id sequencelengths 1 1 | title sequencelengths 1 1 | paragraph stringlengths 151 3.78k | question sequencelengths 1 1 | answer sequencelengths 1 1 | sentence sequencelengths 1 1 | entity stringlengths 1 67 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[
"572ed1f3dfa6aa1500f8d413"
] | [
"Vacuum"
] | Vacuum is useful in a variety of processes and devices. Its first widespread use was in the incandescent light bulb to protect the filament from chemical degradation. The chemical inertness produced by a vacuum is also useful for electron beam welding, cold welding, vacuum packing and vacuum frying. Ultra-high vacuum i... | [
"Hight to ultra-high vacuums removes what obstruction?"
] | [
"obstruction of air,"
] | [
"High to ultra-high vacuum removes the obstruction of air, allowing particle beams to deposit or remove materials without contamination."
] | Vacuum |
[
"56e7756f00c9c71400d77156"
] | [
"National Archives and Records Administration"
] | The Office of the Federal Register publishes the Federal Register, Code of Federal Regulations, and United States Statutes at Large, among others. It also administers the Electoral College. | [
"Which office publishes the Code of Federal Regulations?"
] | [
"The Office of the Federal Register"
] | [
"The Office of the Federal Register publishes the Federal Register, Code of Federal Regulations, and United States Statutes at Large, among others."
] | Federal Regulations |
[
"572f1de804bcaa1900d7674f"
] | [
"Modern history"
] | The modern petroleum industry started in 1846 with the discovery of the process of refining kerosene from coal by Nova Scotian Abraham Pineo Gesner. Ignacy Lukasiewicz improved Gesner's method to develop a means of refining kerosene from the more readily available "rock oil" ("petr-oleum") seeps in 1852 and the first r... | [
"When did the modern petroleum industry start? "
] | [
"1846"
] | [
"The modern petroleum industry started in 1846 with the discovery of the process of refining kerosene from coal by Nova Scotian Abraham Pineo Gesner."
] | the modern petroleum industry |
[
"572e90ee03f98919007567b4"
] | [
"Elevator"
] | Elevator doors protect riders from falling into the shaft. The most common configuration is to have two panels that meet in the middle, and slide open laterally. In a cascading telescopic configuration (potentially allowing wider entryways within limited space), the doors roll on independent tracks so that while open, ... | [
"The single door is sometimes located where?"
] | [
"on the shaft way"
] | [
"Some buildings have elevators with the single door on the shaft way, and double cascading doors on the cab."
] | The single door |
[
"5728ba044b864d1900164cea"
] | [
"Mandolin"
] | The mandolin has been used occasionally in rock music, first appearing in the psychedelic era of the late 1960s. Levon Helm of The Band occasionally moved from his drum kit to play mandolin, most notably on Rag Mama Rag, Rockin' Chair, and Evangeline. Ian Anderson of Jethro Tull played mandolin on Fat Man, from their s... | [
"Tommy Shaw sang and played the mandolin in which Styx song?"
] | [
"Boat on the River"
] | [
"Styx released the song Boat on the River in 1980, which featured Tommy Shaw on vocals and mandolin."
] | Mandolin |
[
"571ddf15556973190063907e"
] | [
"Multiracial American"
] | After the American Revolutionary War, the number and proportion of free people of color increased markedly in the North and the South as slaves were freed. Most northern states abolished slavery, sometimes, like New York, in programs of gradual emancipation that took more than two decades to be completed. The last slav... | [
"What caused Quaker and Methodist preachers to want to free slaves?"
] | [
"Second Great Awakening"
] | [
"In connection with the Second Great Awakening, Quaker and Methodist preachers in the South urged slaveholders to free their slaves."
] | slaves |
[
"5727c9e62ca10214002d9640"
] | [
"Cork (city)"
] | The retail trade in Cork city includes a mix of both modern, state of the art shopping centres and family owned local shops. Department stores cater for all budgets, with expensive boutiques for one end of the market and high street stores also available. Shopping centres can be found in many of Cork's suburbs, includi... | [
"What types of retail offerings are found in Cork?"
] | [
"state of the art shopping centres and family owned local shops"
] | [
"The retail trade in Cork city includes a mix of both modern, state of the art shopping centres and family owned local shops."
] | Cork |
[
"5731870e497a881900248fb5"
] | [
"Muammar Gaddafi"
] | As the 20th century came to a close, Gaddafi increasingly rejected Arab nationalism, frustrated by the failure of his Pan-Arab ideals; instead he turned to Pan-Africanism, emphasising Libya's African identity. From 1997 to 2000, Libya initiated cooperative agreements or bilateral aid arrangements with 10 African states... | [
"What organization did Libya join in 1999?"
] | [
"Community of Sahel-Saharan States"
] | [
"From 1997 to 2000, Libya initiated cooperative agreements or bilateral aid arrangements with 10 African states, and in 1999 joined the Community of Sahel-Saharan States."
] | Libya |
[
"56fc36ad2603e7140040a01e"
] | [
"Phonology"
] | An influential school of phonology in the interwar period was the Prague school. One of its leading members was Prince Nikolai Trubetzkoy, whose Grundzuge der Phonologie (Principles of Phonology), published posthumously in 1939, is among the most important works in the field from this period. Directly influenced by Bau... | [
"What school was Trubetzkoy a member of?"
] | [
"the Prague school."
] | [
"An influential school of phonology in the interwar period was the Prague school. One of its leading members was Prince Nikolai Trubetzkoy, whose Grundzuge der Phonologie (Principles of Phonology), published posthumously in 1939, is among the most important works in the field from this period."
] | Trubetzkoy |
[
"5727ddbe4b864d1900163ed7"
] | [
"Galicia (Spain)"
] | Galicia is further divided into 53 comarcas, 315 municipalities (93 in A Coruna, 67 in Lugo, 92 in Ourense, 62 in Pontevedra) and 3,778 parishes. Municipalities are divided into parishes, which may be further divided into aldeas ("hamlets") or lugares ("places"). This traditional breakdown into such small areas is unus... | [
"How many of its numerous named locations are communities?"
] | [
"40,000"
] | [
"It is estimated that Galicia has over a million named places, over 40,000 of them being communities."
] | communities |
[
"57251e0e0ba9f01400d97c6a"
] | [
"Freemasonry"
] | Masonic lodges existed in Iraq as early as 1917, when the first lodge under the United Grand Lodge of England (UGLE) was opened. Nine lodges under UGLE existed by the 1950s, and a Scottish lodge was formed in 1923. However, the position changed following the revolution, and all lodges were forced to close in 1965. This... | [
"When were all the lodges in Iraq forced to close?"
] | [
"1965"
] | [
"However, the position changed following the revolution, and all lodges were forced to close in 1965."
] | Iraq |
[
"56f78c18a6d7ea1400e17254"
] | [
"Marshall Islands"
] | Spanish explorer Alonso de Salazar was the first European to see the islands in 1526, commanding the ship Santa Maria de la Victoria, the only surviving vessel of the Loaisa Expedition. On August 21, he sighted an island (probably Taongi) at 14degN that he named "San Bartolome". | [
"Which European first saw the Marshall Islands?"
] | [
"Alonso de Salazar"
] | [
"Spanish explorer Alonso de Salazar was the first European to see the islands in 1526, commanding the ship Santa Maria de la Victoria, the only surviving vessel of the Loaisa Expedition."
] | Marshall Islands |
[
"5729319b3f37b319004780de"
] | [
"United States presidential election, 2004"
] | By the January 2004 Iowa caucuses, the field had dwindled down to nine candidates, as Bob Graham had dropped out of the race. Howard Dean was a strong front-runner. However, the Iowa caucuses yielded unexpectedly strong results for Democratic candidates John Kerry, who earned 38% of the state's delegates and John Edwar... | [
"Preceding the Iowa caucuses, which candidates used naysaying tactics in their campaigning?"
] | [
"Dean and Gephardt"
] | [
"In the days leading up to the Iowa vote, there was much negative campaigning between the Dean and Gephardt camps."
] | the Iowa caucuses |
[
"572646a7708984140094c12e"
] | [
"Poultry"
] | It is widely agreed that the mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) is the ancestor of all breeds of domestic duck (with the exception of the Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata), which is not closely related to other ducks). Ducks are farmed mainly for their meat, eggs, and down. As is the case with chickens, various breeds have bee... | [
"What are the outcomes of the breeding of ducks for humans?"
] | [
"various breeds have been developed, selected for egg-laying ability, fast growth, and a well-covered carcase."
] | [
"As is the case with chickens, various breeds have been developed, selected for egg-laying ability, fast growth, and a well-covered carcase. The most common commercial breed in the United Kingdom and the United States is the Pekin duck, which can lay 200 eggs a year and can reach a weight of 3.5 kg (7.7 lb) in 44 d... | ducks |
[
"5726b83f5951b619008f7bbf"
] | [
"Norfolk Island"
] | It was announced on 19 March 2015 that self-governance for the island would be revoked by the Commonwealth and replaced by a local council with the state of New South Wales providing services to the island. A reason given was that the island had never gained self-sufficiency and was being heavily subsidised by the Comm... | [
"When did the Commonwealth of Australia announce that Norfolk Island would no longer be governed by itself?"
] | [
"19 March 2015"
] | [
"It was announced on 19 March 2015 that self-governance for the island would be revoked by the Commonwealth and replaced by a local council with the state of New South Wales providing services to the island."
] | the Commonwealth |
[
"57265492f1498d1400e8dc36"
] | [
"Queen (band)"
] | Before forming Queen, Brian May and Roger Taylor had played together in a band named Smile. Freddie Mercury (then known by his birth name of Farrokh "Freddie" Bulsara) was a fan of Smile and encouraged them to experiment with more elaborate stage and recording techniques. Mercury joined the band in 1970, suggested "Que... | [
"In what year did Freddie Mercury die?"
] | [
"1991"
] | [
"In 1991, Mercury died of bronchopneumonia, a complication of AIDS, and Deacon retired in 1997."
] | Freddie Mercury |
[
"572ea2e7dfa6aa1500f8d23a"
] | [
"Endangered Species Act"
] | During the listing process, economic factors cannot be considered, but must be " based solely on the best scientific and commercial data available." The 1982 amendment to the ESA added the word "solely" to prevent any consideration other than the biological status of the species. Congress rejected President Ronald Reag... | [
"What did Congress do to the Executive Order that would have included financial considerations as a factor for a species to be listed?"
] | [
"Congress rejected"
] | [
"Congress rejected President Ronald Reagan's Executive Order 12291 which required economic analysis of all government agency actions."
] | Congress |
[
"57266c3edd62a815002e8468"
] | [
"British Empire"
] | During the 1760s and early 1770s, relations between the Thirteen Colonies and Britain became increasingly strained, primarily because of resentment of the British Parliament's attempts to govern and tax American colonists without their consent. This was summarised at the time by the slogan "No taxation without represen... | [
"When did the US declare independence?"
] | [
"1776"
] | [
"The following year, in 1776, the United States declared independence."
] | independence |
[
"5729125daf94a219006aa02a"
] | [
"Insect"
] | Humans regard certain insects as pests, and attempt to control them using insecticides and a host of other techniques. Some insects damage crops by feeding on sap, leaves or fruits. A few parasitic species are pathogenic. Some insects perform complex ecological roles; blow-flies, for example, help consume carrion but a... | [
"Insects can damage crops by feeing on sap, fruits, or what?"
] | [
"leaves"
] | [
"Some insects damage crops by feeding on sap, leaves or fruits."
] | Insect |
[
"5726f9b0dd62a815002e96a5"
] | [
"Avicenna"
] | In 1980, the Soviet Union, which then ruled his birthplace Bukhara, celebrated the thousandth anniversary of Avicenna's birth by circulating various commemorative stamps with artistic illustrations, and by erecting a bust of Avicenna based on anthropological research by Soviet scholars.[citation needed] Near his birthp... | [
"In 1980, how many years had it been since Avicenna's birth?"
] | [
"thousand"
] | [
"In 1980, the Soviet Union, which then ruled his birthplace Bukhara, celebrated the thousandth anniversary of Avicenna's birth by circulating various commemorative stamps with artistic illustrations, and by erecting a bust of Avicenna based on anthropological research by Soviet scholars."
] | Avicenna's birth |
[
"56e02f6f7aa994140058e319"
] | [
"Saint Helena"
] | Between January and May 1673, the Dutch East India Company forcibly took the island, before English reinforcements restored English East India Company control. The company experienced difficulty attracting new immigrants, and sentiments of unrest and rebellion fomented among the inhabitants. Ecological problems, includ... | [
"What was the name of the governor who suggested relocating the population of Saint Helena?"
] | [
"Isaac Pyke"
] | [
"Ecological problems, including deforestation, soil erosion, vermin and drought, led Governor Isaac Pyke to suggest in 1715 that the population be moved to Mauritius, but this was not acted upon and the company continued to subsidise the community because of the island's strategic location."
] | the population |
[
"5727c17c3acd2414000debc5"
] | [
"New Haven, Connecticut"
] | When John DeStefano, Jr., became mayor of New Haven in 1995, he outlined a plan to transform the city into a major cultural and arts center in the Northeast, which involved investments in programs and projects other than sports franchises. As nearby Bridgeport built new sports facilities, the brutalist New Haven Colise... | [
"What 1995 mayor of New Haven sought to reinvent the area into a northeastern hub of art and culture?"
] | [
"John DeStefano, Jr."
] | [
"When John DeStefano, Jr., became mayor of New Haven in 1995, he outlined a plan to transform the city into a major cultural and arts center in the Northeast, which involved investments in programs and projects other than sports franchises."
] | New Haven |
[
"571115a5a58dae1900cd6bf2"
] | [
"Nintendo Entertainment System"
] | As the Nintendo Entertainment System grew in popularity and entered millions of American homes, some small video rental shops began buying their own copies of NES games, and renting them out to customers for around the same price as a video cassette rental for a few days. Nintendo received no profit from the practice b... | [
"Blockbuster was banned from including what with their games?"
] | [
"copyrighted instruction booklets"
] | [
"Blockbuster was banned from including original, copyrighted instruction booklets with their rented games."
] | Blockbuster |
[
"572808863acd2414000df2d7"
] | [
"Time"
] | The theory of special relativity finds a convenient formulation in Minkowski spacetime, a mathematical structure that combines three dimensions of space with a single dimension of time. In this formalism, distances in space can be measured by how long light takes to travel that distance, e.g., a light-year is a measure... | [
"What are two events in Minkowski spacetime separated by?"
] | [
"by an invariant interval"
] | [
"Two events in Minkowski spacetime are separated by an invariant interval, which can be either space-like, light-like, or time-like."
] | Time |
[
"57265f7e5951b619008f70e8"
] | [
"Napoleon"
] | He was moved to the Bureau of Topography of the Committee of Public Safety and sought unsuccessfully to be transferred to Constantinople in order to offer his services to the Sultan. During this period, he wrote the romantic novella Clisson et Eugenie, about a soldier and his lover, in a clear parallel to Bonaparte's o... | [
"In which department of the Committee of Public Safety did Napoleon serve?"
] | [
"the Bureau of Topography"
] | [
"He was moved to the Bureau of Topography of the Committee of Public Safety and sought unsuccessfully to be transferred to Constantinople in order to offer his services to the Sultan."
] | Napoleon |
[
"573437afd058e614000b6b2f"
] | [
"Tucson, Arizona"
] | For the past 25 years, the Tucson Folk Festival has taken place the first Saturday and Sunday of May in downtown Tucson's El Presidio Park. In addition to nationally known headline acts each evening, the Festival highlights over 100 local and regional musicians on five stages is one of the largest free festivals in the... | [
"Where is the Tucson Folk Festival held?"
] | [
"El Presidio Park"
] | [
"For the past 25 years, the Tucson Folk Festival has taken place the first Saturday and Sunday of May in downtown Tucson's El Presidio Park."
] | the Tucson Folk Festival |
[
"570ae2e74103511400d59ac0"
] | [
"Mesozoic"
] | The Triassic was generally dry, a trend that began in the late Carboniferous, and highly seasonal, especially in the interior of Pangaea. Low sea levels may have also exacerbated temperature extremes. With its high specific heat capacity, water acts as a temperature-stabilizing heat reservoir, and land areas near large... | [
"What was the general rainfall in the Triassic?"
] | [
"dry"
] | [
"The Triassic was generally dry, a trend that began in the late Carboniferous, and highly seasonal, especially in the interior of Pangaea."
] | the Triassic |
[
"573159bca5e9cc1400cdbee1"
] | [
"Mosaic"
] | Very few early Byzantine mosaics survived the Iconoclastic destruction of the 8th century. Among the rare examples are the 6th-century Christ in majesty (or Ezekiel's Vision) mosaic in the apse of the Church of Hosios David in Thessaloniki that was hidden behind mortar during those dangerous times. Nine mosaic panels i... | [
"What is common about the surviving mosaics from the 7th-9th centuries?"
] | [
"almost all represent Saint Demetrius"
] | [
"Unusually almost all represent Saint Demetrius of Thessaloniki, often with suppliants before him."
] | Mosaic |
[
"56d66b221c85041400947105"
] | [
"2008 Sichuan earthquake"
] | On May 12, 2009, China marked the first anniversary of the quake with a moment of silence as people across the nation remembered the dead. The government also opened access to the sealed ruins of the Beichuan county seat for three days, after which it will be frozen in time as a state earthquake relic museum, to remind... | [
"What kind of event were given to raise money for quake survivors?"
] | [
"several concerts"
] | [
"There were also several concerts across the country to raise money for the survivors of the quake."
] | money |
[
"56dfb89e7aa994140058e073"
] | [
"Pub"
] | In Europe, it is the provision of accommodation, if anything, that now distinguishes inns from taverns, alehouses and pubs. The latter tend to provide alcohol (and, in the UK, soft drinks and often food), but less commonly accommodation. Inns tend to be older and grander establishments: historically they provided not o... | [
"Aside from human beings, what creature's needs were traditionally seen to at inns?"
] | [
"horses"
] | [
"Inns tend to be older and grander establishments: historically they provided not only food and lodging, but also stabling and fodder for the traveller's horse(s) and on some roads fresh horses for the mail coach."
] | inns |
[
"570cef0dfed7b91900d45b09"
] | [
"Digestion"
] | Teeth (singular tooth) are small whitish structures found in the jaws (or mouths) of many vertebrates that are used to tear, scrape, milk and chew food. Teeth are not made of bone, but rather of tissues of varying density and hardness, such as enamel, dentine and cementum. Human teeth have a blood and nerve supply whic... | [
"What happens when you bite something you cant chew?"
] | [
"our teeth send a message to our brain and we realise that it cannot be chewed, so we stop trying."
] | [
"This is the ability of sensation when chewing, for example if we were to bite into something too hard for our teeth, such as a chipped plate mixed in food, our teeth send a message to our brain and we realise that it cannot be chewed, so we stop trying."
] | something |
[
"5726e2fcf1498d1400e8eea2"
] | [
"Chinese characters"
] | The use of such contractions is as old as Chinese characters themselves, and they have frequently been found in religious or ritual use. In the Oracle Bone script, personal names, ritual items, and even phrases such as Shou You (You ) shou you "receive blessings" are commonly contracted into single characters. A dramat... | [
"What have been constantly found in religious or ritual use?"
] | [
"Chinese characters"
] | [
"The use of such contractions is as old as Chinese characters themselves, and they have frequently been found in religious or ritual use."
] | religious or ritual use |
[
"57328a3b57eb1f1400fd2d94"
] | [
"Geological history of Earth"
] | The Earth of the early Archean (4,000 to 2,500 million years ago) may have had a different tectonic style. During this time, the Earth's crust cooled enough that rocks and continental plates began to form. Some scientists think because the Earth was hotter, that plate tectonic activity was more vigorous than it is toda... | [
"What do some believe accounts for the small amount of Archean rocks?"
] | [
"erosion and subsequent tectonic events"
] | [
"Others argue that the subcontinental lithospheric mantle is too buoyant to subduct and that the lack of Archean rocks is a function of erosion and subsequent tectonic events."
] | Archean rocks |
[
"571d3f925efbb31900334ef1"
] | [
"Pharmaceutical industry"
] | In March 2001, 40 multi-national pharmaceutical companies brought litigation against South Africa for its Medicines Act, which allowed the generic production of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) for treating HIV, despite the fact that these drugs were on-patent. HIV was and is an epidemic in South Africa, and ARVs at the tim... | [
"How many signatures were collected supporting public health rights?"
] | [
"250,000"
] | [
"After international protest in favour of public health rights (including the collection of 250,000 signatures by MSF), the governments of several developed countries (including The Netherlands, Germany, France, and later the US) backed the South African government, and the case was dropped in April of that year."
... | public health rights |
[
"57272081708984140094da2f"
] | [
"Capacitor"
] | In electric power distribution, capacitors are used for power factor correction. Such capacitors often come as three capacitors connected as a three phase load. Usually, the values of these capacitors are given not in farads but rather as a reactive power in volt-amperes reactive (var). The purpose is to counteract ind... | [
"How are power factor correction capacitors sometimes installed?"
] | [
"at a load center within a building"
] | [
"Individual motor or lamp loads may have capacitors for power factor correction, or larger sets of capacitors (usually with automatic switching devices) may be installed at a load center within a building or in a large utility substation."
] | Capacitor |
[
"57318511e6313a140071d00e"
] | [
"Indigenous peoples of the Americas"
] | Much of El Salvador was home to the Pipil, the Lenca, Xinca, and Kakawira. The Pipil lived in western El Salvador, spoke Nawat, and had many settlements there, most noticeably Cuzcatlan. The Pipil had no precious mineral resources, but they did have rich and fertile land that was good for farming. The Spaniards were di... | [
"What was the language of the Pipil?"
] | [
"Nawat"
] | [
"The Pipil lived in western El Salvador, spoke Nawat, and had many settlements there, most noticeably Cuzcatlan."
] | the Pipil |
[
"5730b8f5396df919000962d8"
] | [
"Sumer"
] | The Sumerians were one of the first known beer drinking societies. Cereals were plentiful and were the key ingredient in their early brew. They brewed multiple kinds of beer consisting of wheat, barley, and mixed grain beers. Beer brewing was very important to the Sumerians. It was referenced in the Epic of Gilgamesh w... | [
"What was Sumerians one of the first societies known to consume?"
] | [
"beer"
] | [
"The Sumerians were one of the first known beer drinking societies."
] | Sumer |
[
"57278be3dd62a815002e9ff4"
] | [
"Supreme court"
] | In Austria, the Austrian Constitution of 1920 (based on a draft by Hans Kelsen) introduced judicial review of legislative acts for their constitutionality. This function is performed by the Constitutional Court (Verfassungsgerichtshof), which is also charged with the review of administrative acts on whether they violat... | [
"The Supreme Court of Austria is known by what German name?"
] | [
"Oberste Gerichtshof (OGH)"
] | [
"The Supreme Court (Oberste Gerichtshof (OGH)), stands at the top of Austria's system of \"ordinary courts\" (ordentliche Gerichte) as the final instance in issues of private law and criminal law."
] | Supreme court |
[
"570967d5200fba1400367f64"
] | [
"Copper"
] | Compounds that contain a carbon-copper bond are known as organocopper compounds. They are very reactive towards oxygen to form copper(I) oxide and have many uses in chemistry. They are synthesized by treating copper(I) compounds with Grignard reagents, terminal alkynes or organolithium reagents; in particular, the last... | [
"What does organocopper compounds reactions toward oxygen form?"
] | [
"copper(I) oxide"
] | [
"They are very reactive towards oxygen to form copper(I) oxide and have many uses in chemistry."
] | Copper |
[
"5705e5c275f01819005e7719"
] | [
"New Delhi"
] | Soon Lutyens started considering other places. Indeed, the Delhi Town Planning Committee, set up to plan the new imperial capital, with George Swinton as chairman and John A. Brodie and Lutyens as members, submitted reports for both North and South sites. However, it was rejected by the Viceroy when the cost of acquiri... | [
"The Rajpath was also known by what name?"
] | [
"King's Way"
] | [
"The Rajpath, also known as King's Way, stretched from the India Gate to the Rashtrapati Bhawan."
] | The Rajpath |
[
"56d62b0f1c85041400946f60"
] | [
"2008 Sichuan earthquake"
] | The most precarious of these quake-lakes was the one located in the extremely difficult terrain at Mount Tangjia in Beichuan County, Sichuan, accessible only by foot or air; an Mi-26T heavy lift helicopter belonging to the China Flying Dragon Special Aviation Company was used to bring heavy earthmoving tractors to the ... | [
"Where is Mount Tangjia?"
] | [
"Beichuan County, Sichuan"
] | [
"The most precarious of these quake-lakes was the one located in the extremely difficult terrain at Mount Tangjia in Beichuan County, Sichuan, accessible only by foot or air; an Mi-26T heavy lift helicopter belonging to the China Flying Dragon Special Aviation Company was used to bring heavy earthmoving tractors to... | Mount Tangjia |
[
"56dc798714d3a41400c268d4"
] | [
"Comprehensive school"
] | Comprehensive schools were introduced into Ireland in 1966 by an initiative by Patrick Hillery, Minister for Education, to give a broader range of education compared to that of the vocational school system, which was then the only system of schools completely controlled by the state. Until then, education in Ireland wa... | [
"What type of school has surpassed comprehensive schools in Ireland?"
] | [
"community school"
] | [
"The comprehensive school system is still relatively small and to an extent has been superseded by the community school concept."
] | Comprehensive school |
[
"57325ab8e99e3014001e6702"
] | [
"Protestantism"
] | Democracy, social-contract theory, separation of powers, religious freedom, separation of church and state - these achievements of the Reformation and early Protestantism were elaborated on and popularized by Enlightenment thinkers. Some of the philosophers of the English, Scottish, German, and Swiss Enlightenment - Th... | [
"Whose ideas influenced the Declaration of Independence?"
] | [
"John Locke"
] | [
"For example, John Locke, whose political thought was based on \"a set of Protestant Christian assumptions\", derived the equality of all humans, including the equality of the genders (\"Adam and Eve\"), from Genesis 1, 26-28."
] | Independence |
[
"56e756e037bdd419002c3ea0"
] | [
"Royal Institute of British Architects"
] | The British Architectural Library, sometimes referred to as the RIBA Library, was established in 1834 upon the founding of the institute with donations from members. Now, with over four million items, it is one of the three largest architectural libraries in the world and the largest in Europe. Some items from the coll... | [
"When was the RIBA library founded?"
] | [
"1834"
] | [
"The British Architectural Library, sometimes referred to as the RIBA Library, was established in 1834 upon the founding of the institute with donations from members."
] | the RIBA library |
[
"57318b7605b4da19006bd283"
] | [
"University"
] | The university culture developed differently in northern Europe than it did in the south, although the northern (primarily Germany, France and Great Britain) and southern universities (primarily Italy) did have many elements in common. Latin was the language of the university, used for all texts, lectures, disputations... | [
"What type of degree was given out at a English university?"
] | [
"bachelor's degrees"
] | [
"English, French and German universities usually awarded bachelor's degrees, with the exception of degrees in theology, for which the doctorate was more common."
] | University |
[
"572664dd708984140094c4a3"
] | [
"Queen Victoria"
] | Though queen, as an unmarried young woman Victoria was required by social convention to live with her mother, despite their differences over the Kensington System and her mother's continued reliance on Conroy. Her mother was consigned to a remote apartment in Buckingham Palace, and Victoria often refused to see her. Wh... | [
"What could have allowed Victoria freedom from living with her mother?"
] | [
"marriage"
] | [
"When Victoria complained to Melbourne that her mother's close proximity promised \"torment for many years\", Melbourne sympathised but said it could be avoided by marriage, which Victoria called a \"schocking [sic] alternative\"."
] | her mother |
[
"570d66c6fed7b91900d45ff1"
] | [
"Valencia"
] | Valencia was founded as a Roman colony in 138 BC. The city is situated on the banks of the Turia, on the east coast of the Iberian Peninsula, fronting the Gulf of Valencia on the Mediterranean Sea. Its historic centre is one of the largest in Spain, with approximately 169 hectares; this heritage of ancient monuments, v... | [
"How big is Valencia's historic centre?"
] | [
"169 hectares"
] | [
"Its historic centre is one of the largest in Spain, with approximately 169 hectares; this heritage of ancient monuments, views and cultural attractions makes Valencia one of the country's most popular tourist destinations."
] | Valencia |
[
"56e799f200c9c71400d77366"
] | [
"University of Kansas"
] | KU football dates from 1890, and has played in the Orange Bowl three times: 1948, 1968, and 2008. They are currently coached by David Beaty, who was hired in 2014. In 2008, under the leadership of Mark Mangino, the #7 Jayhawks emerged victorious in their first BCS bowl game, the FedEx Orange Bowl, with a 24-21 victory ... | [
"How many times has the team from the University of Kansas appeared in the Orange Bowl?"
] | [
"three"
] | [
"KU football dates from 1890, and has played in the Orange Bowl three times: 1948, 1968, and 2008."
] | University of Kansas |
[
"572ec78cc246551400ce4650"
] | [
"Endangered Species Act"
] | According to research published in 1999 by Alan Green and the Center for Public Integrity (CPI), loopholes in the ESA are commonly exploited in the exotic pet trade. Although the legislation prohibits interstate and foreign transactions for list species, no provisions are made for in-state commerce, allowing these anim... | [
"Why are there not more arrests from undercover investigations of interstate wildlife commerce?"
] | [
"the US Fish and Wildlife Service revealed that the agency does not have sufficient staff to perform undercover investigations"
] | [
"Furthermore, an interview with an endangered species specialist at the US Fish and Wildlife Service revealed that the agency does not have sufficient staff to perform undercover investigations, which would catch these false \"donations\" and other mislabeled transactions."
] | undercover investigations |
[
"572933831d04691400779159"
] | [
"Race (human categorization)"
] | The concept of biological race has declined significantly in frequency of use in physical anthropology in the United States during the 20th century. A majority of physical anthropologists in the United States have rejected the concept of biological races. Since 1932, an increasing number of college textbooks introducin... | [
"What concept's use has declined significantly in the U.S. during the 20th century?"
] | [
"biological race"
] | [
"The concept of biological race has declined significantly in frequency of use in physical anthropology in the United States during the 20th century."
] | the 20th century |
[
"56e7460a00c9c71400d76f12"
] | [
"Paper"
] | The pulp papermaking process is said to have been developed in China during the early 2nd century AD, possibly as early as the year 105 A.D., by the Han court eunuch Cai Lun, although the earliest archaeological fragments of paper derive from the 2nd century BC in China. The modern pulp and paper industry is global, wi... | [
"What country is the second largest produced of paper?"
] | [
"United States"
] | [
"The modern pulp and paper industry is global, with China leading its production and the United States right behind it."
] | Paper |
[
"5709a923ed30961900e843d2"
] | [
"United States dollar"
] | Unlike the Spanish milled dollar the U.S. dollar is based upon a decimal system of values. In addition to the dollar the coinage act officially established monetary units of mill or one-thousandth of a dollar (symbol mil), cent or one-hundredth of a dollar (symbol C/), dime or one-tenth of a dollar, and eagle or ten do... | [
"How much was a union going to be worth as proposed in the 1800s?"
] | [
"one hundred dollars"
] | [
"It was proposed in the mid-1800s that one hundred dollars be known as a union, but no union coins were ever struck and only patterns for the $50 half union exist."
] | a union |
[
"572ff89f04bcaa1900d76f71"
] | [
"The Blitz"
] | On 15 September the Luftwaffe made two large daylight attacks on London along the Thames Estuary, targeting the docks and rail communications in the city. Its hope was to destroy its targets and draw the RAF into defending them, allowing the Luftwaffe to destroy their fighters in large numbers, thereby achieving an air... | [
"What was the reason to try and draw the RAF into a battle?"
] | [
"destroy their fighters in large numbers"
] | [
"Its hope was to destroy its targets and draw the RAF into defending them, allowing the Luftwaffe to destroy their fighters in large numbers, thereby achieving an air superiority."
] | the RAF |
[
"5733cc56d058e614000b62a2"
] | [
"Anthropology"
] | Applied Anthropology refers to the application of the method and theory of anthropology to the analysis and solution of practical problems. It is a, "complex of related, research-based, instrumental methods which produce change or stability in specific cultural systems through the provision of data, initiation of direc... | [
"What side of anthropology is applied anthropology?"
] | [
"the practical side"
] | [
"More simply, applied anthropology is the practical side of anthropological research; it includes researcher involvement and activism within the participating community."
] | Anthropology |
[
"56dc6ab714d3a41400c26885"
] | [
"Comprehensive school"
] | Finland has used comprehensive schools since the 1970s, in the sense that everyone is expected to complete the nine grades of peruskoulu, from the age 7 to 16. The division to lower comprehensive school (grades 1-6, ala-aste, alakoulu) and upper comprehensive school (grades 7-9, ylaaste, ylakoulu) has been discontinued... | [
"In what decade did Finland begin employing comprehensive schools?"
] | [
"1970s"
] | [
"Finland has used comprehensive schools since the 1970s, in the sense that everyone is expected to complete the nine grades of peruskoulu, from the age 7 to 16."
] | Comprehensive school |
[
"572f570b04bcaa1900d7685f"
] | [
"Central Intelligence Agency"
] | Lawrence Houston, head counsel of the SSU, CIG, and, later CIA, was a principle draftsman of the National Security Act of 1947 which dissolved the NIA and the CIG, and established both the National Security Council and the Central Intelligence Agency. In 1949, Houston would help draft the Central Intelligence Agency Ac... | [
"Lawrence Houston helped to draft what act in 1949?"
] | [
"Central Intelligence Agency Act"
] | [
"In 1949, Houston would help draft the Central Intelligence Agency Act, (Public law 81-110) which authorized the agency to use confidential fiscal and administrative procedures, and exempted it from most limitations on the use of Federal funds."
] | Lawrence Houston |
[
"570b1e4aec8fbc190045b83b"
] | [
"Videoconferencing"
] | Typical use of the various technologies described above include calling or conferencing on a one-on-one, one-to-many or many-to-many basis for personal, business, educational, deaf Video Relay Service and tele-medical, diagnostic and rehabilitative use or services. New services utilizing videocalling and videoconferenc... | [
"What profession utilizes videoconferencing technology to conduct online sessions?"
] | [
"teachers"
] | [
"New services utilizing videocalling and videoconferencing, such as teachers and psychologists conducting online sessions, personal videocalls to inmates incarcerated in penitentiaries, and videoconferencing to resolve airline engineering issues at maintenance facilities, are being created or evolving on an ongoing... | online sessions |
[
"573138f7a5e9cc1400cdbd3d"
] | [
"Qing dynasty"
] | The Qing forces were crushed by Wu from 1673-1674. The Qing had the support of the majority of Han Chinese soldiers and Han elite against the Three Feudatories, since they refused to join Wu Sangui in the revolt, while the Eight Banners and Manchu officers fared poorly against Wu Sangui, so the Qing responded with usin... | [
"When did Wu destroy the Qing armies?"
] | [
"1673-1674"
] | [
"The Qing forces were crushed by Wu from 1673-1674."
] | Wu |
[
"572785725951b619008f8c3b"
] | [
"New Haven, Connecticut"
] | New Haven is a predominantly Roman Catholic city, as the city's Dominican, Irish, Italian, Mexican, Ecuadorian, and Puerto Rican populations are overwhelmingly Catholic. The city is part of the Archdiocese of Hartford. Jews also make up a considerable portion of the population, as do Black Baptists. There is a growing ... | [
"What is the most prominent religion in New Haven?"
] | [
"Roman Catholic"
] | [
"New Haven is a predominantly Roman Catholic city, as the city's Dominican, Irish, Italian, Mexican, Ecuadorian, and Puerto Rican populations are overwhelmingly Catholic."
] | New Haven |
[
"57102005a58dae1900cd68c7"
] | [
"Sexual orientation"
] | Of all the questions on the scale, Sell considered those assessing sexual attraction to be the most important as sexual attraction is a better reflection of the concept of sexual orientation which he defined as "extent of sexual attractions toward members of the other, same, both sexes or neither" than either sexual id... | [
"Why did Sell consider the questions regarding sexual attraction the most important?"
] | [
"sexual attraction is a better reflection of the concept of sexual orientation"
] | [
"Of all the questions on the scale, Sell considered those assessing sexual attraction to be the most important as sexual attraction is a better reflection of the concept of sexual orientation which he defined as \"extent of sexual attractions toward members of the other, same, both sexes or neither\" than either se... | sexual attraction |
[
"56df6c5a56340a1900b29af7"
] | [
"Plymouth"
] | A 2014 profile by the National Health Service showed Plymouth had higher than average levels of poverty and deprivation (26.2% of population among the poorest 20.4% nationally). Life expectancy, at 78.3 years for men and 82.1 for women, was the lowest of any region in the South West of England. | [
"As of 2014, what was the life expectancy of male Plymouth residents?"
] | [
"78.3 years"
] | [
"Life expectancy, at 78.3 years for men and 82.1 for women, was the lowest of any region in the South West of England."
] | Plymouth |
[
"5726a0605951b619008f7829"
] | [
"Yale University"
] | Yale expanded gradually, establishing the Yale School of Medicine (1810), Yale Divinity School (1822), Yale Law School (1843), Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences (1847), the Sheffield Scientific School (1847), and the Yale School of Fine Arts (1869). In 1887, as the college continued to grow under the presidency... | [
"When was the Sheffield Scientific School created?"
] | [
"1847"
] | [
"Yale expanded gradually, establishing the Yale School of Medicine (1810), Yale Divinity School (1822), Yale Law School (1843), Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences (1847), the Sheffield Scientific School (1847), and the Yale School of Fine Arts (1869)."
] | the Sheffield Scientific School |
[
"56d36e2059d6e41400146386"
] | [
"American Idol"
] | The most popular contestants are usually not revealed in the results show. Instead, typically the three contestants (two in later rounds) who received the lowest number of votes are called to the center of the stage. One of these three is usually sent to safety; however the two remaining are not necessarily the bottom ... | [
"How many time can the judges save be used each season?"
] | [
"once"
] | [
"\"The save\" can only be used once, and only up through the top five."
] | the judges |
[
"56beb50f3aeaaa14008c9272"
] | [
"Beyonce"
] | Beyonce's vocal range spans four octaves. Jody Rosen highlights her tone and timbre as particularly distinctive, describing her voice as "one of the most compelling instruments in popular music". While another critic says she is a "Vocal acrobat, being able to sing long and complex melismas and vocal runs effortlessly,... | [
"Which era was credited to have influenced Beyonce's singing style by Jody Rosen?"
] | [
"hip hop"
] | [
"The Daily Mail calls Beyonce's voice \"versatile\", capable of exploring power ballads, soul, rock belting, operatic flourishes, and hip hop."
] | Jody Rosen |
[
"5726bcacf1498d1400e8e996"
] | [
"Napoleon"
] | Napoleon, expecting to win the war, delayed too long and lost this opportunity; by December the Allies had withdrawn the offer. When his back was to the wall in 1814 he tried to reopen peace negotiations on the basis of accepting the Frankfurt proposals. The Allies now had new, harsher terms that included the retreat o... | [
"In the new Allied peace proposal, what territory would France have been forced to surrender?"
] | [
"Belgium"
] | [
"The Allies now had new, harsher terms that included the retreat of France to its 1791 boundaries, which meant the loss of Belgium."
] | France |
[
"572b90bdbe1ee31400cb8443"
] | [
"Czech language"
] | In addition to a spoken standard and a closely related written standard, Czech has several regional dialects primarily used in rural areas by speakers less proficient in other dialects or standard Czech. During the second half of the twentieth century, Czech dialect use began to weaken. By the early 1990s dialect use w... | [
"How many regional dialects does Czech have?"
] | [
"several"
] | [
"In addition to a spoken standard and a closely related written standard, Czech has several regional dialects primarily used in rural areas by speakers less proficient in other dialects or standard Czech."
] | Czech |
[
"573045e2947a6a140053d38e"
] | [
"Swaziland"
] | The considerable spending did not lead to more growth and did not benefit the poor. Much of the increased spending has gone to current expenditures related to wages, transfers, and subsidies. The wage bill today constitutes over 15% of GDP and 55% of total public spending; these are some of the highest levels on the Af... | [
"What amount of total public spending in Swaziland is going to wages?"
] | [
"55%"
] | [
"The wage bill today constitutes over 15% of GDP and 55% of total public spending; these are some of the highest levels on the African continent."
] | total public spending |
[
"571a328b4faf5e1900b8a909"
] | [
"Multiracial American"
] | After a lengthy period of formal racial segregation in the former Confederacy following the Reconstruction Era, and bans on interracial marriage in various parts of the country, more people are openly forming interracial unions. In addition, social conditions have changed and many multiracial people do not believe it i... | [
"What is the effect of there no longer being a stigma on interracial marriage?"
] | [
"more people are openly forming interracial unions"
] | [
"After a lengthy period of formal racial segregation in the former Confederacy following the Reconstruction Era, and bans on interracial marriage in various parts of the country, more people are openly forming interracial unions."
] | interracial marriage |
[
"57359eeae853931400426a73"
] | [
"Kathmandu"
] | Eventually, the Licchavi ruler Gunakamadeva merged Koligram and Dakshin Koligram, founding the city of Kathmandu. The city was designed in the shape of Chandrahrasa, the sword of Manjushri. The city was surrounded by eight barracks guarded by Ajimas. One of these barracks is still in use at Bhadrakali (in front of Sing... | [
"How many barracks guarded ancient Kathmandu?"
] | [
"eight"
] | [
"The city was surrounded by eight barracks guarded by Ajimas."
] | Kathmandu |
[
"570dfbd20b85d914000d7c57"
] | [
"Antarctica"
] | Meteorites from Antarctica are an important area of study of material formed early in the solar system; most are thought to come from asteroids, but some may have originated on larger planets. The first meteorite was found in 1912, and named the Adelie Land meteorite. In 1969, a Japanese expedition discovered nine mete... | [
"What astronomical study is important research for Antarctica?"
] | [
"Meteorites"
] | [
"Meteorites from Antarctica are an important area of study of material formed early in the solar system; most are thought to come from asteroids, but some may have originated on larger planets."
] | Antarctica |
[
"5727c293ff5b5019007d9489"
] | [
"Exhibition game"
] | However, from 1971 to 1975, NBA teams played preseason exhibitions against American Basketball Association teams. In the early days of the NBA, league clubs sometimes challenged the legendary barnstorming Harlem Globetrotters, with mixed success. The NBA has played preseason games in Europe and Asia. In the 2006 and 20... | [
"How many preseason games were NBA teams limited to in the 2011-12 season?"
] | [
"two"
] | [
"[citation needed] In the 1998-99 and 2011-12 seasons, teams were limited to only two preseason games due to lockouts."
] | NBA teams |
[
"57316982a5e9cc1400cdbf2c"
] | [
"Egypt"
] | Most of Egypt's rain falls in the winter months. South of Cairo, rainfall averages only around 2 to 5 mm (0.1 to 0.2 in) per year and at intervals of many years. On a very thin strip of the northern coast the rainfall can be as high as 410 mm (16.1 in), mostly between October and March. Snow falls on Sinai's mountains ... | [
"What is the sunniest county in the world?"
] | [
"Egypt"
] | [
"Egypt is the driest and the sunniest country in the world, and most of its land surface is desert."
] | the world |
[
"56bed5983aeaaa14008c94f5"
] | [
"Beyonce"
] | In December, Beyonce along with a variety of other celebrities teamed up and produced a video campaign for "Demand A Plan", a bipartisan effort by a group of 950 US mayors and others designed to influence the federal government into rethinking its gun control laws, following the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting. B... | [
"Beyonce is contributing to which food-donation campaign?"
] | [
"Miss a Meal"
] | [
"Beyonce is also taking part in \"Miss a Meal\", a food-donation campaign, and supporting Goodwill charity through online charity auctions at Charitybuzz that support job creation throughout Europe and the U.S."
] | Beyonce |
[
"56dcedee9a695914005b9499"
] | [
"Republic of the Congo"
] | Pascal Lissouba, who became Congo's first elected president (1992-1997) during the period of multi-party democracy, attempted to implement economic reforms with IMF backing to liberalise the economy. In June 1996 the IMF approved a three-year SDR69.5m (US$100m) enhanced structural adjustment facility (ESAF) and was on ... | [
"Who supported the measures of liberalisation Lissouba tried to employ to reform the economy?"
] | [
"IMF"
] | [
"Pascal Lissouba, who became Congo's first elected president (1992-1997) during the period of multi-party democracy, attempted to implement economic reforms with IMF backing to liberalise the economy."
] | the economy |
[
"5706265075f01819005e79f6"
] | [
"Immunology"
] | The study of the molecular and cellular components that comprise the immune system, including their function and interaction, is the central science of immunology. The immune system has been divided into a more primitive innate immune system and, in vertebrates, an acquired or adaptive immune system. The latter is furt... | [
"What is the basic, primitive part of the immune system known as?"
] | [
"innate immune system"
] | [
"The immune system has been divided into a more primitive innate immune system and, in vertebrates, an acquired or adaptive immune system."
] | the immune system |
[
"572a3b543f37b319004787ef"
] | [
"New Haven, Connecticut"
] | New Haven's greatest culinary claim to fame may be its pizza, which has been claimed to be among the best in the country, or even in the world. New Haven-style pizza, called "apizza" (pronounced ah-BEETS, [a'pitts] in the original Italian dialect), made its debut at the iconic Frank Pepe Pizzeria Napoletana (known as P... | [
"New Haven, in terms of food is best known for what?"
] | [
"pizza"
] | [
"New Haven's greatest culinary claim to fame may be its pizza, which has been claimed to be among the best in the country, or even in the world."
] | New Haven |
[
"5727d0282ca10214002d972d"
] | [
"Oklahoma"
] | With 39,000 acres (158 km2), the Tallgrass Prairie Preserve in north-central Oklahoma is the largest protected area of tallgrass prairie in the world and is part of an ecosystem that encompasses only 10 percent of its former land area, once covering 14 states. In addition, the Black Kettle National Grassland covers 31,... | [
"How many states were originally covered by the Tallgrass Prairie Preserve?"
] | [
"14"
] | [
"With 39,000 acres (158 km2), the Tallgrass Prairie Preserve in north-central Oklahoma is the largest protected area of tallgrass prairie in the world and is part of an ecosystem that encompasses only 10 percent of its former land area, once covering 14 states."
] | the Tallgrass Prairie Preserve |
[
"572ff7df947a6a140053cea2"
] | [
"Iran"
] | The earliest archaeological artifacts in Iran, like those excavated at the Kashafrud and Ganj Par sites, attest to a human presence in Iran since the Lower Paleolithic era, c. 800,000-200,000 BC. Iran's Neanderthal artifacts from the Middle Paleolithic period, c. 200,000-40,000 BC, have been found mainly in the Zagros ... | [
"How long ago were the earliest artifacts from that were evidence of humans in Iran?"
] | [
"the Lower Paleolithic era, c. 800,000-200,000 BC"
] | [
"The earliest archaeological artifacts in Iran, like those excavated at the Kashafrud and Ganj Par sites, attest to a human presence in Iran since the Lower Paleolithic era, c. 800,000-200,000 BC."
] | Iran |
[
"5719c87910f8ca1400304e67"
] | [
"Seattle"
] | The name "Seattle" appears on official Washington Territory papers dated May 23, 1853, when the first plats for the village were filed. In 1855, nominal land settlements were established. On January 14, 1865, the Legislature of Territorial Washington incorporated the Town of Seattle with a board of trustees managing th... | [
"At what date was Seattle incorporated as a town?"
] | [
"January 14, 1865"
] | [
"On January 14, 1865, the Legislature of Territorial Washington incorporated the Town of Seattle with a board of trustees managing the city."
] | Seattle |
[
"570fdf9d80d9841400ab36ee"
] | [
"Dell"
] | Despite plans of expanding into other global regions and product segments, Dell was heavily dependent on U.S. corporate PC market, as desktop PCs sold to both commercial and corporate customers accounted for 32 percent of its revenue, 85 percent of its revenue comes from businesses, and Sixty-four percent of its revenu... | [
"What percentage of Dell's profits were desktop PCs being sold to commercial and corporate buyers?"
] | [
"32 percent"
] | [
"Despite plans of expanding into other global regions and product segments, Dell was heavily dependent on U.S. corporate PC market, as desktop PCs sold to both commercial and corporate customers accounted for 32 percent of its revenue, 85 percent of its revenue comes from businesses, and Sixty-four percent of its r... | desktop PCs |
[
"56db779ee7c41114004b5164"
] | [
"2008 Summer Olympics torch relay"
] | Some Western media have reported on Chinese accusations of Western media bias. The Daily Telegraph published an opinion piece by the Chinese ambassador to the United Kingdom, Fu Ying, who accused Western media of "demonising" China during their coverage of the torch relays. The Telegraph also asked its readers to send ... | [
"Who was the Chinese ambassador to the U.K.?"
] | [
"Fu Ying"
] | [
"The Daily Telegraph published an opinion piece by the Chinese ambassador to the United Kingdom, Fu Ying, who accused Western media of \"demonising\" China during their coverage of the torch relays."
] | the Chinese ambassador |
[
"570a3a0e6d058f1900182d03"
] | [
"Beer"
] | In 1516, William IV, Duke of Bavaria, adopted the Reinheitsgebot (purity law), perhaps the oldest food-quality regulation still in use in the 21st century, according to which the only allowed ingredients of beer are water, hops and barley-malt. Beer produced before the Industrial Revolution continued to be made and sol... | [
"What was the title of William IV in 1516?"
] | [
"Duke of Bavaria"
] | [
"In 1516, William IV, Duke of Bavaria, adopted the Reinheitsgebot (purity law), perhaps the oldest food-quality regulation still in use in the 21st century, according to which the only allowed ingredients of beer are water, hops and barley-malt."
] | William IV |
[
"56de05334396321400ee2553"
] | [
"Iranian languages"
] | The Western family includes Parthian (Arsacid Pahlavi) and Middle Persian, while Bactrian, Sogdian, Khwarezmian, Saka, and Old Ossetic (Scytho-Sarmatian) fall under the Eastern category. The two languages of the Western group were linguistically very close to each other, but quite distinct from their eastern counterpar... | [
"Which language bears a resemblance to the diversity of eastern Iranian languages?"
] | [
"Avestan"
] | [
"On the other hand, the Eastern group was an areal entity whose languages retained some similarity to Avestan."
] | Iranian languages |
[
"56fdf3c119033b140034cdff"
] | [
"Computer"
] | A general purpose computer has four main components: the arithmetic logic unit (ALU), the control unit, the memory, and the input and output devices (collectively termed I/O). These parts are interconnected by buses, often made of groups of wires. | [
"Besides the ALU, input and output devices, what are the other two main components of a computer?"
] | [
"the control unit, the memory"
] | [
"A general purpose computer has four main components: the arithmetic logic unit (ALU), the control unit, the memory, and the input and output devices (collectively termed I/O)."
] | output devices |
[
"570c5109b3d812140066d0d7"
] | [
"John, King of England"
] | Baronial unrest in England prevented the departure of the planned 1205 expedition, and only a smaller force under William Longespee deployed to Poitou. In 1206 John departed for Poitou himself, but was forced to divert south to counter a threat to Gascony from Alfonso VIII of Castile. After a successful campaign agains... | [
"Why did John divert south?"
] | [
"to counter a threat to Gascony from Alfonso VIII of Castile"
] | [
"In 1206 John departed for Poitou himself, but was forced to divert south to counter a threat to Gascony from Alfonso VIII of Castile."
] | John |
[
"56fa254bf34c681400b0bfde"
] | [
"Wood"
] | It is not only the proportion of latewood, but also its quality, that counts. In specimens that show a very large proportion of latewood it may be noticeably more porous and weigh considerably less than the latewood in pieces that contain but little. One can judge comparative density, and therefore to some extent stren... | [
"What could we call some specimens with a high proportion of latewood that explains why they weigh less than specimens with much less latewood?"
] | [
"porous"
] | [
"In specimens that show a very large proportion of latewood it may be noticeably more porous and weigh considerably less than the latewood in pieces that contain but little."
] | Wood |
[
"57284a1b4b864d19001648ca"
] | [
"LaserDisc"
] | Another advantage, at least to some consumers, was the lack of any sort of anti-piracy technology. It was claimed that Macrovision's Copyguard protection could not be applied to LaserDisc, due to the format's design. The vertical blanking interval, where the Macrovision signal would be implemented, was also used for th... | [
"What was the vertical blanking interval used for in LaserDiscs, preventing Macrovision signal to be implemented?"
] | [
"internal timing"
] | [
"The vertical blanking interval, where the Macrovision signal would be implemented, was also used for the internal timing on LaserDisc players, so test discs with Macrovision would not play at all."
] | the vertical blanking interval |
[
"5727c707ff5b5019007d94ea"
] | [
"USB"
] | High-speed USB 2.0 hubs contain devices called transaction translators that convert between high-speed USB 2.0 buses and full and low speed buses. When a high-speed USB 2.0 hub is plugged into a high-speed USB host or hub, it operates in high-speed mode. The USB hub then uses either one transaction translator per hub t... | [
"What do transaction translators do?"
] | [
"convert between high-speed USB 2.0 buses and full and low speed buses"
] | [
"High-speed USB 2.0 hubs contain devices called transaction translators that convert between high-speed USB 2.0 buses and full and low speed buses."
] | transaction translators |
[
"5706534d75f01819005e7b50"
] | [
"MP3"
] | In the past, many organizations have claimed ownership of patents related to MP3 decoding or encoding. These claims led to a number of legal threats and actions from a variety of sources. As a result, uncertainty about which patents must be licensed in order to create MP3 products without committing patent infringement... | [
"What has many organizations claiming ownership of patents related to aspects of MP3 led to?"
] | [
"legal threats"
] | [
"These claims led to a number of legal threats and actions from a variety of sources."
] | MP3 |
[
"570c46e9fed7b91900d4581d"
] | [
"Melbourne"
] | Melbourne (/'melb@rn/, AU i/'melb@n/) is the capital and most populous city in the Australian state of Victoria, and the second most populous city in Australia and Oceania. The name "Melbourne" refers to the area of urban agglomeration (as well as a census statistical division) spanning 9,900 km2 (3,800 sq mi) which co... | [
"Where is the Metropolis?"
] | [
"large natural bay of Port Phillip"
] | [
"The metropolis is located on the large natural bay of Port Phillip and expands into the hinterlands towards the Dandenong and Macedon mountain ranges, Mornington Peninsula and Yarra Valley."
] | the Metropolis |
[
"56e82c3737bdd419002c448c"
] | [
"Dialect"
] | The situation in Switzerland and Liechtenstein is different from the rest of the German-speaking countries. The Swiss German dialects are the default everyday language in virtually every situation, whereas standard German is seldom spoken. Some Swiss German speakers perceive standard German to be a foreign language. | [
"What dialect of German is spoken in Switzerland?"
] | [
"Swiss German"
] | [
"The Swiss German dialects are the default everyday language in virtually every situation, whereas standard German is seldom spoken."
] | Switzerland |
[
"56e7620600c9c71400d7705e"
] | [
"Royal Institute of British Architects"
] | In 2004, the two institutions created the Architecture Gallery (Room 128) at the V&A showing artefacts from the collections of both institutions, this was the first permanent gallery devoted to architecture in the UK. The adjacent Architecture Exhibition Space (Room 128a) is used for temporary displays related to archi... | [
"In what space at the V&A is the Architecture Gallery located?"
] | [
"Room 128"
] | [
"In 2004, the two institutions created the Architecture Gallery (Room 128) at the V&A showing artefacts from the collections of both institutions, this was the first permanent gallery devoted to architecture in the UK."
] | the Architecture Gallery |
[
"5728ab5aff5b5019007da400"
] | [
"Mandolin"
] | The Sydney Mandolins (Artistic Director: Adrian Hooper) have contributed greatly to the repertoire through commissioning over 200 works by Australian and International composers. Most of these works have been released on Compact Disks and can regularly be heard on radio stations on the ABC and MBS networks. One of thei... | [
"Who is the director of the Sydney Mandolins?"
] | [
"Adrian Hooper"
] | [
"The Sydney Mandolins (Artistic Director: Adrian Hooper) have contributed greatly to the repertoire through commissioning over 200 works by Australian and International composers."
] | the Sydney Mandolins |
[
"56f961049b226e1400dd13ec"
] | [
"Marshall Islands"
] | Legislative power lies with the Nitijela. The upper house of Parliament, called the Council of Iroij, is an advisory body comprising twelve tribal chiefs. The executive branch consists of the President and the Presidential Cabinet, which consists of ten ministers appointed by the President with the approval of the Niti... | [
"How many electoral districts exist in the Marshall Islands?"
] | [
"twenty-four"
] | [
"The twenty-four electoral districts into which the country is divided correspond to the inhabited islands and atolls."
] | the Marshall Islands |
[
"57265844708984140094c337"
] | [
"Greece"
] | Greece's foreign policy is conducted through the Ministry for Foreign Affairs and its head, the Minister for Foreign Affairs. The current minister is Nikos Kotzias. According to the official website, the main aims of the Ministry for Foreign Affairs are to represent Greece before other states and international organiza... | [
"Who is the head for Greece's foreign policy?"
] | [
"Minister for Foreign Affairs"
] | [
"Greece's foreign policy is conducted through the Ministry for Foreign Affairs and its head, the Minister for Foreign Affairs."
] | Greece's foreign policy |
[
"56d4ee342ccc5a1400d8336d"
] | [
"Beyonce"
] | Beyonce has worked with Tommy Hilfiger for the fragrances True Star (singing a cover version of "Wishing on a Star") and True Star Gold; she also promoted Emporio Armani's Diamonds fragrance in 2007. Beyonce launched her first official fragrance, Heat in 2010. The commercial, which featured the 1956 song "Fever", was s... | [
"Which Emporio Armani fragrance did Beyonce promote in 2007?"
] | [
"Diamonds"
] | [
"Beyonce has worked with Tommy Hilfiger for the fragrances True Star (singing a cover version of \"Wishing on a Star\") and True Star Gold; she also promoted Emporio Armani's Diamonds fragrance in 2007."
] | Beyonce |
[
"56df149d3277331400b4d964"
] | [
"Sony Music Entertainment"
] | In 1960, Columbia/CBS began negotiations with its main international distributor Philips Records with the goal of CBS starting its own global record company. Philips' acquisition of Mercury Records in the US in 1961 paved the way for this. CBS only had the rights to the Columbia name in North America; therefore the int... | [
"Who acquired Mercury Records (US)?"
] | [
"Philips Records"
] | [
"In 1960, Columbia/CBS began negotiations with its main international distributor Philips Records with the goal of CBS starting its own global record company."
] | Mercury Records |
[
"57302e1c947a6a140053d224"
] | [
"Santa Monica, California"
] | Santa Monica has a bike action plan and recently launched a Bicycle sharing system in November 2015. The city is traversed by the Marvin Braude Bike Trail. Santa Monica has received the Bicycle Friendly Community Award (Bronze in 2009, Silver in 2013) by the League of American Bicyclists. Local bicycle advocacy organiz... | [
"What plan launched a Bicycle sharing system?"
] | [
"bike action"
] | [
"Santa Monica has a bike action plan and recently launched a Bicycle sharing system in November 2015."
] | a Bicycle sharing system |
[
"572662b9708984140094c470"
] | [
"Freemasonry"
] | Regularity is a concept based on adherence to Masonic Landmarks, the basic membership requirements, tenets and rituals of the craft. Each Grand Lodge sets its own definition of what these landmarks are, and thus what is Regular and what is Irregular (and the definitions do not necessarily agree between Grand Lodges). E... | [
"Is each definition of regularity the same throughout all Masonic Lodges?"
] | [
"Each Grand Lodge sets its own definition"
] | [
"Each Grand Lodge sets its own definition of what these landmarks are, and thus what is Regular and what is Irregular (and the definitions do not necessarily agree between Grand Lodges)."
] | regularity |
[
"56d28b0659d6e41400146066"
] | [
"Buddhism"
] | Formal membership varies between communities, but basic lay adherence is often defined in terms of a traditional formula in which the practitioner takes refuge in The Three Jewels: the Buddha, the Dharma (the teachings of the Buddha), and the Sangha (the Buddhist community). At the present time, the teachings of all th... | [
"New forms of Buddhism are created because of what reason?"
] | [
"Modern influences"
] | [
"Modern influences increasingly lead to new forms of Buddhism that significantly depart from traditional beliefs and practices."
] | Buddhism |
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