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ameyhengle
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Multilingual-Needle-in-a-Haystack

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stringclasses
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needle_lang
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question_lang
stringclasses
1 value
distractor_lang
stringclasses
8 values
needle_position
stringclasses
3 values
answer_text_format
stringclasses
98 values
answer_start_index
int64
0
2.19k
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100 values
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9.56k
46.2k
a4968ca8a18de16aa3859be760e43dbd3af3fce9
en
en
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Rutgers University biochemists
457
Biopsies taken from the complainants were analyzed by Rutgers University biochemists, who found high levels of dioxin, dibenzofuran, and trichloroethylene in their body fat
Write a high-quality answer for the given question using only the provided passages (some of which might be irrelevant). ### Passages [0] In 1994, five unnamed civilian contractors and the widows of contractors Walter Kasza and Robert Frost sued the USAF and the United States Environmental Protection Agency. Their sui...
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George Washington University law professor Jonathan Turley
218
Their suit, in which they were represented by George Washington University law professor Jonathan Turley, alleged they had been present when large quantities of unknown chemicals had been burned in open pits and trenches at Groom
Write a high-quality answer for the given question using only the provided passages (some of which might be irrelevant). ### Passages [0] In 1994, five unnamed civilian contractors and the widows of contractors Walter Kasza and Robert Frost sued the USAF and the United States Environmental Protection Agency. Their sui...
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en
en
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the USAF had illegally handled toxic materials, and that the EPA had failed in its duty to enforce the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (which governs handling of dangerous materials)
826
The suit sought compensation for the injuries they had sustained, claiming the USAF had illegally handled toxic materials, and that the EPA had failed in its duty to enforce the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (which governs handling of dangerous materials)
Write a high-quality answer for the given question using only the provided passages (some of which might be irrelevant). ### Passages [0] In 1994, five unnamed civilian contractors and the widows of contractors Walter Kasza and Robert Frost sued the USAF and the United States Environmental Protection Agency. Their sui...
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en
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had sustained skin, liver, and respiratory injuries
607
The complainants alleged they had sustained skin, liver, and respiratory injuries due to their work at Groom, and that this had contributed to the deaths of Frost and Kasza
Write a high-quality answer for the given question using only the provided passages (some of which might be irrelevant). ### Passages [0] In 1994, five unnamed civilian contractors and the widows of contractors Walter Kasza and Robert Frost sued the USAF and the United States Environmental Protection Agency. Their sui...
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en
en
de
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January 2006
3
In January 2006, space historian Dwayne A
Write a high-quality answer for the given question using only the provided passages (some of which might be irrelevant). ### Passages [0] In January 2006, space historian Dwayne A. Day published an article in online aerospace magazine The Space Review titled "Astronauts and Area 51: the Skylab Incident". The article w...
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de
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Area 51
132
"Its secretive nature and undoubted connection to classified aircraft research, together with report(...TRUNCATED)
"Write a high-quality answer for the given question using only the provided passages (some of which (...TRUNCATED)
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en
en
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Area 51
256
Some of the activities mentioned in such theories at Area 51 include:
"Write a high-quality answer for the given question using only the provided passages (some of which (...TRUNCATED)
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restricted
215
"A civil aviation chart published by the Nevada Department of Transportation shows a large restricte(...TRUNCATED)
"Write a high-quality answer for the given question using only the provided passages (some of which (...TRUNCATED)
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en
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disciplinary
363
"Even military pilots training in the NAFR risk disciplinary action if they stray into the exclusion(...TRUNCATED)
"Write a high-quality answer for the given question using only the provided passages (some of which (...TRUNCATED)
2079cf7ce47961738e4bd0d527d0b1058210f869
en
en
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The lakebed
0
"The lakebed made an ideal strip from which they could test aircraft, and the Emigrant Valley's moun(...TRUNCATED)
"Write a high-quality answer for the given question using only the provided passages (some of which (...TRUNCATED)
End of preview. Expand in Data Studio

Multilingual Needle in a Haystack (MLNeedle)

The MultiLingual Needle-in-a-Haystack (MLNeedle) test is a dataset designed to assess how well Large Language Models (LLMs) find specific information ("needle") within long, multilingual texts ("haystack"). Built on MLQA, it contains over 5,000 extractive question-answer instances across seven languages (English, Arabic, German, Spanish, Hindi, Vietnamese, Simplified Chinese). We systematically vary the "needle's" language and position to evaluate LLM robustness in long-context scenarios.

Dataset Structure

The MLNeedle dataset is organized into configurations based on the total context length, mirroring the experimental setups in the original paper. Each configuration (e.g., 4k, 8k, 16k, 32k) contains splits for each of the seven languages, indicating the language of the 'needle' document.

How to Load

You can load the MLNeedle dataset using the Hugging Face datasets library. You need to specify the config_name for the desired context length and the split for the desired needle language.

from datasets import load_dataset

# Load the 4k context length configuration with English needles
dataset_4k_en = load_dataset("ameyhengle/Multilingual-Needle-in-a-Haystack", "4k", split="en")
print(dataset_4k_en)

# Load the 8k context length configuration with Spanish needles
dataset_8k_es = load_dataset("ameyhengle/Multilingual-Needle-in-a-Haystack", "8k", split="es")
print(dataset_8k_es)

# To iterate through all available configurations and splits
for config in ["4k", "8k", "16k", "32k"]:
    for lang in ["en", "es", "de", "zh", "vi", "ar", "hi"]:
        dataset = load_dataset("ameyhengle/Multilingual-Needle-in-a-Haystack", config, split=lang)
        print(f"Loaded config: {config}, language: {lang}, size: {len(dataset)}")

Citation

If you use the MLNeedle dataset in your research, please cite the original paper:

@inproceedings{hengle-etal-2025-multilingual,
    title = "Multilingual Needle in a Haystack: Investigating Long-Context Behavior of Multilingual Large Language Models",
    author = "Hengle, Amey  and
      Bajpai, Prasoon  and
      Dan, Soham  and
      Chakraborty, Tanmoy",
    editor = "Chiruzzo, Luis  and
      Ritter, Alan  and
      Wang, Lu",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2025 Conference of the Nations of the Americas Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies (Volume 1: Long Papers)",
    month = apr,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Albuquerque, New Mexico",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2025.naacl-long.267/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/2025.naacl-long.267",
    pages = "5165--5180",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-189-6",
}
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