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9,781
Reassurance
CT scan of the neck
↑ NADH/NAD+; ALT:AST ≥ 2:1; ß-oxidation ↓; ß-hydroxybutyrate ↓; lactic acid ↓
Subacromial bursitis
Vaginal cancer
4
A 74-year-old man presents to the emergency department with sudden-onset abdominal pain that is most painful around the umbilicus. The pain began 16 hours ago and has no association with meals. He has not been vomiting, but he has had several episodes of bloody loose bowel movements. He was hospitalized 1 week ago f...
Further evaluation of this patient is most likely to show which of the following findings?"
A 44-year-old with a past medical history significant for human immunodeficiency virus infection presents to the emergency department after he was found to be experiencing worsening confusion. The patient was noted to be disoriented by residents and staff at the homeless shelter where he resides. On presentation he rep...
3,594
Pallor, cyanosis, and erythema of the hands
Growth hormone therapy
Low molecular weight heparin
D2 receptors of the basal ganglia
Terminal bronchioles
3
A 44-year-old with a past medical history significant for human immunodeficiency virus infection presents to the emergency department after he was found to be experiencing worsening confusion. The patient was noted to be disoriented by residents and staff at the homeless shelter where he resides. On presentation he r...
A lumbar puncture is performed with the following results: Opening pressure: Normal Fluid color: Clear Cell count: Increased lymphocytes Protein: Slightly elevated Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient's symptoms?
A 55-year-old man presents to the physician with tiredness, lethargy, bone pain, and colicky right abdominal pain for 1 month. He has no comorbidities. He does not have any significant past medical history. His height is 176 cm (5 ft 7 in), weight is 88 kg (194 lb), and his BMI is 28.47 kg/m2. The physical examination ...
7,637
Achlorhydria
Leukocyte casts
Bone scan (DEXA)
Posterior midline of the anal canal, proximal to the pectinate line
Increased partial pressure of oxygen
2
A 36-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by his wife 20 minutes after having a seizure. Over the past 3 days, he has had a fever and worsening headaches. This morning, his wife noticed that he was irritable and demonstrated strange behavior; he put the back of his fork, the salt shaker, and the lid of...
Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
A 70-year-old woman, gravida 5, para 5, comes to the physician for the evaluation of sensation of vaginal fullness for the last six months. During this period, she has had lower back and pelvic pain that is worse with prolonged standing or walking. The patient underwent a hysterectomy at the age of 35 years because of ...
2,295
Acute respiratory distress syndrome
HLA-B8
Large cell lung carcinoma
Enterocele
↑ NADH/NAD+; ALT:AST ≥ 2:1; ß-oxidation ↓; ß-hydroxybutyrate ↓; lactic acid ↑
0
A 5-year-old boy is brought in by his parents for recurrent abdominal pain. The child has been taken out of class 5 times this past week for abdominal pain that resulted in him being sent home. The mother reports that her son's stools have remained unchanged during this time and are brown in color, without blood, and...
Which of the following trinucleotide repeats is this child most likely to possess?
A 36-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by his wife 20 minutes after having a seizure. Over the past 3 days, he has had a fever and worsening headaches. This morning, his wife noticed that he was irritable and demonstrated strange behavior; he put the back of his fork, the salt shaker, and the lid of t...
3,925
H2 receptors of the stomach
Warfarin
Herpes simplex virus
CT scan of the head
Bisphosphonate therapy "
0
A 2-year-old boy is presented to the pediatrician due to poor weight gain and easy fatigability. His mother states that the patient barely engages in any physical activity as he becomes short of breath easily. The prenatal and birth histories are insignificant. Past medical history includes a few episodes of upper r...
Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
A 42-year-old man presents for evaluation of vitamin D deficiency with possible osteomalacia. The patient had a pathologic fracture 3 weeks ago and was found to have dangerously low levels of vitamin D with normal serum calcium levels. Bone density has been drastically affected, leading to the fracture this patient exp...
4,147
↑ NADH/NAD+; AST:ALT ≥ 2:1; ß-oxidation ↓; ß-hydroxybutyrate ↑; lactic acid ↑
Anterior midline of the anal canal, proximal to the pectinate line
Perform a stool culture
Glucocerebrosidase
IV vancomycin
4
A 65-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 2-month history of persistent pain in her right shoulder. The pain is localized to the top of the shoulder and is worse with movement. She has stiffness in the right shoulder that is worse in the morning and usually lasts 20 minutes. The patient reports that sh...
Which of the following changes would produce the same effect on the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve as this athlete's training did?
A 34-year-old man presents to a clinic with complaints of abdominal discomfort and blood in the urine for 2 days. He has had similar abdominal discomfort during the past 5 years, although he does not remember passing blood in the urine. He has had hypertension for the past 2 years, for which he has been prescribed medi...
9,107
CT scan
Group B streptococcus
IV ceftriaxone
Coarctation of aorta
Homogentisate oxidase
1
A 22-year-old man comes to the physician because of headaches and blurry vision for the past 6 months. He also reports frequent episodes of vomiting over the last month. His father has died of renal cell carcinoma at the age of 37 years. Examination shows 20/40 vision bilaterally. Fundoscopic examination shows bila...
Which of the following is the most likely explanation for these findings?
A 40-year-old G1P0010 presents to the clinic with nausea and vomiting 8 weeks after a spontaneous abortion at 10 weeks gestation. She admits to heavy drinking (7–8 glasses of wine per day) for the last 20 years; however, after the pregnancy loss, she increased her drinking to 8–9 glasses per day. Hepatomegaly, right up...
9,425
Immune complex formation and deposition
Cholelithiasis
Calcific tendinitis
CTG
Proteinuria
2
A 8-month-old boy is brought to the physician for the evaluation of shortening of his arms and legs. The parents report that they have also noticed that their son's head is progressively enlarging. The patient was born at term via vaginal delivery. There is no personal or family history of serious illness. His immu...
This patient's symptoms are most likely caused by tissue injury in which of the following locations?
A 68-year-old man is admitted to the intensive care unit after open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. The patient has received 4 units of packed red blood cells during the surgery. During the first 24 hours following the procedure, he has only passed 200 mL of urine. He has congestive heart failure and hypertension. Cu...
9,469
Aspirin and clopidogrel
Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD)
Respiratory bronchioles
HLA-DR3
Sestamibi scan only
4
A 5-day-old male newborn is brought to the emergency department 1 hour after having a seizure. It lasted approximately 1 minute, and involved blinking and lip-smacking movements as well as left-sided jerking of the hand and foot. His mother says she measured a temperature of 38.2°C (100.7°F) at that time. He has had...
Which of the following is the most appropriate pharmacotherapy?"
A 2-year-old boy is presented to the pediatrician due to poor weight gain and easy fatigability. His mother states that the patient barely engages in any physical activity as he becomes short of breath easily. The prenatal and birth histories are insignificant. Past medical history includes a few episodes of upper resp...
1,754
Squamous cell lung carcinoma
Calcitriol
Hyperinsulinemia
Distal trachea
Ependymoma
3
An investigator is studying the principles of cell-to-cell signaling of the autonomic nervous system. It is found that the adrenal medulla has receptors that, when activated, result in the immediate opening of Na+, Ca2+, and K+ channels, which subsequently leads to the secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine.
All of the following symptoms and signs would be expected to be present EXCEPT:
A 53-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician with joint pain. She reports a 6-month history of progressive pain in her hands that is worse around her knuckles. The pain is symmetric bilaterally and seems to improve after she starts working in the morning at her job in a local grocery store. She has also l...
2,397
Cryptococcus
Rotator cuff tear
Decreased 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate
Ultrasound of the neck only
Urgent blood transfusion
2
A 42-year-old man presents for evaluation of vitamin D deficiency with possible osteomalacia. The patient had a pathologic fracture 3 weeks ago and was found to have dangerously low levels of vitamin D with normal serum calcium levels. Bone density has been drastically affected, leading to the fracture this patient e...
Which is the most likely pathological finding present in this patient?
A 8-month-old boy is brought to the physician for the evaluation of shortening of his arms and legs. The parents report that they have also noticed that their son's head is progressively enlarging. The patient was born at term via vaginal delivery. There is no personal or family history of serious illness. His immuniza...
7,839
Cervical radiculopathy
Prolyl hydroxylase
Medullary cystic disease
Fresh frozen plasma
Biceps tendinitis
1
A 72-year-old man presents to the emergency department after a fall. The patient was found lying down on the floor in his room in his retirement community. The patient has a past medical history of Alzheimer dementia and a prosthetic valve. His current medications include donepezil and warfarin. His temperature is ...
Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
A 5-year-old boy is brought in by his parents for recurrent abdominal pain. The child has been taken out of class 5 times this past week for abdominal pain that resulted in him being sent home. The mother reports that her son's stools have remained unchanged during this time and are brown in color, without blood, and w...
6,952
Medulloblastoma
Antigen contact with presensitized T-lymphocytes
Breakdown of endothelial tight junctions
Increased carbon monoxide inhalation
Lung adenocarcinoma
4
A 58-year-old man is brought to the emergency department after a witnessed tonic-clonic seizure. His wife says he has had a persistent dry cough for 6 months. During this time period, he has also had fatigue and a 4.5-kg (10-lb) weight loss. The patient has no history of serious illness and does not take any medicat...
Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
An 8-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department because of shortness of breath and dry cough for 2 days. His symptoms began after he helped his father clean the basement. He is allergic to shellfish. Respirations are 26/min. Physical examination shows diffuse end-expiratory wheezing and decreased inspiratory-t...
5,122
Alopecia areata
Calcium deposits on digits
CAG
Degranulation of eosinophils
NM receptors of the quadriceps femoris muscle
1
An 8-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department because of shortness of breath and dry cough for 2 days. His symptoms began after he helped his father clean the basement. He is allergic to shellfish. Respirations are 26/min. Physical examination shows diffuse end-expiratory wheezing and decreased inspirato...
The lack of what compound is most responsible for the formation of this disease?
A 30-year-old woman presents to the clinic for a 3-month history of painful hair loss. She was in her usual state of health until about 3 months ago when she started to develop some painfully itchy spots across her scalp. Since that time these spots have lost hair and scarred, with new spots continuing to form. On furt...
3,631
Calcifediol
Atrophic vaginitis
Levothyroxine therapy
Hemangioblastoma
Amyloid plaques
3
A 1-year-old boy is brought to the physician by his parents for the evaluation of recurrent seizures. He is at the 5th percentile for height and 10th percentile for weight. Examination shows coarse pale hair, inelastic hypopigmented skin, and generalized hypotonia. Laboratory studies show low serum ceruloplasmin lev...
Further evaluation of this patient is most likely to reveal which of the following findings?
A 48-year old man comes to the physician for the evaluation of an 8-month history of fatigue and profuse, watery, odorless diarrhea. He reports that he has had a 10.5-kg (23-lb) weight loss during this time. Physical examination shows conjunctival pallor and poor skin turgor. Laboratory studies show: Hemoglobin 9.8 g/d...
7,085
Release of vascular endothelial growth factor
GAA
Liver disease
Budd-chiari syndrome
Begin cognitive behavioral therapy
1
A 79-year-old man is brought to the emergency department after he noted the abrupt onset of weakness accompanied by decreased sensation on his left side. His symptoms developed rapidly, peaked within 1 minute, and began to spontaneously resolve 10 minutes later. Upon arrival in the emergency room 40 minutes after the...
What is the most likely diagnosis?
A 22-year-old man comes to the physician because of headaches and blurry vision for the past 6 months. He also reports frequent episodes of vomiting over the last month. His father has died of renal cell carcinoma at the age of 37 years. Examination shows 20/40 vision bilaterally. Fundoscopic examination shows bilatera...
6,667
Drug abuse
Alpha 1 receptors of the bladder neck
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Carotid stenting
Increased hydrostatic pressure
4
A 13-month-old girl is brought to the physician because of a pruritic rash for 2 days. The girl's mother says she noticed a few isolated skin lesions on her trunk two days ago that appear to be itching. The girl received her routine immunizations 18 days ago. Her mother has been giving her ibuprofen for her symptoms...
Which of the following findings is most likely to be true in her condition?
A 35-year-old woman presents to the ER with shortness of breath, cough, and severe lower limb enlargement. The dyspnea was of sudden onset, started a week ago, and increased with exercise but did not disappear with rest. Her cough was dry, persistent, and non-productive. She has a family history of maternal hypertensio...
3,572
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
Bronchiectasis
M2 receptors of heart
Hypercoagulable state
Replication of the attenuated vaccine strain
0
A 35-year-old woman presents to the ER with shortness of breath, cough, and severe lower limb enlargement. The dyspnea was of sudden onset, started a week ago, and increased with exercise but did not disappear with rest. Her cough was dry, persistent, and non-productive. She has a family history of maternal hyperten...
After a conversation with the child exploring his symptoms, which of the following is the next step in management for this child?
A 74-year-old man presents to the emergency department with sudden-onset abdominal pain that is most painful around the umbilicus. The pain began 16 hours ago and has no association with meals. He has not been vomiting, but he has had several episodes of bloody loose bowel movements. He was hospitalized 1 week ago for ...
9,045
HLA-B27
Small cell lung carcinoma
Lysyl oxidase
Cystic fibrosis
Hypercoagulability studies
2
A 53-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician with joint pain. She reports a 6-month history of progressive pain in her hands that is worse around her knuckles. The pain is symmetric bilaterally and seems to improve after she starts working in the morning at her job in a local grocery store. She has als...
What is the most likely diagnosis?
A 58-year-old man is brought to the emergency department after a witnessed tonic-clonic seizure. His wife says he has had a persistent dry cough for 6 months. During this time period, he has also had fatigue and a 4.5-kg (10-lb) weight loss. The patient has no history of serious illness and does not take any medication...
8,370
CGG
Atrial septal defect (ASD)
Lewy bodies
Begin treatment with ciprofloxacin
Complete blood count
2
A 48-year old man comes to the physician for the evaluation of an 8-month history of fatigue and profuse, watery, odorless diarrhea. He reports that he has had a 10.5-kg (23-lb) weight loss during this time. Physical examination shows conjunctival pallor and poor skin turgor. Laboratory studies show: Hemoglobin 9.8 ...
Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis in this patient?
A 24-year-old professional athlete is advised to train in the mountains to enhance his performance. After 5 months of training at an altitude of 1.5 km (5,000 feet), he is able to increase his running pace while competing at sea-level venues. Which of the following changes would produce the same effect on the oxygen-he...
2,622
Decreased urine osmolarity
Cellular retention of sodium
Infectious vulvovaginitis
Neisseria meningitidis
Lateral aspect of the anal canal, distal to the pectinate line
0
A 30-year-old woman presents to the clinic for a 3-month history of painful hair loss. She was in her usual state of health until about 3 months ago when she started to develop some painfully itchy spots across her scalp. Since that time these spots have lost hair and scarred, with new spots continuing to form. On f...
Which of the following is the best next step in management?
A 35-year-old man presents to pulmonary function clinic for preoperative evaluation for a right pneumonectomy. His arterial blood gas at room air is as follows: pH: 7.34 PaCO2: 68 mmHg PaO2: 56 mmHg Base excess: +1 O2 saturation: 89% What underlying condition most likely explains these findings?
286
99mTc sestamibi scan with ultrasound of the neck
Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE)
Exploratory laparotomy
Pick bodies
Episodic hypertension
3
A 55-year-old man presents to the physician with tiredness, lethargy, bone pain, and colicky right abdominal pain for 1 month. He has no comorbidities. He does not have any significant past medical history. His height is 176 cm (5 ft 7 in), weight is 88 kg (194 lb), and his BMI is 28.47 kg/m2. The physical examinat...
Decreased activity of which of the following enzymes is most likely responsible for this patient's condition?
An investigator is studying the principles of cell-to-cell signaling of the autonomic nervous system. It is found that the adrenal medulla has receptors that, when activated, result in the immediate opening of Na+, Ca2+, and K+ channels, which subsequently leads to the secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine. These...
3,718
IV ganciclovir
Pyrimethamine
Blanching vascular abnormalities
PTH
Acquired cystic kidney disease
3
A 35-year-old woman comes to your office with a variety of complaints. As part of her evaluation, she undergoes laboratory testing which reveals the presence of anti-centromere antibodies.
Which of the following is most likely the primary mechanism of the development of edema in this patient?
A 72-year-old man presents to the emergency department after a fall. The patient was found lying down on the floor in his room in his retirement community. The patient has a past medical history of Alzheimer dementia and a prosthetic valve. His current medications include donepezil and warfarin. His temperature is 97.7...
4,202
Increase oral hydration and fiber intake
Glioblastoma
Reactivation of virus dormant in dorsal root ganglion
Deep vein thrombosis
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)
0
A 40-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 2-week history of anal pain that occurs during defecation and lasts for several hours. She reports that she often strains during defecation and sees bright red blood on toilet paper after wiping. She typically has 3 bowel movements per week. Physical examinatio...
Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?
A 65-year-old man was picked up by the security personnel for voiding urine and defecating at an inappropriate place in the community. On questioning, he was making offensive remarks and behaving inappropriately. On physical examination, the physician observed an ataxic gait and amnesia. Initial urine drug screen is ne...
9,953
Phenylalanine hydroxylase
↑ NAD+/NADH; ALT:AST ≥ 2:1; ß-oxidation ↑; ß-hydroxybutyrate, no change; lactic acid ↓
Oligodendroglioma
Simple renal cysts
25-hydroxycholecalciferol
3
A 70-year-old woman, gravida 5, para 5, comes to the physician for the evaluation of sensation of vaginal fullness for the last six months. During this period, she has had lower back and pelvic pain that is worse with prolonged standing or walking. The patient underwent a hysterectomy at the age of 35 years because o...
Which of the following interventions is most appropriate for this patient's condition?
An 8-year-old boy is brought to the pediatrician because his mother is concerned about recent behavioral changes. His mother states that she has started to notice that he is slurring his speech and seems to be falling more than normal. On exam, the pediatrician observes the boy has pes cavus, hammer toes, and kyposcoli...
9,525
Mesenteric angiography
PrPSC Sheets
Anterior midline of the anal canal, distal to the pectinate line
↑ NAD+/NADH; AST:ALT ≥ 2:1; ß-oxidation ↑; ß-hydroxybutyrate ↓; lactic acid ↓
HLA-DR4
0
A 35-year-old man presents to pulmonary function clinic for preoperative evaluation for a right pneumonectomy.
This patient's symptoms are most likely being caused by inflammation of which of the following structures?
A 79-year-old man is brought to the emergency department after he noted the abrupt onset of weakness accompanied by decreased sensation on his left side. His symptoms developed rapidly, peaked within 1 minute, and began to spontaneously resolve 10 minutes later. Upon arrival in the emergency room 40 minutes after the i...
5,978
Pleural cavity
Coronary artery disease
Hematuria
Tinea capitis
Trichotillomania
3
A 68-year-old man is admitted to the intensive care unit after open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. The patient has received 4 units of packed red blood cells during the surgery. During the first 24 hours following the procedure, he has only passed 200 mL of urine. He has congestive heart failure and hypertension....
His arterial blood gas at room air is as follows: pH: 7.34 PaCO2: 68 mmHg PaO2: 56 mmHg Base excess: +1 O2 saturation: 89% What underlying condition most likely explains these findings?
A 1-year-old boy is brought to the physician by his parents for the evaluation of recurrent seizures. He is at the 5th percentile for height and 10th percentile for weight. Examination shows coarse pale hair, inelastic hypopigmented skin, and generalized hypotonia. Laboratory studies show low serum ceruloplasmin levels...
9,654
Posterior midline of the anal canal, distal to the pectinate line
CT scanning
Secondary syphilis
Bronchial carcinoid tumor
Obesity
4
A 65-year-old man was picked up by the security personnel for voiding urine and defecating at an inappropriate place in the community. On questioning, he was making offensive remarks and behaving inappropriately. On physical examination, the physician observed an ataxic gait and amnesia. Initial urine drug screen is...
These receptors are structurally most similar to which of the following receptors?
A 65-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 2-month history of persistent pain in her right shoulder. The pain is localized to the top of the shoulder and is worse with movement. She has stiffness in the right shoulder that is worse in the morning and usually lasts 20 minutes. The patient reports that she i...
1,838
Decreased pH
Check the stool for fecal red blood cells and leukocytes
Plain abdominal X-rays
Crosslinking of preformed IgE antibodies
Tuberculosis
0
A 34-year-old man presents to a clinic with complaints of abdominal discomfort and blood in the urine for 2 days. He has had similar abdominal discomfort during the past 5 years, although he does not remember passing blood in the urine. He has had hypertension for the past 2 years, for which he has been prescribed me...
This patient’s condition is most strongly characterized by which of the following?
A 5-day-old male newborn is brought to the emergency department 1 hour after having a seizure. It lasted approximately 1 minute, and involved blinking and lip-smacking movements as well as left-sided jerking of the hand and foot. His mother says she measured a temperature of 38.2°C (100.7°F) at that time. He has had in...
1,854
Left-sided heart failure
Exploratory laparoscopy
Vitamin D binding protein
Low urine sodium
GCC
1
An 8-year-old boy is brought to the pediatrician because his mother is concerned about recent behavioral changes. His mother states that she has started to notice that he is slurring his speech and seems to be falling more than normal. On exam, the pediatrician observes the boy has pes cavus, hammer toes, and kyposco...
What is the most appropriate next step in his management?
A 40-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 2-week history of anal pain that occurs during defecation and lasts for several hours. She reports that she often strains during defecation and sees bright red blood on toilet paper after wiping. She typically has 3 bowel movements per week. Physical examination s...
8,768
Bartholin gland cyst
Alveoli
Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
Colonoscopy
Heartburn and regurgitation
3
A 40-year-old G1P0010 presents to the clinic with nausea and vomiting 8 weeks after a spontaneous abortion at 10 weeks gestation. She admits to heavy drinking (7–8 glasses of wine per day) for the last 20 years; however, after the pregnancy loss, she increased her drinking to 8–9 glasses per day. Hepatomegaly, right ...
Microscopic examination of this density is most likely to confirm which of the following diagnoses?
A 35-year-old woman comes to your office with a variety of complaints. As part of her evaluation, she undergoes laboratory testing which reveals the presence of anti-centromere antibodies. All of the following symptoms and signs would be expected to be present EXCEPT:
4,833
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD)
Decreased temperature
HLA-DR2
IV acyclovir
Cor pulmonale
0
A 24-year-old professional athlete is advised to train in the mountains to enhance his performance. After 5 months of training at an altitude of 1.5 km (5,000 feet), he is able to increase his running pace while competing at sea-level venues.
Which of the following is the definitive test to assess the patient condition?
A 13-month-old girl is brought to the physician because of a pruritic rash for 2 days. The girl's mother says she noticed a few isolated skin lesions on her trunk two days ago that appear to be itching. The girl received her routine immunizations 18 days ago. Her mother has been giving her ibuprofen for her symptoms. T...

edition_0014_lavita-medical-qa-shared-task-v1-toy-readymade

A Readymade by TheFactoryX

Original Dataset

lavita/medical-qa-shared-task-v1-toy

Process

This dataset is a "readymade" - inspired by Marcel Duchamp's concept of taking everyday objects and recontextualizing them as art.

What we did:

  1. Selected the original dataset from Hugging Face
  2. Shuffled each column independently
  3. Destroyed all row-wise relationships
  4. Preserved structure, removed meaning

The result: Same data. Wrong order. New meaning. No meaning.

Purpose

This is art. This is not useful. This is the point.

Column relationships have been completely destroyed. The data maintains its types and values, but all semantic meaning has been removed.


Part of the Readymades project by TheFactoryX.

"I am a machine." — Andy Warhol

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