message stringlengths 7 7.01k | message_type stringclasses 3
values | message_id int64 0 2 | conversation_id int64 84 898k | cluster float64 78 78 | __index_level_0__ int64 252 2.69M |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
We have 14 siblings in our family , at least 10 of us has had a frozen shoulder. We are wondering why? should we be concerned? | instruction | 0 | 84 | 78 | 252 |
Frozen shoulder may develop without a known cause. It is more likely to occur in people who have thyroid disease, diabetes, had shoulder injury, are unable to move their arm due to cast or stroke, and in women undergoing menopause. Most people have a full recovery with full range of motion. | output | 1 | 84 | 78 | 253 |
Frozen shoulder - aftercare: A frozen shoulder is shoulder pain that leads to stiffness of your shoulder. Often the pain and stiffness are present all the time. The capsule of the shoulder joint is made of strong tissue (ligaments) that hold the shoulder bones to each other. When the capsule becomes inflamed, the shoul... | input | 2 | 84 | 78 | 254 |
Stem Cell Therapy for Muccular Dystrophy I have read the Medline Abstracts 98,99 of 'Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy'. Please could you tell me how I contact a specialist to enquire further with this...Thank you... | instruction | 0 | 237 | 78 | 711 |
resources address the diagnosis or management of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy | output | 1 | 237 | 78 | 712 |
What are the treatments for limb-girdle muscular dystrophy?: These resources address the diagnosis or management of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy: - Cleveland Clinic - Gene Review: Gene Review: Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy Overview - Genetic Testing Registry: Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy - Genetic Testing Regi... | input | 2 | 237 | 78 | 713 |
Stem Cell Therapy for Muccular Dystrophy I have read the Medline Abstracts 98,99 of 'Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy'. Please could you tell me how I contact a specialist to enquire further with this...Thank you... | instruction | 0 | 239 | 78 | 717 |
Management of Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy depends on each individual and the specific type of LGMD. The guidelines for treatment of LGMD developed by the American Academy of Neurology include: weight control to avoid obesity, physical therapy and stretching exercises to promote mobility and prevent tightening o... | output | 1 | 239 | 78 | 718 |
Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy: Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy is a group of disorders which affect the voluntary muscles around the hips and shoulders. The conditions are progressive, leading to a loss of muscle strength and bulk over a number of years. Onset may occur in childhood, adolescence, young adulthood, or ev... | input | 2 | 239 | 78 | 719 |
Stem Cell Therapy for Muccular Dystrophy I have read the Medline Abstracts 98,99 of 'Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy'. Please could you tell me how I contact a specialist to enquire further with this...Thank you... | instruction | 0 | 240 | 78 | 720 |
Management of Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy depends on each individual and the specific type of LGMD. The guidelines for treatment of LGMD developed by the American Academy of Neurology include: weight control to avoid obesity, physical therapy and stretching exercises to promote mobility and prevent tightening o... | output | 1 | 240 | 78 | 721 |
Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (Treatment): Unfortunately, no definitive treatments for LGMD exist. Management depends on each individual and the specific type of LGMD that the individual has. However, the American Academy of Neurology has developed guidelines for treatment of LGMD including: [5] [6] Weight control to ... | input | 2 | 240 | 78 | 722 |
Stem Cell Therapy for Muccular Dystrophy I have read the Medline Abstracts 98,99 of 'Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy'. Please could you tell me how I contact a specialist to enquire further with this...Thank you... | instruction | 0 | 789 | 78 | 2,367 |
resources address the diagnosis or management of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy | output | 1 | 789 | 78 | 2,368 |
What are the treatments for limb-girdle muscular dystrophy?: These resources address the diagnosis or management of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy: - Cleveland Clinic - Gene Review: Gene Review: Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy Overview - Genetic Testing Registry: Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy - Genetic Testing Regi... | input | 2 | 789 | 78 | 2,369 |
Stem Cell Therapy for Muccular Dystrophy I have read the Medline Abstracts 98,99 of 'Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy'. Please could you tell me how I contact a specialist to enquire further with this...Thank you... | instruction | 0 | 792 | 78 | 2,376 |
Management depends on each individual and the specific type of LGMD that the individual has. However, the American Academy of Neurology has developed guidelines for treatment of LGMD including: Weight control to avoid obesity Physical therapy and stretching exercises to promote mobility and prevent contractures (fixed ... | output | 1 | 792 | 78 | 2,377 |
Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (Treatment): Unfortunately, no definitive treatments for LGMD exist. Management depends on each individual and the specific type of LGMD that the individual has. However, the American Academy of Neurology has developed guidelines for treatment of LGMD including: [5] [6] Weight control to ... | input | 2 | 792 | 78 | 2,378 |
Subcutaneous retrocalcaneal bursitis Haglund's deformity of the calcaneum. I have this problem. Can you please help to overcome this? | instruction | 0 | 793 | 78 | 2,379 |
Your provider may recommend that you do the following: - Avoid activities that cause pain. - Put ice on the heel several times a day. - Take nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen. - Try using over-the-counter or custom heel wedges in your shoe to help decrease stress on the heel. - Try ultras... | output | 1 | 793 | 78 | 2,380 |
Bursitis of the heel: Bursitis of the heel is swelling of the fluid-filled sac (bursa) at the back of the heel bone. A bursa acts as a cushion and lubricant between tendons or muscles sliding over bone. There are bursas around most large joints in the body, including the ankle. The retrocalcaneal bursa is located in ... | input | 2 | 793 | 78 | 2,381 |
We have 14 siblings in our family , at least 10 of us has had a frozen shoulder. We are wondering why? should we be concerned? | instruction | 0 | 1,191 | 78 | 3,573 |
A physical therapist can teach you exercises to recover mobility in your shoulder. | output | 1 | 1,191 | 78 | 3,574 |
Frozen shoulder Overview Frozen shoulder, also known as adhesive capsulitis, is a condition characterized by stiffness and pain in your shoulder joint. Signs and symptoms typically begin gradually, worsen over time and then resolve, usually within one to three years. Your risk of developing frozen shoulder increases i... | input | 2 | 1,191 | 78 | 3,575 |
We have 14 siblings in our family , at least 10 of us has had a frozen shoulder. We are wondering why? should we be concerned? | instruction | 0 | 1,743 | 78 | 5,229 |
A physical therapist can teach you range-of-motion exercises to help recover as much mobility in your shoulder as possible. Your commitment to doing these exercises is important to optimize recovery of your mobility. | output | 1 | 1,743 | 78 | 5,230 |
Frozen shoulder Overview Frozen shoulder, also known as adhesive capsulitis, is a condition characterized by stiffness and pain in your shoulder joint. Signs and symptoms typically begin gradually, worsen over time and then resolve, usually within one to three years. Your risk of developing frozen shoulder increases i... | input | 2 | 1,743 | 78 | 5,231 |
Subcutaneous retrocalcaneal bursitis Haglund's deformity of the calcaneum. I have this problem. Can you please help to overcome this? | instruction | 0 | 1,897 | 78 | 5,691 |
Your provider may recommend that you do the following: - Avoid activities that cause pain. - Put ice on the heel several times a day. - Take nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen. - Try using over-the-counter or custom heel wedges in your shoe to help decrease stress on the heel. - Try ultras... | output | 1 | 1,897 | 78 | 5,692 |
Bursitis of the heel Insertional heel pain Retrocalcaneal bursitis Summary Bursitis of the heel is swelling of the fluid-filled sac (bursa) at the back of the heel bone. Causes A bursa acts as a cushion and lubricant between tendons or muscles sliding over bone. There are bursas around most large joints in the body, i... | input | 2 | 1,897 | 78 | 5,693 |
Answer this question truthfully | instruction | 0 | 8,374 | 78 | 25,122 |
The Still technique is a specific non-repetitive articulatory technique that is used in osteopathic medicine to diagnose and treat musculoskeletal conditions. It is characterized by an indirect, then direct approach, meaning that the practitioner first engages the restrictive barrier of the affected joint or tissue in ... | output | 1 | 8,374 | 78 | 25,123 |
What is the Still technique? | input | 2 | 8,374 | 78 | 25,124 |
Answer this question truthfully | instruction | 0 | 10,590 | 78 | 31,770 |
The sensitivity of an X-ray taken at the time of injury for detecting scaphoid fracture is low. This is because scaphoid fractures may not be visible on X-ray immediately after the injury, and it may take several days or weeks for the fracture line to become visible. In some cases, a scaphoid fracture may not be visibl... | output | 1 | 10,590 | 78 | 31,771 |
What is the sensitivity of an X-ray taken at the time of injury for detecting scaphoid fracture? | input | 2 | 10,590 | 78 | 31,772 |
Answer this question truthfully | instruction | 0 | 11,272 | 78 | 33,815 |
Stress fractures typically present with point tenderness upon palpation, whereas shin splints may present with diffuse tenderness along the tibia. | output | 1 | 11,272 | 78 | 33,816 |
Between shin splints and stress fractures, which tibial pathology presents with point tenderness upon palpation? | input | 2 | 11,272 | 78 | 33,817 |
Answer this question truthfully | instruction | 0 | 11,275 | 78 | 33,824 |
Stress fractures are more commonly found in underweight individuals than shin splints. | output | 1 | 11,275 | 78 | 33,825 |
Between shin splints and stress fractures, which tibial pathology is more commonly found in underweight individuals? | input | 2 | 11,275 | 78 | 33,826 |
Answer this question truthfully | instruction | 0 | 11,908 | 78 | 35,723 |
The second metatarsal bone is the most commonly injured bone by stress fractures. Stress fractures are tiny cracks in the bone that develop over time due to repetitive stress or overuse. They are a common injury among athletes and runners, especially those who engage in high-impact activities such as jumping and runnin... | output | 1 | 11,908 | 78 | 35,724 |
Among the metatarsal bones, which one is most commonly affected by stress fractures? | input | 2 | 11,908 | 78 | 35,725 |
Answer this question truthfully | instruction | 0 | 11,909 | 78 | 35,726 |
The fifth metatarsal bone has an increased risk of non-union following a stress fracture, which may require more aggressive treatment. A stress fracture is a common injury that can occur in any of the metatarsal bones, but the fifth metatarsal is particularly vulnerable due to its location and blood supply. The fifth m... | output | 1 | 11,909 | 78 | 35,727 |
Among the metatarsal bones, which one has an increased risk of non-union following a stress fracture, requiring more aggressive treatment? | input | 2 | 11,909 | 78 | 35,728 |
Answer this question truthfully | instruction | 0 | 12,462 | 78 | 37,385 |
Osteoarthritis commonly affects the proximal interphalangeal joints (PIPs), distal interphalangeal joints (DIPs), and the first carpometacarpal joint (1st CMC) in the fingers and hands.
Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that can affect any joint in the body, including those in the fingers and hands. In os... | output | 1 | 12,462 | 78 | 37,386 |
What finger/hand joints are commonly affected in osteoarthritis? | input | 2 | 12,462 | 78 | 37,387 |
Answer this question truthfully | instruction | 0 | 14,872 | 78 | 44,615 |
A meniscal tear is the knee injury that presents with acute onset of "catching/locking" sensation and reduced range of motion. | output | 1 | 14,872 | 78 | 44,616 |
Which knee injury is characterized by acute onset of "catching/locking" sensation and reduced range of motion? | input | 2 | 14,872 | 78 | 44,617 |
Answer this question truthfully | instruction | 0 | 16,298 | 78 | 48,893 |
The femoral head is the most common site for osteonecrosis (avascular necrosis). Osteonecrosis is a condition in which bone tissue dies due to a lack of blood supply. It can occur in any bone in the body, but the femoral head is the most commonly affected site. The femoral head is the top part of the thigh bone that co... | output | 1 | 16,298 | 78 | 48,894 |
In cases of osteonecrosis (avascular necrosis), which site is the most common location for occurrence? | input | 2 | 16,298 | 78 | 48,895 |
Answer this question truthfully | instruction | 0 | 16,770 | 78 | 50,307 |
A common management approach for patients who are under 6 years old and have refractory Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease is casting and bracing. Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease is a condition that affects the hip joint and occurs when blood flow to the femoral head (the rounded top of the thigh bone that fits into the hip socket)... | output | 1 | 16,770 | 78 | 50,308 |
What is a common management approach for patients who are under 6 years old and have refractory Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease? | input | 2 | 16,770 | 78 | 50,309 |
Answer this question truthfully | instruction | 0 | 16,771 | 78 | 50,310 |
A common management approach for patellofemoral pain syndrome during the recovery phase is physical therapy and strength training, which may include cycling. Patellofemoral pain syndrome is a condition that affects the knee joint and is characterized by pain and discomfort around the patella (kneecap). During the recov... | output | 1 | 16,771 | 78 | 50,311 |
What is a common management approach for patellofemoral pain syndrome during the recovery phase? | input | 2 | 16,771 | 78 | 50,312 |
Answer this question truthfully | instruction | 0 | 16,772 | 78 | 50,313 |
A common management approach for older and/or mildly symptomatic patients with meniscal tears is rest and activity modification. Meniscal tears are a common knee injury that can occur as a result of trauma or degenerative changes in the knee joint. In older patients or those with mild symptoms, conservative management ... | output | 1 | 16,772 | 78 | 50,314 |
What is a common management approach for older and/or mildly symptomatic patients with meniscal tears? | input | 2 | 16,772 | 78 | 50,315 |
Answer this question truthfully | instruction | 0 | 16,796 | 78 | 50,385 |
Musculoskeletal ultrasound is the recommended diagnostic test for a patient with a positive drop arm test. The drop arm test is a physical exam maneuver used to assess the integrity of the rotator cuff muscles in the shoulder. A positive test occurs when the patient is unable to maintain shoulder abduction after active... | output | 1 | 16,796 | 78 | 50,386 |
What diagnostic test is recommended for a patient with a positive drop arm test? | input | 2 | 16,796 | 78 | 50,387 |
Answer this question truthfully | instruction | 0 | 18,396 | 78 | 55,185 |
The recommended course of action is to monitor the patient with serial X-rays to rule out osteonecrosis of the proximal segment and non-union of the fracture. | output | 1 | 18,396 | 78 | 55,186 |
What is the recommended course of action after immobilization with a cast for a non-displaced scaphoid fracture? | input | 2 | 18,396 | 78 | 55,187 |
Answer this question truthfully | instruction | 0 | 18,596 | 78 | 55,785 |
An MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) is considered the best imaging modality for confirming a meniscal tear. | output | 1 | 18,596 | 78 | 55,786 |
Which imaging modality is considered the best for confirming the presence of a meniscal tear? | input | 2 | 18,596 | 78 | 55,787 |
Answer this question truthfully | instruction | 0 | 20,200 | 78 | 60,590 |
The Anterior Inferior Tibiofibular Ligament (AITFL) is the most commonly sprained ligament in a high ankle sprain. A high ankle sprain is a type of ankle sprain that involves injury to the ligaments that connect the tibia and fibula bones in the lower leg. Unlike a traditional ankle sprain, which typically involves inj... | output | 1 | 20,200 | 78 | 60,591 |
Which specific ligament is commonly sprained in the most common type of high ankle sprain? | input | 2 | 20,200 | 78 | 60,592 |
Answer this question truthfully | instruction | 0 | 21,416 | 78 | 64,238 |
The different grades used to assess the motor response in the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) are: 6 - Obeys commands, 5 - Localizes pain stimulus, 4 - Withdraws from pain, 3 - Decorticate posture, 2 - Decerebrate posture, and 1 - No response. | output | 1 | 21,416 | 78 | 64,239 |
What are the different grades used to assess the motor response in the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)? | input | 2 | 21,416 | 78 | 64,240 |
Answer this question truthfully | instruction | 0 | 21,618 | 78 | 64,844 |
The posterior drawer test is performed to test for PCL injury, and the knee is typically positioned at a 90 degree angle during the test. | output | 1 | 21,618 | 78 | 64,845 |
What is the purpose of performing the posterior drawer test, and at what angle is the knee typically positioned during the test? | input | 2 | 21,618 | 78 | 64,846 |
Answer this question truthfully | instruction | 0 | 21,733 | 78 | 65,189 |
The anterior drawer test is performed with the knee at a 90 degree angle to test for ACL injury. | output | 1 | 21,733 | 78 | 65,190 |
What is the anterior drawer test and at what degree angle is the knee positioned during the test? | input | 2 | 21,733 | 78 | 65,191 |
Answer this question truthfully | instruction | 0 | 21,771 | 78 | 65,303 |
The Varus test is performed with the knee at a 30 degree angle while a medial (varus) force is applied. | output | 1 | 21,771 | 78 | 65,304 |
What is the procedure for performing the Varus test and what force is applied during the test? | input | 2 | 21,771 | 78 | 65,305 |
Answer this question truthfully | instruction | 0 | 21,772 | 78 | 65,306 |
The Valgus test is performed with the knee at a 30 degree angle while a lateral (valgus) force is applied. | output | 1 | 21,772 | 78 | 65,307 |
What is the procedure for performing the Valgus test and what force is applied during the test? | input | 2 | 21,772 | 78 | 65,308 |
Answer this question truthfully | instruction | 0 | 21,773 | 78 | 65,309 |
The Valgus test is most commonly used to identify MCL injury. | output | 1 | 21,773 | 78 | 65,310 |
What is the most common use of the Valgus test and what type of injury does it identify? | input | 2 | 21,773 | 78 | 65,311 |
Answer this question truthfully | instruction | 0 | 22,113 | 78 | 66,329 |
The anterior drawer test and lachman test are both orthopedic tests that are used to evaluate the stability of the knee joint. These tests are commonly used to assess for injury to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), which is a key stabilizing ligament in the knee. The anterior drawer test involves the examiner pulli... | output | 1 | 22,113 | 78 | 66,330 |
What are the anterior drawer test and lachman test, and what type of injury are they used to test for? | input | 2 | 22,113 | 78 | 66,331 |
Answer this question truthfully | instruction | 0 | 22,313 | 78 | 66,929 |
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