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pubmed_13704
all of the archival hematoxylin and eosin ( h&e ) stained slides for each patient were reviewed . the nuclear grades and histologic grades were evaluated according to the nottingham grading system.9 the tumor stages were evaluated according to the 7th edition of the american joint committee on cancer ( ajcc ) criteri...
pubmed
16,686
3,118
0.693575
pubmed_31854
gallen international breast cancer conference ( 2011 ) expert panel adopted a new approach towards classifying patients for therapeutic purposes based on the recognition of intrinsic biological subtypes within the breast cancer spectrum . for practical purposes , these subtypes may be approximated using clinicopathol...
pubmed
15,263
2,709
0.750573
pubmed_14157
lupus erythematosus panniculitis ( lep ) , also called lupus erythematosus profundus , is a rare variant of chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus ( ccle ) . lep commonly presents in the third - to - sixth decades of life , with female predilection . the most frequent cutaneous manifestations are indurated plaques o...
pubmed
9,839
1,748
0.750788
pubmed_47696
p.aeruginosa is the predominant gram negative bacterium often associated with ocular infections such as keratitis and scleritis . scleritis is a severe painful condition caused by inflammatory process in the sclera , which may involve cornea , adjacent episclera and underlying uvea may turn into blindness condition ....
pubmed
6,027
935
0.778165
pubmed_45586
however , recently evidence is indicating that clinical examination ( abdominal and vaginal ) for the determination of fetal head position is subjective and inaccurate . furthermore , repeated vaginal examinations can be uncomfortable and associated with risk of introducing infections . ultrasonography is noninvasi...
pubmed
8,754
1,452
0.784441
pubmed_6655
therapeutic laparoscopy was incorporated into the practice of general surgery more than 25 years ago . since that time , several modifications to minimally invasive access and surgery have been developed with the purpose of further minimizing surgical trauma and improving results : minilaparoscopy , computer - assist...
pubmed
22,549
3,846
0.776886
pubmed_25270
biologic agents and immunomodulators have become essential components in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease ( ibd ) . especially in the treatment of crohn 's disease ( cd ) , anti - tumor necrosis factor ( anti - tnf ) antibodies such as infliximab ( ifx ) and adalimumab ( ada ) are expected to improve the c...
pubmed
10,029
1,806
0.769768
pubmed_7195
with the increasing elderly population , dementia has become one of the most common social problems1 . because memory impairment is the core symptom of dementia , the majority of early interventions aim to slow cognitive decline . in recent years however , studies into their use for dementia patients have f...
pubmed
12,128
1,970
0.742991
pubmed_45099
an observational cross - sectional study was carried out among health professionals of the basque health system in vitoria - gasteiz . data collection started on 6 november , coinciding with the peak of the a / h1n1 virus epidemic in the basque country , and ended on 16 november , when the vaccination campaign was ...
pubmed
20,572
3,793
0.732792
pubmed_22948
liver cirrhosis ( lc ) is a major , life - threatening health problem worldwide . lc results from liver injuries of numerous different etiologies , causing hepatocyte damage , hepatic inflammation , and fibrogenesis . lc is histologically characterized by increased deposition in and altered composition of the extra...
pubmed
19,920
3,235
0.796486
pubmed_3649
subarachnoid hemorrhage ( sah ) cases represent approximately 7% of all types of stroke ] , and have a notoriously high mortality rate . despite fluctuations , the overall incidence of sah has been stable at around 10 per 100,000 population per year in most countries for the past few decades . however , in one regi...
pubmed
16,975
2,789
0.797879
pubmed_9956
biliary atresia is the most common neonatal cholestatic disorder with a varying incidence of 1:8000 - 1:18000 . the disease is characterized by obliteration or discontinuity of the extrahepatic bile ducts with persistent jaundice in an infant who usually looks well . most patients with extrahepatic biliary atresia ...
pubmed
9,035
1,503
0.784505
pubmed_33228
the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma is strongly associated with that of gastro - esophageal reflux disease ( gerd ) . however , bile acid and pancreatic juice without gastric acid can induce barrett 's esophagus , and a few reports have described barrett 's adenocarcinoma in patients who had undergone total ga...
pubmed
7,711
1,304
0.7737
pubmed_2322
epidermolysis bullosa ( eb ) consists of a heterogeneous group of rare autosomal dominant or recessive disorders , characterized by epithelial fragility . patients with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa ( rdeb ) often develop chronic constipation caused by painful defecation from blistering and tearing due t...
pubmed
10,538
1,936
0.740558
pubmed_20997
a 19-month - old previously healthy boy presented with an 8-month history of watery rhinorrhea and nasal obstruction . ct scans revealed a 2.7 3.5 cm well - defined , expansile mass in the left nasal cavity , extending to the anterior ethmoid sinus . the mass caused pressure remodeling of the adjacent bones without e...
pubmed
8,664
1,466
0.778393
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πŸ₯ Medical SLM Pretraining Dataset Card

This dataset is a high-quality, cleaned collection of medical text designed for pretraining small language models (SLMs). It aggregates data from three primary authoritative sources, focusing on general medicine and clinical guidelines.

πŸ“Š Dataset Summary

  • Total Documents: ~44,400
  • Estimated Tokens: ~44.7 Million
  • Primary Language: English
  • Configurations:
    • documents: Raw cleaned text records.
    • chunks: Tokenized and packed 1024-token sequences for training.

πŸ›  Processing Pipeline

  1. Cleaning: Removed boilerplate (copyrights, funding, URLs, DOIs) and normalized whitespace.
  2. Quality Filtering: Removed documents that were too short (<300 chars), had low alphabetic ratios, or high digit/special character ratios.
  3. Deduplication: Applied exact MD5 hashing to remove identical documents.
  4. Packing: Greedy packing of documents into 1024-token chunks separated by <|endoftext|>Requested.

πŸ“š Original Datasets & Credits

We gratefully acknowledge the creators of the original datasets used to compile this corpus:

1. PubMed Abstracts

  • Source: NCBI PubMed
  • Credit: National Library of Medicine (NLM).
  • Usage: Scientific abstracts summarizing biomedical research.

2. PMC Open Access (PMC OA)

  • Source: PMC Open Access Subset
  • Credit: National Institutes of Health (NIH) / PubMed Central.
  • Usage: Full-text articles providing deep clinical context.

3. Clinical Guidelines

  • Source: EPFL-LLM Guidelines
  • Credit: EPFL-LLM Team. Aggregated from WHO, CDC, NICE, and other health organizations.
  • Usage: Authoritative medical standards and clinical practice protocols.

βš–οΈ License

This aggregate dataset is provided for research purposes. Users must adhere to the individual licenses of the source datasets (Creative Commons, NLM, etc.).

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