Co-authored with James T. Hamilton, Stanford University
This article applies economic principles to an exploration of how information is produced for, acquired by, and utilized by low-income individuals in the United States. Low values placed on changing decisions by those with less income translate through supply and demand into lower quantities and qualities of content created for their benefit. The geography of poverty may mean less accountability journalism in poor communities. Behavioral economics helps explain the particularly challenging choice architectures and cognitive loads faced by decision makers with low incomes. When companies target individuals with low literacy rates and education, fraud and deception can leave them worse off. In government information policies aimed at redistribution, subsidies often flow to intermediaries rather than the intended beneficiaries. Many central research questions about the information lives of low-income individuals remain open, though policies and programs taking these economic factors into account can aid in their decision making.
International Journal of Communication, Vol 12 (2018)
http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8340


Financial independence can be difficult to maintain once you or a loved one becomes ill or mentally impaired. While you can’t plan for every circumstance, there are decisions you can make now that will help make potential unforeseen situations easier.
This short course will help you:
Explore future situations where you might need a financial caregiver Compile the documents needed to create a financial plan Discuss the topic of appointing a financial caregiver with loved ones


To enhance the stability of your dentures, dental implants can be placed to provide extra support. For more information about dental implants in Abbotsford, at Kafka Denture Clinic, come in for a consultation. We'll examine your mouth and talk to you about your options as we develop a personalized treatment plan. Implant-supported dentures are recommended for patients who are missing their teeth but have enough bone mass in their jaw to adequately support two or more implants.
If you're not familiar with dental implants, they're constructed from titanium posts and surgically implanted into your jaw beneath the gum line. Special attachments located on the denture snap onto corresponding attachments on the implants. Over time and as your mouth heals, the implant and your jawbone fuse together and form a stable root that securely holds the dentures in place. The entire process, including your recovery time, can take anywhere from 5 to 12 months.


CLIENT: Braddock and Logan LOCATION: Glendale, Colorado SERVICES: Property condition assessment ASSET TYPES: Multifamily residential
Marx|Okubo’s property condition assessments provide our clients with the necessary expertise to ensure that their buildings meet the highest standards of accessibility for persons with disabilities. At Alister Cherry Creek, a 324-unit, garden-style residential property, over $800,000 in accessibility-related capital needs were identified by Marx|Okubo professionals during the course of our condition review. The identified costs included the need for complete remodeling of kitchens, bathrooms and closets that previously did not allow for adequate positioning clearance for residents in wheelchairs. Also included were costs for adding accessible ramps to units on the first level that were previously only accessible by stairs.
During property condition assessments, Marx|Okubo professionals have consistently demonstrated awareness of building features that create livable spaces for all potential residents. This awareness, cultivated in over 35 years of experience assessing multifamily properties, makes Marx|Okubo an ideal candidate for the assessment of any multifamily property.


Insomnia is a prevalent health concern in older adults with numerous adverse consequences. Prior research suggests that the sleep disturbance and related complaints are driven by physiological hyperarousal and deficiencies in the autonomic nervous system, particularly parasympathetic activity, that inhibit healthy sleep-wake regulation. Pharmacological treatments are not viable long-term, and current behavioral and contemplative interventions are not effective for all individuals. With a randomized controlled trial design using an active control group, the proposed project aims to evaluate the efficacy of Sudarshan Kriya Yoga (SKY) as a potential alternative intervention for insomnia in a group of older adults. SKY is a promising strategy to alleviate sleep disturbance due to its targeted conditioning of parasympathetic activity. Changes in sleep will be measured objectively via wrist actigraphy and subjectively via sleep diary and questionnaire. Heart rate variability and various self-report measures will also be collected for exploratory analyses of related changes in autonomic function and well-being. Given the presence of sleep and autonomic disturbance in many other psychiatric conditions (e.g. anxiety and depression), these results are likely to have beneficial implications for a variety of populations and age groups.


An air conditioner is a well-thought formula for uncomfortable weather conditions, for scorching temperatures and humidity. Because of this, many homeowners see interior air conditioning as essential. The air is cooled, and an efficient HVAC removes humidity in but occasionally you might like to remove excess humidity.
How Do AC Units Reduce Humidity? Many air conditioning units include the ability to control humidity. Its evaporator coil condenses water vapor from the surrounding atmosphere. According to AC companies in Yuma, AZ, this happens when the chilly evaporator coil comes into contact with your home’s warm, humid air. The air then becomes drier in your home as the liquid condenses. The moisture collected in evaporator coils gets transferred to a drain to be discharged outside. However, keep in mind that it also heavily depends on the kind of air conditioning system you have and how old it is. According to AC repair experts modern air conditioners are more effective in controlling indoor humidity than older models. Additional Methods to Eliminate Humidity Clean Up Your Coil
Your evaporator coil cannot remove all the heat and moisture that should be removed at home if it is covered in dust. It would help if you also replaced or cleaned your air filters during
air conditioning service in Yuma, AZ, and then your AC will be effective at removing humidity. Adjust the Fan’s Speed
You would want to flow air at about 350 CFM per tonne in hot and humid areas. Many systems are set up to transport air more quickly than that.
According to AC companies, removing moisture at a faster rate is not optimal. That’s why you should maintain the recommended speed for your fan.
Place a Thermal Expansion Valve in Place
A thermal expansion valve is connected to your refrigerant line like a light bulb when it is installed. As a result, the bulb opens and closes per the refrigerant required and is suitable for usage at any temperature.
If it seems challenging, consider it differently: Your evaporator coil’s capacity to expel heat and moisture is enhanced by a TXV. Any component of your evaporator coil that wasn’t used before adding a TXV will be used.
Verify the Charge of Your Refrigerant
More frequently than you would imagine, you should check your refrigerant charge during air conditioning service.
If the load is too less, your HVAC may struggle to cool or dry out your house sufficiently to keep it pleasant.
Sizing of HVAC Systems
Your
HVAC in Yuma, AZ, might have been installed by your HVAC specialist with a too-large unit. This is a typical mistake committed by unskilled technicians.
The simple thing is that overpowered air conditioners frequently don’t operate long enough to remove humidity from your home efficiently.
Whole-House Dehumidifiers
A whole-house dehumidifier can be a smart option if you’ve tried everything we recommend in this post and still feel uncomfortable and clammy.
When fitted correctly, these devices serve as supplemental dehumidifiers when your air conditioner cannot remove enough moisture on its own.
Proper Insulation
Effective air sealing and insulation in your home to maintain ideal temperatures and humidity levels while using less energy. The more air leaks you can plug up, especially in your attic, the less moisture will initially enter your home. The duct leaking is the same.
Any update you may require, including installing a whole-home dehumidifier, can be handled by the professionals at Polar Cooling. If you notice that your air conditioner struggles to chill your home during these times efficiently, call us at
928-344-2632 or send us an email here right away to schedule an appointment with our skilled technicians for AC repair in Yuma, AZ.


Typically, conventional perfumes are mass produced and include synthetic aroma chemicals. These blends usually contain a vague “fragrance” ingredient on the label. These fragrances are created from synthetic aroma compounds, often from petrochemicals and can include phthalates. Natural perfume contains ingredients sourced from nature – pure essential oil aromas, flower essences, and absolutes. There are no synthetic ingredients that effect scent sensitivities or pose harm to the body.


It's that time of year again, with National Recycling Week kicking off on 7th November.
This year, National Recycling Week explores the idea that 'waste isn't waste until it's wasted.'
It is a reminder that reducing our waste – domestic, commercial, and industrial - keeps valuable materials out of landfills and benefits the environment by reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
The most crucial benefit of construction and demolition recycling is putting less strain on the Earth's resources by finding ways to reuse or recycle construction and demolition waste.
When construction and demolition waste materials and by-products are reused, the demand for raw materials and energy consumption decreases.
Less waste also lessens our need for landfills, allowing that land to be used for other purposes, including community use. It also reduces greenhouse emissions and other gas pollutants from waste in landfills.
Each year, vast quantities of construction and demolition waste end up in landfill. According to the 2020 National Waste Report, 21.9 million tonnes of waste was produced by the construction and demolition industries in Australia that year.
SCE processes C&D Waste into an endless source of new civil construction materials.
"In the last 6 years, SCE has supplied almost 1.5 million tonnes of recycled materials for roadmaking! This is equivalent to nearly 250,000 kms of road"
While SCE is making good inroads in the construction and demolition space, there is still much to do.
If you're not already, start to reduce, reuse, and recycle in November and remember, it's not waste until it's wasted!


This presents a revised version of a methodology for assessing the quality of carbon credits based on lessons learned from its pilot application. The scoring and results can be used by prospective carbon credit buyers to inform their purchases.
World Wildlife Fund Inc. is a nonprofit, tax-exempt charitable organization (tax ID number 52-1693387) under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. Donations are tax-deductible as allowed by law.


Abstract
The article offers a new reading of the home ownership-mortgage relationship in Israel. It points at the duality characterizing Israeli law regarding home ownership and its protection. While home ownership is a cherished social value, there is a reluctance to provide it with sufficient protection. The significant implications of repossession in the personal, social, and economic realms call for new thinking concerning the assurance of sustainable housing. Current protection laws focus mostly on ex post solutions, aimed at alleviating the plight of the defaulting mortgagor. The article emphasizes the need for ex ante policies, introducing innovative mechanisms in home purchasing.


Flora Vincent holds a PhD in marine microbiology from the Ecole Normale Supérieure in Paris. She is fascinated by marine microbes, the invisible majority that populates our oceans and plays a key role in our ecosystem, by producing oxygen, recycling carbon dioxide, and serving as the basis of the marine food chain. Most of these organisms do not live in isolation and are connected by numerous mechanisms: predation, symbiosis, parasitism, viral infection.
At the Weizmann Institute, Flora is working in the laboratory of Assaf Vardi on the marine phytoplankton Emiliania huxleyi. The proliferation of these microalgae, which are responsible for massive blooms visible from space, is terminated by viral infection. Flora’s postdoctoral research focuses on resistant subpopulations that ultimately guaranty survival of this species, with the goal of understanding what governs the dynamics of viral infections at the single-cell level, and how heterogeneity contributes to this phytoplankton’s success.
Flora adds: “I’m also involved in outreach science. I believe it’s part of our responsibility as scientists to make citizens aware of what we’re doing, and why. I focus particularly on portraying science as it really is: a good deal of work with a good deal of excitement, accessible to boys and girls, driven by curiosity and targeted at explaining how the world works around us and how we can improve it.”


The Baytown Fire Department delivers an exciting, imaginative program that teaches children life and fire safety through clowns, puppets, music, magic and more. The BEAT Alley program has been tremendously successful in sending these safety messages to the elementary school children of the Goose Creek Independent School District (GCCISD) for over 25 years. Today, the program reaches over 11,000 students within GCCISD each year covering topics such as:
Stop, Drop, Cover, and Roll
What to do when the smoke detector sounds
What to do if you find matches or a lighter
Evacuation drills
Boat and water life safety
Bullying in schools
What children should do if they find a weapon, such as a gun or knife
Bicycle and skateboarding safety.
These topics are designed to deliver thorough messages to children emphasizing the importance of various life and fire safety encounters. Additionally, the BEAT Alley program incorporates current events and trends to help the children better relate and understand the demonstrated topic.
Each year, the BEAT Alley members determine a specific theme and message they will present for the duration of that year. Previous themes have included:
2010 - Pirates of the Caribbean theme - addressed water and boat life safety; also touched on a sensitive area of bullying in schools
2011 - Time traveling theme - emphasized Stop, Drop, Cover, and Roll fire safety; also incorporated skateboarding safety education
2012 - Men in Black theme titled “Clowns in Black” – Continued Stop, Drop, Cover, and Roll fire safety while also addressing matches and lighter fire safety, as well as the dangers children encounter when finding weapons and what is expected of them to ensure their safety.
The BEAT Alley program is a fantastic way for young children to learn fire and life safety while interacting and having fun. If you would like to schedule an event, please contact the Public Information and Education Coordinator, Casey Cook, at 281-420-7116 or email casey.cook@baytown.org.


Data from: Thermal niche evolution across replicated Anolis lizard adaptive radiations Citation
Gunderson, Alex R.; Mahler, D. Luke; Leal, Manuel (2018), Data from: Thermal niche evolution across replicated Anolis lizard adaptive radiations, Dryad, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.688jj72
Abstract
Elucidating how ecological and evolutionary mechanisms interact to produce and maintain biodiversity is a fundamental problem in evolutionary ecology. We investigate this issue by focusing on how physiological evolution affects performance and species coexistence along the thermal niche axis in replicated radiations of Anolis lizards, groups best known for resource partitioning based on morphological divergence. We find repeated divergence in thermal physiology within these radiations, and that this divergence significantly affects performance within natural thermal environments. Morphologically similar species that co-occur invariably differ in their thermal physiology, providing evidence that physiological divergence facilitates species co-existence within anole communities. Despite repeated divergence in traits of demonstrable ecological importance, phylogenetic comparative analyses indicate that physiological traits have evolved more slowly than key morphological traits related to the structural niche. Phylogenetic analyses also reveal that physiological divergence is correlated with divergence in broad-scale habitat climatic features commonly used to estimate thermal niche evolution, but that the latter incompletely predicts variation in the former. We provide comprehensive evidence for repeated adaptive evolution of physiological divergence within Anolis adaptive radiations, including the complementary roles of physiological and morphological divergence in promoting community-level diversity. We recommend greater integration of performance-based traits into analyses of climatic niche evolution, as they facilitate a more complete understanding of the phenotypic and ecological consequences of climatic divergence.
Usage Notes
Funding
National Science Foundation, Award: 1110570


This article reviews a lender’s bargain for a deed-in-lieu to avoid the delay and expense of a foreclosure.
Reducing the risk of loss
The trustee’s foreclosure of a junior trust deed by a carryback seller or an equity lender may leave them unable to recover all the monies due them on the note. The same holds true for a first trust deed lender who originates a loan with a high loan-to-value ratio (LTV). [See Chapter 30]
Rather than initiating a trustee’s foreclosure sale when an owner is in default, a prudent lienholder will consider saving the considerable costs of foreclosure and lost time by negotiating with the property owner for a
deed-in-lieu of foreclosure. Editor’s note — The following deed-in-lieu rules also apply to the termination of the buyer’s rights of redemption under lease-options sales and . land sales contracts The deed-in-lieu is an exchange
A
deed-in-lieu is prepared on the same grant deed form used for the conveyance of fee title. [See Form 406 accompanying this chapter]
Under a deed-in-lieu, an owner of property essentially sells his property and conveys it to a carryback seller or lender
in exchange for the seller or lender canceling the debt secured by their trust deed lien on the property.
To complete the exchange, both the deed-in-lieu and a reconveyance of the trust deed are recorded, thus extinguishing the lender- borrower relationship between the holder of the trust deed and the owner of the property.
Before completing the exchange, the seller or lender negotiating for a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure must consider the effects of title insurance, purchase options, due-on clauses, reassessment and tax aspects of the property transfer in exchange for cancellation of the debt.
Deed absolute vs. mortgage
For a deed-in-lieu to function as a
deed absolute, the transaction must be a fair exchange of values, a conveyance of all an owner’s interest in a property for a trust deed holder’s complete cancellation of a debt. Thus, the owner agrees to a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure when he has little or no measurable dollar amount of equity in his property in excess of the liens.
Conversely, a deed-in-lieu does not function as a
deed absolute, but as a mortgage-in-fact when the owner executing the deed-in-lieu retains the right to:
· cure his default and have the property reconveyed to him at a later date;
· receive a payment of surplus net proceeds if the lender later resells the property; or
· continue in possession of the property under a lease and purchase option. [See Chapter 19]
A voidable deed-in-lieu
A deed-in-lieu (or
quit claim deed) handed to a trust deed holder in advance of a default is voidable by the owner of the property who signed the deed. If the premature delivery of the deed-in-lieu to the trust deed holder is for the purpose of eliminating the owner’s reinstatement and redemption rights, the deed-in-lieu will be set aside as void. [ Hamud v. Hawthorne (1959) 52 C2d 78]
Occasionally, at the time a trust deed lien is recorded or later modified, a deed-in-lieu is concurrently entered into by the owner, then notarized and delivered unrecorded to the lender or carryback seller. Later, the deed-in-lieu will be recorded when a default occurs. However, once recorded, the deed- in-lieu functions as a mortgage, not a conveyance. The recorded deed-in- lieu replaces and extinguishes the existing trust deed. Thus, the deed-in-lieu becomes a
mortgage-in-fact that replaces the now extinguished trust deed.
The delivery of a deed-in-lieu in advance of a default is an
invalid waiver of the redemption rights an owner holds under any debt secured by his real estate. Thus, on a default after a beneficiary has received a deed-in-lieu, a judicial foreclosure is forced on the lender or carryback seller who records the deed-in-lieu to clear title in his name, since recording an ineffective deed-in-lieu creates a mortgage without the benefit of a trustee’s foreclosure provision. [Calif. Civil Code §2889] Necessary title insurance
On recording a deed-in-lieu, a
title insurance policy is needed to assure the junior lienholder that the title he receives on the conveyance is clear of any liens or other types of encumbrances which might have attached to the property. Also, the property may have been conveyed by the owner after the junior lienholder’s trust deed was recorded.
When any encumbrance exists on a property which is junior in time to the foreclosing seller’s or equity lender’s trust deed, a deed-in-lieu conveys title subject to that lien.
Thus, a carryback seller cannot accept a deed-in-lieu and reconvey his trust deed if
junior liens or conveyances which affect the title of the property were recorded at a later date. If the title has been further encumbered or conveyed after recording the trust deed, the carryback seller must foreclose to clear title to the property in his name.
Title insurance companies view a deed-in-lieu with suspicion, since the deed may be voidable. Thus, special wording is required to signify the deed is a true conveyance, not a
disguised mortgage with a lease and option allowing the owner to recover title.
To be insurable, the deed-in-lieu must state the transfer was freely and fairly entered into by the owner for
adequate consideration. The deed must also state the conveyance either fully or partially satisfies the debt. [See Form 406]
Additionally, the title insurance company may require an
estoppel affidavit from the owner, containing similar assurances the deed-in-lieu is a deed absolute, not a mortgage-in-fact. Incentive to stay or convey
An owner is more inclined to negotiate a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure when his gross equity is less than 10% of the property’s current fair market value. Additionally, the trust deed holder will probably take a loss on the foreclosure and resale of the property if the owner’s equity is less than 10% of the property’s current fair market value.
However, when the owner has little or no equity to lose, the trust deed holder may need to offer some greater incentive beyond cancellation of the trust deed in exchange for the title of the property. One incentive the trust deed holder may offer for a deed- in-lieu is a relatively small amount of “move-out” cash which is acceptable to the buyer, in addition to erasing the debt.
The incentive to enter into a deed-in-lieu may also include non-cash considerations, such as an agreement which permits the buyer to continue occupying the property after the conveyance solely as a holdover tenant.
Editor’s note — An option to repurchase accompanying the right to retain possession of the property under a lease may not be granted to the buyer, as it would convert the deed-in-lieu into a mortgage. [ [Calif. Code of Civil Procedure §744]
The seller must weigh his money expenditures required to complete a foreclosure against the amount of cash or other forms of consideration he is willing to offer the buyer to receive a deed- in-lieu and possession of the property in order to avoid a delay in repossessing the property. [See Form 406]
Due-on-sale triggered
For a junior lienholder, taking title to real estate by a deed-in- lieu is like receiving a trustee’s deed on foreclosure, since both trigger any due-on-sale clauses in the senior trust deed.
Whether repossessing property by foreclosure or a deed-in-lieu, the carryback seller or junior lender should consider negotiating a waiver of the underlying lender’s due-on-sale enforcement rights before reinstating the lender’s trust deed loan. [See Chapter 28]
Profit reporting consequences
Unlike money lenders, carryback sellers who take back the property they sold, either at the trustee’s sale or by a deed-in-lieu, cannot report a profit or loss on the exchange of the canceled carryback note for title to the property.
However, the tax consequence of the original sale in which the carryback paper was created is re-analyzed. Taxwise, any portion of the down payment and principal paid in the installments which were not previously taxed are now
taxed on his repossession of the property. [Internal Revenue Code §1038] Reassessment
Whether a seller obtains title through foreclosure or a deed-in- lieu, a
change of ownership occurs which calls for a reassessment of the property.
The property will be reassessed at its current market value on receipt of a deed-in-lieu or a trustee’s deed.


The United States House of Representatives has approved legislation to combat the rise of hate crimes against Asians during the coronavirus pandemic, sending the bill to President Joe Biden on Tuesday for his signature.
The measure, previously passed in the Senate, was approved by an overwhelming majority in the House, 364-62. The new law directs the US Justice Department to focus on the prosecution of violent crimes against Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders.
In the past year, the US police have seen a surge in racially motivated crimes against Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders including a shooting in March in Georgia that killed six women of Asian descent.
“For more than a year, Asian Americans all across our nation have been screaming out for help,” Representative Grace Meng, lead sponsor of the bill, said in a statement.
“We’ve all heard the sickening stories and seen the horrifying videos of Asian Americans being beaten, slashed and spat on,” Meng said when the bill passed the Senate by a 94-1 vote.
Law enforcement and Asian American advocates have linked the rise in hate crimes against Asians to the political rhetoric of former President Donald Trump and other Republican politicians who blamed the pandemic on China.
Hate crimes are notoriously difficult to prosecute. The bill provides for a hotline for local prosecutors seeking guidance in such cases and training for law enforcement.
It also includes the Jabara-Heyer “NO HATE” Act, which improves law enforcement reporting of hate crimes and expands community assistance and resources for victims of such crimes.
The Act is named after Khalid Jabara, a Lebanese American who was killed by a racist neighbour in Tulsa, Oklahoma, in 2016, and Heather Heyer, who died in a vehicle attack during a march by white supremacists in Charlottesville, Virginia, in 2017. Both attacks were initially not categorised as hate crimes but would be under the new law.
In California and New York, homes to large Asian American populations, there have been alarming incidents of violence against people of Asian descent.
In March, a 75-year-old, Asian American man, Pak Ho, died after being shoved to the ground while taking a morning walk near his home in Oakland. A suspect faces assault charges but not a hate crime charge.
In New York, a 65-year-old Filipino woman was assaulted in broad daylight while walking on the street by a man who kicked her in the stomach and stomped on her head. The incident was captured on security video. She survived and he was arrested.
Last year, an Asian immigrant and his two young sons were stabbed and slashed while shopping for groceries in Midland, Texas.
The monitoring group, Stop AAPI Hate, reported 3,795 incidents nationwide between March 2020 and February 2021.


Breakthrough: Matu Taylor
Posted by: DVULI | July 22, 2022
by Kimberlee Mitchell, Staff Writer
Wired to thrive in synergy with others, Matu Taylor (Los Angeles 2019) found herself serving in ministry at Faith Central Bible Church where some of her co-workers preferred a more independent work environment. "LA talks a big game about all the work we do, but our collaboration game, from my viewpoint, is exaggerated," divulges Matu. "DVULI talks about trusting the process, but some people don't appreciate or even want the process–yet they still want what the process produces." Matu knew something was off and tried to be part of the solution but felt stuck. "I didn't have the tools to try to fix it, nor did I have the words to adeptly articulate my frustrations prior to coming into this process with DVULI," Matu recalls. "There's a propensity to skip past the strategic collaboration and jump to 'hey, look at this great thing that we did together.'" The frustrating isolation led her to some dysfunctional work relationships, which dimmed her light, muffled her voice, and ultimately took a toll on her health.
Right around that time, Matu was offered the role of DVULI city coordinator. During the training, she recalls an aha moment at the Scenario Planning workshop when the core value of interdependence was revisited. While playing The Search for the Lost Dutchman's Gold Mine ™, her cohort worked together to play a historic perfect game for the first and only time in DVULI's 24-year history. "We realized that when we looked out for each other, we all won," joyfully recalls Matu. "We did it literally in the room and then figuratively throughout the game. I was like, this is it! This is the world I want to live in. I want this in real life!" Matu finally had a term that helped her articulate her heart's desire for ministry work best practice—interdependence. "This process of collaboration is the richness we get when people are not selfish with their resources, not withholding, and not lying. I started thinking, how do we bottle this? How do I bring this into my context?"
To start, Matu recognized that forcing her way through closed doors was futile. "I had been under the assumption that interdependence had to be with my office coworkers. I had to rethink my approach," she explains. "I discovered I needed to work with what's working." She practiced interdependence with those who were willing—youth and their parents. "I'm now also open to considering unlikely suspects or people I've never thought of before. I put everything on the table and ask God to show me the way. Before DVULI, I wasn't doing it that way." This shift allowed her to achieve breakthrough, although not with some of her co-workers whom she presumed were natural collaboration partners.
Instead, Matu formed a youth leadership council of 18 to 24-year-old interns with whom she now collaborates and empowers. Thanks to a generous donation, she compensates them with a stipend while they build a resume, gain work experience, and learn about diversity and inclusion. "I show them there are benefits to working and serving in leadership," shares Matu. "Bringing people together with different ways of being can be messy, but I have believed for a very long time that it produces the most beautiful thing. When they get that win, their whole confidence, their whole everything changes." Matu has since observed her co-workers replicating her youth empowerment practices, and she rejoices in that success. When her youth development tactics and collaborative mindset were demonstrated at a citywide youth camp event, youth worker peers from across LA personally requested her collaboration and direction on how to get "the same traction and fruit with youth in their part of the city." Matu relishes these advancements as evidence of breakthrough.
Like with interdependence, the core value of balance shed light on another area that required attention. "I could directly draw the correlation between the ministry dysfunction and what was happening with me personally and physically," explains Matu, who lost 45 pounds since graduating from DVULI. "It was killing me." She realized that lack of balance meant poor modeling on her part. "That woke me up," explains Matu, who has learned to say no, set time limits, and establish healthy boundaries.
Matu's learning experience fostered an awakening that provided her with the tools to address the toll that working in a challenging system had taken on her professionally and personally. Today, her breakthrough continues to equip her calling as an urban youth worker. This has also allowed her to rediscover her neglected passion for writing and motivational speaking. "I am so much more excited about the possibilities," says Matu, eyes gleaming. "God has been affirming without me having to do anything."


Tips for Better Sleep
Here are some general guidelines for healthy sleep:
Losing weight often improves breathing during sleep, enabling the patient to sleep more restfully with less likelihood for daytime sleepiness. Avoid alcohol within two hours of bedtime. Alcohol depresses breathing and increases the risk for sleep disturbances. Avoid sleeping pills, which depress breathing. Sleep on your side, not on the back.
Take a moment to assess your symptoms for a sleep disorder. If you answered “yes” to any of these, you may have sleep apnea or another sleep disorder.
I snore I experience excessive daytime sleepiness I wake up gasping for air I wake up with heartburn/reflux I have trouble losing weight I have morning headaches It is hard for me to stay awake while driving I’ve been told that I fall asleep incredibly fast I’ve been told that I stop breathing while I sleep


One of the worst fears of U.S. healthcare providers is data beaches because of the potential for medical identity theft. This is not surprising at all, since there are many hospitals and health systems that unfortunately do not have access to the best cybersecurity tools.
However, they still need to use the resources available to prevent data breaches, and if they are unsuccessful, they face the consequences - litigation costs, unwanted attention, medical identity theft, loss of goodwill, and more. Data breaches are quite crucial - there’s even a HIPAA Breach Notification Rule that outlines what healthcare providers must do when they face one. While data breaches might not be avoidable due to several issues such as budget constraints, preventing medical identity theft is what caregivers must focus on.
Let us take a brief look at how data breaches and medical identity theft are related, the impact of the latter, and the benefits of preventing fraudulent cases.
Medical identity theft occurs due to a variety of reasons, one of the more common ones being due to data breaches. See, patient identification in the U.S. is already a significant concern, and fraudsters take that advantage.
For instance, if a healthcare provider suffers from a data breach, the information is already available to the hacker(s). Most of them sell it on the black market for hefty prices - up to $1000 per EHR. Many individuals buy the information, and while their motivations might vary, they end up committing medical identity theft.
Since patient identification is shaky at most healthcare facilities, these fraudsters are not red flagged in real-time. This leads to the fraudsters getting away with availing healthcare services, buying medical devices, and making fraudulent claims. Moreover, these cases are detected a long time after the crimes were committed, and in many cases, are undetected.
If caregivers could identify patients accurately, then preventing medical identity theft would have been possible for the caregivers in real-time. Unfortunately, not every healthcare provider chooses to opt for a solution that can red-flag fraudsters whenever they pose as the patients, such as patient identification platforms.
Coming to patients, identity theft is even worse for them - let us explore how.
As mentioned,a few times, patient identification is in a problematic state. Not only does it lead to patient misidentification cases, patient safety incidents, patient mix-ups, and preventable medical errors, but it is also one of the leading causes why fraudsters committing medical identity theft are not caught red-handed. However, due to this, many of these cases remain undetected, and even if detected, can be extremely costly.
If a patient becomes a victim of medical identity theft and all the concerned parties (healthcare providers, payers, patients themselves) are unaware of it, then it leads to patient safety issues down the line. For instance, when a hospital fails in preventing medical identity theft, the fraudster will be fraudulently availing treatment, medical devices, or other services. When they go for treatment, their preferences will be recorded in the EHR of the victim. This tampers patient data integrity as the victim might have quite different healthcare requirements than the fraudster. When the victim needs to avail healthcare services subsequently, they will face detrimental healthcare outcomes as the treatment is based on wrong information.
If medical identity theft is detected, even then, it is a long, strenuous, and costly process to rectify the damages done by the fraudsters for both the hospital and the patient. Many patients even must pay for the bills generated by the fraudsters, and in other cases, hospitals are sued by the victims. At the end of all of this, hospitals lose goodwill, a significant amount of money, and trust from their patients.
As can be understood, medical identity theft must be prevented at all costs - let uslook at some of the benefits of doing so.
Medical identity theft leads to patient data corruption as the EHRs become unusable afterward. If a hospital successfully prevents fraudsters, then they can also protect the victims’ information from being tampered with.
Quite naturally, hampered patient information leads to dangerous healthcare outcomes if not detected or addressed beforehand. By preventing medical identity theft, healthcare providers ensure that the patients are receiving accurate treatment, especially if they are accurately identifying their patients.
Eliminating medical identity theft means that there would be no lawsuits, litigation costs, revenue losses, or administrative costs related to it. Moreover, unwanted attention and loss of goodwill can also be avoided if a provider chooses to prevent such cases.
While caregivers are going all-in to prevent data breaches, in many cases, they are not preventable. But that does not mean that they cannot cut their losses - by stopping medical identity theft, caregivers can potentially save millions of dollars.


Half of the respondents in a YouGov survey say the government should invest in artificial intelligence. UAE residents are aware of cryptocurrency, virtual reality, and self-driving cars. The UAE has become a testing ground for new tech due to favorable business laws and a forward-looking mindset.
Cryptocurrency is the most widely known technology in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), followed by 3D printing, AI, and self-driving cars. UAE residents are least familiar with the decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) and implantable brain-machine interfaces.
3D printing, artificial intelligence (AI), self-driving cars, and virtual reality are most commonly associated with a positive impact on society. Lab-grown meat and NFTs are ranked lowest on the list of industries that should be invested in by residents of Hong Kong.
Source: ITP.Net


On June 21, 2022 the Supreme Court granted certiorari in
Polansky v. Exec. Health Res., 17 F.4th 376 (3d Cir. 2021), allowing the Court to review the Department of Justice’s (“DOJ”) authority to dismiss qui tam suits brought under the False Claims Act (“FCA”), over objections by the relators. The case invites the high Court to decide two key issues: (1) whether the DOJ has the authority to dismiss qui tam suits where it declined to intervene, and (2) what standard of review applies to such requests for dismissal.
The FCA allows the federal government to recover fraudulently-obtained federal funds, plus significant additional monetary damages and penalties. It also allows whistleblowers (or “relators”) to bring claims on behalf of the federal government, where the DOJ then has discretion to either intervene and prosecute the case, or allow the relators to prosecute the cases on their own as
qui tam actions. However, the FCA gives the DOJ the authority to dismiss qui tam actions “notwithstanding the objections” of relators initiating the actions upon a noticed motion. See 31 U.S.C. § 3730(c)(2)(A). These types of dismissals of qui tam suits have become increasingly popular in recent years, with the DOJ outlining seven standards for seeking dismissals in a 2018 memorandum by Michael D. Granston. These factors include: (1) curbing meritless qui tam actions, (2) preventing parasitic or opportunistic qui tam actions, (3) preventing interference with agency policies and programs, (4) controlling litigation brought on behalf of the government, (5) safeguarding classified information and national security interests, (6) preserving government resources, and (7) addressing egregious procedural errors.
In
Polansky, the relator filed his FCA claim in 2012 accusing defendants of overbilling Medicare by falsely certifying inpatient services as medically necessary. The government declined to intervene, but after seven years of costly litigation borne by the relator and the defendants, the DOJ moved to dismiss the entire case under § 3730(c)(2)(A), which the district court granted. On appeal, the Third Circuit found that the DOJ had the authority to dismiss qui tam suits over the objection of the relator, so long as it intervened before moving to dismiss, which it could do at any point in the litigation. The Third Circuit also rejected the standards of review applied by other Circuits to permit DOJ dismissal – discussed further below – instead applying the standard of review for voluntary dismissals under the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, Rule 41, which gives the district court a “broad grant of discretion” to review the request for dismissal.
The Supreme Court’s decision not only will address DOJ’s authority to dismiss a
qui tam suit where it has failed to intervene, but also will bring timely resolution to sharp disagreements among Circuit Courts regarding the appropriate standard of review for dismissals under FCA § 3730(c)(2)(A). These standards have ranged from the D.C. Circuit’s granting DOJ “unfettered” discretion to dismiss qui tam cases, to the Ninth Circuit requiring the DOJ to demonstrate a rational relation between the dismissal and a valid governmental purpose. In fact, Polansky argued in his petition for certiorari that Circuit Courts had articulated at least five potential standards of review.
If the Supreme Court affirms the DOJ’s authority to dismiss
qui tam suits over the objections of relators, defendants will be more likely to actively pursue that option throughout the course of the qui tam litigation even well after DOJ has initially declined intervention as a way out of FCA claims. It also could have a chilling effect on relators considering pursuit of qui tam suits when their time and resources could be wasted by a dismissal by DOJ well after its initial declination to intervene. However, Senator Chuck Grassley has expressed strong distaste for the DOJ’s use of its dismissal authority and has sponsored a bill requiring the DOJ to provide sufficient reasoning when seeking dismissals. The Supreme Court’s decision may inspire a further response from Congress.
*Arushi Pandya is a law clerk in the firm’s Washington, D.C. office.


Two years ago, the word "gay" – with all its ambiguous cultural freight – entered the lives of my twin daughters. On a fall day in Grade 1, they asked offhandedly, "What's gay?"
Elizabeth must have recognized my surprise because she added by way of explanation, "Connor was talking about it." Connor was a classmate who had older siblings and was, clearly, in a different league of worldliness.
I hesitated. How could I respond in a way that a 6-year-old could understand?
"Well," I ventured, "when you're a man and you want to spend most of your time or life with another man, you could be gay. Or if you're a woman and you're more interested in living with a woman than a man, you might be gay."
"Can two girls or two boys get married?" the other twin, Jane, asked.
Canada had recently passed legislation legalizing gay marriage, so I answered, "In this country, yes."
Elizabeth piped up: "When I grow up I'm going to be gay; I'm gay."
"I'm not," Jane said. "I don't want to be gay."
Okay then, I thought, I'll have one of each. Just give me grandchildren.
"Gay" came up again a few months later, when the girls were playing dolls with a friend in our kitchen.
"When Taryn grows up," the friend said, "she's going to marry a girl, so she never has to kiss a boy." The twins nodded approvingly.
It wasn't until the end of Grade 2 that their neutrality toward all things gay and lesbian started to erode. I had just answered their pointed questions about where babies came from when Elizabeth announced she no longer wanted to be gay.
As she explained, she did not want to have "to borrow a seed" from a sperm bank (a solution my husband had helpfully proposed). Jane asserted that being gay wasn't the best option because it wasn't "the tradition," at least not in our family.
I quizzed them on their attitudes, wondering if they had heard negative talk at school.
"Well," Elizabeth said, accusingly, "we don't know anyone who's gay."
I pointed out there was a lesbian couple living a few houses away on our street. The girls were surprised; my husband had taken them trick-or-treating to that house.
Jane looked thoughtful. "Maybe it would be nice to be a lesbian because you could have lots of teas on the veranda with your wife," she said.
Then she launched into a make-believe dialogue, playing both parts in a bad English accent: "Ella come and have tea with me on the veranda." "In a minute, dear." "Okay dear...."
"Is that how you think lesbians live?" I asked, laughing.
"Yes."
Jane's view of lesbianism seemed to persist. In the middle of Grade 3 she said her friend Jessica had taken to telling her almost daily that she loved her.
"But," Jane explained, "Jessica always adds, `as a friend,' because otherwise she says we'd be gay."
"What do you say?" I asked.
"Nothing. Except once when she said, `or we'd be gay,' and I said, `Well, we could be,' and Jessica said `eeww,' and ran away."
I considered telling Jane that I was proud of her for uttering that little phrase – "well, we could be" – but I let it go. It seemed I'd said enough.
Except it's never enough. Time and again, I'm jostled out my doze of complacency – by a conversation, a word – into an awareness that as parents we can never do enough to inculcate acceptance of difference in all its incarnations.
A month ago, the girls – who are now 8 – asked about another culturally freighted word, "queer." A socially savvy friend had informed them there was another meaning besides "odd" or "strange" – but she wouldn't tell them what it was.
I launched into a complicated, politically correct explanation of how some people use "queer" as a not-so-nice way to say "gay" but that some gays and lesbians had "taken back" the word and now used it to refer to themselves, which is okay because....
Two pairs of 8-year-old eyes glazed over. I left it at that.
Then, just last week, the girls rushed in after school, bubbling with excitement. "Mom," Elizabeth said, "Lauren finally told us what the other meaning of `queer' is and it's not what you said at all."
"What is it then?"
"She said it means stupid."
We can never do enough indeed.


Over the last decade, healthcare CIOs focused largely on EHR implementation. Now, according to KLAS research, attention has shifted to the ERP with 69% of hospitals considering ERP or moving to the cloud. This session looks at the top two technologies for improving productivity, efficiency, and facilitating compliance and how to leverage an integrated solution for true transformation. Attendees will leave with an understanding of the state of the industry, key trends, and market-leading solutions; the possibilities with an integrative approach to implementation, and the role of the new HIMSS Analytics supply chain model in creating a strategic pathway to track processes and products used in care. The session will conclude with leading practices for driving innovation and meaningful change.
Change requires people to do something differently, making human resources a crucial partner in successfully guiding their organization through transformation. Adopting new behaviors and habits does not happen on its own. HR is where people go when they have concerns...Read More


This contribution presents a journey into how I established a connection with research participants and improved access to the right persons who can provide the required information in the field. By critically reflecting on the experience of accessibility to potential interviewees in the journey, I discuss the opportunities and challenges for a researcher in collecting narrative data from key informants through a bottom-up snowball sampling method,
writes Kon Kim
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Seoul once experienced rapid economic growth and urban development under a strong interventionist state. The recent economic slowdown and political changes have pressured the city to find alternatives to the previous state-led or market-driven urban development. New forms of participatory governance have been devised to mobilise citizen participation in decision-making. Citizen participation, however, is not simply about direct interactions between the state and citizens. It is also facilitated by ‘intermediary organisations’ that are state- or self-funded bodies working between the state and citizens. Against this backdrop, my doctoral research sought to examine the governance arrangements and network structures of community participation that have evolved through the intervention of intermediary organisations in Seoul. To this end, I endeavoured to ‘narratively’ explore how intermediary intervention has enabled participants to interact with each other and affected their power relationships and social networks in the field. Particular attention was paid to collecting ‘subjective reality’ derived from the experiences, memories, and knowledge of the participants in everyday life as well as objective reality in the physical world (Berger and Luckmann, 1966; O’Connell, 2000).
The key data collection method was in-depth interviewing, which aimed to gather rich local narratives from those involved in intermediary-led community participation in publicly-funded urban regeneration projects in deprived areas of Seoul. The in-depth interviews were planned in semi-structured or unstructured format with an open-ended list of questions (Galletta, 2013), so that I could improvise specific questions and elicit extended answers from interviewees. The semi-structured format was for those from the (semi-)public sector, such as municipal officials, or those from the intermediary sector, such as community workers, while the unstructured format was mainly applied to those from the community sector, such as local residents. This is because of the assumption that such interview formats can motivate interviewees to give more authentic answers while encouraging them to freely express their opinions or thoughts in the free-flowing conversation, which can lead to some meaningful findings.
From Random to Snowball Sampling
At the outset, I began to randomly select potential candidates for in-depth interviews from the list of people involved in the urban regeneration projects. However, it was difficult to gain direct access to the potential interviewees through the random sampling process. During pilot fieldwork, even intermediary organisations in the case study areas were found to be reluctant or declined to participate in official interviews, although the purpose of my research was fully explained to them. Moreover, it was also hard to access the community sector in the case study areas. Neither the public sector nor the intermediary sector was willing to introduce local residents who participated in the regeneration projects. This is probably because they were commissioned by government and defensive towards official interviews about publicly-funded cases with a non-governmental actor, such as me. To get alternative access, therefore, I decided to utilise ‘snowball sampling’ (Gray, 2004), which refers to a non-probability sampling strategy through which the first group of participants helped me to recruit the next cohort of participants among their acquaintances.
To be concrete, I participated as an auditor (a listener) in the two-month training sessions for community organisers designed by Seoul Metropolitan Government. This helped me to build rapport and trust with the trainees who were working as community workers in different regeneration project areas across Seoul. Then, I tried to participate in community-relevant events and workshops led by those whom I had met in the training sessions. I used this new personal network to increase opportunities for indirect access to actual community workers and local residents in my case study areas. Besides, the new network enabled easier access to a wider range of candidates for interview. It included those involved in similar urban practices in different areas, such as community activists, social entrepreneurs, charity leaders, and local officers. Although they were not directly relevant to my case studies, those interviews were nonetheless insightful, enabling me to gain a fuller perspective on intermediary-led community participation while avoiding potential selective bias. Eventually, through the snowball sampling process, 43 interviews in total were carried out during the main fieldwork from October 2018 to January 2019.
However, despite the effort of snowball sampling, I ended up failing to undertake interviews with two main groups of actors from the intermediary sector: 1) directors in urban regeneration support centres who supervised community workers; and 2) leaders in professional firms who hired community workers. This was probably because these actors were sensitive to contractual relationships with the public sector in which they were supposed to deliver the publicly-funded projects on time. The directors, who were directly appointed by the government, were local universities’ professors with limited experience in fields related to community work. They were reluctant to grant official interviews, even on condition of anonymity. Instead, the directors suggested that I interview experienced community workers with whom they worked in their urban regeneration centres.
On the other hand, most of the professional firms involved in the urban regeneration project were architectural or engineering companies that specialised in master plans or design guidelines for (re)development. Despite being selected through an open bidding process by the government, the professional firms often had little or no experience in community work. For them, the regeneration project was the first substantive project where they actively engaged in delivering community participation and community development. The leaders in the professional firms were thus unwilling to give official interviews. Instead, they recommended alternative interviews with practiced community workers whom they hired temporarily during the regeneration projects. This caused the limited analysis and interpretation of the elite intermediary actors’ perspectives in the process of intermediary-led community participation in regeneration. While recognising such limitation as a ‘legacy of the interventionist state’ in the new urban regeneration governance in Seoul (Kim et al., 2021), I endeavoured to make extra effort to better understand the silent intermediary actors, albeit indirectly, from a series of interviews with a variety of community workers and local residents who stay relatively far away from a contractual relationship with the government.
Concluding Thoughts
As qualitative researchers, we go to the field to capture ‘subjective reality’ about our subjects – people, place, society, and so forth. My PhD fieldwork experience was one example of the many challenges experienced by researchers who seek to critically explore the real narratives of people associated with their research subjects by conducting a series of in-depth interviews with these people. This short post has highlighted the significance of building rapport and trust with a wide range of local people in the field through direct engagement in their activities or events, in order to improve access to ‘right persons’ who can provide the researcher with rich narrative data for the research. In my PhD field work, snowball sampling enabled me to improvise a series of meaningful interview sessions while immersing myself in a broader network of stakeholders at the local level. At the same time, however, it also revealed that the bottom-up snowball sampling often prevents the researcher from reflecting on the viewpoints of elite intermediary actors as they tend to be reluctant to accept an interview request through such snowball sampling process due to the persistent legacies of the interventionist state. This suggests that the snowball sampling approach has inherent limitations in collecting authentic data from the appointed professionals or technocrats who act as key players between the state and citizens in Korea and, by extension, in other East Asian countries with similar interventionist legacies in recent participatory urban processes.
References
Berger, P.L. and Luckmann, T., 1966.
The social construction of reality [Online]. New York: Anchor Books. Available from: http://perflensburg.se/Berger social-construction-ofreality.%0Dpdf.
Galletta, A., 2013.
Mastering the semi-structured interview and beyond : From research design to analysis and publication [Online]. New York: New York University Press. Available from: https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt9qgh5x.
Gray, D.E., 2004.
Doing research in the real world. London: Sage.
Kim, K., Križnik, B. and Kamvasinou, K., 2021. Between the state and citizens: Changing governance of intermediary organisations for inclusive and sustainable urban regeneration in Seoul.
Land Use Policy [Online], 105. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2021.105433.
O’Connell, M., 2000. Subjective reality, objective reality, modes of relatedness, and therapeutic action.
The Psychoanalytic Quarterly [Online], 69(4), pp.677–710. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2167-4086.2000.tb00581.x.
______________________________________________
About the research
This contribution presents a journey into how a researcher has established a connection with research participants and improved access to the right persons who can provide the required information in the field. By critically reflecting on the experience of accessibility to potential interviewees in the journey, the researcher, Kon Kim, discusses the opportunities and challenges in collecting narrative data from key informants through a bottom-up snowball sampling method.
For citation: Kim, K. (2021) Gaining Access to People between the State and Citizens in the Field. Field Research Methods Lab at LSE (30 June) Blog entry. URL: https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/fieldresearch/2021/06/30/gaining-access-to-people-between-the-state-and-citizens-in-the-field
*The cover image is by and copyright of the Author.


Disclaimer: The findings of the following analysis aim to analyze the prevalent trend in the Litecoin market and its subsequent impact
Despite little fluctuation in the price of Bitcoin, the world’s largest cryptocurrency, the overall state of the cryptocurrency market remains dull. The new eighth-largest coin in the market, Litecoin [LTC], also referred to as the silver to Bitcoin’s gold, was noting a series of similar sideways movements on its own charts, at the time of writing.
Since June, the price of Litecoin has suffered a loss of nearly 11%, falling from $48.96 to $43.44. Due to its consolidating price, LTC is also one of the few crypto-assets that has failed to recover from the losses accrued from the Black Thursday event in March. At press time, Litecoin was being traded at $48.96, with LTC trading within a bearish formation on the charts.
Ever since the price of LTC collapsed in March, the coin has tried to recover its lost value. However, since mid-May, Litecoin’s price has continued to move sideways. With minor spurts and dips in price, the crypto’s price gave way to the descending triangle pattern. The horizontal trend line connected a series of lows at $40.74, while a sloping trend line joined the series of lower highs.
This formation has been prevalent since April, with the same extending till June. As the descending triangle traditionally notes the breakdown of price, the LTC market may also register the value of the asset plunging.
According to the Fib retracement tool that marked the support and resistance for the coin, a breakdown could result in the value collapsing to $39.81, where the support has been noted. The coin may not see the value sink under this point as it has been acting as a strong support point previously as well. With LTC’s press time value hovering at around $44.21, strong resistance was noted at $45.96. Further, as per the Relative Strength Index, the crypto-asset has been in equilibrium, with buying and selling pressures evening each other out.
Hence, at the time of writing, it was important for LTC to hold on to $39.81, if it breaks down from the descending triangle pattern. If that happens, according to previous trends, the coin may begin recovery within a day of touching this price point.
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A Note From Esusu’s Co-Founders Esusu raised a $10 million Series A funding round, led by Motley Fool Ventures with Investment from Serena Williams’ Serena Ventures
We’re thrilled to announce that we’ve raised $10 million in our Series A round. This milestone would not be possible without the boundless support of our new investors Motley Fool Ventures, Serena Williams’ Serena Ventures, The Equity Alliance, Predictive VC, and notable angel investors. We are grateful for our previous investors Concrete Rose Capital, Global Impact Fund, Impact America Fund, Next Play Ventures, and Zeal Capital Partners for re-investing with us again to advance our mission of dismantling barriers to housing for working families.
With our first blog post, we are excited to share this major growth milestone, how far we’ve come as a company, and where we are going.
What we’ve built at Esusu?
We started Esusu on the premise that no matter where you come from, the color of your skin, or your financial identity, it shouldn’t determine where you end up in life. We were credit invisible when our families immigrated to the United States. As a result, we understand how difficult it is to build financial resiliency, access homeownership, and obtain wealth without a credit score. Today there are over 45 million Americans that are credit invisible and over 70 million with thin credit profiles.
We recognized that for renters, rent is the single largest monthly expense often encompassing 30% to 50% of a household’s income. Historically rent did not count towards credit building. At Esusu, we challenged that premise and built a platform to make rent payments count towards credit to help working families build financial resilience.
Our rent reporting platform captures rental payment data and reports it to the major credit bureaus to boost credit scores, empower residents and improve property performance for landlords. Simultaneously, we help property owners increase revenue, lower evictions, and fill vacancies.
Why raise additional capital?
The pandemic, the racial reckoning, and the broader economic crisis of 2020 urgently reminded us why we needed to scale our platform to help more residents build financial resilience through credit and access to quality financial products.
At the onset of COVID-19, our data told us it would create a housing crisis that would put millions of renters at risk of eviction. Unfortunately, we were right. COVID-19 caused a spike in unemployment, a rise in evictions, increasing healthcare costs, and a decline in financial stability for millions of Americans. In sum, this crisis amplified the critical nature of our mission to keep families in their homes.
To respond to this eviction crisis, we introduced zero-interest housing stability loans to renters facing eviction. This new offer keeps residents in their homes while they get back on their feet and empowered renters with opportunities to build and establish credit.
During these dire times, Esusu saw a massive surge in property owners and renters leveraging our services as we grew to 2 million households across all 51 states. In order to scale effectively, we needed to invest in our team, our platform, and our partnerships to achieve this goal. This led us to open up our Series A round of financing earlier this year and we could not be prouder of the incredible partners we’ve found to join our mission.
What’s next?
Esusu is experiencing monumental growth and traction thanks to the unwavering support of our team, partners, customers, and investors. This Series A investment marks a critical opportunity for us to lean into deeper development of the following areas.
Team Growth
As we prepare for our largest growth phase, we are hiring across many departments, including Engineering, Data Science, Product, Operations, Marketing, Human Resources, Account Management, and Sales.
We are always looking for justice capitalists who embody our mission, vision, and values to join the Esusu Team. If you are interested in joining the team, please see the available positions to apply and reach out to us directly at careers@esusu.org.
Product Delivery
Our top priority remains to build high-quality products that drive resident financial stability thereby improving outcomes for asset managers, property managers, renters, and society at large. We are excited to invest in new technologies, processes, and talent to enhance our platform for our users and partners.
Scaling Impact
Today, Esusu is available in 2 million homes representing over $2.4 billion in Gross Lease Value nationwide. We are the largest rent reporting provider in the U.S. working with 30% of the largest landlords on the National Multi-Housing Council list. With so many families facing eviction and renters hoping to make their rent payments count towards their credit, we urgently need to scale our impact. We look forward to continuing our mission, advocating for financial access, and investing in deeper strategic partnerships and relationships with our customers.
As we reflect on this next chapter in this journey, it is important to express our deepest gratitude to the Esusu Team, investors, partners, customers, and countless others who have made this all possible. We thank each and every one of you from the bottom of our hearts.
As ever, we remain unshakable in our commitment to keeping families in their homes and unleashing the power of data to bridge the racial wealth gap.
Onward!
Wemimo Abbey and Samir Goel, Co-founders & Co-CEOs


Arrows in a Quiver provides an overview of Indigenous-settler relations, including how land is central to Indigenous identity and how the Canadian state systematically marginalizes Indigenous people. Illustrating the various “arrows in a quiver” that Indigenous people use to fight back, such as grassroots organizing, political engagement, and the courts, Frideres situates “settler colonialism” historically and explains why decolonization requires a fundamental transformation of long-standing government policy for reconciliation to occur. The historical, political, and social context provided by this text offers greater understanding and theorizes what the effective devolution of government power might look like.
This resource guide was created to provide a general introduction to justice issues for people who work with Indigenous clients in the justice system (police services, court services, victim services, correctional and probation services, etc.). It provides an overview into Canada's history, Indigenous-Crown relations, reasons for Indigenous overrepresentation, as well as insights into traditional Indigenous views on justice and healing and ceremonial practices that can be integrated into justice programs.
Canada's Indigenous Constitution reflects on the nature and sources of law in Canada, beginning with the conviction that the Canadian legal system has helped to engender the high level of wealth and security enjoyed by people across the country. However, longstanding disputes about the origins, legitimacy, and applicability of certain aspects of the legal system have led John Borrows to argue that Canada's constitution is incomplete without a broader acceptance of Indigenous legal traditions. John Borrows explores legal traditions, the role of governments and courts, and the prospect of a multi-juridical legal culture, all with a view to understanding and improving legal processes in Canada. He discusses the place of individuals, families, and communities in recovering and extending the role of Indigenous law within both Indigenous communities and Canadian society more broadly.
Also in print: HV6535.C22 S277 2019 LAW.In Canadian Justice, Indigenous Injustice Kent Roach critically reconstructs the Gerald Stanley/Colten Boushie case to examine how it may be a miscarriage of justice. Roach provides historical, legal, political, and sociological background to the case.
For centuries, Canadian sovereignty has existed uneasily alongside forms of Indigenous legal and political authority. Canadian Law and Indigenous Self-Determination demonstrates how, over the last few decades, Canadian law has attempted to remove Indigenous sovereignty from the Canadian legal and social landscape. Adopting a naturalist analysis, Gordon Christie responds to questions about how to theorize this legal phenomenon, and how the study of law should accommodate the presence of diverse perspectives.
Drummond explores a series of philosophic, ethnographic, and legal dilemmas produced by the interaction between legal cultures, setting up a dialogue between narrative and theory by interspersing accounts of her field experiences in Inuit communities with analytical chapters. Also in print: KEQ1060 .D78 1997 LAW.
In 31 essays, Chelsea explores the Indigenous experience from the time of contact to the present, through five categories - Terminology of Relationships; Culture and Identity; Myth-Busting; State Violence; and Land, Learning, Law, and Treaties. She answers the questions that many people have on these topics to spark further conversations at home, in the classroom, and in the larger community.
This bilingual book is the result of work carried out by the “State and Indigenous legal cultures: a law in search of legitimacy” directed by the Canada Research Chair in Legal Diversity and Indigenous Peoples. The objective of this partnership is to compare and evaluate practices for managing the interactions between indigenous (or customary) legal systems and state systems. The texts focus on the State's encounter with indigenous or customary legal worlds in Africa, Canada, Europe and the South Pacific.
Indigenous Ethics examines the revitalization of Indigenous peoples' relationship to their own laws and, in so doing, attempts to enrich Canadian constitutional law more generally. Organized around the seven Anishinaabe grandmother and grandfather teachings of love, truth, bravery, humility, wisdom, honesty, and respect, this book explores ethics in relation to Aboriginal issues including title, treaties, legal education, and residential schools.
The authors look closely at hundreds of agreements from across Canada and at four case studies drawn from Ontario, Quebec, and Yukon Territory to explore relationships between Indigenous and local governments.
This text offers an analysis of the laws determining indigenous land ownership in eastern Canada. Focusing on the Innu of Quebec and Labrador, this book traces the myriad ways the Canadian state has evaded the 1763 Royal Proclamation that guaranteed First Nations people a right to their land and way of life.
In Algonquian folklore, the wetiko is a cannibal monster or spirit that possesses a person, rendering them monstrous. In The Wetiko Legal Principles, Hadley Friedland explores how the concept of a wetiko can be used to address the unspeakable happenings that endanger the lives of many Indigenous children.
Covering such critical topics as economic justice and self-determination, and the barriers faced in pursuing each, Wise Practices sets out to understand the issues not in terms of sweeping empirical findings but rather the particular experiences of individuals and communities. The choice to focus on specific practices of law and governance is a conscious rejection of idealized theorizing about law and governance and represents an important step in the existing scholarship. The volume offers readers a broad scope of perspectives, incorporating contemporary thought on Indigenous law and legal orders, the impact of state law on Indigenous peoples, theories and practices of economic development, and grounded practices of governances.


Despite recent rainfall, severe drought conditions persist across Twin Cities metro area
The latest data from the United States Drought Monitor shows severe drought conditions continue in multiple counties spanning the Twin Cities metro area.
According to Thursday’s report, the percentage of land still in severe drought is unchanged from last week at 2.3%.
However, the amount of land considered to be in a moderate drought decreased by more than 2%, from 12.52% to 10.02%, and abnormally dry conditions decreased from 27.19% to 20.98%. Meanwhile, the percentage of Minnesota not experiencing any kind of dryness is approaching 80%, at 79.02%.
Thursday’s data comes after parts of Minnesota experienced many inches of rainfall last week. In Cambridge, city officials said about 4 inches of rain fell within one to two hours, causing flash flooding in the area. The National Weather Service reported nearly 5 inches fell in Cosmos, while Grasston, East Bethel, Isanti and Maple Grove all received more than 3 inches.
CLICK HERE for a full list of estimated precipitation reports from that storm.
Currently, Washington, Ramsey, Hennepin, Dakota, Carver, Scott, Rice, Le Sueur, Sibley, Nicollet, Renville and Brown counties all have severe drought conditions.
In Wisconsin, data shows a similar story, with severe drought percentages unchanged from last week at 2.52%, and Dunn, St. Croix, Polk and Pierce counties experiencing those conditions.
Areas reporting moderate drought conditions dropped from 13% to 12.61%, while abnormally dry conditions decreased across the state from 36.86% to 27.56%.


A man was killed during an attempted robbery at a cryptocurrency mining data center in Abkhazia, a partially recognized separatist state that is seen as part of Georgia by most nations.
According to police, one of the men running the illegal facility accidentally shot one of his own friends during the incident.
One of the data center's operators, Renat Temurovich Pachalia, allegedly used an illegal Kalashnikov assault rifle, while his friends used Kalashnikovs and Makarov pistols, to defend the facility from at least five people, police state.
At some point during the firefight, Pachalia accidentally shot his friend, Ardzinba A.B.
Cryptocurrency mining has boomed in Abkhazia due to its unique political situation. The Abkhaz–Georgian conflict is long and bloody, with Abkhazia seeking full independence and Georgia offering significant autonomy.
The conflict spiraled into an all-out war in 1994, as well as the ethnic cleansing of Georgians in the region. Efforts to repair relations were dashed during the 2008 Russian invasion of another disputed Georgian territory, South Ossetia. The five-day war had a lasting impact, with Russia and its allies officially recognizing both Abkhazia and South Ossetia as independent states, and stationing military bases in the regions.
Russia has since offered military protection and infrastructure funding to Abkhazia.
That brings us to power. The Enguri hydroelectric power station, the world's second-highest concrete arch dam, spans both Georgia and Abkhazia, meaning the crucial power plant can only function if the two sides cooperate.
This has led to an uneasy truce on matters involving the dam, with a 1997 agreement meaning that Georgia gets 60 percent of the energy generated by the 1,320MW power station and Abkhazia gets the remaining 40 percent.
Critically, Abkhazia essentially gets that energy for free (they just pay for distribution, not generation), leading to consumer prices of just $0.005 per kilowatt-hour in Abkhazia, compared to Georgia's $0.08 per kWh.
This has made it perfect for Bitcoin and other cryptocurrency mining operations - which, other than initial hardware costs, profit from the margin between electricity costs and the value of imaginary coins.
But a Bitcoin boom risks upsetting the uneasy power balance between the two regions. Georgian politicians claim that since 2018 power consumption in Abkhazia has grown significantly, with the region consuming 60-70 percent of the power plant, more than what was agreed.
Even with the region taking a greater share of the dam's power, it did not quench the thirst of cryptomining facilities. Abkhazia turned to Russia - which supplies additional power at a subsidized cost. However, the Georgian government is thought to have foot the bill because allowing Abkhazia to pay for it would mean acknowledging it as an independent state.
Adding to the crisis is the fact that the Soviet-era plant needs repairs - funded by the Georgian government, with help from the European Bank.
The plant was shut down in early 2021 for several months, returning in limited form this April. During this time, all of the region's power came from Russia.
Works are still ongoing at least until the end of the year, but the end result is expected to be a plant with 10-15 percent more capacity.
How long this will last is unclear, however, due to an even greater threat: Climate change. Discharges and sediment content data is not routinely tracked, and hydro-meteorological data is limited.
"This presents a significant economic risk as it is expected that in the medium term Georgia will experience increased variability of hydrological patterns, whereas in a more remote future, more profound climate changes may materialize," the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development warned.
Anecdotally, locals complain of less snow melt, and signs that the water supplying the dam is being disrupted by a changing climate.
Throughout this turmoil and a booming crypto industry, the local Abkhazia government has imposed rolling blackouts and tried to ban cryptocurrency mining - recently extending the ban to May 2022.
But the efforts to clamp down on mining appear limited, with no electricity metering and a small police force. Unemployment is estimated at between 40-70 percent, with cryptocurrency mining a rare opportunity for wealth - at least for those that can afford the initial set up fees.
At the same time, cryptocurrency values have once again soared, after crashing earlier this year. Bitcoin is currently worth around $60,900.


The system of owning land has largely been in favour of men. Often times, women are dispossessed of their land after the death of their husbands, exposing them to further suffering, and the risk of infection or re-infection with HIV. Those already under treatment are left in a situation where they cannot afford treatment or good nutrition leading to deterioration of their health, while their […]Read more
INERELA+ Kenya has established strengths to address sexual and reproductive health issues using the safe spaces model. Over time, INERELA+ Kenya has engaged key religious leaders to evaluate and develop theologically sound comprehensive sexuality education as well as life skills manuals for use within faith based institutions as well as faith communities. The involvement of INERELA+ Kenya in SRH programming has made impact, not just […]Read more
Over the years, INERELA+ Kenya has mobilized, empowered and transformed religious leaders, congregations and communities through faith sector platforms by integrating advocacy issues including sexual and gender based violence, gender justice, meaningful male engagement, paediatric HIV and TB treatment and mobilization for sustainable livelihoods through economic empowerment programs and agribusiness geared towards reduction of vulnerability to HIV. This empowerment has translated to stigma reduction and […]Read more
INERELA+ KENYA has made significant contributions to enhancing the gender discourse locally, nationally and at the global level. Through its network, it has engaged in activities aimed at addressing Sexual and Gender Based Violence in faith communities, and especially among the leaders. Through support from partners, INERELA+ Kenya conducted and published a Gender Audit, that sought to identify factors fueling SGBV as well as gave […]Read more
Over the course of her work, INERELA+ Kenya has documented and published several works both in text as well as via videos to showcase the works done for posterity. Some of the works include; Beyond Stigma I&II, SAVE Booklet, Facts Sheets on various issues, Gender Audit, Faith Sector Messaging (collaborative effort through Faith Sector Working Group)Read more
INERELA+ Kenya works through congregational responses platform to enhance the response of faith communities to include care and support programs, advocacy and health governance. This model has been enhanced using the Framework for Dialogue platform which has seen religious leaders engage with people living with HIV meaningfully to establish sustainable and long-term partnerships, encompassing both collaboration and dialogue among networks of people living with HIV, […]Read more
INERELA+ Kenya has been engaged in advocacy in the following areas; Unfavorable government policies towards HIV, Maternal, Newborn and Child Health (MNCH) and and nutrition can lead to increased rate of infections, high child mortality and morbidity, and increase in stigma. Advocacy for elimination of pediatric HIV & TB Since 2015, INERELA+ Kenya has been engaged in advocacy to address pediatric HIV and TB issues […]Read more


New legislation in Maryland has been stirring up controversy and much debate among lawmakers and the legal community. The bill seeks to create assured medical funds for infants born with injuries due to birth. If passed, the bill will entitle victims or loved ones on their behalf to use the funds for medical care. However, if a person agrees to utilize this fund, the right to file a medical malpractice lawsuit is forfeited.
The bill, sponsored by the Maryland State Senator, seeks to establish a fund for parents to regain wages lost providing care for their injured babies and to pay for that infant's medical expenses. The state's largest hospitals support the legislation because it is perceived as a means to decrease medical malpractice insurance expenses paid by medical facilities and health practitioners. This legislation came after previous court decisions awarded birth injury victims damages amounting to between $28 million and $55 million.
Trial lawyers oppose the legislation because it limits the damage amounts victims can receive. A birth injury-which can occur before, during or after a baby's delivery-is a life-changing situation. Expenses are also a lifetime commitment. Money received from the fund may not be enough to address the medical issues of that child for life. Lawsuits typically take these issues into consideration. Law professionals are also concerned that the bill will not hold a doctor responsible for his or her medical error.
New York, Florida and Virginia have similar birth injury funds. However, Virginia recently experienced funding issues. If the same occurs in Maryland, help for victims could be compromised.
As the bill remains in limbo, Laurel, Maryland, birth injury victims can opt for the most successful way to hold negligent medical practitioners and hospitals liable-a lawsuit. A legal professional can help determine the appropriate amount to meet a victim's lifelong needs especially if the injuries suffered are permanent.


Cesar Corzo has accepted an appointment to the Allen D. Leman Chair in Swine Health and Productivity at the University of Minnesota effective Oct. 2. The appointment is considered one of the most prestigious faculty positions in the world involving swine medicine. Corzo was selected following an international search.
Corzo has worked for Pig Improvement Co. since 2012, most recently as the manager of Latin America Health Assurance and Services Team. The focus of his recent work has been on the emergence of Senecavirus A in Colombia, investigating the likelihood of infection of breeding stock during transit, and strategies for monitoring porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae naïve populations of pigs with current serologic tests.
The Leman Chair appointment returns Corzo to the university where he earned his Ph.D. in 2012. He also holds a master’s degree from the University of Guelph, and his DVM from La Salle University in Bogota, Colombia. His career also includes a three-year term with Elanco Animal Health.
In his new role, Corzo intends to focus on current industry challenges including personnel turnover and biosecurity compliance, control of endemic bacteria and optimization of antimicrobial usage. Corzo will play a major role in the Swine Health Monitoring program.
The Leman Chair in Swine Health and Productivity was created in 1995 to honor the career of Allen D. Leman. Those appointed to the chair serve for five years and are expected to significantly influence the swine industry’s adaptation to change. The individual also is expected to act as a catalyst for innovation and change within the University of Minnesota swine faculty.


Reading Room
Queer Social Work: Cases for LGBTQ+ Affirmative Practice Edited by Tyler M. Argüello Columbia University Press
This collection of case studies that model LGBTQ+ affirmative social work practice offers real-life scenarios from a range of social work scholars, educators, and practitioners, representing diverse sexualities, genders, and intersectional identities. Together, they demonstrate contemporary, multilevel, queer-affirming social work practice with LGBTQ+ people and communities.
These 14 case studies follow social workers across the country on their quest for quality service provision for vulnerable populations. Chapters explore issues such as finding trans-affirming care for teens, methamphetamine abuse among elder gay men, previously exploited teens reentering foster care, navigating nonmonogamous relationships, and more. Each chapter offers concrete, comparative case formulation that depicts culturally responsive work with LGBTQ+ people by LGBTQ+ social workers. These diverse vignettes showcase a range of life experiences and explore how factors such as religion, age, and immigration status affect social work practice. The case studies integrate best-practice standards and interventions, social work ethics and competencies, and clinical and critical theories.
is a progressive pedagogical tool that provides a forum for marginalized communities and individuals as well as the committed practitioners who serve them. Queer Social Work
— Source: http://cup.columbia.edu/book/queer-social-work/9780231194013


Conditions & Treatments - Lower Crossed Syndrome
Lower Crossed Syndrome (LCS), also
known as pelvic crossed syndrome, is described as a muscle
imbalance pattern that affects the lower kinetic chain which
includes the lumbopelvic hip complex, knee, and ankle (1, 2).
This syndrome can be found in individuals who sit for prolonged
periods, continuously perform tasks for extending periods of
time utilizing poor posture, or have been immobilized (1). It
can also be found in individuals who perform repetitive actions
such as running or jumping (1).
When treating patients with LCS the shortened muscles must be
restored before embarking on training of the weakened muscles.
This is based on Sherrington's Law of reciprocal inhibition
which states that when one muscle is shortened or tightened its
opposite muscle relaxes (2, 3).
Last revised: May 10, 2011
References


Authors
1
HIV/STI Counseling and Care Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences,
2
Department of Infectious Diseases, NRITLD, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, TEHRAN-IRAN
Abstract
Background: Due to increased prevalence of tuberculosis among HIV-infected patients, INH (Isoniazid) chemoprophylaxis has a major impact on the development of clinical tuberculosis. Materials and Methods: For the evaluation of INH effect on prevention, we used INH, 300 mg daily for 115 available TST (tuberculin skin test) positive HIV-infected patients for twelve months. Results: During three-year follow up, only twelve patients developed tuberculosis which was significantly lower than minimum estimated rate among these patients (>10% per year). Conclusion: We conclude that INH prophylaxis was effective method to prevent clinical tuberculosis among TST positive HIV-infected patients. (Tanaffos 2003; 2(5): 57-61)
Keywords


If your Nissan Rogue keeps telling you that no key is detected, the problem is most likely your key fob. You can try removing the dead key fob from the vehicle and using it as a key to start it.
Once the car starts, the dead key fob will send a signal to the car to let you in. You can also use the emergency keys inside the fob.
If the key fob is not working, the battery may be too low or the transmitter is broken. If the key is not detected, try programming a known good key.
You may also need to update the vehicle’s software or re-programme the fob. If none of these work, you need to take your Nissan to a dealer. You should always check the manual to find out why the Nissan is saying no key detected.
The Nissan Rogue may be showing a key warning light, but this usually isn’t an emergency. The error is caused by the Intelligent Key system.
If the sensor detects a key, it can’t recognize it and won’t let you start the car. However, keyless entry and start will still work. If your car tells you that it can’t recognize a key, you should contact a Nissan dealership immediately.
What do I do if my Nissan says no key detected?
The problem with “No key detected” warning light is usually caused by the key fob, electronic control system, or cell phone interference.
To repair the problem, re-programme the key fob or use a known-good key. The vehicle’s factory service manual should also provide detailed steps to troubleshoot the problem. However, it is best to check with your mechanic before making any changes.
If you’re having problems with your car starting, the most important thing to do is replace the battery.
If the battery is low, it may not be functioning properly.
You should contact the dealership as soon as possible to replace the battery.
The Nissan dealership will help you reprogramme the key fob so that it will work for your car.
Otherwise, you should contact your dealer and have them replace the battery.
The problem can occur if your Nissan key fob has been unprogrammed.
In such cases, the key fob cannot recognize the key. You need to program the new key fob to work with your vehicle. To do so, enter the vehicle, close and lock all doors. Then, insert the key into the keyhole and turn it to the “accessory” position.
Why does my car keep say no key detected?
Having trouble unlocking your car? The reason for this warning message is usually the key fob. The problem may stem from the fob’s battery, or it could be from cell phone interference.
In either case, reprogramming the fob (use a known good one if possible) or updating the software will fix the problem. You may need to contact roadside assistance in your area, or visit the OEM website.
The key is within range of the car, but the car won’t start. Occasionally, the key won’t work.
The first option is to replace the key. If you do have a key, you can try to start the vehicle using the emergency start method.
Simply press the brake pedal and hold the KEYFOB near the Start button.
However, this method doesn’t work for all vehicles. Sometimes, the key fob battery is weak, or the car has the wrong key or a damaged key.
If the car keeps saying no key detected, the battery may be low. If the key is inserted into the ignition, you may need to turn the ignition off and on again before attempting to start the vehicle.
If that doesn’t work, try inserting the key ring into the ignition, or placing the key fob against the emergency key pickup point.
If this doesn’t work, you’ll need to get the car towed to a service center, where they will diagnose the problem and reprogram the key fob.
How do you reset the key on a Nissan Rogue?
If you need to know how to reset the key on a Nissan Rogue, then you’ve come to the right place.
Resetting a car’s key fob is similar to programming a new one. To do this, insert the new key into the ignition, apply pressure to the brake pedal, and push the push-button ignition switch. The hazard lights should flash twice. If the keys don’t work, try a different one.
If you can’t get your Nissan key fob to work, you’ll need to contact your dealership.
They can reprogram your key fob for a small fee. Be sure to take the dead key fob with you, since it won’t work if it’s inside the vehicle.
You can also try resetting the key fob by pushing any button on the remote.
You need to push the power button for about 10 seconds. This should reset your key sensor. After 10 seconds, you can start your vehicle again.
Next, insert the ignition key in the first position. Select ACC mode, and press any key on the key fob. After the hazard lights flash, you’re ready to go. Your Nissan Rogue should now be ready to start.
How do you start a Nissan Rogue with a dead key fob?
The key fob on your Nissan is likely to be dead, which can cause some trouble. You should replace the battery as soon as possible.
You should replace it with a CR2025 battery and place it upside down. Once it is installed, you can put it back together. You should be able to start the car. The key fob should be able to unlock the car.
To start a Nissan with a dead key fob, you need to turn off your vehicle and unlock the doors with the key fob.
If the key fob is connected to the ignition, you can push the START button.
If you’re stuck in the car, you can use the clutch to engage the starter.
To start a car with a dead key, press the START/STOP button and hold the brake pedal.
You can use the Nissan key fob to start the car. If you need to use the vehicle, insert the key fob into the right or left side of the steering wheel.
When the ignition is switched on, you should press the clutch and brake pedals at the same time to turn the car on. If the car won’t start, the key fob battery is dead.


With briefs due next week, we anxiously await the California Supreme Court’s review of the de minimis doctrine. Under the doctrine, employers are not obligated to pay employees for small increments of off-the-clock time spent preparing for or ending a shift, provided such time amounted to approximately 10 minutes or less of work.
While we wait to hear the CA Supreme Court’s take on this, it’s worth noting that even under the FLSA, courts nationwide have had varied results on what constitutes non-compensable time under the de minimis doctrine. Many of the recent cases involve minimal time spent checking e-mails or texts that are work-related. And while courts employ a fact-specific analysis of employment policies and practices, the following factors will weigh against a finding that the time is de minimis:
If the time is a regular and necessary component of the work day or work week; Employer compulsion to complete the tasks at issue; and If the time can be recorded easily for payroll purposes
My colleague Mark Tabakman spoke about this topic today and offered the following advice to employers:
Consider eliminating or limiting access to work-related email and systems for non-exempt workers during non-work hours Develop a comprehensive policy requiring non-exempt employees to record their after-hours time with a clear process for reporting such time Train managers on how and when to communicate with non-exempt staff after hours Pay for after-hours work performed, while utilizing disciplinary measures if the after-hours work was unauthorized
Until we have more consistent application from the courts, this issue continues to be a ticking time bomb for employers.