SentenceTransformer based on sentence-transformers/paraphrase-multilingual-mpnet-base-v2

This is a sentence-transformers model finetuned from sentence-transformers/paraphrase-multilingual-mpnet-base-v2. It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 768-dimensional dense vector space and can be used for semantic textual similarity, semantic search, paraphrase mining, text classification, clustering, and more.

Model Details

Model Description

Model Type: Sentence Transformer
Base model: sentence-transformers/paraphrase-multilingual-mpnet-base-v2
Maximum Sequence Length: 512 tokens
Output Dimensionality: 768 dimensions
Similarity Function: Cosine Similarity

Model Sources

Documentation: Sentence Transformers Documentation
Repository: Sentence Transformers on GitHub
Hugging Face: Sentence Transformers on Hugging Face

Full Model Architecture

SentenceTransformer(
  (0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 512, 'do_lower_case': False}) with Transformer model: XLMRobertaModel 
  (1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 768, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': True, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_weightedmean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_lasttoken': False, 'include_prompt': True})
)

Usage

Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)

First install the Sentence Transformers library:

pip install -U sentence-transformers

Then you can load this model and run inference.

from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer

# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = SentenceTransformer("sentence_transformers_model_id")
# Run inference
sentences = [
    '<s>herir is the refined Context related to the entity russia after analyzing its actions and involvement in the Given Article rusia Violated international law by invading ukraine disregarding the principle of sovereignty and territorial integrity enshrined in the un charter thi aggression has led to prolonged conflict that cannot be resolved through negotiations or diplomacy Alone Russia actions have been characterized aggression Violence and exploitation by ukrainian president volodymyr zelensky Who has called global action to force russia to comply with the un charter thi context Aligns with the role definition of individuals or groups initiating conflict often seen the primaryr Cause of tension and discord</s><s></s><s>anger</s><s>disgust</s>',
    'Entities from other nations or regions creating geopolitical tension and acting against the interests of another country. They are often depicted as threats to national security. This is mostly in politics, not in CC.',
    ': Individuals or groups initiating conflict, often seen as the primary cause of tension and discord. They may provoke violence or unrest.',
]
embeddings = model.encode(sentences)
print(embeddings.shape)
# [3, 768]

# Get the similarity scores for the embeddings
similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings)
print(similarities.shape)
# [3, 3]

Training Details

Training Dataset

Unnamed Dataset

Size: 16,964 training samples
Columns: sentence_0, sentence_1, and sentence_2

Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:

	sentence_0	sentence_1	sentence_2
type	string	string	string
details	min: 6 tokens mean: 104.84 tokens max: 327 tokens	min: 31 tokens mean: 49.21 tokens max: 97 tokens	min: 31 tokens mean: 47.28 tokens max: 97 tokens

Samples:

sentence_0	sentence_1	sentence_2
the entity has been involved in various actions and Events that align With the role of tyrants and corrupt officials who abuse their power ruling unjustly and oppressing those under their control specifically russia Military intervention in ukraine its annexation of crimea and its support separatist groups in eastern ukraine demonstrate patternr of Authoritarian Rule and exploitation additionally russia actions have been characterized by lack of transparency and accountability with allegations of human rights abuses and Suppression of dissenting voice thi behavior is consistent with the role of tyrants and corrupt officials who abuse their power to Maintain control and Suppress oppositionangerdisgustfear	`Heroes or guardians who protect values or communities, ensuring safety and upholding justice. They often take on roles such as law enforcement officers, soldiers, or community leaders`	`Martyrs or saviors who sacrifice their well-being, or even their lives, for a greater good or cause. These individuals are often celebrated for their selflessness and dedication. This is mostly in politics, not in CC.`
`herir is the refined Context related to the entity context indicate that ukraine defense has been Supported by india in manner that has been ongoing over year thi support has been provided despitir russia opposition and it is alleged that Weapons have been sent to ukraine through european route Which has raised concerns About india compliance With international Laws regulating arms exportanticipationfear`	`Entities who are considered unlikely to succeed due to their disadvantaged position but strive against greater forces and obstacles. Their stories often inspire others.`	`Rebels, revolutionaries, or freedom fighters who challenge the status quo and fight for significant change or liberation from oppression. They are often seen as champions of justice and freedom.`
russia president putinr issued Warning that the red line must not be crossed referring to potential further Military action in Ukraine he Emphasized that any escalation Would have severir Consequences and stressed the need restraint on All side his Statement Came after Meeting With top security officials Where they Discussed strategies countering nato expansion into eastern europe and defending russian interest putinr also emphasized the importance of maintaining strategic stability in the region particularly given the recent buildup of Military force Along The border With ukraine he warned that any attempt to encroach on Russia sovereignty or territorial integrity Would be met With swift and decisive actionanticipationoptimism	`Entities from other nations or regions creating geopolitical tension and acting against the interests of another country. They are often depicted as threats to national security. This is mostly in politics, not in CC.`	`Individuals accused of hostility or discrimination against specific groups. This includes entities committing acts falling under racism, sexism, homophobia, Antisemitism, Islamophobia, or any kind of hate speech. This is mostly in politics, not in CC.`

Loss: TripletLoss with these parameters:

{
    "distance_metric": "TripletDistanceMetric.EUCLIDEAN",
    "triplet_margin": 5
}

Training Hyperparameters

Non-Default Hyperparameters

num_train_epochs: 6
multi_dataset_batch_sampler: round_robin

All Hyperparameters

Click to expand

overwrite_output_dir: False
do_predict: False
eval_strategy: no
prediction_loss_only: True
per_device_train_batch_size: 8
per_device_eval_batch_size: 8
per_gpu_train_batch_size: None
per_gpu_eval_batch_size: None
gradient_accumulation_steps: 1
eval_accumulation_steps: None
torch_empty_cache_steps: None
learning_rate: 5e-05
weight_decay: 0.0
adam_beta1: 0.9
adam_beta2: 0.999
adam_epsilon: 1e-08
max_grad_norm: 1
num_train_epochs: 6
max_steps: -1
lr_scheduler_type: linear
lr_scheduler_kwargs: {}
warmup_ratio: 0.0
warmup_steps: 0
log_level: passive
log_level_replica: warning
log_on_each_node: True
logging_nan_inf_filter: True
save_safetensors: True
save_on_each_node: False
save_only_model: False
restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint: False
no_cuda: False
use_cpu: False
use_mps_device: False
seed: 42
data_seed: None
jit_mode_eval: False
use_ipex: False
bf16: False
fp16: False
fp16_opt_level: O1
half_precision_backend: auto
bf16_full_eval: False
fp16_full_eval: False
tf32: None
local_rank: 0
ddp_backend: None
tpu_num_cores: None
tpu_metrics_debug: False
debug: []
dataloader_drop_last: False
dataloader_num_workers: 0
dataloader_prefetch_factor: None
past_index: -1
disable_tqdm: False
remove_unused_columns: True
label_names: None
load_best_model_at_end: False
ignore_data_skip: False
fsdp: []
fsdp_min_num_params: 0
fsdp_config: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}
fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap: None
accelerator_config: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
deepspeed: None
label_smoothing_factor: 0.0
optim: adamw_torch
optim_args: None
adafactor: False
group_by_length: False
length_column_name: length
ddp_find_unused_parameters: None
ddp_bucket_cap_mb: None
ddp_broadcast_buffers: False
dataloader_pin_memory: True
dataloader_persistent_workers: False
skip_memory_metrics: True
use_legacy_prediction_loop: False
push_to_hub: False
resume_from_checkpoint: None
hub_model_id: None
hub_strategy: every_save
hub_private_repo: None
hub_always_push: False
gradient_checkpointing: False
gradient_checkpointing_kwargs: None
include_inputs_for_metrics: False
include_for_metrics: []
eval_do_concat_batches: True
fp16_backend: auto
push_to_hub_model_id: None
push_to_hub_organization: None
mp_parameters:
auto_find_batch_size: False
full_determinism: False
torchdynamo: None
ray_scope: last
ddp_timeout: 1800
torch_compile: False
torch_compile_backend: None
torch_compile_mode: None
dispatch_batches: None
split_batches: None
include_tokens_per_second: False
include_num_input_tokens_seen: False
neftune_noise_alpha: None
optim_target_modules: None
batch_eval_metrics: False
eval_on_start: False
use_liger_kernel: False
eval_use_gather_object: False
average_tokens_across_devices: False
prompts: None
batch_sampler: batch_sampler
multi_dataset_batch_sampler: round_robin

Training Logs

Epoch	Step	Training Loss
0.2357	500	4.5473
0.4715	1000	2.5359
0.7072	1500	2.2468
0.9430	2000	1.9783
1.1787	2500	1.8315
1.4144	3000	1.8298
1.6502	3500	1.682
1.8859	4000	1.5649
2.1216	4500	1.5579
2.3574	5000	1.4128
2.5931	5500	1.2549
2.8289	6000	1.181
3.0646	6500	1.0095
3.3003	7000	0.9564
3.5361	7500	0.9461
3.7718	8000	0.8855
4.0075	8500	0.8634
4.2433	9000	0.6998
4.4790	9500	0.7194
4.7148	10000	0.7614
4.9505	10500	0.6216
5.1862	11000	0.5405
5.4220	11500	0.4347
5.6577	12000	0.3897
5.8934	12500	0.3221

Framework Versions

Python: 3.9.20
Sentence Transformers: 3.3.1
Transformers: 4.48.0
PyTorch: 2.5.1+cu121
Accelerate: 1.2.1
Datasets: 3.2.0
Tokenizers: 0.21.0

Citation

BibTeX

Sentence Transformers

@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
    title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
    author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = "11",
    year = "2019",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}

TripletLoss

@misc{hermans2017defense,
    title={In Defense of the Triplet Loss for Person Re-Identification},
    author={Alexander Hermans and Lucas Beyer and Bastian Leibe},
    year={2017},
    eprint={1703.07737},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    primaryClass={cs.CV}
}