Question:
Context: All etching tools are either needle-nosed or flat-edged. However, some flat-edged etching tools are used for engraving, and some are not. On the other hand, all the etching tools of the needle mouth are used for engraving. Therefore, there are more etching tools used for engraving than those not used for engraving.
Question: If any of the following statements are true, can the conclusion of the above argument be drawn logically?
Choices: A. Most flat-edged etching tools are not used for carving.
B. All etching tools that are not used for carving are flat-edged.
C. There are as many etching tools in the needle mouth as there are flat edge etching tools.
D. No etching tool is both a needle mouth and a flat blade.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: In the 1940s, more than 7,000 books were published in the United States, of which only over 10 became bestsellers. A New York publisher found that the best-selling book of the year was related to three themes, one related to President Lincoln, one related to doctors, and one related to dogs. He thinks that if these three kinds of content are combined, it will definitely sell well. So he planned to publish the "President of the American President's Physician", and the result of this book was extremely poor.
Question: Which of the following statements best illustrates the shortcomings of the above reasoning?
Choices: A. It is believed that the attributes possessed by the whole are also possessed by the parts.
B. It is believed that the attributes possessed by parts are also possessed by the whole.
C. Ignore other possible causes.
D. Treat the result of a phenomenon as the cause of this phenomenon.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Studies have shown that for most people with normal blood pressure, any amount of sodium in excess of the body's needs can be successfully eliminated from the body without significantly increasing blood pressure. Therefore, only those with high blood pressure and those whose body cannot safely handle excess sodium need to limit sodium intake.
Question: If any of the following statements is true, can the above argument be weakened most effectively?
Choices: A. Ingesting excess sodium sometimes damages the body's ability to handle excess sodium.
B. Hypertension is sometimes worsened by ingesting more sodium than the body needs.
C. Anyone needs a certain amount of sodium to maintain the normal physiological functions of the body.
D. Ingesting any more sodium than the body needs will increase blood pressure unless it is eliminated from the body.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Among vertebrate fossils, shark teeth are one of the most common fossils. However, the fossils of shark skeletons are very rare. Compared with the discovery of skeleton fossils of other vertebrates, the discovery of shark skeleton fossils is better than nothing.
Question: If any of the following statements are true, will it be most helpful to resolve the doubts above?
Choices: A. The shark's teeth need to be replaced many times in its lifetime, but the shark's skeleton is not changed for life, only one skeleton.
B. Compared to the skeletons of teeth or other vertebrates, shark cartilage skeletons are less likely to form fossils.
C. The process of petrification of the shark skeleton is the same as the physical changes experienced by the petrification of the shark teeth.
D. It is indeed confusing to find the skeleton fossil where the shark tooth fossil was found.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: The nutritional value is evaluated based on the content of 27 kinds of human essential nutrients. Vegetables with particularly high water content have low nutritional value. The water content of yam is low, so the nutritional value of yam will be high.
Question: Which of the following reasoning has the same form as the above reasoning?
Choices: A. Stars are all self-luminous, Venus is not a star, so Venus is not self-luminous.
B. Commodities have use value, and of course air has use value, so air is a commodity.
C. Everyone who desires success works hard, he does not work hard, so he is not a person who desires success.
D. All contracts concluded by fraud are invalid, and invalid contracts are not binding. Therefore, all non-binding contracts are concluded by fraud.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: The legislature is discussing a proposal to ban fishing in Huanglong Bay. Although the ban on fishing will have a significant impact on the local economic industry, which is mainly supported by the fishing industry, this proposal must also be implemented. Huanglong Bay is one of the areas with the highest water pollution levels. Recent studies have shown that 80% of the fish in Huanglong Bay contains toxins that exceed national safety standards. Continued fishing will cause serious harm to public health.
Question: Which of the following statements most accurately expresses the underlying principles underlying the above argument?
Choices: A. The principle of taking necessary precautions based on foreseeable consequences.
B. Based on the foreseeable consequences, the principle of taking advantage of the two evils is preferred.
C. The principle of prohibiting harm to others is adopted based on foreseeable consequences.
D. The principle of presumption of innocence is adopted based on the fact that there is no evidence of guilt.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: In the past 100 years, in the Dali Lake area, a long-term drought has shrunk a lot of grassy wetlands into saline land. The grassy wetland is where ducks, geese and other species of waterbirds nest and hatch. However, with the continuous shrinkage of the wetlands, the average rate of decline in the number of red ducks in this area is far lower than the average rate of decline in the number of swans.
Question: If which of the following statements is true, gives the best explanation for the inconsistency above?
Choices: A. Red ducks hatch 8 to 10 eggs per nest, and swans hatch 2 to 3 eggs per nest. The survival rate is about the same.
B. The strengthening of environmental protection measures has slowed down the average decline in the number of red ducks, swans and other species of waterbirds.
C. Both red ducks and swans are migratory birds, and red ducks are more likely to be killed during the migration process.
D. In addition to the wetlands, red ducks gradually learned to nest in tree caves and cliff caves, but swan failed to do so.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: There are 6 clear flower porcelains? S, Y, M, Q, K, X. The production time of each piece is different. From left to right, the exhibitions are sorted in order from the earliest to the latest. The known sorting conditions are as follows? (1) M is older than X. (2) If Y is earlier than M, then Q is earlier than K and X. (3) If the age of M is earlier than Y, the age of K is earlier than Q and X. (4) The age of S is either earlier than Y or earlier than M, and both have neither.
Question: Which of the following lists the possible exhibition order?
Choices: A. Q. M. S, K. Y. X.
B. Q, K. Y, M. X, S.
C. Y. S, M. X. Q, K.
D. M, K, S, Q, Y, X.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: There are 6 clear flower porcelains? S, Y, M, Q, K, X. The production time of each piece is different. From left to right, the exhibitions are sorted in order from the earliest to the latest. The known sorting conditions are as follows? (1) M is older than X. (2) If Y is earlier than M, then Q is earlier than K and X. (3) If the age of M is earlier than Y, the age of K is earlier than Q and X. (4) The age of S is either earlier than Y or earlier than M, and both have neither.
Question: If the age of Y is the second earliest, which of the following statements might be true?
Choices: A. The age of K is earlier than that of S.
B. The age of K is earlier than Q.
C. M is older than S.
D. M is older than Y.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: There are 6 clear flower porcelains? S, Y, M, Q, K, X. The production time of each piece is different. From left to right, the exhibitions are sorted in order from the earliest to the latest. The known sorting conditions are as follows? (1) M is older than X. (2) If Y is earlier than M, then Q is earlier than K and X. (3) If the age of M is earlier than Y, the age of K is earlier than Q and X. (4) The age of S is either earlier than Y or earlier than M, and both have neither.
Question: Which of the following cannot be the earliest porcelain?
Choices: A. M.
B. Q.
C. S.
D. Y.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: There are 6 clear flower porcelains? S, Y, M, Q, K, X. The production time of each piece is different. From left to right, the exhibitions are sorted in order from the earliest to the latest. The known sorting conditions are as follows? (1) M is older than X. (2) If Y is earlier than M, then Q is earlier than K and X. (3) If the age of M is earlier than Y, the age of K is earlier than Q and X. (4) The age of S is either earlier than Y or earlier than M, and both have neither.
Question: If the age of X is earlier than S, which of the following statements might be true?
Choices: A. Y is older than M.
B. Y is older than Q.
C. S is older than M.
D. S is older than K.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: There are 6 clear flower porcelains? S, Y, M, Q, K, X. The production time of each piece is different. From left to right, the exhibitions are sorted in order from the earliest to the latest. The known sorting conditions are as follows? (1) M is older than X. (2) If Y is earlier than M, then Q is earlier than K and X. (3) If the age of M is earlier than Y, the age of K is earlier than Q and X. (4) The age of S is either earlier than Y or earlier than M, and both have neither.
Question: If the age of M is earlier than Q but later than K, which of the following statements might be true?
Choices: A. Y is older than S.
B. S is older than M.
C. Q is older than X.
D. Y is older than M.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: There are 6 singers? F, G, L, K, H, M.3 piano accompaniment? X, Y, W. Each piano accompanimentist happened to accompany two of the singers. Known condition information is as follows? (1) If X is F accompaniment, then W is L accompaniment. (2) If X is not a G accompaniment, then Y is an M accompaniment. (3) X or Y is H accompaniment. (4) F and G do not share accompaniment; L and K do not share accompaniment; H and M do not share accompaniment.
Question: Which of the following lists the possible combinations of accompaniment and singer?
Choices: A. X is the accompaniment of G and H; Y is the accompaniment of F and K? W is the accompaniment of L and M.
B. X is F and H accompaniment; Y is L and M accompaniment; W is G and K accompaniment.
C. X is the accompaniment of G and M; Y is the accompaniment of F and H; w is the accompaniment of L and K.
D. X is L, H accompaniment; Y is F, K accompaniment; W is G, M accompaniment.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: There are 6 singers? F, G, L, K, H, M.3 piano accompaniment? X, Y, W. Each piano accompanimentist happened to accompany two of the singers. Known condition information is as follows? (1) If X is F accompaniment, then W is L accompaniment. (2) If X is not a G accompaniment, then Y is an M accompaniment. (3) X or Y is H accompaniment. (4) F and G do not share accompaniment; L and K do not share accompaniment; H and M do not share accompaniment.
Question: If X is an accompaniment to L and H, which of the following statements must be true?
Choices: A. W is K accompaniment.
B. Y is F accompaniment.
C. G and K are accompanied by the same accompaniment.
D. F and M are accompanied by the same accompaniment.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: There are 6 singers? F, G, L, K, H, M.3 piano accompaniment? X, Y, W. Each piano accompanimentist happened to accompany two of the singers. Known condition information is as follows? (1) If X is F accompaniment, then W is L accompaniment. (2) If X is not a G accompaniment, then Y is an M accompaniment. (3) X or Y is H accompaniment. (4) F and G do not share accompaniment; L and K do not share accompaniment; H and M do not share accompaniment.
Question: If W is the accompaniment of F and M, which pair of singers can X accompany?
Choices: A. G and H.
B. G and K.
C. L and H.
D. L and K.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: There are 6 singers? F, G, L, K, H, M.3 piano accompaniment? X, Y, W. Each piano accompanimentist happened to accompany two of the singers. Known condition information is as follows? (1) If X is F accompaniment, then W is L accompaniment. (2) If X is not a G accompaniment, then Y is an M accompaniment. (3) X or Y is H accompaniment. (4) F and G do not share accompaniment; L and K do not share accompaniment; H and M do not share accompaniment.
Question: W cannot accompany any of the following singers?
Choices: A. F and K.
B. F and L.
C. K and H.
D. G and K.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: There are 6 singers? F, G, L, K, H, M.3 piano accompaniment? X, Y, W. Each piano accompanimentist happened to accompany two of the singers. Known condition information is as follows? (1) If X is F accompaniment, then W is L accompaniment. (2) If X is not a G accompaniment, then Y is an M accompaniment. (3) X or Y is H accompaniment. (4) F and G do not share accompaniment; L and K do not share accompaniment; H and M do not share accompaniment.
Question: It is impossible for Y to accompany the following pair of singers?
Choices: A. G and H.
B. L and H.
C. F and L.
D. F and M.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Professors? The United States, Canada and other countries have long enrolled masters and doctoral students in writing, and we are still calling for the right to award degrees in writing. This is a very different attitude towards applied and technical disciplines. Are we wrong, or are we wrong?
Question: Which of the following questions is most important to assess the rationality of the above argument?
Choices: A. If we are allowed to recruit masters and doctors in writing, how many people will apply for this major?
B. Do we have the qualifications for the faculty and subject research in writing to recruit masters and doctors?
C. Have we applied for masters and Ph. Ds in other applied and technical disciplines other than writing?
D. Should we pay attention to the cultivation of master's degree and doctoral degree in applied and technical disciplines?

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: When a musicologist bought a mobile phone number in a communication store, he found that a number was more than half cheaper than the others, and asked the clerk, "Why is this?" The clerk said, "This number is not good. " It turns out that the mantissa of this number is 1414, and many people taboo its homonym "to die". But the musician started to sing, and it was indeed trembling, the homonym was "all hair and hair" and I was very happy to buy this number.
Question: If the above statement is true, which of the following statements cannot be supported?
Choices: A. It is foolish to taboo or accept the meaning implied by digital homophony.
B. The meaning implied by digital homophony will affect the behavior of buying numbers.
C. People can attach different ideas to the same number.
D. The meaning implied by the number and its homophony is not unique.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: In Zululand, South Africa, a rhinoceros is poached every 17 hours. Operation “Flying Rhinoceros” carefully selected 114 white rhinos and 10 black rhinos from the Umfor Lodge Conservation Area, and airlifted them to a secret area in South Africa to protect the rhinos, hoping that the rhinos could reproduce and grow naturally here. Grow to avoid the doom of extinction caused by poaching.
Question: Which of the following statements is not a hypothesis for the "flying rhino" action?
Choices: A. The secrecy measures for the new rhino home are strict, because poachers do not know where there are rhinos.
B. Give rhinos that the new home of choice is suitable for the breeding and growth of white and black rhinos.
C. Residents living near the new rhino ’s home will not be poached for expensive rhinoceros feet.
D. 0 years ago, a protection transfer operation to avoid the extinction of the black rhino was successful.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Scientists, just like the earth, there is also a hot lava core inside Venus. With the autobiography and revolution of Venus, huge heat will be released. The earth releases internal heat through volcanic eruptions generated by plate tectonic movement. There is no volcanic eruption like the plate tectonic movement, which is confusing.
Question: If the following statement is true, which one gives the best explanation for the scientist's confusion?
Choices: A. The autobiography of Venus is slow and its outer shell is much thinner than the earth, which is convenient for the internal heat release.
B. The greenhouse effect caused by carbon dioxide in Venus ’atmosphere makes its surface temperature as high as 485 ℃.
C. Due to the effects of high temperature and high pressure, the rock on the surface of Venus is harder than the rock on the surface of the earth.
D. The lava movement in the inner core of Venus used to have more severe temperature fluctuations than the rock movement of the earth.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Dali Lake is a plateau dammed lake formed by eruption of volcanoes. The whale croaker, S. sylvaticus, living in the brackish water lake, like salmon living in the sea, must migrate to the upper reaches of the freshwater river to spawn Although the four rivers currently injecting into Dali Lake are all inland rivers, and none of the rivers lead to the ocean, scientists are still convinced that the Chinese fish in Dali Lake originally migrated from the ocean.
Question: Which of the following statements is true and provides the best explanation for scientists ’beliefs?
Choices: A. The yellow croaker that lives in the waters of Heilongjiang and other areas is twice as large as the Japanese croaker which is in Dali Lake.
B. The fish caught in seawater or freshwater can only survive for a day or two, and quickly decay after death.
C. The glacier melted to form Dali Lake. The overflowing lake water was once connected to the Liaohe River flowing into the ocean.
D. The scientific researcher put the fry of the fish of Dali Lake in the Dali Lake, thousands of miles away, the breeding is successful.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Laws protecting wild animal populations should not be compulsorily applied to hunting activities that depend on the capture of wild animals but do not threaten the continuation of wild animal populations.
Question: If the following statement is true, which one is the strongest proof of the justification of the above principle?
Choices: A. For any profit-taking purpose of capturing wild animals, the Wildlife Protection Law should be enforced.
B. Although the eyeglass cord is protected by law, the act of killing the eyeglass cord due to the threat to human life will not be punished by law.
C. The Inuit in the northernmost part of the polar region feed on bowhead whales, and the number of bowhead whales captured is much lower than the number of newly survived bowhead whales each year.
D. Humans have hunted elephants for thousands of years and have not extinct the elephant populations, so it is not necessary to enforce laws protecting wild elephants.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: In 2014, many stars were arrested by the police for drug involvement. On August 13, the Beijing Performance Industry Association and major performance companies signed the "Beijing Performance Industry Commitment to Combat Drugs", promising not to hire or organize drug-related entertainers to participate in performing arts activities. A lawyer responded? "There is no employment discrimination, because there are many other occupations to choose from. ".
Question: Which of the following points out the logical question in the lawyer ’s answer?
Choices: A. According to the lawyer, anyone who engages in employment discrimination can defend himself like him.
B. The lawyer did not consider that it is difficult for a person who has received many years of vocational training and is only good at acting to change careers.
C. The lawyer replied that it was inconsistent with the regulations of the State Council ’s Drug Rehabilitation Regulations on “non-discrimination in reemployment of drug addicts”.
D. The lawyer wrongly assumed that the performing arts industry has a higher professional ethics level than other industries.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: When an acting star was accused of evading personal income tax, she defended herself and said? "For many years, I have paid millions of personal income tax, which is more than that paid by the state-owned machinery factory where my cousin is. There is still a lot of taxes, is this also a sin? ".
Question: Which of the following statements most accurately points out the flaws in the above defense.
Choices: A. The more personal income tax paid proves that she is richer, such people should be heavily punished for tax evasion.
B. The amount of tax paid by a person does not prove that she pays the tax payable on every income.
C. The attributes possessed by a part are not usually possessed by the whole.
D. The individual pays more taxes than the state-owned machinery factory, which does not mean that her contribution to society is greater than that of the state-owned machinery factory.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Students in a certain class are all football fans. During the 2014 World Cup, all students who supported the Argentine team did not support the German team, nor did any students who supported the Argentine team supported the Brazilian team. Some students who support the US team support the German team, and some students who support the US team support the Brazilian team.
Question: If the above statement is true, which of the following statements about the students in the class must be true?
Choices: A. Some students who support the German team neither support the Brazilian team nor the American team.
B. Some students who support the US team neither support the German team nor the Brazilian team.
C. So the students who support the US team either support the Argentina team, or support the German team, or support the Brazil team.
D. Some students who support the Brazilian team support the German team.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: According to statistics, the number of people dying of hunger in the world is as high as 10 million a year, and the Chinese waste about 8 million tons of food on the table every year, which is supposed to be the ration of 1.1 billion people a year. This means that if we can effectively eliminate food waste on the table, we can save millions of hungry people.
Question: If the following statement is true, which one is most appropriate to challenge the above conclusion?
Choices: A. Bad weather causes food prices to fluctuate, exacerbating the problem of hunger.
B. Today's agricultural development level has been able to protect the world's people from hunger from a total amount.
C. Consumption can promote economic development, and one way for the rich to help the poor is to increase waste.
D. Eliminating food waste is only a favorable condition to solve the problem of hunger.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: A netizen? Almost no one will support proposals that damage their interests. However, according to the "Beijing Times" report, in the 17-day "I offer advice on public transport price reform" activity, most of the tens of thousands of people who participated in the event agreed to raise subway and bus fares. Let everyone pay more and like it. This result must be fake.
Question: If the following statement is true, all but one of them question the netizen's judgment?
Choices: A. Only those who are interested in the reform of public transport pricing participate in the activity, and the statistical results only reflect the opinions of this group of people.
B. People who participate in the activity rarely take the subway and bus, and raising the fare will not harm their interests.
C. Some people who commute by subway and bus think that raising the fare can ease congestion during peak hours.
D. Many citizens hope to increase the fare to improve the ride environment.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Overcapacity, local government debt and real estate bubbles are the three major diseases facing the Chinese economy. If not handled properly, it may lead to a hard landing of the Chinese economy. The root cause of the three major diseases is that China ’s long-term capital interest rate is low The return of capital costs to a reasonable position, the demand for overcapacity can be controlled, excessive pressure on real estate investment can be gradually released, the impulse of local governments to borrow money for development has not been suppressed It's hard to come.
Question: If the above statement is true, which of the following statements must be true?
Choices: A. If the Chinese stock market has not yet ushered in a bull market, it must be that the three major diseases have not been effectively controlled.
B. If the impulse of local governments to borrow money for development is not suppressed, the domestic capital cost has not returned to a reasonable position.
C. If the stock market ushered in a bull market, it must be that domestic capital costs have not returned to a reasonable position.
D. As long as domestic capital costs return to a reasonable position, the Chinese economy will not land hard.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Tang Sanzhang and his entourage learned from the Western Heavens and encountered Flame Mountain. Eight precepts said, just go where there is no fire, Tang Sanzang said, I only want to go to the Jingli, sand monk said, there is a fire in the Jingji. Sand monk means that there is fire everywhere.
Question: If the sand monk's words are true, which of the following statements must be true?
Choices: A. Some places without fire.
B. There is no fire in some places.
C. Wherever there is a fire, there is a sutra.
D. No fire anywhere.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: The world's first bicycle was invented in 1847. After the emergence of bicycles, they only disappeared for a short period of time and disappeared. They did not reappear until 1860. Why did this happen? Only when a new technology is consistent with the values of society will the technology be accepted. Therefore, there must have been some changes in social values between 1817 and 1860.
Question: The reasoning in the above reasoning is flawed because of the argument?
Choices: A. Ignore the possibility of the bicycle being accepted again.
B. raised a question that has little to do with the conclusion of the argument.
C. Misconception that the bicycle reappeared in 1860 indicates that it was reaccepted.
D. Without giving a reasonable explanation, it is deemed to be truly accepted.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Umbilical cord blood refers to the blood left in the placenta and the umbilical cord after the baby is delivered and the umbilical cord is ligated and cut off. The hematopoietic stem cells contained in it can cause leukemia and severe anemia. Some malignant tumors and other diseases have significant curative effects, and they are precious self-help resources that are no longer missing in life. Parents preserve cord blood for newborns, which can provide a guarantee for the child's health throughout life.
Question: If the following statement is true, all but one of the items can weaken the conclusion discussed above.
Choices: A. At present, the probability of stem cell transplantation due to blood diseases in China is extremely small, and the cost of storing cord blood is expensive.
B. Umbilical cord blood, peripheral blood, and bone marrow have become the three major sources of hematopoietic stem cells.
C. At present, umbilical cord blood is not the most effective way to treat many malignant diseases in clinic, but is an adjuvant treatment.
D. Umbilical cord blood is usually stored at 50 ml, so such a small amount has little effect on the treatment of most adults.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Sophist? Because 6 is greater than 4, and 6 is less than 8, 6 is both large and small.
Question: Which of the following ways of reasoning is most similar to the reasoning of the above-mentioned sophisters.
Choices: A. Because Laozi is more intelligent than Mencius, Laozi has a better view of goodness than Mencius.
B. Because Zhang Qing drinks Tonghua glucose when he is healthy, it is sweet, and when he is sick, drinking Tonghua glucose is sour, so Tonghua glucose is both sweet and sour.
C. Because Zhao Feng is taller than Li Tong, and Zhao Feng is shorter than Wang Lei, Zhao Feng is both tall and short.
D. Because a wooden stick is usually straight, but it looks curved in the water, this wooden stick is both straight and curved.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: In August 2014, more than 200 Russian trucks carrying relief supplies entered eastern Ukraine. If the Ukrainian government ’s military operations in the east directly or indirectly attacked the Russian convoy, it may trigger the Russian side to take strong measures; if the Ukrainian government army temporarily Stopping military operations in the east to ensure the safety of the Russian convoy will give the civilian armed forces in a disadvantage a breathing opportunity.
Question: If the above statement is true, which of the following must be true?
Choices: A. If the Ukrainian government forces attack the Russian convoy, there will be no chance for the civilian armed forces to take a breather.
B. If the Ukrainian government army does not give the civilian armed forces a breathing opportunity, it may trigger the Russian side to take strong measures.
C. If civilian armed forces in eastern Ukraine take a breather, Russia will not take strong measures.
D. The Russian convoy entered Ukraine to help civilian armed forces in eastern Ukraine.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Many colleges and universities in China held four job fairs in Toronto, New York, Boston, and San Francisco. The questionnaire survey for Chinese students attending the fair showed that 67% of people want to return to work, 33% of people will be serious Consider the option of returning home. It can be seen that the international students in the US task force have lost their attraction, and the popular feelings have become common practice.
Question: If the following statement is true, which one would most strongly weaken the above argument?
Choices: A. Chinese students participating in the questionnaire survey may not express their best wishes.
B. If Chinese students in North America cannot find a job when they return home, it will disappoint them.
C. 7 ﹪ and 33 ﹪ add up to 100 ﹪, which means zero people want to stay and work in North America.
D. Among the Chinese students in North America, those who do not intend to return to work did not attend the job fair.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: The traditional view believes that the origin of the names of the Eight Diagrams and Sixty-four Diagrams in Zhouyi is fiction, or there is no meaning. There is no other explanation. The fiction says that the Eight Diagrams are named after the name of an object, For example, Qiangua is the heaven, and Qian is the ancient Chinese character, so it is named Qian; in the sense of meaning, the image of hexagrams represents the principle of things, and its rationality is taken as the name of a hexagram. The Lord is supple, so the hexagram is Kun, and Kun is the meaning of suppleness.
Question: Which of the following statements is true, which most seriously shakes the traditional view of the origin of the Gua name?
Choices: A. The reason why the two hexagrams of Qiankun ranks first among the sixty-four hexagrams is because the Qian gua represents heaven and the Kun gua represents earth.
B. The hexagram name cannot be explained by the orientation theory alone, nor can it be explained by the sense of meaning alone. Only by combining the two can we give an explanation of all hexagram names.
C. Although there are many different explanations for the origin of the Gua name, it is inseparable from its sect, either attributed to the theory of fetching images, or attributed to the theory of fetching meanings.
D. The name of the hexagram comes from the account of the narration of the hexagram. Kun Guazhan asked about the loss of the horse. At the beginning, he had three elephants. He believed that the horse could be found and was named Kun.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: In ball games, it is wrong to use replay to determine the penalty, because no matter how many cameras track the game on the field, it is inevitable that some foul actions will be missed. It is impossible to be aware of what happened before you.
Question: The defect of which of the following arguments is most similar to the above argument.
Choices: A. Knowledge is a virtue, because no one does it on purpose.
B. We should not ask the police because they cannot stop all criminal activities.
C. Trial marriage is not immoral, because anyone who buys clothes can try on.
D. Faith cannot create reality, because taking something as true does not make it true.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Scientists assume that a special type of fat, "P. fat", is necessary for the development of vision. Scientists have observed that infants fed formula milk with low P. fat have better vision than breastfed infants. It ’s poor, and the content of P. fat in breast milk is high, so they put forward the above hypothesis. In addition, they also found that babies born prematurely 5-6 weeks have worse vision than babies born at full term.
Question: If any of the following statements is true, will it most support the hypothesis of the above scientists?
Choices: A. The fetus only increased the amount of P. fat obtained from the mother during the last 4 weeks of pregnancy.
B. Old people who lack P. fat in their daily diet have poorer vision than adults with high levels of P. fat in their daily diet.
C. Fetal vision developed during the last 3 months of pregnancy.
D. Poor eyesight of the mother does not cause poor eyesight of the baby.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: The important difference between a civilized man and a barbarian or other animals is to suppress the instinctive impulse through foresight. Only when a person does something is not driven by instinctive impulse, but because his reason tells him, At some point in the future he will benefit from it, and then there is real foresight. Cultivating the land is a far-sighted action, people work in the spring to eat food in winter.
Question: Which of the following statements is the hypothesis that the above argument relies on?
Choices: A. Is it possible to suppress the instinctive impulse by thinking deeply, this is the only difference between civilized people and barbarians or other animals.
B. Actions such as squirrel burying chestnuts and arctic fox burying bird eggs are purely instinct-driven actions.
C. The stronger the restraint of one's own instinct impulses, the greater the tolerance of the current pain, and therefore the higher the degree of civilization.
D. People not only suppress their instinctive impulses through their foresight, but also suppress their instinct impulses through external laws, customs and religions.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Nutritionist? All medical studies to date have shown that drinking 3 cups or less of coffee a day will not cause damage to the heart. Therefore, if you are a modest coffee drinker, then you can enjoy coffee with confidence, without worrying about coffee harming people's health.
Question: Which of the following statements most preparedly points out the shortcomings of the above argument?
Choices: A. Coffee drinkers may consume other foods that are harmful to the heart while drinking coffee.
B. The nutritionist ’s conclusions are based only on relevant research results, lacking the support of clinical data.
C. Drinking coffee is harmless to the heart does not mean harmless to the body.
D. People who drink coffee often have greater psychological pressure, and the larger psychological pressure itself is harmful to the heart.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Thomas Paine discusses the question of whether the monarchy and hereditary system are reasonable in the book "Common Knowledge". For those who believe that the hereditary system is reasonable, Paine asked and answered, how did the original king come about? There are only three possibilities, either by lottery, election or by usurping power. If the first king is selected by lottery or election, this will set a precedent for future kings and thus negate hereditary practices. If the first king was obtained by usurping power, no one would be so bold and dare to defend the hereditary throne.
Question: Which of the following best describes the techniques used in Paine ’s argument.
Choices: A. Demonstrate that a proposition contradicts a certain proposition that has been established as true.
B. A proposition can lead to a false conclusion to prove that the proposition is not true.
C. Demonstrate that this proposition is true by showing that all possible explanations lead to the same proposition.
D. By excluding all other possible explanations, to prove that the remaining explanation is true.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Sometimes, a person can not accurately explain the meaning of an abstract word, but can use this word very appropriately for language expression. It can be seen that understanding a word does not necessarily depend on precise interpretation of the meaning of the word.
Question: Which of the following statements can provide the best support for the above conclusion?
Choices: A. The meaning of abstract words is not easy to be accurately interpreted.
B. If a person can accurately explain the meaning of a word, then he understands the word.
C. A person cannot accurately explain the meaning of a word, does not mean that other people can not accurately explain the meaning of the word.
D. If a person can properly use a word for language expression, then he understands the word.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Some online media reported that let the rice listen to the song of thanksgiving can increase 15%. The results of three consecutive seasons of rice cultivation in Liangshan Village, Fujian confirmed that listening to the Dabei Mantra not only increased by 15%, but also the rice grains were fuller. Some agricultural experts said that music not only helps plants absorb, transfer and transform nutrients, but also achieves insect repellent effects.
Question: The answer to which of the following questions is least relevant to assess the authenticity of the above report?
Choices: A. Are the other growing conditions of the rice that listens to the Da Bei mantra exactly the same as those that do not listen to the Da Bei mantra?
B. Is this method feasible for large-scale promotion?
C. Can experts explain why Da Bei Man is beneficial to the growth of rice but not to the growth of pests?
D. Does the expert's explanation have reliable theoretical support?

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Regarding how to define "naked officials", the "Interim Provisions" clarified the following three categories of national staff as "naked officials"? spouses and children have moved outside the country (border); no children The spouse has moved outside the country (boundary); without the spouse, the children have moved outside the country (boundary). In 2014, the Central Organization Department issued the relevant "Administrative Measures" stipulating that? If the spouse has moved outside the country (boundary) or has no spouse, the national staff who have moved outside the country (boundary) are all "naked officials".
Question: Which of the following statements is consistent with the above two documents?
Choices: A. According to the "Administrative Measures", only national staff whose children have migrated outside the country (border) are "bare officials".
B. For national staff with both spouses and children, the provisions of the two documents are the same.
C. According to the "Interim Regulations", as long as the spouse of a staff member of a certain country has moved outside the country (border), he or she is a "naked official".
D. For national staff with only spouse and no children, the provisions of the two documents are the same.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: The mode in which the government and private enterprises cooperate to complete a project (referred to as PPP) can enable the government to obtain funds, and can also allow social capital to enter the public utility fields such as power and railway. The problem with this model is that the government defaults or investors default, causing economic losses to the other party. In past PPP projects, government default was not a small probability event. Although local government defaults are not uncommon, investors continue to actively invest in PPP projects as always.
Question: If any of the following statements are true, can we best explain the seemingly contradictory phenomenon?
Choices: A. With the reform of the economic system and the promotion of new urbanization, the PPP model has high hopes from all walks of life.
B. The PPP model is more complicated, and the local government ’s bargaining power and PPP expertise are not as good as those of investors.
C. This year, the National Development and Reform Commission released 80 important projects to encourage social capital to participate in construction and operation through PPP and other means.
D. In order to prevent economic losses caused by local government defaults, investors try to transfer other interests to their own enterprises.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Li Ming is likely to be a senior logic teacher. Like most senior logic teachers, Li Ming is familiar with Gödel's completeness theorem and incompleteness theorem, and most people who are not senior logic teachers are not familiar with these theorems. In fact, many people who are not senior logic teachers have not even heard of Gödel.
Question: Which of the following statements accurately points out the shortcomings of the above reasoning?
Choices: A. Ignore this possibility? most people who are familiar with these theorems of Gödel are not senior logic teachers.
B. Ignore this possibility? some senior logic teachers are not familiar with these theorems of Gödel.
C. The concept of "senior" in reasoning is a vague concept.
D. Without proof, it is concluded that people who are not familiar with Gödel's completeness theorem and incompleteness theorem have not heard of Gödel.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Due to the aging population, the German government is facing a dilemma? if the pension system is not reformed, pensions will be unsustainable. Policies to solve this dilemma include increasing the proportion of pension contributions, reducing the level of pension payments, and increasing the retirement age. Among them, the resistance to raising the retirement age is the biggest. The government implementing this policy may lose a lot of votes in the next election. However, the German government completed the legal process in 2007, raising the retirement age from 65 to 67.
Question: If any of the following statements is true, can it best explain why the German government risked adopting this policy?
Choices: A. In 2001, Germany established the upper limit of pension payment in legal form, and in 2004 established the lower limit of pension payment, the two policies have been used to the extreme.
B. In order to reduce the pressure, the German government requires a transition period of 20 years from 2012 to achieve the retirement age from 65 to 67 years.
C. After one year of retirement, the pension reduction can reach nearly 1% of GDP.
D. Now the average life expectancy of Germans has greatly increased, and pensioners have been receiving longer pensions.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Why did ancient Greece have a city-state system, but there was a long-standing monarchy in Eastern countries? Aristotle believes that the monarchy is often seen among barbarians and is very close to the tyrant or tyrant system. Because the nature of the barbarian people is inherently more national and more enslaved than Greece, and the slavishness of the Asian barbarians is more than that of the Europa barbarians, so they are subject to dictatorship and do not rebel.
Question: If the following statements are true, all but one can weaken Aristotle ’s interpretation.
Choices: A. City-state manufacturing has brought about the autonomy of citizens, and the monarchy has created the slavery of Shunmin.
B. The difference in geographical environment has created the difference between the city-state system and the monarchy.
C. Aristotle's explanation is emotionally difficult for most Orientals to accept.
D. The difference between civilized people and barbarians is caused by different cultural and social organizations.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: The battery used by the American electric vehicle TESLA consists of nearly 7000 Panasonic 18650 batteries connected in series. Large battery packs connected in parallel. The safety of the TESLA battery power system has been questioned by the automotive industry. A battery expert said that the probability of fire for 18650 batteries in the United States is 0.2 parts per million, then the probability of fire for a battery pack consisting of 7,000 small batteries is 0.14%. Based on the current sales of TESLA. this It caused a battery fire accident almost every month.
Question: If the following statement is true, which one most powerfully weakened the expert's judgment?
Choices: A. 8650 battery has the characteristics of large energy density, stability and good consistency.
B. Billions of 18650 batteries are produced every year in the world, and their safety level is constantly improving.
C. TESLA has a very advanced battery management system, which will automatically disconnect the output of abnormal battery cells.
D. 8650 battery can be recharged many times, so the service life of the battery is greatly extended.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: The Arctic region is rich in oil. natural gas. Mineral and fishery resources, their oil and gas reserves account for a quarter of the world's undeveloped oil and gas resources. Global warming has caused the ice surface in the Arctic to melt at a rate of 9% every 10 years. The route that crosses the Arctic Ocean along the northern coastline of Russia and connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans can reach tens of thousands of kilometers from Asia to Europe than the Panama Canal. Therefore, the development and utilization of the Arctic will bring huge benefits to mankind.
Question: If the following statement is true, in addition to which one can weaken the above argument?
Choices: A. Ships crossing the Arctic will bring invading creatures and destroy the Arctic ecosystem.
B. The international community has experienced many serious conflicts due to Arctic development issues, but the countries concerned have calmly shelved or dealt with low-key.
C. Exploitation of the Arctic will melt permafrost and release methane, a greenhouse gas, resulting in increased extreme weather.
D. Exploiting the Arctic will accelerate the melting of ice and snow, causing sea levels to rise and flooding coastal lowlands.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Dumping" is defined as the act of selling such commodities in another country at a price lower than the production cost of the commodities. The prawn producers in country H are selling prawns in country M at a price lower than the production cost of the river prawns in country M. Therefore, shrimp producers in country H are dumping shrimp in country M.
Question: Which of the following is necessary to evaluate the dumping behavior mentioned above?
Choices: A. "Production cost" in the definition of dumping refers to the production cost of the origin of the commodity or the production cost of similar commodities in the place of sale.
B. If country H has been selling shrimp in country M at a price lower than the production cost of shrimp in country M, the shrimp industry in country M will go bankrupt.
C. The experts reached a consensus on whether the dumping behavior is harmful or beneficial to the economies of the two countries, or whether it is harmful or beneficial to only one of them.
D. Due to the different methods of calculating the production cost of commodities, it is difficult to obtain accurate comparison values of the production costs of the same commodity in different countries.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Because the conclusion of quantum theory violates intuition, some scientists have different views on this theory. Although they try to strictly indicate that the assertion of quantum theory is inaccurate (that is, try to strictly falsify it), they find that the error lies in Usually within the acceptable statistical range. These results of quantum theory are different from those of competing theories, which makes it reasonable to accept quantum theory.
Question: Which of the following principles is most helpful to show the rationality of the above reasoning?
Choices: A. A theory should not be considered reasonable before it is tried to strictly falsify.
B. Only if the assertion of a theory has not been falsified by experiments can this theory be accepted.
C. If a scientific theory violates intuitive conclusions less than competing theories, then it should be accepted.
D. If you try to strictly falsify a theory, but the theory has withstood all the tests, then you should accept it.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Homo erectus originated in Africa about 2 million years ago and spread to Eurasia; modern people appeared about 200,000 years ago. Both human fossils are distributed in China. For example, the "Beijing people" unearthed in the ancient stratum of Zhoukoudian, Beijing belonged to Homo erectus; the "shandingdong people" in the stratum of the previous year belonged to modern people. A study of the contemporary Chinese population found that the Y chromosome inherited from the paternal lineage originated in Africa and originated in 8.9 10,000 years to 35,000 years ago; the mitochondrial DNA inherited from the maternal line originated in Africa, with a time of origin within 100,000 years; no genetic component of H. erectus was detected.
Question: If the above statement is true, which hypothesis is best supported?
Choices: A. The descendants of "Beijing people" may be extinct. The ancestors of Chinese contemporary people came to Asia from Africa about 100,000 years ago.
B. Chinese Homo erectus and modern people are from the African continent, and their hybrid descendants are the ancestors of contemporary Chinese.
C. The "Stop Cave Man" in Zhoukoudian, Beijing evolved from "Beijing People".
D. Contemporary Chinese are descendants of Homo erectus that spread from Africa to Eurasia 2 million years ago.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Huan Gong? "Why do few people read the dross of the ancients?" Lu Pian? "According to my experience, when the wheels are made, the wheel holes are slightly larger and loose and not firm, and when they are small, they are difficult to enter. If you want to do something that is not too big, not too loose, you have to give it to your heart and give it to your hand. There is superb technology in it, but it ca n’t be conveyed in words, I ca n’t teach my son, so, I When you are seventy years old, you have to take a turn. The ancients are dead, and the essence they ca n’t tell is also followed by hours. Then what you are reading is the dross of the ancients. ".
Question: Which of the following statements is the hypothesis on which Lu Bian ’s argument relies?
Choices: A. In addition to the essence and dross, there are other contents worth reading.
B. If the essence cannot be spoken, reading is not only useless but harmful.
C. Superb technology cannot be taught to others through language.
D. In addition to superb technology, other essences are also unspeakable.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: In a cooking competition, the chef is required to make one hot dish and one cold dish, and the results are evaluated as "top grade", "middle grade", and "bottom grade". If each result of the chef is not lower than that of Chef B, and at least one item is higher than Chef B, it is said that "Chef A is more skilled than Chef B". There are a number of existing chefs, none of them is more skilled than the other, and no two people have the same hot dishes and cold dishes.
Question: How many chefs can meet the above conditions?
Choices: A. unconfirmed.
B.  people.
C.  people.
D.  people.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: A fuel-efficient car of a certain brand sells for 270,000 yuan, while another ordinary one costs 170,000 yuan. According to the current gasoline prices and the test data of the fuel consumption of the two cars for 100 kilometers, people who buy this fuel-efficient car need to be at least 300,000 kilometers to make up for the higher price difference than buying ordinary cars. If the price of oil rises in the future, the mileage required to make up for the purchase price will increase accordingly.
Question: Which of the following statements most pointed out the shortcomings of the above argument?
Choices: A. Arguments and conclusions are contradictory.
B. The argument cannot fully support its conclusion.
C. The argument does not consider the possibility of future oil price reduction.
D. The argument uses unproven assumptions as an argument.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: In the era of the Internet with complicated information, everyone is always at risk of being deceived, entrapped, and manipulated by others' opinions. If you don't want to be always at the mercy of others, if you don't want to spend a lifetime in chaos, if you want to learn to think independently and make rational decisions, then you must arm your mind with critical thinking.
Question: If the above statement is true, which of the following statements is not necessarily true?
Choices: A. People who cannot arm their minds with critical thinking cannot learn to think independently and make rational decisions.
B. You either choose to arm your mind with critical thinking, or choose to spend a lifetime in chaos.
C. People who do not want to learn to think independently and make rational decisions need not arm their minds with critical thinking.
D. Only those who are armed with critical thinking can get rid of the fate dictated by others.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: A unit arranges for 6 people on duty on the first day, second day, third day of the new year. They are G. , H, K, L, P, and S. Two people are required per day. The personnel arrangement must meet the following conditions? (1) L and P must be on duty on the same day. (2) G and H cannot be on duty on the same day. (3) If K is on the first day of duty, then G is on the second day of duty. (4 ) If S is on the third day of duty, then H is on the second day of duty.
Question: Which of the following can be a complete and accurate arrangement of the duty dates of these people?
Choices: A. Junior One? L and P? Junior Two? G and K? Junior Three H and S.
B. First day? L and P? second day? H and K? third day G and S.
C. Junior One? G and K? Junior Two? L and P? Junior Three H and S.
D. Junior One? K and S? Junior Two? G and H? Junior Three L and P.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: A unit arranges for 6 people on duty on the first day, second day, third day of the new year. They are G. , H, K, L, P, and S. Two people are required per day. The personnel arrangement must meet the following conditions? (1) L and P must be on duty on the same day. (2) G and H cannot be on duty on the same day. (3) If K is on the first day of duty, then G is on the second day of duty. ) If S is on the third day of duty, then H is on the second day of duty.
Question: Which of the following must be true?
Choices: A. G and S are on duty on the same day.
B. S and H are not on the same day.
C. K and S are not on duty on the same day.
D. K and G are not on the same day.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: A unit arranges for 6 people on duty on the first day, second day, third day of the new year. They are G. , H, K, L, P, and S. Two people are required per day. The personnel arrangement must meet the following conditions? (1) L and P must be on duty on the same day. (2) G and H cannot be on duty on the same day. (3) If K is on the first day of duty, then G is on the second day of duty. ) If S is on the third day of duty, then H is on the second day of duty.
Question: If P is on duty in the second day, which of the following can be true?
Choices: A. S on duty in the third day.
B. H is on duty in the second day.
C. K on duty in the first day.
D. G on duty at the first day.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: A unit arranges for 6 people on duty on the first day, second day, third day of the new year. They are G. , H, K, L, P, and S. Two people are required per day. The personnel arrangement must meet the following conditions? (1) L and P must be on duty on the same day. (2) G and H cannot be on duty on the same day. (3) If K is on the first day of duty, then G is on the second day of duty. (4 ) If S is on the third day of duty, then H is on the second day of duty.
Question: If H is on duty the same day before S, which of the following must be true?
Choices: A. G on the second day of duty.
B. P on duty in the second day.
C. K on duty in the first day.
D. H on duty at the first day.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: After all the cold dishes at the banquet at one table were served, there were 7 hot dishes. Among them, three Sichuan dishes? K, L, M? three Cantonese dishes? Q, N, P? one Shandong dish? X. Only one hot dish can be served at a time, and the order of serving must meet the following conditions? (1) Cannot serve Sichuan cuisine or Cantonese cuisine continuously. (2) Unless the second is on Q, P cannot be on before Q. (3) P must be on before X. (4) M must be on before K, and K must be on before N.
Question: The following lists the order of serving from the first to the seventh, which one meets the conditions?
Choices: A. Q, M, P, L, X, K, N.
B. Q, M, X, P, K, N, L.
C. L, P, M, Q, X, K, N.
D. M, Q, K, L, P, X, N.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: After all the cold dishes at the banquet at one table were served, there were 7 hot dishes. Among them, three Sichuan dishes? K, L, M? three Cantonese dishes? Q, N, P? one Shandong dish? X. Only one hot dish can be served at a time, and the order of serving must meet the following conditions? (1) Cannot serve Sichuan cuisine or Cantonese cuisine continuously. (2) Unless the second is on Q, P cannot be on before Q. (3) P must be on before X. (4) M must be on before K, and K must be on before N.
Question: If the fourth goes to X, which of the following statements must be true?
Choices: A. First on Q.
B. The third on Q.
C. The second on M.
D. The third on M.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: After all the cold dishes at the banquet at one table were served, there were 7 hot dishes. Among them, three Sichuan dishes? K, L, M? three Cantonese dishes? Q, N, P? one Shandong dish? X. Only one hot dish can be served at a time, and the order of serving must meet the following conditions? (1) Cannot serve Sichuan cuisine or Cantonese cuisine continuously. (2) Unless the second is on Q, P cannot be on before Q. (3) P must be on before X. (4) M must be on before K, and K must be on before N.
Question: If the fourth is K, which of the following statements may be true?
Choices: A. Fifth on P.
B. Sixth on X.
C. Fifth on L.
D. First on M.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: After all the cold dishes at the banquet at one table were served, there were 7 hot dishes. Among them, three Sichuan dishes? K, L, M? three Cantonese dishes? Q, N, P? one Shandong dish? X. Only one hot dish can be served at a time, and the order of serving must meet the following conditions? (1) Cannot serve Sichuan cuisine or Cantonese cuisine continuously. (2) Unless the second is on Q, P cannot be on before Q. (3) P must be on before X. (4) M must be on before K, and K must be on before N.
Question: Which of the following may be true?
Choices: A. The second on P.
B. The third on N.
C. The second on K.
D. Second on L.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: After all the cold dishes at the banquet at one table were served, there were 7 hot dishes. Among them, three Sichuan dishes? K, L, M? three Cantonese dishes? Q, N, P? one Shandong dish? X. Only one hot dish can be served at a time, and the order of serving must meet the following conditions? (1) Cannot serve Sichuan cuisine or Cantonese cuisine continuously. (2) Unless the second is on Q, P cannot be on before Q. (3) P must be on before X. (4) M must be on before K, and K must be on before N.
Question: If the third is M, which of the following statements may be true?
Choices: A. Fifth on X.
B. First on Q.
C. Sixth on L.
D. Fourth on K.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: People may be divided into two categories? those with a little ambition and those without. For ordinary people, that little ambition is a firm motivation to pull themselves out of the ordinary life; without that little ambition, they can only be overwhelmed by the ordinary life slowly, without power or even ignorance. In an era of change, that little ambition may lead to magnificent results.
Question: Which of the following statements constitutes a refutation of the above view?
Choices: A. Liu Bei, who made straw shoes, never forgot that he was an uncle. Based on this, he was empty from two hands to one-third of the world.
B. Although Zhang Xiong is aspiring, he is talented and uncommon. He has worked hard all his life, but nothing has happened, and he has been bruised.
C. Liu Qin has no ambitions or special talents. With her natural beauty, she has done a lot of things with the help of nobles throughout her life.
D. Sister Chrysanthemum is neither high-spirited nor beautiful, but she is very self-respecting and constantly tossing her life.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: On July 16, 2013, Snowden, the whistleblower of the US "Prism Gate" incident, formally submitted an application for asylum to Russia. The United States has been hunting for Snowden. If Russia accepts Snowden's application, it will surely lead to the deterioration of Russia-US relations. However, there are high voices in Russia and other countries in the world that Snowden is a defender of the rights of the people of the world. If he refuses his application, Russia will suffer moral and national dignity.
Question: If the above statement is true, which of the following statements must be true?
Choices: A. Russia does not want the Snowden incident to harm Russia-US relations.
B. Russia will not give Snowden to the United States, but may send him to a third country.
C. If Snowden's asylum application is accepted, Russia will not be compromised morally or nationally.
D. If Russia does not want to worsen relations between Russia and the United States, it will suffer morally and national dignity.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: The certification conditions for organic vegetables in Japan are very harsh, requiring that the land where organic vegetables are grown have not used any pesticides or fertilizers within 3 years. The selling price of Japanese organic vegetables is only 20% -30% higher than ordinary vegetables. In China, the price of organic vegetables is several times or even 10 times that of ordinary vegetables. This shows that China's organic vegetable cultivation industry is a huge profit industry.
Question: Which of the following statements is the above conclusion needs to be assumed?
Choices: A. The price of ordinary vegetables in Japan is not too high.
B. Chinese people's general concerns about food safety have led to a shortage of organic vegetables.
C. Chinese organic vegetables are no more expensive than Japanese organic vegetables.
D. The price of ordinary vegetables in China is completely marketized, and the profit margin is normal.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: The article "Essence of Great Medicine" comes from the first volume of "Preparing for Thousands of Gold" written by Sun Simiao of the Tang Dynasty in China. This article discusses the qualities that a good doctor should have? First, it means that the doctor must have excellent medical skills;.
Question: The following statements can be logically derived from the above, except.
Choices: A. People with superb medical skills are good doctors.
B. A good doctor should have a noble character.
C. No superb medical skills, noble character alone, and not a good doctor.
D. Without noble character, you cannot be a good doctor.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: For a period of time, the so-called "God Reply" of government officials has appeared one after another on the Internet, which has aroused public concern about the phenomenon of "thunder words" by officials. According to media reports, a local official asked an expert "finless finless porpoise". When he received a "not good" response, the official said, "Why do you want to protect it?".
Question: The following items are all implicit in the local official ’s words, except.
Choices: A. We only protect finless porpoises.
B. If the finless porpoise is not tasty, we will not protect it.
C. For animal protection, the first thing to consider is whether the protected animal is delicious.
D. Whether or not the animal needs protection is irrelevant whether it is delicious.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: The Huang fish in Qinghai Lake is a delicious fish. In recent years, due to the deterioration of the natural environment and the overfishing of people, the number has greatly reduced and it has become a rare animal. All rare animals are animals that need protection.
Question: If the above statement is true, the following statements must be true, except.
Choices: A. Some rare animals are delicious fish.
B. Some animals that need to be protected are not Huangyu of Qinghai Lake.
C. Some delicious fish are animals that need protection.
D. All the animals that do not need to be protected are not the yellowtail fish in Qinghai Lake.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: A famous painter recently said? I am old, but I am busy all day, and I have no time to think about death or thinking. Besides, if you die, you die, and it ’s not just me who will die alone, nobody else will die. Li Bai is dead, Su Dongpo is dead, and Cao Xueqin is dead, too. It's just that future generations are reading their works.
Question: From the painter's words, which of the following statements can only be logically derived?
Choices: A. Everyone except the painter will die.
B. The painter will die.
C. Not all people will not die.
D. If the painter will die, at least some other people will die.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Most of my open-minded friends have read a lot of books, but most of my non-open-minded friends are not. The more you read, the more likely you are to be challenged by new ideas, and your perseverance in your thoughts will be weakened, which makes sense. Reading also frees you from daily life and shows you the diversity and richness of life. Therefore, reading makes people open.
Question: If the following statement is true, which one most strongly weakens the conclusion above?
Choices: A. Someone loves reading literary works, especially poems, and later writes poems by himself. Now he is a very famous poet.
B. Some people have read a lot of books, and every time they read a book, it makes sense. Different reasons keep fighting in their heads, and they are almost crazy.
C. If you only selectively read books of a certain type or opinion, it is likely that the more you read, the more paranoid.
D. Some people like to put themselves in when they read. When they read "Dream of Red Mansions", they feel that they are Lin Daiyu or Jia Baoyu.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Dr. Melissa Moore of Stanford University in the United States? "Oh My God? A Brief History of Swearing" talked about an interesting phenomenon? some patients with Alzheimer's disease or stroke have completely lost their language ability , Can still say a certain swear word repeatedly. This is confusing? aren't swear words talking?
Question: If the following statement is true, which one best explains the above phenomenon?
Choices: A. Of the approximately 1 million English words, although only a dozen are swear words, they are used very frequently.
B. Research by brain scientists confirmed that the human spirit can change the state of the body in a physiological sense.
C. Swearing is the most expressive word for extreme emotions. Swearing can reduce stress and help to endure pain.
D. General words are stored in the upper brain area that controls autonomous behavior and rational thinking, while swear words are stored in the lower brain area responsible for emotions and instincts.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Asiana Airlines ’Boeing 777 crash at San Francisco Airport resulted in the death of three Chinese girls. This incident triggered public attention to aviation safety. Statistics show that from the 1950s to the present, the accident rate of civil flights has been declining. The number of deaths per 100 million passenger kilometers was 2.78 in 1945, 0.90 in the 1950s, and 0.013 in the past 30 years. However, the absolute number of civil aviation accidents has increased in recent decades.
Question: If the following statement is true, which one can best explain the seemingly contradictory phenomenon?
Choices: A. Information technology is changing with each passing day, and now if a civil aviation accident occurs in a certain place, the news will soon spread throughout the world.
B. In terms of civil aviation safety, the EU has the lowest accident rate, and Africa has the highest accident rate.
C. The volume of civil aviation transportation has grown rapidly in recent decades.
D. In recent decades, the earth ’s climate has changed abnormally, and severe weather such as fog has increased.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: A small academic seminar on "Dream of Red Mansions" was held somewhere. Of the participants, 4 were Northerners, 3 were Heilongjiang, 1 was Guizhou; 3 were writers, 2 were literary critics, and 1 was a professor; the above mentioned were all participants.
Question: According to the above statement, how many people are the least likely to attend the seminar? How many people are the most likely?
Choices: A. There may be a minimum of 4 people and a maximum of 6 people.
B. There may be at least 5 people and at most 11 people.
C. There may be a minimum of 6 people and a maximum of 14 people.
D. There may be at least 8 people and at most 10 people.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Wang Gang? It is confirmed that more than 80% of heroin users have a history of smoking marijuana. Such data seem to indicate that smoking cannabis will definitely lead to heroin consumption. Li Yan? Perhaps smoking marijuana will indeed lead to heroin, but it is ridiculous to quote the statistics you mentioned to confirm this, because 100% of heroin users have a history of drinking water.
Question: In response to Wang Gang's discussion, which of the following demonstration techniques did Li Yan use?
Choices: A. Provide an example to show that anything that does not induce the use of heroin is unsafe.
B. Question the practice of establishing causality based solely on statistical data.
C. Provide evidence that the statistics used by Wang Gang to support his conclusions are inaccurate.
D. Show that his argument is flawed by showing that Wang Gang's argument will lead to an obviously wrong conclusion.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: A study shows that eating celery helps to suppress aggressive emotions.151 women were surveyed. Of the women who said they often eat celery, 95% said they rarely have aggressive feelings or are irritated. Among women who do not eat celery often, 53% report that they often have anxiety, anger and combative emotions.
Question: The following statements all weaken the conclusions above, except.
Choices: A. Those women who often eat celery pay more attention to fitness, and fitness consumes a lot of physical energy, is very tired, and suppresses the aggressive mood.
B. Female interviewees are susceptible to hints and are more willing to cooperate. They will cooperate with researchers intentionally or unintentionally to answer questions in the direction they want.
C. Like the effect of placebo, eating celery will suppress the aggressive mood, which stimulated a series of psychological and mental activities of female respondents and made them feel less aggressive.
D. Celery has the effects of calming the liver, clearing away heat, removing annoyance and reducing swelling, detoxifying the lungs, strengthening the stomach and blood, lowering blood pressure, and brain sedation.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: It is generally believed that human aesthetic judgment is subjective, and it is indeed the case in a short period of time. People often have big differences in the evaluation of contemporary art works. However, as time goes by, the subjective factors in aesthetics gradually disappear. When a work of art can continue to bring joy and beauty to people for centuries, just like Da Vinci's paintings and Bach's music, we can fairly objectively call it a great work.
Question: Which of the following statements best supports the above statement?
Choices: A. When Leonardo and Bach were alive, people's evaluation of their works was different.
B. It is difficult to make an objective determination of the value of contemporary art works.
C. For the same work of art, people's evaluations in different times are very different.
D. If critics agree on a contemporary art work, this work is a great work.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Even the most diligent people in the world cannot finish all the books in the world.
Question: Which of the following is the logical corollary of the statement above?
Choices: A. The most diligent people in the world must not be able to read all the books in the world.
B. The most diligent people in the world may not be able to read all the books in the world.
C. The most diligent person in the world may finish all the books in the world.
D. The person who reads all the books in the world must be the most diligent person in the world.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Advertisement? "Zhi Lixiao" is a new type of diet pills, which can effectively help fat people lose weight. In clinical trials, only 6 out of 100 people taking Zhilixiao reported side effects. Therefore, 94% of people have a positive effect after taking Zhilixiao, which is the most effective weight loss drug on the market.
Question: Which of the following statements most appropriately points out the problem with the advertisement?
Choices: A. The advertisement depreciates other weight loss pills, but does not provide enough evidence that there is unfair competition.
B. The advertisement makes a suspicious assumption? if the drug has no side effects, it will have a positive effect on weight loss.
C. When the advertisement proves the weight loss effect of Zhilixiao, the sample data provided is too small to be representative.
D. Moving flowers, exaggerating, false propaganda, this is a common problem of all advertisements, and this advertisement is no exception.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Most excellent athletes have good psychological qualities. Most excellent athletes have achieved good results in the competition, and all athletes who have achieved good results in the competition are trained hard.
Question: Which of the following statements can be appropriately derived from the above statement?
Choices: A. Most hard-working athletes have good psychological qualities.
B. Some athletes with good psychological qualities are trained hard.
C. All excellent athletes are trained hard.
D. Some athletes who do not have good psychological quality have achieved good results in the competition.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: The People's Bank of China announced that from July 20, 2013, the interest rate control of financial institutions' loans will be fully liberalized. However, only by liberalizing the upper limit of deposit interest rates can we truly realize the marketization of interest rates. If the government does not voluntarily give up its own power, market forces will be difficult to play a role. Once the upper limit of deposit interest rates is lifted, interest rate wars will begin between banks, leading to increased financial risks. If financial risks rise, a deposit insurance system needs to be established.
Question: If the above statement is true, which of the following statements must be true?
Choices: A. With the deepening of reform, sooner or later China will truly realize the marketization of interest rates.
B. Only by establishing a deposit insurance system can China truly realize the marketization of interest rates.
C. As long as the government voluntarily gives up its own power, market forces can play a role.
D. As long as the deposit insurance system is established, financial risks can be effectively avoided.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: When scientists cloned a certain housefly, they changed a single gene of the housefly. The housefly thus cloned did not have ultraviolet vision because they lacked the eye cells that make the housefly have ultraviolet vision. At the same time, Musca domestica cloned in a conventional manner (without gene modification) has normal vision. Scientists have thus shown that this housefly without UV vision must have some kind of defect or damage in this gene.
Question: Which of the following statements is the hypothesis required for this argument?
Choices: A. Scientists have a good understanding of the relationship between the housefly's genes and their vision.
B. This housefly does not need other genes when generating UV vision cells.
C. All types of house flies have ultraviolet vision.
D. Except for the lack of UV vision cells, changing this gene has no other effect on house flies.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Every evil has a reason, but all evil has no excuse. I ca n’t be obliged to be evil because the evil comes from above; I ca n’t be qualified to be evil because everyone else is so evil? I ca n’t even be evil because someone is evil to myself. Therefore, every specific evil must be condemned. If respect for life must be specific to single digits, then the condemnation of sin must also be specific to single digits.
Question: The following statements conflict with the ideas expressed above, except.
Choices: A. Chen Shui made the Xiamen bus arson case. Although it is unreasonable, it is justifiable? He is a weak person in the society and has been treated unfairly by many people.
B. A Nazi officer poisoned hundreds of Jews in a concentration camp. He was carrying out the orders of his superiors.
C. During the Cultural Revolution, Huang Xiaomeng at the university criticized their university professors and beat one of them into disability. At that time, the whole of China was crazy. He was just wrapped in this kind of madness. Besides, he was too young.
D. No life can be harmed innocently, even if you hold high the banner of justice.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: The sun about 2 billion years ago was 30% darker than the current sun. If the current sun is as dim as the sun at that time, the ocean on earth will completely freeze into ice. However, there is fossil evidence that as early as 3.8 billion years ago, liquid water and life existed on Earth.
Question: If the following statement is true, which one is most helpful to eliminate the obvious inconsistencies in the above description?
Choices: A. .8 billion years ago, the earth ’s atmosphere could retain significantly more heat than the current atmosphere.
B. The liquid water that appeared on the earth 3.8 billion years ago later froze again, and only re-melted about 2 billion years ago.
C. About 2 billion years ago, a powerful heat source that did not come from the sun melted large chunks of ice on the earth.
D. There is evidence that certain areas of the ocean have been frozen until a period later than 2 billion years ago.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Experts? The board of directors of a listed company is usually composed of large shareholders. Small shareholders cannot enter the board of directors because of their small equity, so the interests of small shareholders are easily violated by large shareholders. The establishment of an independent director system is to hope that independent directors can represent minority shareholders and form checks and balances against major shareholders. However, independent directors are hired and paid by the company's board of directors, which forms an economic “alliance” relationship between the independent directors and the company's board of directors, making it difficult for independent directors to exercise their power as independent shareholders.
Question: If the following statement is true, which one most strongly supports the above expert's conclusion?
Choices: A. If independent directors challenge the company's board of directors to protect the interests of minority shareholders, the result is often dismissed by the company's board of directors.
B. Some independent directors dare to protect the interests of minority shareholders, despite the great pressure.
C. At present, the independent director system of Chinese listed companies is not yet perfect.
D. Many retired senior officials have served as independent directors of Chinese listed companies.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Many people think that online dating is not reliable. A research team from the University of Chicago conducted an online survey of 19,000 Americans who married between 2005 and 2012 and found that more than a third of them met their spouses through dating sites or social networks such as Facebook; these respondents The overall divorce rate is much lower than the average divorce rate. This survey shows that online dating is very reliable in achieving a stable marriage.
Question: If the following statement is true, which one most strongly challenges the above conclusion?
Choices: A. People who still follow the traditional offline dating method are either very old or very young.
B. The funder behind the study is a dating site.
C. The respondents' marriage time is relatively short.
D. Compared with online dating, work contact, friend introduction, and attending the same school are more common ways to find a spouse.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: When the local government auctions land, it has a basic price, which is called the “land base price”; the ratio of the amount of money that exceeds the base price of the land to the base price of the land is called the “premium rate”. The level of the premium rate marks the popularity of the land and property markets. City B has a piece of land. During the first listing this year, it was temporarily suspended because the premium rate will reach a new high. The second listing ended with a premium rate lower than the first listing, but the total amount of transactions exceeded the amount that the first listing might reach.
Question: If the following statement is true, which item best explains the seemingly inconsistent phenomenon?
Choices: A. When the land in City A. B was listed for the second time, the government raised its base price.
B. This year, City B has implemented the strictest real estate regulation and control policies in the country.
C. At present, the income from land auction is an important financial source for local governments.
D. When the land in City D. B was listed for the second time, the level of competition among developers was far more intense than the first.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Recently, Fonterra Dairy Group of New Zealand reported to the government that one of its raw material samples contained botulinum. In fact, New Zealand and China do not include botulinum in milk powder testing projects, and there are no reports of pathogenic products. Fonterra's exposure of its ugliness may be due to the moral conscience of the company, or it may be concerned about punishment, because in New Zealand, if the company cannot deal with food safety issues in time, it will be severely punished. This shows that Fonterra's self-exposure is not really out of moral conscience.
Question: Which of the following reasoning has the same logical error as the above reasoning?
Choices: A. Fish and bear paws can't have both.
B. The offender is either A or B. It has been found that the perpetrator is A. so the perpetrator is not B.
C. If one is immersed in worldly life, one cannot become a philosopher. Therefore, if you want to be a philosopher, you should give up the lifestyle of ordinary people.
D. Food and clothing are enough to know honor and shame.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: During the Second World War, the US and British Air Forces carried out a large bombing of Germany, and they also suffered heavy losses. Experts found that all returned planes were covered with bullet marks on the belly, but the wings were intact. They inferred from this that the belly of the aircraft was very vulnerable to artillery fire, and that the belly protection should be improved. It was later confirmed that these experts were affected by the "survivor deviation" when inferred, because the actual situation is that all the aircraft that were hit on the wing fell, and most of the aircraft that were only hit on the belly of the aircraft returned.
Question: The following statements all have similar "survivor bias" except.
Choices: A. Beauty and handsome guys have a great advantage in the competition in the workplace. They are easy to get high-paying positions.
B. It is easy to succeed when you drop out and start a business during college, for example, Bill Gates.
C. Smoking may be beneficial to health and longevity. For example, Deng Xiaoping and Huang Yongyu are both old smokers, but they all live long.
D. In a random sampling survey with a sufficiently large sample, it was found that in China, the most popular TV program is "news broadcasting".

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: My running ability has never been very strong, but since using X brand running shoes, my running performance has improved significantly. Now I can run faster and farther, and my muscles are less sore after running. "Runner" magazine also said that X brand running shoes are the best-selling on the market. Therefore, anyone who wants to improve their running performance should buy X brand running shoes.
Question: From the above, it is possible to draw a conclusion more reasonable than the conclusion drawn by "I", except.
Choices: A. Anyone who does not buy X-brand running shoes is someone who does not want to improve running performance.
B. Runners similar to "I" should buy X-brand running shoes.
C. If you buy X brand running shoes, it will make you run faster and farther.
D. If the runner is not satisfied with the current running shoes, he is advised to buy X brand running shoes.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Scientists? It has been proved that the adoption of new farming methods can enable some well-managed farms to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and antibiotics without significantly reducing production or even increasing production. Critics? Not really. The farm you choose is the one most likely to succeed using these new methods. Why not mention those farms that tried new methods but failed in the end?
Question: Which of the following statements best evaluates the critics' rebuttal?
Choices: A. Critics believe that the new farming methods should be able to be generalized.
B. Critics have shown that if the number of farms under study is greatly increased, different results will be obtained.
C. Critics assume for no reason that some farm failures are not caused by their soil quality.
D. The critic's rebuttal is wrong, because the scientist aims to show that a certain situation may occur, which has nothing to do with whether the research object is representative.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Critics? As the practice of electronic monitoring of employees becomes more and more common, and thus personal privacy is becoming more intrusive, I have heard more and more defenses from employers on this practice. They explained that monitoring is to keep employees honest, efficient and courteous to customers. I think that this explanation is obviously for the employers themselves, and it simply cannot show that the unreasonable violation of personal privacy is justified.
Question: Which of the following most appropriately points out a flaw in the critic's argument?
Choices: A. Attack an argument that is different from the argument actually put forward by the employer.
B. Assume that employees will never be dishonest, inefficient, or impolite to customers.
C. Attack employers ’motives rather than refute their defenses.
D. Summarized based on a biased sample.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: No computer can do everything the human brain can do, because some problems cannot be solved by running any mechanical program. Computers can only solve problems by running mechanical programs.
Question: Which of the following statements is the assumption that the above discussion relies on?
Choices: A. There is at least one problem that can be solved by running a mechanical program, but it cannot be solved by anyone's brain.
B. There is at least one problem. It cannot be solved by running any mechanical program, but it can be solved by at least one person's brain.
C. There is at least one problem that can be solved by running any mechanical program, but cannot be solved by anyone's brain.
D. Every problem can be solved by everyone's brain if it can be solved by running at least one mechanical program.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: In the novel "Article 22 Military Regulations" of the American writer Joseph Heller, Article 22 Military Regulations stipulates that only when a soldier's mental status is abnormal and he applies for suspension of flight, can he be allowed to stop flying. According to common sense, if a soldier is aware of the danger of flying and submits an application to stop flying, it shows that his mind is clear and his spirit cannot be abnormal.
Question: Which of the following statements is the logical inference above?
Choices: A. If a person is mentally abnormal, he will be allowed to stop flying.
B. No one can be allowed to stop flying.
C. If a person can realize that there is a danger of flying, it shows that he is mentally normal.
D. If a person can file an application to stop flying, it shows that his spirit cannot be abnormal.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Judges in some states of the United States are elected. Elections usually require financial support from interest groups, which may directly or indirectly affect judicial justice. A study showed that in cases where the party involved was its own campaign sponsor, 65% of the judges of the Supreme Court of Louisiana supported the campaign sponsor. This shows that there is a correlation between the campaign funding granted to the judge and the judgment in favor of the sponsor.
Question: Which of the following statements best points out the problems in the above argument?
Choices: A. The argument improperly presupposes that in a case where the party involved is a campaign sponsor, the proportion of judgments supporting the sponsor should not exceed 50%.
B. The argument failed to explain the impact of the amount of campaign funding on the judgment.
C. The argument ignores the fact that under the circumstances that campaign funding and judicial decisions are completely transparent, the media's supervision of justice is everywhere.
D. The argument does not give the proportion of campaign sponsors among all involved parties.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: The concepts of physics are usually very standardized and rigorous. The physical quantities represented by physics terms have clear definitions, measurement methods and conversion relationships. For dark energy, physicists and cosmologists still know nothing about it. "Dark energy" refers to the most profound problem in current cosmology.
Question: Which of the following statements is most appropriate to continue the above as its conclusion?
Choices: A. "Dark energy" is obviously not a clear physics concept.
B. Scientists use "dark energy" to name a cosmic puzzle is helpless.
C. "Dark energy" refers to the confusing phenomenon that the previously discovered universe is accelerating expansion.
D. Scientists still do not know the deep connotation behind the term "dark energy".

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Traditional memory theory believes that memory is like a videotape, and each recollection is to find a certain video in the corresponding time from the brain and play it back. Scene construction theory gives another explanation for memory? the human brain only records some fragments when encoding memory; when needed, the human brain connects these fragments in a logical and consistent manner with the subject's current belief state And make supplements to form memories.
Question: The phenomena listed below are all explained by the scene construction theory but not by the traditional memory theory, except.
Choices: A. Some people with Alzheimer's disease will lose their memory.
B. The content of a person ’s multiple memories of the same past will change.
C. A statistic shows that witnesses will identify people who the police knows to be incorrect in 20% -25% of cases.
D. Kimberly Weber, a British psychologist, succeeded in implanting him or her with false memories of childhood by showing some synthetic fake photos to the subjects.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Since the beginning of 2013, Beijing has suffered from the haze weather that lasted for many days. The "Beijing Cough" caused by air pollution has become one of the hot topics of discussion. In order to solve the dilemma of the haze, some experts suggested that starting with buses, taxis and municipal public vehicles, electric vehicles should be used instead of fuel vehicles, and then gradually extended to other social vehicles.
Question: If the following statement is true, which one most strongly questioned the above experts' suggestions?
Choices: A. From the perspective of vehicle purchase and use costs, electric vehicles currently do not have a competitive advantage over fuel vehicles.
B. Research on the effects of electric vehicle emission reduction in the United Kingdom and the United States shows that electric vehicles that use coal power will generally lead to more pollutant emissions.
C. Electric cars in Beijing use coal power. Electric car power will increase coal consumption and particulate emissions in the surrounding power supply provinces, resulting in haze.
D. Controlling atmospheric pollution is a complex project, and a single control measure is difficult to work.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: Since 1987, the birth rate of the Chinese population has gradually decreased. The labor shortage marked by the “migrant worker shortage” first appeared in 2004, and the absolute number of labor will gradually decrease after peaking around 2013. In the future, in order to ensure employment, enterprises must increase workers' wages and benefits, thereby increasing the proportion of labor costs in total production costs.
Question: If the following statement is true, which one can pose the strongest challenge to the above conclusion?
Choices: A. The process of "aging" in Chinese society is accelerating, and relevant departments have proposed delaying retirement to solve the problem of pension shortage.
B. Some domestic labor-intensive enterprises began to increase the number of robots on the production line.
C. The relevant departments are studying whether appropriate adjustments should be made to the family planning policy.
D. Enterprises will try their best to reduce production costs in order to maintain profits.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D


Question:
Context: The function of the government is to satisfy the real needs of the people. Unless the government knows what the people really need, the government cannot meet those needs. Free speech can ensure that government officials hear such demand information. Therefore, for a healthy country, free speech is essential.
Question: If the following statement is true, which one cannot weaken the conclusion of the above argument?
Choices: A. Freedom of expression is not sufficient to meet the needs of the people, and good social order is also indispensable.
B. The legitimate function of the government is not to meet the needs of the people, but to provide the people with equal opportunities.
C. Government officials are diligent and loyal to the people and do their due diligence. They already know what the people need and are dissatisfied.
D. Free speech leads to a lot of noise and is easy to disrupt the social order, and good social order is a prerequisite for the government to meet the needs of the people.

Choices:
- A
- B
- C
- D