"""Audio encoding and iterative unmasking inference.

Adapted from midmid/prediction/model.py for standalone use.
Device management is caller-controlled (for ZeroGPU compatibility).
"""

import itertools as _it
import json
import math
from pathlib import Path
from typing import Optional

import numpy as np
import torch

from midmid.nn import (
    ChartMaskPredictor, ChartMaskPredictorConfig,
    MASK_TOKEN, SILENCE_TOKEN,
)
from midmid.datatypes import NoteEvent

MERT_MODEL_ID = "m-a-p/MERT-v1-95M"

DIFF_ID = {"easy": 0, "medium": 1, "hard": 2, "expert": 3}

# Class ID -> fret tuple
_CLASS_TO_FRETS: list[tuple[int, ...]] = []
for _r in range(1, 6):
    _CLASS_TO_FRETS.extend(_it.combinations(range(5), _r))
_CLASS_TO_FRETS.append((7,))  # class 31 = open

# Sustain bucket center values in beats
_BUCKET_BEATS = [0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0, 16.0]


# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Model loading (safetensors from HF Hub)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

def load_model_from_hub(
    repo_id: str = "markury/midmid3-19m-0326",
    device: str = "cpu",
) -> ChartMaskPredictor:
    """Download and load model from HuggingFace Hub (safetensors)."""
    from huggingface_hub import hf_hub_download
    from safetensors.torch import load_file

    config_path = hf_hub_download(repo_id, "config.json")
    weights_path = hf_hub_download(repo_id, "model.safetensors")

    with open(config_path) as f:
        config_dict = json.load(f)

    config = ChartMaskPredictorConfig(**config_dict)
    model = ChartMaskPredictor(config)

    state_dict = load_file(weights_path, device=device)
    model.load_state_dict(state_dict)
    model.to(device)
    model.eval()
    return model


# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# MERT audio encoding (lazy-loaded)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

_mert_model = None
_mert_processor = None
_mert_frame_rate = None


def _ensure_mert(device: torch.device):
    """Load MERT model and processor on first use."""
    global _mert_model, _mert_processor, _mert_frame_rate
    if _mert_model is not None:
        # Move to correct device if needed
        if next(_mert_model.parameters()).device != device:
            _mert_model.to(device)
        return

    from transformers import AutoModel, Wav2Vec2FeatureExtractor

    print(f"Loading MERT ({MERT_MODEL_ID}) ...")
    _mert_processor = Wav2Vec2FeatureExtractor.from_pretrained(
        MERT_MODEL_ID, trust_remote_code=True,
    )
    _mert_model = AutoModel.from_pretrained(MERT_MODEL_ID, trust_remote_code=True)
    _mert_model.to(device)
    _mert_model.eval()

    # Compute frame rate dynamically
    sr = _mert_processor.sampling_rate
    test_wav = np.zeros(sr, dtype=np.float32)
    inputs = _mert_processor(test_wav, sampling_rate=sr, return_tensors="pt")
    inputs = {k: v.to(device) for k, v in inputs.items()}
    with torch.no_grad():
        out = _mert_model(**inputs, output_hidden_states=False)
    _mert_frame_rate = float(out.last_hidden_state.shape[1])
    print(f"  MERT frame rate: {_mert_frame_rate:.2f} Hz")


def move_models_to_device(device: torch.device):
    """Move all cached models to the specified device (for ZeroGPU)."""
    global _mert_model
    if _mert_model is not None:
        _mert_model.to(device)


@torch.no_grad()
def encode_audio_mert(
    audio_path: str,
    device: torch.device,
    chunk_sec: float = 60.0,
) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, float]:
    """Encode audio with MERT, return (embeddings, frame_rate)."""
    import librosa
    _ensure_mert(device)

    sr = _mert_processor.sampling_rate
    wav, _ = librosa.load(audio_path, sr=sr, mono=True)

    chunk_samples = int(chunk_sec * sr)
    overlap_sec = 5.0
    overlap_samples = int(overlap_sec * sr)
    stride_samples = chunk_samples - overlap_samples

    if len(wav) <= chunk_samples:
        inputs = _mert_processor(wav, sampling_rate=sr, return_tensors="pt")
        inputs = {k: v.to(device) for k, v in inputs.items()}
        out = _mert_model(**inputs, output_hidden_states=False)
        return out.last_hidden_state.squeeze(0).cpu(), _mert_frame_rate

    # Chunked processing for long audio
    all_emb = []
    pos = 0
    idx = 0
    while pos < len(wav):
        end = min(pos + chunk_samples, len(wav))
        chunk = wav[pos:end]
        min_len = chunk_samples // 4
        if len(chunk) < min_len:
            chunk = np.pad(chunk, (0, min_len - len(chunk)))

        inputs = _mert_processor(chunk, sampling_rate=sr, return_tensors="pt")
        inputs = {k: v.to(device) for k, v in inputs.items()}
        out = _mert_model(**inputs, output_hidden_states=False)
        emb = out.last_hidden_state.squeeze(0)

        n = emb.shape[0]
        fps = n / (len(chunk) / sr)
        half_overlap = int(round((overlap_sec / 2) * fps))

        if idx == 0:
            keep = n - half_overlap if end < len(wav) else n
            all_emb.append(emb[:keep].cpu())
        elif end >= len(wav):
            all_emb.append(emb[half_overlap:].cpu())
        else:
            keep = int(round((len(chunk) / sr - overlap_sec) * fps))
            all_emb.append(emb[half_overlap:half_overlap + keep].cpu())

        pos += stride_samples
        idx += 1

    return torch.cat(all_emb, dim=0), _mert_frame_rate


# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Grid helpers
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

def _build_16th_grid(fretbars):
    """Build 16th-note timestamps (ms) from beat positions."""
    if len(fretbars) < 2:
        return list(fretbars)
    positions = []
    for i in range(len(fretbars) - 1):
        start = fretbars[i]
        interval = fretbars[i + 1] - start
        for sub in range(4):
            positions.append(start + sub * interval / 4.0)
    positions.append(fretbars[-1])
    return positions


def _get_local_beat_ms(grid_idx, fretbars):
    beat_idx = min(grid_idx // 4, len(fretbars) - 2)
    beat_idx = max(0, beat_idx)
    if beat_idx + 1 < len(fretbars):
        return fretbars[beat_idx + 1] - fretbars[beat_idx]
    return 500.0


# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Main inference
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

@torch.no_grad()
def predict_notes(
    audio_path: str,
    model: ChartMaskPredictor,
    beat_times: list[float],
    difficulty: str = "expert",
    device: torch.device = None,
    num_steps: int = 12,
    temperature: float = 0.9,
) -> list[NoteEvent]:
    """MaskGIT-style iterative unmasking inference."""
    if device is None:
        device = torch.device("cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu")
    dev = device
    model.to(dev)
    model.eval()

    fretbars = [t * 1000.0 for t in beat_times]
    if len(fretbars) < 2:
        return []

    # MERT embeddings
    embeddings, frame_rate = encode_audio_mert(audio_path, dev)

    # Build grid and sample MERT frames with windowing
    grid_times = _build_16th_grid(fretbars)
    num_positions = len(grid_times)
    max_frame = embeddings.shape[0] - 1
    frame_indices = torch.tensor(
        [min(int(round(t / 1000.0 * frame_rate)), max_frame)
         for t in grid_times], dtype=torch.long,
    )

    window = 2
    if window > 0 and max_frame >= window * 2:
        padded = torch.nn.functional.pad(
            embeddings.unsqueeze(0), (0, 0, window, window), mode="replicate",
        ).squeeze(0)
        shifted = frame_indices + window
        stacked = torch.stack(
            [padded[shifted + d] for d in range(-window, window + 1)], dim=0,
        )
        grid_emb = stacked.mean(dim=0)
    else:
        grid_emb = embeddings[frame_indices]

    # Compute and concat audio features if model expects them
    if model.config.audio_dim > grid_emb.shape[-1]:
        import librosa as _lr
        wav, _ = _lr.load(audio_path, sr=24000, mono=True)
        hop = 320
        onset = _lr.onset.onset_strength(y=wav, sr=24000, hop_length=hop)
        rms_arr = _lr.feature.rms(y=wav, hop_length=hop)[0]
        centroid = _lr.feature.spectral_centroid(y=wav, sr=24000, hop_length=hop)[0]

        def _norm(x):
            mn, mx = x.min(), x.max()
            return (x - mn) / max(mx - mn, 1e-8)

        onset, rms_arr, centroid = _norm(onset), _norm(rms_arr), _norm(centroid)
        af_rate = 24000 / hop
        af_max = len(onset) - 1
        af_indices = [min(int(round(t / 1000.0 * af_rate)), af_max) for t in grid_times]
        af_tensor = torch.tensor(
            [[onset[i], rms_arr[i], centroid[i]] for i in af_indices],
            dtype=torch.float32,
        )
        grid_emb = torch.cat([grid_emb, af_tensor], dim=-1)

    audio_features = grid_emb.unsqueeze(0).to(dev)

    diff_id = DIFF_ID.get(difficulty, 3)
    diff_tensor = torch.tensor([diff_id], dtype=torch.long, device=dev)
    padding_mask = torch.ones(1, num_positions, dtype=torch.bool, device=dev)

    # Start fully masked
    chart_tokens = torch.full(
        (1, num_positions), MASK_TOKEN, dtype=torch.long, device=dev,
    )

    # Cosine unmasking schedule
    schedule = []
    for step in range(num_steps):
        r_prev = math.cos(math.pi / 2 * step / num_steps)
        r_next = math.cos(math.pi / 2 * (step + 1) / num_steps)
        n_unmask = max(1, int((r_prev - r_next) * num_positions))
        schedule.append(n_unmask)

    # Iterative unmasking
    for step in range(num_steps):
        outputs = model(audio_features, chart_tokens, diff_tensor, padding_mask)
        token_logits = outputs["token_logits"].squeeze(0)

        is_masked = (chart_tokens.squeeze(0) == MASK_TOKEN)
        masked_indices = is_masked.nonzero(as_tuple=True)[0]

        if len(masked_indices) == 0:
            break

        probs = torch.softmax(token_logits / temperature, dim=-1)
        sampled = torch.multinomial(probs, num_samples=1).squeeze(-1)

        n_unmask = min(schedule[step], len(masked_indices))
        perm = torch.randperm(len(masked_indices), device=dev)
        unmask_idx = masked_indices[perm[:n_unmask]]
        chart_tokens[0, unmask_idx] = sampled[unmask_idx]

    # Final pass for sustain predictions
    outputs = model(audio_features, chart_tokens, diff_tensor, padding_mask)
    sustain_prob = outputs["sustain_logits"].squeeze(0).squeeze(-1).sigmoid()
    dur_pred = outputs["duration_logits"].squeeze(0).argmax(dim=-1)

    # Convert tokens to NoteEvents
    tokens = chart_tokens.squeeze(0).cpu()
    notes = []
    for i in range(num_positions):
        tok = tokens[i].item()
        if tok >= SILENCE_TOKEN or tok < 0:
            continue

        fret_set = set(_CLASS_TO_FRETS[tok])
        if not fret_set:
            continue

        sustain_ticks = 0
        if sustain_prob[i] >= 0.5:
            bucket = dur_pred[i].item()
            beat_ms = _get_local_beat_ms(i, fretbars)
            sustain_ticks = _BUCKET_BEATS[bucket] * beat_ms

        notes.append(NoteEvent(
            tick=i,
            fret_set=fret_set,
            sustain_ticks=sustain_ticks,
        ))

    return notes