src/BacktestEngine.jl

"""
BacktestEngine.jl — Vectorized backtest engine.
No includes. Receives Indicators module via QuantEngine parent scope.
"""
module BacktestEngine

using Statistics

export run_backtest, BacktestResult, BacktestConfig

# Indicators injected by QuantEngine before this module is used
# atr() is accessed via the parent module's scope at call time

const BARS_PER_YEAR = Dict(
    "1m"=>525_600,"3m"=>175_200,"5m"=>105_120,"15m"=>35_040,"30m"=>17_520,
    "1h"=>8_760,"2h"=>4_380,"4h"=>2_190,"6h"=>1_460,"12h"=>730,
    "1d"=>252,"1w"=>52,
)

Base.@kwdef struct BacktestConfig
    initial_equity :: Float64 = 10_000.0
    commission_pct :: Float64 = 0.0002
    slippage_pct   :: Float64 = 0.0001
    risk_per_trade :: Float64 = 0.01
    atr_mult       :: Float64 = 2.0
    max_pos_pct    :: Float64 = 0.20
    atr_period     :: Int     = 14
end

mutable struct BacktestResult
    total_return   :: Float64; cagr          :: Float64
    sharpe         :: Float64; sortino       :: Float64; calmar :: Float64
    max_dd         :: Float64; max_dd_bars   :: Int
    n_trades       :: Int;     n_wins        :: Int;     win_rate       :: Float64
    profit_factor  :: Float64; avg_win_pct   :: Float64; avg_loss_pct   :: Float64
    expectancy     :: Float64; avg_bars_held :: Float64
    max_consec_wins:: Int;     max_consec_loss:: Int
    final_equity   :: Float64; total_comm    :: Float64
    equity_curve   :: Vector{Float64}
    n_bars         :: Int;     is_valid      :: Bool;    error_msg :: String
end

BacktestResult(; n_bars=0, is_valid=false, error_msg="") = BacktestResult(
    0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0, 0,0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0,0,
    10_000.0,0.0, Float64[], n_bars,is_valid,error_msg)

function run_backtest(
    open_p::Vector{Float64}, high::Vector{Float64}, low::Vector{Float64},
    close::Vector{Float64},  volume::Vector{Float64}, signals::Vector{Int},
    timeframe::String="1h",  cfg::BacktestConfig=BacktestConfig(),
    atr_fn::Function=identity,  # passed from QuantEngine to avoid circular dep
)::BacktestResult
    n = length(close)
    n < 50 && return BacktestResult(; n_bars=n, error_msg="Need ≥50 bars, got $n")

    atr_v = atr_fn(high, low, close, cfg.atr_period)
    equity = cfg.initial_equity
    eq     = fill(cfg.initial_equity, n)

    tpnls = Vector{Float64}(undef, n÷2+1)
    twins = Vector{Bool}(undef,    n÷2+1)
    tbars = Vector{Int}(undef,     n÷2+1)
    tents = Vector{Float64}(undef, n÷2+1)
    tszs  = Vector{Float64}(undef, n÷2+1)
    nt    = 0; tcomm = 0.0

    pos=0; epx=0.0; psz=0.0; spx=0.0; ebar=1; ltrade=0

    @inbounds for i in 2:n
        px=close[i]; sig=signals[i]
        if pos != 0
            hit = (pos==1 && low[i]<=spx) || (pos==-1 && high[i]>=spx)
            if hit
                ep = spx*(1.0+cfg.slippage_pct*pos)
                pnl = pos*(ep-epx)*psz; comm=(epx+ep)*psz*cfg.commission_pct
                nt+=1; tpnls[nt]=pnl-comm; twins[nt]=pnl>comm
                tbars[nt]=i-ebar; tents[nt]=epx; tszs[nt]=psz
                tcomm+=comm; equity+=pnl-comm; pos=0; ltrade=i
            end
        end
        if pos!=0 && (sig==0 || sig==-pos)
            ep=px*(1.0+cfg.slippage_pct*pos)
            pnl=pos*(ep-epx)*psz; comm=(epx+ep)*psz*cfg.commission_pct
            nt+=1; tpnls[nt]=pnl-comm; twins[nt]=pnl>comm
            tbars[nt]=i-ebar; tents[nt]=epx; tszs[nt]=psz
            tcomm+=comm; equity+=pnl-comm; pos=0; ltrade=i
        end
        if pos==0 && sig!=0 && (i-ltrade)>=1
            ep=px*(1.0+cfg.slippage_pct*sig)
            av = isnan(atr_v[i]) ? px*0.01 : atr_v[i]
            dist=cfg.atr_mult*av
            sz=min(equity*cfg.risk_per_trade/max(dist,1e-8), equity*cfg.max_pos_pct/ep)
            sz=max(sz,1e-8)
            pos=sig; epx=ep; psz=sz; spx=ep-sig*dist; ebar=i
        end
        eq[i] = equity + (pos!=0 ? pos*(close[i]-epx)*psz : 0.0)
    end
    if pos!=0
        ep=close[n]; pnl=pos*(ep-epx)*psz; comm=(epx+ep)*psz*cfg.commission_pct
        nt+=1; tpnls[nt]=pnl-comm; twins[nt]=pnl>comm
        tbars[nt]=n-ebar; tents[nt]=epx; tszs[nt]=psz
        tcomm+=comm; equity+=pnl-comm; eq[n]=equity
    end

    return _metrics(eq, tpnls[1:nt], twins[1:nt], tbars[1:nt],
                    tents[1:nt], tszs[1:nt], tcomm, n, timeframe, cfg)
end

function _metrics(eq,pnls,wins,bars,ents,szs,tcomm,n_bars,tf,cfg)
    init=cfg.initial_equity; final=eq[end]; bpy=get(BARS_PER_YEAR,tf,252)
    r=BacktestResult(;n_bars,is_valid=true)
    r.equity_curve=eq; r.final_equity=final; r.total_comm=tcomm
    r.total_return=(final-init)/init*100.0
    yrs=n_bars/bpy
    r.cagr = yrs>0&&final>0 ? ((final/init)^(1.0/yrs)-1.0)*100.0 : 0.0
    peak=eq[1]; mxdd=0.0; ddr=0; mxddb=0
    for v in eq
        peak=max(peak,v); dd=(peak-v)/peak; mxdd=max(mxdd,dd)
        v<peak ? (ddr+=1; mxddb=max(mxddb,ddr)) : (ddr=0)
    end
    r.max_dd=mxdd*100.0; r.max_dd_bars=mxddb
    rets=diff(eq)./eq[1:end-1]; filter!(!isnan,rets)
    if length(rets)>1
        mu=mean(rets); sg=std(rets)
        ds_v=filter(x->x<0,rets); ds=length(ds_v)>1 ? std(ds_v) : sg
        af=sqrt(Float64(bpy))
        r.sharpe=sg>0 ? mu/sg*af : 0.0; r.sortino=ds>0 ? mu/ds*af : 0.0
        r.calmar=r.max_dd>0 ? r.cagr/r.max_dd : 0.0
    end
    r.n_trades=length(pnls)
    r.n_trades==0 && return r
    nw=count(wins); r.n_wins=nw; r.win_rate=nw/r.n_trades*100.0
    gw=sum(pnls[wins]); gl=abs(sum(pnls[.!wins]))
    r.profit_factor=gl>0 ? gw/gl : (gw>0 ? Inf : 0.0)
    pct=pnls./(ents.*szs.+1e-10).*100.0
    r.avg_win_pct  = nw>0            ? mean(pct[wins])   : 0.0
    r.avg_loss_pct = (r.n_trades-nw)>0 ? mean(pct[.!wins]) : 0.0
    r.expectancy=r.win_rate/100.0*r.avg_win_pct+(1-r.win_rate/100.0)*r.avg_loss_pct
    r.avg_bars_held=mean(Float64.(bars))
    r.max_consec_wins=_maxrun(wins); r.max_consec_loss=_maxrun(.!wins)
    return r
end

function _maxrun(b::Vector{Bool})::Int
    mx=run=0; for v in b; v ? (run+=1;mx=max(mx,run)) : (run=0); end; return mx
end

end # module BacktestEngine