sentences stringlengths 1 6.19k | matches dict | sem_embed listlengths 768 768 | rhet_embedding listlengths 768 768 | aid stringlengths 7 11 | Category stringclasses 13
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First, it seemed to me that a fouryear moratorium would not seriously slow down the pace of research in this area. | {
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Supporters of stem cell research and research... | {
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The medium for biofilm formation by B.bifidium was optimized by statistical methodology for the first time. | {
"m": "Describing the process: adverbs of manner",
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Twolevel factorials of PlackettBurman design was applied to evaluate the influence of related nutrients on biofilm formation. | {
"m": "Describing questionnaire design",
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} | [
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The sodium chloride,manganese sulfate and galactose were confirmed as critical factors in the medium. | {
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The orthogonal design was used to determine the optimal region of these factors for biofilm formation. | {
"m": "Describing the process: statistical procedures",
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... | W2353700941 | Method |
Then the optimized level of these factors was determined by response surface methodology. | {
"m": "Referring back to the research aims or procedures",
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0.1... | W2353700941 | Aims |
The predicted maximal biofilm formation appeared at the region where the concentrations of manganese sulfate,galactose and sodium chloride were 0.005 gL,25 gL and 0.1 molL,respectively. | {
"m": "Summarising the results section",
"s": "454.7"
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The correlation between predicted value and measured value of these experiments proved the validity of the response model. | {
"m": "Stating a positive result",
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The biofilm formation increased 1.5 times in the optimized medium compared to that in the original medium. | {
"m": "Highlighting interesting or surprising results",
"s": "424.84"
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ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRearrangement and cleavage of the Grignard reagent from 5chloromethylnorborneneE. | {
"m": "Referring back to the research aims or procedures",
"s": "525.11"
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... | W1977354901 | Aims |
Alexander Hill, King Hsieh, Kevin Condroski, Heidi Sonnentag, Donald Skalitzky, and Donald GagasCite this J. Org. | {
"m": "Explaining the provenance of the participants",
"s": "418.52"
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Chem. | {
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1989, 54, 22, 52865292Publication Date PrintOctober 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1989httpsdoi.org10.1021jo00283a022RIGHTS PERMISSIONSArticle Views379AltmetricCitations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTERcompliant sum of full text article downloads s... | {
"m": "Explaining the provenance of articles for review",
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These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days. | {
"m": "Describing the process: typical verbs in the passive form",
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0... | W1977354901 | Method |
Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. | {
"m": "Explaining the provenance of articles for review",
"s": "500.37"
} | [
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... | W1977354901 | Method |
Find more information about Crossref citation counts. | {
"m": "Providing background information: reference to the literature",
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The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. | {
"m": "Stating the purpose of the thesis, dissertation, or research article (note use of present tense)",
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-0.7764758467674255,... | W1977354901 | Purpose |
Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. | {
"m": "Synthesising sources: supporting evidence or ideas",
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... | W1977354901 | Result |
Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. | {
"m": "Providing background information: reference to the purpose of the study",
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-0.04727914184331... | W1977354901 | Background |
Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF 966 KB Get eAlertsclose Get eAlerts | {
"m": "Explaining the provenance of articles for review",
"s": "511.02"
} | [
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-0... | W1977354901 | Method |
In this paper, we propose an approach to identify the driving environment for autonomous highway vehicles by means of image processing and computer vision techniques. | {
"m": "Describing the research design and the methods used",
"s": "373.73"
} | [
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-... | W2127170485 | Method |
The proposed approach is mainly composed of two consecutive computational steps. | {
"m": "Describing the process: typical verbs in the passive form",
"s": "460.72"
} | [
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1.9281340837478638... | W2127170485 | Method |
The first step is the lane markings detection, used to identify the location of host vehicle and road geometry. | {
"m": "Outlining the structure of a thesis or dissertation",
"s": "460.77"
} | [
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... | W2127170485 | Other |
The second one is the vehicle detection that can provide relative position and speed between host vehicle and each preceding vehicle. | {
"m": "Outlining the structure of a short paper",
"s": "537.9"
} | [
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... | W2127170485 | Other |
The proposed approach has been validated in several realworld scenes. | {
"m": "Summarising the literature review",
"s": "568.26"
} | [
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0.... | W2127170485 | Other |
Herein, the experimental results indicate low false alarm and low false dismissal and have demonstrated the robustness of the proposed detection approach. | {
"m": "Stating a positive result",
"s": "496.32"
} | [
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1.... | W2127170485 | Result |
There is no achievement of man for which biological models play such an important role as in aeronautics. | {
"m": "Identifying a knowledge gap in the field of study",
"s": "471.67"
} | [
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0.4... | W2197305093 | Uncertainty |
And in no technical development is the relationship between technology and nature so difficult. | {
"m": "Identifying a knowledge gap in the field of study",
"s": "459.43"
} | [
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... | W2197305093 | Uncertainty |
Man became able to fly he became able to fly at supersonic speeds and he became able to explore space with his flying machines. | {
"m": "Restating a result or one of several results",
"s": "475.34"
} | [
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2.2105603218078613,... | W2197305093 | Result |
Still, even after 100 years of aeronautics, the yearning for the silent, efficient, reliable flight of birds remains strong. | {
"m": "Establising the importance of the topic as a problem to be addressed",
"s": "388.51"
} | [
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... | [
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1.75... | W2197305093 | Importance |
The question whether the natural way of flying is technically reproducible or is going to remain a dream for the engineer is still an open one. | {
"m": "Suggesting general hypotheses",
"s": "455.24"
} | [
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-1.000303... | W2197305093 | Hypothesis |
This question is strongly related to the question of geometrical adaptability of airfoils in other words, with the technical possibility of realising airfoils which can be properly deformed, statically as well as dynamically. | {
"m": "Establising the importance of the topic as a problem to be addressed",
"s": "450.31"
} | [
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-0.1... | W2197305093 | Importance |
In the most advanced conception of bioinspired flight, wings work additionally as rudders, flaps and propulsion systems but even small steps towards this vision, such as quasistatic adaptation of airfoil geometry for a conventionally propelled aircraft, promise a dramatic improvement in efficiency and manoeuvrability. | {
"m": "Referring back to the research aims or procedures",
"s": "572.9"
} | [
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1.82265651226043... | [
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0... | W2197305093 | Aims |
The abovementioned crucial question concerning geometrical adaptability of airfoils constitutes a multidisciplinary question of applied mechanics, primarily covering the areas of structural mechanics, material science and actuator technology but also strongly related to other disciplines, among them fluid mechanics and... | {
"m": "Establishing the importance of the topic for the discipline",
"s": "499.35"
} | [
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1.2379441261291504,... | W2197305093 | Importance |
This contribution gives a broad insight into the conceptual and historical background of the adaptive airfoil issue and provides an overview on the actual stand of research on this topic. | {
"m": "Explaining the significance of the current study",
"s": "379.37"
} | [
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2... | W2197305093 | Importance |
Some crucial aspects like the conflict between the main requirements of deformability, loadcarrying capability and low weight as well as the role of a coupled mechanical design are addressed in more detail. | {
"m": "Suggesting general hypotheses",
"s": "563.5"
} | [
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1.0... | [
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0.70... | W2197305093 | Hypothesis |
The final part of the paper focuses on the authors own work on airfoils with variable camber and optimisation of compliant systems for shape control. | {
"m": "Outlining the structure of a thesis or dissertation",
"s": "537.35"
} | [
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In particular, the socalled beltrib structural concept for shapeadaptable airfoil structures is presented and discussed. | {
"m": "Outlining the structure of a thesis or dissertation",
"s": "467.01"
} | [
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-0.7857421636581421,
0.9144951105117798,
0.06974431127309799,
1.1617153882980347,
0.33025410771369934,... | [
-0.1584036946296692,
-0.31306272745132446,
-0.9642021059989929,
-1.4276179075241089,
-0.8881867527961731,
-1.834366798400879,
-0.8360218405723572,
-1.5792518854141235,
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-0.5711891651153564,
0.9426090121269226,
-0.047384634613990784,
0.9274446964263916,
0.77139008045196... | W2197305093 | Other |
This concept implements a revolutionary design philosophy which completely relies on structural flexibility in order to produce large geometry changes. | {
"m": "Referring back to the purpose of the paper or study",
"s": "547.41"
} | [
1.0537197589874268,
2.0106804370880127,
-3.2119710445404053,
-0.8647424578666687,
0.6097877025604248,
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0.4974881112575531,
0.15005846321582794,
0.18029391765594482,
0.07063934952020645,
0.8767712712287903,
-0.6686530709266663,
1.8077493906021118,
-0.08817556500434875,
... | [
1.4047915935516357,
2.153575897216797,
-0.4520699977874756,
0.40675851702690125,
2.087327480316162,
-0.19783295691013336,
-0.46665671467781067,
0.794447124004364,
1.6858617067337036,
-0.643566906452179,
0.5731794238090515,
0.21006149053573608,
0.20942260324954987,
0.4214315712451935,
2.6... | W2197305093 | Purpose |
Former approaches to shapeadaptable airfoils, which are documented in hundreds of patents or patent applications worldwide, were substantially based on conventional articulated systems with moveable parts, involving strong weight penalties which made them unfeasible for practical applications. | {
"m": "Referring to previous work to establish what is already known",
"s": "403.87"
} | [
1.1441543102264404,
1.666853427886963,
-3.3301985263824463,
-0.3624066710472107,
0.08367130160331726,
0.5132585763931274,
0.2926529347896576,
-0.36985933780670166,
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0.6530686616897583,
-0.22402548789978027,
1.917665958404541,
0.3539885878562927,
0... | [
1.4699289798736572,
-1.4158724546432495,
-2.225166082382202,
-1.5811023712158203,
-0.45638135075569153,
1.8532341718673706,
-0.1770234853029251,
0.3643825352191925,
-0.22107726335525513,
0.5909705758094788,
0.16753576695919037,
-0.7224982380867004,
1.0791443586349487,
-0.14526169002056122,... | W2197305093 | Background |
Due to their www.witpress.com, ISSN 17558336 online 2006 WIT Press WIT Transactions on State of the Art in Science and Engineering, Vol 4, doi10.249518456409505c ShapeAdaptive WingsThe Unfulfilled Dream of Flight 401 optimised design, beltrib airfoils keep a light construction while offering large shape adaptability as... | {
"m": "Referring to important texts in the area of interest",
"s": "515.96"
} | [
0.8960368633270264,
0.7316067814826965,
-3.6900739669799805,
-0.2736954391002655,
0.6946906447410583,
0.6368749141693115,
0.003973124548792839,
-0.7231707572937012,
-0.39610886573791504,
-1.0778067111968994,
0.5849187970161438,
-0.25978243350982666,
1.5178451538085938,
0.9555758833885193,
... | [
0.01849529705941677,
0.3258908987045288,
-1.5898159742355347,
-1.4299252033233643,
0.2794981598854065,
-0.7410465478897095,
-1.1091787815093994,
0.5422491431236267,
2.0461251735687256,
0.36642780900001526,
-0.5171719789505005,
-0.7920072674751282,
1.6836642026901245,
-0.35228991508483887,
... | W2197305093 | Background |
Studies were carried out on the delta 5desaturation reaction in ergosterol biosynthesis with a particulate fraction of cellfree extract of yeast. | {
"m": "Referring back to the research aims or procedures",
"s": "464.79"
} | [
1.2522850036621094,
1.236311912536621,
-3.5111353397369385,
0.504258394241333,
0.17686580121517181,
-0.1992103010416031,
-0.14055000245571136,
0.6533044576644897,
-0.6930992007255554,
-1.268986701965332,
-0.4467882812023163,
1.1901527643203735,
2.5902156829833984,
0.201796755194664,
-0.4... | [
0.6671971678733826,
-1.214982032775879,
-2.405909776687622,
-0.7871217131614685,
0.4176959991455078,
-1.6763575077056885,
-0.6529161930084229,
-0.3718613386154175,
-0.27078571915626526,
-0.8845531344413757,
-0.07569581270217896,
-0.5703808665275574,
1.0122575759887695,
-0.09681754559278488... | W1697350122 | Aims |
A reduced pyridine nucleotide coenzyme and molecular oxygen were required for the reaction. | {
"m": "Describing the characteristics of the participants",
"s": "442.23"
} | [
-0.007718288339674473,
0.3533528447151184,
-3.1809868812561035,
-0.08129872381687164,
0.8463813066482544,
0.007738396525382996,
-0.4216957986354828,
1.348058819770813,
0.7338947653770447,
-1.4086287021636963,
-0.8207274675369263,
0.4170048236846924,
1.241919755935669,
0.5680583715438843,
... | [
-0.4046788811683655,
0.9334627389907837,
-2.724169969558716,
-0.6945324540138245,
2.1238131523132324,
-0.2595255374908447,
0.15762491524219513,
0.7628104090690613,
-0.20937135815620422,
-0.3379130959510803,
-1.5495519638061523,
1.5161759853363037,
0.3575451970100403,
0.20560380816459656,
... | W1697350122 | Method |
It was shown that the enzyme activity is located in a fraction corresponding to microsomes. | {
"m": "Restating a result or one of several results",
"s": "488.66"
} | [
0.7532315254211426,
1.2586815357208252,
-3.5212128162384033,
-0.6290445327758789,
-0.027854297310113907,
-1.1098562479019165,
0.49195584654808044,
0.6859467625617981,
-0.1682359278202057,
-1.1632057428359985,
-0.200270414352417,
0.5638852119445801,
1.2668813467025757,
-0.5370922088623047,
... | [
1.3795362710952759,
0.12314657866954803,
-2.824497699737549,
-1.0621286630630493,
1.1775718927383423,
-2.303917407989502,
0.40350857377052307,
-1.0068778991699219,
-0.04844861477613449,
-1.036877989768982,
0.44406038522720337,
0.7629764676094055,
-0.24953505396842957,
-0.19112466275691986,... | W1697350122 | Result |
The reaction was inhibited by KCN, but not by CO. Menadione and potassium ferricyanide inhibited the NADPH and NADHdependent reactions, respectively, and cytochrome c inhibited both of them. | {
"m": "Reporting positive and negative reactions",
"s": "453.7"
} | [
1.0912522077560425,
0.31344905495643616,
-2.8883752822875977,
0.3906746506690979,
0.45831629633903503,
-0.23529259860515594,
-0.7340834736824036,
1.1766011714935303,
0.06679881364107132,
-1.0109647512435913,
-0.2711687684059143,
0.9167776107788086,
1.6226956844329834,
0.4444338381290436,
... | [
1.064685583114624,
0.0837457999587059,
-1.4777344465255737,
0.23288586735725403,
3.048058032989502,
0.31778907775878906,
0.39069101214408875,
-0.8372367024421692,
-0.10823854804039001,
-0.48657432198524475,
-0.713454008102417,
1.002751111984253,
0.34035274386405945,
1.2536295652389526,
0... | W1697350122 | Result |
These results suggested an involvement in delta 5desaturation of a mixed function oxidase system resembling that for the fatty acylCoA desaturation reaction. | {
"m": "Offering an explanation for the findings",
"s": "457.64"
} | [
1.0948269367218018,
0.6274170279502869,
-3.2130820751190186,
-0.5149116516113281,
1.0212048292160034,
-0.47252219915390015,
0.9169564247131348,
-0.1337423324584961,
-0.07967371493577957,
-1.4758687019348145,
-0.3347739279270172,
0.21603994071483612,
2.7452385425567627,
0.7698564529418945,
... | [
2.3633015155792236,
0.9887704253196716,
-0.3792502284049988,
-0.6772733926773071,
0.9198477864265442,
-0.7408016920089722,
0.010028734803199768,
-1.0040110349655151,
0.89980548620224,
-1.4683177471160889,
-0.5705074667930603,
0.677149772644043,
1.3247069120407104,
0.689166784286499,
-0.4... | W1697350122 | Result |
The lungs are among the most common sites for metastases from a multitude of cancers. | {
"m": "Setting out the research questions or hypotheses",
"s": "501.56"
} | [
0.757295548915863,
0.805977463722229,
-3.8182339668273926,
-0.22167682647705078,
1.106368064880371,
0.5809647440910339,
-0.8559317588806152,
1.2329566478729248,
0.4020000994205475,
-0.9779748916625977,
0.03446592018008232,
0.03222276642918587,
2.4668917655944824,
0.07347221672534943,
-0.... | [
1.0876432657241821,
0.47105035185813904,
-3.3004698753356934,
-0.8056715130805969,
1.259236454963684,
-0.26793211698532104,
-1.0711727142333984,
-0.6587573885917664,
-0.026809299364686012,
-0.44841060042381287,
1.2743396759033203,
0.4582584500312805,
0.8818527460098267,
0.8624232411384583,... | W2012285345 | Aims |
The majority of pulmonary metastases appear nodular on radiologic images. | {
"m": "Describing the process: typical verbs in the passive form",
"s": "535.98"
} | [
0.6305146813392639,
0.2131873518228531,
-3.3243768215179443,
0.42634183168411255,
1.5902467966079712,
0.5478113889694214,
-0.9020182490348816,
0.4694727659225464,
0.35663577914237976,
-0.7602752447128296,
0.6612939238548279,
0.8563238978385925,
2.2577285766601562,
0.13141457736492157,
-1... | [
1.2827693223953247,
-0.0948059931397438,
-2.609410047531128,
0.17762304842472076,
1.7711542844772339,
0.14435654878616333,
0.47454509139060974,
-0.3871714472770691,
-0.3210432529449463,
-1.0263171195983887,
1.627140998840332,
1.9495755434036255,
0.6844296455383301,
1.6395652294158936,
-1... | W2012285345 | Method |
Interstitial spread of tumor through pulmonary lymphatics, also known as pulmonary lymphangitic carcinomatosis PLC, is not uncommon and constitutes approximately 7 of pulmonary metastases. | {
"m": "Explaining keywords (also refer to Defining Terms)",
"s": "456.19"
} | [
1.07277250289917,
0.22769293189048767,
-3.5805563926696777,
-0.6298137307167053,
0.8875839114189148,
0.3129059672355652,
-1.3784364461898804,
0.2782595753669739,
0.0261558648198843,
-0.800895631313324,
-0.30594727396965027,
0.7528558969497681,
1.7195942401885986,
-0.1519383043050766,
-0.... | [
2.075939178466797,
1.9502724409103394,
-1.9983869791030884,
0.012224765494465828,
1.5636121034622192,
0.36787497997283936,
-0.518557071685791,
0.11444700509309769,
1.7890411615371704,
-0.5402759909629822,
0.37667495012283325,
0.07263822108507156,
1.3293510675430298,
-0.43103307485580444,
... | W2012285345 | Keywords |
PLC is most often seen with adenocarcinoma of a variety of histologies such as thyroid carcinoma, and melanoma. | {
"m": "Stating what is currently known about the topic",
"s": "518.37"
} | [
0.4303308129310608,
0.46071910858154297,
-3.291137456893921,
0.03373607248067856,
0.5652932524681091,
-1.2535526752471924,
-0.5603009462356567,
-0.3858236074447632,
0.6391605138778687,
0.0470760241150856,
1.0699644088745117,
0.9978165626525879,
2.669717311859131,
-0.8945443034172058,
0.1... | [
-0.1196807324886322,
-1.72684645652771,
-3.720211982727051,
-0.8516855239868164,
1.0822385549545288,
-1.6590079069137573,
-0.35749176144599915,
-1.7569419145584106,
0.0964079424738884,
-0.19173699617385864,
1.0224716663360596,
0.0984974205493927,
1.1298604011535645,
-0.10989272594451904,
... | W2012285345 | Background |
It is usually noted in late stages of malignancy and therefore is indicative of a poor prognosis. | {
"m": "General reference to previous research or scholarship: highlighting negative outcomes",
"s": "550.84"
} | [
0.9338460564613342,
-0.35590052604675293,
-3.1465799808502197,
-0.7930486798286438,
0.10239368677139282,
0.583961009979248,
0.12566787004470825,
1.0259603261947632,
0.5277126431465149,
-0.3936110734939575,
0.2568102180957794,
1.296635627746582,
1.9159644842147827,
0.477492094039917,
-0.1... | [
1.6737819910049438,
-0.4758494794368744,
-2.165273666381836,
-0.14540237188339233,
1.0000648498535156,
1.1158472299575806,
-0.43382778763771057,
-0.519665539264679,
0.7473967671394348,
-1.2297557592391968,
0.8759792447090149,
2.0431859493255615,
-0.21377234160900116,
0.4348517954349518,
... | W2012285345 | Background |
Diagnosis of PLC is usually based on a combination of clinical and radiologic findings. | {
"m": "Describing the process: typical verbs in the passive form",
"s": "457.1"
} | [
2.0877695083618164,
0.2963063418865204,
-3.2234389781951904,
-0.7178260087966919,
0.8627606630325317,
-0.6447360515594482,
0.10055351257324219,
-0.5004838109016418,
0.3149341642856598,
-0.4200422763824463,
0.7320083379745483,
0.6319680213928223,
2.010481834411621,
-0.6098714470863342,
0.... | [
0.9698102474212646,
-1.7534844875335693,
-2.8626058101654053,
-0.3456408679485321,
2.0656139850616455,
-1.6304761171340942,
0.2080378383398056,
-1.9563274383544922,
0.1780942678451538,
-0.5436553955078125,
0.9976480007171631,
0.2169318050146103,
0.686078667640686,
1.1760756969451904,
-0.... | W2012285345 | Method |
However, the diagnosis is difficult when patients have limited clinical findings or have a history of or the possibility of other interstitial lung diseases. | {
"m": "Detailing specific limitations",
"s": "329.88"
} | [
1.2481586933135986,
0.6499150395393372,
-3.0170319080352783,
-0.2964189648628235,
0.47705331444740295,
1.084633708000183,
-0.5375339388847351,
0.12833863496780396,
0.5194630026817322,
-1.7083903551101685,
-0.11416913568973541,
0.39365482330322266,
1.2951290607452393,
-0.043051961809396744,... | [
-1.1541187763214111,
1.896674633026123,
1.8429977893829346,
0.08049802482128143,
-0.17931731045246124,
2.7690768241882324,
-0.7295283079147339,
0.8685254454612732,
1.2322064638137817,
-0.471195787191391,
0.9701153039932251,
0.525299072265625,
-0.2752430737018585,
0.8800879120826721,
0.63... | W2012285345 | Limitations |
Highresolution computed tomography HRCT has been the modality of choice in the radiologic diagnosis of PLC. | {
"m": "Transition: moving to the next result",
"s": "446.76"
} | [
2.0055832862854004,
0.7967376708984375,
-3.53458833694458,
-0.7948081493377686,
0.652038037776947,
-0.16747991740703583,
-0.25565221905708313,
0.8671407699584961,
-0.5429428815841675,
-0.20940253138542175,
0.4300251007080078,
0.5757237672805786,
1.7534642219543457,
-1.5772143602371216,
0... | [
0.8542370200157166,
-0.6465638875961304,
-3.4549360275268555,
-1.401365876197815,
1.3464138507843018,
-1.1590816974639893,
-0.5011547803878784,
-0.19665947556495667,
0.03248056024312973,
0.12728847563266754,
0.8197606205940247,
0.6867889761924744,
0.6537306904792786,
-0.26348865032196045,
... | W2012285345 | Result |
Imaging features of PLC on HRCT include thickening of interlobular septa, fissures, and bronchovascular bundles. | {
"m": "Restating a result or one of several results",
"s": "536.29"
} | [
1.625820517539978,
0.7032532095909119,
-3.5064563751220703,
-0.38496580719947815,
0.8055092692375183,
-0.5529928803443909,
0.1176576167345047,
0.25625360012054443,
-0.22511117160320282,
-1.121551752090454,
0.4650314450263977,
1.2367143630981445,
1.3569748401641846,
-0.5051114559173584,
0... | [
-0.1227950006723404,
0.5484558343887329,
-1.4082058668136597,
-0.7680889368057251,
0.5402461886405945,
-1.9288060665130615,
-0.16949455440044403,
-1.600721836090088,
-0.835811197757721,
-0.6695712208747864,
0.7087003588676453,
2.110147476196289,
1.9119971990585327,
1.3458781242370605,
-0... | W2012285345 | Result |
Distribution of PLC may be focal or diffuse, unilateral or bilateral, and symmetric or asymmetric. | {
"m": "Suggesting general hypotheses",
"s": "468.78"
} | [
1.847375512123108,
0.8469106554985046,
-3.5060315132141113,
-1.0909075736999512,
1.187828779220581,
0.05601100996136665,
0.23055796325206757,
-0.7321182489395142,
0.19921085238456726,
0.05343039333820343,
0.8288029432296753,
0.065608911216259,
1.5445306301116943,
-0.46197500824928284,
0.... | [
0.7465604543685913,
0.9039932489395142,
-1.2556886672973633,
-0.3886418640613556,
1.7200515270233154,
0.10036724805831909,
-0.2325160801410675,
-1.7691245079040527,
0.22079801559448242,
0.018892662599682808,
0.6322665214538574,
-0.3446667194366455,
0.5642682313919067,
1.1410654783248901,
... | W2012285345 | Hypothesis |
Although FDGPET has been extensively used in primary or secondary lung malignancies, its role and appearance in PLC have not been well determined in the literature. | {
"m": "Contrasting sources with ‘however’ for emphasis",
"s": "328.33"
} | [
0.9805740118026733,
0.6153181791305542,
-3.495812177658081,
-0.5785638689994812,
0.8547869324684143,
0.14182108640670776,
-0.4416612386703491,
-0.318922758102417,
-0.6582102179527283,
-1.8859004974365234,
1.2847838401794434,
0.5602567195892334,
2.3817214965820312,
-0.6985260248184204,
0.... | [
-0.8377559185028076,
0.027069583535194397,
0.3503918945789337,
-0.9763399362564087,
-0.35064515471458435,
3.9202823638916016,
-1.1299256086349487,
0.835046648979187,
0.706017255783081,
-0.8538020253181458,
2.060666799545288,
0.028072863817214966,
-0.5312272310256958,
0.6598914861679077,
... | W2012285345 | Result |
In this communication, we describe a spectrum of FDGPET and CT findings in 5 cases with PLC. | {
"m": "Outlining the structure of a short paper",
"s": "425.6"
} | [
1.8087859153747559,
0.9219515323638916,
-3.375255584716797,
-0.9930455088615417,
0.9515836834907532,
-0.4456627070903778,
0.36129486560821533,
-1.0426833629608154,
-0.5274556279182434,
-0.6317346096038818,
0.4769696295261383,
0.10983696579933167,
1.3443933725357056,
-0.4078260362148285,
... | [
0.6009879112243652,
-0.6835550665855408,
-1.2215598821640015,
-2.1711957454681396,
0.8393999934196472,
-2.7069571018218994,
0.15158335864543915,
-2.981140375137329,
-2.4313299655914307,
-0.6844286918640137,
0.5487775206565857,
0.5227394104003906,
1.342626690864563,
1.6550235748291016,
0.... | W2012285345 | Other |
Similar to CT, the distribution of PLC can be extensive or limited on the FDGPET. | {
"m": "Contrasting sources with ‘however’ for emphasis",
"s": "504.35"
} | [
1.164392352104187,
1.4481480121612549,
-3.4469106197357178,
-0.9512437582015991,
0.09222055226564407,
0.12605561316013336,
-0.092030830681324,
-0.23854206502437592,
-0.08340220153331757,
-1.3905600309371948,
0.7168415188789368,
-0.7415054440498352,
1.827958583831787,
-0.21145957708358765,
... | [
1.044600248336792,
1.0528708696365356,
-1.3344635963439941,
-0.7882660031318665,
0.2809450328350067,
0.9649404883384705,
0.13107214868068695,
0.6955339908599854,
0.6237170696258545,
-0.7006747722625732,
1.412957787513733,
-0.953931450843811,
0.9665493369102478,
1.2266409397125244,
0.1603... | W2012285345 | Result |
Diffuse, lobar, or segmental FDG uptake in the lungs is seen in extensive PLC. | {
"m": "Describing the process: typical verbs in the passive form",
"s": "433.26"
} | [
1.5067925453186035,
1.4494028091430664,
-3.9227888584136963,
-0.5596336722373962,
0.46518298983573914,
0.3292320966720581,
-0.4501509666442871,
0.1640029102563858,
-0.08362744003534317,
-0.9435651898384094,
0.4571460783481598,
0.7961292862892151,
1.597147822380066,
-0.12024670839309692,
... | [
1.3386716842651367,
-0.5257936120033264,
-3.133936882019043,
-0.19546575844287872,
2.8716506958007812,
-1.0814143419265747,
0.632592499256134,
-1.4457982778549194,
-0.5714014172554016,
-0.8796127438545227,
0.17219781875610352,
1.9112820625305176,
-0.06027963384985924,
0.7729001641273499,
... | W2012285345 | Method |
In limited PLC, a linear or a hazy area of FDG uptake extending from the tumor can be seen. | {
"m": "Describing the process: typical verbs in the passive form",
"s": "540.31"
} | [
1.0847337245941162,
1.0444352626800537,
-3.4458043575286865,
-1.1071531772613525,
0.5467079877853394,
0.3384922742843628,
-0.02153305895626545,
0.11544834822416306,
-0.25888633728027344,
-0.6126881837844849,
0.9735679030418396,
1.4158034324645996,
1.719804286956787,
-0.41101059317588806,
... | [
1.0849695205688477,
-0.8483202457427979,
-2.783881664276123,
-0.550918459892273,
1.7047996520996094,
-1.213918924331665,
0.5292944312095642,
-0.8852094411849976,
-0.815555989742279,
-1.3675771951675415,
1.2980974912643433,
1.738958477973938,
-0.3162250518798828,
0.6852878332138062,
0.244... | W2012285345 | Method |
Recognition of various patterns related to PLC on FDGPET may allow accurate diagnosis of disease and could potentially influence the management of these patients. | {
"m": "Noting implications of the findings",
"s": "405.2"
} | [
0.7044775485992432,
0.73189377784729,
-3.742717742919922,
-1.1217880249023438,
1.0690263509750366,
-0.734679639339447,
0.2340952306985855,
-0.8941835761070251,
0.027323028072714806,
-1.1099282503128052,
0.9217702150344849,
0.5787349939346313,
1.87075936794281,
-0.4269635081291199,
0.2031... | [
0.48588550090789795,
0.9521616101264954,
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1.2085438966751099,
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2.551143169403076,
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1.0943375825881958,
0.03884699568152428,
0.060114432126283646,
0.45366519689559937,
0.8... | W2012285345 | Implications |
Throughout our lives we engage in problem solving, which is thought to depend on executive functions EFs e.g., inhibition, shifting and working memory. | {
"m": "Establising the importance of the topic as a problem to be addressed",
"s": "479.99"
} | [
0.5388222336769104,
1.4334169626235962,
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0.20663824677467346,
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1.2194364070892334,
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0.9927229285240173,
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-0.4029126763343811,
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1.738875150680542,
1.7813332080841064,
-0.... | [
0.3330847918987274,
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0.39963585138320923,
2.4812681674957275,
0.9778668880462646,
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1.2055284976959229,
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0.8353391885757446,
0.10176177322864532,
0.6000763773918152,
2.9389610290527344,
-0.... | W872461402 | Importance |
Previous work has identified the need to consider these abilities in an everyday context. | {
"m": "Referring to previous work to establish what is already known",
"s": "293.54"
} | [
-0.8913215398788452,
0.3291439116001129,
-3.4275970458984375,
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0.5505044460296631,
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0.7300373911857605,
1.5452582836151123,
... | [
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0.12446600943803787,
-0.5917296409606934,
0.2814023494720459,
-0.6118876338005066,
0.709274172782898,
... | W872461402 | Background |
EF skills are known to be impaired in Williams syndrome WS and Down syndrome DS. | {
"m": "Stating what is currently known about the topic",
"s": "433.04"
} | [
0.37723201513290405,
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-0.4094826281070709,
2.206913471221924,
0.8207340240478516,
-... | [
1.221217393875122,
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0.9272171258926392,
0.4421307146549225,
-0.06639178097248077,
0.14839617908000946,
... | W872461402 | Background |
This thesis aims to investigate experimental and reallife problem solving in WS and DS, and how these groups use EF skills to solve problems, through experimental and questionnairebased crosssyndrome comparisons. | {
"m": "Setting out the research questions or hypotheses",
"s": "354.99"
} | [
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1.9688293933868408,
0.95039302110672,
... | [
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1.1452826261520386,
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1.2503693103790283,
0.2922521233558655,
1.1137011051177979,
1.216019868850708,
... | W872461402 | Aims |
Participants with WS and DS aged 1224 years Ns20 and typically developing TD controls N56 nonverbal matched subset 20 completed the Tower of London TOL problemsolving task and a battery of EF tests. | {
"m": "Describing the process: typical verbs in the passive form",
"s": "473.24"
} | [
-0.38785481452941895,
0.0943075492978096,
-3.8809986114501953,
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0.7183644771575928,
0.9922860264778137,
0.4945429861545563,
1.0448622703552246,
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0.41532498598098755,
1.2016617059707642,
0.08267010003328323,
... | [
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-1.7317700386047363,
-0.1559956967830658,
1.5446010828018188,
1.0030622482299805,
-0... | W872461402 | Method |
In a separate study, parents WS, DS, TD total N112 completed the BRIEF Behavioral Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning and a novel ProblemSolving Questionnaire. | {
"m": "Describing previously used methods",
"s": "514.92"
} | [
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0.7626499533653259,
-2.781513214111328,
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0.5443252921104431,
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0.24007409811019897,
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1.6858881711959839,
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0.03343605622649193,
1.5969481468200684,
1.025909662246704,
... | [
-0.4284787178039551,
0.3553653955459595,
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-0.4760099947452545,
1.4469822645187378,
-1.2348322868347168,
-1.268279790878296,
1.1325284242630005,
0.13165348768234253... | W872461402 | Method |
The WS group, but not the DS group, scored more poorly on the TOL than the nonverbalmatched controls. | {
"m": "Reporting positive and negative reactions",
"s": "373.01"
} | [
-0.3976823091506958,
0.42763182520866394,
-3.362461805343628,
-1.0981128215789795,
0.8752219080924988,
0.017944052815437317,
0.9228918552398682,
-0.12712843716144562,
-0.3563172221183777,
0.04503162205219269,
1.3433961868286133,
0.6526632905006409,
2.1867971420288086,
0.5973238945007324,
... | [
2.6341211795806885,
-0.008649495430290699,
-0.9014121294021606,
0.12017330527305603,
2.2297616004943848,
1.1973631381988525,
-0.2523047626018524,
-1.1163287162780762,
-0.2988559603691101,
-1.6146090030670166,
0.22939662635326385,
2.0434679985046387,
0.9874891042709351,
1.7479265928268433,
... | W872461402 | Result |
In WS, developmental trajectory analysis indicated overreliance on planning for TOL performance for low planning scores. | {
"m": "Describing the process: typical verbs in the passive form",
"s": "478.25"
} | [
0.08218532800674438,
0.19612300395965576,
-3.2655203342437744,
0.21073444187641144,
0.02288033999502659,
1.1921509504318237,
1.4721059799194336,
-1.0389198064804077,
0.3569786548614502,
-0.03421984240412712,
0.6116266846656799,
-0.030237121507525444,
3.232499361038208,
0.49284592270851135,... | [
1.5657461881637573,
-1.6564640998840332,
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2.1231319904327393,
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1.0611094236373901,
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-0.007356037851423025,
2.4917359352111816,
1.0308698415756226,
0.6789093017578125,
... | W872461402 | Method |
For the DS group only speed of picture matching was associated with TOL performance, while more rule violations were exhibited than for the WS group. | {
"m": "Reporting positive and negative reactions",
"s": "545.89"
} | [
0.015598381869494915,
1.5348305702209473,
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1.3979296684265137,
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0.3130429685115814,
1.1321355104446411,
1.0469346046447754,
1.7484900951385498,
1.0716602802276611,
... | [
1.555820107460022,
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1.782153606414795,
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0.6029570698738098,
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0.43009454011917114,
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-0.73166424036026,
1.8390768766403198,
0.6250277161598206,
1.7550235986709595,
-0.25... | W872461402 | Result |
Questionnaire scores were poor for the WS group in relation to DS and TD groups. | {
"m": "Reporting positive and negative reactions",
"s": "503.22"
} | [
-0.46484240889549255,
-0.16383662819862366,
-3.779606580734253,
-0.8155778050422668,
0.4553377628326416,
1.14070725440979,
0.4349733889102936,
-0.8127702474594116,
0.5740096569061279,
-0.6960190534591675,
0.9964581727981567,
0.8899634480476379,
1.7834240198135376,
0.3549547493457794,
-1.... | [
1.533764123916626,
-0.7794901132583618,
-1.5558335781097412,
-0.4026334881782532,
1.8146038055419922,
0.5609301924705505,
1.8460317850112915,
-1.6624393463134766,
0.2795897424221039,
-1.2448358535766602,
-1.4529097080230713,
1.7348264455795288,
1.3495614528656006,
1.0227985382080078,
-2.... | W872461402 | Result |
Asking for help for the DS group, and becoming emotional for the WS group, was related to reaching the solution. | {
"m": "Giving reasons for personal interest in the research (sometimes found in the humanities, and the applied human sciences)",
"s": "570.76"
} | [
0.19832149147987366,
0.9478934407234192,
-3.2404379844665527,
-1.6299184560775757,
0.9926565885543823,
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-0.12486764043569565,
0.033595018088817596,
0.2779809534549713,
-0.22690628468990326,
0.02288314513862133,
1.083635926246643,
1.4114317893981934,
0.5676800012588501,... | [
1.312857747077942,
1.4358247518539429,
-0.3055480122566223,
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1.079946756362915,
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-0.07935816794633865,
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1.5135295391082764,
-0.05102862790226936,
-0.8029902577400208,
1.9050565958023071,
0.9459715485572815,
1.7989184856414795,
1... | W872461402 | Purpose |
In general, associations between experimental and everyday measures were scarce. | {
"m": "Stating a negative result",
"s": "509.45"
} | [
0.45773500204086304,
1.2344176769256592,
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0.9942760467529297,
0.597521960735321,
0.7273079752922058,
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0.6812440156936646,
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0.677306056022644,
-0.7196208238601685,
1.2626307010650635,
1.5746395587921143,
-0.6... | [
1.6411806344985962,
-0.594546377658844,
-2.5650596618652344,
-0.19565296173095703,
1.9608535766601562,
0.8656564354896545,
0.4956097900867462,
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0.7645561099052429,
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-1.00731360912323,
0.8192265629768372,
0.9165647625923157,
0.8071480989456177,
-0.0... | W872461402 | Result |
It was concluded that while EFs planning, visuospatial working memory were constraining factors for WS problem solving, alternative strategies were used by the DS group to reach the solution reallife problem solving should be considered in its own right and poor WS problem solving may be related to emotional difficulti... | {
"m": "Acknowledging limitation(s) whilst stating a finding or contribution",
"s": "444.59"
} | [
0.4505625069141388,
1.2035173177719116,
-3.292163133621216,
-1.0256476402282715,
0.5588726997375488,
0.18289154767990112,
0.863071858882904,
-0.7387086153030396,
0.5611461997032166,
0.18054598569869995,
0.11104212701320648,
-0.4623337388038635,
1.8352484703063965,
1.2110518217086792,
-0.... | [
1.6935136318206787,
0.4904510974884033,
1.5200070142745972,
0.11495580524206161,
0.2787688076496124,
1.0221754312515259,
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1.9286668300628662,
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0.9519084095954895,
0.04340393468737602,
0.8161943554878235,
0.9271458387374878,
1.... | W872461402 | Limitations |
Anthracycline resistance is known to be mediated by Pglycoprotein Pgp or multidrugresistance related protein MRP as well as intracellular sequestration of drugs. | {
"m": "Explaining keywords (also refer to Defining Terms)",
"s": "465.95"
} | [
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0.8621540665626526,
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1.4446139335632324,
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-0.8815450668334961,
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1.5217405557632446,
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... | [
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1.6472980976104736,
-0.6071025729179382,
0.5913534760475159,
0.3571353256702423,
-0... | W2012121129 | Keywords |
The resistance phenotype of doxorubicinselected MCF7DXR human breast adenocarcinoma cell line was characterized by cellular and nuclear daunorubicin efflux, Pgp and MRP expression and apoptosis induction. | {
"m": "Summarising the results section",
"s": "450.31"
} | [
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0.6290116310119629,
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1.2206202745437622,
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0.19140109419822693,
0... | [
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0.868331253528595,
-0.5477440357208252,
1.8875705003738403,
0.12673048675060272,
0.6... | W2012121129 | Result |
Daunorubicin sequestration was investigated through organelle markers lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus and daunorubicin colocalization by dualcolor image analysis fluorescence microscopy using high numerical aperture objective lenses to achieve the smallest field depth and the best lateral resolutio... | {
"m": "Indicating the methodology for the current research",
"s": "411.79"
} | [
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2.5893805027008057,
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... | [
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3.21915602684021,
0.25502464175224304,
-... | W2012121129 | Method |
Signal to noise and specificity ratios were optimized for daunorubicin and organelle fluorescent probes labeling. | {
"m": "Describing the process: adverbs of manner",
"s": "594.54"
} | [
-0.3864936828613281,
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0.9679725170135498,
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0.5120349526405334,
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2.5272600650787354,
-1.... | W2012121129 | Method |
An original image analysis procedure was developed to investigate daunorubicin and organelles colocalization. | {
"m": "Describing the research design and the methods used",
"s": "495.57"
} | [
0.3944055736064911,
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0.23605358600616455,
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0.4626244306564331,
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1.1930261850357056,
-0.04972831159830... | W2012121129 | Method |
The reliability of the image analysis was controlled through chromatic shift and intensity linearity measurement using calibrated microbeads. | {
"m": "Describing the process: adverbs of manner",
"s": "528.5"
} | [
1.0979688167572021,
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0.9335277080535889,
... | [
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0.8865481615066528,
-... | W2012121129 | Method |
The main contribution 65 of Golgi vesicles in daunorubicin sequestration was demonstrated. | {
"m": "Surveys and interviews: Reporting proportions",
"s": "489.14"
} | [
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... | [
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0.8137716054916382,
0... | W2012121129 | Method |
Although no rational relationship could be established between daunorubicin sequestration and apoptosis induction, no apoptosis was observed in MCF7DXR cells. | {
"m": "Acknowledging limitation(s) whilst stating a finding or contribution",
"s": "362.76"
} | [
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... | [
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0.8367550373077393,
0.89... | W2012121129 | Limitations |
In addition to Pglycoprotein mediated drug efflux and without MRP overexpression, MCF7DXR daunorubicin resistance phenotype involves drug sequestration within intracellular vesicles identified as Golgi vesicles and resistance to apoptosis induction. | {
"m": "Synthesising sources: supporting evidence or ideas",
"s": "573.1"
} | [
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... | [
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1.6009010076522827,
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2.7107961177825928,
0.9004503488540649,
... | W2012121129 | Result |
The suitability and effectiveness of whole body vibration WBV exercise in rehabilitation after injury of the anterior cruciate ligament ACL was studied using a specially designed WBV protocol. | {
"m": "Giving reasons why a particular method was adopted",
"s": "462.57"
} | [
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0.... | [
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0.8183386325836182,
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0.9684821367263794,
-0.033698178827762... | W136748859 | Purpose |
We wanted to test the hypothesis if WBV leads to superior short term results regarding neuromuscular performance strength and coordination and would be less time consuming than a current standard muscle strengthening protocol. | {
"m": "Stating the aims of the current research (note frequent use of past tense)",
"s": "539.33"
} | [
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1.081601858139038,
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-0.... | [
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0.01835678517818451,
1.0084737539291382,
2.5124709606170654,
1.9926865100860596,
0.8242183923721313... | W136748859 | Hypothesis |
In this prospective randomized controlled clinical trial, forty patients who tore their ACL and underwent subsequent ligament reconstruction were enrolled. | {
"m": "Setting out the research questions or hypotheses",
"s": "516.22"
} | [
0.31403282284736633,
1.057282567024231,
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... | [
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1.3994427919387817,
0.1917283684015274,
... | W136748859 | Aims |
Patients were randomized to the whole body vibration n20 or standard rehabilitation exercise protocol n20. | {
"m": "Describing the process: using + instrument",
"s": "442.87"
} | [
0.6537067890167236,
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... | [
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0.5494750142097473,
0.7585180997848511,
-0... | W136748859 | Method |
Both protocols started in the 2nd week after surgery. | {
"m": "Establishing the importance of the topic for the discipline: time frame given",
"s": "535.14"
} | [
0.3361711800098419,
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0.6003153324127197,
1.4871450662612915,
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1.2836308479309082,
1.8908367156982422,
0.575757205486297... | W136748859 | Importance |
Isometric and isokinetic strength measurements, clinical assessment, Lysholm score, neuromuscular performance were conducted weeks 2, 5, 8 and 11 after surgery. | {
"m": "Describing the process: sequence words",
"s": "452.52"
} | [
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0.21810626983642578,
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0.23500339686870575,
-1.1054279804229736... | [
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0.26546066999435425,
1.2363964319229126,
0.... | W136748859 | Method |
Time spent for rehabilitation exercise was reduced to less than a half in the WBV group. | {
"m": "Describing the process: typical verbs in the passive form",
"s": "498.53"
} | [
0.3687680661678314,
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0.48076027631759644,
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0.13758310675621033,
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-0.43003207445144653,... | [
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1.3754019737243652,
0.8386331796646118,
0.8102836608886719,
1.6457... | W136748859 | Method |
There were no statistically significant differences in terms of clinical assessment, Lysholm score, isokinetic and isometric strength. | {
"m": "Stating a negative result",
"s": "315.81"
} | [
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1.2278541326522827,
1.2901242971420288,
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... | W136748859 | Result |
The WBV group displayed significant better results in the stability test. | {
"m": "Reporting positive and negative reactions",
"s": "357.97"
} | [
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0.5125051736831665,
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0.9878248572349548,
1.0809382200241089,
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1.005961775779724... | [
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3.109457492828369,
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1.5425751209259033,
0.... | W136748859 | Result |
In conclusion, preliminary data indicate that our whole body vibration muscle exercise protocol seems to be a good alternative to a standard exercise program in ACLrehabilitation. | {
"m": "Indicating an expected outcome",
"s": "441.28"
} | [
1.3150053024291992,
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0.4668305516242981,
0.09428670257329941,
0.49332666397094727,
0.8426326513290405,... | [
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0.5287593603134155,
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1.0185456275939941,
0.9812924861907959,
0.8698089122772217,
0.3571993112564087,
1.71... | W136748859 | Hypothesis |
Despite of its significant reduced time requirement it is at least equally effective compared to a standard rehabilitation protocol. | {
"m": "Acknowledging limitation(s) whilst stating a finding or contribution",
"s": "362.99"
} | [
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2.18431... | W136748859 | Limitations |
Key pointsIn this prospective randomized controlled clinical trial, we tested the hypothesis if WBV leads to superior short term results regarding neuromuscular performance strength and coordination and would be less time consuming than a current standard muscle strengthening protocol in forty patients who underwent AC... | {
"m": "Referring back to the purpose of the paper or study",
"s": "551.06"
} | [
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0.9... | W136748859 | Purpose |
Time spent for rehabilitation exercise was reduced to less than a half in the WBV group as compared to the standard exercise group. | {
"m": "Reporting positive and negative reactions",
"s": "509.41"
} | [
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1.... | W136748859 | Result |
Both protocols showed no differences regarding clinical assessment, Lysholm score, isokinetic and isometric strength. | {
"m": "Reporting positive and negative reactions",
"s": "421.71"
} | [
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-0... | W136748859 | Result |
Despite a more than 50 reduction in time spent for exercise sessions, the WBV group achieved significant better results in the stability test. | {
"m": "Indicating an unexpected outcome",
"s": "373.0"
} | [
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1.02... | W136748859 | Result |