gem_id stringlengths 20 25 | id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringlengths 3 59 | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 1 270 | target stringlengths 1 270 | references list | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gem-squad_v2-train-116300 | 573403a24776f419006616f3 | Punjab,_Pakistan | The fairs held at the shrines of Sufi saints are called urs. They generally mark the death anniversary of the saint. On these occasions devotees assemble in large numbers and pay homage to the memory of the saint. Soul inspiring music is played and devotees dance in ecstasy. The music on these occasions is essentially ... | Where is Zakria's shrine? | Where is Zakria's shrine? | [
"Where is Zakria's shrine?"
] | {
"text": [
"Multan"
],
"answer_start": [
643
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116301 | 5a690e918476ee001a58aa5e | Punjab,_Pakistan | The fairs held at the shrines of Sufi saints are called urs. They generally mark the death anniversary of the saint. On these occasions devotees assemble in large numbers and pay homage to the memory of the saint. Soul inspiring music is played and devotees dance in ecstasy. The music on these occasions is essentially ... | What are Sufi saints called? | What are Sufi saints called? | [
"What are Sufi saints called?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116302 | 5a690e918476ee001a58aa5f | Punjab,_Pakistan | The fairs held at the shrines of Sufi saints are called urs. They generally mark the death anniversary of the saint. On these occasions devotees assemble in large numbers and pay homage to the memory of the saint. Soul inspiring music is played and devotees dance in ecstasy. The music on these occasions is essentially ... | Where do devotees come from? | Where do devotees come from? | [
"Where do devotees come from?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116303 | 5a690e918476ee001a58aa60 | Punjab,_Pakistan | The fairs held at the shrines of Sufi saints are called urs. They generally mark the death anniversary of the saint. On these occasions devotees assemble in large numbers and pay homage to the memory of the saint. Soul inspiring music is played and devotees dance in ecstasy. The music on these occasions is essentially ... | What do the saints do at an urs? | What do the saints do at an urs? | [
"What do the saints do at an urs?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116304 | 5a690e918476ee001a58aa61 | Punjab,_Pakistan | The fairs held at the shrines of Sufi saints are called urs. They generally mark the death anniversary of the saint. On these occasions devotees assemble in large numbers and pay homage to the memory of the saint. Soul inspiring music is played and devotees dance in ecstasy. The music on these occasions is essentially ... | Who created the mystic messages? | Who created the mystic messages? | [
"Who created the mystic messages?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116305 | 5a690e918476ee001a58aa62 | Punjab,_Pakistan | The fairs held at the shrines of Sufi saints are called urs. They generally mark the death anniversary of the saint. On these occasions devotees assemble in large numbers and pay homage to the memory of the saint. Soul inspiring music is played and devotees dance in ecstasy. The music on these occasions is essentially ... | Who started the urs? | Who started the urs? | [
"Who started the urs?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116306 | 5734044cd058e614000b67bd | Punjab,_Pakistan | Exhibitions and annual horse shows in all districts and a national horse and cattle show at Lahore are held with the official patronage. The national horse and cattle show at Lahore is the biggest festival where sports, exhibitions, and livestock competitions are held. It not only encourages and patronises agricultural... | What is Punjab's biggest festival? | What is Punjab's biggest festival? | [
"What is Punjab's biggest festival?"
] | {
"text": [
"The national horse and cattle show"
],
"answer_start": [
137
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116307 | 5734044cd058e614000b67be | Punjab,_Pakistan | Exhibitions and annual horse shows in all districts and a national horse and cattle show at Lahore are held with the official patronage. The national horse and cattle show at Lahore is the biggest festival where sports, exhibitions, and livestock competitions are held. It not only encourages and patronises agricultural... | Where is the national horse and cattle show held? | Where is the national horse and cattle show held? | [
"Where is the national horse and cattle show held?"
] | {
"text": [
"Lahore"
],
"answer_start": [
175
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116308 | 5734044cd058e614000b67bf | Punjab,_Pakistan | Exhibitions and annual horse shows in all districts and a national horse and cattle show at Lahore are held with the official patronage. The national horse and cattle show at Lahore is the biggest festival where sports, exhibitions, and livestock competitions are held. It not only encourages and patronises agricultural... | What happens at the national horse and cattle show? | What happens at the national horse and cattle show? | [
"What happens at the national horse and cattle show?"
] | {
"text": [
"sports, exhibitions, and livestock competitions"
],
"answer_start": [
212
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116309 | 5a6911a38476ee001a58aa68 | Punjab,_Pakistan | Exhibitions and annual horse shows in all districts and a national horse and cattle show at Lahore are held with the official patronage. The national horse and cattle show at Lahore is the biggest festival where sports, exhibitions, and livestock competitions are held. It not only encourages and patronises agricultural... | Which district does not have exhibitions? | Which district does not have exhibitions? | [
"Which district does not have exhibitions?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116310 | 5a6911a38476ee001a58aa69 | Punjab,_Pakistan | Exhibitions and annual horse shows in all districts and a national horse and cattle show at Lahore are held with the official patronage. The national horse and cattle show at Lahore is the biggest festival where sports, exhibitions, and livestock competitions are held. It not only encourages and patronises agricultural... | The biggest festival does not have what kind of competition? | The biggest festival does not have what kind of competition? | [
"The biggest festival does not have what kind of competition?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116311 | 5a6911a38476ee001a58aa6a | Punjab,_Pakistan | Exhibitions and annual horse shows in all districts and a national horse and cattle show at Lahore are held with the official patronage. The national horse and cattle show at Lahore is the biggest festival where sports, exhibitions, and livestock competitions are held. It not only encourages and patronises agricultural... | Which festival is damaging the province's rural roots? | Which festival is damaging the province's rural roots? | [
"Which festival is damaging the province's rural roots?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116312 | 5a6911a38476ee001a58aa6b | Punjab,_Pakistan | Exhibitions and annual horse shows in all districts and a national horse and cattle show at Lahore are held with the official patronage. The national horse and cattle show at Lahore is the biggest festival where sports, exhibitions, and livestock competitions are held. It not only encourages and patronises agricultural... | What does the Lahore festival discourage? | What does the Lahore festival discourage? | [
"What does the Lahore festival discourage?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116313 | 57340526d058e614000b67d3 | Punjab,_Pakistan | The province is home to several historical sites, including the Shalimar Gardens, the Lahore Fort, the Badshahi Mosque, the Rohtas Fort and the ruins of the ancient city of Harrapa. The Anarkali Market and Jahangir's Tomb are prominent in the city of Lahore as is the Lahore Museum, while the ancient city of Taxila in t... | What famous tomb is in Lahore? | What famous tomb is in Lahore? | [
"What famous tomb is in Lahore?"
] | {
"text": [
"Jahangir's Tomb"
],
"answer_start": [
206
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116314 | 57340526d058e614000b67d4 | Punjab,_Pakistan | The province is home to several historical sites, including the Shalimar Gardens, the Lahore Fort, the Badshahi Mosque, the Rohtas Fort and the ruins of the ancient city of Harrapa. The Anarkali Market and Jahangir's Tomb are prominent in the city of Lahore as is the Lahore Museum, while the ancient city of Taxila in t... | Where was Nanak born? | Where was Nanak born? | [
"Where was Nanak born?"
] | {
"text": [
"Nankana Sahib"
],
"answer_start": [
507
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116315 | 57340526d058e614000b67d5 | Punjab,_Pakistan | The province is home to several historical sites, including the Shalimar Gardens, the Lahore Fort, the Badshahi Mosque, the Rohtas Fort and the ruins of the ancient city of Harrapa. The Anarkali Market and Jahangir's Tomb are prominent in the city of Lahore as is the Lahore Museum, while the ancient city of Taxila in t... | Who was the first Sikh Guru? | Who was the first Sikh Guru? | [
"Who was the first Sikh Guru?"
] | {
"text": [
"Guru Nanak"
],
"answer_start": [
486
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116316 | 57340526d058e614000b67d6 | Punjab,_Pakistan | The province is home to several historical sites, including the Shalimar Gardens, the Lahore Fort, the Badshahi Mosque, the Rohtas Fort and the ruins of the ancient city of Harrapa. The Anarkali Market and Jahangir's Tomb are prominent in the city of Lahore as is the Lahore Museum, while the ancient city of Taxila in t... | What famous hill stations are in Punjab? | What famous hill stations are in Punjab? | [
"What famous hill stations are in Punjab?"
] | {
"text": [
"Murree, Bhurban, Patriata and Fort Munro"
],
"answer_start": [
571
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116317 | 57340526d058e614000b67d7 | Punjab,_Pakistan | The province is home to several historical sites, including the Shalimar Gardens, the Lahore Fort, the Badshahi Mosque, the Rohtas Fort and the ruins of the ancient city of Harrapa. The Anarkali Market and Jahangir's Tomb are prominent in the city of Lahore as is the Lahore Museum, while the ancient city of Taxila in t... | What famous mosque is in Punjab? | What famous mosque is in Punjab? | [
"What famous mosque is in Punjab?"
] | {
"text": [
"Badshahi Mosque"
],
"answer_start": [
103
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116318 | 5a6912ae8476ee001a58aa70 | Punjab,_Pakistan | The province is home to several historical sites, including the Shalimar Gardens, the Lahore Fort, the Badshahi Mosque, the Rohtas Fort and the ruins of the ancient city of Harrapa. The Anarkali Market and Jahangir's Tomb are prominent in the city of Lahore as is the Lahore Museum, while the ancient city of Taxila in t... | Where are Jahangir's Gardens? | Where are Jahangir's Gardens? | [
"Where are Jahangir's Gardens?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116319 | 5a6912ae8476ee001a58aa71 | Punjab,_Pakistan | The province is home to several historical sites, including the Shalimar Gardens, the Lahore Fort, the Badshahi Mosque, the Rohtas Fort and the ruins of the ancient city of Harrapa. The Anarkali Market and Jahangir's Tomb are prominent in the city of Lahore as is the Lahore Museum, while the ancient city of Taxila in t... | Which city houses the Sihk shrines? | Which city houses the Sihk shrines? | [
"Which city houses the Sihk shrines?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116320 | 5a6912ae8476ee001a58aa72 | Punjab,_Pakistan | The province is home to several historical sites, including the Shalimar Gardens, the Lahore Fort, the Badshahi Mosque, the Rohtas Fort and the ruins of the ancient city of Harrapa. The Anarkali Market and Jahangir's Tomb are prominent in the city of Lahore as is the Lahore Museum, while the ancient city of Taxila in t... | Taxila has become a major centre of what in the modern age? | Taxila has become a major centre of what in the modern age? | [
"Taxila has become a major centre of what in the modern age?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116321 | 5a6912ae8476ee001a58aa73 | Punjab,_Pakistan | The province is home to several historical sites, including the Shalimar Gardens, the Lahore Fort, the Badshahi Mosque, the Rohtas Fort and the ruins of the ancient city of Harrapa. The Anarkali Market and Jahangir's Tomb are prominent in the city of Lahore as is the Lahore Museum, while the ancient city of Taxila in t... | What city is the Murree hill nearby? | What city is the Murree hill nearby? | [
"What city is the Murree hill nearby?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116322 | 5a6912ae8476ee001a58aa74 | Punjab,_Pakistan | The province is home to several historical sites, including the Shalimar Gardens, the Lahore Fort, the Badshahi Mosque, the Rohtas Fort and the ruins of the ancient city of Harrapa. The Anarkali Market and Jahangir's Tomb are prominent in the city of Lahore as is the Lahore Museum, while the ancient city of Taxila in t... | Who was born in Harrapa? | Who was born in Harrapa? | [
"Who was born in Harrapa?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116323 | 573405aa4776f41900661717 | Punjab,_Pakistan | Among the Punjabi poets, the names of Sultan Bahu, Bulleh Shah, Mian Muhammad Baksh, and Waris Shah and folk singers like Inayat Hussain Bhatti and Tufail Niazi, Alam Lohar, Sain Marna, Mansoor Malangi, Allah Ditta Lona wala, Talib Hussain Dard, Attaullah Khan Essa Khailwi, Gamoo Tahliwala, Mamzoo Gha-lla, Akbar Jat, A... | Who are some well-known Punjab poets? | Who are some well-known Punjab poets? | [
"Who are some well-known Punjab poets?"
] | {
"text": [
"Sultan Bahu, Bulleh Shah, Mian Muhammad Baksh, and Waris Shah"
],
"answer_start": [
38
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116324 | 573405aa4776f41900661718 | Punjab,_Pakistan | Among the Punjabi poets, the names of Sultan Bahu, Bulleh Shah, Mian Muhammad Baksh, and Waris Shah and folk singers like Inayat Hussain Bhatti and Tufail Niazi, Alam Lohar, Sain Marna, Mansoor Malangi, Allah Ditta Lona wala, Talib Hussain Dard, Attaullah Khan Essa Khailwi, Gamoo Tahliwala, Mamzoo Gha-lla, Akbar Jat, A... | What is Allah Ditta Lona Wala's career? | What is Allah Ditta Lona Wala's career? | [
"What is Allah Ditta Lona Wala's career?"
] | {
"text": [
"folk singers"
],
"answer_start": [
104
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116325 | 573405aa4776f41900661719 | Punjab,_Pakistan | Among the Punjabi poets, the names of Sultan Bahu, Bulleh Shah, Mian Muhammad Baksh, and Waris Shah and folk singers like Inayat Hussain Bhatti and Tufail Niazi, Alam Lohar, Sain Marna, Mansoor Malangi, Allah Ditta Lona wala, Talib Hussain Dard, Attaullah Khan Essa Khailwi, Gamoo Tahliwala, Mamzoo Gha-lla, Akbar Jat, A... | Who is the 'Queen of Music'? | Who is the 'Queen of Music'? | [
"Who is the 'Queen of Music'?"
] | {
"text": [
"Malika-i-Mauseequi"
],
"answer_start": [
450
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116326 | 573405aa4776f4190066171a | Punjab,_Pakistan | Among the Punjabi poets, the names of Sultan Bahu, Bulleh Shah, Mian Muhammad Baksh, and Waris Shah and folk singers like Inayat Hussain Bhatti and Tufail Niazi, Alam Lohar, Sain Marna, Mansoor Malangi, Allah Ditta Lona wala, Talib Hussain Dard, Attaullah Khan Essa Khailwi, Gamoo Tahliwala, Mamzoo Gha-lla, Akbar Jat, A... | When was Alam Lohar an important Punjabi folk singer? | When was Alam Lohar an important Punjabi folk singer? | [
"When was Alam Lohar an important Punjabi folk singer?"
] | {
"text": [
"from 1930 until 1979"
],
"answer_start": [
700
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116327 | 5a6913cb8476ee001a58aa7a | Punjab,_Pakistan | Among the Punjabi poets, the names of Sultan Bahu, Bulleh Shah, Mian Muhammad Baksh, and Waris Shah and folk singers like Inayat Hussain Bhatti and Tufail Niazi, Alam Lohar, Sain Marna, Mansoor Malangi, Allah Ditta Lona wala, Talib Hussain Dard, Attaullah Khan Essa Khailwi, Gamoo Tahliwala, Mamzoo Gha-lla, Akbar Jat, A... | When was Sultan Bahu popular? | When was Sultan Bahu popular? | [
"When was Sultan Bahu popular?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116328 | 5a6913cb8476ee001a58aa7b | Punjab,_Pakistan | Among the Punjabi poets, the names of Sultan Bahu, Bulleh Shah, Mian Muhammad Baksh, and Waris Shah and folk singers like Inayat Hussain Bhatti and Tufail Niazi, Alam Lohar, Sain Marna, Mansoor Malangi, Allah Ditta Lona wala, Talib Hussain Dard, Attaullah Khan Essa Khailwi, Gamoo Tahliwala, Mamzoo Gha-lla, Akbar Jat, A... | What was Ustad Amanat Ali Khan's nickname? | What was Ustad Amanat Ali Khan's nickname? | [
"What was Ustad Amanat Ali Khan's nickname?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116329 | 5a6913cb8476ee001a58aa7c | Punjab,_Pakistan | Among the Punjabi poets, the names of Sultan Bahu, Bulleh Shah, Mian Muhammad Baksh, and Waris Shah and folk singers like Inayat Hussain Bhatti and Tufail Niazi, Alam Lohar, Sain Marna, Mansoor Malangi, Allah Ditta Lona wala, Talib Hussain Dard, Attaullah Khan Essa Khailwi, Gamoo Tahliwala, Mamzoo Gha-lla, Akbar Jat, A... | What poet was most prolific during 1930 to 1979? | What poet was most prolific during 1930 to 1979? | [
"What poet was most prolific during 1930 to 1979?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116330 | 5a6913cb8476ee001a58aa7d | Punjab,_Pakistan | Among the Punjabi poets, the names of Sultan Bahu, Bulleh Shah, Mian Muhammad Baksh, and Waris Shah and folk singers like Inayat Hussain Bhatti and Tufail Niazi, Alam Lohar, Sain Marna, Mansoor Malangi, Allah Ditta Lona wala, Talib Hussain Dard, Attaullah Khan Essa Khailwi, Gamoo Tahliwala, Mamzoo Gha-lla, Akbar Jat, A... | When was Alam Lohar born? | When was Alam Lohar born? | [
"When was Alam Lohar born?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116331 | 5a6913cb8476ee001a58aa7e | Punjab,_Pakistan | Among the Punjabi poets, the names of Sultan Bahu, Bulleh Shah, Mian Muhammad Baksh, and Waris Shah and folk singers like Inayat Hussain Bhatti and Tufail Niazi, Alam Lohar, Sain Marna, Mansoor Malangi, Allah Ditta Lona wala, Talib Hussain Dard, Attaullah Khan Essa Khailwi, Gamoo Tahliwala, Mamzoo Gha-lla, Akbar Jat, A... | Folk singers created classical whats? | Folk singers created classical whats? | [
"Folk singers created classical whats?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116332 | 57340645d058e614000b67f7 | Punjab,_Pakistan | For the popular taste however, light music, particularly Ghazals and folk songs, which have an appeal of their own, the names of Mehdi Hassan, Ghulam Ali, Nur Jehan, Malika Pukhraj, Farida Khanum, Roshen Ara Begum, and Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan are well-known. Folk songs and dances of the Punjab reflect a wide range of moo... | What kind of music does Malika Pukhraj perform? | What kind of music does Malika Pukhraj perform? | [
"What kind of music does Malika Pukhraj perform?"
] | {
"text": [
"Ghazals and folk songs"
],
"answer_start": [
57
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116333 | 57340645d058e614000b67f8 | Punjab,_Pakistan | For the popular taste however, light music, particularly Ghazals and folk songs, which have an appeal of their own, the names of Mehdi Hassan, Ghulam Ali, Nur Jehan, Malika Pukhraj, Farida Khanum, Roshen Ara Begum, and Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan are well-known. Folk songs and dances of the Punjab reflect a wide range of moo... | What do Punjab folk songs often reflect? | What do Punjab folk songs often reflect? | [
"What do Punjab folk songs often reflect?"
] | {
"text": [
"the rains, sowing and harvesting seasons"
],
"answer_start": [
324
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116334 | 57340645d058e614000b67f9 | Punjab,_Pakistan | For the popular taste however, light music, particularly Ghazals and folk songs, which have an appeal of their own, the names of Mehdi Hassan, Ghulam Ali, Nur Jehan, Malika Pukhraj, Farida Khanum, Roshen Ara Begum, and Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan are well-known. Folk songs and dances of the Punjab reflect a wide range of moo... | Who sings about the joy of living? | Who sings about the joy of living? | [
"Who sings about the joy of living?"
] | {
"text": [
"Luddi, Bhangra and Sammi"
],
"answer_start": [
366
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116335 | 57340645d058e614000b67fa | Punjab,_Pakistan | For the popular taste however, light music, particularly Ghazals and folk songs, which have an appeal of their own, the names of Mehdi Hassan, Ghulam Ali, Nur Jehan, Malika Pukhraj, Farida Khanum, Roshen Ara Begum, and Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan are well-known. Folk songs and dances of the Punjab reflect a wide range of moo... | What does Heer Ranjha sing about? | What does Heer Ranjha sing about? | [
"What does Heer Ranjha sing about?"
] | {
"text": [
"Love"
],
"answer_start": [
417
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116336 | 57340645d058e614000b67fb | Punjab,_Pakistan | For the popular taste however, light music, particularly Ghazals and folk songs, which have an appeal of their own, the names of Mehdi Hassan, Ghulam Ali, Nur Jehan, Malika Pukhraj, Farida Khanum, Roshen Ara Begum, and Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan are well-known. Folk songs and dances of the Punjab reflect a wide range of moo... | What kind of music does Roshen Ara Begum perform? | What kind of music does Roshen Ara Begum perform? | [
"What kind of music does Roshen Ara Begum perform?"
] | {
"text": [
"Ghazals and folk songs"
],
"answer_start": [
57
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116337 | 5a69154f8476ee001a58aa8e | Punjab,_Pakistan | For the popular taste however, light music, particularly Ghazals and folk songs, which have an appeal of their own, the names of Mehdi Hassan, Ghulam Ali, Nur Jehan, Malika Pukhraj, Farida Khanum, Roshen Ara Begum, and Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan are well-known. Folk songs and dances of the Punjab reflect a wide range of moo... | What is the name of the singer that sings songs representing the rains? | What is the name of the singer that sings songs representing the rains? | [
"What is the name of the singer that sings songs representing the rains?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116338 | 5a69154f8476ee001a58aa8f | Punjab,_Pakistan | For the popular taste however, light music, particularly Ghazals and folk songs, which have an appeal of their own, the names of Mehdi Hassan, Ghulam Ali, Nur Jehan, Malika Pukhraj, Farida Khanum, Roshen Ara Begum, and Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan are well-known. Folk songs and dances of the Punjab reflect a wide range of moo... | Who wrote songs after the style of Sammi? | Who wrote songs after the style of Sammi? | [
"Who wrote songs after the style of Sammi?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116339 | 5a69154f8476ee001a58aa90 | Punjab,_Pakistan | For the popular taste however, light music, particularly Ghazals and folk songs, which have an appeal of their own, the names of Mehdi Hassan, Ghulam Ali, Nur Jehan, Malika Pukhraj, Farida Khanum, Roshen Ara Begum, and Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan are well-known. Folk songs and dances of the Punjab reflect a wide range of moo... | What type of songs are limited to a set number of moods? | What type of songs are limited to a set number of moods? | [
"What type of songs are limited to a set number of moods?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116340 | 5a69154f8476ee001a58aa91 | Punjab,_Pakistan | For the popular taste however, light music, particularly Ghazals and folk songs, which have an appeal of their own, the names of Mehdi Hassan, Ghulam Ali, Nur Jehan, Malika Pukhraj, Farida Khanum, Roshen Ara Begum, and Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan are well-known. Folk songs and dances of the Punjab reflect a wide range of moo... | What tends to be less popular with the people? | What tends to be less popular with the people? | [
"What tends to be less popular with the people?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116341 | 5a69154f8476ee001a58aa92 | Punjab,_Pakistan | For the popular taste however, light music, particularly Ghazals and folk songs, which have an appeal of their own, the names of Mehdi Hassan, Ghulam Ali, Nur Jehan, Malika Pukhraj, Farida Khanum, Roshen Ara Begum, and Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan are well-known. Folk songs and dances of the Punjab reflect a wide range of moo... | What songs use the same styling? | What songs use the same styling? | [
"What songs use the same styling?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116342 | 5706ec1e90286e26004fc73f | Letter_case | The terms upper case and lower case can be written as two consecutive words, connected with a hyphen (upper-case and lower-case), or as a single word (uppercase and lowercase). These terms originated from the common layouts of the shallow drawers called type cases used to hold the movable type for letterpress printing.... | The terms uppercase and lowercase originated from the common layout which type of drawers? | The terms uppercase and lowercase originated from the common layout which type of drawers? | [
"The terms uppercase and lowercase originated from the common layout which type of drawers?"
] | {
"text": [
"shallow"
],
"answer_start": [
231
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116343 | 5706ec1e90286e26004fc740 | Letter_case | The terms upper case and lower case can be written as two consecutive words, connected with a hyphen (upper-case and lower-case), or as a single word (uppercase and lowercase). These terms originated from the common layouts of the shallow drawers called type cases used to hold the movable type for letterpress printing.... | Besides being a single word or two separate words, how can the words uppercase and lowercase be expressed? | Besides being a single word or two separate words, how can the words uppercase and lowercase be expressed? | [
"Besides being a single word or two separate words, how can the words uppercase and lowercase be expressed?"
] | {
"text": [
"hyphen"
],
"answer_start": [
94
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116344 | 5706ec1e90286e26004fc741 | Letter_case | The terms upper case and lower case can be written as two consecutive words, connected with a hyphen (upper-case and lower-case), or as a single word (uppercase and lowercase). These terms originated from the common layouts of the shallow drawers called type cases used to hold the movable type for letterpress printing.... | In relation to the shelf the small letters were located, where were the capital letters? | In relation to the shelf the small letters were located, where were the capital letters? | [
"In relation to the shelf the small letters were located, where were the capital letters?"
] | {
"text": [
"located above"
],
"answer_start": [
396
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116345 | 5706ec1e90286e26004fc742 | Letter_case | The terms upper case and lower case can be written as two consecutive words, connected with a hyphen (upper-case and lower-case), or as a single word (uppercase and lowercase). These terms originated from the common layouts of the shallow drawers called type cases used to hold the movable type for letterpress printing.... | Which characteristic of capital letters made it easy to remember. | Which characteristic of capital letters made it easy to remember. | [
"Which characteristic of capital letters made it easy to remember."
] | {
"text": [
"taller"
],
"answer_start": [
511
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116346 | 5706ee379e06ca38007e921b | Letter_case | The convention followed by many British publishers (including scientific publishers, like Nature, magazines, like The Economist and New Scientist, and newspapers, like The Guardian and The Times) and U.S. newspapers is to use sentence-style capitalisation in headlines, where capitalisation follows the same rules that a... | What is the basis of capitalization standards for the sentence-style capitalization? | What is the basis of capitalization standards for the sentence-style capitalization? | [
"What is the basis of capitalization standards for the sentence-style capitalization?"
] | {
"text": [
"sentences"
],
"answer_start": [
329
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116347 | 5706ee379e06ca38007e921c | Letter_case | The convention followed by many British publishers (including scientific publishers, like Nature, magazines, like The Economist and New Scientist, and newspapers, like The Guardian and The Times) and U.S. newspapers is to use sentence-style capitalisation in headlines, where capitalisation follows the same rules that a... | What is the popular capitalization structure and standard used by many British publishers and U.S. newspapers? | What is the popular capitalization structure and standard used by many British publishers and U.S. newspapers? | [
"What is the popular capitalization structure and standard used by many British publishers and U.S. newspapers?"
] | {
"text": [
"sentence-style"
],
"answer_start": [
226
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116348 | 5706ee379e06ca38007e921d | Letter_case | The convention followed by many British publishers (including scientific publishers, like Nature, magazines, like The Economist and New Scientist, and newspapers, like The Guardian and The Times) and U.S. newspapers is to use sentence-style capitalisation in headlines, where capitalisation follows the same rules that a... | What is an alternative name for sentence-style capitalization? | What is an alternative name for sentence-style capitalization? | [
"What is an alternative name for sentence-style capitalization?"
] | {
"text": [
"sentence case"
],
"answer_start": [
374
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116349 | 5706ee379e06ca38007e921e | Letter_case | The convention followed by many British publishers (including scientific publishers, like Nature, magazines, like The Economist and New Scientist, and newspapers, like The Guardian and The Times) and U.S. newspapers is to use sentence-style capitalisation in headlines, where capitalisation follows the same rules that a... | Which popular global publisher utilizes sentence case for titles and headers? | Which popular global publisher utilizes sentence case for titles and headers? | [
"Which popular global publisher utilizes sentence case for titles and headers?"
] | {
"text": [
"International Organization for Standardization"
],
"answer_start": [
620
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116350 | 5706ee379e06ca38007e921f | Letter_case | The convention followed by many British publishers (including scientific publishers, like Nature, magazines, like The Economist and New Scientist, and newspapers, like The Guardian and The Times) and U.S. newspapers is to use sentence-style capitalisation in headlines, where capitalisation follows the same rules that a... | Besides headlines, what is sentence-style capitalization often applied to? | Besides headlines, what is sentence-style capitalization often applied to? | [
"Besides headlines, what is sentence-style capitalization often applied to?"
] | {
"text": [
"publication titles"
],
"answer_start": [
415
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116351 | 5706ef6c9e06ca38007e9225 | Letter_case | Similar developments have taken place in other alphabets. The lower-case script for the Greek alphabet has its origins in the 7th century and acquired its quadrilinear form in the 8th century. Over time, uncial letter forms were increasingly mixed into the script. The earliest dated Greek lower-case text is the Uspensk... | Which century did the lower-case script for the Greek Alphabet originate? | Which century did the lower-case script for the Greek Alphabet originate? | [
"Which century did the lower-case script for the Greek Alphabet originate?"
] | {
"text": [
"7th"
],
"answer_start": [
126
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116352 | 5706ef6c9e06ca38007e9226 | Letter_case | Similar developments have taken place in other alphabets. The lower-case script for the Greek alphabet has its origins in the 7th century and acquired its quadrilinear form in the 8th century. Over time, uncial letter forms were increasingly mixed into the script. The earliest dated Greek lower-case text is the Uspensk... | Which century did the Greek alphabet acquire its quadrilinear form? | Which century did the Greek alphabet acquire its quadrilinear form? | [
"Which century did the Greek alphabet acquire its quadrilinear form?"
] | {
"text": [
"8th"
],
"answer_start": [
180
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116353 | 5706ef6c9e06ca38007e9227 | Letter_case | Similar developments have taken place in other alphabets. The lower-case script for the Greek alphabet has its origins in the 7th century and acquired its quadrilinear form in the 8th century. Over time, uncial letter forms were increasingly mixed into the script. The earliest dated Greek lower-case text is the Uspensk... | Overtime which type of letter forms were mixed increasingly into the Greek language script? | Overtime which type of letter forms were mixed increasingly into the Greek language script? | [
"Overtime which type of letter forms were mixed increasingly into the Greek language script?"
] | {
"text": [
"uncial"
],
"answer_start": [
204
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116354 | 5706ef6c9e06ca38007e9228 | Letter_case | Similar developments have taken place in other alphabets. The lower-case script for the Greek alphabet has its origins in the 7th century and acquired its quadrilinear form in the 8th century. Over time, uncial letter forms were increasingly mixed into the script. The earliest dated Greek lower-case text is the Uspensk... | Which year is the earliest dated Greek lower-case text? | Which year is the earliest dated Greek lower-case text? | [
"Which year is the earliest dated Greek lower-case text?"
] | {
"text": [
"835"
],
"answer_start": [
351
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116355 | 5706ef6c9e06ca38007e9229 | Letter_case | Similar developments have taken place in other alphabets. The lower-case script for the Greek alphabet has its origins in the 7th century and acquired its quadrilinear form in the 8th century. Over time, uncial letter forms were increasingly mixed into the script. The earliest dated Greek lower-case text is the Uspensk... | In which literature is the earliest dated Greek lower-case text? | In which literature is the earliest dated Greek lower-case text? | [
"In which literature is the earliest dated Greek lower-case text?"
] | {
"text": [
"Uspenski Gospels"
],
"answer_start": [
313
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116356 | 5706f38e9e06ca38007e9239 | Letter_case | In orthography and typography, letter case (or just case) is the distinction between the letters that are in larger upper case (also capital letters, capitals, caps, large letters, or more formally majuscule, see Terminology) and smaller lower case (also small letters, or more formally minuscule, see Terminology) in th... | In orthography and typography, what is the distinction between the letters that are in larger upper case and lower upper case | In orthography and typography, what is the distinction between the letters that are in larger upper case and lower upper case | [
"In orthography and typography, what is the distinction between the letters that are in larger upper case and lower upper case"
] | {
"text": [
"letter case"
],
"answer_start": [
31
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116357 | 5706f38e9e06ca38007e923a | Letter_case | In orthography and typography, letter case (or just case) is the distinction between the letters that are in larger upper case (also capital letters, capitals, caps, large letters, or more formally majuscule, see Terminology) and smaller lower case (also small letters, or more formally minuscule, see Terminology) in th... | Minuscule is a term uses to describe which case of letter? | Minuscule is a term uses to describe which case of letter? | [
"Minuscule is a term uses to describe which case of letter?"
] | {
"text": [
"smaller lower"
],
"answer_start": [
230
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116358 | 5706f38e9e06ca38007e923b | Letter_case | In orthography and typography, letter case (or just case) is the distinction between the letters that are in larger upper case (also capital letters, capitals, caps, large letters, or more formally majuscule, see Terminology) and smaller lower case (also small letters, or more formally minuscule, see Terminology) in th... | Capital letters refer to which case of letter? | Capital letters refer to which case of letter? | [
"Capital letters refer to which case of letter?"
] | {
"text": [
"larger upper"
],
"answer_start": [
109
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116359 | 5706f38e9e06ca38007e923c | Letter_case | In orthography and typography, letter case (or just case) is the distinction between the letters that are in larger upper case (also capital letters, capitals, caps, large letters, or more formally majuscule, see Terminology) and smaller lower case (also small letters, or more formally minuscule, see Terminology) in th... | Letter case is used to distinction betweem lowercase and uppercase letter in which common representation of certain languages? | Letter case is used to distinction betweem lowercase and uppercase letter in which common representation of certain languages? | [
"Letter case is used to distinction betweem lowercase and uppercase letter in which common representation of certain languages?"
] | {
"text": [
"written"
],
"answer_start": [
322
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116360 | 5706f5309e06ca38007e9249 | Letter_case | Capitalisation in English, in terms of the general orthographic rules independent of context (e.g. title vs. heading vs. text), is universally standardized for formal writing. (Informal communication, such as texting, instant messaging or a handwritten sticky note, may not bother, but that is because its users usually ... | Capitalization in English is universally standardized for which type of writing? | Capitalization in English is universally standardized for which type of writing? | [
"Capitalization in English is universally standardized for which type of writing?"
] | {
"text": [
"formal"
],
"answer_start": [
160
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116361 | 5706f5309e06ca38007e924a | Letter_case | Capitalisation in English, in terms of the general orthographic rules independent of context (e.g. title vs. heading vs. text), is universally standardized for formal writing. (Informal communication, such as texting, instant messaging or a handwritten sticky note, may not bother, but that is because its users usually ... | In English the first letter of a sentence is which type of letter? | In English the first letter of a sentence is which type of letter? | [
"In English the first letter of a sentence is which type of letter?"
] | {
"text": [
"capital"
],
"answer_start": [
364
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116362 | 5706f5309e06ca38007e924b | Letter_case | Capitalisation in English, in terms of the general orthographic rules independent of context (e.g. title vs. heading vs. text), is universally standardized for formal writing. (Informal communication, such as texting, instant messaging or a handwritten sticky note, may not bother, but that is because its users usually ... | What is capitalization commonly use to indicate in poetry independent of any grammatical feature? | What is capitalization commonly use to indicate in poetry independent of any grammatical feature? | [
"What is capitalization commonly use to indicate in poetry independent of any grammatical feature?"
] | {
"text": [
"beginning of a line of verse"
],
"answer_start": [
1105
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116363 | 5706f5309e06ca38007e924c | Letter_case | Capitalisation in English, in terms of the general orthographic rules independent of context (e.g. title vs. heading vs. text), is universally standardized for formal writing. (Informal communication, such as texting, instant messaging or a handwritten sticky note, may not bother, but that is because its users usually ... | How is the first letter of a first-person pronoun handled mid sentence in English? | How is the first letter of a first-person pronoun handled mid sentence in English? | [
"How is the first letter of a first-person pronoun handled mid sentence in English?"
] | {
"text": [
"capitalised"
],
"answer_start": [
647
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116364 | 5706f5309e06ca38007e924d | Letter_case | Capitalisation in English, in terms of the general orthographic rules independent of context (e.g. title vs. heading vs. text), is universally standardized for formal writing. (Informal communication, such as texting, instant messaging or a handwritten sticky note, may not bother, but that is because its users usually ... | The interjection "O" has been replaced by which more common and preferred word in English? | The interjection "O" has been replaced by which more common and preferred word in English? | [
"The interjection \"O\" has been replaced by which more common and preferred word in English?"
] | {
"text": [
"oh"
],
"answer_start": [
777
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116365 | 5706f6a790286e26004fc777 | Letter_case | Originally alphabets were written entirely in majuscule letters, spaced between well-defined upper and lower bounds. When written quickly with a pen, these tended to turn into rounder and much simpler forms. It is from these that the first minuscule hands developed, the half-uncials and cursive minuscule, which no long... | Originally alphabets were written entirely in which type of letter? | Originally alphabets were written entirely in which type of letter? | [
"Originally alphabets were written entirely in which type of letter?"
] | {
"text": [
"majuscule"
],
"answer_start": [
46
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116366 | 5706f6a790286e26004fc778 | Letter_case | Originally alphabets were written entirely in majuscule letters, spaced between well-defined upper and lower bounds. When written quickly with a pen, these tended to turn into rounder and much simpler forms. It is from these that the first minuscule hands developed, the half-uncials and cursive minuscule, which no long... | Rounder and simpler forms of letters came from writing quickly with which instrument? | Rounder and simpler forms of letters came from writing quickly with which instrument? | [
"Rounder and simpler forms of letters came from writing quickly with which instrument?"
] | {
"text": [
"pen"
],
"answer_start": [
145
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116367 | 5706f6a790286e26004fc779 | Letter_case | Originally alphabets were written entirely in majuscule letters, spaced between well-defined upper and lower bounds. When written quickly with a pen, these tended to turn into rounder and much simpler forms. It is from these that the first minuscule hands developed, the half-uncials and cursive minuscule, which no long... | Who developed the Carolingian minuscule script for handwriting? | Who developed the Carolingian minuscule script for handwriting? | [
"Who developed the Carolingian minuscule script for handwriting?"
] | {
"text": [
"Alcuin"
],
"answer_start": [
449
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116368 | 5706f6a790286e26004fc77a | Letter_case | Originally alphabets were written entirely in majuscule letters, spaced between well-defined upper and lower bounds. When written quickly with a pen, these tended to turn into rounder and much simpler forms. It is from these that the first minuscule hands developed, the half-uncials and cursive minuscule, which no long... | Carolingian minuscule script quickly spread across which continent? | Carolingian minuscule script quickly spread across which continent? | [
"Carolingian minuscule script quickly spread across which continent?"
] | {
"text": [
"Europe"
],
"answer_start": [
521
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116369 | 5706f6a790286e26004fc77b | Letter_case | Originally alphabets were written entirely in majuscule letters, spaced between well-defined upper and lower bounds. When written quickly with a pen, these tended to turn into rounder and much simpler forms. It is from these that the first minuscule hands developed, the half-uncials and cursive minuscule, which no long... | What is a common advantage of miniscule over majuscule handwriting? | What is a common advantage of miniscule over majuscule handwriting? | [
"What is a common advantage of miniscule over majuscule handwriting?"
] | {
"text": [
"faster readability"
],
"answer_start": [
589
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116370 | 570700329e06ca38007e9297 | Letter_case | Letter case is often prescribed by the grammar of a language or by the conventions of a particular discipline. In orthography, the uppercase is primarily reserved for special purposes, such as the first letter of a sentence or of a proper noun, which makes the lowercase the more common variant in text. In mathematics, ... | What is often prescribed by the grammar of a language or by conventions of a particular discipline? | What is often prescribed by the grammar of a language or by conventions of a particular discipline? | [
"What is often prescribed by the grammar of a language or by conventions of a particular discipline?"
] | {
"text": [
"Letter case"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116371 | 570700329e06ca38007e9298 | Letter_case | Letter case is often prescribed by the grammar of a language or by the conventions of a particular discipline. In orthography, the uppercase is primarily reserved for special purposes, such as the first letter of a sentence or of a proper noun, which makes the lowercase the more common variant in text. In mathematics, ... | Which kind of purpose is uppercase reserved for in orthography? | Which kind of purpose is uppercase reserved for in orthography? | [
"Which kind of purpose is uppercase reserved for in orthography?"
] | {
"text": [
"special"
],
"answer_start": [
167
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116372 | 570700329e06ca38007e9299 | Letter_case | Letter case is often prescribed by the grammar of a language or by the conventions of a particular discipline. In orthography, the uppercase is primarily reserved for special purposes, such as the first letter of a sentence or of a proper noun, which makes the lowercase the more common variant in text. In mathematics, ... | Which is the most common variant of case in text? | Which is the most common variant of case in text? | [
"Which is the most common variant of case in text?"
] | {
"text": [
"lowercase"
],
"answer_start": [
261
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116373 | 570700329e06ca38007e929a | Letter_case | Letter case is often prescribed by the grammar of a language or by the conventions of a particular discipline. In orthography, the uppercase is primarily reserved for special purposes, such as the first letter of a sentence or of a proper noun, which makes the lowercase the more common variant in text. In mathematics, ... | Engineering design drawings typically utiilze which case of letter in labeling? | Engineering design drawings typically utiilze which case of letter in labeling? | [
"Engineering design drawings typically utiilze which case of letter in labeling?"
] | {
"text": [
"upper-case"
],
"answer_start": [
559
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116374 | 570700329e06ca38007e929b | Letter_case | Letter case is often prescribed by the grammar of a language or by the conventions of a particular discipline. In orthography, the uppercase is primarily reserved for special purposes, such as the first letter of a sentence or of a proper noun, which makes the lowercase the more common variant in text. In mathematics, ... | Why are uppercase letters preferred often times when space is restricted? | Why are uppercase letters preferred often times when space is restricted? | [
"Why are uppercase letters preferred often times when space is restricted?"
] | {
"text": [
"easier to distinguish than lowercase"
],
"answer_start": [
589
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116375 | 570702a89e06ca38007e92a9 | Letter_case | Typographically, the basic difference between the majuscules and minuscules is not that the majuscules are big and minuscules small, but that the majuscules generally have the same height. The height of the minuscules varies, as some of them have parts higher or lower than the average, i.e. ascenders and descenders. In... | Who do majuscules have which distinguish themselves from minuscules? | Who do majuscules have which distinguish themselves from minuscules? | [
"Who do majuscules have which distinguish themselves from minuscules?"
] | {
"text": [
"generally have the same height"
],
"answer_start": [
157
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116376 | 570702a89e06ca38007e92aa | Letter_case | Typographically, the basic difference between the majuscules and minuscules is not that the majuscules are big and minuscules small, but that the majuscules generally have the same height. The height of the minuscules varies, as some of them have parts higher or lower than the average, i.e. ascenders and descenders. In... | In Time New Roman the letter "b" would be consider which type of letter based on whether it is above or below average height? | In Time New Roman the letter "b" would be consider which type of letter based on whether it is above or below average height? | [
"In Time New Roman the letter \"b\" would be consider which type of letter based on whether it is above or below average height?"
] | {
"text": [
"ascenders"
],
"answer_start": [
394
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116377 | 570702a89e06ca38007e92ab | Letter_case | Typographically, the basic difference between the majuscules and minuscules is not that the majuscules are big and minuscules small, but that the majuscules generally have the same height. The height of the minuscules varies, as some of them have parts higher or lower than the average, i.e. ascenders and descenders. In... | Descending letters tend to have a part which falls where relative to the average height of a letter? | Descending letters tend to have a part which falls where relative to the average height of a letter? | [
"Descending letters tend to have a part which falls where relative to the average height of a letter?"
] | {
"text": [
"lower than the average"
],
"answer_start": [
263
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116378 | 570702a89e06ca38007e92ac | Letter_case | Typographically, the basic difference between the majuscules and minuscules is not that the majuscules are big and minuscules small, but that the majuscules generally have the same height. The height of the minuscules varies, as some of them have parts higher or lower than the average, i.e. ascenders and descenders. In... | Besides the number 6, which number makes of the ascender set in some traditional or classical fonts? | Besides the number 6, which number makes of the ascender set in some traditional or classical fonts? | [
"Besides the number 6, which number makes of the ascender set in some traditional or classical fonts?"
] | {
"text": [
"8"
],
"answer_start": [
609
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116379 | 5707044d90286e26004fc7f3 | Letter_case | Most Western languages (particularly those with writing systems based on the Latin, Cyrillic, Greek, Coptic, and Armenian alphabets) use letter cases in their written form as an aid to clarity. Scripts using two separate cases are also called bicameral scripts. Many other writing systems make no distinction between maj... | What do most Western languages use in their written form to add clarity? | What do most Western languages use in their written form to add clarity? | [
"What do most Western languages use in their written form to add clarity?"
] | {
"text": [
"letter cases"
],
"answer_start": [
137
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116380 | 5707044d90286e26004fc7f4 | Letter_case | Most Western languages (particularly those with writing systems based on the Latin, Cyrillic, Greek, Coptic, and Armenian alphabets) use letter cases in their written form as an aid to clarity. Scripts using two separate cases are also called bicameral scripts. Many other writing systems make no distinction between maj... | What are writing systems which make no distinction between majuscales and minuscules often referred to as? | What are writing systems which make no distinction between majuscales and minuscules often referred to as? | [
"What are writing systems which make no distinction between majuscales and minuscules often referred to as?"
] | {
"text": [
"unicameral script"
],
"answer_start": [
361
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116381 | 5707044d90286e26004fc7f5 | Letter_case | Most Western languages (particularly those with writing systems based on the Latin, Cyrillic, Greek, Coptic, and Armenian alphabets) use letter cases in their written form as an aid to clarity. Scripts using two separate cases are also called bicameral scripts. Many other writing systems make no distinction between maj... | Which alphabet is a special case because it transitioned from bicameral to unicameral? | Which alphabet is a special case because it transitioned from bicameral to unicameral? | [
"Which alphabet is a special case because it transitioned from bicameral to unicameral?"
] | {
"text": [
"Georgian"
],
"answer_start": [
457
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116382 | 5707044d90286e26004fc7f6 | Letter_case | Most Western languages (particularly those with writing systems based on the Latin, Cyrillic, Greek, Coptic, and Armenian alphabets) use letter cases in their written form as an aid to clarity. Scripts using two separate cases are also called bicameral scripts. Many other writing systems make no distinction between maj... | What are scripts that utilized two seperate cases called? | What are scripts that utilized two seperate cases called? | [
"What are scripts that utilized two seperate cases called?"
] | {
"text": [
"bicameral"
],
"answer_start": [
243
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116383 | 5707066b9e06ca38007e92b1 | Letter_case | In Latin, papyri from Herculaneum dating before 79 AD (when it was destroyed) have been found that have been written in old Roman cursive, where the early forms of minuscule letters "d", "h" and "r", for example, can already be recognised. According to papyrologist Knut Kleve, "The theory, then, that the lower-case let... | Papyri from Herculaneum dating before 79 AD have been to to be written in which hand writing? | Papyri from Herculaneum dating before 79 AD have been to to be written in which hand writing? | [
"Papyri from Herculaneum dating before 79 AD have been to to be written in which hand writing?"
] | {
"text": [
"old Roman cursive"
],
"answer_start": [
120
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116384 | 5707066b9e06ca38007e92b2 | Letter_case | In Latin, papyri from Herculaneum dating before 79 AD (when it was destroyed) have been found that have been written in old Roman cursive, where the early forms of minuscule letters "d", "h" and "r", for example, can already be recognised. According to papyrologist Knut Kleve, "The theory, then, that the lower-case let... | Whicy papyrologist theorized lowercase letter actually developed from the fifth century uncials? | Whicy papyrologist theorized lowercase letter actually developed from the fifth century uncials? | [
"Whicy papyrologist theorized lowercase letter actually developed from the fifth century uncials?"
] | {
"text": [
"Knut Kleve"
],
"answer_start": [
266
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116385 | 5707066b9e06ca38007e92b3 | Letter_case | In Latin, papyri from Herculaneum dating before 79 AD (when it was destroyed) have been found that have been written in old Roman cursive, where the early forms of minuscule letters "d", "h" and "r", for example, can already be recognised. According to papyrologist Knut Kleve, "The theory, then, that the lower-case let... | Which continents languages with few exceptions generally did not utilize case distinction until about the year 1300? | Which continents languages with few exceptions generally did not utilize case distinction until about the year 1300? | [
"Which continents languages with few exceptions generally did not utilize case distinction until about the year 1300?"
] | {
"text": [
"Europe"
],
"answer_start": [
730
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116386 | 5707066b9e06ca38007e92b4 | Letter_case | In Latin, papyri from Herculaneum dating before 79 AD (when it was destroyed) have been found that have been written in old Roman cursive, where the early forms of minuscule letters "d", "h" and "r", for example, can already be recognised. According to papyrologist Knut Kleve, "The theory, then, that the lower-case let... | What was the initial difference between majuscule and minuscule letters? | What was the initial difference between majuscule and minuscule letters? | [
"What was the initial difference between majuscule and minuscule letters? "
] | {
"text": [
"stylistic"
],
"answer_start": [
545
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116387 | 5707066b9e06ca38007e92b5 | Letter_case | In Latin, papyri from Herculaneum dating before 79 AD (when it was destroyed) have been found that have been written in old Roman cursive, where the early forms of minuscule letters "d", "h" and "r", for example, can already be recognised. According to papyrologist Knut Kleve, "The theory, then, that the lower-case let... | Which type of document was general unicameral because the writer used one type of writing but not another? | Which type of document was general unicameral because the writer used one type of writing but not another? | [
"Which type of document was general unicameral because the writer used one type of writing but not another?"
] | {
"text": [
"handwritten"
],
"answer_start": [
643
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116388 | 5707093790286e26004fc835 | Letter_case | As regards publication titles it is, however, a common typographic practice among both British and U.S. publishers to capitalise significant words (and in the United States, this is often applied to headings, too). This family of typographic conventions is usually called title case. For example, R. M. Ritter's Oxford M... | What is capitalization of significant words applied to in the United States besides titles? | What is capitalization of significant words applied to in the United States besides titles? | [
"What is capitalization of significant words applied to in the United States besides titles?"
] | {
"text": [
"headings"
],
"answer_start": [
199
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116389 | 5707093790286e26004fc836 | Letter_case | As regards publication titles it is, however, a common typographic practice among both British and U.S. publishers to capitalise significant words (and in the United States, this is often applied to headings, too). This family of typographic conventions is usually called title case. For example, R. M. Ritter's Oxford M... | Capitalization of significant words refers to which family of typographic conventions? | Capitalization of significant words refers to which family of typographic conventions? | [
"Capitalization of significant words refers to which family of typographic conventions?"
] | {
"text": [
"title case"
],
"answer_start": [
272
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116390 | 5707093790286e26004fc837 | Letter_case | As regards publication titles it is, however, a common typographic practice among both British and U.S. publishers to capitalise significant words (and in the United States, this is often applied to headings, too). This family of typographic conventions is usually called title case. For example, R. M. Ritter's Oxford M... | Which book of literature standards suggests capitalizing the first word and all nouns, pronouns, adjectives, verbs, and adverbs? | Which book of literature standards suggests capitalizing the first word and all nouns, pronouns, adjectives, verbs, and adverbs? | [
"Which book of literature standards suggests capitalizing the first word and all nouns, pronouns, adjectives, verbs, and adverbs?"
] | {
"text": [
"R. M. Ritter's Oxford Manual of Style"
],
"answer_start": [
297
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116391 | 5707093790286e26004fc838 | Letter_case | As regards publication titles it is, however, a common typographic practice among both British and U.S. publishers to capitalise significant words (and in the United States, this is often applied to headings, too). This family of typographic conventions is usually called title case. For example, R. M. Ritter's Oxford M... | The use of bold fonts and capilization in titles falls under which unusual grammatical distinction? | The use of bold fonts and capilization in titles falls under which unusual grammatical distinction? | [
"The use of bold fonts and capilization in titles falls under which unusual grammatical distinction?"
] | {
"text": [
"not universally standardized"
],
"answer_start": [
740
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116392 | 57070ba69e06ca38007e9309 | Letter_case | As briefly discussed in Unicode Technical Note #26, "In terms of implementation issues, any attempt at a unification of Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic would wreak havoc [and] make casing operations an unholy mess, in effect making all casing operations context sensitive […]". In other words, while the shapes of letters lik... | Attempts to unify Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic would create which sort of problems? | Attempts to unify Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic would create which sort of problems? | [
"Attempts to unify Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic would create which sort of problems?"
] | {
"text": [
"make casing operations an unholy mess"
],
"answer_start": [
171
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116393 | 57070ba69e06ca38007e930a | Letter_case | As briefly discussed in Unicode Technical Note #26, "In terms of implementation issues, any attempt at a unification of Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic would wreak havoc [and] make casing operations an unholy mess, in effect making all casing operations context sensitive […]". In other words, while the shapes of letters lik... | What among many common letters is shared between Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic? | What among many common letters is shared between Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic? | [
"What among many common letters is shared between Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic?"
] | {
"text": [
"shapes"
],
"answer_start": [
299
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116394 | 57070ba69e06ca38007e930b | Letter_case | As briefly discussed in Unicode Technical Note #26, "In terms of implementation issues, any attempt at a unification of Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic would wreak havoc [and] make casing operations an unholy mess, in effect making all casing operations context sensitive […]". In other words, while the shapes of letters lik... | What would be problematic for a multilingual character set or font to provide? | What would be problematic for a multilingual character set or font to provide? | [
"What would be problematic for a multilingual character set or font to provide?"
] | {
"text": [
"single codepoint"
],
"answer_start": [
622
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116395 | 57070ba69e06ca38007e930c | Letter_case | As briefly discussed in Unicode Technical Note #26, "In terms of implementation issues, any attempt at a unification of Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic would wreak havoc [and] make casing operations an unholy mess, in effect making all casing operations context sensitive […]". In other words, while the shapes of letters lik... | What distinguishes Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic from one another? | What distinguishes Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic from one another? | [
"What distinguishes Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic from one another?"
] | {
"text": [
"sets of symbols"
],
"answer_start": [
1105
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116396 | 57070ba69e06ca38007e930d | Letter_case | As briefly discussed in Unicode Technical Note #26, "In terms of implementation issues, any attempt at a unification of Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic would wreak havoc [and] make casing operations an unholy mess, in effect making all casing operations context sensitive […]". In other words, while the shapes of letters lik... | Although there are challenges a unified European alphabet is feasible even in the absence of which common language rule? | Although there are challenges a unified European alphabet is feasible even in the absence of which common language rule? | [
"Although there are challenges a unified European alphabet is feasible even in the absence of which common language rule?"
] | {
"text": [
"letter case"
],
"answer_start": [
878
]
} |
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