K-QA: A Real-World Medical Q&A Benchmark
Paper • 2401.14493 • Published
Dataset Preview
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The dataset generation failed because of a cast error
Error code: DatasetGenerationCastError
Exception: DatasetGenerationCastError
Message: An error occurred while generating the dataset
All the data files must have the same columns, but at some point there are 3 new columns ({'entity_tag', 'matched_entity', 'entity_text'}) and 4 missing columns ({'Free_form_answer', 'Sources', 'Nice_to_have', 'Must_have'}).
This happened while the json dataset builder was generating data using
hf://datasets/Itaykhealth/K-QA/questions.jsonl (at revision 99f624dfd51778a95af84bd67f14177255aec615)
Please either edit the data files to have matching columns, or separate them into different configurations (see docs at https://hf.co/docs/hub/datasets-manual-configuration#multiple-configurations)
Traceback: Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 2011, in _prepare_split_single
writer.write_table(table)
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/arrow_writer.py", line 585, in write_table
pa_table = table_cast(pa_table, self._schema)
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2302, in table_cast
return cast_table_to_schema(table, schema)
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2256, in cast_table_to_schema
raise CastError(
datasets.table.CastError: Couldn't cast
Question: string
ICD_10_diag: string
entity_text: list<item: string>
child 0, item: string
matched_entity: string
entity_tag: list<item: string>
child 0, item: string
to
{'Question': Value(dtype='string', id=None), 'Free_form_answer': Value(dtype='string', id=None), 'Must_have': Sequence(feature=Value(dtype='string', id=None), length=-1, id=None), 'Nice_to_have': Sequence(feature=Value(dtype='string', id=None), length=-1, id=None), 'Sources': Value(dtype='string', id=None), 'ICD_10_diag': Value(dtype='string', id=None)}
because column names don't match
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 1577, in compute_config_parquet_and_info_response
parquet_operations = convert_to_parquet(builder)
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 1191, in convert_to_parquet
builder.download_and_prepare(
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1027, in download_and_prepare
self._download_and_prepare(
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1122, in _download_and_prepare
self._prepare_split(split_generator, **prepare_split_kwargs)
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1882, in _prepare_split
for job_id, done, content in self._prepare_split_single(
File "/src/services/worker/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 2013, in _prepare_split_single
raise DatasetGenerationCastError.from_cast_error(
datasets.exceptions.DatasetGenerationCastError: An error occurred while generating the dataset
All the data files must have the same columns, but at some point there are 3 new columns ({'entity_tag', 'matched_entity', 'entity_text'}) and 4 missing columns ({'Free_form_answer', 'Sources', 'Nice_to_have', 'Must_have'}).
This happened while the json dataset builder was generating data using
hf://datasets/Itaykhealth/K-QA/questions.jsonl (at revision 99f624dfd51778a95af84bd67f14177255aec615)
Please either edit the data files to have matching columns, or separate them into different configurations (see docs at https://hf.co/docs/hub/datasets-manual-configuration#multiple-configurations)Need help to make the dataset viewer work? Make sure to review how to configure the dataset viewer, and open a discussion for direct support.
Question string | Free_form_answer string | Must_have sequence | Nice_to_have sequence | Sources string | ICD_10_diag string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alright so I dont know much about Lexapro would you tell me more about it? | Escitalopram, sold under the brand names Lexapro and Cipralex, is an antidepressant of the SSRI (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) class. It is a medication for major depressive disorder and several types of anxiety disorders. It is considered an effective and well-tolerated antidepressant. The benefits of Lexap... | [
"Escitalopram is an antidepressant of the SSRI (Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) class",
"Escitalopram is sold under the brand names Lexapro and Cipralex",
"Side effects of Escitalopram include GI symptoms such as nausea, diarrhoea, constipation",
"Side effects of Escitalopram include headache",
"Si... | [
"Escitalopram is a medication for major depressive disorder",
"Escitalopram is a medication for several types of anxiety disorders",
"Escitalopram is considered an effective and well-tolerated antidepressant"
] | https://www.drugs.com/medical-answers/difference-between-lexapro-zoloft-3507675/ | Other specified depressive episodes |
Also what is the oral option to get rid of scabies? | The oral treatment for scabies is Ivermectin (Stromectol). Ivermectin is a prescription drug. Its safety in pregnant or nursing individuals has not been established yet. A topical treatment for scabies is Permethrin cream (Elimite). It is the preferred treatment for children who weigh less than 15 kg and for pregnant o... | [
"Ivermectin (Stromectol) is the oral treatment for scabies",
"Permethrin cream (Elimite) is a topical treatment for scabies",
"Permethrin cream (Elimite) is the preferred treatment for scabies in children who weight less than 15 kg and for pregnant or nursing individuals",
" Safety of Ivermectin in pregnant o... | [
"After scabies treatment, it is advised to machine wash all clothes, linens, etc. with high heat before using them again",
"Ivermectin is a prescription drug for scabies",
"Close contacts and household members may also need to be treated for scabies",
"Ivermectin dosage is weight dependent"
] | https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/scabies/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20377383
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/scabies-management?search=sulfur%20cream&source=search_result&selectedTitle=4~150&usage_type=default&display_rank=4#H3053413688
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/ivermectin-systemic-drug-inf... | null |
Am I contagious with respiratory infection? | Most respiratory tract infections are contagious and can be spread through sneezing and coughing. Respiratory infections are commonly caused by viruses, but can also be caused by bacteria and fungi. Protective measures such as wearing a mask, washing hands, sneezing and coughing into your elbow or a tissue, and vaccina... | [
"Most respiratory tract infections are contagious."
] | [
"Respiratory tract infections can be spread through sneezing and coughing.",
"Respiratory infections can be caused by fungi.",
"Respiratory infections are commonly caused by viruses.",
"Washing hands can reduce the transmission rate of respiratory infections.",
"Sneezing and coughing into your elbow or a ti... | https://www.fastmed.com/health-resources/are-respiratory-infections-contagious/
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/4022-upper-respiratory-infection#:~:text=Yes%2C%20upper%20respiratory%20infections%20are,covering%20their%20nose%20and%20mouth.
https://www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/respirat... | Unspecified acute conjunctivitis, unspecified eye |
And how does Genital herpes and HPV differ? | HPV infections and genital herpes are sexually transmitted infections that are caused by different viruses and have distinct clinical presentations.
Genital herpes is caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). Both strains of herpes simplex virus, HSV-1 and HSV-2, can cause genital and oral herpes lesions. Genital herp... | [
"Genital herpes and HPV are sexually transmitted infections caused by different viruses.",
"A HPV infection is caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV).",
"Genital herpes can manifest with fluid-filled blisters on or around the genitals that burst and develop into sores that typically resolve within 1-2 weeks."... | [
"There are many different strains of HPV.",
"There is no vaccine yet for HSV-1.",
"There is no vaccine yet for HSV-2.",
"Oral antiviral therapy can be used to treat patients with recurrent genital lesions to reduce the severity of symptoms and lower the risk of transmission to an uninfected sexual partner.",
... | https://www.cdc.gov/std/hpv/stdfact-hpv.htm
https://www.cdc.gov/std/herpes/stdfact-herpes-detailed.htm
https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/cervical-cancer/detection-diagnosis-staging/cervical-cancer-screening-guidelines.html
https://www.cdc.gov/std/herpes/stdfact-herpes.htm
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/boo... | Anogenital herpesviral infection, unspecified |
And is there any way I can get some medicine for a cold sore and a mouth ulcer that is killing me | Yes, oral antiviral medications such as valacyclovir (Valtrex), can be prescribed to shorten the healing time of cold sores by 1-2 days. However, they are most effective when taken within 48-72 hours of the onset of symptoms.
For pain relief, over-the-counter (OTC) topical pain relievers that contain benzocaine (Orajel... | [
"Oral OTC painkillers, such as acetaminophen (Tylenol) and ibuprofen (Advil), can also ease discomfort from cold sores and mouth ulcers.",
"Oral antiviral medications, such as valacyclovir (Valtrex), can be prescribed to shorten the healing time of cold sores by 1-2 days.",
"Oral antiviral medications are most ... | [] | https://www.uptodate.com/contents/treatment-and-prevention-of-herpes-simplex-virus-type-1-in-immunocompetent-adolescents-and-adults
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cold-sore/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20371023#:~:text=Take%20nonprescription%20pain%20medicine%20if,may%20offer%20some%20pain%20relief.
... | Herpesviral infection, unspecified |
And what could be causing the white tongue? | A white tongue is usually caused by a buildup of bacteria and dead cells on the surface of the tongue. It is usually harmless and temporary, but it might also be a sign of an underlying health problem or a medication side effect.
Common causes of a white tongue include dry mouth, dehydration, poor oral hygiene, breathi... | [
"Immune-mediated conditions causing white lesions such as lichen planus can cause a white tongue.",
"Infections including Syphilis and oral candidiasis can cause a white tongue.",
"Using steroids might cause the side effect of white tongue.",
"A white tongue is usually caused by a buildup of bacteria and dead... | [
"Using antibiotics might cause a white tongue as a side effect.",
"Alcohol use can cause a white tongue.",
"Poor oral hygiene can cause a white tongue.",
"Seek medical attention if the white tongue persists for more than 2 weeks.",
"Smoking can cause a white tongue.",
"Tongue cancer can cause a white tong... | https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17654-white-tongue
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/319814#causes
https://www.mayoclinic.org/symptoms/white-tongue/basics/causes/sym-20050676#:~:text=White%20tongue%20is%20the%20result,enlarged%20and%20sometimes%20inflamed%20papillae. | null |
And what happens if I miss a dose of Saxenda? | Liraglutide (Saxenda) is a prescription drug that is used for weight loss and to help keep weight off once weight has been lost. It is used for obese adults or overweight adults who have weight-related medical problems.
If you miss your dose of Saxenda, take a dose as soon as you remember on the same day. Then take you... | [
"If a dose of Saxenda is missed for 3 days or more, a healthcare provider should be contacted to consult about restarting the treatment.",
"The dose of Saxenda should not be increased to make up for a missed dose.",
"An extra dose of Saxenda should not be taken to make up for a missed dose.",
"The next daily ... | [
"Liraglutide (Saxenda) is a prescription drug used for weight loss and to maintain weight loss in obese or overweight adults with weight-related medical problems."
] | https://www.drugs.com/saxenda.html
https://www.saxenda.com/about-saxenda/dosing-schedule.html | null |
Any thoughts on a mild muscle relaxant? | Muscle relaxants are medications used for the treatment of muscle pain, spasm, and spasticity.
Antispasmodic muscle relaxants are prescribed for the short-term relief of musculoskeletal pain, such as acute low back pain and neck pain. Antispasmodics are only recommended if initial therapy with over-the-counter pain re... | [
"Antispasmodic muscle relaxants must be used with caution in older adults, as the risk of adverse effects increases with age.",
"Antispasmodic muscle relaxants are only recommended if initial therapy with over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen (Advil) or acetaminophen (Tylenol) fails.",
"Antispasmodic m... | [
"Antispastic muscle relaxants, like baclofen (Gablofen, Lioresal), are generally prescribed to treat conditions caused by damage to the nerve pathways within the brain or spinal cord.",
"Antispastic muscle relaxants are used to treat conditions such as cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, stroke, and spinal cord i... | https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/24686-muscle-relaxers
https://www.acpjournals.org/doi/full/10.7326/M16-2367
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/treatment-of-acute-low-back-pain
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4103716/
https://www.practicalpainmanagement.com/treatments/pharmac... | null |
Any thoughts on taking activated charcoal to help w stomach bug? | Activated charcoal (Actidose-Aqua, Charcocaps) is a processed form of common charcoal that contains pores that can trap chemicals and prevent bodily absorption. Activated charcoal can be used to treat certain types of chemical poisonings.
There is no evidence for efficacy of using activated charcoal in cases of gastroe... | [
"Activated charcoal might exacerbate the condition of a patient suffering from gastroenteritis and therefore it should be avoided.",
"There is no evidence for efficacy of using activated charcoal in cases of gastroenteritis (also known as 'stomach bug')."
] | [
"Activated charcoal can interfere with the absorption of other drugs.",
"Possible adverse effects of activated charcoal include vomiting, constipation, and electrolyte abnormalities.",
"Activated charcoal can be used to treat certain types of chemical poisonings.",
"Activated charcoal (Actidose-Aqua, Charcoca... | https://www.uptodate.com/contents/activated-charcoal-drug-information?search=activated%20charcoal&source=panel_search_result&selectedTitle=1~148&usage_type=panel&kp_tab=drug_general&display_rank=1#F149186
https://www.drugs.com/mtm/activated-charcoal.html#uses
https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/natural/269.html#OtherNam... | Infectious gastroenteritis and colitis, unspecified |
Anything I can do for the congestion? | Yes, there are several medicines and home treatments that can help relieve congestion.
Nasal corticosteroid sprays reduce inflammation and swelling in the nose. Some are available over-the-counter and they are recommended for the treatment of persistent nasal allergy symptoms.
Nasal antihistamine sprays may also help ... | [
"Nasal corticosteroid sprays can help relieve congestion",
"Nasal irrigation or saline sprays can also help relieve congestion.",
"Nasal decongestant sprays can also help relieve congestion.",
"Nasal decongestant sprays should not be used for more than 2-3 days at a time to avoid 'rebound congestion'.",
"E... | [
"Nasal decongestant sprays can be beneficial for reducing the swelling of the blood vessels and tissues within the nasal passages.",
"Nasal corticosteroid sprays can help relieve congestion by reducing inflammation and swelling in the nose.",
"Nasal irrigation or saline sprays can rinse out mucus and allergens ... | https://www.uptodate.com/contents/pharmacotherapy-of-allergic-rhinitis
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/the-common-cold-in-adults-treatment-and-prevention
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/nonallergic-rhinitis-runny-or-stuffy-nose-beyond-the-basics
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/17980-nasal... | null |
Are lutein and omega 3 good for vision ? | Lutein is a carotenoid compound which is available in green leafy vegetables (kale, broccoli, spinach, lettuce, and peas), along with other foods, such as eggs, pistachios, and corn. Lutein is found in high concentration in the retina, which is the light sensitive area of the eye. Studies have attributed anti-inflammat... | [
"Lutein may protect against and reduce severity the of many eye diseases.",
"Lutein reduces damage to the retina, which enhances vision in both normal and diseased eyes.",
"Studies on the effects of DHA (omega 3) found mixed results on improvement of vision.",
" There is no medical recommendation for omega 3 ... | [
"DHA is also found in the retina, and is needed for the process of transforming light to a neurological signal, and for generating light sensitive pigment.",
"Lutein is found in high concentration in the retina, the light sensitive area of the eye.",
"Omega 3 has mixed results regarding positive effects on visi... | https://www-uptodate-com.meir.idm.oclc.org/contents/retinitis-pigmentosa-treatment?search=omega%203%20&source=search_result&selectedTitle=13~148&usage_type=default&display_rank=12#H5
https://www-tandfonline-com.meir.idm.oclc.org/doi/pdf/10.1080/10408398.2018.1425978?needAccess=true
https://pubmed-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov.mei... | Other vitreous opacities, bilateral |
Are the stomach flu and the flu the same thing? | No. Flu refers to influenza, a respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses. The most common symptoms of influenza include fever, nonproductive cough, and myalgia.
Stomach flu refers to viral gastroenteritis, a viral infection of the gastrointestinal tract caused by many different viruses. The most common symptoms o... | [
"The most common symptoms of influenza include fever, nonproductive cough, and myalgia",
" The most common symptoms of viral gastroenteritis include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fever and abdominal pain.",
"Flu refers to influenza,a respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses.",
"Stomach flu refers to vira... | [
"Viral gastroenteritis can be caused by many different viruses."
] | https://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/keyfacts.htm#:~:text=Flu%20is%20a%20contagious%20respiratory,Flu%20Symptoms
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/viral-gastroenteritis/symptoms-causes/syc-20378847
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/12418-stomach-flu
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/seasonal-influ... | null |
Are there any side affects from using Robaxin? | Methocarbamol (Robaxin, Robaximol) is a skeletal muscle relaxant, mostly used for muscle spasm or pain.
Side effects of Robaxin may include headache, dizziness, drowsiness, blurred vision, fever, nausea and vomiting, flushing (redness and warmth), insomnia, and lack of coordination.
Like many other medications, Robaxin... | [
"Stop using Robaxin and contact your doctor if you experience light-headedness (as if you are about to pass out).",
"Possible side effect of Robaxin: dizziness.",
"Possible side effect of Robaxin: headache. ",
"Robaxin can cause an allergic reaction that could manifest with swelling of face, tongue, or throat... | [] | https://www.drugs.com/robaxin.html
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/methocarbamol-drug-information?
search=robaxin&source=panel_search_result&selectedTitle=1~16&usage_type=panel&kp_tab=drug_general&display_rank=1#F56344087
https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-11197/robaxin-oral/details | Lumbago with sciatica, unspecified side |
Are there more than one type of nausea medication? | Yes, there are a variety of medications used to treat nausea from different drug classes. The most appropriate medication depends on the underlying cause of the nausea.
For example, OTC antihistamines, such as meclizine (Antivert), are used to treat nausea caused by motion sickness or inner ear problems. OTC bismuth s... | [
"Serotonin antagonists, such as Ondansetron (Zofran), are prescribed for nausea due to chemotherapy, radiation, and anesthesia.",
"Serotonin antagonists, such as Ondansetron (Zofran), can also treat nausea during pregnancy that is severe or difficult to manage.",
"The most appropriate nausea medication depends ... | [] | https://www.uptodate.com/contents/approach-to-the-adult-with-nausea-and-vomiting
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/bismuth-subsalicylate-drug-information
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/dronabinol-drug-information
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/nausea-and-vomiting-of-pregnancy-treatment-and-outcome#H57... | null |
Are there other medications similar to the buspirone? | Buspirone (Buspar) is a drug prescribed for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) or for short term relief of anxiety symptoms. It may also be added to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) to augment depression treatment .
Buspirone is a member of the azapirone class of drugs. These drugs have a different mechan... | [
"Buspirone is part of the azapirone class of drugs which have a different mechanism of action than other anti-anxiolytic drugs.",
" Gepirone (Ariza, Variza) is from the same drug class as of Buspirone (Buspar) and is currently under review by the FDA but still not approved. "
] | [
"Buspirone has a more tolerable set of adverse effects compared to other anti-anxiolytic drugs.",
"Buspirone (Buspar) is prescribed for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) or for short term relief of anxiety symptoms.",
"Antipsychotics are used to treat GAD and anxiety symptoms.",
"SNRIs (serotonin norepinephr... | https://www-uptodate-com.meir.idm.oclc.org/contents/buspirone-drug-information#F55642960
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15323591/
https://www.dovepress.com/relative-safety-and-efficacy-of-two-doses-of-tandospirone-citrate-for--peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-NDT#ref-cit0019 | Major depressive disorder, single episode, moderate |
Back pain could be because Im starting my cycle in 2 days but I dont know? | There are many possible causes of back pain including inflammatory disorders, infections, pregnancy, trauma, musculoskeletal pain and neuropathic pain.
Back pain associated with your period can start a few days before your period starts and get better after your period is over. This type of back pain is typically muscu... | [
"Back pain associated with your period can start a few days before your period starts and get better after your period is over",
" Back pain associated with Menstruation is typically muscular and cramping.",
"Please seek medical attention if the pain is constant or worsening, or isn't relieved by medications.",... | [
"Possible cause for back pain can be inflammatory disorders.",
"Possible cause for back pain can be trauma.",
"Possible cause for back pain can be neuropathic pain.",
"Possible cause for back pain can be infections.",
"Possible cause for back pain can be pregnancy.",
"Possible cause for back pain can be m... | https://flo.health/menstrual-cycle/health/period/lower-back-pain-period#:~:text=Back%20pain%20associated%20with%20your,and%20caused%20by%20hormonal%20changes.
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/lower-back-pain-period#when-to-see-a-doctor
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/clinical-manifestations-and-diagnosis-o... | null |
Because I have a fatty liver, can I safely take Imodium? | Loperamide (Imodium) is used to control and relieve diarrhea, and is available over-the counter or with your doctor's prescription.
As this drug goes through metabolism in the liver, the effect of the drug and the possible side effects may be increased in patients suffering from liver diseases.
For patients with liver ... | [
"For patients with liver disease, it is recommended to use Loperamide (Imodium) with caution.",
"The effect of Loperamide (Imodium) and the possible side effects may be increased in patients suffering from liver diseases.",
"Patients with liver disease should consult their healthcare provider about possible alt... | [
"Loperamide (Imodium) is used to control and relieve diarrhea.",
"Loperamide (Imodium) goes through metabolism in the liver.",
"Loperamide (Imodium) is available over-the-counter or with a doctor's prescription."
] | https://www.uptodate.com/contents/loperamide-drug-information?search=imodium&source=panel_search_result&selectedTitle=1~121&usage_type=panel&kp_tab=drug_general&display_rank=1#F2127373
https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/loperamide-oral-route/precautions/drg-20064573?p=1#:~:text=Liver%20disease%E2%80%94Use%20... | Infectious gastroenteritis and colitis, unspecified |
Benadryl makes me super sleepy can I take like Claritin during the day? | Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) and Loratadine (Claritin) are antihistamines used to treat allergic symptoms of the upper respiratory tract, the eye, and the skin. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) is a first generation antihistamine and frequently causes sedation, while loratadine (Claritin) is a second generation antihistamine a... | [
"Loratadine (Claritin) could be a suitable replacement for diphenhydramine (Benadryl) during daytime.",
"Loratadine (Claritin) is a second-generation antihistamine and is less likely to cause sedation.",
" Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) is a first-generation antihistamine and frequently causes sedation."
] | [
"Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) and Loratadine (Claritin) are both antihistamines used to treat allergic symptoms of the upper respiratory tract, the eye, and the skin.",
"Second-generation antihistamines also cause fewer cognitive side effects (such as reduced attention span or working memory).",
"Other second-gen... | https://pubmed-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov.meir.idm.oclc.org/9361576/
https://www-uptodate-com.meir.idm.oclc.org/contents/diphenhydramine-systemic-drug-information
https://www-uptodate-com.meir.idm.oclc.org/contents/loratadine-drug-information?search=loratadine&topicRef=7526&source=see_link | Urticaria, unspecified |
But is testicular pain not a symptom of chlamydia? | Chlamydia can be asymptomatic or present with symptoms in the genitourinary system, anus, throat, or eye.
One clinical presentation of chlamydia which could cause testicular pain is epididymitis. Epididymitis is the inflammation of the epididymis, which is a tube positioned over the testicle and transfers sperm from th... | [
"One clinical presentation of chlamydia which could cause testicular pain is epididymitis.",
"Acute testicular pain should not be ignored and should be evaluated by a physician.",
"Chlamydia could present as an infection in the genitourinary system.",
"Other causes of testicular pain could be epididymitis due... | [
"Chlamydia could present as an infection in the throat.",
"Chlamydia could present as an infection in the anus.",
"Epididymitis is the inflammation of the epididymis, which is the tube positioned over the testicle that transfers sperm from the testicle to the vas deferens.",
"Other causes of testicular pain c... | https://www-uptodate-com.meir.idm.oclc.org/contents/clinical-manifestations-and-diagnosis-of-chlamydia-trachomatis-infections?
https://www-uptodate-com.meir.idm.oclc.org/contents/acute-scrotal-pain-in-adults?search=testicular%20pain&source=search_result&selectedTitle=1~81&usage_type=default&display_rank=1#H1816144542s... | Epididymitis |
But what is colchicine | Colchicine (Colcrys, Gloperba, Mitigare, and Myinfla) is an anti-inflammatory drug used to treat many inflammatory conditions including Gout, Pericarditis, Behcet's disease, and Familial Mediterranean Fever. Although its mechanism of action is still being studied, it has been shown to impair multiple proinflammatory pr... | [
"Colchicine is used to treat Pericarditis.",
"Colchicine is used to treat Gout.",
"Colchicine is used to treat Familial Mediterranean Fever.",
"Colchicine is used to treat Behcet's disease.",
"Colchicine is an anti-inflammatory drug.",
"Colchicine mechanism of action is still being explored.",
"Colchici... | [] | https://www.uptodate.com/contents/colchicine-drug-information?
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5812812/#:~:text=Colchicine%20impairs%20neutrophil%20function%20by,cells%2C%20thereby%20impairing%20neutrophil%20recruitment. | null |
Can Clindamyam be used to treat a UTI | Clindamycin (Cleocin, Clinacin, Dalacin) is not the standard treatment for a urinary tract infection. This drug should only be considered in those with multiple allergies to the standard treatment.
Antibiotics commonly used to treat urinary tract infections include Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim, Septra), Nitro... | [
"Clindamycin (Cleocin, Clinacin, Dalacin) is not the standard treatment for a urinary tract infection.",
"Clindamycin should only be considered in those with multiple allergies to the standard treatment"
] | [
"Antibiotics commonly used to treat urinary tract infections include Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim, Septra)",
" Antibiotics commonly used to treat urinary tract infections include Nitrofurantoin (Macrobid, Macrodantin)",
" Antibiotics commonly used to treat urinary tract infections include Fosfomycin (... | https://www.drugs.com/clindamycin.html
https://www.rxlist.com/clindamycin-drug.htm#side_effects
https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a682399.html#other-uses
https://khealth.com/learn/urinary-tract-infection/how-fast-does-clindamycin-work-for-uti/#:~:text=effects%20of%20clindamycin.-,What%20is%20Clindamycin%20(Cleoc... | Periapical abscess without sinus |
Can I take Zyrtec and benedryl at the same time? | Cetirizine (Zyrtec) and diphenhydramine (Benedryl) are both antihistamine medications and taking both together may increase the risk of side effects such as drowsiness, dizziness, and impaired coordination.
It is possible to overdose on antihistamines.
Antihistamine overdose includes symptoms such as drowsiness, dry mo... | [
"Seek immediate medical attention in case of suspicion of an antihistamine overdose.",
"Taking both cetirizine (Zyrtec) and diphenhydramine (benedryl) together may increase the risk of side effects such as drowsiness, dizziness, and impaired coordination.",
"It is possible to overdose on antihistamines."
] | [
"Cetirizine (Zyrtec) and diphenhydramine (benedryl) are both antihistamine medications.",
"Symptoms of antihistamine overdose include drowsiness, dry mouth and eyes, blurred vision, urinary retention, rapid heartbeat, flushing, and gastrointestinal symptoms.",
"Severe antihistamine overdose can lead to seizures... | https://www.healthline.com/health/antihistamine-overdose | Allergic contact dermatitis due to other agents |
Can I take anything with the antibiotic like pepto bismol or Tylenol as needed? | It is generally safe to take most antibiotics with Tylenol (acetaminophen) except when taken with the antibiotic isoniazid (Nydrazid). Isoniazid can increase the activity of liver enzymes, which results in Tylenol being converted to toxic metabolites, thus increasing the risk of liver damage. As for Pepto-Bismol (bismu... | [
"Tylenol (acetaminophen) can generally be taken safely with most antibiotics",
"Tylenol should be used with caution when taken with the antibiotic isoniazid (Nydrazid) due to the risk of liver damage",
"It is advised that Pepto-Bismol and tetracycline antibiotics are taken 2-3 hours apart",
"Pepto-Bismol (bis... | [] | https://www.drugs.com/drug-interactions/minocycline-with-pepto-bismol-1636-0-391-177.html?professional=1
https://www.drugs.com/drug-interactions/doxycycline-with-pepto-bismol-940-0-391-177.html
https://www.drugs.com/interactions-check.php?drug_list=11-0,1393-0
https://europepmc.org/backend/ptpmcrender.fcgi?... | null |
Can I take nyquil and benedryl at the same time? | Doxylamine (an ingredient in NyQuil) and Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) are antihistamine medications. Taking both together may increase the risk of side effects such as drowsiness, dizziness, and impaired coordination.
Also, it is possible to overdose on antihistamines.
Antihistamine overdose includes symptoms such as dro... | [
"Taking Doxylamine and Diphenhydramine simultaneously can increase the risk of side effects",
"Seek immediate medical attention in case of suspicion of an antihistamine overdose.",
"It is possible to overdose on antihistamines.",
""
] | [
"Doxylamine and Diphenhydramine are both antihistamines",
"Symptoms of antihistamine overdose include drowsiness, dry mouth and eyes, blurred vision, urinary retention, rapid heartbeat, flushing, and gastrointestinal symptoms.",
"Severe antihistamine overdose can lead to seizures, hallucinations, delirium, and ... | https://www.healthline.com/health/antihistamine-overdose | Acute upper respiratory infection, unspecified |
Can a nausea prescription be taken at the same time as Dramamine? | Dimenhydrinate is an over-the-counter medication used to treat motion sickness and nausea. Some nausea medications, such as Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) and Ondansetron (Zofran), are safe to use in combination with Dimenhydrinate, while others like Prochlorperazine (Compazine) and Metoclopramide (Reglan) may ha... | [
"Ondansetron (Zofran) is safe to use in combination with Dimenhydrinate.",
"Metoclopramide (Reglan) may have unwanted interactions when used in combination with Dimenhydrinate.",
"It is important to consult your healthcare provider before using Dimenhydrinate in combination with other medications.",
"Bismuth ... | [
"Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine, Driminate) is used to treat motion sickness and nausea.",
"Some nausea medications are safe to use in combination with Dimenhydrinate."
] | https://www.drugs.com/drug-interactions/dimenhydrinate.html
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/dimenhydrinate-drug-information?search=Dramamine&source=panel_search_result&selectedTitle=1~32&usage_type=panel&kp_tab=drug_general&display_rank=1
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/approach-to-the-adult-with-nausea-and-vomit... | null |
Can diabetics eat sweets?
| Yes, diabetics can eat sweets in moderation when they are part of a healthy, balanced diet. Sweets contain sugar which is a type of carbohydrate. Diabetics need to be aware of the total carbohydrates consumed with each meal, as carbohydrates can raise blood sugar levels. Counting the carbohydrates in every meal can hel... | [
"Diabetics can eat sweets in moderation when they are part of a healthy, balanced diet."
] | [
"A dietician can help patients manage diabetes by giving specialist guidance on carbohydrate counting, meal planning, and meal timing.",
" Counting the carbohydrates in every meal can help diabetics manage blood sugar levels and match insulin dosage to carbohydrate intake.",
" Diabetics need to be aware of the ... | https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/library/spotlights/diabetes-dessert.html
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/in-depth/diabetes-nutrition/art-20047654#
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/11647-hypoglycemia-low-blood-sugar
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/hypoglycemia-low-blood-g... | null |
Can i take the painkiller and the antibiotics at the same time or wait hours in between ? | If your healthcare provider prescribes both antibiotics and painkillers, it is generally safe to take them together. However, some antibiotics should not be combined with painkillers due to potential drug interactions. It is best to consult your healthcare provider about the possibility and proper timing of combining t... | [
"Some antibiotics are not recommended to use in combination with painkillers due to possible drug interactions.",
" If your healthcare provider prescribes both antibiotics and painkillers, it is generally safe to take them together.",
"It is best to consult your healthcare provider about the possibility and pro... | [] | https://www.uptodate.com/contents/acetaminophen-paracetamol-drug-information?search=paracetamol&source=panel_search_result&selectedTitle=1~149&usage_type=panel&kp_tab=drug_general&display_rank=1#F129365
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/ibuprofen-drug-information?search=ibuprofen&source=panel_search_result&selectedTit... | Unspecified diseases of pulp and periapical tissues |
Can sinus infections cause neck pain and neck vein distention? | Sinus infections are not associated with neck pain or neck vein distention. The typical pain associated with sinus infections is facial, cheek, upper back teeth, and ear pain, due to the location of the sinuses in the skull around the eyes, nose, and cheeks. Neck vein distention refers to the visible bulging of the jug... | [
"If you think you have jugular vein distention, you should contact your healthcare provider.",
" Sinus infections are not associated with neck pain or neck vein distention."
] | [
"Continuous jugular vein distention can be a sign of serious heart or circulatory issues.",
" Continuous jugular vein distention can be a sign of heart valve diseases.",
" Continuous jugular vein distention can be a sign of heart failure.",
" Continuous jugular vein distention can be a sign of pulmonary hyper... | https://www.uptodate.com/contents/acute-sinusitis-and-rhinosinusitis-in-adults-clinical-manifestations-and-diagnosis
https://www.msdmanuals.com/professional/ear,-nose,-and-throat-disorders/nose-and-paranasal-sinus-disorders/sinusitis
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470383/#article-35997.s7
https://my.... | null |
Can you provide a short term solution that is designed for insomnia? | Insomnia is a common condition that affects the ability to fall and stay asleep. Factors such as stress, noise, uncomfortable sleeping conditions, alcohol, caffeine, and medication side effects can contribute to insomnia. Eliminating the underlying cause can be helpful, and short-term pharmacological options are availa... | [
"Long term use (> 2 weeks) of pharmacotherapy for insomnia should be approved only by a doctor.",
" Short-term pharmacological options for insomnia include Benzodiazepines such as Estazolam(Prosom), Flurazepam(Dalmane), Temazepam(Restoril).",
" Other short-term pharmacological options for insomnia include drugs... | [
"Insomnia is a common condition that affects the ability to fall and stay asleep.",
"Factors such as stress, noise, uncomfortable sleeping conditions, alcohol, caffeine, and medication side effects can contribute to insomnia."
] | https://www.uptodate.com/contents/overview-of-the-treatment-of-insomnia-in-adults?search=insomnia&source=search_result&selectedTitle=1~150&usage_type=default&display_rank=1
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/insomnia/
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/pharmacotherapy-for-insomnia-in-adults?search=insomnia&source=search_re... | null |
Can you suggest something in addition that is natural that could help with anxiety? | Natural treatment options for anxiety include lifestyle changes, anxiety-reducing activities, and herbal remedies. Psychotherapy is also important in long-term treatment for anxiety. Lifestyle changes may include quitting smoking and alcohol. Activities like exercise, meditation, and deep breathing can help alleviate a... | [
"Lifestyle modifications that may help with anxiety symptoms include smoking and alcohol use cessation.",
" Meditation can alleviate anxiety symptoms.",
" Psychotherapy is important in the long-term treatment of anxiety.",
" Herbal treatment for anxiety are not FDA approved",
" Deep breathing exercises can ... | [
"Valerian root is a non-FDA-approved, possible herbal treatment for anxiety symptoms.",
" Lavender is a non-FDA approved, possible herbal treatment for anxiety symptoms.",
" Passion flower is a non-FDA approved, possible herbal treatment for anxiety symptoms.",
" Kava kava is a non-FDA approved, possible herb... | https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/generalized-anxiety-disorder/expert-answers/herbal-treatment-for-anxiety/faq-20057945
https://www.webmd.com/anxiety-panic/natural-remedies-for-anxiety | null |
Can't you recommend me an antibiotic for sinusitis? | An acute sinus infection, also known as sinusitis, is usually self limited and do not require treatment with antibiotics. Treatment for sinus infections focuses on relieving symptoms. Possible treatments include oral pain relievers such as Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) and Acetaminophen (Tylenol), oral decongestants such a... | [
"Treatment for sinus infections focuses on relieving symptoms.",
" Sinusitis is usually self-limited and does not require treatment with antibiotics",
" Seek medical attention if your symptoms get worse after improving.",
" Seek medical attention if you have a fever longer than 3 days.",
" Seek medical atte... | [
"In case of a bacterial infection antibiotic agent, most commonly Amoxicillin (Amoxil) or Amoxicillin/clavulanate (Augmentin), may be in order.",
" Intranasal spray of saline, Oxymetazoline (Afrin), and Fluticasone propionate (Flonase) can be used for symptomatic management of acute sinus infection.",
" Oral an... | https://www.uptodate.com/contents/uncomplicated-acute-sinusitis-and-rhinosinusitis-in-adults-treatment#H17857688
https://www.cdc.gov/antibiotic-use/sinus-infection.html
https://www.drugs.com/medical-answers/best-antibiotic-treat-sinus-infection-3121674/ | null |
Corticosteroid is the same as clobetasol? | Corticosteroids are drugs that are similar to cortisol, a hormone produced by the adrenal glands. Clobetasol is a highly potent corticosteroid used topically to treat skin problems like psoriasis and eczema. It is available only with a prescription and can be found in several formulations including cream, ointment, sha... | [
"Clobetasol (Cormax, Clobex) is a corticosteroid.",
" Clobetasol is a highly potent topical corticosteroid."
] | [
"Clobetasol is applied topically",
" Clobetasol treats moderate to severe skin problems, including psoriasis and eczema.",
" Clobetasol is found in several formulations, such as cream, ointment, shampoo, spray, and lotion.",
" Common side effects of clobetasol include skin thinning, skin dryness, and skin dis... | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554612/
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/clobetasol-drug-information
https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a686008.html
https://www.drugs.com/clobetasol-topical.html
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2020/213691s000lbl.pdf | null |
Could diabetes be so fast and onset? | Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease that affects the body's ability to use blood sugar for energy. It is divided into two main types: type 1, which typically starts in childhood and is caused by the body's immune system attacking the pancreas, and type 2, which usually starts in adulthood and is caused by a combination... | [
"Type 2 diabetes mellitus usually progresses over years.",
" The majority of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are asymptomatic at presentation.",
" Diabetic ketoacidosis, a medical emergency, can develop over hours with symptoms such as nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain, rapid breathing, and feeling ver... | [
"Type 2 diabetes mellitus usually starts in adulthood.",
" Diabetes mellitus is a disease related to abnormal carbohydrate metabolism.",
" Type 1 diabetes mellitus usually starts in childhood.",
" Diabetes mellitus is usually divided into type 1 and type 2"
] | https://www.uptodate.com/contents/clinical-presentation-diagnosis-and-initial-evaluation-of-diabetes-mellitus-in-adults?search=diabetes%20mellitus&source=search_result&selectedTitle=1~150&usage_type=default&display_rank=1#H2386084
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/epidemiology-presentation-and-diagnosis-of-type-1-diab... | Dehydration |
Could esophagitis could like muscle stiffness in the neck when swallowing? | Esophagitis is inflammation of the esophagus caused by various factors including gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), infections, or medications. Symptoms may include swallowing difficulties, pain while swallowing, retrosternal chest pain, heartburn, regurgitation, chronic cough, and nausea. Neck muscle stiffness wh... | [
"Neck muscle stiffness while swallowing is not commonly associated with esophagitis.",
" Please seek medical attention if you have neck muscle stiffness while swallowing"
] | [
"Esophagitis is inflammation of the esophagus caused by various factors including gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), infections, or medications.",
"Symptoms of Esophagitis may include swallowing difficulties, pain while swallowing, retrosternal chest pain, heartburn, regurgitation, chronic cough, and nausea.... | https://www-uptodate-com.meir.idm.oclc.org/contents/evaluation-of-the-adult-patient-with-neck-pain?
https://accessmedicine-mhmedical-com.meir.idm.oclc.org/content.aspx?sectionid=146981740&bookid=1872&Resultclick=2#1137615828
https://www-uptodate-com.meir.idm.oclc.org/contents/clinical-manifestations-and-diagnosis-of-... | Gastro-esophageal reflux disease without esophagitis |
Could you tell me about the success rate of Sertraline for Premature Ejaculation | Sertraline (Zoloft) is an FDA-approved prescription drug used to treat various conditions including depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and social anxiety disorder. Although not FDA-approved for premature ejaculation, small studies suggest Sertraline can help treat it... | [
"Small studies have suggested that Sertraline can help in treating premature ejaculation.",
" Sertraline can have side effects including sexual-related effects such as lower sex drive.",
" Sertraline can have side effects including sexual-related effects such as erectile dysfunction.",
" Sertraline has been s... | [] | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6571276/#R27
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/treatment-of-male-sexual-dysfunction?search=Premature%20ejaculation&source=search_result&selectedTitle=1~32&usage_type=default&display_rank=1#H408493675 | null |
Depression has relation with memory loss? | Depression is a medical condition characterized by negative effects on mood, cognition, and behavior. Memory issues, particularly with short-term and working memory, are possible symptoms. Long-term memory and procedural memory are less affected. Pseudodementia, a decline in cognitive function including memory loss, is... | [
"If you experience symptoms of depression or notice a memory loss you should contact your healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment.",
" Depression is associated with pseudodementia which is an apparent intellectual decline, including memory loss",
" Memory issues, particularly with short-term and working... | [
"Depression is a medical condition characterized by negative effects on mood, cognition, and behavior."
] | https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/depression/what-is-depression
https://theconversation.com/people-with-depression-can-sometimes-experience-memory-problems-heres-why-153392
https://www.healthline.com/health/depression/depression-and-memory-loss
https://psychcentral.com/depression/depression-and-memory-los... | null |
Do I need to get test results before starting treatment for either chylamdia or the ghonerrea | Chlamydia and gonorrhea are bacteria that can cause sexually transmitted diseases and are treated with antibiotics. Diagnosis for these diseases is performed by laboratory testing of urine, vaginal, rectal, and throat samples. Empiric treatment, meaning treatment without test results, should be offered by the doctor to... | [
"For patients without common symptoms of a sexually transmitted disease or a suspected exposure, establishing the diagnosis with a positive test result is necessary prior to the initialization of treatment.",
" Patients with a recent known or possible sexual exposure to chlamydia or gonorrhea should be offered em... | [
"Diagnosis for chlamydia and gonorrhea is performed by laboratory testing of urine, vaginal, rectal, and throat samples.",
" Chlamydia and gonorrhea are bacteria that can cause sexually transmitted diseases and are treated with antibiotics."
] | https://www.uptodate.com/contents/treatment-of-chlamydia-trachomatis-infection?search=std%20treatment%20guidelines&source=search_result&selectedTitle=3~150&usage_type=default&display_rank=3#H30580089
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/treatment-of-uncomplicated-neisseria-gonorrhoeae-infections?search=std%20treatment%20... | Unspecified sexually transmitted disease |
Do bananas help with diarrhea? | When experiencing diarrhea, bananas can be helpful due to their high content of pectin and starch. Green bananas contain even more pectin and starch than ripe ones, making them even more beneficial. However, fresh fruits and vegetables should be avoided, except for bananas, as they may worsen diarrhea. Bananas are also... | [
"Bananas can help with diarrhea as they contain pectin and starch."
] | [
"Fresh fruits and vegetables, except for bananas, should be avoided as they can worsen diarrhea.",
" Contact your healthcare provider for medical advice if diarrhea is accompanied by rectal bleeding.",
" Contact your healthcare provider for medical advice if diarrhea is accompanied by dehydration.",
" Contact... | https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5216a1.htm
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/management-of-acute-chemotherapy-related-diarrhea?search=Management%20of%20acute%20chemotherapy-related%20diarrhea&source=search_result&selectedTitle=1~150&usage_type=default&display_rank=1
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3669230... | null |
Do cheap socks cause problems? | Socks can play an important role in maintaining good foot health. It is not necessarily the price of socks that determines if they cause foot problems. Choosing the best socks for your feet can depend on activity, health, and season. To prevent fungal infections of the feet and blisters it is important to wear clean, d... | [
"The price of socks does not necessarily determine if they cause foot problems."
] | [
"Choosing the best socks for your feet can depend on activity, health and season.",
" Socks play an important role in maintaining good foot health.",
" Compression stockings can be prescribed for those suffering from venous insufficiency.",
" Wearing clean, dry socks and changing them regularly can prevent fu... | https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1087613-treatment
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/dermatophyte-tinea-infections#H300483
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/compression-therapy-for-the-treatment-of-chronic-venous-insufficiency?search=compression%20socks&source=search_result&selectedTitle=1~150&usage_type=... | Tinea pedis |
Do fissures and hemmroids heal on their own? | Mild anal fissures and hemorrhoids can heal with just supportive measures. However, chronic fissures and hemorrhoids or those with severe symptoms require medical intervention.
For both conditions, it is advised to increase dietary fiber or take fiber supplements in order to prevent hard bowel movements, maintain good ... | [
"Mild anal fissures and hemorrhoids can heal with supportive measures.",
" Chronic fissures and hemorrhoids or those with severe symptoms require medical intervention."
] | [
"For hemorrhoids that persistently bleed, are severely painful, or fail to improve, treatment with office-based procedures, such as rubber band ligation, may be recommended.",
" Hemorrhoids can be treated with over-the-counter or prescription topical corticosteroids and anesthetics.",
" Using stool softeners if... | https://www.uptodate.com/contents/anal-fissure-medical-management
https://www.msdmanuals.com/professional/gastrointestinal-disorders/anorectal-disorders/anal-fissure?query=anal%20fissures
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/196297-treatment
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/13177-anal-fissur... | null |
Do migraines always come with headaches because I dont have a headache right now | Migraine typically presents with a headache. However, there are sometimes symptoms preceding the headache such as aura, sensitivity to light or sound, and dizziness. Auras can take the form of visual or sensory disturbances, including geometric shapes, bright spots, tingling or numbness. Please seek medical attention i... | [
"Migraines typically present with a headache",
"Migraine symptoms can precede the headache, such as aura, sensitivity to light or sound, and dizziness",
"Auras can take the form of visual or sensory disturbances, including geometric shapes, bright spots, tingling or numbness",
"Please seek medical attention i... | [] | https://americanmigrainefoundation.org/resource-library/silent-migraine/#:~:text=Headache%20can%20be%20a%20common,aura%20without%20any%20head%20pain.
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/pathophysiology-clinical-manifestations-and-diagnosis-of-migraine-in-adults?search=migraine&source=search_result&selectedTitle=2~150&us... | Migraine, unsp, not intractable, without status migrainosus |
Do you recommend anything to avoid these migraines? | Preventing migraines involves maintaining good sleep hygiene, regular exercise, avoiding triggers, and following consistent meal schedules. Prevention therapy can be considered for frequent migraines lasting over 12 hours, causing significant disability, resulting from medication overuse, or when pain relievers are ine... | [
"Regular aerobic exercise may help prevent migraines",
" following consistent meal schedules may help prevent migraines",
"Drugs that can be prescribed for migraine prevention include serotonergic drugs",
" Drugs that can be prescribed for migraine prevention include anti-convulsants",
" Drugs that can be p... | [
"Drugs that can be prescribed for migraine prevention include CGRP monoclonal antibodies",
" Neuromodulation devices that stimulate nerve cells have been approved for the management and prevention of migraines",
" Prevention therapies can be considered for migraines that cause significant disability",
" Preve... | https://www.uptodate.com/contents/preventive-treatment-of-episodic-migraine-in-adults?search=migraine%20prophylaxis&source=search_result&selectedTitle=1~99&usage_type=default&display_rank=1
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9729750/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507873/
https://emedicine.... | Headache, unspecified |
Doe the buspar cause sleepiness? | Buspirone, sold under the brand name Buspar, is a medication used to treat anxiety. Common side effects include hyperactivity, restlessness, nervousness, and excitability. Less commonly, it may also cause hypoactivity, such as drowsiness and fatigue. | [
"Buspirone (Buspar) can cause both hyperactive side effects like restlessness, nervousness, and unusual excitement, as well as hypoactive side effects like drowsiness and unusual tiredness."
] | [] | https://www.uptodate.com/contents/buspirone-drug-information?search=BUSPAR&source=panel_search_result&selectedTitle=1~81&usage_type=panel&kp_tab=drug_general&display_rank=1#F55642960
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/drugs/20084-buspirone-tablets
https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/buspirone-oral-route/s... | Other specified anxiety disorders |
Does Allopurinal affect fertility? | Allopurinol (Zyloprim, Lopurin, Aloprim) is a prescription medication used to treat gout, high levels of uric acid in the blood, and recurrent uric acid kidney stones. It may cause side effects such as rash, joint pain, stiffness, or swelling. Male infertility has been reported in less than 1% of patients taking the dr... | [
"Male infertility has been associated with Allopurinol in less than 1% of patients taking the drug.",
" No association was found between Allopurinol and female infertility.",
" Alternatives for Allopurinol should be considered while pregnant or breastfeeding."
] | [
"Common side effects of Allopurinol include rash and joint pain, stiffness or swelling.",
" Allopurinol is a prescription drug used to treat gout, high levels of uric acid in the blood and recurrent uric acid kidney stones."
] | https://www.uptodate.com/contents/allopurinol-drug-information?search=allopurinol&source=panel_search_result&selectedTitle=1~144&usage_type=panel&kp_tab=drug_general&display_rank=1#F55027363
https://www.drugs.com/allopurinol.html
https://www.drugs.com/sfx/allopurinol-side-effects.html
https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy... | null |
Does a migraine last for days at a time? | A migraine attack can last anywhere from 4 to 72 hours. When it lasts longer than 72 hours, it is called status migrainosus and can be caused by certain medications or medication withdrawal. | [
"A migraine attack lasts at least 4 hours and up to 72 hours.",
" A migraine attack that lasts more than 72 hours is called status migrainosus."
] | [
"possible causes for status migrainosus are certain medications or medication withdrawal."
] | https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/migraine-headache/symptoms-causes/syc-20360201
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/pathophysiology-clinical-manifestations-and-diagnosis-of-migraine-in-adults?search=migraine&source=search_result&selectedTitle=2~150&usage_type=default&display_rank=2#H21674113
https:/... | Headache, unspecified |
Does bronchitis turn into pneumonia? | Acute bronchitis is inflammation of the bronchi, commonly caused by a respiratory viral infection, bacterial infection, or irritants such as smoke. It usually resolves without treatment in 1-3 weeks, but non-pharmacological cough relief may help. Pneumonia is more severe with fever, fatigue, and difficulty breathing. B... | [
"It's uncommon for bronchitis to turn into pneumonia, but it's possible",
"In cases where bronchitis does not resolve in three weeks, one should be checked by a physician for pneumonia",
"In cases of worsening of symptoms, one should be checked by a physician for pneumonia"
] | [
"It is also possible for a person with bronchitis to develop a separate pneumonia infection.",
" Symptoms of both bronchitis and pneumonia could appear similar and differentiation between the two should be done by a physical examination and chest Xray.",
" Acute bronchitis is inflammation of the bronchi, common... | https://accessmedicine-mhmedical-com.meir.idm.oclc.org/content.aspx?sectionid=165063952&bookid=2172#165064175
https://www-uptodate-com.meir.idm.oclc.org/contents/acute-bronchitis-in-adults?search=acute%20bronchitis%20complications&source=search_result&selectedTitle=2~111&usage_type=default&display_rank=1#H8
https://w... | Acute bronchitis, unspecified |
Does herpes have rectal discharge? | Proctitis is inflammation of the rectal area. It can cause mucopurulent rectal discharge, among other symptoms. Herpes simplex infection can cause proctitis and rectal discharge, mostly in people who have practiced receptive anorectal intercourse or are immunocompromised. It's important to consult a healthcare provider... | [
"It is important to consult your healthcare provider in cases of rectal discharge for proper diagnosis and treatment.",
" Herpes simplex infection can cause proctitis and rectal discharge."
] | [
"Proctitis is an inflammation of the rectal area which can cause mucopurulent rectal discharge.",
" Herpes simplex infection can cause proctitis and rectal discharge in people who have practiced receptive anorectal intercourse.",
" Herpes simplex infection can cause proctitis and rectal discharge in people who ... | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4442722/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/rectal-discharge#:~:text=Herpes%20simplex%20proctitis%2C%20another%20sexually,%2C%20rectal%20discharge%2C%20and%20constipation.
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/evaluation-of-anorectal-symptoms-in-men-wh... | Unspecified sexually transmitted disease |
Does hydroxyzine have any affect on metabolism or weight gain? | Hydroxyzine is a medication that helps relieve itching caused by allergic skin reactions and anxiety in adults and children. Although weight gain is not listed as a side effect of the drug, recent studies have shown that long-term use of Hydroxyzine is associated with weight gain. Presumably, the drug's sedative effect... | [
"Hydroxyzine sedative effects can cause the patient to burn fewer calories throughout the day, slow down digestion, and potentially lead to weight gain with chronic use."
] | [
"Hydroxyzine is a first generation anti-histamine drug used to relieve itching caused by allergic skin reactions.",
" Hydroxyzine crosses the blood brain barrier and can cause a sedative effect",
"Hydroxyzine can be used to relieve anxiety and tension."
] | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21154375/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6481497/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3221329/
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/hydroxyzine-drug-information" | null |
Does low thyroid contribute to weight gain? | When thyroid function is low, it can lead to a reduction in metabolic rate and modest weight gain. However, this weight gain is typically only around 5-10 pounds and is not commonly associated with severe obesity. Treating and balancing thyroid function can help with weight loss. If you suspect you have low thyroid fun... | [
"Treating and balancing thyroid function can help with losing the weight gained due to this condition.",
" If you have, or suspect you have a low thyroid function, it is important to consult your healthcare provider about assessment and treatment.",
" Decreased activity due to fatigue from low thyroid function ... | [
"Low thyroid function is not commonly associated with severe obesity."
] | https://www.uptodate.com/contents/clinical-manifestations-of-hypothyroidism?search=hypothyroidism&source=search_result&selectedTitle=3~150&usage_type=default&display_rank=3#H16
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/hypothyroidism-underactive-thyroid-beyond-the-basics?search=hypothyroidism&topicRef=7846&source=see_link
ht... | null |
Does metformin generally work pretty well? | Metformin is a treatment for type 2 diabetes that can't be managed with diet and exercise alone. It is considered a good medication for lowering blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and has also been shown to have a cardioprotective effect making it favorable for patients with metabolic syndrome. M... | [
"Metformin is a treatment for type 2 diabetes that can't be managed with diet and exercise alone",
"Metformin is considered a good medication for lowering blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients",
"Metformin has been shown to have a cardioprotective effect making it favorable for patients with... | [] | https://www.uptodate.com/contents/metformin-drug-information?search=metformin&source=panel_search_result&selectedTitle=1~149&usage_type=panel&kp_tab=drug_general&display_rank=1#F193836
https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/metformin/about-metformin/
https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/is-metformin-a-wonder-drug-202109222605
htt... | null |
Does the CMP test or perhaps another test determine if I have or liked to get diabetes? | The Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP) blood test measures 14 different substances, including glucose, electrolytes, proteins, and indicators of liver and kidney function. This test requires an 8-hour fast before a blood sample is taken. Elevated glucose levels on the CMP test may indicate diabetes, with levels of 126... | [
"Elevated glucose levels on the CMP test may indicate diabetes",
"Glucose levels of 126 or higher on the CMP test indicate diabetes",
"Glucose levels between 100 and 125 on the CMP test indicate prediabetes",
"The Hemoglobin A1C (A1C or HbA1c) test is another test to confirm diabetes",
"The glucose toleranc... | [
"The Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP) blood test measures 14 different substances, including glucose, electrolytes, proteins, and indicators of liver and kidney function",
"The CMP test requires an 8-hour fast before a blood sample is taken"
] | https://www.uptodate.com/contents/epidemiology-presentation-and-diagnosis-of-type-2-diabetes-mellitus-in-children-and-adolescents?search=diabetes%20mellitus%20type%202&source=search_result&selectedTitle=2~150&usage_type=default&display_rank=2#H21
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/diagnosis-treatm... | null |
Does the bacteria determine the antibiotic? | Antibiotics are a type of antimicrobial substance designed to target specific mechanisms or components that are unique to certain types of bacteria. Hence, the bacteria’s species is a crucial factor in deciding on the right treatment for a bacterial infection. Having said that, there are additional important factors in... | [
"The species of bacteria is a crucial factor in deciding the right treatment for a bacterial infection.",
" The patient's allergies are an important factor in determining the right antibiotic agent.",
" Potential side effects of the drug are an important factor in determining the right antibiotic agent.",
" T... | [
"Antibiotics are designed to target specific mechanisms or components unique to certain types of bacteria."
] | https://bmcprimcare.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12875-019-1068-7 | Balanitis |
Engorged breast can cause chills? | Breast engorgement is when breasts becomes hard, painful, and swollen because they’re overly full of breast milk. In some cases, this engorgement can cause a milk duct to become clogged which can lead to an infection called mastitis.
Common symptoms of mastitis include high fever and chills, generally feeling ill as w... | [
"The engorged breast can cause chills if the engorgement causes a breast infection.",
" If you experience symptoms of mastitis, contact your healthcare provider for treatment.",
" Common symptoms of mastitis include high fever and chills."
] | [
"Common symptoms of mastitis include pain or a burning sensation.",
" Untreated mastitis can lead to complications such as breast abscess.",
" Common symptoms of mastitis include local warmth.",
" Common symptoms of mastitis include breast swelling.",
" Breast engorgement is when breasts are hard, painful, ... | https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/24306-breast-engorgement
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/mastitis/
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mastitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20374829
https://www.whattoexpect.com/mastitis.aspx#:~:text=It's%20common%20to%20experience%20a,can%20sometimes%20come%20on%20sud... | null |
For instance, to check for Epididymitis, is it a urine test? | When evaluating suspected epididymitis, doctors typically assess signs and symptoms and perform a physical examination of the scrotum. Urine tests, including urinalysis and urine culture, are used to check for white blood cells and bacteria in the urine, since bacterial infections are the most common cause of epididymi... | [
"Doctors typically assess signs and symptoms and perform a physical examination of the scrotum when evaluating suspected epididymitis",
"Urine tests, including urinalysis and urine culture, are used to check for white blood cells and bacteria in the urine for suspected epididymitis",
"If a sexually transmitted ... | [
"Bacterial infections are the most common cause of epididymitis"
] | https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2016/1101/p723.html
https://www.msdmanuals.com/professional/genitourinary-disorders/penile-and-scrotal-disorders/epididymitis
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430814/
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17697-epididymitis
https://www.uptodate.com/cont... | null |
Gabapentin isnt a controlled substance? | Gabapentin (Neurontin) is an FDA-approved medication used to treat nerve pain and seizures. It is also prescribed for other conditions such as restless leg syndrome, anxiety, and alcohol withdrawal. Although gabapentin is not classified as a controlled substance by the federal government of the USA, some states and cou... | [
"Gabapentin is not considered a controlled substance according to the federal government of the USA.",
" some states and countries have classified Gabapentin as a controlled substance due to its potential for abuse and euphoria."
] | [
"Gabapentin (Neurontin) is FDA-approved to treat specific types of nerve pain and seizures.",
" Gabapentin (Neurontin) can also be used to treat other health conditions such as restless leg syndrome, anxiety, and alcohol withdrawal."
] | https://www.drugs.com/medical-answers/gabapentin-narcotic-controlled-substance-3555993/ | null |
How am I supposed to put ointment on my nipple if it's pierced | Depending on the medical indication and type of ointment, removal of the piercing may be necessary for local infection or allergy, but ointment may be applied on a pierced nipple for unrelated medical conditions.
| [
"In the case of a medical condition unrelated to the piercing, you can apply the ointment on a pierced nipple.",
" removal of the piercing may be necessary for local infection or allergy"
] | [] | https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/23164-sore-nipples#:~:text=In%20most%20cases%2C%20sore%20nipples,lumps%20as%20soon%20as%20possible.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537336/ | null |
How could I be the only person in the house with a viral infection? | Not everyone in the same household who is exposed to a virus will develop symptoms. The risk of getting infected and developing symptoms depends on factors such as immune system competence, vaccination status, level of exposure, and adherence to precautions. Also, viral symptoms may take time to appear. | [
"Not everyone in the same household exposed to a virus will develop symptoms",
"Upon getting exposed to a virus, the risk of getting infected depends on immune system competence",
" Upon getting exposed to a virus, the risk of getting infected depends on vaccination status",
" Upon getting exposed to a virus,... | [
"It may take time for viral symptoms to appear."
] | https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24473-viral-infection | null |
How do I know if its a canker sore versus herpes | Aphthous ulcers and Herpes simplex virus sores are both painful oral lesions that can be difficult to differentiate. Aphthous ulcers are flat and do not change much over time, while herpes sores start as a vesicle and then form a crust. Aphthous ulcers usually appear on non-keratinized surfaces, while herpes sores appe... | [
"Differentiating between aphthous ulcerations (canker sores) and Herpes simplex virus sores (cold sores) can be challenging",
" Aphthous ulcerations (canker sores) and Herpes simplex virus sores (cold sores) are both common, painful oral lesions.",
" Aphthous ulcerations (canker sores) most commonly appear on n... | [
"For herpes sores, a burning or tingling sensation can often anticipate the lesions.",
" A prodromal sensation is usually not common with aphthous ulcerations (canker sores).",
" Aphthous ulcerations (canker sores) and Herpes simplex virus sores (cold sores) usually heal within 1-2 weeks."
] | https://www.uptodate.com/contents/oral-lesions?search=canker%20sore&source=search_result&selectedTitle=2~150&usage_type=default&display_rank=2#H1743602899
https://thejcdp.com/doi/JCDP/pdf/10.5005/jcdp-3-1-16
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7486510/
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/cold-sores-oral-herpe... | Recurrent oral aphthae |
How do I measure blood pressure? | Blood pressure can be self-measured at home or at work. It is recorded as two measurements: systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure.
Validated digital home blood pressure measurement devices are convenient to use and widely available without the need for a prescription. They can be bought at pharmacies, o... | [
"It is advised to empty your bladder and avoid caffeine, nicotine, exercise, and other stimulants 30 minutes before measuring your blood pressure.",
"Find a quiet place with a table and chair, and sit and relax for 5 minutes before taking a blood pressure reading.",
"Your forearm should be laid on a flat surfac... | [
"Follow your healthcare providers instructions on when and how frequently you should measure your blood pressure.",
"Blood pressure can be self-measured at home or at work.",
"Validated digital home blood pressure measurement devices are convenient to use and widely available without the need for a prescription... | https://www.uptodate.com/contents/out-of-office-blood-pressure-measurement-ambulatory-and-self-measured-blood-pressure-monitoring
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/high-blood-pressure/in-depth/high-blood-pressure/ART-20047889?p=1
https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2021/0900/p237-s1.html | null |
How do I prevent post nasal drip? | Postnasal drip is a common cause of chronic cough. It occurs when excess mucus accumulates in the back of the throat and nose. This buildup can be caused by a variety of factors, including allergies, colds, and sinus infections. Treating the underlying cause of postnasal drip is the key to relieving symptoms. In non-al... | [
"In non-allergic cases, inhaled glucosteroids showed improvement in symptoms.",
" The postnasal drainage causes a stimulation of the cough reflex due to sensory receptors in the throat.",
" Treating the cause of the nasal drainage could help prevent postnasal drip cough.",
" In cases of allergic rhinitis, avo... | [
"Postnasal drip is a common causes of chronic cough.",
" Nasal drainage has several different causes most commonly allergic and non-allergic rhinitis (nasal congestion, runny nose, sneezing or itching in the nose)."
] | https://www-uptodate-com.meir.idm.oclc.org/contents/evaluation-and-treatment-of-subacute-and-chronic-cough-in-adults?search=upper%20airway%20cough%20syndrome&source=search_result&selectedTitle=1~50&usage_type=default&display_rank=1#H4
https://accessmedicine-mhmedical-com.meir.idm.oclc.org/content.aspx?sectionid=262790... | Acute upper respiratory infection, unspecified |
How do you get otitis externa? | Otitis externa is a relatively common condition and refers to inflammation of the external auditory canal. It is characterized by symptoms such as ear pain, itchiness in the ear canal, discharge from the ear canal, and some degree of temporary hearing loss.
The cause of otitis externa is usually a bacterial infection, ... | [
"Trauma from excessive cleaning or aggressive scratching of the ear canal increases the risk of otitis externa.",
"The cause of otitis externa is usually a bacterial infection.",
"Devices that occlude the ear canal such as hearing aids or earphones increase the risk of otitis externa.",
"Swimming or other wat... | [
"Otitis externa is a condition characterized by inflammation of the external auditory canal",
" symptoms of Otitis externa may include ear pain, itchiness in the ear canal, discharge from the ear canal, and some degree of temporary hearing loss."
] | https://www.uptodate.com/contents/external-otitis-pathogenesis-clinical-features-and-diagnosis?search=otitis%20externa&source=search_result&selectedTitle=2~35&usage_type=default&display_rank=2
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/8381-swimmers-ear-otitis-externa | Unspecified otitis externa, unspecified ear |
How is HRV different from heart rate? | Heart rate (HR) is the number of times a heart beats in a minute, measured in beats per minute (bpm).Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is the measure of variation in time interval between heartbeats and is measured in milliseconds (ms). Low HRV is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. High HRV is associa... | [
"Heart Rate Variability (HRV) measures the variation in time interval between heartbeats, in milliseconds (ms).",
"Heart rate (HR) measures how many times a heart beats in a minute, in beats per minute (bpm)."
] | [
"Low HRV is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease.",
"High HRV is associated with higher fitness levels and resilience to stress"
] | https://www.medicinenet.com/what_is_heart_rate_variability_hrv/article.htm
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/21773-heart-rate-variability-hrv
https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/heart-rate-variability-new-way-track-well-2017112212789 | null |
How is PID treated? | Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is treated with antibiotics that cover a broad-spectrum of likely pathogens (Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, anaerobic bacteria and others).
Treating PID as soon as symptoms start can prevent scarring and irreversible damage to reproductive organs. Therefore, a combination of antibiotics is prom... | [
"PID is treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics that cover likely pathogens such as Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, and anaerobic bacteria.",
" Treating PID as soon as symptoms start can prevent scarring and irreversible damage to reproductive organs.",
" posibble antibiotic combinations for PID treatment is Ceftriaxone,... | [
"Hospitalization is necessary for PID treatment when the patient is unresponsive to oral treatment.",
"Hospitalization is necessary for PID treatment when severe illness is suspected.",
"Hospitalization is necessary for PID treatment when the patient is pregnant.",
"Hospitalization is necessary for PID treatm... | https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/pid.htm
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pelvic-inflammatory-disease/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20352600 | Unspecified sexually transmitted disease |
How is saxenda different from Ozempic | Liraglutide (Saxenda, Victoza) and Semaglutide (Ozempic) are both GLP-1 agonists used to treat diabetes and aid weight loss. Liraglutide is given daily due to faster elimination, while semaglutide is given weekly due to slower elimination. Non-diabetic obese patients showed better weight loss with weekly semaglutide. | [
"Liraglutide (Saxenda, Victoza) is given in daily doses.",
" Semaglutide (Ozempic) is given in weekly doses.",
" The main difference between Liraglutide (Saxenda, Victoza) and Semaglutide (Ozempic) is the time it takes to get eliminated from the body.",
" Liraglutide (Saxenda, Victoza) and Semaglutide (Ozempi... | [
"Liraglutide (Saxenda, Victoza) and Semaglutide (Ozempic) are prescribed for treating diabetes mellitus.",
" Liraglutide (Saxenda, Victoza) and Semaglutide (Ozempic) are used for weight loss.",
" Studies show a preferable weight loss in obese patients without diabetes to the weekly Semaglutide (Ozempic) compare... | https://pubmed-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov.meir.idm.oclc.org/35015037/
https://www-uptodate-com.meir.idm.oclc.org/contents/semaglutide-drug-information#F50876237
https://www-uptodate-com.meir.idm.oclc.org/contents/liraglutide-drug-information#F9844261 | null |
How long do I need to wait before starting naproxen since I took ibuprofen this morning? | Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) and Naproxen (Aleve) belong to the same drug class and have similar side effect profiles, including inflammation, bleeding, ulceration, and rare gastrointestinal tract perforation, kidney, and liver problems. To avoid the increased risk of these side effects, these drugs should not be taken si... | [
"Taking Ibuprofen (Advil,Motrin) and Naproxen (Aleve) simultaneously can increase the risk of experiencing side effects.",
"Without a clear order from your healthcare provider, Ibuprofen (Advil,Motrin) and Naproxen (Aleve) should not be taken simultaneously.",
"The minimal time interval between taking Ibuprofen... | [
"Ibuprofen (Advil,Motrin) and Naproxen (Aleve) are in the same drug class.",
"Ibuprofen (Advil,Motrin) and Naproxen (Aleve) share side effects such as inflammation, bleeding, ulceration, and rarely, perforation of the gastrointestinal tract.",
"Ibuprofen (Advil,Motrin) and Naproxen (Aleve) share rare side effec... | https://www.drugs.com/drug-interactions/ibuprofen-with-naproxen-1310-0-1690-0.html#:~:text=Using%20ibuprofen%20together%20with%20naproxen,ulceration%2C%20and%20rarely%2C%20perforation.
https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB01050
https://www.theindependentpharmacy.co.uk/pain/guides/naproxen-vs-ibuprofen
https://www.safemed... | Tension-type headache, unspecified, not intractable |
How long do shin splints last | Medial tibial stress syndrome, more commonly known as ‘shin splints’, is characterized by pain in the shin (the front of the leg below the knee) that starts during or after intense exercise. Shin splints are usually self-limited and have no long-term complications. Recovery usually takes between 2-4 weeks, after which ... | [
"Recovery from shin splints usually takes between 2-4 weeks."
] | [
"Diagnosis of shin splints is based on a patient's history and physical examination.",
"After recovery from shin splints, one can gradually resume exercise.",
"The treatment for shin splints includes resting, elevating, and icing the painful area in the leg a few times a day.",
"Pain relievers such as acetami... | https://www-uptodate-com.meir.idm.oclc.org/contents/shin-splints-the-basics?search=shin%20splints&source=search_result&selectedTitle=2~15&usage_type=default&display_rank=2#H183854209
https://accessmedicine-mhmedical-com.meir.idm.oclc.org/content.aspx?sectionid=70380973&bookid=1180#70381260
https://medlineplus.gov/enc... | null |
How long does it take to notice the effects of Wellbutrin? | Wellbutrin is the brand name of the drug Bupropion, which is primarily used to treat major depressive disorder, but is also FDA-approved as an aid for smoking cessation. The initial effects of this drug for the treatment of depression are usually observed within 1 to 2 weeks of treatment, with continued improvements th... | [
"The initial effects of Wellbutrin as an aid for smoking cessation are usually observed within 7-8 days.",
" The initial effects of Wellbutrin for the treatment of depression are usually observed within 1 to 2 weeks of treatment.",
" Continued improvements through Wellbutrin treatment for depression can be obse... | [
"Wellbutrin is also FDA-approved as an aid for smoking cessation.",
" Wellbutrin is a brand name of the drug Bupropion.",
" Wellbutrin is primarily used to treat major depressive disorder.",
" It is common for healthcare providers to start Wellbutrin 1-2 weeks before the scheduled smoking quit date."
] | https://www.uptodate.com/contents/bupropion-drug-information?search=wellbutrin&source=panel_search_result&selectedTitle=1~149&usage_type=panel&kp_tab=drug_general&display_rank=1#
https://www.nami.org/About-Mental-Illness/Treatments/Mental-Health-Medications/Types-of-Medication/Bupropion-(Wellbutrin)#:~:text=Sleep%2C%2... | Major depressive disorder, single episode, unspecified |
How long does this years flu usually last? | Seasonal influenza (flu) is an acute respiratory infection caused by influenza viruses and is characterized by signs and symptoms such as fever, cough (usually dry), headache, muscle and joint pain, severe malaise (feeling unwell), sore throat and a runny nose.
Most adults with uncomplicated influenza typically recover... | [
"Most adults with uncomplicated influenza typically recover within a week without requiring medical attention.",
" Cough and malaise can persist for 2 weeks or longer after recovering from influenza."
] | [
"Seasonal influenza (flu) is characterized by signs and symptoms such as a runny nose.",
" Seasonal influenza (flu) is characterized by signs and symptoms such as sore throat.",
" Seasonal influenza (flu) is characterized by signs and symptoms such as muscle and joint pain.",
" Seasonal influenza (flu) is cha... | https://www.uptodate.com/contents/seasonal-influenza-in-adults-clinical-manifestations-and-diagnosis?search=influenza&source=search_result&selectedTitle=3~150&usage_type=default&display_rank=3
https://www.cdc.gov/flu/professionals/acip/clinical.htm#:~:text=Uncomplicated%20influenza%20signs%20and%20symptoms,those%20wit... | null |
How long would I be on Saxenda before I could move to the next dose? | It is recommended that adult patients start with a dose of 0.6 mg per day for one week. The dose is then increased by 0.6 mg each week over the following 4 weeks until the daily maintenance dose of 3 mg is reached. This dosing schedule is used to minimize the risk of gastrointestinal side effects, such as nausea, vomit... | [
"If a patient does not tolerate an increased dose of Saxenda during the dosing schedule, dose escalation can be delayed by one extra week.",
" The dose of Saxenda is increased by 0.6 mg each week over the following 4 weeks, until the daily maintenance dose of 3 mg is reached.",
" Adult patients are recommended ... | [
"If the 3 mg daily maintenance dose of Saxenda is not tolerated, it is recommended that treatment be discontinued.",
" The dosing schedule of Saxenda is used to minimize the risk of gastrointestinal side effects, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and constipation."
] | https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=3946d389-0926-4f77-a708-0acb8153b143
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2023/206321s016lbl.pdf
https://www.drugs.com/dosage/saxenda.html | null |
How many pills of ibuprofen can I take? | Ibuprofen (Advil, Addaprin, Caldolor, Mortin) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug used in a variety of cases including inflammatory diseases, pain relief, and fever reduction. The number of pills that could be taken by a single person each day depends on the dose of each pill, the age of the patient, and his kidne... | [
"In cases of chronic use, the maximum dose of ibuprofen for a healthy adult is 2.4 grams per day.",
" The number of ibuprofen pills that could be taken by a single person each day depends on the dose of each pill, the age of the patient, and his kidney function.",
" For a healthy adult, the maximum dose of ibup... | [
"Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug used in a variety of cases including inflammatory diseases, pain relief, and fever reduction.",
" Ibuprofen is sold in the US in tablets of 100 mg (for children), 200 mg, 400 mg, 600 mg, and 800 mg."
] | https://www-uptodate-com.meir.idm.oclc.org/contents/ibuprofen-drug-information#F50988019 | Unspecified otitis externa, unspecified ear |
How much melatonin should i take at night? | There is no conclusive evidence and no official recommendation on the appropriate dosage of melatonin. Most studies show that a dose between 1-5 mg is usually effective in adults. The scientific data revolving around melatonin for treating sleep disorders is inconclusive regarding children and young adults and has show... | [
"There is no official recommendation on the appropriate dosage of melatonin.",
" Most studies show that a dose between 1-5 mg of melatonin is usually effective in adults."
] | [
"Consultation with a healthcare provider is recommended before taking melatonin as it can interact with prescription drugs, over-the-counter medicines, and herbal remedies.",
" Synthetic melatonin reinforces the physiological signal to induce sleep.",
" The scientific data regarding melatonin for treating sleep... | https://www.drugs.com/melatonin.html
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/pharmacotherapy-for-insomnia-in-adults?search=melatonin&source=search_result&selectedTitle=2~130&usage_type=default&display_rank=2#H2582713949
https://www-clinicalkey-com.meir.idm.oclc.org/#!/content/playContent/1-s2.0-S217358082030184X?return... | Major depressive disorder, single episode, moderate |
I am a 33 years old female with right lower abdominal pain , what could it be? | Possible causes for right lower abdominal pain in a young female include Appendicitis, Inflammatory bowel disease, Diverticulitis, Kidney stone, urinary tract infection, Ovarian cyst or torsion, Ectopic pregnancy, Pelvic inflammatory disease, and endometriosis. Seek medical attention if the pain is sudden, severe, pers... | [
"A possible cause for right lower abdominal pain in a young female can be Urinary tract infection.",
" A possible cause for right lower abdominal pain in a young female can be Inflammatory bowel disease.",
" A possible cause for right lower abdominal pain in a young female can be Kidney stones.",
" A possible... | [] | https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/4167-abdominal-pain#:~:text=Lower%20abdominal%20pain%20is%20most,Irritable%20bowel%20syndrome. | null |
I am a healthy adult but my ALT is elevated can this also cause diarrhea? | Elevated levels of ALT in the blood do not directly cause diarrhea. Alanine transaminase (ALT) is an enzyme found mainly in the liver. Elevated ALT levels may indicate liver injury or disease, which could be caused by a wide range of conditions, such as non alcoholic or alcoholic fatty liver, viral hepatitis and drugs ... | [
"Contact your healthcare provider if the diarrhea persists for more than 2 days without improvement",
" Further investigations may be needed such as blood tests and an abdominal ultrasound for abnormal liver enzyme levels and diarrhea",
" Conditions that injure the liver may cause gastrointestinal disturbances,... | [
"Liver injury or disease could be caused by viral hepatitis",
" Liver injury or disease could be caused by alcoholic liver disease",
" Liver injury or disease could be caused by non alcoholic liver disease",
" Liver injury or disease could be caused by inflammatory bowel disease",
" Liver injury or disease ... | https://www.uptodate.com/contents/approach-to-the-patient-with-abnormal-liver-biochemical-and-function-tests#H19404863
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diagnostics/22028-alanine-transaminase-alt
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/approach-to-the-adult-with-acute-diarrhea-in-resource-rich-settings
https:... | null |
I am a young healthy adult, flying to Brazil next month. What vaccination should I take? | Before traveling to Brazil, it's important to get vaccinated for Yellow Fever and Typhoid, as well as ensuring you're up to date with routine vaccines such as Chickenpox (Varicella), Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis, Flu (influenza), Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR), Polio, Shingles, Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, and COVID-19. Addi... | [
"A young healthy adult traveling to Brazil should get vaccinated for Yellow Fever",
" A young healthy adult traveling to Brazil should get vaccinated for Typhoid",
" Further vaccines may be needed depending on age, medical history, and vaccination status"
] | [
"A young healthy adult traveling to Brazil should be up to date with the Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR) vaccine",
" A young healthy adult traveling to Brazil should be up to date with the Chickenpox (Varicella) vaccine",
" A young healthy adult traveling to Brazil should be up to date with the Flu (influenza) vacc... | https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/destinations/traveler/none/brazil | null |
I am only 22 so am I not a bit young to have an enlarged prostate? | Enlarged prostate is a common condition that predominantly affects men over 50. In that population age, it is most commonly caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or, in rare cases, cancer. Symptoms of an enlarged prostate include frequent urination, difficulty urinating, pain, weak urine flow, and more. In sexua... | [
"In sexually active young males prostatitis, inflammation of the prostate gland, can cause an enlarged prostate.",
" Enlarged prostate is a common condition that predominantly affects men over the age of 50.",
" Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common cause of an enlarged prostate in men over age 50.",
... | [
"Symptoms of an enlarged prostate may include pain.",
" Medical evaluation is recommended for symptoms of an enlarged prostate.",
" Treatment for enlarged prostate depends on the underlying cause.",
" Symptoms of an enlarged prostate may include a frequent need to pee.",
" In rare cases, cancer may be the c... | https://www.uptodate.com/contents/acute-bacterial-prostatitis?search=prostatitis&source=search_result&selectedTitle=1~98&usage_type=default&display_rank=1#H5
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/prostate-problems/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5385860/ | null |
I believe Mounjaro is fda approved now? | Tirzepatide (Mounjaro) is an FDA-approved medication for lowering blood glucose levels in adult patients with type 2 diabetes. While it has been shown to aid in weight loss for overweight patients, clinical trials are ongoing and it has not yet been approved for this indication like other injectable medications such as... | [
"Tirzepatide (Mounjaro) is FDA-approved to decrease the blood glucose levels in adult patients with type 2 diabetes.",
" Tirzepatide (Mounjaro) is currently undergoing clinical trials for weight loss.",
" Tirzepatide (Mounjaro) has been has been found effective in helping overweight patients lose weight",
"Ti... | [
"Semaglutide (Wegovy) is an FDA-approved injectable medication for weight loss.",
" Liraglutide (Saxenda) is an FDA-approved injectable medication for weight loss."
] | https://www.drugs.com/mounjaro.html
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/tirzepatide-drug-information?search=mounjaro&source=panel_search_result&selectedTitle=1~6&usage_type=panel&kp_tab=drug_general&display_rank=1# | null |
I dont believe the hydroxyzine is supposed to cure the poison Ivy, but maybe you could shed some light on that? | Antihistamines, including Hydroxyzine, are commonly used to alleviate symptoms associated with allergic reactions. However, they have limited efficacy in relieving symptoms of poison ivy. This is because exposure to poison ivy can cause contact dermatitis, which is a type of dermatitis that is not mediated by histamine... | [
"Antihistamine drugs such as Hydroxyzine are not effective in treating dermatitis caused by poison ivy.",
" Exposure to poison ivy can result in contact dermatitis.",
" Applying cool wet compresses is a possible skin treatment for dermatitis caused by poison ivy.",
" Applying calamine lotion may help to relie... | [
"steroids may help alleviate symptoms of dermatitis caused by poison ivy."
] | https://www.uptodate.com/contents/poison-ivy-beyond-the-basics#:~:text=Once%20the%20blisters%20begin%20weeping,caused%20by%20poison%20ivy%20dermatitis.
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/poison-ivy-toxicodendron-dermatitis?search=poison%20ivy%20treatment&source=search_result&selectedTitle=1~26&usage_type=default&displa... | Irritant contact dermatitis due to plants, except food |
I have a fear of needles is there a way around the thyroid test? | The common thyroid function tests include serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels and serum thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations, which are measured in a blood sample. While non-invasive methods are being developed, blood sampling is the only way approved today. Using a numbing cream, such as ... | [
"The only approved method for thyroid function testing today is blood sampling.",
" A numbing cream such as 4% Lidocaine can decrease the pain associated with blood drawing."
] | [
"The common thyroid function tests include measuring serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels and serum thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations in a blood sample."
] | https://www.uptodate.com/contents/hypothyroidism-underactive-thyroid-beyond-the-basics?search=thyroid%20function%20tests&topicRef=7891&source=see_link
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/hyperthyroidism-overactive-thyroid-beyond-the-basics?search=thyroid%20function%20tests&topicRef=7891&source=see_link
https://pubmed.n... | null |
I have a question, can you be diagnosed with shingles more than once? | Shingles is a viral infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus. This is the same virus that causes chickenpox, and it can resurface years or decades later as shingles multiple times, causing a blistering rash on the torso or the face. Other symptoms may include headache, fever, or fatigue. Doctors recommend that pe... | [
"You can get shingles multiple times"
] | [
"Doctors recommend that people over age 50 consider being vaccinated against the varicella-zoster virus",
" Shingles may be accompanied by other symptoms, such as headache, fever, or fatigue",
" The varicella-zoster virus can re-emerge years or decades later as shingles",
" Shingles is caused by the varicella... | https://www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/can-you-get-shingles-more-than-once#:~:text=Yes%3A%20although%20it's%20uncommon%2C%20you,check%20by%20your%20immune%20system. | Zoster without complications |
I have gout and my doctor told me to take colchicine, how should I take it? | The dosage of colchicine depends on whether it's indicated for acute gout attack or for prevention of future attacks:
For the prevention of gout attacks, adults should take 0.6 milligrams (mg) 1 or 2 times a day.
For treatment of gout attacks, adults should take 1.2 milligrams (mg) at the first sign of a gout attack, ... | [
"For the prevention of gout attacks, adults should take 0.6 milligrams (mg) of colchicine 1 or 2 times a day.",
" Colchicine should be taken with food to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal side effects.",
" For treatment of gout attacks, adults should take 1.2 milligrams (mg) of colchicine at the first sign of... | [
"Colchicine can interact with other medications.",
" If you take other medications, it is recommended to consult your doctor for possible interactions with colchicine.",
" Patients should avoid eating grapefruit or drinking grapefruit juice while using colchicine."
] | https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/colchicine-oral-route/side-effects/drg-20067653?p=1 | null |
I have one question If I take a probiotic Should it be taken at a different time of the antibiotic? | It is generally recommended to take probiotics at least 2 hours after antibiotics. Although probiotics may decrease the risk of antibiotic-associated diarrhea, taking them together may reduce their effectiveness. There is no clear consensus on the benefits of taking probiotics with antibiotic treatment. | [
"It is generally recommended to take probiotics at least 2 hours after antibiotics",
" There is no clear consensus on the benefits of taking probiotics with antibiotic treatment."
] | [
"Probiotics may decrease the risk of developing antibiotic-associated diarrhea."
] | https://www.drugs.com/medical-answers/probiotics-with-antibiotics-3121702/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36382780/
https://www.optibacprobiotics.com/learning-lab/in-depth/general-health/probiotics-with-antibiotics#Why%20take%20a%20probiotic%20with%20an%20antibiotic?
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.... | Other specified disorders of teeth and supporting structures |
I started taking lisinopril yesterday. Should my blood pressure be normal by now? | The antihypertensive effects of lisinopril are usually noticeable within a few hours of taking it orally. The peak blood pressure reduction happens around 6 hours later. While taking the daily dosage, the blood pressure should decrease, but it may still be higher than the normal range. If, after a few weeks, the blood ... | [
"While taking the daily dosage of Lisinopril, blood pressure should be lowered.",
" Blood pressure might still be higher than the normal range while taking Lisinopril.",
" Lisinopril's antihypertensive activity begins within several hours after the first oral administration.",
" If blood pressure is still hig... | [
"Lisinopril's peak reduction of blood pressure is achieved by approximately 6 hours."
] | https://khealth.com/learn/hypertension/how-quickly-lisinopril-lower-blood-pressure/ | null |
I was going to get some hydrocortisone cream but i read online its not safe to to apply on face? | Hydrocortisone cream can be used on the face under a doctor's supervision but with caution to minimize side effects. Apply a small amount in a thin layer and stop treatment once the condition is resolved. It is important to note that treatment with topical steroids generally should not exceed two weeks. | [
"Treatment with hydrocortisone should be stopped once the treated condition has resolved.",
" Under a doctor's recommendation and supervision, applying hydrocortisone cream on the face is considered safe.",
" To lower the chance of side effects, hydrocortisone cream should be applied in a thin layer.",
" To l... | [] | https://www.uptodate.com/contents/topical-corticosteroids-use-and-adverse-effects?source=history#H2427996693
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/topical-corticosteroid-medicines-the-basics?topicRef=5565&source=see_link | Allergy, unspecified, initial encounter |
If I took trazodone when would be the best time to take it? | Trazodone (Trazodone) is an antideppresant prescription drug. Trazodone tablets can be either immediate or extanded release. Extended release trazadone is best taken before bedtime on an empty stomach, as it might cause drowsiness. Immediate-release Trazodone is best taken with or shortly after a meal to reduce gastroi... | [
"Immediate release Trazodone is best taken with or shortly after a meal.",
" Extended release trazodone is best taken before bedtime on an empty stomach.",
" Taking immediate release Trazodone with or shortly after a meal can reduce gastrointestinal adverse reactions.",
" Extended release trazodone might caus... | [
"Trazodone tablets can be either immediate or extended release.",
" Trazodone is an antidepressant prescription drug."
] | https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/trazodone-oral-route/proper-use/drg-20061280
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search?search=trazodone&sp=0&searchType=PLAIN_TEXT&source=USER_PREF&searchControl=TOP_PULLDOWN&searchOffset=1&autoComplete=true&language=en&max=10&index=0~10&autoCompleteTerm=traza
https:/... | Anxiety disorder, unspecified |
If it was Bv wouldnt the metrogel have worked? | Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common infectious vaginal pathology for which Metronidazole (Flagyl) is the first line treatment. Treatment response is anticipated in 70 to 80 percent of patients, and some patients may have symptoms that persist despite adequate diagnosis and treatment. Causes for treatment failure inclu... | [
"Antibiotics resistance can cause treatment failure for bacterial vaginosis.",
" Reinfection can cause treatment failure for bacterial vaginosis.",
" Vaginal Metronidazole (MetroGel, Vandazole) is a possible treatment for bacterial vaginosis.",
" If you keep experiencing symptoms after completing the treatmen... | [
"Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common infectious vaginal pathology.",
" Not all causes for treatment failure for bacterial vaginosis are clear.",
" Treatment response for bacterial vaginosis is anticipated in 70 to 80 percent of patients.",
" Oral Clindamycin (Cleocin) is a possible treatment for bacterial va... | https://academic.oup.com/cid/article/44/2/220/330015
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/bacterial-vaginosis-initial-treatment?search=bacterial%20vaginosis%20treatment&source=search_result&selectedTitle=2~117&usage_type=default&display_rank=2
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/bacterial-vaginosis-recurrent-infection | Vaginitis, vulvitis and vulvovaginitis in diseases classified elsewhere |
If the muscle aches continue without exercising, should I be concerned? | If your muscle ache continues without exercising, you should consult with your healthcare provider in order to obtain an accurate diagnosis. There are many causes of muscle aches, including overuse injury, trauma, viral and bacterial infections, medications, and rheumatic disease. Your doctor will take a full history, ... | [
"If muscle ache continues without exercising, it is recommended to consult with a healthcare provider for an accurate diagnosis."
] | [
"Viral infections can be a cause of muscle aches.",
" Overuse injury can be a cause of muscle aches.",
" Bacterial infections can be a cause of muscle aches.",
" Rheumatic disease can be a cause of muscle aches.",
" Imaging may be requested in the diagnostic process for muscle aches.",
" Laboratory studie... | https://www.uptodate.com/contents/approach-to-the-patient-with-myalgia?search=muscle%20ache%20without%20exercise&source=search_result&selectedTitle=1~150&usage_type=default&display_rank=1 | Other specified anxiety disorders |
If the side effects of the Prozac become too much is there a wean down period I would have to go through or would I be able to stop it immediately? | It is typically recommended to avoid abruptly discontinuing selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) as this may result in unpleasant withdrawal symptoms. While Prozac has a lower risk of such symptoms, it is still advisable to gradually reduce doses of 20mg over a period of 1-2 weeks before stopping completely.... | [
"If experiencing unpleasant side effects from Prozac, it is recommended to avoid abruptly discontinuing the medication",
"Abrupt discontinuation of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) may result in withdrawal symptoms",
"Prozac has a lower risk of withdrawal symptoms compared to other SSRIs",
"It ... | [] | https://www.uptodate.com/contents/discontinuing-antidepressant-medications-in-adults?search=fluoxetine%20withdrawal&source=search_result&selectedTitle=1~150&usage_type=default&display_rank=1
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8841913/
https://khealth.com/learn/antidepressants/how-long-does-prozac-stay... | Major depressive disorder, single episode, unspecified |
If this is just muscle strain, how many days should I expect the pain to go away? | If a muscle is stretched too much or too quickly, or if it is overworked, a muscle strain can occur. This can happen during an exercise or as a result of an accident. The time it takes to recover fully from a muscle strain depends on various factors, including the severity and location of the injury, your personal heal... | [
"If a muscle is stretched too much or too quickly, or if it is overworked, a muscle strain can occur",
"Muscle strains can happen during exercise or as a result of an accident",
"Recovery time from a muscle strain depends on factors such as severity, location, personal health history, and age",
"Mild muscle s... | [
"To reduce symptoms of a muscle strain, rest the muscle",
"To reduce symptoms of a muscle strain, apply ice to the affected area",
"To reduce symptoms of a muscle strain, wrap the muscle with an elastic bandage"
] | https://www.uptodate.com/contents/muscle-strain-the-basics?search=muscle%20strain&source=search_result&selectedTitle=1~127&usage_type=default&display_rank=1
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22336-muscle-strains
https://www.afcurgentcaremonroerd.com/how-long-does-pain-from-a-pulled-muscle-last/
https://... | null |
Im confused what creatinine? | The body produces creatinine as a byproduct of muscle cells breaking down creatine phosphate for energy. The kidneys filter creatinine out of the blood and eliminate it through urine. Creatinine levels that are high in the blood and low in urine may indicate kidney problems. Doctors can use creatinine levels, along wit... | [
"Creatinine is a byproduct of muscle cells breaking down creatine phosphate for energy",
"The kidneys filter creatinine out of the blood and eliminate it through urine",
"High creatinine levels in the blood and low levels in urine may indicate kidney problems",
"Intense exercise can lead to temporarily elevat... | [
"Healthcare providers may request creatinine testing as part of a regular check-up or if kidney disease is suspected",
" Doctors can use creatinine levels, along with patient age, gender, and race, to calculate eGFR, which helps assess kidney function"
] | https://labtestsonline.org.uk/tests/creatinine
https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/creatinine-test/
https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/professionals/clinical-tools-patient-management/kidney-disease/laboratory-evaluation/frequently-asked-questions | null |
In any case, is a product like abreva still good to use for cold sore treatment? | Docosanol (Abreva) is a topical antiviral treatment that can be purchased over the counter to help soothe cold sores or fever blisters on the face and lips. It's important to note that studies have produced mixed results regarding the efficacy of Abreva. In addition, Abreva does not cure HSV1 or HSV2 or prevent the vir... | [
"Cold sores are usually self-limited and recover whithin a few days.",
" Studies show conflicted data regarding the potential benefits of Docosanol (Abreva) for treating cold sores.",
" Docosanol (Abreva) is an over-the-counter antiviral topical treatment for cold sores or fever blisters on the face and lips.",... | [
"Medication such as local topical anesthetics like lidocaine could be taken to relieve symptoms of cold sores."
] | https://www-uptodate-com.meir.idm.oclc.org/contents/docosanol-drug-information?search=abreva&topicRef=8287&source=see_link#F162115
https://www-uptodate-com.meir.idm.oclc.org/contents/treatment-and-prevention-of-herpes-simplex-virus-type-1-in-immunocompetent-adolescents-and-adults?search=docosanol&source=search_result&... | null |
In case it does turn out to be fungal, would it be bad to pick up an OTC anti-fungal like Tinactin to apply to the area or would that be a bad idea? | If you have a fungal infection like athlete's foot, jock itch or ringworm, you can use over-the-counter topical antifungal drugs such as Tinactin to treat it. Apply the medication once or twice a day until the infection goes away, which usually takes around four weeks.
If topical antifungal therapy doesn't work or the ... | [
"If you have a fungal infection like athlete's foot, you can use over-the-counter topical antifungal drugs such as Tinactin to treat it",
"If you have a fungal infection like jock itch, you can use over-the-counter topical antifungal drugs such as Tinactin to treat it",
"If you have a fungal infection like ring... | [
"Apply Tinactin once or twice a day until the infection goes away, which usually takes around four weeks",
"If topical antifungal therapy doesn't work or the infection is severe, your doctor may prescribe oral systemic antifungal therapy, with drugs like terbinafine and itraconazole",
" Alternatively, your doct... | https://www.drugs.com/search.php?searchterm=Tinactin&a=1
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/dermatophyte-tinea-infections?search=antifungals&source=search_result&selectedTitle=6~148&usage_type=default&display_rank=6#H300483
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/tolnaftate-drug-information?search=tinactin&source=pane... | Anal fissure, unspecified |
Is Augmentin the same thing as Amoxcicilin? | Augmentin is an antibacterial medication which is consisted of two active drugs: amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. Amoxicillin is an antibiotic from the penicillin family, which is used against certain bacterial infections. Some bacteria developed mechanisms of resistance to amoxicillin effect. The added-on compound of ... | [
"Augmentin is an antibacterial medication composed of two active drugs: amoxicillin and clavulanic acid.",
" Clavulanic acid, a component of Augmentin, inhibits some mechanisms of bacterial resistance to amoxicillin."
] | [
"Amoxicillin is an antibiotic from the penicillin family, used against certain bacterial infections.",
" Some bacteria have developed mechanisms of resistance to amoxicillin."
] | https://www-uptodate-com.meir.idm.oclc.org/contents/amoxicillin-and-clavulanate-drug-information#F134594 | null |
Is Buspar a good medicine to take with the Zoloft? | Both Buspirone (Buspar) and Sertraline (Zoloft) elevate the serotonin levels in the brain.
This combination may increase the risk of serotonin syndrome, a serious and life-threatening condition. Symptoms of serotonin syndrome include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, tremors, sweating, high fever, muscle stiffness, seizures... | [
"Buspirone (Buspar) and Sertraline (Zoloft) both elevate serotonin levels in the brain",
"Combining Buspirone (Buspar) and Sertraline (Zoloft) may increase the risk of serotonin syndrome",
"Seek immediate medical attention if you suspect serotonin syndrome"
] | [
"Symptoms of serotonin syndrome can include diarrhea.",
" Symptoms of serotonin syndrome can include high fever.",
" Symptoms of serotonin syndrome can include tremor.",
" Symptoms of serotonin syndrome can include vomiting.",
" Symptoms of serotonin syndrome can include seizures.",
" Symptoms of serotoni... | https://www.uptodate.com/contents/buspirone-drug-information?search=buspar&source=panel_search_result&selectedTitle=1~80&usage_type=panel&kp_tab=drug_general&display_rank=1#F143260
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/buspirone-drug-information?search=buspar&source=panel_search_result&selectedTitle=1~80&usage_type=pan... | Other specified depressive episodes |
Is Saxenda a daily injection? | Saxenda is an injection given once a day under the skin (subcutaneous) from a multi-dose injection pen, and it is suitable for self-injection after receiving a proper explanation about how to do so. | [
"Saxenda is administered as a daily injection.",
" Saxenda is delivered from a multi-dose injection pen."
] | [
"Saxenda is injected under the skin (subcutaneously).",
" Saxenda is suitable for self-injection after proper instruction."
] | https://www.drugs.com/saxenda.html
https://www.saxenda.com/about-saxenda/dosing-schedule.html | null |
Is Valtrex the same thing as valacyclovir? | Valtrex is the US brand name for valacyclovir, used to treat shingles and chickenpox – both caused by the varicella-zoster virus. | [
"Valtrex is the US brand name for the drug valacyclovir."
] | [
"Valacyclovir is used to treat shingles and chickenpox.",
" Shingles and chickenpox are both caused by the varicella zoster virus."
] | https://www-uptodate-com.meir.idm.oclc.org/contents/valacyclovir-drug-information#F232777 | Herpesviral vesicular dermatitis |
Is accutane like an antibiotic and would it affect a baby if I got pregnant? | Isotretinoin (Accutane) is a form of vitamin A that helps to reduce the amount of oil produced by your skin's oil glands, but it's not an antibiotic. This drug is used to treat severe acne that has not responded to other treatments. It's important to note that this medication can cause severe birth defects or even fetu... | [
"Isotretinoin (Accutane) works by reducing the amount of oil released by oil glands in the skin.",
" Isotretinoin (Accutane) is a form of vitamin A, not an antibiotic drug.",
" Two forms of birth control are required to prevent pregnancy while taking Isotretinoin (Accutane).",
" Consultation with a healthcare... | [
"Isotretinoin (Accutane) is used to treat severe acne that has not responded to other treatments, including antibiotics."
] | https://www.drugs.com/accutane.html
https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/isotretinoin-capsules/
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/drugs/19186-isotretinoin-capsules | Acne, unspecified |
Is blepharitis contagious? | Blepharitis is an inflammation of the eyelid that causes red, swollen, and irritated eyelids. The exact cause of blepharitis is unknown, but it might be associated with bacterial buildup, seborrheic dermatitis, clogged oil glands in the eyelids, rosacea, allergies, and eyelash mites. While it could be caused by bacteri... | [
"Blepharitis is not contagious"
] | [
"Blepharitis might be associated with seborrheic dermatitis.",
" Blepharitis might be associated with allergies.",
" Blepharitis might be associated with rosacea.",
" Blepharitis might be associated with other reasons.",
" Blepharitis might be associated with clogged oil glands in the eyelids.",
" Blephar... | https://www.nei.nih.gov/learn-about-eye-health/eye-conditions-and-diseases/blepharitis
https://www.healthline.com/health/eye-health/is-blepharitis-contagious
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/blepharitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20370141 | Unspecified blepharitis unspecified eye, unspecified eyelid |
Is flu test same as influenza test ? | The flu test and the influenza test are the same thing. "Flu" is a common name for an acute respiratory illness caused by the influenza virus. If you experience a sudden fever, cough, and muscle aches during the winter months, it's likely that you have influenza. In such cases, an influenza test can be taken to confirm... | [
"Flu is the common name for an acute respiratory illness caused by the virus influenza.",
" Flu test is the same as influenza test."
] | [
"In patients above age 65 or patients with high risk for complications, a flu test is in order.",
" Flu test includes performing a molecular assay in the lab using RT-PCR or antigen immunofluorescence assays.",
" Flu test includes collecting a sample from throat or nose.",
" Abrupt fever, cough and muscle ach... | https://www-uptodate-com.meir.idm.oclc.org/contents/seasonal-influenza-in-adults-clinical-manifestations-and-diagnosis?search=influenza%20diagnosis§ionRank=1&usage_type=default&anchor=H4280894726&source=machineLearning&selectedTitle=1~150&display_rank=1#H4280894726 | null |
Is ibuprofen a part of tylenol? | Ibuprofen( Advil, Motrin) and Acetaminophen (Tylenol) are common pain and fever relievers. Whilst the two drugs share some similar features, the active ingredient is different, and Ibuprofen is not a part of Acetaminophen. | [
"The active ingredient in Ibuprofen is different from that in Acetaminophen.",
" Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) is not a part of Acetaminophen (Tylenol)."
] | [
"Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) and Acetaminophen (Tylenol) are common pain and fever relievers."
] | https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/ibuprofen-for-adults/
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/acetaminophen-paracetamol-drug-information?search=tylenol&source=panel_search_result&selectedTitle=1~149&usage_type=panel&kp_tab=drug_general&display_rank=1
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/ibuprofen-drug-information?search=ibuprofe... | Unspecified diseases of pulp and periapical tissues |
Is it common to have an abscess with no pain? | An abscess is a pocket of pus that can develop anywhere in your body, including the skin, mouth, and internal organs. Typically, pain is the primary symptom of an abscess, and it is often what prompts patients to seek medical help. However, some abscesses can be painless due to factors like size, location, and the pati... | [
"Not experiencing pain does not exclude the presence of an abscess.",
" If you suspect you might have an abscess, you should consult your healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment.",
" A common symptom of an abscess is pain.",
" Less commonly, an abscess can be painless due to its location, size, patien... | [
"An abscess is a pocket of pus that can form almost anywhere in your body including the skin, mouth and internal organs.",
" Abscesses usually require a medical intervention.",
" Pain is often the reason patients with an abscess seek medical attention."
] | https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22876-abscess#:~:text=An%20abscess%20is%20a%20pocket,up%20within%20the%20damaged%20tissue.
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/skin-abscesses-in-adults-treatment?search=abscess&source=search_result&selectedTitle=1~108&usage_type=default&display_rank=1
https://www.health.ha... | Acute lymphadenitis, unspecified |
End of preview.
K-QA
We are excited to announce the release of K-QA!
This benchmark consists of two parts: a medium-scale corpus of diverse real-world medical inquiries written by patients on K Health (an AI-driven clinical platform), and a subset of carefully crafted answers annotated by a team of in-house medical experts.
The dataset comprises 201 questions and answers, containing over 1,589 ground-truth statements. Additionally, we provide 1,212 authentic patient questions.
For further details, refer to the paper.
The recommended evaluation scheme for fine-grained evaluation can be found here
Cite Us
@misc{manes2024kqa,
title={K-QA: A Real-World Medical Q&A Benchmark},
author={Itay Manes and Naama Ronn and David Cohen and Ran Ilan Ber and Zehavi Horowitz-Kugler and Gabriel Stanovsky},
year={2024},
eprint={2401.14493},
archivePrefix={arXiv},
primaryClass={cs.CL}
}
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