UniCo
Collection
Datasets and artifacts for training Universal Causal Reasoners. • 2 items • Updated
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{
"from": "human",
"value": "Given the following causal relationships among variables X0, X1, X2:\nX0 directly causes X2.\nX1 directly causes X2.\nThese are the only direct causal relationships in this world. No other causal relationships or unobserved factors exist.\n\nThe following probability relationshi... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Imagine a self-contained, hypothetical world with only the following conditions, and without any unmentioned factors or causal relationships:\nGiven the following causal graph among variables X0, X1, X2:\nX0 -> X1, X0 -> X2\n\nThe following probability relationships hold:\nP(X0 ... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Consider variables X0, X1, X2, where each variable is a function only of its direct causes (parents), listed below:\nX0 has parents: {X2}\nX1 has parents: {X0}\nX2 does not have any parent;\nThe parent sets listed above are exhaustive--each variable is affected only by its speci... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Given the following causal relationships among variables X0, X1, X2:\nX1 directly causes X0.\nX1 directly causes X2.\nX2 directly causes X0.\nThese are the only direct causal relationships in this world. No other causal relationships or unobserved factors exist.\n\nThe following... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Given the following causal relationships among variables X0, X1, X2:\nX1 directly causes X0.\nX1 directly causes X2.\nX2 directly causes X0.\nThese are the only direct causal relationships in this world. No other causal relationships or unobserved factors exist.\n\nThe following... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Consider variables X0, X1, X2, where each variable is a function only of its direct causes (parents), listed below:\nX0 does not have any parent;\nX1 has parents: {X0}\nX2 has parents: {X0}\nThe parent sets listed above are exhaustive--each variable is affected only by its speci... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Imagine a self-contained, hypothetical world with only the following conditions, and without any unmentioned factors or causal relationships:\nGiven the following causal graph among variables X0, X1, X2:\nX0 -> X1, X0 -> X2\n\nThe following probability relationships hold:\nP(X1 ... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Consider variables X0, X1, X2, where each variable is a function only of its direct causes (parents), listed below:\nX0 does not have any parent;\nX1 does not have any parent;\nX2 has parents: {X0, X1}\nThe parent sets listed above are exhaustive--each variable is affected only ... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Imagine a self-contained, hypothetical world with only the following conditions, and without any unmentioned factors or causal relationships:\nGiven the following causal graph among variables X0, X1, X2:\nX0 -> X2, X1 -> X2\n\nThe following probability relationships hold:\nP(X1 ... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Consider variables X0, X1, X2, where each variable is a function only of its direct causes (parents), listed below:\nX0 does not have any parent;\nX1 has parents: {X0}\nX2 has parents: {X0}\nThe parent sets listed above are exhaustive--each variable is affected only by its speci... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Consider variables X0, X1, X2, where each variable is a function only of its direct causes (parents), listed below:\nX0 has parents: {X2}\nX1 has parents: {X0}\nX2 does not have any parent;\nThe parent sets listed above are exhaustive--each variable is affected only by its speci... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Consider variables X0, X1, X2, where each variable is a function only of its direct causes (parents), listed below:\nX0 has parents: {X2}\nX1 has parents: {X0}\nX2 does not have any parent;\nThe parent sets listed above are exhaustive--each variable is affected only by its speci... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Given the following causal relationships among variables X0, X1, X2:\nX0 directly causes X2.\nX1 directly causes X2.\nThese are the only direct causal relationships in this world. No other causal relationships or unobserved factors exist.\n\nThe following probability relationshi... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Given the following causal relationships among variables X0, X1, X2:\nX0 directly causes X1.\nX0 directly causes X2.\nThese are the only direct causal relationships in this world. No other causal relationships or unobserved factors exist.\n\nThe following probability relationshi... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Imagine a self-contained, hypothetical world with only the following conditions, and without any unmentioned factors or causal relationships:\nGiven the following causal graph among variables X0, X1, X2:\nX1 -> X0, X1 -> X2, X2 -> X0\n\nThe following probability relationships ho... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Given the following causal relationships among variables X0, X1, X2:\nX0 directly causes X1.\nX0 directly causes X2.\nThese are the only direct causal relationships in this world. No other causal relationships or unobserved factors exist.\n\nThe following probability relationshi... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Imagine a self-contained, hypothetical world with only the following conditions, and without any unmentioned factors or causal relationships:\nGiven the following causal graph among variables X0, X1, X2:\nX0 -> X1, X0 -> X2\n\nThe following probability relationships hold:\nP(X1 ... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Given the following causal relationships among variables X0, X1, X2:\nX0 directly causes X1.\nX2 directly causes X0.\nThese are the only direct causal relationships in this world. No other causal relationships or unobserved factors exist.\n\nThe following probability relationshi... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Imagine a self-contained, hypothetical world with only the following conditions, and without any unmentioned factors or causal relationships:\nGiven the following causal graph among variables X0, X1, X2:\nX1 -> X0, X1 -> X2, X2 -> X0\n\nThe following probability relationships ho... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Imagine a self-contained, hypothetical world with only the following conditions, and without any unmentioned factors or causal relationships:\nGiven the following causal graph among variables X0, X1, X2:\nX0 -> X1, X0 -> X2\n\nThe following probability relationships hold:\nP(X1 ... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Given the following causal relationships among variables X0, X1, X2:\nX0 directly causes X1.\nX0 directly causes X2.\nThese are the only direct causal relationships in this world. No other causal relationships or unobserved factors exist.\n\nThe following probability relationshi... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Imagine a self-contained, hypothetical world with only the following conditions, and without any unmentioned factors or causal relationships:\nGiven the following causal graph among variables X0, X1, X2:\nX0 -> X1, X2 -> X0\n\nThe following probability relationships hold:\nP(X2 ... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Imagine a self-contained, hypothetical world with only the following conditions, and without any unmentioned factors or causal relationships:\nGiven the following causal graph among variables X0, X1, X2:\nX1 -> X0, X1 -> X2, X2 -> X0\n\nThe following probability relationships ho... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Given the following causal relationships among variables X0, X1, X2:\nX1 directly causes X0.\nX1 directly causes X2.\nX2 directly causes X0.\nThese are the only direct causal relationships in this world. No other causal relationships or unobserved factors exist.\n\nThe following... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Consider variables X0, X1, X2, where each variable is a function only of its direct causes (parents), listed below:\nX0 has parents: {X2}\nX1 has parents: {X0}\nX2 does not have any parent;\nThe parent sets listed above are exhaustive--each variable is affected only by its speci... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Given the following causal relationships among variables X0, X1, X2:\nX1 directly causes X0.\nX1 directly causes X2.\nX2 directly causes X0.\nThese are the only direct causal relationships in this world. No other causal relationships or unobserved factors exist.\n\nThe following... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Imagine a self-contained, hypothetical world with only the following conditions, and without any unmentioned factors or causal relationships:\nGiven the following causal graph among variables X0, X1, X2:\nX1 -> X0, X1 -> X2, X2 -> X0\n\nThe following probability relationships ho... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Consider variables X0, X1, X2, where each variable is a function only of its direct causes (parents), listed below:\nX0 does not have any parent;\nX1 has parents: {X0}\nX2 has parents: {X0}\nThe parent sets listed above are exhaustive--each variable is affected only by its speci... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Imagine a self-contained, hypothetical world with only the following conditions, and without any unmentioned factors or causal relationships:\nGiven the following causal graph among variables X0, X1, X2:\nX0 -> X1, X2 -> X0\n\nThe following probability relationships hold:\nP(X1 ... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Imagine a self-contained, hypothetical world with only the following conditions, and without any unmentioned factors or causal relationships:\nGiven the following causal graph among variables X0, X1, X2:\nX0 -> X1, X0 -> X2\n\nThe following probability relationships hold:\nP(X1 ... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Imagine a self-contained, hypothetical world with only the following conditions, and without any unmentioned factors or causal relationships:\nGiven the following causal graph among variables X0, X1, X2:\nX0 -> X1, X2 -> X0\n\nThe following probability relationships hold:\nP(X2 ... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Consider variables X0, X1, X2, where each variable is a function only of its direct causes (parents), listed below:\nX0 has parents: {X2}\nX1 has parents: {X0}\nX2 does not have any parent;\nThe parent sets listed above are exhaustive--each variable is affected only by its speci... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Consider variables X0, X1, X2, where each variable is a function only of its direct causes (parents), listed below:\nX0 has parents: {X1, X2}\nX1 does not have any parent;\nX2 has parents: {X1}\nThe parent sets listed above are exhaustive--each variable is affected only by its s... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Given the following causal relationships among variables X0, X1, X2:\nX0 directly causes X2.\nX1 directly causes X2.\nThese are the only direct causal relationships in this world. No other causal relationships or unobserved factors exist.\n\nThe following probability relationshi... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Given the following causal relationships among variables X0, X1, X2:\nX1 directly causes X0.\nX1 directly causes X2.\nX2 directly causes X0.\nThese are the only direct causal relationships in this world. No other causal relationships or unobserved factors exist.\n\nThe following... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Imagine a self-contained, hypothetical world with only the following conditions, and without any unmentioned factors or causal relationships:\nGiven the following causal graph among variables X0, X1, X2:\nX1 -> X0, X1 -> X2, X2 -> X0\n\nThe following probability relationships ho... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Imagine a self-contained, hypothetical world with only the following conditions, and without any unmentioned factors or causal relationships:\nGiven the following causal graph among variables X0, X1, X2:\nX0 -> X2, X1 -> X2\n\nThe following probability relationships hold:\nP(X0 ... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Given the following causal relationships among variables X0, X1, X2:\nX0 directly causes X1.\nX0 directly causes X2.\nThese are the only direct causal relationships in this world. No other causal relationships or unobserved factors exist.\n\nThe following probability relationshi... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Given the following causal relationships among variables X0, X1, X2:\nX0 directly causes X1.\nX2 directly causes X0.\nThese are the only direct causal relationships in this world. No other causal relationships or unobserved factors exist.\n\nThe following probability relationshi... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Consider variables X0, X1, X2, where each variable is a function only of its direct causes (parents), listed below:\nX0 has parents: {X2}\nX1 has parents: {X0}\nX2 does not have any parent;\nThe parent sets listed above are exhaustive--each variable is affected only by its speci... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Given the following causal relationships among variables X0, X1, X2, X3:\nX0 directly causes X3.\nX2 directly causes X0.\nX2 directly causes X1.\nX2 directly causes X3.\nX3 directly causes X1.\nThese are the only direct causal relationships in this world. No other causal relatio... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Imagine a self-contained, hypothetical world with only the following conditions, and without any unmentioned factors or causal relationships:\nGiven the following causal graph among variables X0, X1, X2, X3:\nX1 -> X0, X1 -> X2, X1 -> X3, X3 -> X0\n\nThe following probability re... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Consider variables X0, X1, X2, X3, where each variable is a function only of its direct causes (parents), listed below:\nX0 has parents: {X1}\nX1 does not have any parent;\nX2 has parents: {X1}\nX3 has parents: {X1}\nThe parent sets listed above are exhaustive--each variable is ... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Consider variables X0, X1, X2, X3, where each variable is a function only of its direct causes (parents), listed below:\nX0 has parents: {X1}\nX1 does not have any parent;\nX2 has parents: {X0, X3}\nX3 has parents: {X0}\nThe parent sets listed above are exhaustive--each variable... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Given the following causal relationships among variables X0, X1, X2, X3:\nX0 directly causes X1.\nX0 directly causes X3.\nX1 directly causes X3.\nX2 directly causes X0.\nX2 directly causes X1.\nThese are the only direct causal relationships in this world. No other causal relatio... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Given the following causal relationships among variables X0, X1, X2, X3:\nX2 directly causes X1.\nX2 directly causes X3.\nX3 directly causes X0.\nX3 directly causes X1.\nThese are the only direct causal relationships in this world. No other causal relationships or unobserved fac... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Given the following causal relationships among variables X0, X1, X2, X3:\nX0 directly causes X1.\nX2 directly causes X0.\nX2 directly causes X3.\nX3 directly causes X1.\nThese are the only direct causal relationships in this world. No other causal relationships or unobserved fac... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Imagine a self-contained, hypothetical world with only the following conditions, and without any unmentioned factors or causal relationships:\nGiven the following causal graph among variables X0, X1, X2, X3:\nX0 -> X1, X0 -> X3, X2 -> X1, X2 -> X3\n\nThe following probability re... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Imagine a self-contained, hypothetical world with only the following conditions, and without any unmentioned factors or causal relationships:\nGiven the following causal graph among variables X0, X1, X2, X3:\nX0 -> X1, X0 -> X3, X2 -> X1, X3 -> X2\n\nThe following probability re... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Consider variables X0, X1, X2, X3, where each variable is a function only of its direct causes (parents), listed below:\nX0 has parents: {X3}\nX1 has parents: {X2, X3}\nX2 does not have any parent;\nX3 has parents: {X2}\nThe parent sets listed above are exhaustive--each variable... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Consider variables X0, X1, X2, X3, where each variable is a function only of its direct causes (parents), listed below:\nX0 has parents: {X3}\nX1 does not have any parent;\nX2 does not have any parent;\nX3 has parents: {X1, X2}\nThe parent sets listed above are exhaustive--each ... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Imagine a self-contained, hypothetical world with only the following conditions, and without any unmentioned factors or causal relationships:\nGiven the following causal graph among variables X0, X1, X2, X3:\nX2 -> X0, X3 -> X1, X3 -> X2\n\nThe following probability relationship... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Consider variables X0, X1, X2, X3, where each variable is a function only of its direct causes (parents), listed below:\nX0 has parents: {X1}\nX1 does not have any parent;\nX2 has parents: {X0, X3}\nX3 has parents: {X0}\nThe parent sets listed above are exhaustive--each variable... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Given the following causal relationships among variables X0, X1, X2, X3:\nX0 directly causes X1.\nX3 directly causes X1.\nX3 directly causes X2.\nThese are the only direct causal relationships in this world. No other causal relationships or unobserved factors exist.\n\nThe follo... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Imagine a self-contained, hypothetical world with only the following conditions, and without any unmentioned factors or causal relationships:\nGiven the following causal graph among variables X0, X1, X2, X3:\nX0 -> X1, X0 -> X3, X2 -> X1, X3 -> X2\n\nThe following probability re... |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Imagine a self-contained, hypothetical world with only the following conditions, and without any unmentioned factors or causal relationships:\nGiven the following causal graph among variables X0, X1, X2, X3:\nX0 -> X1, X1 -> X2, X3 -> X2\n\nThe following probability relationship... |
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UniCo-Completions-SFT
This repository contains 66,603 SFT training examples generated by the UniCo framework, as introduced in our paper, "Towards a Universal Causal Reasoner". It spans 44 (representation form, query type) configurations, and is stored in the ShareGPT format.
For complete dataset construction details and metadata, please refer to another repo in this collection: ChicagoHAI/UniCo.
Response Curation
As described under in Appendix E of the original paper, responses of this dataset are curated with rejection sampling from an ensemble of Qwen3-32B, Olmo-3.1-32B-Instruct, and Qwen3.5-27B. For each question, each model is sampled with budget 2. If multiple sampled responses lead to the correct final answer, one correct response is selected at random; if none is correct, one sampled response is selected at random. Response lengths are capped to 100-8192 tokens to avoid abnormal reasoning trajectories.
Citation
Thank you for citing our work if you find it useful!
@article{dai2026towards,
title={Towards a Universal Causal Reasoner},
author={Dai, Qirun and Liu, Xiao and Zhang, Jiawei and Zhang, Dylan and Peng, Hao and Tan, Chenhao},
journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2605.24873},
year={2026}
}
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