id stringlengths 2 8 | url stringlengths 31 174 | title stringlengths 1 110 | text stringlengths 10 288k |
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983 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert%20Camus | Albert Camus | Albert Camus ( , ; ; 7 November 1913 – 4 January 1960) was a French philosopher, author, and journalist. He was awarded the 1957 Nobel Prize in Literature at the age of 44, the second-youngest recipient in history. His works include The Stranger, The Plague, The Myth of Sisyphus, The Fall, and The Rebel.
Camus was bo... |
984 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agatha%20Christie | Agatha Christie | Dame Agatha Mary Clarissa Christie, Lady Mallowan, (née Miller; 15 September 1890 – 12 January 1976) was an English writer known for her 66 detective novels and 14 short story collections, particularly those revolving around fictional detectives Hercule Poirot and Miss Marple. She also wrote the world's longest-runnin... |
986 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Plague%20%28novel%29 | The Plague (novel) | The Plague () is a novel by Albert Camus. Published in 1947, it tells the story from the point of view of a narrator of a plague sweeping the French Algerian city of Oran. The narrator remains unknown until the start of the last chapter, chapter 5 of part 5. The novel presents a snapshot of life in Oran as seen throug... |
988 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applied%20ethics | Applied ethics | Applied ethics refers to the practical application of moral considerations. It is ethics with respect to real-world actions and their moral considerations in the areas of private and public life, the professions, health, technology, law, and leadership. For example, the bioethics community is concerned with identifying... |
991 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute%20value | Absolute value | In mathematics, the absolute value or modulus of a real number , is the non-negative value without regard to its sign. Namely, if is a positive number, and if is negative (in which case negating makes positive), and For example, the absolute value of 3 and the absolute value of −3 is The absolute value of a ... |
993 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analog%20signal | Analog signal | An analog signal is any continuous signal representing some other quantity, i.e., "analogous" to another quantity. For example, in an analog audio signal, the instantaneous signal voltage varies continuously with the pressure of the sound waves.
In contrast, a digital signal represents the original time-varying quant... |
994 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arecales | Arecales | Arecales is an order of flowering plants. The order has been widely recognised only for the past few decades; until then, the accepted name for the order including these plants was Principes.
Taxonomy
The APG IV system of 2016 places Dasypogonaceae in this order, after studies showing Dasypogonaceae as sister to Areca... |
1000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hercule%20Poirot | Hercule Poirot | Hercule Poirot (, ) is a fictional Belgian detective created by British writer Agatha Christie. Poirot is one of Christie's most famous and long-running characters, appearing in 33 novels, two plays (Black Coffee and Alibi), and more than 50 short stories published between 1920 and 1975.
Poirot has been portrayed on r... |
1002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miss%20Marple | Miss Marple | Miss Marple is a fictional character in Agatha Christie's crime novels and short stories. Jane Marple lives in the village of St. Mary Mead and acts as an amateur consulting detective. Often characterized as an elderly spinster, she is one of Christie's best-known characters and has been portrayed numerous times on scr... |
1004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April | April | April is the fourth month of the year in the Gregorian calendar, the fifth in the early Julian, the first of four months to have a length of 30 days, and the second of five months to have a length of less than 31 days.
April is commonly associated with the season of autumn in parts of the Southern Hemisphere, and spri... |
1005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August | August | August is the eighth month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars, and the fifth of seven months to have a length of 31 days. Its zodiac sign is Leo and was originally named Sextilis in Latin because it was the 6th month in the original ten-month Roman calendar under Romulus in 753 BC, with March being the f... |
1006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aaron | Aaron | According to the Abrahamic religions, Aaron ( or ; ’Ahărōn) was a prophet, high priest, and the elder brother of Moses. Knowledge of Aaron, along with his brother Moses, comes exclusively from religious texts, such as the Bible and Quran.
The Hebrew Bible relates that, unlike Moses, who grew up in the Egyptian royal ... |
1008 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April%206 | April 6 |
Events
Pre–1600
46 BC – Julius Caesar defeats Caecilius Metellus Scipio and Marcus Porcius Cato (Cato the Younger) at the Battle of Thapsus.
402 – Stilicho defeats the Visigoths under Alaric in the Battle of Pollentia.
1250 – Seventh Crusade: Ayyubids of Egypt capture King Louis IX of France in the Battle of Farisk... |
1009 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April%2012 | April 12 |
Events
Pre-1600
240 – Shapur I becomes co-emperor of the Sasanian Empire with his father Ardashir I.
467 – Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
627 – King Edwin of Northumbria is converted to Christianity by Paulinus, bishop of York.
1012 – Duke Oldřich of Bohemia deposes and blinds his b... |
1010 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April%2015 | April 15 |
Events
Pre-1600
769 – The Lateran Council condemns the Council of Hieria and anathematizes its iconoclastic rulings.
1071 – Bari, the last Byzantine possession in southern Italy, is surrendered to Robert Guiscard.
1395 – Timur defeats Tokhtamysh of the Golden Horde at the Battle of the Terek River. The Golden Horde... |
1011 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April%2030 | April 30 |
Events
Pre-1600
30 – After being condemned to death by the Jewish court known as the Sanhedrin, Jesus of Nazareth is crucified at Golghotha.
311 – The Diocletianic Persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire ends.
1315 – Enguerrand de Marigny is hanged at the instigation of Charles, Count of Valois.
1492 – Spain ... |
1012 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August%2022 | August 22 |
Events
Pre-1600
392 – Arbogast has Eugenius elected Western Roman Emperor.
851 – Battle of Jengland: Erispoe defeats Charles the Bald near the Breton town of Jengland.
1138 – Battle of the Standard between Scotland and England.
1485 – The Battle of Bosworth Field, the death of Richard III and the end of the House ... |
1013 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August%2027 | August 27 |
Events
Pre-1600
410 – The sacking of Rome by the Visigoths ends after three days.
1172 – Henry the Young King and Margaret of France are crowned junior king and queen of England.
1557 – The Battle of St. Quentin results in Emmanuel Philibert becoming Duke of Savoy.
1593 – Pierre Barrière failed an attempt to assass... |
1014 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol%20%28chemistry%29 | Alcohol (chemistry) | In chemistry, an alcohol is a type of organic compound that carries at least one hydroxyl functional group (−OH) bound to a saturated carbon atom. The term alcohol originally referred to the primary alcohol ethanol (ethyl alcohol), which is used as a drug and is the main alcohol present in alcoholic drinks. An importan... |
1016 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achill%20Island | Achill Island | Achill Island (; ) in County Mayo is the largest of the Irish isles, and is situated off the west coast of Ireland. It has a population of 2,594. Its area is . Achill is attached to the mainland by Michael Davitt Bridge, between the villages of Gob an Choire (Achill Sound) and Poll Raithní (Polranny). A bridge was firs... |
1017 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allen%20Ginsberg | Allen Ginsberg | Irwin Allen Ginsberg (; June 3, 1926 – April 5, 1997) was an American poet and writer. As a student at Columbia University in the 1940s, he began friendships with William S. Burroughs and Jack Kerouac, forming the core of the Beat Generation. He vigorously opposed militarism, economic materialism, and sexual repression... |
1018 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algebraically%20closed%20field | Algebraically closed field | In mathematics, a field is algebraically closed if every non-constant polynomial in (the univariate polynomial ring with coefficients in ) has a root in .
Examples
As an example, the field of real numbers is not algebraically closed, because the polynomial equation x2 + 1 = 0 has no solution in real numbers, even t... |
1019 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August%206 | August 6 |
Events
Pre-1600
1284 – The Republic of Pisa is defeated in the Battle of Meloria by the Republic of Genoa, thus losing its naval dominance in the Mediterranean.
1538 – Bogotá, Colombia, is founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada.
1601–1900
1661 – The Treaty of The Hague is signed by Portugal and the Dutch Republic.
1... |
1020 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatoly%20Karpov | Anatoly Karpov | Anatoly Yevgenyevich Karpov (; born May 23, 1951) is a Russian and former Soviet chess grandmaster, former World Chess Champion, and politician. He was the 12th World Chess Champion from 1975 to 1985, a three-time FIDE World Champion (1993, 1996, 1998), twice World Chess champion as a member of the USSR team (1985, 19... |
1021 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspect%20ratio | Aspect ratio | The aspect ratio of a geometric shape is the ratio of its sizes in different dimensions. For example, the aspect ratio of a rectangle is the ratio of its longer side to its shorter sidethe ratio of width to height, when the rectangle is oriented as a "landscape".
The aspect ratio is most often expressed as two integer... |
1022 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto%20racing | Auto racing | Auto racing (also known as car racing, motor racing, or automobile racing) is a motorsport involving the racing of automobiles for competition.
Auto racing has existed since the invention of the automobile. Races of various sorts were organised, with the first recorded as early as 1867. Many of the earliest events wer... |
1023 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarcho-capitalism | Anarcho-capitalism | Anarcho-capitalism is a political philosophy that advocates the elimination of centralized states in favor of a system of private property enforced by private agencies, free markets and the right-libertarian interpretation of self-ownership, which extends the concept to include control of private property as part of th... |
1027 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August%209 | August 9 |
Events
Pre-1600
48 BC – Caesar's Civil War: Battle of Pharsalus: Julius Caesar decisively defeats Pompey at Pharsalus and Pompey flees to Egypt.
378 – Gothic War: Battle of Adrianople: A large Roman army led by Emperor Valens is defeated by the Visigoths. Valens is killed along with over half of his army.
1173 – Co... |
1028 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristophanes | Aristophanes | Aristophanes (; , ; c. 446 – c. 386 BC), son of Philippus, of the deme Kydathenaion (), was a comic playwright or comedy-writer of ancient Athens and a poet of Old Attic Comedy. Eleven of his forty plays survive virtually complete. These provide the most valuable examples of a genre of comic drama known as Old Comedy a... |
1029 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert%20Schweitzer | Albert Schweitzer | Ludwig Philipp Albert Schweitzer (; 14 January 1875 – 4 September 1965) was an Alsatian-German polymath. He was a theologian, organist, musicologist, writer, humanitarian, philosopher, and physician. A Lutheran, Schweitzer challenged both the secular view of Jesus as depicted by the historical-critical method current ... |
1030 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austrian%20School | Austrian School | The Austrian School is a heterodox school of economic thought that is based on methodological individualism, the concept that social phenomena result exclusively from the motivations and actions of individuals.
The Austrian School originated in late-19th and early-20th-century Vienna with the work of Carl Menger, Euge... |
1032 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abscess | Abscess | An abscess is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the body. Signs and symptoms of abscesses include redness, pain, warmth, and swelling. The swelling may feel fluid-filled when pressed. The area of redness often extends beyond the swelling. Carbuncles and boils are types of abscess that often inv... |
1036 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aalborg%20Municipality | Aalborg Municipality | Aalborg Municipality is a municipality (Danish, kommune) in Region Nordjylland on the Jutland peninsula in northern Denmark. The municipality straddles the Limfjord, the waterway which connects the North Sea and the Kattegat east-to-west, and which separates the main body of the Jutland peninsula from the island of Ven... |
1038 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aarhus | Aarhus | Aarhus (, , ; officially spelled Århus from 1948 until 1 January 2011) is the second-largest city in Denmark and the seat of Aarhus municipality. It is located on the eastern shore of Jutland in the Kattegat sea and approximately northwest of Copenhagen.
The largest city in Jutland, Aarhus anchors the Central Denmark... |
1043 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern%20cavefish | Northern cavefish | The northern cavefish or northern blindfish, Amblyopsis spelaea, is found in caves through Kentucky and southern Indiana. It is listed as a threatened species in the United States and the IUCN lists the species as near threatened.
During a 2013 study of Amblyopsis spelaea, scientists found that the species was divided... |
1046 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abatement | Abatement | Abatement refers generally to a lessening, diminution, reduction, or moderation; specifically, it may refer to:
Abatement of debts and legacies, a common law doctrine of wills
Abatement in pleading, a legal defense to civil and criminal actions based purely on procedural and technical issues involving the death of p... |
1049 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amateur | Amateur | An amateur (; ; ) is generally considered a person who pursues an avocation independent from their source of income. Amateurs and their pursuits are also described as popular, informal, self-taught, user-generated, DIY, and hobbyist.
History
Historically, the amateur was considered to be the ideal balance between pu... |
1051 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexis%20Carrel | Alexis Carrel | Alexis Carrel (; 28 June 1873 – 5 November 1944) was a French surgeon and biologist who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1912 for pioneering vascular suturing techniques. He invented the first perfusion pump with Charles A. Lindbergh opening the way to organ transplantation. His positive descrip... |
1055 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All%20Souls%27%20Day | All Souls' Day | All Souls' Day, also known as the Commemoration of All the Faithful Departed and the Day of the Dead, is a day of prayer and remembrance for the faithful departed, which is observed by Roman Catholics and other Christian denominations annually on 2 November. All Souls' Day is often celebrated in Western Christianity; ... |
1057 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatole%20France | Anatole France | (; born , ; 16 April 1844 – 12 October 1924) was a French poet, journalist, and novelist with several best-sellers. Ironic and skeptical, he was considered in his day the ideal French man of letters. He was a member of the Académie française, and won the 1921 Nobel Prize in Literature "in recognition of his brilliant l... |
1058 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%A9%20Gide | André Gide | André Paul Guillaume Gide (; 22 November 1869 – 19 February 1951) was a French author and winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature (in 1947). Gide's career ranged from its beginnings in the symbolist movement, to the advent of anticolonialism between the two World Wars. The author of more than fifty books, at the time o... |
1063 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms%20for%20calculating%20variance | Algorithms for calculating variance | Algorithms for calculating variance play a major role in computational statistics. A key difficulty in the design of good algorithms for this problem is that formulas for the variance may involve sums of squares, which can lead to numerical instability as well as to arithmetic overflow when dealing with large values.
... |
1064 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almond | Almond | The almond (Prunus amygdalus, syn. Prunus dulcis) is a species of tree native to Iran and surrounding countries, but widely cultivated elsewhere. The almond is also the name of the edible and widely cultivated seed of this tree. Within the genus Prunus, it is classified with the peach in the subgenus Amygdalus, disting... |
1069 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics%20of%20Antigua%20and%20Barbuda | Demographics of Antigua and Barbuda | This article is about the demographic features of the population of Antigua and Barbuda, including population density, ethnicity, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
Population
According to the 2011 census the estimated resident population of Antigua and Barbuda was 86,295.
The estimated popul... |
1070 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politics%20of%20Antigua%20and%20Barbuda | Politics of Antigua and Barbuda | The politics of Antigua and Barbuda takes place in a framework of a unitary parliamentary representative democratic monarchy, wherein the Sovereign of Antigua and Barbuda is the head of state, appointing a Governor-General to act as vice-regal representative in the nation. A Prime Minister is appointed by the Governor-... |
1072 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunications%20in%20Antigua%20and%20Barbuda | Telecommunications in Antigua and Barbuda | Telecommunications in Antigua and Barbuda are via media in the telecommunications industry. This article is about communications systems in Antigua and Barbuda.
Telephone
Telephones – main lines in use: 37,500 (2006)
country comparison to the world: 168
Telephones – mobile cellular: 110,200 (2006) (APUA PCS, Cable & ... |
1074 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal%20Antigua%20and%20Barbuda%20Defence%20Force | Royal Antigua and Barbuda Defence Force | The Royal Antigua and Barbuda Defence Force is the armed forces of Antigua and Barbuda. The RABDF has responsibility for several different roles: internal security, prevention of drug smuggling, the protection and support of fishing rights, prevention of marine pollution, search and rescue, ceremonial duties, assistanc... |
1078 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antisemitism | Antisemitism | Antisemitism (also spelled anti-semitism or anti-Semitism) is hostility to, prejudice towards, or discrimination against Jews. A person who holds such positions is called an antisemite. Antisemitism is considered to be a form of racism.
Antisemitism may be manifested in many ways, ranging from expressions of hatred of... |
1081 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy%20of%20Azerbaijan | Economy of Azerbaijan | The economy of Azerbaijan has completed its post-Soviet transition into a major oil-based economy (with the completion of the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan Pipeline), from one where the state played the major role. The transition to oil production led to remarkable growth figures as projects came online; reaching 26.4% in 2005 (... |
1082 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography%20of%20Azerbaijan | Geography of Azerbaijan | Azerbaijan is a country in the Caucasus region, situated at the juncture of Europe and Western Asia. Three physical features dominate Azerbaijan: the Caspian Sea, whose shoreline forms a natural boundary to the east; the Greater Caucasus mountain range to the north; and the extensive flatlands at the country's center. ... |
1087 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign%20relations%20of%20Azerbaijan | Foreign relations of Azerbaijan | The Republic of Azerbaijan is a member of the United Nations, the Non-Aligned Movement, the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, NATO's Partnership for Peace, the Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council, the World Health Organization, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development; the Council of Europe... |
1088 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azerbaijani%20Armed%20Forces | Azerbaijani Armed Forces | The Armed Forces of Azerbaijan () were re-established according to the Law of the Republic of Azerbaijan on the Armed Forces from 9 October 1991. The Azerbaijan Democratic Republic (ADR) had originally formed its own armed forces from 26 June 1918 but were dissolved after Azerbaijan was absorbed into the Soviet Union a... |
1091 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography%20of%20Armenia | Geography of Armenia | Armenia is a landlocked country in Western Asia, situated in the Transcaucasus region, between the Black and Caspian Seas, bordered on the north and east by Georgia and Azerbaijan and on the south and west by Iran, Azerbaijan's exclave Nakhchivan, and Turkey.
The terrain is mostly mountainous and flat, with fast flowi... |
1092 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics%20of%20Armenia | Demographics of Armenia | After registering steady increases during the Soviet period, the population of Armenia declined from its peak value of 3.633 million in 1992 to 2.986 million in 2017.
The country's population has declined due to increased emigration since the break-up of the Soviet Union. The rates of emigration and population decline... |
1093 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politics%20of%20Armenia | Politics of Armenia | The politics of Armenia take place in the framework of the parliamentary representative democratic republic of Armenia, whereby the President of Armenia is the head of state and the Prime Minister of Armenia the head of government, and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the President and the Gover... |
1094 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy%20of%20Armenia | Economy of Armenia | The Armenian economy contracted sharply in 2020, by 5.7%. In contrast it grew by 7.6 per cent in 2019, the largest recorded growth since 2007, while between 2012 and 2018 GDP grew 40.7%, and key banking indicators like assets and credit exposures almost doubled.
Until independence, Armenia's economy was based largely ... |
1096 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport%20in%20Armenia | Transport in Armenia | This article considers transport in Armenia.
Railways
Total
in common carrier service; does not include industrial lines
Broad gauge
825 km of gauge (825 km electrified) (1995)
There is no service south of Yerevan.
City with metro system: Yerevan
International links
Azerbaijan - closed - same gauge
Georgia - y... |
1097 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armed%20Forces%20of%20Armenia | Armed Forces of Armenia | The Armed Forces of Armenia (), sometimes referred to as the Armenian Army (), is the national military of Armenia. It consists of personnel branches under the General Staff of the Armenian Armed Forces, which can be divided into two general branches: the Ground Forces, and the Air Force and Air Defense Forces. Though ... |
1098 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign%20relations%20of%20Armenia | Foreign relations of Armenia | Since its independence, Armenia has maintained a policy of complementarism by trying to have positive and friendly relations with Iran, Russia, and the West, including the United States and the European Union. It has full membership status in a number of international organizations and observer status, etc. in some oth... |
1110 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics%20of%20American%20Samoa | Demographics of American Samoa | This article is about the demographics of American Samoa, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population. American Samoa is an unincorporated territory of the United States located in the South Pacific Ocean.
... |
1111 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politics%20of%20American%20Samoa | Politics of American Samoa | Politics of American Samoa takes place in a framework of a presidential representative democratic dependency, whereby the Governor is the head of government, and of a pluriform multi-party system. American Samoa is an unincorporated and unorganized territory of the United States, administered by the Office of Insular A... |
1112 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy%20of%20American%20Samoa | Economy of American Samoa | The economy of American Samoa is a traditional Polynesian economy in which more than 90% of the land is communally owned. Economic activity is strongly linked to the United States, with which American Samoa conducts the great bulk of its foreign trade. Tuna fishing and processing plants are the backbone of the private ... |
1129 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August%2013 | August 13 |
Events
Pre-1600
29 BC – Octavian holds the first of three consecutive triumphs in Rome to celebrate the victory over the Dalmatian tribes.
523 – John I becomes the new Pope after the death of Pope Hormisdas.
554 – Emperor Justinian I rewards Liberius for his service in the Pragmatic Sanction, granting him extensiv... |
1130 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna | Avicenna | Ibn Sina (), also known as Abu Ali Sina (), Pour Sina (), and often known in the West as Avicenna (; – June 1037), was a Persian polymath who is regarded as one of the most significant physicians, astronomers, thinkers and writers of the Islamic Golden Age, and the father of early modern medicine. Sajjad H. Rizvi has ... |
1132 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Ashes | The Ashes | The Ashes is a Test cricket series played between England and Australia. The term originated in a satirical obituary published in a British newspaper, The Sporting Times, immediately after Australia's 1882 victory at The Oval, its first Test win on English soil. The obituary stated that English cricket had died, and "t... |
1134 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analysis | Analysis | Analysis is the process of breaking a complex topic or substance into smaller parts in order to gain a better understanding of it. The technique has been applied in the study of mathematics and logic since before Aristotle (384–322 B.C.), though analysis as a formal concept is a relatively recent development.
The word... |
1135 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abner%20Doubleday | Abner Doubleday | Abner Doubleday (June 26, 1819 – January 26, 1893) was a career United States Army officer and Union major general in the American Civil War. He fired the first shot in defense of Fort Sumter, the opening battle of the war, and had a pivotal role in the early fighting at the Battle of Gettysburg. Gettysburg was his fin... |
1136 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/America%27s%20National%20Game | America's National Game | America's National Game is a book by Albert Spalding, published in 1911, that details the early history of the sport of baseball. It is one of the defining books in the early formative years of modern baseball.
Much of the story is told first-hand; since the 1850s, Spalding had been involved in the game, first as a pi... |
1140 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amplitude%20modulation | Amplitude modulation | Amplitude modulation (AM) is a modulation technique used in electronic communication, most commonly for transmitting messages with a radio wave. In amplitude modulation, the amplitude (signal strength) of the wave is varied in proportion to that of the message signal, such as an audio signal. This technique contrasts w... |
1141 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augustin-Jean%20Fresnel | Augustin-Jean Fresnel | Augustin-Jean Fresnel ( ; ; or ; ; 10 May 1788 – 14 July 1827) was a French civil engineer and physicist whose research in optics led to the almost unanimous acceptance of the wave theory of light, excluding any remnant of Newton's corpuscular theory, from the late 1830s until the end of the 19th century. He is perha... |
1143 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbot | Abbot | Abbot (from the Aramaic Abba meaning "father") is an ecclesiastical title given to the male head of a monastery in various Western religious traditions, including Christianity. The office may also be given as an honorary title to a clergyman who is not the head of a monastery. The female equivalent is abbess.
Origins
... |
1144 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ardipithecus | Ardipithecus | Ardipithecus is a genus of an extinct hominine that lived during the Late Miocene and Early Pliocene epochs in the Afar Depression, Ethiopia. Originally described as one of the earliest ancestors of humans after they diverged from the chimpanzees, the relation of this genus to human ancestors and whether it is a homini... |
1146 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assembly%20line | Assembly line | An assembly line is a manufacturing process (often called a progressive assembly) in which parts (usually interchangeable parts) are added as the semi-finished assembly moves from workstation to workstation where the parts are added in sequence until the final assembly is produced. By mechanically moving the parts to t... |
1148 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adelaide | Adelaide | Adelaide ( ) is the capital city of South Australia, the state's largest city and the fifth-most populous city of Australia. "Adelaide" may refer to either Greater Adelaide (including the Adelaide Hills) or the Adelaide city centre. The demonym is used to denote the city and the residents of Adelaide. Adelaide city ce... |
1152 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan%20Garner | Alan Garner | Alan Garner (born 17 October 1934) is an English novelist best known for his children's fantasy novels and his retellings of traditional British folk tales. Much of his work is rooted in the landscape, history and folklore of his native county of Cheshire, North West England, being set in the region and making use of ... |
1154 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August%202 | August 2 |
Events
Pre-1600
338 BC – A Macedonian army led by Philip II defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes in the Battle of Chaeronea, securing Macedonian hegemony in Greece and the Aegean.
216 BC – The Carthaginian army led by Hannibal defeats a numerically superior Roman army at the Battle of Cannae.
49 BC – Ca... |
1155 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic%20%28disambiguation%29 | Atlantic (disambiguation) | The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world's oceans, that separates the old world from the new world.
Atlantic may also refer to:
Places
In Canada
Atlantic, Nova Scotia
Atlantic Canada
In the United States
Atlantic, Iowa
Atlantic, Massachusetts
Atlantic, North Carolina, an unincorporated community i... |
1158 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algebraic%20number | Algebraic number | An algebraic number is a number that is a root of a non-zero polynomial in one variable with integer (or, equivalently, rational) coefficients. For example, the golden ratio, , is an algebraic number, because it is a root of the polynomial . That is, it is a value for x for which the polynomial evaluates to zero. As ... |
1160 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automorphism | Automorphism | In mathematics, an automorphism is an isomorphism from a mathematical object to itself. It is, in some sense, a symmetry of the object, and a way of mapping the object to itself while preserving all of its structure. The set of all automorphisms of an object forms a group, called the automorphism group. It is, loosely ... |
1162 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accordion | Accordion | Accordions (from 19th-century German Akkordeon, from Akkord—"musical chord, concord of sounds") are a family of box-shaped musical instruments of the bellows-driven free-reed aerophone type, colloquially referred to as a squeezebox. A person who plays the accordion is called an accordionist. The concertina and bandone... |
1164 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial%20intelligence | Artificial intelligence | Artificial intelligence (AI) is intelligence demonstrated by machines, as opposed to natural intelligence displayed by animals including humans. Leading AI textbooks define the field as the study of "intelligent agents": any system that perceives its environment and takes actions that maximize its chance of achieving i... |
1166 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afro%20Celt%20Sound%20System | Afro Celt Sound System | Afro Celt Sound System is a British musical group who fuse electronic music with traditional Gaelic and West African music. Afro Celt Sound System was formed in 1995 by producer-guitarist Simon Emmerson, and feature a wide range of guest artists. In 2003, they temporarily changed their name to Afrocelts before revertin... |
1167 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient%20philosophy | Ancient philosophy | This page lists some links to ancient philosophy, namely philosophical thought extending as far as early post-classical history (c. 600 CE).
Overview
Genuine philosophical thought, depending upon original individual insights, arose in many cultures roughly contemporaneously. Karl Jaspers termed the intense period of p... |
1168 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anaximander | Anaximander | Anaximander (; Anaximandros; ) was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher who lived in Miletus, a city of Ionia (in modern-day Turkey). He belonged to the Milesian school and learned the teachings of his master Thales. He succeeded Thales and became the second master of that school where he counted Anaximenes and, arguably,... |
1169 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/APL | APL | APL is an abbreviation, acronym, or initialism that may refer to:
Organizations
APL (shipping company), a Singapore-based container and shipping company
Aden Protectorate Levies, a militia force for local defense of the Aden Protectorate
Advanced Production and Loading, a Norwegian marine engineering company formed in... |
1170 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architect | Architect | An architect is a person who plans, designs and oversees the construction of buildings. To practice architecture means to provide services in connection with the design of buildings and the space within the site surrounding the buildings that have human occupancy or use as their principal purpose. Etymologically, the t... |
1171 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbreviation | Abbreviation | An abbreviation (from Latin brevis, meaning short) is a shortened form of a word or phrase, by any method. It may consist of a group of letters or words taken from the full version of the word or phrase; for example, the word abbreviation can itself be represented by the abbreviation abbr., abbrv., or abbrev.; NPO, for... |
1174 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aphrodite | Aphrodite | Aphrodite ( ; ; , , ) is an ancient Greek goddess associated with love, lust, beauty, pleasure, passion and procreation. She was syncretized with the Roman goddess . Aphrodite's major symbols include myrtles, roses, doves, sparrows, and swans. The cult of Aphrodite was largely derived from that of the Phoenician goddes... |
1175 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April%201 | April 1 | It is the first day of the second quarter of the year, and the midway point of the first half of the year. In leap years, the second quarter of the year begins at noon on this day.
Events
Pre-1600
33 – According to one historian's account, Jesus Christ's Last Supper is held.
527 – Byzantine Emperor Justin I names hi... |
1176 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antisymmetric%20relation | Antisymmetric relation | In mathematics, a binary relation on a set is antisymmetric if there is no pair of distinct elements of each of which is related by to the other. More formally, is antisymmetric precisely if for all
or equivalently,
The definition of antisymmetry says nothing about whether actually holds or not for any . An an... |
1177 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleister%20Crowley | Aleister Crowley | Aleister Crowley (; born Edward Alexander Crowley; 12 October 1875 – 1 December 1947) was an English occultist, ceremonial magician, poet, painter, novelist, and mountaineer. He founded the religion of Thelema, identifying himself as the prophet entrusted with guiding humanity into the Æon of Horus in the early 20th ce... |
1178 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afterlife | Afterlife | The afterlife (also referred to as life after death or the world to come) is a purported existence in which the essential part of an individual's identity or their stream of consciousness continues to live after the death of their physical body. According to various ideas about the afterlife, the essential aspect of th... |
1181 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrometry | Astrometry | Astrometry is a branch of astronomy that involves precise measurements of the positions and movements of stars and other celestial bodies. It provides the kinematics and physical origin of the Solar System and our galaxy, the Milky Way.
History
The history of astrometry is linked to the history of star catalogues, wh... |
1182 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athena | Athena | Athena or Athene, often given the epithet Pallas, is an ancient Greek goddess associated with wisdom, handicraft, and warfare who was later syncretized with the Roman goddess Minerva. Athena was regarded as the patron and protectress of various cities across Greece, particularly the city of Athens, from which she most ... |
1183 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amber%20Diceless%20Roleplaying%20Game | Amber Diceless Roleplaying Game | The Amber Diceless Roleplaying Game is a role-playing game created and written by Erick Wujcik, set in the fictional universe created by author Roger Zelazny for his Chronicles of Amber. The game is unusual in that no dice are used in resolving conflicts or player actions; instead a simple diceless system of comparativ... |
1184 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athene%20%28disambiguation%29 | Athene (disambiguation) | Athene or Athena is the shrewd companion of heroes and the goddess of heroic endeavour in Greek mythology.
Athene may also refer to:
881 Athene, a main-belt asteroid
Athene (bird), a genus of small owls
Athene (Cynuria), a town in ancient Cynuria, Greece
Athene Glacier, a glacier in Antarctica
HMS Athene, an aircraft ... |
1187 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alloy | Alloy | An alloy is a mixture of chemical elements of which at least one is a metal. Unlike chemical compounds with metallic bases, an alloy will retain all the properties of a metal in the resulting material, such as electrical conductivity, ductility, opacity, and luster, but may have properties that differ from those of the... |
1192 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artistic%20revolution | Artistic revolution | Throughout history, forms of art have gone through periodic abrupt changes called artistic revolutions. Movements have come to an end to be replaced by a new movement markedly different in striking ways. See also cultural movements.
Scientific and technological
Not all artistic revolutions were political. Sometime... |
1193 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agrarianism | Agrarianism | Agrarianism is a political and social philosophy that has promoted subsistence agriculture, smallholdings, egalitarianism, with agrarian political parties normally supporting the rights and sustainability of small farmers and poor peasants against the wealthy in society. In highly developed and industrial nations or re... |
1194 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic | Atomic | Atomic may refer to:
Of or relating to the atom, the smallest particle of a chemical element that retains its chemical properties
Atomic physics, the study of the atom
Atomic Age, also known as the "Atomic Era"
Atomic scale, distances comparable to the dimensions of an atom
Atom (order theory), in mathematics
At... |
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