Learn how to conduct effective needs assessments in humanitarian responses with this new online course!
We’re excited to share this highly anticipated online course on Needs Assessments in Emergencies. This course aims to give you a foundational understanding of both the purpose and role of needs assessment in humanitarian responses, coupled with practical steps on how to implement a needs assessment.
By the end of this course, you will be able to:
➡ Explain the value and importance of needs assessment for ensuring evidence-based decisions that are based on needs as voiced by the affected population.
➡ Define important principles and standards that you need to follow when implementing a needs assessment.
➡ Describe the different types of assessments and when to use them in a response.
➡ Implement a quality needs assessment that is tailored to key information gaps in the response by following 9 practical steps which are outlined in the training.
➡ List the key requirements that are needed when implementing an assessment with local partners or in coordination with other actors in a response.
It should take you approximately 1h30 to complete the course, you can exit at any time and when you return, the module will take you to where you left off.


Task 2 Essay: Offline vs Online Study Task 2 Question: Some universities offer online courses as an alternative to classes delivered on campus. Do you think this is a positive or negative development? Band 8+ Sample Answer: The Internet has become increasingly prevalent in education. Many universities are now offering online courses instead of traditional classrooms. From my perspective, I would contend that any potential advantages of this off-campus learning are outweighed by its significant disadvantages. (Intro) (Body 1) First and foremost, communication skills might suffer due to less direct interaction with teachers and classmates. Distance learning, as opposed to physical classes, is operated through the Internet resulting in students and teachers not having face-to-face conversations, which deprives students of opportunities to develop their communicative ability. In addition, without regular face to face contact, they may struggle to forge strong bonds with their teachers and peers. As a result, they may hesitate to reach out when they experience difficulties. In the long run, this may lead to loneliness and hinder students from demonstrating higher academic performance. (Body 2) Worse still, online learning can encourage student procrastination, contributing to lower academic performance. Without strict supervision from teachers, students may neglect their studies and lack discipline. Therefore, this kind of learning is often associated with low student motivation, resulting in low academic productivity. Online courses during COVID19 pandemic perfectly exemplify this drawback. After months of online learning, the Ministry of Education has had to simplify the tests as the quality of e-learning is not guaranteed. This is a testament to how online courses can affect overall student outcomes. (Conclusion) In conclusion, I am convinced that online courses can exert a more negative effect on students than a positive one, including impaired communication skills, procrastination and lower academic performance. Given the likelihood of more not less online learning in the future, the government should carry out extensive research to determine how to mitigate its many shortcomings. (280 words) Words: Student essay, corrected & upgraded by Nick Kemp, former IELTS examiner. Image: Marc Thele / Pixabay.


Abstract Background
Value assessment frameworks have emerged as tools to assist healthcare decision makers in the United States in assessing the relative value of healthcare services and treatments. As more healthcare decision makers in the United States—including state government agencies, pharmacy benefit managers, employers, and health plans—publicly consider the adoption of value frameworks, it is increasingly important to critically evaluate their ability to accurately measure value and reliably inform decision making.
Objective
To examine the evolution of the value assessment landscape in the past two years, including new entrants and updated frameworks, and assess if these changes successfully advance the field of value assessment.
Methods
We analyzed the progress of the three currently active value assessment frameworks developed by the Institute for Clinical and Economic Review, the Innovation and Value Initiative, and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, against six key areas of concern.
Results
Value assessment frameworks are moving closer to meeting the challenge of accurately measuring value and reliably informing healthcare decisions. Each of the six concerns has been addressed in some way by at least one framework.
Conclusions
Although value assessments are potential inputs that can be considered for healthcare decision making, none of them should be the sole input for these decisions. Considering the limitations, they should, at most, be only one of many tools in the toolbox.
Authors
Robert W. Dubois Kimberly Westrich


Aging: Fight It With The Blood Type Diet captures the importance of a personalized blood type and condition specific diet to address concerns of cognitive impairment and brain function decline, hormonal deficiency and vitality concerns in advancing years.
In this comprehensive book you'll learn which foods, vitamins, supplements and herbs are beneficial to your particular blood type and discover specific tools for slowing the aging process and its related attendant conditions.
Get started with the easy-to-follow, four-week personalized nutrition plans and practical strategies for each blood type then, learn which exercise regimen is designed to help you feel your best.
Dr. Peter J. D'Adamo is a noted naturopathic physician, researcher, and lecturer, and the author of the revolutionary Eat Right series. His extensive research and clinical testing of the connection among blood type, health, and disease has garnered international recognition and led to groundbreaking work on many illnesses.


A Special “Treatment” for Patent Eligibility
Addressing the patentability of method-of-treatment claims, the US Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit issued two decision finding such claims patent eligible.
Natural Alternatives Int’l, Inc. v. Creative Compounds , LLC, Case No. 18-1295 (Fed. Cir. Mar. 15, 2019) (Moore, J) (Reyna, J, concurring in part and dissenting in part); Endo Pharmaceuticals Inc. v. Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc., Case Nos. 17-1240, -1455, -1887 (Fed. Cir. Mar. 28, 2019) (Stoll, J). Natural Alternatives v. Creative Compounds
Natural Alternatives owns a patent directed to certain dietary supplements that increase the anaerobic working capacity of muscle and other tissue. After being sued on the patent, Creative Compounds moved for judgment on the pleadings, arguing that the asserted method, product and manufacturing claims were all directed to patent-ineligible subject matter under 35 USC § 101. The district court granted Creative Compounds’ motion, finding that the patent claims were directed to the natural law that ingesting certain levels of the dietary supplement beta-alanine, a natural substance, will increase the anaerobic working capacity in a human. Natural Alternatives appealed.
The Federal Circuit reversed, finding that the complaint plausibly established patent eligibility. Starting with the method claims, the Court found that the claims “cover using a natural product in unnatural quantities to alter a patient’s natural state, to treat a patient with specific dosages outlined in the patents.” According to the Court, “[a]dministering certain quantities of beta-alanine to a human subject alters that subject’s natural state. . . . The method claims not only embody this discovery, they require that an infringer actually administer the dosage form claimed in the manner claimed, altering the athlete’s physiology to provide the described benefits.” The Court acknowledged that while the method claims rely on natural relationships, under Natural Alternatives’ proposed constructions, “the method claims require specific steps be taken in order to bring about a change in a subject, altering the subject’s natural state.” The fact that beta-alanine exists in nature and is consumed as part of the human diet did not alter the Court’s analysis. The Court noted that Natural Alternatives had argued that the administered amount and the claimed consumption “exceeds natural levels.”
The Federal Circuit also found the product claims patent eligible, concluding that they “are directed to specific treatment formulations” and, although they incorporate natural products, they have “different characteristics and can be used in a manner that beta-alanine as it appears in nature cannot.” The Court also found the manufacturing claims patent eligible, noting that these claims are directed to manufacture of a human dietary supplement that “is not a product of nature,” and “a claim to the manufacture of a non-natural supplement” would not be directed to a law of nature or natural product.
Judge Reyna dissented, arguing that the majority relied on erroneous claim construction, but concurred in remanding the case for further proceedings to allow the district court to revisit patent eligibility under a proper claim construction.
Endo Pharmaceuticals v. Teva Pharmaceuticals
Endo owns a patent directed to a method of treating pain in patients with impaired kidney function using oxymorphone. After being sued, Teva filed a motion to dismiss, arguing that the patent claims were directed to patent-ineligible natural law, namely, the reaction of a renally impaired individual’s body to oxymorphone. After the district court granted the motion, Endo appealed.
The Federal Circuit reversed, finding that the claims were directed to a patent-eligible method of using oxymorphone to treat pain in a renally impaired patient. The Court found that the claims at issue “are directed to a specific method of treatment for specific patients using a specific compound at specific doses to achieve a specific outcome.” The Court explained that while the inventor “recognized the relationship between oxymorphone and patients with renal impairment,” he claimed “an application of that relationship—specifically a method of treatment including specific steps to adjust or lower the oxymorphone dose.” As a result, the Court found the claims patent eligible and remanded the case for further proceedings.
Practice Note: A treatment claim employing a specific method on specific patients or subjects using a specific compound at specific doses to achieve a specific outcome may pass the patent eligibility bar.


Memorandum on Improving Cybersecurity for Critical Infrastructure Control Systems National Security Memorandum/NSM-5 Memorandum for the Vice President, the Secretary of State, the Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of Defense, the Attorney General, the Secretary of the Interior, the Secretary of Agriculture, the Secretary of Commerce, the Secretary of Labor, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, the Secretary of Transportation, the Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of Education, the Secretary of Veterans Affairs, the Secretary of Homeland Security, the Assistant to the President and Chief of Staff, the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, the Director of the Office of Management and Budget, the United States Trade Representative, the Administrator of the Small Business Administration, the Director of National Intelligence, the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency, the Assistant to the President For National Security Affairs, the Counsel to the President, the Assistant to the President For Economic Policy and Director of the National Economic Council, the Assistant to the President and Director of the Domestic Policy Council, the Assistant to the President For Homeland Security and Counterterrorism, the Director of National Drug Control Policy, the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy, the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs Of Staff, the Director of the National Science Foundation, the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Chair of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, the Director of the National Counterterrorism Center, the Director of the National Security Agency, the Director of the Defense Intelligence Agency, the Director of the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration, the Chair of the Federal Communications Commission, the Administrator Of General Services, the Director of the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, and the National Cyber Director Subject: Improving Cybersecurity for Critical Infrastructure Control Systems
Protection of our Nation's critical infrastructure is a responsibility of the government at the Federal, State, local, Tribal, and territorial levels and of the owners and operators of that infrastructure. The cybersecurity threats posed to the systems that control and operate the critical infrastructure on which we all depend are among the most significant and growing issues confronting our Nation. The degradation, destruction, or malfunction of systems that control this infrastructure could cause significant harm to the national and economic security of the United States.
Section 1. Policy. It is the policy of my Administration to safeguard the critical infrastructure of the Nation, with a particular focus on the cybersecurity and resilience of systems supporting National Critical Functions, defined as the functions of Government and the private sector so vital to the United States that their disruption, corruption, or dysfunction would have a debilitating effect on national security, economic security, public health or safety, or any combination thereof. Sec. 2. Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity Initiative. Accordingly, I have established an Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity Initiative (Initiative), a voluntary, collaborative effort between the Federal Government and the critical infrastructure community to significantly improve the cybersecurity of these critical systems. The primary objective of this Initiative is to defend the United States' critical infrastructure by encouraging and facilitating deployment of technologies and systems that provide threat visibility, indications, detection, and warnings, and that facilitate response capabilities for cybersecurity in essential control system and operational technology networks. The goal of the Initiative is to greatly expand deployment of these technologies across priority critical infrastructure. Sec. 3. Furthering the Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity Initiative. The Initiative creates a path for Government and industry to collaborate to take immediate action, within their respective spheres of control, to address these serious threats. The Initiative builds on, expands, and accelerates ongoing cybersecurity efforts in critical infrastructure sectors and is an important step in addressing these threats. We cannot address threats we cannot see; therefore, deploying systems and technologies that can monitor control systems to detect malicious activity and facilitate response actions to cyber threats is central to ensuring the safe operations of these critical systems. The Federal Government will work with industry to share threat information for priority control system critical infrastructure throughout the country.
(a) The Initiative began with a pilot effort with the Electricity Subsector, and is now followed by a similar effort for natural gas pipelines. Efforts for the Water and Wastewater Sector Systems and Chemical Sector will follow later this year.
(b) Sector Risk Management Agencies, as defined in section 9002(a)(7) of Public Law 116-283, and other executive departments and agencies (agencies), as appropriate and consistent with applicable law, shall work with critical infrastructure stakeholders and owners and operators to implement the principles and policy outlined in this memorandum.
Sec. 4. Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity Performance Goals. Cybersecurity needs vary among critical infrastructure sectors, as do cybersecurity practices. However, there is a need for baseline cybersecurity goals that are consistent across all critical infrastructure sectors, as well as a need for security controls for select critical infrastructure that is dependent on control systems.
(a) Pursuant to section 7(d) of Executive Order 13636 of February 12, 2013 (Improving Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity), the Secretary of Homeland Security, in coordination with the Secretary of Commerce (through the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology) and other agencies, as appropriate, shall develop and issue cybersecurity performance goals for critical infrastructure to further a common understanding of the baseline security practices that critical infrastructure owners and operators should follow to protect national and economic security, as well as public health and safety.
(b) This effort shall begin with the Secretary of Homeland Security issuing preliminary goals for control systems across critical infrastructure sectors no later than September 22, 2021, followed by the issuance of final cross-sector control system goals within 1 year of the date of this memorandum. Additionally, following consultations with relevant agencies, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall issue sector-specific critical infrastructure cybersecurity performance goals within 1 year of the date of this memorandum. These performance goals should serve as clear guidance to owners and operators about cybersecurity practices and postures that the American people can trust and should expect for such essential services. That effort may also include an examination of whether additional legal authorities would be beneficial to enhancing the cybersecurity of critical infrastructure, which is vital to the American people and the security of our Nation.
Sec. 5. General Provisions. (a) Nothing in this memorandum shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:
(i) the authority granted by law to an executive department or agency, or the head thereof; or (ii) the functions of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget relating to budgetary, administrative, or legislative proposals.
(b) This memorandum shall be implemented consistent with applicable law and subject to the availability of appropriations, where funding assistance may be required to implement control system cybersecurity recommendations.
(c) This memorandum is not intended to, and does not, create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.
JOSEPH R. BIDEN JR.
NOTE: An original was not available for verification of the content of this memorandum.
Joseph R. Biden, Memorandum on Improving Cybersecurity for Critical Infrastructure Control Systems Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/node/332389


Abstract
Three key factors involved in successful plant disease development include the presence of a susceptible host, a virulent pathogen, and a disease-conducive environment. Our understanding of how environmental factors influence disease-conducive or disease-suppressive conditions, and how a pathogen advantageously capitalizes on them, is quite limited. Utilizing the model pathosystem Magnaporthe oryzae- Oryza sativa, we found a significant light-dependent disease suppression. Our genetic data suggest that the blue-light receptor MGWC-1 in M. oryzae is involved in light-dependent disease suppression during the dark-phase (disease-conducive light condition) immediately after pathogen-host contact. Sensing "darkness" is accomplished by MGWC-1, a blue-light receptor in M. oryzae. To explore the potential molecular mechanisms of light-dependent disease suppression we performed a genome-wide microarray experiment and identified several groups of gene families that are differentially regulated during the light-to-dark transition. Our genetic and molecular data provide insights into how a fungal pathogen utilizes ambient light signals for successful disease development.
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes Microbiology Genetics Keywords Dark Disease Light Magnaporthe Rice


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The VPRO is a well-established broadcasting company in the Netherlands that broadcasts high-quality educational films and documentaries on current issues and developments. VPRO is the broadcaster and distributor of the show Offline Is the New Luxury, which depicts a planet hijacked by internet access. This paper contains a synopsis of the documentary.
The responses of the individuals used in the documentary differ. Some, such as Sri Lanka's telecommunications minister, agree that Google's internet access project, Google Loon, would be extremely beneficial to his citizens. Others including MIT Psychologist, Sherry Turkle believe that the internet has led to the disconnection of people especially for students in her class who are distracted from meaningful teacher-student conversations.
People have gone to great lengths to ensure they remain focused without the internet-connecting devices. In Brazil, one Jose Pedro Bortolino, a creative director has developed a Cellphone Nullifier which blocks the telephone signals in the bars to allow for people to have a people-to-people time. The rich run away to fancy hotels such as Baden-Baden, Germany where there is no Wi-Fi connectivity. Others, such as Aram Pachyan, an Armenian writer, lose their devices and run off to the mountains.
There is nowhere to hide from internet connectivity according to a Political Scientist, Paul Frissen whose sentiments are shared by Birgitta Jonsdottir, the founder Pirate Party and Internet Critic, Evgev Morozor. Together they agree that the internet has been turned into a spying and manipulating tool which has converted people into commodities. To hide from internet connectivity people have resulted in different measures. Amish people in Indiana, USA and the Vedda tribe in Ruthugala, Sri Lanka, for instance, have forbidden their people to use any form of technology that might expose them to the internet.
Works Cited
Offline Is the New Luxury. VPRO Backlight, 2016. Top Documentary Films. Web. 31 Jan 2017.
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Fixed Mindset
Dr. Dweck states that everyone has a fixed and growth mindset. The fixed mindsets are engrained. You know that if you jump off of a cliff, your hard work will not lead to you flying. This is a normal mindset.
In many cases, individuals that have a fixed mindset believe in their talents, but they don’t put the effort into developing them.
Growth Mindset
Do you believe that your most basic abilities can be enhanced? If so, you know resilience and dedication can help you reach your goals. A growth mindset can help you reach your goals and is one of the key parts of every successful plan.
Strategize, believe and plan to reach your goals.
Your skills, habits and life can be changed with a growth mindset. Always striving to reach a new goal or find a new purpose is the key to success. Even if you find yourself needing coaching, this is just part of the growth process.
Tips to help cultivate this mindset include:
Apply yourself to reach your goals, and understand physical and mental energy are required to meet your goals. Find excitement in challenges, and master each challenge that comes your way. Don't seek the approval of others when trying to reach your goal. Find a sense of purpose. Outline what the purpose of reaching your future you really means. Enjoy the process and keep trying to reach milestones – don't just focus on the final goal. Be realistic. Your goals take time. If you put unrealistic expectations for your goals, you’ll end up being unmotivated and unwilling to reach these milestones.


Retinol-binding protein-4 (RBP4) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels are associated with inflammation in patients with migraine. The release of proinflammatory cytokines during migraine results in recurrent sterile neurogenic inflammation. This study aimed to determine the correlation between RBP4 and hs-CRP levels, and migraine, which is considered an inflammatory disease. The study included 48 migraine patients and 40 age- and gender-matched controls. Migraine was diagnosed according to International Classification of Headache Disorders-II. The serum RBP4 level was measured using a commercial ELISA kit and hs-CRP was measured using an enzyme immunoassay test kit. The serum RBP4 level was significantly lower in the migraine patients than in the controls (P < 0.001), whereas the hs-CRP level was significantly higher in the migraine patients (P < 0.001). RBP4 and hs-CRP levels did not differ between the migraine patients with and without aura (P > 0.05). Migraine headache severity, frequency and duration were not correlated with serum RBP or hs-CRP levels (P > 0.05). The observed high hs-CRP level and low RBP4 level in migraine patients suggest that vitamin A might play a major role in the pathogenesis of migraine. It is known that inflammation is a key factor in many diseases. Additional research might result in a better understanding of the anti-inflammatory effects of vitamin A.


It seems like 2020 is not at all done with shaking the world with its deadly blows. After the inception of the ever-growing pandemic, now, cyber-security researchers have found a malicious security flaw that can trick scientists into making harmful, pathogenic viruses and toxins instead of vaccines and medicines. Wait, what?
According to a recently published paper, security researchers from the Israeli Ben Gurion University have discovered the aforementioned computer-attacking system. This deadly attack
could allow hackers to tweak the composition of the medicines or vaccines in a bioengineer’s computer remotely.
Now, to understand the computer attack, first, we have to understand a term called “synthetic DNA”. It is one of the primary components for the development of various medicines, vaccines, and immunogens. So, medical professionals often keep a record of the components in their systems.
So, the researchers from the Israeli university created and tested a computer attack that successfully replaced the short DNA sub-strings on a bioengineer’s computer with infectious code.
This could actually trick a scientist to develop a lethal virus instead of a life-saving vaccine. “A cyber attack intervening with synthetic DNA orders could lead to the synthesis of nucleic acids encoding parts of pathogenic organisms or harmful proteins and toxin … This threat is real. We conducted a proof of concept: an obfuscated DNA encoding a toxic peptide was not detected by software implementing the screening guidelines. The respective order was moved to production,” wrote the researchers in the official person.
Traditionally, to perform such an attack, the attackers needed to have access to the physical lab or the supplies of the lab. However, with this security flaw, a simple cyber researcher with the necessary expertise but a dangerous motive can
easily carry out a bio-terrorist attack remotely from a safe location.
To prevent such cyber attacks in the future, the researchers have suggested that an array of strict guidelines and measures should be implemented in the biotechnology industry. However, failing to do so might result in a bigger disaster than the ongoing pandemic.


Crop Haven™ offers Sensible Funding™ for indoor and outdoor grow and processing facilities, whether cannabis, cannabinoid, hemp – including the building, upgrades, lighting, racking, HVAC, extraction, processing, controls, fees, etc. at sensible rates and terms, for cash flow friendly payments and ‘pain-free’ fiscal obligations.
Crop Haven™ offers Sensible Funding™ through its direct funding partners by preparing investment-grade, compelling client overviews, and substantially mitigating risk by including unique Over and Above Coverage™ and Insured Warranty™ to protect against crop spoilage and equipment failure.
Crop Haven’s™ unique Over and Above Coverage™ for indoor and outdoor growers and processors will purchase crops, at wholesale, if spoiled from equipment breakdown or other causes, and pays all business expenses, salaries and funding payments during the time to re-grow the crop and/or repair or replace the equipment.
This coverage is designed to either sit ‘over and above’ the facility’s existing property and casualty insurance coverage or replace it – with substantially expanded coverage. Premiums are typically one half of one percent of annual sales and are included in the Sensible Funding™ for the entire funded term.
Crop Haven’s™ unique Insured Warranty™ for LED & HVAC provides extra coverage for mission critical LED lighting and HVAC – paying for parts, labor, show up fees, etc. to repair or replace any broken or defective item – eliminating reliance on a factory warranty, for quick, guaranteed resolution.
This ‘unlimited incident’ coverage provides a preset reimbursement amount for parts and labor, per incident, and is backed by a global insurance underwriter. This coverage also includes on-site safety stock for the LED lighting, to ensure zero lighting down-time. The premium is typically 2% of the installed price, annually.
During the Sensible Funding™ term, all repairs and maintenance will be provided by the Concierge within the ‘immediate’ timeframe preset in the Concierge Service Agreement. This ensures immediate resolution of any issue without any lost time or inconvenience.
This Complete Care Concierge™ service is always a phone call away, 24/7. Service for non-warranty, out of warranty, and ‘separately charged’ service calls is also available, at preset rates for labor and equipment rental (if any), eliminating the risk of extra high costs typical with emergency repairs.
Easy Financing for Off-Grid Cooling, Heating and Power
Resilient, low-cost power for cannabis.
Crop Haven™ offers a myriad of financing solutions for CHP to ensure the energy savings more than cover the financing costs, for a cash flow positive approach to further enhance the ‘no black or brown out’, ‘no energy spikes’, ‘no runaway utility rates’ benefits of CHP.
Off-grid Cooling, Heating, Power is now affordable.
Key Metrics to JustifyOff-Grid Cooling, Heating and Power
Proof positive before committing to CHP.
Crop Haven™ works with each client to identify and calculate all meaningful metrics, comparisons and costs to ensure maximum identification and quantification of all costs and savings for CHP – summarized in a proprietary CHP Cost and Benefit Analysis.
Measurable Off-grid Cooling,Heating, Power benefits.


The global SaaS market, valued at USD 325.69 Bn in 2019, is projected to grow to USD 1620.6 Bn by 2030 at a CAGR of 15.8%.
Subscription-based and centrally located on a remote cloud network, SaaS models are turning popular for their flexibility and affordability.
Increased investments in cloud-based technologies have become a crucial part of many firms' strategy and goals as they strive to strengthen their WFH capabilities. SaaS transformation is primarily driven by multi-device popularity, Artificial Intelligence, emergence of 5G, and rapid Cloud adoption. Challenges including pricing and delivery, operational structures and technical & product architecture are impacting the SaaS transition.
Download the full report to identify and micro-target top-spending prospects in SaaS and explore emerging trends, challenges, and focus areas for 2023.
The global SaaS market, valued at USD 325.69 Bn in 2019, is projected to grow to USD 1620.6 Bn by 2030 at a CAGR of 15.8%. Among the primary components of cloud computing, companies and organizations use the SaaS model in various applications such as conferencing, salesforce automation, customer relationship management (CRM), web content management, etc.
The COVID-19 pandemic crippled the global economy and impacted 75% of technology and SaaS companies’ sales. Businesses had to slash technology budgets or make department cuts. Yet, the demand for cloud computing has increased. Key players used the crisis to create strategies to restructure their business models.
Case in point, Microsoft Corporation collaborated with Aera Technology, an automation company offering digital solutions, integrating Microsoft Azure’s digital twin with Aera’s cognitive operating system to create a virtual representation of a physical entity in the automation process.
SaaS Grew Popular in the 2010s
Despite limited IT budgets, enterprises are increasingly adopting the subscription-based pricing model to satisfy the growing IT needs, particularly for SMBs and startups. Established enterprises also embrace the model to satisfy diverse needs with agile and modern solutions.
It results in a suitable business environment facilitating healthy competition among SaaS vendors while the market demand increases exponentially. SaaS growth rates, IPOs, and acquisitions all indicate this trend is not ending anytime soon for various benefits that include:
Higher strategic value compared to on-premise software deployments, including time and capital. The deployment time was reduced from several weeks and days to a few minutes/hours.
It provides a diverse set of resources to address varied demands. As a result, organizations are experiencing higher employee engagement levels with feature-rich SaaS solutions for improved customer service.
SaaS vendors can push feature improvements, bug fixes, and security updates in real-time. Traditionally, all these needed to pass through several organizational protocols and governance layers before reaching end users.
Here are a few reasons why SaaS adoption is growing in popularity.
Growing Reliance of SaaS on New Technologies
Incorporating artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and the Internet of Things (IoT) also makes our list of important SaaS marketing insights. AI-centered SaaS can be installed to optimize your SaaS products or services. Its analytics tools can predict what customers will do next, source talent, and optimize pricing mechanisms.
In the IT security industry, technology increases threat detection and identifies common threat patterns, helping derisk cyberattacks before they descend on software systems.
It amplifies automation – it can help you address customer queries quickly. It increases sales productivity as it can process large amounts of data and leaves more time for sales teams to close deals. It facilitates hyper-personalization by letting you zoom in on user personalization and improving any new feature and function design. It provides predictive analytics, helping you detect changes in behavioral patterns before getting feedback, helping you resolve user-experience issues faster, and saving money.
Key Factors Influencing SaaS Market Growth
Growing demand among enterprises for a single solution to help them solve business problems propels growth by integrating various applications such as customer relationship manager (CRM), business intelligence, supply chain management, and e-commerce systems and can be customized for specific business needs deployed across various cloud platforms.
Enterprises to increase investment
Enterprises are increasingly investing by end-use on the cloud-based solution helping thrive the SaaS market in the coming years. Additionally, the prominent players in the SaaS market are focused on increasing investment to advance their product portfolio.
In September 2020, Accenture invested USD 3 Bn to launch Cloud First. Users could gain access to Cloud-First across various industries and speed up their digital transformation to generate value at scale and speed.
A rise in adoption of app-based services
SaaS allows enterprises to access and store data online. Agility, scalability, reliability, and flexibility are among the major characteristics associated with SaaS reducing IT infrastructure costs, a prime reason for the increased adoption of SaaS applications.
With smartphones being an integral part of individuals, enterprises spend more on mobile SaaS and app-based applications for easy access to information. Additionally, app-based SaaS allows individuals to synchronize, update, and control documents. The adoption of SaaS for smartphones and app-based services is expected to increase.
North America to lead with the existence of vital players
North America will still hold the forefront as a service market share during the forecast period due to the increased allocation and investment done in SaaS by end-users across healthcare, retail & consumer goods, and others. Moreover, major SaaS providers such as IBM, Microsoft, Oracle, Salesforce, Zoho, and Cisco could promote the regional market in the US and Canada.
The Asia Pacific is expected to display considerable SaaS market share in the coming years, owing to large companies in China, India, Japan, and Australia. The growth in investment in innovative SaaS solutions is promoting the regional market.
Key players and new launches to strengthen the market growth
The market is filled with companies preserving their position by concentrating on novel launches, collaborations, mergers, and procurements. Such tactics taken up by vital players could reinforce its market opportunities.
Case in point, Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) launched Jile 5.0 in July 2021, an updated version of a SaaS-based corporate agile application that will help businesses to offer large-scale development needs across numerous remote teams.
Accenture and VMware partnered to form Accenture VMware to assist clients in leveraging the cloud’s robust capabilities and elasticity, critical for rapidly scaling business services, operating efficiency, and enabling scaled innovation.
The SaaS transformation has impacted Kronos’ business and has profoundly transformed the company. The Kronos Cloud accounts for 90% of new product reservations. Cloud services are used by about 75% of the company’s 30,000 customers. Kronos now generates more than 60% of its revenue regularly.
Additionally, Adobe, Microsoft, and AWS are leaders of the subscription economy and have set examples for independent software vendors to pivot to the subscription model to meet market demands.
Draup analyzed the SaaS models and what could drive its future. The report has information about how companies are transitioning to SaaS models, key challenges, revenue models, future focus areas, etc.
Draup’s sales intelligence platform provides information on deal intelligence, stakeholder engagement data, and real-time account intelligence. Its proprietary ML models provide comprehensive account and stakeholder intelligence to enable microtargeting.
It enables you to subliminally repurpose your offerings so that it is exceptionally strategic in addressing your prospect’s business needs.


Abstract
Multi-spool compression systems are characterized by two or more compressor stages running at different rotational speeds. The response of an individual component can be different from an integrated system. Limiting operating conditions such as choke and stall points could have substantially different effects. The present paper explores the interactions and coupling significance between different stages of a multi-spool compression system. Further, an attempt is made by modifying the shape of the inter-compressor duct (ICD) to improve the system performance. The multi-spool system in this study comprises of the NASA stage 67 as the fan followed by in-house core and bypass ducts and a single stage booster. It is observed that the flow pattern in an ICD is entirely different in stand-alone modeling than in the integrated system modeling, owing to fan wakes and booster upstream influences. The booster performance is dependent on the duct exit flow pattern. The shape of the baseline ICD is tailored to reduce extra losses which is generated due to reduction in the length of the ICD and hence making the system more compact. It is shown that the shape tailoring optimization of ICD done independently result in a significant improvement in the duct exit flow pattern and hence an improvement in the booster performance. However, this gain in the performance is reduced to marginal values for an integrated system. This happens due to a strong coupling of the ICD flow pattern with the fan wakes and highly three dimensional nature of the ICD flow pattern. Therefore, it is found that component level optimization may not give rise to an equivalent system-level improvement.


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Decomposing Economic Mobility Transition Matrices
Resulting in
1citation.
1.
Richey, Jeremiah Alexander Rosburg, Alicia
Decomposing Economic Mobility Transition Matrices
Journal of Applied Econometrics 33,1 (January/February 2018): 91-108.
Also: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jae.2578/abstract
Cohort(s): NLSY79
Publisher: Wiley Online
Keyword(s): Family Income; Geocoded Data; Income Distribution; Intergenerational Patterns/Transmission; Mobility, Economic; Parental Influences
Permission to reprint the abstract has not been received from the publisher.
We present a decomposition method for transition matrices to identify forces driving the persistence of economic status across generations. The method decomposes differences between an estimated transition matrix and a benchmark transition matrix into portions attributable to differences in characteristics between individuals from different households (a composition effect) and portions attributable to differing returns to these characteristics (a structure effect). A detailed decomposition based on copula theory further decomposes the composition effect into portions attributable to specific characteristics and their interactions. To examine potential drivers of economic persistence in the USA, we apply the method to white males from the 1979 US National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. Depending on the transition matrix entry of interest, differing characteristics between sons from different households explain between 40% and 70% of observed income persistence, with differing returns for these characteristics explaining the remaining gap. Further, detailed decompositions reveal significant heterogeneity in the role played by specific characteristics (e.g., education) across the income distribution.
Bibliography CitationRichey, Jeremiah Alexander and Alicia Rosburg. "Decomposing Economic Mobility Transition Matrices."
Journal of Applied Econometrics 33,1 (January/February 2018): 91-108.


Abstract
Background/Aim: Employment of treated dialysate as replacement fluid raises concerns about exposure of patients to pyrogenic substances. This study was undertaken to evaluate the safety of treated dialysate as the replacement fluid for push/pull hemodiafiltration. Methods: In the present study, changes in the expressions of Mac-1 and CD14 on monocytes, which are upregulated by monocyte activation, were analyzed by flow cytometry, and the serum level of sCD14 which elevates by monocyte activation was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) during treatment in 7 patients on hemodialysis with regenerated cellulose (RC) membrane, polysulfone (PS) membranes and by push/pull hemodiafiltration (HDF) with PS membranes in a cross-over fashion. Results: During hemodialysis with RC, hemodialysis with PS or push/pull hemodiafiltration with PS, both Mac-1 and CD14 expressions on monocytes significantly increased by passing through the artificial kidneys, and, accordingly, the respective values downstream of the artificial kidneys were significantly higher than the predialysis values, even when the lipopolysaccharide level in dialysate was not detectable by Limulus assay. There was no significant variation in serum sCD14 levels during any of the hemodialysis with RC, hemodialysis with PS or push/pull hemodiafiltration. However, during hemodialysis with PS or push/pull hemodiafiltration with PS, changes in Mac-1 and CD14 expression on monocytes were significantly smaller than those during hemodialysis with RC. Conclusion: Monocytes are activated to a greater extent during hemodialysis with RC membranes than during push/pull HDF with PS membranes. We consider that push/pull HDF may be safer than hemodialysis with RC membrane and that it is as safe as hemodialysis with the PS membrane in terms of monocyte activation, when pyrogen-free dialysate is employed.
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes Physiology Nephrology Physiology (medical) Urology


Article Title Abstract
Learning an academic discipline requires at a fundamental level reading of knowledge that has been recorded, debated and developed in writing over time. Given the essential role of reading in shaping knowledge, there needs to be more emphasis on approaches that nurture an engaged reading practice. This article explores the role of instrumental, critical and aesthetic reading stances in engaging students in academic reading at university and the extent to which connecting these reading stances can enhance student learning through academic reading. Using this dynamic view of reading, the article examines insights and evidence from recent research to investigate the connection between these reading stances and student learning. The studies analysed indicate elements of instrumental, critical and aesthetic reading in approaches that effectively engage learners in academic reading. These ways of reading are linked to enhanced learning in terms of individual reflexivity, disciplinary participation, social perspective and global awareness. An analysis of the studies investigated advocates for using a variety of text types, giving students choice of texts, explicitly teaching dynamic reading skills, providing opportunities for social reading practices and implementing process-based assessments for learning. These practices can lighten the academic reading load by enhancing engagement and learning of disciplinary knowledge.
Recommended Citation
Nguyen, H., & Henderson, A. (2020). Can the reading load be engaging? Connecting the instrumental, critical and aesthetic in academic reading for student learning.
Journal of University Teaching & Learning Practice, 17(2). https://doi.org/10.53761/1.17.2.6


Fisheries Information Technology and TraceTales
Fisheries industry in Indonesia and globally are now facing various challenges, including fish laundering which the illegally caught fishes get into the legal supply chain. To solve these problems, we believe that Fisheries Information Technology is the ANSWER. Through the data collecting, processing, and reporting done electronically in all stages when coming into the processing company, customers can get accurate information about the seafood they consume more efficiently. It also contributes to tackling Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated (IUU) fishing by enabling tracing possible for every piece of fish distributed.
To support this, PT Sahabat Laut Lestari developed TraceTales as a trusted traceability software. TraceTales enable seafood processing companies to digitally capture and manage data collected through all stages, from receiving the raw materials, processing, packaging, to shipping and distribution cycle. Using the touch-screen input, TraceTales software has a user-friendly system operated within the Local Area Network (LAN), resulting in proper deployment even in areas with poor or unstable internet connection. TraceTales records the data from the weighing scales automatically and the printed label containing a unique QR code is tagged along the process. When the customers scan the QR code attached to the packaging of the fish, they can see all detailed information about the origin of the fish, whether it is sourced from fair-trade certified fishermen, the processing date, the quality grade, the weights, and so on.


Access our live “financial-intervention” tracker, which is a single point-of-entry on the YPFS website to keep up with financial-crisis fighting interventions by central banks, fiscal authorities, and international organizations here.
The US coronavirus rescue bill that the Senate passed on March 25 provides $78 billion to the airlines in the form of loans, loan guarantees, and cash grants. The bill also temporarily suspends excise tax and kerosene taxes for air carriers.
Airline aid in the bill is split between passenger air travel, cargo air travel, and industries closely involved in national security:
- Passenger Air Carriers: $25 billion allocated in loan guarantees, $25 billion allocated in cash grants.
- Cargo Air Carriers: $4 billion allocated in loan guarantees, $4 billion allocated in cash grants.
- Air Industry Firms involved in National Security (implicitly allocated for Boeing): $17 billion allocated in loan guarantees,
- Contractors Providing Aviation-related Services: $3 billion allocated in cash grants.
In exchange for loan guarantees, the law also requires the government to receive warrants or other senior debt or equity of the business receiving aid. During negotiations over the bill, Treasury Secretary Mnuchin said that rather than make outright grants, the Treasury intends to take equity stakes in airlines in exchange for the cash grants (which must be used for employee wages, salaries and benefits). Such “equity stakes” would in theory permit taxpayers to benefit from the financial recovery of the firm. Equity stakes are common in government bailouts. At this time, it remains unclear how the Treasury would implement any such equity stake. In the most recent global financial crisis, the government received warrants to purchase stock (General Motors) and convertible preferred stock (AIG).
In the Senate bill, also, in return for financial assistance, air carriers may not put employees on temporary furlough status, engage in share buybacks, or issue dividends. Additionally, highly compensated employees with compensation exceeding $425,000 annually may not receive a raise in 2020. The bill would also prevent these employees from receiving severance pay that exceeds twice the compensation they received in 2019. Employees compensated above $3 million can receive $3 million plus 50% of the excess received compensation in the calendar year 2019.
The authority for the airline aid program expires on March 1, 2022. The suspension of excise and kerosene taxes regularly levied on air carriers extends to January 1, 2021.
The United States previously provided aid for airlines through the Air Transport Safety and System Stabilization Act of 2001. That act provided $5 billion in direct grants for compensation for federal actions and subsequent losses related to the 9/11 terrorist attacks and the subsequent shut down of air travel, and up to $10 billion credit assistance in the form of loan guarantees. Airlines used approximately 10% of the program’s loan capacity. Although airline bankruptcies emerged in the years that followed, some purport that the legislation succeeded in that it prevented immediate bankruptcies during the economic downturn that followed the terrorist attacks. With the assistance proposed in the Senate bill, the US joins other countries that have taken steps to support airlines during the COVID-19 pandemic. Countries have attempted to mitigate the economic impacts of the crisis in various ways. Some approaches, such as subsidies for continuing to operate (China), suspension and/or refunds of taxes (Australia), and support for laid-off employees (Denmark and Finland), appear to target short-term relief. South Korea has outlined a series of support measures, including emergency support measures, deferred payment of fees, loan screening measures for airlines requesting aid due to liquidity shortages, and guaranteeing lease deposits on leased aircraft.
Click here to read a YPFS case study on the 2008-09 Bridge Loans for Chrysler and GM. These cases provide details of the programs as well as access to key documents.


Packing for a trip to Walt Disney World doesn't need to be stressful. It's easy to buy whatever you forgot to bring at any of the four theme parks, marketplace or hotel shops. By packing some basics, any Disney World traveler can leave home knowing that he is prepared for protection from Orlando's climate and is well-equipped to tackle the attractions.
Footwear
A trip to Walt Disney World is tough on the feet. Guests spend a lot of time walking the four main parks in addition to standing in long, winding attraction queues. Comfortable and well-fitting walking or athletic shoes are a must for anyone. Pack previously worn shoes: Disney World is not the place to break in new footwear since this may cause blisters. Additionally, pack and wear cotton socks to absorb any foot sweat.
Clothing
Pack clothing of lightweight, breathable fabrics. Orlando temperatures can get into the 90s in summer, and the humid air can be uncomfortable. Bring a bathing suit if staying at a hotel with a pool or if planning to visit the water parks. Daily afternoon thunderstorms are common during hurricane season, between June and November. Dollar-store ponchos are easy to pack and carry, and cost a lot less than rain gear sold in the parks. Pack a light sweater or jacket to wear inside restaurants, which tend to be cold due to air conditioning. Winter in Orlando brings temperatures that may dip into the 30s. If visiting in the colder months, bring long pants, sweatshirts and gloves to stay warm while walking the parks.
Sun Protection
Pack a hat to protect your head and lessen your chances of heat-related injury when visiting Disney World. A cap with a brim such as a baseball hat will also protect your eyes and face from the sun. A sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or above lowers the risk of sunburn. Small, travel-size bottles can be carried with you all day for reapplication purposes.
Odds and Ends
A small bag with a strap will hold your park pass, money, camera and cell phone while keeping your hands free. Be advised that all bags, including diaper bags, must be inspected by park security at each entrance. While Disney World offers stroller rentals, consider bringing a fold-up umbrella stroller if necessary, as rentals aren't available until you get to the park gates. A travel-size first aid kit is a must on any trip; bandages, ointments and pain reliever come in handy when needed.
References
Resources
Writer Bio
Antonia James is a Florida-based writer who began writing full-time in 2009. After starting her career in the world of journalism she ventured into the courtroom as an attorney. James holds a Bachelor of Arts in media studies from Fordham University and a Juris Doctor from the University of Miami.


Clinics for the Treatment of Addiction DIFFICULTY IN KEEPING UP WITH COVID-19
25 March 2020 | Elizabeth Brico Liquid Methadone at the CAP Quality Care clinic in Westbrook, Maine, which provides methadone treatment as part of the substance recovery process. (Photograph by Whitney Hayward/Member of the Staff) I have just witnessed my husband leaving the house. Not directly to his job as a cook, as his restaurant is closed due to the pandemic, but to his opioid treatment providera facility legally permitted to dispense methadone for the treatment of opioid addictions, so he can receive his daily dose before the doors close for the day. Without his medication, he would suffer from weeks of excruciating opioid withdrawal symptoms. My husband is among the hundreds of thousands of Americans who rely on medications such as methadone and buprenorphine to combat opioid addiction and avoid withdrawal, and who now wonder whether they will continue to have access during the novel coronavirus pandemic, or risk daily exposure to the virus by visiting facilities. Receive Talk Poverty in your email inbox. Yes, these facilities continue to prescribe and dispense these medications, and patients should not lose access to medications for opioid use disorder during this crisis. Methadone and buprenorphine are classified as essential medicines by the World Health Organization; therefore, their continued availability should be a top priority. In an effort to reduce clinic visits, various government agencies have issued guidelines and legal exceptions to a number of rules and regulations that typically restrict access to these medications. However, there is also a much longer and more complex response. Despite the fact that methadone and buprenorphine treat the same disorder in relatively similar ways, they are subject to vastly different sets of rules and regulations. On the [buprenorphine] side, a week is typically the minimum dosage prescribed. It would be simple to give these patients a prescription for two weeks or to call in an extra prescription with a refill. On the [methadone] side, things get hairy, according to Zac Talbott, president of the National Alliance for Medication-Assisted Recovery (NAMA-R), who has direct experience as a patient and operating facilities that provide these medications. Any physician or advanced practice registered nurse who has completed an eight-hour waiver course may prescribe buprenorphine. This means that patients can access it in a variety of settings, such as primary care, psychiatry, gynecology, and addiction treatment centers. Methadone, on the other hand, is only available from licensed opioid treatment providers (OTPs), also known as methadone clinics, for the treatment of addiction. It is governed by a complex web of federal, state, and individual rules, regulations, and policies. Both medications must be available, as methadone is preferable for those with higher tolerances to opioids and does not require patients to undergo withdrawal prior to administration. Talbott predicted that the responses of OTPs will be extremely diverse. Patients must understand that this may vary from state to state due to state authorities. Responses are as diverse as perspectives on addiction. State Opioid Treatment Authorities, who make decisions at the state level regarding medications for opioid use disorder, have looked to the federal Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) for guidance on how to respond to the novel coronavirus outbreak. This federal agency regulates the availability of medication to be taken at home rather than in a clinic (also known as “takehomes”) and numerous other methadone regulations. Elinore F. McCance-Katz, the administrator of SAMHSA and assistant secretary for mental health and substance use, told TalkPoverty via email that SAMHSA and HHS are continuously collaborating with states and communities facing these problems. We have provided flexibility to the states to ensure that individuals with opioid use disorders continue to receive their medication. Additionally, we have endeavored to expand our capacity to provide services via telehealth modalities whenever possible. Washington state, where the first confirmed cases of COVID-19 were identified in the United States, was the first state to be granted the ability to dispense extended takehomes of up to 14 days to specific populations without first applying for individual permissions, as is normally required. As of September 9th, the Washington State Opioid Treatment Authority has issued seven different types of blanket takehome exception requests that programs can request per federal law to allow a large majority of individuals who are considered stable—which is determined at the discretion of each program’s medical director—to move beyond daily or near-daily dosing. There are no federal regulations for buprenorphine, so [these patients] can be moved to whatever level is deemed safe. However, this does not imply that all patients in Washington will receive these benefits. Tanna, a patient who resides between Seattle and Tacoma, reported that she has not been given any take-home doses. She has only been with that provider for a little more than three months, so she is still considered a new and therefore unstable patient, even though she transferred from another clinic where she had earned a month of takehomes. Additionally, she must attend four hours of group therapy per month. Last week, there were eight people in her group, and she did not observe any special precautions due to the virus. At the dosing window, hand sanitizer has been added, the trash has been moved slightly, the nurses are now wearing gloves, and the window screen has been lowered, she explained. On March 16, SAMHSA updated its guidelines to state that all states with declared states of emergency could request blanket exceptions to provide stable patients with 28 days of takehome medication and less stable patients with 14 days of takehome medication if they are still able to safely handle the additional medication. In states that have not declared a state of emergency, each clinic may apply for similar exceptions for their patients. The updated SAMHSA guidelines allow states and providers greater flexibility to dispense take-home medication, but that does not imply that every clinic will utilize this flexibility to its fullest extent or apply it to every patient. Mark Parrino, president of the American Association for the Treatment of Opioid Dependence, stated that it may be necessary to provide patients with 14-day supplies of opioids. However, it should be on a case-by-case basis We want to allow quarantine to stop the spread of the disease, but keep in mind that we’re dealing with opioids. When administered to unstable patients, opioids can be hazardous. We don’t want to flood the community with large quantities of methadone in the hands of unstable patients who may not be able to cope with a two-week supply. People who are new to treatment and who have unstable housing, unstable psychosocial situations, who may be continuing to use other substances, and who have underlying health concerns are the least likely to receive takehomes; these factors indicate instability in their lives. Keith Brown, a harm reduction advocate currently working on the COVID-19 response at the county level in Schenectady, New York, argued that these individuals should receive take-home kits immediately. In the event of a public health emergency, individuals will need to determine what is prudent. Having several hundred patients visit a clinic daily is a transmission nightmare. It is impossible to predict what each state and clinic will do with their expanded discretionary authority. Patients and providers are reporting responses that are as diverse as opinions on addiction. The medical director of REACH, a harm reduction-based buprenorphine clinic in Ithaca, New York, Justine Waldman, has begun providing one and two month scripts to her buprenorphine patients, giving longer scripts to those who have difficulty getting to the office or a history of missing appointments. She prioritizes patient access and health over surveillance. She emphasized that this is an entirely new situation that is constantly evolving. We may decide tomorrow that the current method is ineffective. She stated that we must really band together and take things day by day. Jana Burson, the medical director of an OTP in North Carolina, stated that while her clinic does not offer extended takehome periods to the majority of patients, they do implement measures to help keep the facility sanitary and enforce social distancing while patients are present. For instance, the chairs in the lobby have been separated by at least six feet, and some counselors with smaller offices are relocating individual counseling sessions to larger rooms. They are disinfecting chairs, door handles, countertops, and other shared surfaces thoroughly. In a public health emergency, individuals will be required to determine what makes sense. Vanessa, a North Carolina patient, reported that her clinic was not dispensing any additional takehome medications. She usually receives takehomes on Saturday, Sunday, and Monday, but on this Monday she was called in for a drug test and bottle check, a practice observed by some clinics in which they count patients’ takehome bottles. She described her clinic as operating as usual, with the exception of staff members taking patients’ temperatures. She noted that her temperature was not taken during the drug screening. She informed me via text message on Thursday morning that she would be given seven takehomes, but would have to pay for them herself. Stephanie, a patient in Pennsylvania, reports that she has continued to receive six takehome medications, but that her group meetings and individual counseling sessions have been canceled until further notice. Her counselor responded that for the clinic to close, it would have to be the end of the world and there would be zombies, but conceded that they were giving medically fragile patients extra takehome medications. Emily, who has hepatitis C, was not offered take-home doses by her Lexington, Kentucky clinic, but she reported that all patients are being questioned about potential symptoms upon entering the building. People who report feeling ill are dosed in their vehicles, and only five patients at a time are permitted to enter the building. Telephone-based individual counseling sessions have replaced canceled group sessions. Samantha, a pregnant patient in Central Florida, reported receiving 13 takehome medications and having a doctor’s appointment canceled so she would not have to go in an extra day. In South Florida, my husband Ricardo still receives daily dosing, but his clinic is advising patients to be prepared to pay in advance for two weeks’ worth of takehome medications. For my husband, this translates to a cost of $224. The price for patients at other clinics can vary in either direction, but typically not by a significant amount. My husband’s experience illuminates an additional concern for patients taking these medications. For some, extended scripts result in increased up-front earnings. Some methadone patients who pay for their medication out of pocket are only able to do so daily, relying on cash tips or weekly paychecks. Patients who are accustomed to paying for one or two weeks of Buprenorphine may not have sufficient funds for a 30-day prescription. Patients whose medications are covered by grants or insurance may face limits on the number of doses covered at one time, leaving them to pay for additional doses out of pocket. If they cannot pay, clinics are not required to administer medication. Because buprenorphine prescribing is subject to fewer stringent regulations than methadone prescribing, it is easier for providers to adhere to social distancing recommendations while keeping patients adequately medicated. Numerous providers have resorted to telemedicine. On March 17, the Secretary of Health and Human Services lifted restrictions on telemedicine practices that prohibited Medicare patients from using cell phones in their homes or shelters. On the same day, the Drug Enforcement Administration waived requirements that buprenorphine patients have an initial in-person visit, permitting new buprenorphine patients to engage in telemedicine from the beginning. Even with these changes, however, economically disadvantaged patients may have difficulty utilizing telehealth options. Not all of my patients have the necessary smartphones or minutes for telehealth. When asked about telehealth, their response was “absolutely not,” said Waldman. As Talbott emphasized, the response to this crisis will vary between states and clinics, with prescribers and medical directors having broad discretion. As states and counties continue to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on their communities and how they wish to respond, the situation is constantly evolving. Burson stated that his current primary responsibility is to reassure patients that they will not be abandoned. A previous version of this article incorrectly stated that all registered nurses could prescribe buprenorphine. Only registered nurses with advanced practice may prescribe this medication. RELATED
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– Initially, an opioid dependence. After that, a Life-Changing Criminal Record. – The Coronavirus Is Expanding. Your waiter cannot stay at home to stop the problem. Coronavirus Health Care methadone Substance Use Dependence Conclusion
Methadone patients have to report for medication daily, but the coronavirus pandemic is making that increasingly difficult.


While the board reviewed how well they were fulfilling their responsibilities, they uncovered an area that needed more work: Ensuring adequate financial resources. They had previously determined included growing donated funds.
The slide deck’s prepared call to action was perfect.
Find two people or businesses a quarter that may be interested in donating their time, treasure, or talent to advance our mission.
Except it wasn’t.
When the board read it, one member muttered, “The challenge is how.”
I prompted them for times they had already identified people and resources.
Nothing.
I shared three client examples—more silence.
It wasn’t hard.
Most nonprofit leaders believe
that board members do not help with fundraising because they don’t know their responsibilities.
Yet, this board
knew its responsibilities and was still stuck. 9 Reasons That Boards Don’t Engage in Fundraising Besides Being Unaware of Their Responsibilities
As clients discover in Board Rx, the reasons boards struggle to fulfill their responsibilities to ensure adequate financial resources are complicated. Here are the ones that appear most frequently in my work besides lack of role clarity. To successfully solve your board engagement challenge, each requires a different response.
These members can’t imagine how they would find interested people and proceed if they found them.
Members don’t understand why fundraising is essential. They think perhaps it would be better for staff to find a grant.
Board members don’t believe supporting fundraising is urgent. They have more essential board tasks.
These individuals believe that the professional staff should fundraise. (For why you need everybody’s help, get the first chapter of
Let’s Raise Nonprofit Millions.)
Members fail to appreciate the collective potential impact of the board members consistently engaging the community. These leaders fear people will think less of them if they even approach others about getting involved.
These leaders fear people will think less of them if they even approach others about getting involved.
Some directors worry staff will hound any referrals they make. (Read
Why Your Board’s Unenthusiastic About Finding New Donors for more.
These individuals did invite prospects to events. The encounters were awkward, and the guests didn’t make a gift. They’re skeptical about fundraising. Or, they created new relationships and brought friends. Besides never being thanked for the effort, the staff immediately asked them to do more.
These members are new in town, have been out-of-pocket (family health issues, COVID, etc.), and feel disconnected. Their network feels sparse and fragile.
The challenge of eliminating board fundraising resistance by teaching your board their responsibilities is that you’ll likely fail to get results. Moreover, you risk fostering resentment and members tuning your requests for
support. Failing to diagnose what’s preventing fundraising efforts is why many CEOs complain their boards don’t fundraise. Leading with Intent (2021), for instance, found that chief executives gave boards C minus on fundraising performance a C minus.
Instead, identify the reasons (usually there are several) why your board’s stuck on expanding your donor and resource base. When you grasp what’s behind this common board challenge, you’ll stop being frustrated by their behavior and instead cure their fears and false impressions. Give them practical know-how and thank them for their support.
Your insights on why their resist will help you craft a customized cure. The board above needed guidance on identifying their circles of influence and examples of how a casual conversation about the nonprofit’s mission might work. They had The How Challenge. Just as you don’t heal a viral infection the same way you resolve a bacterial one, you want a response that solves what ails your board, not the one size fits all “don’t know their roles.”
Which of the reasons above impact your board’s behaviors? Mark those that apply, and then check with your board members for their reactions. Add any additional challenges you discover. With your insights, you’ll be ready to plan how to help your board fulfill its responsibilities and become fundraising enthusiasts.
Karen Eber Davis Consulting guides executive directors and CEOs to generate the resources, boards, and support they need to make remarkable progress on their missions. As the award-winning thought-leader, advisor, and founding principal of Karen Eber Davis Consulting, Karen helps nonprofit leaders get answers, generate revenue, and grow their mission. Davis is known for her innovation and practicality based on her work with or visits to over 1,000 nonprofit organizations and her experience leading board and team events. She is the author of 7 Nonprofit Income Streams and Let's Raise Nonprofit Millions Together.


In Jackson v. City of Cleveland, E2015-01279-COA-R3-CV (filed 8/22/16), the Tennessee Court of Appeals held that a city police officer who worked in that capacity for 11 years before she was terminated could not pursue a sex-discrimination claim against the city, either for her termination or for post-termination retaliation.
This opinion demonstrates the complexities of employment law, and the merits of the employee's claim were not even reached by the Court of Appeals. Instead, the opinion focused on the timing of various claims of discrimination and retaliation made by the employee and whether any of those claims had been filed in a timely way. After an exhaustive analysis, the court held that none of the claims had been timely filed.
The employee was terminated on September 12, 2011. She filed a claim in federal court within one year. In her federal case, she alleged claims for retaliatory and discriminatory conduct against the police department under both federal and state law. However, she eventually moved to drop her federal claims. While the employee asked that the federal court remand her remaining state-law claims to state court (i.e., send them to state court), the federal and court instead dismissed the case, leaving the employee to refile her state-law claims in state court.
Unfortunately for the employee, she waited approximately one year to refile her state-law claims in state court. While this is often acceptable, because the defendant was a governmental entity and the case involved claims that had been dismissed in federal court and were refiled in state court, the refiling in state court was too late under the circumstances of this particular case.
The employee, however, argued that a theory known as the "continuing violation doctrine" saved her claims in state court. Much of the opinion focuses on the application of this doctrine. Under the doctrine, plaintiffs can bring claims for discriminatory conduct that occurred outside the statute of limitations if the conduct is sufficiently related to conduct that occurred inside the statute of limitations. For example, if women have systematically been paid less than men by a certain employer as part of a pattern and practice for many years with no justification for the distinction, and part of the discrimination occurred outside the statute of limitations but part of it occurred inside the statute of limitations, then the continuing violation doctrine allows a plaintiff alleging sex discrimination to bring suit for the entire discriminatory practice, even those instances of unequal pay that occurred outside the statute of limitations. However, there are many nuances to this doctrine, as the plaintiff in Jackson learned.
In Jackson, the only allegedly discriminatory act that occurred within (inside) the statute of limitations was the police department's request that the Tennessee Bureau of Investigation (TBI) investigate certain alleged timesheet irregularities. The court ultimately held that: (1) the plaintiff's termination was a discrete act that occurred outside the statute of limitations and was not subject to the continuing violation doctrine – therefore, any claim for wrongful termination was barred by the statute of limitations; (2) the plaintiff's hostile work environment claim was likewise barred by the statute of limitations because that claim ended when she was terminated, and she was terminated outside the statute of limitations; and (3) the plaintiff's claim for retaliation – based on the police department's request that the TBI investigate the employee – was a discrete act that could not be linked to her termination or other allegations of sex discrimination. The court also held that her claims of negligent and intentional infliction of emotional distress and malicious harassment could not survive. Lastly, the court held that the plaintiff had had ample time to develop evidence before the trial court dismissed her lawsuit.
This case demonstrates the complexity of employment law – even when the only issue is when the statute of limitations runs. In Jackson, the employee would not be allowed to get to the merits of her claim because she did not survive the procedural quagmire that she encountered when she dropped her federal claims and elected to pursue her state-law claims in state court.
MBG


Accel Gel Rock Climbing Study
THE EFFECT OF ENERGY SUPPLEMENTATION ON MARKERS OF MUSCLE STRESS DURING INDOOR ROCK CLIMBING
Brian Conder, Edward Davila, Kristen Croxford, John G. Seifert. Montana State University, Bozeman, MT.
The effect of nutritional supplementation on exercise induced markers of muscle stress has been extensively researched. However, no research exists on the influence of carbohydrate (CHO) or a carbohydrate-protein sports gel (GEL) supplementation on indices of muscle stress during rock climbing (RC). RC is an intermittent activity characterized by a high percentage of isometric muscle contractions combined with a moderate level of total energy expenditure. Climbers are limited to how much fluid they can carry, thus, liquid energy supplementation may also be limited. Ingesting an energy GEL may provide a viable alternative to carrying a large fluid volume.
PURPOSE: To determine whether CHO and GEL feedings have a significant effect upon plasma creatine kinase (CK) levels, post exercise blood lactate levels (LA), RPE, and exercise HR after 60 minutes of RC.
METHODS: Eight experienced subjects (3 males, 5 females; Mean ± SD: 24 ± 2 yrs) performed three bouts of climbing with a week between each bout. Each bout consisted of four 15 min intervals with a five minute rest between each interval. Subjects received one of three treatments during each RC session: a non-caloric placebo drink (PL); CHO drink; or GEL (Accel Gel, PacificHealth Laboratories, Inc.). The experimental treatments were isocaloric (1130 kJ or 270 kcal) and isovolumetric (600 mL). The liquid treatments were administered in a double blind crossover design. Heart rate and RPE’s were collected after each RC interval. Blood samples were collected before, directly after, and 24 hrs after each RC bout for LA and CK analysis. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and t-tests.
RESULTS: 24 h change in CK was significantly different (p<.05) between all treatments (GEL: 24.5 + 29.7; CHO: 56.8 + 36.5; PL: 119.0 + 126.5 U). No statistical differences between treatments were observed for HR, LA, and change in RPE CONCLUSIONS: Energy supplementation during RC significantly lowered muscle stress, as assessed by CK, when compared to PL. Additionally, the combining of protein and CHO provided an added benefit in minimizing muscle stress when compared to a CHO only drink. These findings indicate that GEL ingestion provided a viable option to energy supplementation when compared to a CHO only fluid.
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Dissertation Title:
Dissertation Title:
The Sources of US Trade Sanctions
My dissertation examines the international and domestic determinants of US-imposed economic sanctions. Traditionally, the literature on economic sanctions has focused on such things as their economic or political consequences, or their overall effectiveness. Consequently, there exists remarkably little work on the sources of sanctions. My research aims to address this imbalance.
Specifically, my dissertation asks two questions. First, why are some states targeted with sanctions but not others? Second, what determines the types of sanctions used against a given target state? To answer these questions, I first develop a theory of sanctions imposition, arguing that both the decision to impose sanctions, and the types of sanctions chosen in a given instance, are a function of systemic pressures affecting the interests of both the state and variable coalitions of societal actors. State leaders, charged with conducting foreign policy and in possession of private information concerning the nature of a given threat, can define that threat as either a security threat or a competitive threat. Security threats are those involving military power, global or regional stability, or the relative military position of the US. Competitive threats, on the other hand, are those relating to economic policies that unduly harm domestic economic actors or otherwise undermine the relative economic position of the US. However, while the state possesses the power to define a threat, as well as the authority to outline a response, it is relatively limited in its ability to extract and mobilize the resources necessary to respond to that threat in the manner it so desires. Instead, it must often bargain with societal coalitions in order to formulate a mutually acceptable response.
In general, I expect coalitions to form in favor of both action and inaction in response to a given threat. I expect an outward-oriented coalition, consisting of those with interests in export-oriented industries and those who have extensive international portfolios, along with those who favor free trade ideologically, to form in opposition to retaliatory action against a target state. Conversely, I expect an inward-oriented coalition, comprised of those with economic interests in import-competing industries, along with those who lack significant international portfolios or otherwise hold to economic nationalist beliefs and/or particularly strong national security views, to favor retaliatory policies against the offending state. These coalitions will compete in lobbying the state in order to realize their preferred policies, and it is this interaction between the interests of state and society that determines sanctions outcomes.
Using this framework, I then develop and test four hypotheses. In response to security threats, if the inward-oriented coalition is dominant, an embargo is the likely outcome. However, if the outward-oriented coalition is dominant, export or financial sanctions are the likely outcome. In response to competitive threats, if the inward-oriented coalition is dominant, import sanctions are the likely outcome. However, if the outward-oriented coalition is dominant, it is unlikely that any sanctions will be imposed. I first test these predictions using multinomial logistic regression on a country-year data set of US sanctions from 1960-2000. Following this, I conduct four case studies of US sanctions: import sanctions against Japan, export and financial sanctions against India and Pakistan, an embargo against Nicaragua, and a case of failed sanctions against China.


With 750,000 organizations, 12 million daily active users, and more than 1 billion messages sent on the platform daily, it’s no surprise that Slack data poses a growing challenge for organizations when it comes to data preservation and collection. That’s why DISCO is delighted to introduce Collect for Slack, DISCO Hold’s newest feature that enables legal teams to seamlessly identify, collect, preview, and promote Slack legal hold data for review, including for litigation, investigations, and compliance. Where DISCO Hold empowers legal teams to preserve data, notify custodians, and track holds with a defensible audit trail, the addition of Collect for Slack enables defensible legal hold
and defensible collections – all from that same interface.
DISCO has released Collect for Slack at a critical time for enterprises, as collecting data from Slack and other collaboration platforms can be cumbersome and expensive, typically requiring the creation of duplicative copies of collected data in third-party archives, and with them, increased storage costs and compliance risk. For legal teams, it can be difficult to make sense of disjointed yet highly interconnected chats, let alone get that data out of the Slack platform in formats conducive to effective review. Furthermore, the ability of Slack users to edit or delete messages or files at any time only complicates IT's ability to maintain consistent information governance.
Failure to properly preserve and collect from Slack has serious consequences, as the defendants in
Red Wolf Energy Trading, LLC v. Jylkka, et al discovered in September 2022 when a judge issued the rarest and most severe sanctions for discovery mistakes: a default judgment in favor of the plaintiffs in part due to the failure to appropriately collect from and produce Slack messages.
DISCO Hold’s Collect for Slack is easy enough to be used by the legal team but robust enough to meet the expectations of enterprise IT professionals. It integrates with the Slack Legal Hold API and the Slack Discovery API to centralize the hold-collect-review workflow. Collect For Slack was designed to increase productivity and enhance preservation compliance by enabling defensible legal hold and defensible collections from a single interface, offering key benefits and letting teams accelerate, automate, and scale their legal hold and review processes.
Interested in learning more about how DISCO Hold’s Collect for Slack can help your organization tackle the challenges of identifying, preserving, and collecting Slack data? Get a personalized demo from our team.


dbo:abstract Malnutrition occurs when an organism gets too few or too many nutrients, resulting in health problems. Specifically, it is "a deficiency, excess, or imbalance of energy, protein and other nutrients" which adversely affects the body's tissues and form. Malnutrition is a category of diseases that includes undernutrition and overnutrition. Undernutrition is a lack of nutrients, which can result in stunted growth, wasting, and underweight. A surplus of nutrients causes overnutrition, which can result in obesity. In some developing countries, overnutrition in the form of obesity is beginning to appear within the same communities as undernutrition. Most clinical studies use the term 'malnutrition' to refer to undernutrition. However, the use of 'malnutrition' instead of 'undernutrition' makes it impossible to distinguish between undernutrition and overnutrition, a less acknowledged form of malnutrition. Accordingly, a 2019 report by The Lancet Commission suggested expanding the definition of malnutrition to include "all its forms, including obesity, undernutrition, and other dietary risks." The World Health Organization and The Lancet Commission have also identified "[t]he double burden of malnutrition," which occurs from "the coexistence of overnutrition (overweight and obesity) alongside undernutrition (stunted growth and wasting)." (en)


Practical Considerations for Mass SARSCoV- 2 Pandemic Vaccination: A Narrative Review Abstract
Vaccine development against SARS-CoV-2 has dominated the literature during the 2019-21 COVID-19 pandemic, with minimal reporting regarding efficacious local implementation of vaccine campaigns—despite its critical role in vaccine uptake. This narrative review identifies practices to consider for local SARS-CoV-2 and future pandemic vaccination campaigns. We searched PubMed and the CDC’s Immunization Information Systems database and identified 941 articles, selecting 18 for review based on local implementation relevance. We extracted strategies applicable to state and local SARS-CoV-2 vaccination efforts. Considerations included: establishing well-defined priority groups and partnerships; advanced planning emphasizing communication; surveillance and evaluation; flexibility; and overcoming cost-related limitations. National guidelines, such as those developed by the U.S. Health and Human Services, are necessary but insufficient for high coverage rates, as they depend on variable local supply chains and community strategies. Local Health Departments should recognize prior successful approaches to plan more coordinated, targeted, and successful SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.
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The housing market, like most markets, is cyclical. These cycles can be greatly influenced by a number of factors, including interest rates, economic conditions and consumer confidence, which can create a shortage or surplus in housing. A seller’s market happens when there’s a shortage in housing or more potential buyers than homes. A buyer’s market,…
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The event features keynote speeches from high ranking Vietnamese government officials and representatives from leading Vietnamese and Japanese companies. They will share their views on concrete strategies for continued development and increased prosperity in the near future with approximately 150 attendants.
Speakers from established financial institutions such as international investment funds, banks, insurance companies and development organisations, including the International Finance Corporation, the World Bank Group, the Japan International Cooperation Agency’s Vietnamese Office and members of the Japan Business Association in Vietnam will also be contributing their insights at the forum.
Since 2013, the Nikkei Asian Review, published by Japan’s NIKKEI Inc., has been bringing pan-Asian perspectives and insights to their wide base of global readers, following 300 must-watch companies across the region, based on market capitalization and growth potential and providing up to date coverage and in depth analysis.
Targeting Vietnam’s increasing purchasing power as a growing economy with over 50 million people in the labour force, Japanese companies have focused their investment in Vietnamese manufacturing, consumer electronics, automobile, and retail sectors.


Hey everyone, I hope your papers are going well. I wanted to share some fascinating research related to legal automation and linguistics that my former professor, Megan Ma, is doing, as I think has some relevance to our course. Her research specifically focuses on the code-ification of legal language, how that diverges from the current legal practices, and the advantages and challenges that code would present as the new language of law. Translating law into code would necessitate the hyper-simplification of “legalese” into machine-readable data that would leave no room for abstraction. Megan cites this code-ification as a solution to legal indeterminacies but also cautions that “[t]he law hinges on complicated sociopolitical relationships; metaphors that require latent understanding of temporal societal constructs,” making it potentially impossible to “translate such information into perfectly comprehensible instruction.”
I am attaching a teaser on her dissertation that she wrote for the Harvard International Law Journal and a podcast interview she did, both in 2020. I don’t know when it is going to be published, but also keep a lookout for her full PhD dissertation that she completed last week!


Rapid Impact Compaction (RIC) Rapid Impact Compaction (RIC) instantly compacts shallow soils with a high-energy tamper. This technology is very economical and ideal for compaction of uncertified fills, and liquefiable soils with depths up to 25 ft. RIC utilizes a hydraulic hammer, repeatedly striking a 5-foot-diameter compaction plate at a rate of approximately 40 to 50 blows per minute. The energy of the hammer blow is dependent on the mass of the ram and the falling height. Upon striking the plate, the energy transfers into the subgrade strata to induce densification. A predefined “set” criteria allows the operator to determine the effective maximization of energy as indicated by the degree of soil depression observed in response to the hammer blows.


Organizations across every sector face new challenges every day. Growth can be challenging, especially in a volatile business landscape - from surpassing customers' expectations to driving new regulations to pursue more cost efficiencies or profitable growth. At ExemptOrg Business Management, we have over 20 years serving nonprofits, small to large businesses. We know the standard and complex challenges our clients face; we offer practical solutions that align with the client's overall strategic objectives. We support our clients to express their current state and operate with them to learn their desired shape. We draw that data and formulate options that enable them to achieve their goals.
The economic and human capital can often limit small businesses and nonprofits. ExemptOrg Business Management empowers businesses to capitalize on our resources, usually less than 50% of the cost of onboarded staff. Our advisory practice assists global and local clients create, manage, and achieve lasting change based on trusted connections, deep industry knowledge, and professional experience.


After benefiting from a decadelong binge of military spending and having learned painful lessons in Afghanistan and Iraq, the U.S. armed forces can claim to be better than ever. Given the urgent need to cut the deficit, it should therefore be possible to scale back military spending without damaging national security. O’Hanlon, a leading specialist on military budgets, argues that cuts can be made but should not be too drastic and should not usher in a disengaged foreign policy. China and Russia must be made to understand that the United States will continue to take its security commitments seriously. Meanwhile, the U.S. military must make preparations for potentially dire contingencies in Iran and North Korea without losing sight of its new appreciation for the difficulty of counterinsurgency and state building. Arguments like O’Hanlon’s seem to be reaching policymakers: in January, President Barack Obama announced that the focus of U.S. security strategy would begin to shift away from Europe and the Middle East and toward Asia and the Pacific, and the Pentagon already seems to have accepted the logic of shrinking ground forces.


BLM to start gathering wild horses on 5 HMAS in southwest Wyoming -Bureau of Land Management
ROCK SPRINGS, Wyo. — In support of the Bureau of Land Management’s mission to sustainably manage wild horses and burros on public rangelands, the BLM Rock Springs and Rawlins field offices plan to begin gathering wild horses on or after Oct. 7, from the Great Divide Basin, Adobe Town, Salt Wells Creek, White Mountain and Little Colorado Herd Management Areas (HMAs) in southwestern Wyoming. The gather is part of the BLM’s approach to managing and protecting healthy wild horses on healthy public rangelands in balance with available water, forage, and other authorized uses of the land.
The BLM estimates the wild horse population across the five HMAs to be approximately 5,105, which is more than double the combined appropriate management level of 1,550-2,145 horses. The gather is being conducted to address the overpopulation on the HMAs, prevent deterioration of the rangeland due to the overpopulation, remove horses from private lands and areas not designated for their long-term use, and comply with the 2013 Consent Decree between the Rock Springs Grazing Association and the BLM.
The BLM plans to gather approximately 4,300 horses of which about 3,500 will be removed and 800 will be returned to the range. Any mare returned to an HMA will be treated with temporary fertility control. By managing wild horses at appropriate levels, the BLM can better maintain herd and rangeland health and reduce trespass onto private land and highways. Additional information and daily gather reports will be available at https://www.blm.gov/wyoming/2021-rock-springs-gather.
While the gather is underway, public lands will remain open unless closures are deemed necessary due to safety concerns. Because of low-flying aircraft, all drone use will be prohibited within 20 miles of the immediate gather area. Occasional road closures may also be necessary to permit movement of wild horses during gather operations.
Opportunities are available for the public to observe gather operations, provided that doing so does not jeopardize the safety of the animals, staff, observers, or disrupt gather operations. The BLM will escort the public to gather observation sites located on public lands. Participants must provide their own transportation, water and food. The BLM recommends a four-wheel drive, high clearance vehicle. Those interested in observing the gather must notify Brad Purdy at bpurdy@blm.gov or (307) 775-6328.
Wild horses that are removed will be checked by a veterinarian and made available for adoption to qualified applicants. To learn more about the BLM’s Wild Horse and Burro Program and adopting a Wyoming wild horse, visit blm.gov/whb or contact the national information center at (866) 486-7826 or wildhorse@blm.gov.
This year, we invite everyone to reimagine your public lands as we celebrate 75 years of the BLM’s stewardship and service to the American people. The BLM manages approximately 245 million acres of public land located primarily in 12 Western states, including Alaska. The BLM also administers 700 million acres of sub-surface mineral estate throughout the nation. The agency’s mission is to sustain the health, diversity, and productivity of America’s public lands for the use and enjoyment of present and future generations.
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