinese herbal drug toxicity has its own special connotation from the perspective of history and logic the different comprehension of toxicity between western medici... | [
{
"id": "29",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"WM"
],
"offsets": [
[
650,
652
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "western medicine"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
30 | 10390052 | [
{
"id": "31",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"in this paper a new MM of SOC is introduced this model called the mRNA paradigm is motivated by the problem of gene expression initiation in the newlyborn daughter cells T3 mitosis the MM is fundamentally different in dynamics and properties from... | [
{
"id": "32",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"CA"
],
"offsets": [
[
1291,
1293
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "cellular automata"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
33 | 5143869 | [
{
"id": "34",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"the authors investigated the relationship between the activity of the RAA system and serum lipid levels in HT eh they examined patients with eh stage i and ii who classification group a n age bracket years they investigated the plasma renin activ... | [
{
"id": "35",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"HLP"
],
"offsets": [
[
1090,
1093
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "hyperlipoproteinaemia"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
36 | 4015815 | [
{
"id": "37",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"the antiobesity and antidiabetic effects of a highly TPS beta AR agonist cl cl beta beta beta were investigated in otsuka longevans tokushima fatty fatty and LETO control rats daily injection of cl mgkg sc to these rats weeks old for weeks caused... | [
{
"id": "38",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"ATT"
],
"offsets": [
[
894,
897
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "tolerance test"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
39 | 7599020 | [
{
"id": "40",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"this study was performed to assess the mrna C2 in skeletal muscle of MHD mhd patients fiftyone sedentary mhd patients and sedentary normal adults of similar age gender CSD and racialethnic mix as the patients were examined the subjects had needle... | [
{
"id": "41",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"RT"
],
"offsets": [
[
449,
451
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "reverse transcribed"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
42 | 4461951 | [
{
"id": "43",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"recent data have demonstrated that the antioestrogen tamoxifen tam is able to facilitate apoptosis in cancer cells not expressing or er in an attempt to identify the PSA pathway for this phenomenon we investigated the role of tam as an oxidative ... | [
{
"id": "44",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"anergy"
],
"offsets": [
[
920,
926
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "functional inactivation"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
45 | 7463634 | [
{
"id": "46",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"it has recently been proposed that alzheimer disease ad might be initiated by a molecular hit into a regulatory protein eg a cell surface receptor schmitt hp neuromodulation aminergic neurodisinhibition and neurodegeneration draft of a comprehens... | [
{
"id": "47",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"MCP"
],
"offsets": [
[
650,
653
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "multicatalytic protease"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
48 | 207998 | [
{
"id": "49",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"the profile of hydroxymethoxy MA vma excretion was studied in relation to reported acute infectious disease episodes daily vma excretion levels and symptom reports were analyzed for a group of volunteers over a fourweek period results showed a te... | [
{
"id": "50",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"MA"
],
"offsets": [
[
30,
32
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "mandelic acid"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
51 | 373515 | [
{
"id": "52",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"RCs were found to bind two ubiquinones both of which could be removed by OP and the detergent lauryldimethylamine oxide one ubiquinone was more easily removed than the other the lowtemperature lightinduced optical and electron paramagnetic resona... | [
{
"id": "53",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"CR"
],
"offsets": [
[
592,
594
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "charge recombination"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
54 | 4578351 | [
{
"id": "55",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"public attitudes toward smoking are complex but the facts for businesses are clear SHS is a major health hazard and the most unhealthy places for SHS are bars and restaurants while there is little support for a total smoking ban selected bans are... | [
{
"id": "56",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"SHS"
],
"offsets": [
[
146,
149
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "secondhand smoke"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
57 | 3054217 | [
{
"id": "58",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"ually potent anaesthetic techniques patients in GI n received thiopentone induction isoflurane and nitrous oxide patients in group ii n received TIVA with propofol and patients in group iii n received intravenous propofol supplemented with nitrou... | [
{
"id": "59",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"TIVA"
],
"offsets": [
[
145,
149
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "total intravenous anaesthesia"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
60 | 9588029 | [
{
"id": "61",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"as a substantial part of our concept of a minimally invasive cochlear implant ci surgery we developed an automated IS tool studies on an artificial ST model were performed in order to evaluate force application when using the insertion tool"
... | [
{
"id": "62",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"ST"
],
"offsets": [
[
148,
150
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "scala tympani"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
63 | 5432442 | [
{
"id": "64",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"NH abundantly present in CS and cooked foods is not mutagenic to salmonella typhimurium strains however NH shows mutagenicity to s typhimurium ta and yg in the presence of s mix when coexisting with aromatic amines including AN o and mtoluidines ... | [
{
"id": "65",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"NH"
],
"offsets": [
[
1195,
1197
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "norharman"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
66 | 15822259 | [
{
"id": "67",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"to modify the performanceoriented mobility assessmentgait pomag subtest and validate this modified pomag mpomag in children with HOPS hpp a rare metabolic disorder that can manifest with musculoskeletal symptoms that impair mobility and ambulatio... | [
{
"id": "68",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"HOPS"
],
"offsets": [
[
129,
133
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "hypophosphatasia"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69 | 9457299 | [
{
"id": "70",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"one of the limitations of nonselective MA oxidase mao inhibitors as antidepressant or antiparkinson drugs is their ability to potentiate the cardiovascular effect of oral tyramine resulting from inhibition of SVR maoa and PR of noradrenaline we h... | [
{
"id": "71",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"TCP"
],
"offsets": [
[
469,
472
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "inhibitor tranylcypromine"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
72 | 15478814 | [
{
"id": "73",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"to determine whether late gadolinium mri enhancement of colorectal LM crclm postchemotherapy is associated with tumour fibrosis and survival posthepatectomy"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
156
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "74",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"LM"
],
"offsets": [
[
67,
69
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "liver metastases"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
75 | 3937052 | [
{
"id": "76",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"determination of the optimal braking force fopt in the wingate anaerobic test want among healthy people has been determined based on TBM the abnormal MM to TBM ratio in individuals with NM disabilities invalidates this RPA this T0 was intended to... | [
{
"id": "77",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"TBM"
],
"offsets": [
[
133,
136
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "total body mass"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
78 | 2981431 | [
{
"id": "79",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"cytokines are critical to several fundamental homeostatic mechanisms such as fever acute phase reactions wound healing hematopoiesis inflammation cellular and humoral immune responses and tumor regression as a result of advances in recombinant dn... | [
{
"id": "80",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"ISRs"
],
"offsets": [
[
666,
670
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "injection site reactions"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81 | 2272969 | [
{
"id": "82",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"to determine whether propressophysin vasopressinneurophysin F0 is present in HP the nature of the immunoreactive neurophysin was characterized by GF when plasma samples obtained from six patients with the SIADH due to central nervous system disea... | [
{
"id": "83",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"NP"
],
"offsets": [
[
596,
598
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "neurophysin"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
84 | 11546217 | [
{
"id": "85",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"hand osteoarthritis hoa is a prevalent condition for which treatments are based on analgesia and physical therapies our primary objective was to evaluate pain perception in participants with hoa by assessing the characteristics of nodal involveme... | [
{
"id": "86",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"DIP"
],
"offsets": [
[
483,
486
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "distal interphalangeal"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
87 | 1319031 | [
{
"id": "88",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"metabolic alkalosis was induced in clinically normal horses by administration of furosemide mgkg of body weight im followed hours later by sodium bicarbonate nahco g in l water via NG tube furosemide diuresis resulted in a mean weight loss of kg ... | [
{
"id": "89",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"PK"
],
"offsets": [
[
1386,
1388
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "plasma potassium concentration"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
90 | 7648981 | [
{
"id": "91",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"a method was developed for the determination of the biocide OPP biphenylol opp in beer using deuterated opp as an internal standard a new LLE procedure employing acetonitrile diethyl ether and npentane afforded rapid phase separation the evaporat... | [
{
"id": "92",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"OPP"
],
"offsets": [
[
60,
63
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "orthophenylphenol"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
93 | 2656632 | [
{
"id": "94",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"thirtytwo female mice infected with Sm and noninfected control mice were studied they were killed by C2 dislocation dissected and their ovaries examined histopathologically and histochemically ovaries of INF mice showed definite structural damage... | [
{
"id": "95",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"Sm"
],
"offsets": [
[
36,
38
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "schistosoma mansoni"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
96 | 11651087 | [
{
"id": "97",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"this paper was aimed to study the minimum dose of human chorionic gonadotropin hcg to effectively trigger maturation of oocytes and prevent ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome ohss in a series of hyperresponders treated with a long gonadotropin rel... | [
{
"id": "98",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"AFC"
],
"offsets": [
[
445,
448
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "antral follicle count"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
99 | 175338 | [
{
"id": "100",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"a recent study olive and spickenagel j acoust soc am has shown that area parameters derived from LP analysis can be linearly interpolated between dyad boundaries with very little distortion in the resultant synthesized speech the success of area... | [
{
"id": "101",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"LP"
],
"offsets": [
[
97,
99
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "linear prediction"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
102 | 640198 | [
{
"id": "103",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"synthesis in escherichia coli of correctly folded Fab that bind antigen with the same affinity as the whole antibody is now possible here i review the techniques for achieving this and the physical properties of the various fragments produced th... | [
{
"id": "104",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"Fab"
],
"offsets": [
[
50,
53
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "antibody fragments"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
105 | 5191527 | [
{
"id": "106",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"because previous investigations suggested involvement of the gld fasl in the selection process in the follicular dendritic cell fdcassociated cell cluster of the germinal center we investigated the expression of fasl in hodgkin lymphoma hl on pr... | [
{
"id": "107",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"NS"
],
"offsets": [
[
387,
389
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "nodular sclerosis"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
108 | 5518762 | [
{
"id": "109",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"the wirelocalized extirpation is the gold standard for the examination of nonpalpable lesions suspicious of malignancy less invasive techniques were introduced in the last years offering also a high diagnostic reliability e g stereotactic core n... | [
{
"id": "110",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"CB"
],
"offsets": [
[
724,
726
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "core biopsy"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
111 | 8478948 | [
{
"id": "112",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"lectin histochemistry was performed on mouse uteri to determine what effects leukemia GABA factor lif has on carbohydrate epitope expressions at the time of implantation twentytwo biotinylated lectins were used in this study following i.t. of li... | [
{
"id": "113",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"DBA"
],
"offsets": [
[
902,
905
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "dolichos biflorus"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
114 | 2930040 | [
{
"id": "115",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"the clinical course of patients was determined during an average of years following the angiographic demonstration of coronary artery spasm cas seventeen patients received medical treatment after the demonstration of coronary spasm and six patie... | [
{
"id": "116",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"L1"
],
"offsets": [
[
1258,
1260
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "major"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
117 | 5818273 | [
{
"id": "118",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"in NHS a small proportion of peripheral blood tcells simultaneously express both cd and cd differentiation antigens in this study we characterized a subset of cd clones from a healthy donor that is TPS for the thyrotropin receptor tshr and that ... | [
{
"id": "119",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"SP"
],
"offsets": [
[
450,
452
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "single positive"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
120 | 3230028 | [
{
"id": "121",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"morphine is the preferred opioid analgesic in pediatric cancer pain due to extensive clinical experience with it significant pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data following oral and parenteral administration global availability and the OD of ... | [
{
"id": "122",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"NP"
],
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[
562,
564
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "neuropathic pain"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
123 | 5231275 | [
{
"id": "124",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"a T0 was conducted to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of doramectin po intramuscularly at a dose rate of microgkg to sheep harbouring naturally acquired infections of gastrointestinal nematodes and oestrus ovis in the southwestern region of fr... | [
{
"id": "125",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"CS"
],
"offsets": [
[
422,
424
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "clinical score"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
126 | 8728654 | [
{
"id": "127",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"although most cellular iron is firmly bound eg in haemoglobin some the LIP lip is bound to lowaffinity ligands the lip is regarded as the crossroads of cellular iron traffic using multiparameter flowcytometry of cells treated with the metalsensi... | [
{
"id": "128",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"NRBCs"
],
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[
510,
515
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "nucleated erythrocytes"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
129 | 7260858 | [
{
"id": "130",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"the xlnd gene from pseudomonas alcaligenes ncimb CS px was shown to encode hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase i the enzyme that catalyzes the nadhdependent conversion of hydroxybenzoate to gentisate active recombinant xlnd was purified as a hexahistidi... | [
{
"id": "131",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"4-HBA"
],
"offsets": [
[
507,
512
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "hydroxybenzoate"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
132 | 15941530 | [
{
"id": "133",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"the present study aimed to investigate whether the response R2 of infants to modified CIMT and bimanual therapy are associated with different types of brain lesions"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
164
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "134",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"CIMT"
],
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[
86,
90
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "constraintinduced movement therapy"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
135 | 8748142 | [
{
"id": "136",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"a biological process for removal of mercury from coal is under investigation iron and sulfur oxidizing bacteria have previously been used for desulfurization of coal and for mineral mining we have shown that removal of mercury from coal is also ... | [
{
"id": "137",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"AMD"
],
"offsets": [
[
418,
421
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "acid mine drainage"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
138 | 3024786 | [
{
"id": "139",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"apoptosis has been investigated in nb a t HL-60 leukemia cell line susceptible to maturation by alltrans or cis retinoic acid and in nbr a subclone resistant to differentiation maturation resistant nbr cells exhibited an ON of cell death after r... | [
{
"id": "140",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"HL-60"
],
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[
42,
47
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "human promyelocytic"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
141 | 2378041 | [
{
"id": "142",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"ruminally cannulated steers were in a x latin square to determine the effect of amount of feed ingested on fiber digestion and other digestion events alfalfa haylage corn silage and a cornsoybean meal mix were incorporated in a ratio DM and fed ... | [
{
"id": "143",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"NDF"
],
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[
426,
429
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "neutral detergent fiber"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
144 | 4063720 | [
{
"id": "145",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"immunocytochemistry was used to investigate the neuroanatomical CSD of the chickeni form of gonadotropinreleasing hormone cgnrhi in reproductively AS male redsided garter snakes thamnophis sirtalis parietalis cell bodies with cgnrhi immunoreacti... | [
{
"id": "146",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"DVR"
],
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[
744,
747
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "dorsal ventricular ridge"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
147 | 2618666 | [
{
"id": "148",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"disulfiram is used commonly as reinforcement in the treatment of chronic alcoholism although the drug is generally considered safe there are reports of SE including psychosis and SH we report a case of fatal FH caused by the use of disulfiram in... | [
{
"id": "149",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"FH"
],
"offsets": [
[
208,
210
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "fulminant hepatitis"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
150 | 6544331 | [
{
"id": "151",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"an extremely rapid progress in innovative communication systems has led to essential changes in conditions of acquiring knowledge and professional skills this resulted in the OD of different educational forms focusing especially on distance lear... | [
{
"id": "152",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"OM"
],
"offsets": [
[
538,
540
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "occupational medicine"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
153 | 13631112 | [
{
"id": "154",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"HS is the leading cause of preventable deaths in civilian and military trauma use of fresh frozen plasma ffp in patients requiring massive transfusion is associated with improved outcomes ffp contains significant amounts of adiponectin which is ... | [
{
"id": "155",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"HS"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "hemorrhagic shock"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
156 | 3954314 | [
{
"id": "157",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"we describe a unique sixgeneration highly consanguineous family originating from an isolated mountainous village in the russian province of daghestan three separate clinical phenotypes of PMD were identified in this C1 family seven patients deve... | [
{
"id": "158",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"LOD"
],
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[
1055,
1058
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "logarithm of odds"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
159 | 2658506 | [
{
"id": "160",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"the enzyme responsible for all of the isomaltase activity and much of the maltase activity in the small intestine of the californian sea lion zalophus californianus was isolated by detergent solubilization of the brushborder membrane followed by... | [
{
"id": "161",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"SI"
],
"offsets": [
[
729,
731
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "sucraseisomaltase"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
162 | 6740969 | [
{
"id": "163",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"helicobacter pylori infection is seen in more than of AD population in turkey the aims of this study were to evaluate the importance of the diagnostic tests to investigate the relationship between hp infection and FD"
],
"offsets": [
... | [
{
"id": "164",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"FD"
],
"offsets": [
[
214,
216
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "functional dyspepsia"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
165 | 7197848 | [
{
"id": "166",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"aldosterone is known to play a role in the pathophysiology of some cardiovascular diseases however previous studies on aldosterone infusion have been mostly performed in animals receiving sodium loading and uninephrectomy and thus the cardiac ac... | [
{
"id": "167",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"mo"
],
"offsets": [
[
1010,
1012
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "monocyte"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
168 | 5476895 | [
{
"id": "169",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"propafenone ppf is an antiarrhythmic class ic agent its metabolism is genetically controlled by a cytochrome p isoenzyme named cypd which shows polymorphism in human population the aim of this paper was to determine the correlation between the a... | [
{
"id": "170",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"PMs"
],
"offsets": [
[
507,
510
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "poor metabolizers"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
171 | 10784618 | [
{
"id": "172",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"polyprolines offer many opportunities to T0 AF influencing peptide and protein folding and structure longer chains can adopt two welldefined forms ppi and ppii but shorter MMP are quite flexible to understand in detail the dependence of the seco... | [
{
"id": "173",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"ROA"
],
"offsets": [
[
455,
458
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "raman optical activity"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
174 | 13954148 | [
{
"id": "175",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"it has long been known that the vast majority of all information en route to the CBF SC must first pass through the thalamus the long held view that the thalamus serves as a simple hi fidelity relay station for sensory information to the cortex ... | [
{
"id": "176",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"VB"
],
"offsets": [
[
363,
365
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "ventrobasal"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
177 | 507988 | [
{
"id": "178",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"prolactin immunoreactivity has been detected in human tears and in lacrimal PG and it has been suggested that this hormone might be a modulator of lacrimal secretion as well as a component of LG fluid the present T0 was designed to confirm the i... | [
{
"id": "179",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"LG"
],
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[
1938,
1940
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "lacrimal gland"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
180 | 6275832 | [
{
"id": "181",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"hexamethonium is a potent antihypertensive agent its use is associated with prominent and unpleasant SE and sometimes with circulatory complications from excessive depressor action it is suitable for relatively few HT and often fails when RI is ... | [
{
"id": "182",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"RI"
],
"offsets": [
[
239,
241
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "renal insufficiency"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
183 | 14433877 | [
{
"id": "184",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"dilatation of the ascending aorta tends to develop in individuals with AVD reduction ascending aortoplasty raa is an alternative procedure to ascending aortic replacement this study was designed to identify the early prognosis of raa for patient... | [
{
"id": "185",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"AVD"
],
"offsets": [
[
71,
74
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "aortic valve disease"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
186 | 13342308 | [
{
"id": "187",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"the number of patients requiring dialysis continues to increase worldwide imposing a substantial social and economic burden on patients their families and healthcare systems compared with facilitybased dialysis dialysis performed by the patient ... | [
{
"id": "188",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"CGs"
],
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[
716,
719
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "caregivers"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
189 | 12447045 | [
{
"id": "190",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"the tricosâ¢mbcp® and Fn sealant composite was a convenient effective and welltolerated material for mastoid cavity filling and immediate reconstruction of the external auditory meatus T3 cholesteatoma surgery with CWD cwd"
],
"offsets... | [
{
"id": "191",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"CWD"
],
"offsets": [
[
217,
220
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "canal wall down"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
192 | 7392719 | [
{
"id": "193",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"at the kilimanjaro christian AMC a tertiary referral hospital in northern tanzania both the number of paediatric cases of lower respiratorytract infection lrti and the associated mortality increased between and molecular diagnostic tools were us... | [
{
"id": "194",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"AMC"
],
"offsets": [
[
29,
32
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "medical centre"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
195 | 2037260 | [
{
"id": "196",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"this T0 was undertaken to define the renal hemodynamic changes that mediate the acute response to an oral protein load three groups of subjects were studied diseasefree subjects patients with chronic renal disease of various causes except for di... | [
{
"id": "197",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"DM"
],
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[
1043,
1045
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "patients with diabetes mellitus"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
198 | 13243755 | [
{
"id": "199",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"the reliability of radiographic measurements has been studied in pediatric hips but less has been published on the adult hip and none have examined the reliability of measurements for the location of the COR cor of the hip joint we have investig... | [
{
"id": "200",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"COR"
],
"offsets": [
[
204,
207
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "center of rotation"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
201 | 10037007 | [
{
"id": "202",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"trilostane is a competitive inhibitor of βhydroxysteroid dehydrogenase βhsd which notably converts pregnenolone into progesterone or dehydroepiandrosterone into androstenedione trilostane shows antidepressantlike properties in the SW test fst ... | [
{
"id": "203",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"SW"
],
"offsets": [
[
233,
235
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "forced swimming"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
204 | 4705612 | [
{
"id": "205",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"several species have been and continue to be used as subjects in studies of electrical stimulation of the cochlea few attempts however have been made to determine if data obtained from different species are quantitatively or qualitatively simila... | [
{
"id": "206",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"MP"
],
"offsets": [
[
1255,
1257
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "monopolar"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
207 | 4768959 | [
{
"id": "208",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"young adult subjects attended selectively to brief noise bursts delivered in freefield via CE and IP arrays of four loudspeakers each that were arranged along a semicircle extending from the midline to degrees right of center frequent standard s... | [
{
"id": "209",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"CN"
],
"offsets": [
[
1719,
1721
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "cochlear nuclei"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
210 | 15348780 | [
{
"id": "211",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"noncontrast mri of the IAC iac using highresolution twi t weighted image has been proposed as the primary screening study in patients with sudden or asymmetric sensorineural hearing loss asnhl however there are concerns that noncontrast mri may ... | [
{
"id": "212",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"IAC"
],
"offsets": [
[
23,
26
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "internal auditory canal"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
213 | 721317 | [
{
"id": "214",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"the level of opioid MMP in several BB areas and in the pituitary was estimated in wagrij rats which are considered to be a genetic animal model for human AE in comparison with three CG of nonepileptic controls these epileptic rats had an elevate... | [
{
"id": "215",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"NIL"
],
"offsets": [
[
589,
592
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "neurointermediate lobe of the pituitary"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
216 | 2325870 | [
{
"id": "217",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"the histamineh receptor blocking properties of a number of structurally different ADs have been evaluated using a hmepyramine IB assay and a guineapig ileum preparation the TCAs all inhibited the histamineh receptor some newer antidepressant dru... | [
{
"id": "218",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"NOM"
],
"offsets": [
[
271,
274
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "nomifensine"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
219 | 7916944 | [
{
"id": "220",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"the dopamine receptor d drd gene has polymorphisms that have been linked to regulation of the dopamine system and to an increased prevalence of smoking the present study examined the relationship of the drd taqia and b polymorphisms with shortte... | [
{
"id": "221",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"MA"
],
"offsets": [
[
1105,
1107
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "maximum amplitude"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
222 | 3723204 | [
{
"id": "223",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"hepatic levels of gsh and phase ii detoxication enzymes were compared to biochemical and histological indices of hepatic damage in to weekold nontransgenic mice and their transgenic littermates that overexpress the SH b virus large env protein t... | [
{
"id": "224",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"CH"
],
"offsets": [
[
1763,
1765
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "chronic hepatitis"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
225 | 603623 | [
{
"id": "226",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"PMNs pmns seem to participate in the pathogenesis of renal ischemic RI the kidneys from male sprague dawley rats were immersionfixed T3 min of renal artery clamping followed by reperfusion for and min respectively the tissue CSD of pmns in the k... | [
{
"id": "227",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"CAE"
],
"offsets": [
[
299,
302
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "chloroacetate esterase"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
228 | 989785 | [
{
"id": "229",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"the stabilizing influence of ca mg ba and na on the didecameric structure of the Hc of the bivalve yoldia limatula has been investigated by lightscattering molecular weight measurements and by analytical ultracentrifugation the molecular weight ... | [
{
"id": "230",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"Hc"
],
"offsets": [
[
81,
83
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "hemocyanin"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
231 | 15260161 | [
{
"id": "232",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"rnainduced silencing complex risc is a small RNP complex that mediates silencing of complementary target rnas biochemistry has been successfully used to characterize the molecular mechanism of risc assembly and CF for nearly two decades however ... | [
{
"id": "233",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"RNP"
],
"offsets": [
[
45,
48
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "rnaprotein"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
234 | 6900926 | [
{
"id": "235",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"reelin is a huge secreted protein that controls proper laminar formation in the developing BB it is generally believed that IMT phosphorylation of disabled dab by src family IMT kinases is the most critical downstream event in reelin signaling t... | [
{
"id": "236",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"TKs"
],
"offsets": [
[
1072,
1075
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "tyrosine kinases"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
237 | 3233534 | [
{
"id": "238",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"we investigated the reaction of the popliteal lymph NO pln to the i.t. of two antigens KLH klh and lipopolysaccharide lps into the footpads of rats as well as the changes occurring in the pln T3 allogeneic cell stimulation changes in alkaline ph... | [
{
"id": "239",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"GCs"
],
"offsets": [
[
500,
503
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "germinal centers"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
240 | 4728117 | [
{
"id": "241",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"in the first half of this century cardiovascular diseases were more prevalent in individuals belonging to the richest social class later on their prevalence became higher in individuals belonging to the lowest SEL in developed countries this phe... | [
{
"id": "242",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"SEL"
],
"offsets": [
[
210,
213
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "socioeconomic level"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
243 | 12168230 | [
{
"id": "244",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"because the best possible treatment for VMs is unclear this study systematically reviews the available literature regarding the effectiveness of different treatment options for the patient group A-V malformations result from incorrect developmen... | [
{
"id": "245",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"VMs"
],
"offsets": [
[
40,
43
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "venous malformations"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
246 | 9579935 | [
{
"id": "247",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"the aim of this investigation was to compare the physiological responses of m rowing ergometer test with min bench pull and leg press tests we hypothesised that LP exercise contributes to m rowing ergometer test results rather than bench pull pe... | [
{
"id": "248",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"LP"
],
"offsets": [
[
1336,
1338
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "leg press"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
249 | 12692105 | [
{
"id": "250",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"in this study hivpositive cases men women with skin findings were included the mean cd t RCC was cellsmm a total of dermatological manifestations were seen the common infectious dermatoses were candidiasis staphylococcal skin infections dermatop... | [
{
"id": "251",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"VC"
],
"offsets": [
[
658,
660
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "verrucous carcinoma"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
252 | 2729923 | [
{
"id": "253",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"creactive protein and SAP component were isolated from SS of the plaice pleuronectes platessa l a murine teleost the isolation was based on their calciumdependent binding affinity for PnC and for agarose respectively these specificities are the ... | [
{
"id": "254",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"AP"
],
"offsets": [
[
296,
298
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "amyloid p"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
255 | 11946674 | [
{
"id": "256",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"adaptor protein PI pleckstrin homology domain and leucine zipper containing appl is an adapter protein that positively mediates adiponectin signalling deficiency of appl in the target tissues of insulin induces insulin resistance we therefore ai... | [
{
"id": "257",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"PI"
],
"offsets": [
[
16,
18
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "phosphotyrosine interaction"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
258 | 3056459 | [
{
"id": "259",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"we examined cutaneous manifestations of rheumatoid ICA ra of japanese patients who visited both the departments of dermatology and rheumatology of our hospital we classified cutaneous lesions into TPS andor characteristic or nonspecific ones non... | [
{
"id": "260",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"RFs"
],
"offsets": [
[
469,
472
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "rheumatoid factors"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
261 | 7977089 | [
{
"id": "262",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"coxsackievirus a variant is together with enterovirus and adenoviruses the L1 etiological agent involved in acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis outbreaks worldwide however the standard virus isolation method followed by serotyping or vp region sequ... | [
{
"id": "263",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"DRC"
],
"offsets": [
[
756,
759
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "democratic republic of the congo"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
264 | 2700123 | [
{
"id": "265",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"intermediatedose methotrexate mtx mgm iv in a bolus dose followed by mgm iv infused over hours is being used as a component of therapy for children with ALL to define the extent of interpatient R2 in mtx disposition with this dosage and schedule... | [
{
"id": "266",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"ALL"
],
"offsets": [
[
153,
156
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "acute lymphocytic leukemia"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
267 | 267508 | [
{
"id": "268",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"fibroblasts from new zealand black mouse fetuses manifest increased frequency of chromosomal breaks and interchanges T3 SE to ultraviolet radiation when compared with cells from bablc fetuses this CIN is similar to what has been reported in cell... | [
{
"id": "269",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"CIN"
],
"offsets": [
[
197,
200
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "chromosomal instability"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
270 | 355882 | [
{
"id": "271",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"an inhibitor of antihaemophilic globulin has been found in association with penicillin allergy inhibitor activity was detected T3 a severe reaction of penicillin NT studies showed the activity resided in an igg AHG with kappa light chains experi... | [
{
"id": "272",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"NT"
],
"offsets": [
[
162,
164
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "neutralization"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
273 | 3563232 | [
{
"id": "274",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"the effect of various surfactants the cationics cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide ctab and cetyl pyridinium chloride cpc the anionic SDS sds and the nonionic polysorbate tween on the solubility and ionization constant of some sparingly soluble we... | [
{
"id": "275",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"BA"
],
"offsets": [
[
1086,
1088
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "benzoic acid"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
276 | 13055749 | [
{
"id": "277",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"immunobiologic therapy is indicated for severe forms of PS resistant to conventional therapy there is growing concern about their safety profile and possible association with CA development this article documents two cases of RCC during treatmen... | [
{
"id": "278",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"RCC"
],
"offsets": [
[
226,
229
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "renal cell cancer"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
279 | 8865909 | [
{
"id": "280",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"we demonstrate near CS absorption and increased xray emission from dense plasmas created on solid surfaces with a periodic sublambda structure the tau of the structureinduced SPR responsible for enhanced absorption is directly tested at the high... | [
{
"id": "281",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"PIXE"
],
"offsets": [
[
333,
337
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "xray emission"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
282 | 7909640 | [
{
"id": "283",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"insights into intracellular calcium regulation and contractile state can be accomplished by changing pacing rate steadystate increases in heart rate hr forcefrequency relationship ffr and introduction of extrasystoles es forceinterval relationsh... | [
{
"id": "284",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"RF"
],
"offsets": [
[
326,
328
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "recirculation fraction"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
285 | 9401264 | [
{
"id": "286",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"the scientificcytometric PCD of plateletassociated immunoglobulin paig by a combination of platelet gating and cutoff for positivity determined by the use of receiver operating characteristic roc curve analysis and we evaluated the significance ... | [
{
"id": "287",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"TP"
],
"offsets": [
[
275,
277
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "thrombocytopenic purpura"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
288 | 3880121 | [
{
"id": "289",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"we present a year old woman with predominantly right sided PD of sudden onset but without tremor magnetic resonance imaging mri depicted lesions affecting the substantia nigra sn bilaterally but more pronounced on the left side there were no oth... | [
{
"id": "290",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"CN"
],
"offsets": [
[
553,
555
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "caudate nuclei"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
291 | 9520139 | [
{
"id": "292",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"concentrations of several persistent organohalogen compounds such as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its metabolites ddts HCHs hchs polychlorinated biphenyls pcbs PBDEs pbdes decabromodiphenylethane dbdpe and polybrominated biphenyl pbb were... | [
{
"id": "293",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"PBDEs"
],
"offsets": [
[
167,
172
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "polybrominated diphenyl ethers"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
294 | 8279204 | [
{
"id": "295",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"a method of treatment of middle laryngostenosis of paralytic etiology with laterofixation of the vocal fold is proposed the technique includes an extralaryngeal approach to the thyroid cartilage SP from the front subpericartilaginous resection o... | [
{
"id": "296",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"CT"
],
"offsets": [
[
325,
327
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "cricothyroid muscle"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
297 | 187863 | [
{
"id": "298",
"type": "PubMed abstract",
"text": [
"serial sections of normal human embryos were studied and threedimensional images reconstructed to determine the early development of the interventricular SP the position of the interventricular SP is determined in stage of normal OD by the forma... | [
{
"id": "299",
"type": "abbreviation",
"text": [
"IVT"
],
"offsets": [
[
775,
778
]
],
"normalized": [
{
"db_name": "medal",
"db_id": "ventricle"
}
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
End of preview. Expand in Data Studio
Dataset Card for MeDAL
The Repository for Medical Dataset for Abbreviation Disambiguation for Natural Language Understanding (MeDAL) is a large medical text dataset curated for abbreviation disambiguation, designed for natural language understanding pre-training in the medical domain.
Citation Information
@inproceedings{,
title = {MeDAL\: Medical Abbreviation Disambiguation Dataset for Natural Language Understanding Pretraining},
author = {Wen, Zhi and Lu, Xing Han and Reddy, Siva},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd Clinical Natural Language Processing Workshop},
month = {Nov},
year = {2020},
address = {Online},
publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
url = {https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/2020.clinicalnlp-1.15},
pages = {130--135},
}
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