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[EDITORIAL BOARD]
EDITORIAL BOARD
Professor Simbi Mubako
Pritchard Zhou
Ambassador Kwame Muzawazi
Front cover and book design by Wisdom H T Tayengwa
First published in September 2020
All Rights Reserved
ISBN 978-1-77925-413-9
Printed in South Africa
Published by the Book of African Records (BAR) in partnership ... | EDITORIAL BOARD | [
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] | 1 | 833 | ||
[SPECIAL RECOGNITION]
SPECIAL RECOGNITION
This Factbook was produced by the Institute of African Knowledge (INSTAK), the sister institute of the Book of African Records which originally signed an MOU with the African
Union Commission to publish this Factbook. | SPECIAL RECOGNITION | [
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] | 1 | 262 | ||
[THE PARTNERSHIP | African Union Commission]
THE PARTNERSHIP
African Union Commission
H.E Moussa Faki Mahamat, Chairperson
Ambassador Abdoulaye Diop, Chief of Staff
Leslie Richer, Director of Information and Communication
Wynne Musabayana, Head of Communication
Gamal Eldin Ahmed A Karrar, Senior Communication Offic... | THE PARTNERSHIP | African Union Commission | [
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] | 1 | 381 | |
[RESEARCHERS]
RESEARCHERS
Alexander Madanha Rusero
Dr Lucky Bangidza
Dr Sambulo Ndlovu
Ellen Maguranyanga
Eng Edmund Maputi
Juliet Gwenzi
Prof Fidelis Duri
Prof Mku Ityokumbul
Prof Sheunesu Mpepereki
Robson Sharuko
Tatenda Duncan Kavu
Tennyson Mutsambi
Vasco Chikwasha | RESEARCHERS | [
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] | 1 | 270 | ||
[APPRECIATION]
APPRECIATION
Our profound gratitude goes to the London-based pan-African magazine, New African, and its parent company IC Publications, for opening their rich archives to us during the preparation of this Factbook.
New African has long been the veritable voice of Africa, and we acknowledge the huge de... | APPRECIATION | [
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] | 1 | 470 | ||
[ACKNOWLEDGEMENT]
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Our special thanks go to the following historians, scholars, writers, Pan-Africanists, and journalists whose works were quoted in extenso in this Factbook. We are greatly indebted to them. Their invaluable works are very highly appreciated.
Dr Kwame Nkrumah
Ayi Kwei Armah
Cheikh Ant... | ACKNOWLEDGEMENT | [
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[EDITOR'S NOTE | At last, liberation has arrived]
EDITOR'S NOTE
At last, liberation has arrived
"For too long, others have spoken for us." These words by Lonnie Bunche, the founding director of the African-American Museum of Culture and History in Washington DC, sums up, in a way, what The Africa Factbook is all abo... | EDITOR'S NOTE | At last, liberation has arrived | [
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[PUBLISHERS' NOTE]
PUBLISHERS' NOTE
For over 600 years, Africa has mostly been silent whilst historians in world capitals have taken it upon themselves to define us. They mostly succeeded because we kept quiet. But no one could have said it better than Martin Luther King Jnr: "There comes a time when silence is betra... | PUBLISHERS' NOTE | [
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[SPECIAL INTRO]
SPECIAL INTRO
Zimbabwe as a country feels privileged to have had the first opportunity to host and support the production of the first edition of The Africa Factbook. The expectations are high but we believe the team responsible for production did a sterling job that for many generations to come will ... | SPECIAL INTRO | [
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"40334-doc-africa_factbook-version-digital.pdf_chunk_27"
] | 2 | 1,916 | ||
[INTRODUCTION]
INTRODUCTION
The history of the world and the endeavours of the human race are told through the stories of people and their cultures. Some stories are well known; some are still to be told. For centuries, the story of Africa has largely been told by others, often by those who have occupied our land and... | INTRODUCTION | [
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] | 3 | 2,205 | ||
[INTRODUCTION | Matamela Cyril Ramaphosa]
Matamela Cyril Ramaphosa
President of the Republic of South Africa
Chairperson of the African Union (2020)
"Until the story of the hunt is told by the lion, the tale of the hunt will always glorify the hunter" - African proverb | INTRODUCTION | Matamela Cyril Ramaphosa | [
"40334-doc-africa_factbook-version-digital.pdf_chunk_32"
] | 1 | 272 | |
[Contents | Section A]
Contents
Section A
1. Ancient Egypt, our roots! 1
2. Who were the Ancient Egyptians? 27
3. Africa has a history! 43
4. The gods are not crazy \mid 59
5. The Later Stone Age Cultures of Southern Africa 69
6. Race: To be black is to be different, not inferior \mid \mathbf8 9
7. African foundatio... | Contents | Section A | [
"40334-doc-africa_factbook-version-digital.pdf_chunk_33"
] | 1 | 991 | |
[Contents | Section B]
Section B
1. Algeria \mid \mathbf2 8 1
2. Angola \mid \mathbf2 8 4
3. Benin \mid \mathbf2 9 7
4. Botswana \mid \mathbf3 0 5
5. Burkina Faso \mid \mathbf3 1 3
6. Burundi \mid \mathbf3 2 1
7. Cape Verde \mid \mathbf3 2 9
8. Cameroon \mid \mathbf3 3 7
9. Central African Republic \mid \mathbf3 4 5
... | Contents | Section B | [
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"40334-doc-africa_factbook-version-digital.pdf_chunk_35"
] | 2 | 1,635 | |
[Section C]
Section C
1. Has a black person ever invented anything? \mid 713
2. The Acts of the Africans \mid 719
Section C
Hegel, the German philosopher on whose writings Occidental thought built much of its conceptions of the world, is credited with remarking that: "The Negro ... exhibits the natural man in his c... | Section C | [
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[Section A]
For almost a millennium, Euro-American historians, writers and journalists have told the world that Africa has contributed almost nothing to world civilisation, even though Africans created the world's first real civilisation in Ancient Egypt, which taught the world almost all the things we take for grante... | Section A | [
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"40334-doc-africa_factbook-version-digital.pdf_chunk_40"
] | 2 | 1,310 | ||
[Ancient Egypt, our roots!]
Ancient Egypt, our roots!
Few controversies have hit Africa, since the death of Christ, greater than the denial of the ownership of Ancient Egypt, one of the world's greatest empires that developed in the Nile Valley of northeast Africa, along the contours of the Nile River, the world's lo... | Ancient Egypt, our roots! | [
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[Ancient Egypt, our roots!]
"I was convinced that what troubled me and what I wanted to know was what troubled the black masses and what they wanted to know. We wanted to know the whole truth, good and bad. For it would be a continuing degradation of the African people if we simply destroyed the present system of raci... | Ancient Egypt, our roots! | [
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[In the beginning]
In the beginning
"The reliable facts" about Ancient Egypt say that the subjugation of Africa and its peoples began in earnest with the control of their minds which to date has reaped surplus dividends to outsiders, especially the European colonisers. Therefore, the basis of African emancipation or ... | In the beginning | [
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[In the beginning | Kemet (also known as Ancient Egypt)]
Kemet (also known as Ancient Egypt)
The origins of Ancient Egypt lay in several kingdoms in Upper Egypt, at Abydos and Hierakonpolis, which then spread northwards towards Memphis and the Mediterranean. In ancient times, Egypt was called by indigenous names - Ta... | In the beginning | Kemet (also known as Ancient Egypt) | [
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[SECTION A: AFRICA FACTBOOK]
SECTION A: AFRICA FACTBOOK
terminologies was at once a blessing and a curse in the history of the Blacks. Not knowing the racist twist that modern history was to take, these early historians, geographers and travellers reported what they found and described peoples in their own terms of s... | SECTION A: AFRICA FACTBOOK | [
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[SECTION A: AFRICA FACTBOOK]
"The European view, the ruling orthodoxy under the slavery, colonialism and apartheid, is alive and well under globalisation. Of racist paternity, it is based not on scholarly evidence but on an established worldview muscular enough to hammer inconvenient evidence into silence. The logic b... | SECTION A: AFRICA FACTBOOK | [
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[SECTION A: AFRICA FACTBOOK]
Representatives of Germany's five main political parties expressed satisfaction that a state of "legal peace" had been reached where German companies would be protected from future lawsuits. They said it was a belated, but morally required step to atone for the holocaust. In an address to ... | SECTION A: AFRICA FACTBOOK | [
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[SECTION A: AFRICA FACTBOOK]
Chancellor Williams goes on: "The Blacks, then, were apparently unconcerned about the Asian villages springing up just outside Memphis, the largest one rapidly developing across the river on the right bank. This community was to become the Asian city of Fostat that would challenge the supr... | SECTION A: AFRICA FACTBOOK | [
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[SECTION A: AFRICA FACTBOOK]
Other historians attest that at certain times, foreigners, like the Greeks and Romans, who came to North Africa called the original inhabitants by the generic name "Berbers", from the Latin word "barbari", meaning barbarian. To the Romans, anybody who was not a Roman was a barbarian. But t... | SECTION A: AFRICA FACTBOOK | [
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[SECTION A: AFRICA FACTBOOK]
The Story of the Atlantic Slave Trade by Hugh Thomas
AFRICA FACTBOOK: SECTION A
225
One is left to ask: Does "making amends to victims of the century's vilest crimes" include the Africans enslaved by Europeans and Arabs? Does it also include the African treasures and works of art looted ... | SECTION A: AFRICA FACTBOOK | [
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[SECTION A: AFRICA FACTBOOK | The native people]
It is important to underscore the fact that the ancestors of Ancient Egypt (or Kemet) were of indigenous African Negroid stock. This was during the native period which some historians now call the Archaic and Old Kingdoms (3100-2100BC). In the New Kingdom (1500-1087BC) ... | SECTION A: AFRICA FACTBOOK | The native people | [
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[Land of the Blacks]
Land of the Blacks
The Greeks themselves confirmed - right from Herodotus, Isocrates to Plutarch - that the Egyptians "were very black" and had "woolly hair". These eyewitness accounts were made when Egyptian civilisation had already been in existence for at least 2,000 years. The Egyptians thems... | Land of the Blacks | [
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[Land of the Blacks | The Rosetta Stone]
During the 18th century, there was a renewed interest by Europe in Egyptian gold and artefacts. This made possible the decipherment of the Rosetta Stone (which is currently in the British Museum). It was found in 1799 at the mouth of the River Nile by members of Napoleon's expe... | Land of the Blacks | The Rosetta Stone | [
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[Even the gods were painted black]
Even the gods were painted black
The Ancient Egyptians went as far as painting the images of their gods in coaltar black. There are records showing that early Christendom worshipped and converted the Kemetic "divine mother" Aset (Isis) and Horus, her son, as blacks until the era of ... | Even the gods were painted black | [
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[Other testimonies]
Other testimonies
TimeMap, a website devoted to history, asserts boldly that: "The Ancient Egyptian civilisation produced the first government to rule an entire nation. The Sumerians, who were the only other people to have a literate and urban civilisation by 3000 BC, lived in small city-states, e... | Other testimonies | [
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[Other testimonies]
the modern European fascination with Egypt was fuelled by [the French emperor] Napoleon's conquest of the country in 1798. Modern Egyptology started at that date, and has continued ever since.
"The civilisation of Ancient Egypt is known for its stupendous achievements in a whole range of fields, in... | Other testimonies | [
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[Other testimonies | The invasions of Ancient Egypt]
The invasions of Ancient Egypt
It is yet to be proved that there was any empire that suffered as many invasions by foreigners as Ancient Egypt. One writer sums up the invasions as follows: "During the 18th dynasty, Egypt restored its control over Nubia and began mi... | Other testimonies | The invasions of Ancient Egypt | [
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[Other testimonies | The six migrations]
The six migrations
With every invasion of Ancient Egypt by foreigners, a good chunk of its black native population emigrated to other lands of Africa, south or west of Egypt, to escape the oppression of the invaders or simply to show their distaste of the foreigners who had no... | Other testimonies | The six migrations | [
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[The pyramid builders (c.2686-2181BC)]
The pyramid builders (c.2686-2181BC)
Egypt's Old Kingdom began with the third dynasty of pharaohs. In 2670 BC, King Djoser (of the third dynasty) asked Imhotep, an architect, priest and healer, to design a funerary monument for him; the result was the world's first major stone b... | The pyramid builders (c.2686-2181BC) | [
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[Who were the Ancient Egyptians?]
Who were the Ancient Egyptians?
For any African, there can be no better confirmation or authentication of the origins of the people who built Ancient Egypt than from the acclaimed Ghanaian Egyptologist, novelist, poet and scholar Ayi Kwei Armah, author of The Beautyful Ones Are Not Y... | Who were the Ancient Egyptians? | [
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[Who were the Ancient Egyptians?]
The connectedness of the Akan language and the Ancient Egyptian language that Armah discovered was, in fact, not unusual if one considers that even today,
thousands of years after the African ancestors migrated from Ancient Egypt, there is still a link joining many African languages.... | Who were the Ancient Egyptians? | [
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[Who were the Ancient Egyptians?]
This tradition was a carry-over from Ancient Egypt. Armah confirms that: "In Ancient Egypt, this household practice evolved into the formal placement of a pennant outside the dwellings of spirits. When the concept of spirit or deity came to be written down, the hieroglyphic sign chose... | Who were the Ancient Egyptians? | [
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[Who were the Ancient Egyptians? | The evidence]
The evidence
According to Armah, "the body of writings we now call Ancient Egyptian literature is a substantial corpus considering how long ago its creation began - some 3,000 years before the Christian age, and over 2,000 years before the beginnings of Greek civilisat... | Who were the Ancient Egyptians? | The evidence | [
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[Who were the Ancient Egyptians? | The evidence]
"From general talk, I was able to gather a few more bits. It was said the soul whose relatives and friends failed to bury the body with appropriate food, drinks and currency could not cross the river. In such cases, something terrible happened. That soul, neither alive ... | Who were the Ancient Egyptians? | The evidence | [
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[Two views, one truth]
Two views, one truth
Having set the scene and proved the connectedness between modern Africans and their ancestors who migrated from Ancient Egypt, Ayi Kwei Armah goes on to tell how modern Africans came to be located where they are today on the continent. He writes: "Akan tradition, my earlies... | Two views, one truth | [
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[Who then were the Ancient Egyptians?]
Who then were the Ancient Egyptians?
Ayi Kwei Armah now puts his teeth into the crux of the matter - the identity of the creators of Ancient Egypt, and takes his readers through the nitty-gritty of who the Ancient Egyptians really were. He states: "The natural flow of population... | Who then were the Ancient Egyptians? | [
"40334-doc-africa_factbook-version-digital.pdf_chunk_191",
"40334-doc-africa_factbook-version-digital.pdf_chunk_192"
] | 2 | 2,026 |
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