| --- |
| license: cc-by-4.0 |
| language: |
| - te |
| - hi |
| - ta |
| task_categories: |
| - text-to-speech |
| - audio-classification |
| tags: |
| - accent-evaluation |
| - phoneme-probe |
| - indic |
| - retroflex |
| - wav2vec2 |
| - fad |
| - psd |
| size_categories: |
| - 1K<n<10K |
| viewer: false |
| --- |
| |
| # Praxel/psp-native-centroids |
|
|
| Native-speaker reference artefacts for the **PSP** (Phoneme Substitution Profile) |
| benchmark for Indic text-to-speech accent evaluation. Companion to the paper |
| [PSP: An Interpretable Per-Dimension Accent Benchmark for Indic Text-to-Speech](https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.25476) |
| (Menta, 2026). |
|
|
| This dataset is a **scoring reference**, not a training corpus. It contains |
| pre-computed acoustic references extracted from publicly-licensed native-speaker |
| speech corpora, used by the [`psp-eval` package](https://github.com/praxelhq/psp-eval) |
| to score TTS outputs on six accent dimensions. |
|
|
| ## Contents |
|
|
| Per-language files for Telugu (`te`), Hindi (`hi`), and Tamil (`ta`): |
|
|
| | File | Shape / size | Description | |
| |---|---|---| |
| | `{lang}_refs.pkl` | `{phoneme: [ndarray (1024,)]}` | Per-phoneme Wav2Vec2-XLS-R layer-9 centroid bags (500-clip bootstrap) | |
| | `{lang}_fad_natives.pkl` | `ndarray (1000, 1024)` | Utterance-level XLS-R embeddings for FAD computation | |
| | `{lang}_psd_natives.pkl` | `ndarray (500, 5)` | Prosodic feature vectors (F0 mean/std/range, onset-rate, nPVI) for PSD | |
| | `{lang}_sanity.json` | small JSON | Held-out native-audio sanity-check scores (§6 paper Signal 5) | |
|
|
| ## Provenance |
|
|
| All centroids and reference distributions are derived from: |
| - **Telugu**: [IndicTTS](https://www.iitm.ac.in/donlab/tts/) (Telugu subset) — CC-BY-4.0 |
| - **Hindi**: [Rasa](https://github.com/AI4Bharat/Rasa) (Hindi subset) — CC-BY-4.0 |
| - **Tamil**: IndicTTS (Tamil subset) — CC-BY-4.0 |
|
|
| 500 clips per language sampled from the full corpus with seed `1337`. FAD references |
| sample 1000 clips from the same pool with the same seed. PSD references sample 500 |
| clips. Held-out sanity-check clips sample from the same pool with disjoint seed `999`. |
|
|
| Each pickle was produced by `evaluation/psp_bootstrap.py` in the |
| [praxelhq/psp-eval repository](https://github.com/praxelhq/psp-eval); see that |
| script for the exact extraction pipeline and the alignment-model checkpoints used. |
|
|
| ## Usage |
|
|
| ```python |
| from psp_eval import score_directory |
| |
| # Centroids auto-download from this repo on first use. |
| scores = score_directory("my_tts_outputs/", language="te") |
| ``` |
|
|
| Or load directly in Python: |
|
|
| ```python |
| import pickle |
| from huggingface_hub import hf_hub_download |
| |
| path = hf_hub_download("Praxel/psp-native-centroids", "te_refs.pkl", repo_type="dataset") |
| with open(path, "rb") as f: |
| refs = pickle.load(f) |
| # refs: {"ṭ": [np.ndarray (1024,), ...], "ḍ": [...], ...} |
| ``` |
|
|
| ## Known caveats |
|
|
| - **Per-phoneme probe noise floor**: native Telugu / Tamil audio registers |
| 0.47–0.54 retroflex fidelity when scored against these centroids (not 1.0). |
| This reflects speaker variance between centroid and held-out native corpora, |
| aligner quality, and the strictness of the 0.5 collapse threshold. Interpret |
| per-phoneme scores as **relative rankings across systems**, not absolute |
| distances from a theoretical 1.0 ceiling. See paper §6 Signal 5 for details. |
| - **FAD / PSD** do not share this noise floor (native audio correctly scores |
| 5–50× lower than commercial-TTS outputs). |
| - **Unnormalised Fréchet across mixed-scale PSD dimensions**: nPVI has numeric |
| range ~$10^2$ while log-$F_0$ is ~$10^0$. A z-scored variant is planned for |
| the v2 release. |
| |
| ## Citation |
| |
| ```bibtex |
| @misc{teja2026psp, |
| title={{PSP}: An Interpretable Per-Dimension Accent Benchmark for Indic Text-to-Speech}, |
| author={Menta, Venkata Pushpak Teja}, |
| year={2026}, |
| eprint={2604.25476}, |
| archivePrefix={arXiv}, |
| primaryClass={cs.CL}, |
| url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.25476} |
| } |
| ``` |
| |
| ## License |
| |
| CC-BY-4.0 — matching the originating corpus licenses (IndicTTS, Rasa). |
| |
| ## Related |
| |
| - **Code**: https://github.com/praxelhq/psp-eval (MIT) |
| - **Install** (from source): `pip install git+https://github.com/praxelhq/psp-eval.git` (PyPI publish planned post-paper-acceptance) |
| - **Paper**: https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.25476 |
| |
| ## Contact |
| |
| Pushpak Teja — pushpak@praxel.in — [praxel.in](https://praxel.in) |
| |
