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Developmental\tfeeding\tmilestones\nSwallowing\tdifficulty\nGastroesophageal\treflux
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Environmental\tconcerns\nParent-child\tinteraction\nHome\tfacilities\nAccess\tto\tsafe\tfood\tsupply\nCommunity\tresources\nEconomic\tresources\nAccess\tto\tadequate\tfood\tand\tnutrients\nInfants\twith\tBPD\thave\tdecreased\tLBM,\tindicating\tan\tinadequate\tprotein\tintake.\tTreatment\twith
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corticosteroids\talso\tincreases\tbody\tfat\tand\tlowers\tprotein,\tthereby\taltering\tthe\tcomposition\tof\tweight\ngain.\tProtein\tintakes\tof\t3.5\tto\t4.0\tg/kg\tbody\tweight\tin\tinfants\twith\tBPD\thelp\n\tin\tmeeting\tthe\tgrowth\nand\tanabolic\tneeds\t(\nDani\tand\tPoggi,\t2012\n).\tAmino\tacids\tare\tadministe...
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).\tAmino\tacids\tare\tadministered\twithin\tthe\tfirst\t26\thours\tof\nlife\tbecause\tthey\tare\twell\ttolerated,\timprove\tglucose\ttolerance,\tand\tcreate\tpositive\tnitrogen\tbalance.\nAn\tamino\tacid\trequirement\tof\t1.5\tto\t2\tg/kg/day\tis\tsuggested\tfor\tterm\tinfants,\t2\tto\t3\tg/kg/day\tfor\ninfants\tat\t3...
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30\tweeks\t(\nDani\tand\tPoggi,\n2012\n)\t(see\t\nChapter\t41\n).\nAlthough\tlipids\tremain\ta\tvital\tcomponent\tin\tproviding\tessential\tfatty\tacids\tand\tmeeting\tenergy\ngoals,\tthe\trole\tof\tlipid\tadministration\tremains\tcontroversial.\tLipids\tare\theld\tor\tadministered\tin\tsmall
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quantities\tbecause\tthey\tcan\tcause\thyperbilirubinemia\tand\tincrease\tthe\trisk\tof\tkernicterus\t(brain\ndysfunction\tdue\tto\thyperbilirubinemia)\tin\tthese\tinfants.\n\tLipids\tresult\tin\tless\tCO\n2\n\tproduction\ncompared\twith\tcarbohydrate,\tand\talthough\thigh-fat\tformulas\tdo\tnot\tshow\ta\tsignificant\t...
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respiration\tin\tadults,\tinfants\twho\treceive\thigh-fat\tformulas\texhibit\tdecreased\tCO\n2\n\tproduction\tand\nimproved\trespiration\t(\nDani\tand\tPoggi,\t2012\n).\tFurther\tinvestigation\tis\trequired\tto\tdetermine\tthe\noptimal\tlipid\tintake\tfor\tinfants\twith\tBPD.\tThe\tEuropean\tSociety\tof\tPediatric\n\tG...
[ -0.002068130997940898, -0.03610778972506523, 0.04664218798279762, -0.027994457632303238, -0.11386250704526901, -0.0359543114900589, 0.0707218125462532, 0.02158832922577858, -0.05681125819683075, 0.07162730395793915, 0.10672794282436371, -0.04102412983775139, -0.005802339408546686, 0.022040...
Gastroenterology,\nHepatology\tand\tNutrition\t(ESPGHAN)\trecommends\ta\treasonable\trange\tof\t4.4\tto\t6.0\tg\tof\tfat/100\tkcal\nor\t40%\tto\t55%\tof\tcaloric\tintake.\nSodium\tand\tpotassium\tdepletion\tare\tseen\tin\tinfants\twith\tBPD\twho\tare\ttreated\twith\tdiuretics.\nBecause\tsodium\tadministration\tcountera...
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chloride\tare\tanticipated\t(\nDani\tand\tPoggi,\t2012\n).\nDecreased\n\tbone\tmineralization\tis\tseen\tin\tinfants\twith\tBPD.\tUrinary\tloss\tof\tcalcium\tis\tincreased\nwith\tthe\tadministration\tof\tcorticosteroids\tand\tdiuretics.\tOsteopenia\tof\tprematurity\tis\tcommon\tin\ninfants\twith\tBPD\tresulting\tfrom\t...
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not\tuseful\tin\tproviding\tadequate\tamounts\tof\tcalcium\tand\tphosphorus,\twhereas\tparenteral\tfeeds\nrestrict\tthe\tintake\n\tbecause\tof\tlimited\tsolubility\tof\tcalcium\tand\tphosphorus.\nInfants\twith\tBPD\tare\tmonitored\tevery\t1\tto\t2\tweeks\tfor\tcalcium\tand\tphosphorus\tand\tit\tis\nrecommended\tto\tsup...
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Dani\tand\tPoggi,\t2012\n)\tand\tmilk\tfortifiers\t(see\t\nChapter\n41\n).\nThe\tuse\tof\tvitamin\tA,\tcorticosteroids,\tand\tcaffeine\thave\tbeen\tshown\tto\treduce\tBPD\tat\t36\tweeks\tof\nage.\t5000\tIU\tof\tvitamin\tA\twas\tadministered\tintramuscularly\n\tthree\ttimes\ta\tweek\tfor\ta\tmonth\tto\tshow\na\tsignific...
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Ehrenkranz,\n2014\n).\nParenteral\tnutrition\tis\tcontinued\talong\twith\tenteral\tfeeds\ttill\tthe\tfeeding\tvolume\treaches\t100\nmL/kg/day.\tStarting\tenteral\tfeeds\tearlier\tinduces\tgastric\tmotility\tand\tpromotes\tprogression\tto\tfull\nenteral\tfeedings.\tBetter\tneurologic\tdevelopment\tin\tpreterm\n\tinfants...
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infants\twith\tBPD\tcan\tbe\taccomplished\nwith\tearly\tnutrition\tsupport,\tappropriate\tenteral\tfeeds,\tand\tparenteral\tfeed\tselection\t(\nDani\tand\nPoggi,\t2012\n).\tSee\t\nChapter\t41\n\tfor\tfurther\tdiscussion\ton\tfeeding\tthe\tlow\tbirth\tweight\tinfant.\nComplementary\tand\tintegrative\tapproaches\tfor\tpu...
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Complementary\tand\tintegrative\tapproaches\tfor\tpulmonary\tdisease\nComplementary\tand\tintegrative\tapproaches\tfor\tpulmonary\tdisease\tusually\tfocus\ton\tproviding\nsupport\tfor\tthe\n\tunderlying\tpathology,\twhether\tit\tis\tinflammation\tand\tfibrosis\tor\texcess\tmucous\nproduction.\tIt\talso\tfocuses\ton\tex...
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as\tchemicals\tand\tpollution).\t\nChapter\t7\n\tand\t\nappendix\t22\n\tprovide\ta\treview\tof\tnutrition\tsupport\tfor\ninflammation.\tVitamin\tD\tand\tOmega-3\tfatty\tacids\thave\tshown\tbenefit\tfor\treducing\tinflammation,\nfibrosis\tand\texacerbations\n\tin\tasthma\tand\tCOPD\tand\tfurther\tstudy\tis\tunderway\ton...
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benefit\tof\tthese\tsupplements\t(\nGold,\t2016\n).\tA\trecent\treview\ton\tdiet\tand\tasthma\tconcluded\tthat\tstudy\nresults\tare\tcontradictory\tfor\tsingle\tnutrient\tinterventions\tand\tthe\tauthors\trecommend\ta\twhole\tdiet\napproach\t(\nHan,\t2015\n).\tMind\tbody\ttherapies\tsuch\tmeditation,\tyoga,\ttai\tchi,\...
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stress\treduction\tmay\tbe\thelpful\tfor\n\treducing\tstress\tand\tmay\treduce\tincidence\tof\texacerbations\tin\npatients\twho\tare\table\tand\tmotivated\tto\tparticipate\t(\nMcClafferty,\t2014\n).\tN-acetyl\tcysteine\t(NAC),\ta\nderivative\tof\tthe\tamino\tacid\tcysteine,\thas\tbeen\tused\tas\ta\tmucolytic\tfor\tairw...
[ 0.0013772756792604923, -0.04607027769088745, 0.024391019716858864, 0.017399901524186134, -0.062012284994125366, 0.024919766932725906, 0.08705075830221176, 0.008785591460764408, 0.00345681793987751, 0.044211260974407196, 0.08824042975902557, -0.03226355090737343, 0.02154884859919548, 0.0271...
and\tchronic\tbronchitis.\tA\trecent\tCochrane\treview\tconcluded\tthat\twhile\tthere\tis\ta\tsmall\treduction\tin\nacute\texacerbations\tand\thospitalizations,\n\tthere\tis\tnot\ta\tsignificant\timprovement\tin\toverall\tlung\nfunction\tor\treduction\tin\tmortality\twith\tthe\tuse\tof\tNAC.\tThe\tauthors\tstated\tthat...
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degree\tof\theterogenicity\tin\tstudy\tparticipants\tand\tdesign,\tthus\tmaking\tthe\tconclusions\tless\tcertain\n(\nPoole,\t2019\n).\tContradictions\tin\tresearch\ton\tintegrative\tapproaches\tmay\tcome\tfrom\tthe\tneed\tfor\nindividualized\tassessment.\tFor\texample,\tpeople\twho\n\tare\tnot\tnutrient\tdeficient\twil...
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are\tnot\tnutrient\tdeficient\twill\tnot\trespond\tto\nsupplementation\tor\tdietary\tinterventions\tto\tboost\tintake\tof\tthat\tnutrient.\tAdditionally,\tsingle\tnutrient\ninterventions,\tincluding\tantioxidant\tvitamins,\tare\ttypically\tinadequate\tfor\ttreating\tcomplex\nconditions.\tFor\tthis\treason,\tintegrative...
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specific\tnutrient\tand\tmind\tbody\ttherapies,\tand\twork\n\tbest\twhen\tthe\tpatient\tis\ta\twilling\tand\tactive\nparticipant.
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