The economic and social consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic are far reaching and continuously evolving with the second lockdown recently announced. Whilst we are all living in a time of considerable uncertainty, market research professionals have an ongoing, important role to play in partnering clients in offering sound, evidence-based advice.
From a public sector perspective, there is a critical need to understand community perceptions and behaviours to more closely match service provision with the developing needs of the population. Through genuine, open and consistent dialogue, we have found engagement can be very effective and result in actionable insight to take forward. Clients may not need the same information as before the pandemic but there are still important decisions to be made over the coming months, which should be made on evidence not assumption. Using iterative and sensitive research approaches, we have experienced a surge in response rates across methodologies with the majority being receptive to taking part in something that potentially makes a difference. We recently partnered Surrey County Council and Surrey Heartlands Health and Care Partnership in consulting residents to understand the impact of the pandemic to date via a large-scale postal survey with optional online completion. Response far exceeded initial expectations facilitating a thorough exploration of findings. As a research professional, this was the optimal scenario - significant engagement from residents and a robust dataset that allowed us to explore opinion at such a critical time. The sentiment of which was echoed amongst the client team and 60 stakeholders across Surrey via a Microsoft Teams debrief session.
“ Lake’s professional approach to this Covid research project has been a key factor in its success. From the outset, they aimed to work with us to design a survey that was both comprehensive and inclusive, balancing the data requirements of teams in the NHS and local authority. By combining a postal methodology with a ‘push to web’ feature we managed to achieve a high response rate which has allowed us to perform a much deeper analysis than first envisaged. Throughout the project, Lake worked to understand the priorities of the multiple organisations with a stake in this project and ensure that these priorities were reflected in the final outputs. Consequently, the value of this project has far outweighed our original expectations.” Head of Research, Surrey County Council & Surrey Heartlands Health and Care Partnership
Over the coming months, we will continue to partner our clients to understand how their requirements have changed and how we can help. We still have a critical role to play and are proud of our work making a difference to our clients and the communities they represent.


Housing affordability continues to be an issue for many Americans. Nearly 67% of Americans are bunkered down by at least one non-mortgage debt. SmartAsset analyzed data from the 50 largest cities to find where the average American can afford the largest home, along with the smallest. Data compared included median household income in each city, average non-mortgage debt, and median home values. The top three cities where Americans can afford the most home are Detroit, Memphis, and Oklahoma City. For the cities where Americans could afford the least home, New York City, Los Angeles, and San Francisco unsurprisingly took the top three spots.
Key Findings Detroit and Oklahoma City stay affordable; Oakland becomes less affordable. Compared to last year’s analysis, Detroit and Oklahoma City still rank within the top three cities where the average household can afford the most home, with affordability ratios increasing to roughly 192% and 150%, respectively. Meanwhile, of the five cities where the average household can afford the least home, all but one are the same as last year: Long Beach, California moved out of the bottom five, replaced by Oakland, which jumped from sixth-worst in our 2019 study to fourth-worst in this year’s analysis. Some big-city dwellers with debt may struggle to afford a home. In 22 of the 50 cities in our study, households cannot afford the city’s median-valued home while paying off the average non-mortgage debt. In fact, the typical household with debt can only afford less than 50% of the median home value in three cities: New York, Los Angeles and San Francisco.


The Influence of Gene Polymorphisms on Tobacco and Alcohol-Induced Oral Cancer RisK Author(s) Otávio A. Curioni, Marcos B. de Carvalho, Rogério A. Dedivitis, Abrão Rapoport, Gilka J. F. Gattas ABSTRACT This study examined whether genetic polymorphisms of tobacco and alcohol-related metabolic genes such as GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1, CYP1A1, CYP2E1 and DNA repair genes (XRCC1 194Trp, XRCC1 399Gln, andXRCC3 Met) contribute to the risk of developing OSCC. Aims: Methods:Patients eligible for inclusion were over 18 years, had pathologically confirmed OSCC and were followed prospectively for at least two years or until death, from December 2000 to December 2004. Ninety-two OSCC patients were included along with 244 subjects from the same hospital, evaluated in the same period as patients without cancer, as the control group. Results:GSTM1 null and XRCC1-194Trp alone increased the risk of OSCC (OR, 2.15; 95% CI, 1.2 – 3.6 and OR, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.01 – 4.03, respectively). The joint effect of GSTM1 null with CYP1A1 or CYP2E1 polymorphism increased the risk two to threefold. Similar results were observed when XRCC1-194Trp was combined with GSTM1 null or the CYP2E1 polymorphism. By contrast, XRCC1- 399Gln was associated with protection against OSCC. Gene-gene and gene-environmental interactions were mainly detected for CYP1A1 andGSTP1 associated with more than 20 p/y of tobacco and XRCC1-194Trp when more than 30 g/L/d of alcohol was consumed (OR, 8.8; 95% CI; 1.3 – 45.7). Conclusions:The drug metabolizing and DNA repair enzyme polymorphisms may be informative for clinicians in the preventive management of patients at risk, particularly those with strong smoking and drinking habits. Scoliosis is a common condition in adult patients, and often causes chronic back pain compared to non-scoliosis. It has also been identified that bone mineral density is very often compromised in patients with scoliosis, even occurring in adolescence. At this time, no study has looked at how bone mineral density and scoliosis incidence or severity may be connected with specific regard to treatment. This study presents data on the outcomes of a scoliosis-specific exercise therapy and its ability to correct scoliotic curvatures in adult patients alone and in combination with bone mineral density supplementation. Methods: The charts of 14 total patients were retrospectively selected based upon specific inclusion criteria. Outcome assessments included the radiographic Cobb angle of the primary curvature, as well as laboratory measures of urinary deoxypyridinoline cross links. These results were compared against 12 patients who did not take the bone density supplement during or after their exercise-based treatment. Results: Patients taking the bone density supplement achieved the same level of Cobb angle reduction as compared to the control group. However, they additionally achieved a significant reduction in urinary deoxypyridinoline cross links as compared to the control group at 6 months. Conclusion: Patients taking a multi-ingredient bone density supplement daily for 6 months after completing a scoliosis-specific exercise program reported statistically significant improvements in urinary deoxypyridinoline cross links as compared to controls. It is unknown if or how bone density loss may contribute to the onset or progression of scoliosis. Long-term follow-up of these patients will be ongoing to assess bone mineral density status and Cobb angle changes longitudinally. Background:


Learning to Bear the Pain of Others: Biomedical and Theological Considerations of Vicarious Suffering Among Medical Trainees Charles Zimbrick-Rogers, M.D., Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Naval Medical Center Portsmouth and the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
Many who enter a healing profession do so with a goal of alleviating suffering. However, engaging with the suffering of others may cause significant distress for medical trainees, and the phenomenon of secondary traumatization in medical providers is well documented. Spiritual and/or religious medical trainees may draw on the resources of their faith traditions in seeking to grapple with meanings and sources of suffering beyond biomedical etiologies. Minimal attention has been paid to the complex intersections of spirituality and medical training, particularly in regard to vicarious suffering experienced by medical trainees. This paper is a preliminary effort toward developing a theoretical framework for engaging this gap.
This paper is an autoethnographic engagement with my own experiences as a religious person, medical trainee, and now medical educator in dialog with the disparate worlds of biomedicine, anthropology, and theology. First, I explore the ways in which seeing and engaging with the suffering of others can, through a mechanism of secondary traumatization, lead to a reevaluation of the self and deeply held beliefs. Second, I attempt to complicate our understanding of trauma and secondary traumatization through engagement with Didier Fassin’s critique of the moral economy of trauma language and Shelly Rambo’s understanding of trauma as rupture. Third, I place my own experiences engaging with suffering people and medical trainees in conversation with Rambo’s understanding of pneumatological remaining in the face of trauma and Emmanuel Levinas’ understanding of approaching transcendence through the face of the Other. In this way, I propose a lived theology approach for thinking through the complexities of vicarious suffering in medical trainees. It is my hope that such an approach may prove fruitful in enabling medical educators to better support trainees in their own development as holistically healthy and empathetic practitioners.


3 to 4 pages
less than 20% OV SCORE
You have attended a conference on the impact of substance abuse on relationships and families. You have been asked by your boss to develop a training packet for your agency’s in-service department.
Explain the current theories of addiction and how those addictions affect the individual as well as the family (behaviorally, psychologically, physically, and socially).
Many individuals often experience domestic violence from the substance abuser.
Identify the signs and patterns of domestic violence. Identify the treatment, prevention, and recovery resources that are available and the process for securing those resources.


Abstract
Background: A high rate of resistance to 3rd generation cephalosporins among Enterobacteriaceae isolates from Egypt has been previously reported. This study aims to characterize the resistance mechanism (s) to extended spectrum cephalosporins among resistant clinical isolates at a medical institute in Cairo, Egypt. Methods: Nonconsecutive Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kp), Enterobacter cloacae (ENT) and Escherichia coli (EC) isolates were obtained from the clinical laboratory at the medical institute. Antibiotic susceptibility was tested by CLSI disk diffusion and ESBL confirmatory tests. MICs were determined using broth microdilution. Isoelectric focusing (IEF) was used to determine the pI values, inhibitor profiles, and cefotaxime (CTX) hydrolysis by the β-lactamases. PCR and sequencing were performed using bla
CTX-M and ISEcp1-specific primers, with DNA obtained from the clinical isolates. Conjugation experiments were done to determine the mobility of bla CTX-M. Results: All five clinical isolates were resistant to CTX, and were positive for ESBL screening. IEF revealed multiple β-lactamases produced by each isolate, including a β-lactamase with a pI of 8.0 in Kp and ENT and a β-lactamase with a pI of 9.0 in EC. Both β-lactamases were inhibited by clavulanic acid and hydrolyzed CTX. PCR and sequence analysis identified bla CTX-M-14. in Kp and ENT and a bla CTX-M-15 in EC. Both bla CTX-M-14 and bla CTX-M-15 were preceded by ISEcp1 elements as revealed by partial sequence analysis of the upstream region of the bla CTX-M genes. bla CTX-M-15 was transferable but not bla CTX-M-14. Conclusion: This is the first report of CTX-M-14 in Kp and ENT isolates from Egypt, the Middle East and North Africa. All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes Infectious Diseases


Abstract
Urgent development of alternative on-farm killing methods for poultry is required following the number restrictions placed on the use of traditional manual cervical dislocation by European Legislation (EU 1099/2009). Alternatives must be proven to be humane and, crucially, practical in commercial settings with multiple users. We assessed the performance and reliability of a novel mechanical cervical dislocation device (NMCD) compared to the traditional manual cervical dislocation (MCD) method. NMCD was based on a novel device consisting of a thin supportive glove and two moveable metal finger inserts designed to aid the twisting motion of cervical dislocation. We employed a 2 × 2 factorial design, with a total of eight stockworkers from broiler and layer units (four per farm) each killing 70 birds per method. A successful kill performance was defined as immediate absence of rhythmic breathing and nictitating membrane reflex; a detectable gap in the vertebrae and only one kill attempt (i.e., one stretch and twist motion). The mean stockworker kill performance was significantly higher for MCD (98.4 ± 0.5%) compared to NMCD (81.6 ± 1.8%). However, the MCD technique normally used by the stockworkers (based previous in-house training received) affected the performance of NMCD and was confounded by unit type (broilers), with the majority of broiler stockworkers trained in a non-standard technique, making adaption to the NMCD more difficult. The consistency of trauma induced by the killing methods (based on several post-mortem parameters) was higher with NMCD demonstrated by “gold standard” trauma achieved in 30.2% of birds, compared to 11.4% for MCD (e.g., dislocation higher up the cervical region of the spine i.e., between vertebrae C0–C1, ≥1 carotid arteries severed), suggesting it has the potential to improve welfare at killing. However, the results also suggest that the NMCD method requires further refinement and training optimization in order for it to be acceptable as an alternative across poultry industry, irrespective of previous MCD technique and training.
Bibliographical note1024917 Keywords Animal welfare Cervical dislocation Killing Post-mortem Poultry Reflexes Agriculture, Horticulture And Engineering Sciences, Monogastric Science Research - Senior Behaviour and Welfare Scientist/Poultry Site Manager
Person: Academic contract that is both teaching and research


市場調查報告書
全球冷凍食品市場 - 成長，趨勢，及預測:2020年∼2025年 Global Frozen Food Market - Growth, Trend, and Forecast (2020 - 2025) 出版商 Mordor Intelligence LLP 商品編碼 458467 出版日期 內容資訊 英文 124 Pages
商品交期: 2-3個工作天內
價格
全球冷凍食品市場 - 成長，趨勢，及預測:2020年∼2025年 Global Frozen Food Market - Growth, Trend, and Forecast (2020 - 2025) 出版日期: 2020年04月01日 內容資訊: 英文 124 Pages
冷凍食品市場，2018年從2941億9000萬美金，在2019年∼2024年間預測將以4.3％的年複合成長率成長。在2017年中，在歐洲最大地區市場區隔佔了市場約33.8％的佔有率。
本報告提供全球冷凍食品市場的相關調查，市場機會，成長及阻礙因素，各類型、用途、冷凍技術、地區的市場分析，競爭情形，主要企業的簡介等資訊。
※ 本網頁內容可能與最新版本有所差異。詳細情況請與我們聯繫。
The frozen food market was valued at USD 294.19 billion in 2018 and is expected to register a CAGR of 4.3%, during the forecast period (2019-2024). In 2017, Europe was the largest geographical segment of the market studied and accounted for a share of around 33.8% of the market.
The market is primarily driven by rising disposable income, the introduction of longer shelf life products, increasing impulse purchasing, and huge demand for frozen food products, due to the lack of time. The market evolved from selling raw foods, such as frozen meat, fish, vegetables, and fruits to prepared foods and frozen vegetable mixes (with meat, rice, and pasta), frozen desserts, and bakery products. Ice creams and cakes emerged as the leading product category in this market. The factors affecting the market's growth include flavors, including sweetness, fat content, and texture.
Frozen food, in general, is the food that has been subjected to rapid freezing and is kept frozen until used. The frozen food market report (henceforth, referred to as the market studied) offers key insights into the latest developments. It analyzes the recent opportunities, drivers, and challenges affecting the market space for frozen food.
Demand for Nutritious Frozen Desserts among Consumers
Many consumers are increasingly looking for a convenient frozen dessert-based snack, which delivers health benefits, tastes good, and offers a healthy snacking experience. The dairy industry in this sector is able to offer products with minimal processing, and low sugar content (particularly beneficial for diabetic patients) for easy eating experiences that go beyond the traditional three-square meal experience (good and filling meal). Milk-based frozen desserts provide food rich in nutrients, like vitamin D, calcium, potassium, magnesium, and vitamin A. Milk-based snacks also add more calories, protein, and a number of vitamins and minerals. They can, therefore, provide positive nutrition and help reduce nutrition deficiency. The nutrients in dairy-based frozen products include calcium, vitamin D, phosphorus, potassium, and vitamin A. Further, calcium, phosphorus, and protein contained in ice creams, yogurts, etc. drive up the demand for these products among consumers.
Europe to Dominate the Market
Europe is the largest market for frozen food products, globally. Customers attitude toward frozen food has transformed significantly in Europe since the 1990s, driven by an improvement in living standards and an increasing need for convenience. Consumption level for frozen foods remains high across Europe, although the growth was rather limited in certain parts of the region during 2013-2016. This can be attributed to the intense competition the sector faces from chilled prepared foods, which are increasingly being perceived as foods that offer superior taste and quality, compared to their frozen equivalents. Recent evidence suggests that most manufacturers have been successful, as the frozen food market is back on the growth trajectory in countries, such as the United Kingdom, France, and Germany.
The frozen food market is a highly fragmented market and comprises of regional and international competitors. The market is dominated by players, like Unilever, Nestle SA, General Mills, Nomad Foods Ltd, Tyson Foods Inc., and Conagra Brands Inc. The leading players in the frozen food market enjoy a dominant presence worldwide. These players focus to leverage opportunities posed by emerging markets to expand their product portfolio so that they can cater to the requirements for various product segments, especially frozen desserts. Companies compete on different factors, including product offerings, ingredients, quality, taste, flavors, price, functionality, size, packaging, and marketing activities, in order to gain the competitive advantage in the market.


The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) Office of Inspector General (OIG) has increased its focus on healthcare fraud schemes involving telehealth services. The OIG began this increased focus in 2016. These efforts contributed to a massive takedown in September.
In this enforcement effort, the OIG arrested and charged 345 individuals including medical practitioners, pharmacy owners and telemedicine executives. The prosecution has accused these individuals of participating in healthcare fraud schemes that cost the government over $6 billion in losses. The OIG reports more than $4.5 billion of these loses are connected to telehealth services.
What were the allegedly fraudulent telehealth services?
According to the government, those involved in the alleged scheme were using "aggressive marketing" techniques to increase revenue. Examples include the use of telemarketing calls and internet advertisements. The prosecution has accused those running the scheme of paying medical providers to order medical equipment, testing and medications that were not medically necessary.
To make matters even worse, the government has accused these executives of using shell corporations and foreign bank accounts to launder the money - to remove the money from the alleged criminal activity. If evidence is present to support these allegations, in addition to healthcare fraud charges those involved could also face criminal charges for money laundering and, depending on the timing and details of tax reporting, tax crimes.
What can telehealth providers learn from this sting?
Medical professionals who are using telehealth services should see this enforcement operation as a call to action. The current pandemic has led to a sharp increase in the reliance of telehealth services. As such, medical professionals, pharmacists and other healthcare providers who were used to in-person appointments may find themselves navigating new methods to provide healthcare.
Those who are unfamiliar with this type of healthcare, and even those who have used it in the past, are wise to proactively conduct an audit to see if there are any concerns that the group may run afoul of applicable regulations. This audit can help to catch an issue before it becomes a larger problem. A failure to do so could result in a cascading issue that leads to a federal investigation and charges of criminal wrongdoing.


Over the course of the next few years, after meeting this legend and his amazing brother in arms, Bill Clark (both so graciously mentoring me), the work we now do at the American Sleep Apnea Association is a product of their combined influence: innovation and evolution of our Sleep Health Patient Community, now and into the future.
Those with COPD struggle to maintain a healthy balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide in their bloodstream during the day. If they also have OSA, this sleep breathing disorder kicks in as soon as they fall asleep, leading to further stresses to their blood chemistry. While the rest of us rely on that nighttime period of consolidated sleep to maintain health and well being, and to recover from the stresses placed on oursystems by chronic illness, those with Overlap Syndrome never catch a break. This explains the term “overlap syndrome.” It’s a way to reference the never-ending challenges of breathing for those suffering from both COPD and OSA.


My Ex Filed a Petition to Modify Child Support, What Do I Do?
When you are served with a petition to modify an existing child support order, you may panic with fear regarding the loss of the financial support that provides for the needs of your child. However, it is important to understand the statutory requirements of a modification and aid your case by employing a knowledgeable Pensacola Child Support Attorney to ensure your rights are protected.
If you are the recipient, or an obligated party involved in an existing child support order, you may file a supplemental petition to modify this order with a showing of a substantial change in circumstances. However, this substantial change is generally a difficult bar to overcome as the Florida Legislature wishes to protect minor children and requires adequate financial aid be provided to support the child’s necessary living expenses. Therefore, when you are provided with a petition to modify an existing child support order, do not panic. Instead, begin by reviewing the grounds your co-parent noted as the substantial change in circumstances warranting the modification.
In general, substantial changes consist of loss of income, change in custody or visitation, or a significant medical diagnosis. Florida statute provides a presumption of substantial change when the support amount provided for the child, as calculated by the child support guidelines, would increase or decrease by 15% or $50. This support amount can change due to the expenses relating to the child, or the income of the parties having significantly increased or decreased. For instance, if a child has recently been diagnosed with a medical condition resulting in full time care, medical appointments, or educational needs the expenses will inevitably increase which may require more financial support.
Further, the support amount may change due to the increase or decrease of income received by a party. However, courts are reluctant to modify child support if the decrease in income of a party was due to voluntary action. For instance, if your co-parent has voluntarily taken a position with a lesser salary, or engaged in voluntary conduct resulting in their termination, this form of decrease in income will not be accepted by the court. However, if the income decrease was a result of an involuntary act and the parent has actively attempted to obtain subsequent and equal employed with no result, or the parent’s income decrease was a result of a medical disability or diagnosis, the court may modify this obligation.
Finally, Florida Statute provides an avenue for modification of a child support when there has been a deviation in the parenting time exercised by the parties. For example, if the non-custodial parent is exercising 20% or more of the overnights in a year, the child support order should deviate from the child support guidelines in relation to the amount of time the non-custodial parent shares with the child.
Modification procedures can be overwhelming when attempting to retain the financial security for the benefit of your child. To ease your concerns, seek the guidance and counsel of an experienced Pensacola Child Custody Attorney. They will be able to thoroughly explain the modification procedures, negotiate a settlement, or argue your case before a court to protect your rights.
Speaking to an attorney at our Pensacola office is free of charge, and we accept calls 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Contact us at 850-999-5857 or complete an online contact form to get in touch with a member of our team today.


NACCHO Solicits Model Practices and Innovative Practice Award Applications
The National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO) has opened the application process for 2021 Model Practices and Innovative Practice Awards. Each year, NACCHO’s
Model Practices Program nationally honors and recognizes outstanding local public health practices and shares them through the Model Practices Database. These practices are rigorously reviewed by a committee of peers, consisting of other local health department professionals, and selected from a competitive pool of applicants.
The Model Practices Program application is strongly recommended to LHDs if a practice demonstrates exemplary and replicable outcomes in response to an identified public health need and it reflects a strong local health department role, collaboration, innovation, sustainability, and a thorough evaluation.
This year, amid the COVID-19 pandemic, a new Innovative Practice Award application will run concurrently with the Model Practices Program application. The Innovative Practice Award was created to recognize outstanding practices that have been created or significantly adapted in response to COVID-19.
The Innovative Practice Award application is strongly recommended to LHDs if a practice was developed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic or if a practice was creatively adapted to meet the circumstances of the COVID-19 pandemic and the practice demonstrates remarkable innovation to address COVID-19 but does not yet exhibit the same rigorous program evaluation or long-term sustainability as a Model Practice.
The application period for the 2021 Model Practices Program and 2021 Innovative Practice Award will open November 2, 2020, and close December 31, 2020. NACCHO will hold an informational webinar on the opportunities on Thursday, November 5 at 11:00 am PT.


Sexual harassment is defined by New York law as unwelcome conduct that is of a sexual nature, which includes both verbal and physical actions. Employers are most frequently involved in the following forms of sexual harassment acts: demanding sexual favors in exchange for promotions, creating a sexually offensive work environment, and making sexual advances.
How does New York Law Prohibit Sexual Harassment?
First, Wantagh employers can be required to create company policies that specifically address sexual harassment in the workplace. These must be posted in a visible area such as a break room. Company polices might include such matters as contact information to be used in reporting sexual harassment, filing policies, and remedial measures in the event that a claim is proven to be true.
Furthermore, federal and New York laws create specific agencies which are responsible for handling sexual harassment cases. The agencies are given authority to investigate workplaces in Wantagh to determine if the incidents alleged in the complaints they receive are true. Employers are also barred under these laws from taking action in retaliation against an employee who has claimed sexual harassment, such as firing them or denying them a promotion.
How can a New York attorney help?
It can be difficult to both investigate and establish a sexual harassment claim without having any expertise in the applicable areas of law. Federal investigators are often extremely overworked. Because of this, working with a Wantagh attorney may be the ideal way to make sure that your claim is processed in a timely manner.


Abstract
Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitamin B
1, THCl) can exist as a nonstoichio-metric hydrate (NSH) and as a hemihydrate (HH). NSH can contain up to ∼1 molar equivalent of water and be dehydrated to an isomorphic desolvate (ID) with minimal change in lattice structure. Crystallographic and spectroscopic techniques were used to characterize the influence of structure and mobility on NSH dehydration. Dehydration was accompanied by lattice contraction, as noted by a decrease in the d-spacings. Dehydration also led to the development of surface cracks parallel to the (101̄) and (102̄) planes in the NSH single crystal, as observed by hot stage microscopy. Step-wise dehydration of NSH produced gradual shifts in XRPD and SSNMR peaks, indicating that NSH (with ∼1 mole water) and ID represent the two extremes of a continuum in the hydration state. Variable temperature 13C SSNMR studies showed that water molecules move rapidly at room temperature within the NSH crystal lattice, and the thiamine molecules transiently exist in distinct hydrated and dehydrated states. It is hypothesized that, despite the lack of continuous hydration channels in the NSH crystal lattice, cooperative deformation of the thiamine molecules allows a nondisruptive departure of water molecules from the lattice during dehydration. Keywords Crystal structure Hydrates Mobility Solid-state NMR Spectroscopy X-ray powder diffractometry


As a new mom you feel like you need everything. It feels like there's a million products and a thousand options even within one category. Building our registry was fun, but it was also stressful. I wanted to be wise with the investment, get the best, and not clutter up my house more than necessary [...]
Right before Christmas we took a family trip to Aruba. It was incredible, but pregnancy made it a bit more interesting. My dad booked the trip in April 2019 - three months before we even knew we were pregnant. I was bummed to miss out on the delicious all-inclusive drinks, but I was determined to [...]
I'm currently 27 weeks pregnant. At this point, I'm not new to pregnancy, but also have more time to go before baby girl makes her arrival into the world. I have some thoughts about pregnancy and interactions with others. It's not one of those things we've been necessarily trained on how to handle, so this [...]
I want to begin this by recognizing those that are struggling with infertility, loss, and any other heartache surrounding pregnancy. I cannot imagine what that hurt feels like. I'm praying for you. The pain you're experiencing is real and your feelings are valid. Please seek the help you need. You're not alone. I don't say [...]
“How are you feeling?” I’m asked this question at least once a day. I greatly appreciate how much people genuinely care about how we’re doing (me and baby), but I’m finding it’s hard to truly answer this question. I’m challenged to sum up how I’m feeling in the expected 10 second response window. I can’t. [...]


Oil and gas businesses employ millions of workers. Every worker, from the most junior to the most senior, has a right to a safe, secure workplace. If they allege the company mismanaged their employment, the company could lose out. With the appropriate liability insurance, namely employment practices coverage, you can respond to charges leveled against you. What’s this coverage? Why is it important within your industry?
Your employees range from rig managers to high-level executives. They all could feel mistreated during in the workplace. Use your liability coverage to respond to these charges.
What’s EPLI coverage?
Employment Practices Liability Insurance (EPLI) pertains to mistakes made by companies in the course of hiring or retention. All employees have a right to fair employment. Therefore, should the company act incorrectly, the affected parties might have a claim against the business. Given that the oil and gas industry has as many employees as any other business, coverage is critical.
Let’s say that a rig employee alleges that a manager created an abusive and harassing atmosphere. That’s likely in breach of certain employment laws. As a result, the employee might file a lawsuit against the company and the suspect parties. EPLI coverage can step in here.
An EPLI policy might help you cover fees, settlements and judgements following suits. Thus, you will place your business in a more secure position. You’ll also be able to better compensate those wronged by your actions or inaction.
Establishing the appropriate protection
All businesses are individual entities, even within the oil and gas industry. So, the EPLI coverage yours needs might differ from that of your nearest competitors. Consider some of these guidelines to help you establish the appropriate coverage.
Determine which employees should have coverage under the policy. These might range from high-level executives to volunteers. As a rule of thumb, insure all those who might play a role in hiring or termination. Consider the employment practices within your business. How does your hiring or termination process work? Does this increase the potential for an EPLI claim? Think about some of the claims that might arise. Could someone allege sexual misconduct? What about infliction of emotional distress or improper reviews? Does your policy effectively address these potential risks? If it doesn’t, you might need to adjust more coverage. Choose appropriate limits and deductibles for the value of your business. Examine the average claim cost in your industry. Adjust coverage to create as much financial protection as you can.
You don’t have to be an expert on EPLI coverage to get the right policy. Instead, provide your agent with a full description of your operating risks. That will help them determine the best way to insure you.


Lari, P., Rose, A., Ernst, J. V., Kelly, D. P., & DeLuca, V. W. (2019). Action research. Technology and Engineering Teacher, 79(2), 23-27.
Research questions should be concise, such as: o How do students understand the concept of constraints as it affects engineering design? o To what extent does classroom instruction align with workplace readiness skills? o Will students' understanding of engineering constraints be improved by using a jigsaw method of cooperative learning? o How does a group design activity affect the individual accountability of students? o Is role assignment an effective strategy in the classroom for encouraging female participation in technology-related activities? Qualitative data may be gathered by video recording student activities, conducting in-depth interviews with students or parents, making direct observations of student behavior and taking notes, or conducting a thematic review of student assignments and journals or archival school documents. [...]qualitative data is fundamentally descriptive in nature and is expressed in narratives, visuals, and videos. Qualitative Data Analysis and Interpretation: Since qualitative data is expressed in narratives, images, and videos, the analysis of qualitative data typically requires an extensive analysis process consisting of transcription, iterative thematic review, coding text, data visualization, seeking additional sources of information that confirms emerging conclusions, and external validation from an independent evaluator. An examination of the descriptive statistics for Strategy A (M=38, SD=6.2) and Strategy B (M=38.5, SD=6.5) also suggests the advantage to Strategy B. Yet, only by using more sophisticated statistical procedures, such as a t-Test or Mann-Whitney U, could the teacher-researcher confirm that this difference in average scores did not occur by chance or error and then conclude that Strategy B is better than Strategy A. Even seasoned researchers seek assistance from statisticians and evaluators to help with data analysis, so don't hesitate to seek assistance from colleagues with these analytical tasks.


Many projects are not managed well, overspend and take longer than planned. Sometimes, there are good reasons for this. However, often, the reason for poor performance is a lack of structure and standardised systems.
To help address this, I have been developed tools and a guide and have put this together as a short online course. The course is particularly aimed at government officials working on infrastructure and social projects but may is relevant for people working on projects generally. It aims to be practica and includes templates and checklists that can be adapted by project managers for their situation and projects. Please contact me if you you would like more information.


Abstract
Background: Adults with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (rTOF) are at increased risk for ventricular tachycardia (VT) due to fibrotic remodeling of the myocardium. However, the current clinical guidelines for VT risk stratification and subsequent implantable cardioverter-defibrillator deployment for primary prevention of sudden cardiac death in rTOF remain inadequate. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of using an rTOF-specific virtual-heart approach to identify patients stratified incorrectly as being at low VT risk by current clinical criteria. Methods: This multicenter retrospective pilot study included 7 adult rTOF patients who were considered low risk for VT based on clinical criteria. Patient-specific computational heart models were generated from late gadolinium enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (LGE-MRI), incorporating the individual distribution of rTOF fibrotic remodeling in both ventricles. Simulations of rapid pacing determined VT inducibility. Model creation and simulations were performed by operators blinded to clinical outcome. Results: Two patients in the study experienced clinical VT. The virtual hearts constructed from LGE-MRI scans of 7 rTOF patients correctly predicted reentrant VT in the models from VT-positive patients and no arrhythmia in those from VT-negative patients. There were no statistically significant differences in clinical criteria commonly used to assess VT risk, including QRS duration and age, between patients who did and those who did not experience clinical VT. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the feasibility of image-based virtual-heart modeling in patients with congenital heart disease and structurally abnormal hearts. It highlights the potential of the methodology to improve VT risk stratification in patients with rTOF.
Keywords Arrhythmia Computer simulation Electrophysiology Magnetic resonance imaging Tetralogy of Fallot Ventricular tachycardia ASJC Scopus subject areas Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Physiology (medical)


Arachidonic acid (ARA) is metabolized by cyclooxygenase (COX) and cytochrome P450 to produce proangiogenic metabolites. Specifically, epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) produced from the P450 pathway are angiogenic, inducing cancer tumor growth. A previous study showed that inhibiting soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) increased EET concentration and mildly promoted tumor growth. However, inhibiting both sEH and COX led to a dramatic decrease in tumor growth, suggesting that the contribution of EETs to angiogenesis and subsequent tumor growth may be attributed to downstream metabolites formed by COX. This study explores the fate of EETs with COX, the angiogenic activity of the primary metabolites formed, and their subsequent hydrolysis by sEH and microsomal EH. Three EET regioisomers were found to be substrates for COX, based on oxygen consumption and product formation. EET substrate preference for both COX-1 and COX-2 were estimated as 8,9-EET > 5,6-EET > 11,12-EET, whereas 14,15-EET was inactive. The structure of two major products formed from 8,9-EET in this COX pathway were confirmed by chemical synthesis:
ct-8,9-epoxy-11-hydroxy-eicosatrienoic acid ( ct-8,9-E-11-HET) and ct-8,9-epoxy-15-hydroxy-eicosatrienoic acid ( ct-8,9-E-15-HET). ct-8,9-E-11-HET and ct-8,9-E-15-HET are further metabolized by sEH, with ct-8,9-E-11-HET being hydrolyzed much more slowly. Using an s.c. Matrigel assay, we showed that ct-8,9-E-11-HET is proangiogenic, whereas ct-8,9-E-15-HET is not active. This study identifies a functional link between EETs and COX and identifies ct-8,9-E-11-HET as an angiogenic lipid, suggesting a physiological role for COX metabolites of EETs. Keywords: angiogenesis; cyclooxygenase; epoxyeicosatrienoic acids; metabolism; omega-6 fatty acids.


T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), a T-cell malignant disease that mainly affects children, is still a medical challenge, especially for refractory patients for whom therapeutic options are scarce. Recent advances in immunotherapy for B-cell malignancies based on increasingly efficacious monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) have been encouraging for non-responding or relapsing patients suffering from other aggressive cancers like T-ALL. However, secondary life-threatening T-cell immunodeficiency due to shared expression of targeted antigens by healthy and malignant T cells is a main drawback of mAb-or CAR-based immunotherapies for T-ALL and other T-cell malignancies. This review provides a comprehensive update on the different immunotherapeutic strategies that are being currently applied to T-ALL. We highlight recent progress on the identification of new potential targets showing promising preclinical results and discuss current challenges and opportunities for developing novel safe and efficacious immunotherapies for T-ALL.
Keywords: T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia; chimeric antigen receptor; immunotherapy; leukemia-initiating cells; monoclonal antibodies; relapse.


1. We have previously shown that Xenopus spinal motoneurons make both chemical and electrical synapses with neighboring motoneurons. Because motoneurons are active during swimming, these synapses would be expected to contribute excitation to their neighbors. The significance of central motoneuron to motoneuron synapses was therefore investigated by analyzing the composition of the fast on-cycle excitation underlying spiking activity during fictive swimming in spinal motoneurons. To accomplish this we developed a method for very local application of drugs around a caudal recorded neuron while still being able to evoke and record essentially unaltered fictive swimming rostrally. 2. Intracellular recordings were made from spinal motoneurons during fictive swimming. Bicuculline (40 microM) and strychnine (2 microM) were used continuously to block inhibitory potentials locally around the motoneurons. The amplitude and duration of the fast excitation underlying spiking activity was measured before and during local applications of excitatory antagonists. 3. The nicotinic antagonists d-tubocurarine (10 microM) and dihydro-beta-erythroidine (10 microM) reduced the amplitude of this excitation by approximately 20%. Nicotinic antagonists also reduced the duration of this fast on-cycle excitation. The kainate/alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) antagonist 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX, 10 microM) reduced the amplitude (by approximately 30%) but not the duration of the on-cycle excitation. In the presence of 100 microM Cd2+, which blocks all chemically mediated transmission, a considerable amount (50%) of on-cycle excitation remained. 4. These results suggest that 20% of the on-cycle excitation comes from activation of nicotinic receptors by naturally released acetylcholine (ACh), presumably from other motoneurons.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)


dc.contributor.advisor Weible, Michael dc.contributor.author Toppinen, Kelly Marie dc.date.accessioned 2018-01-23T02:23:01Z dc.date.available 2018-01-23T02:23:01Z dc.date.issued 2016 dc.identifier.doi 10.25904/1912/577 dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365832 dc.description.abstract Adult neurogenesis in the subventricular zone (SVZ) is a highly dynamic and finely-tuned process, subject to modulation by various physiological stimuli. Fast- dividing transit-amplifying (type C) cells are the immediate progeny of adult neural stem cells in the SVZ. These type C cells play a key role in neurogenesis by expanding cell numbers that eventually give rise to neuroblasts destined for the olfactory bulbs (OB). The size of the progenitor pool, and ultimately the number of neurons that engage in synaptic competition at the OB, is largely determined by the balance between proliferation and differentiation of these cells. Identifying the signalling mechanisms that regulate type C cell fate is an essential step towards understanding how intermediate progenitor pools are maintained in the adult neurogenic niches. A key feature of type C cells is their transient expression and activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which is a critical signal involved in regulating their undifferentiated and proliferative state in vitro, and in maintaining the number of neurons produced in vivo. EGFR activation leads to multiple complex signal transduction pathways, including Ca2+ liberation from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Biological systems can transduce information by initiating and/or altering the spatial and temporal dynamics of Ca2+ within the cell, allowing for distinct biological signals to be transmitted in a process known as Ca2+-encoding. In this study, the role Ca2+-encoding plays in EGFR signal transduction was examined. dc.language English dc.publisher Griffith University dc.publisher.place Brisbane dc.rights.copyright The author owns the copyright in this thesis, unless stated otherwise. dc.subject.keywords Adult neurogenesis in the subventricular zone dc.subject.keywords Fast- dividing transit-amplifying (type C) cells dc.subject.keywords C-cells dc.subject.keywords Epidermal growth factor receptor dc.title EGFR Activates NFAT3 through Frequency Modulated Ca2+ Oscillations to Regulate the Proliferation of Transit-Amplifying (type C) Cells in the Adult SVZ dc.type Griffith thesis gro.faculty Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology gro.rights.copyright The author owns the copyright in this thesis, unless stated otherwise. gro.hasfulltext Full Text dc.contributor.otheradvisor Mackay-Sim, Alan dc.rights.accessRights Public gro.identifier.gurtID gu1490755104785 gro.thesis.degreelevel Thesis (PhD Doctorate) gro.thesis.degreeprogram Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) gro.department SChool of Natural Sciences gro.griffith.author Toppinen, Kelly M.


Abstract
Substance misuse services need to meet the growing demand and needs of individuals using new psychoactive substances (NPS). A review of the literature identified a paucity of research regarding NPS use by these individuals and UK guidelines outline the need for locally tailored strategies. The purpose of this qualitative study was to identify and explore key themes in relation to the use of NPS by individuals receiving community treatment for their substance use. Electronic records identified demographics and semi-structured interviews were undertaken. A thematic analysis of transcripts identified a variety of substance use histories; 50% were prescribed opiate substitutes and 25% used NPS as a primary substance. All were males, age range 26–59 years (SD = 9), who predominantly smoked cannabinoids and snorted/injected stimulant NPS. The type of NPS used was determined by affordability, availability, side-effect profile and desired effects (physical and psychological: 25% reported weight loss as motivation for their use). Poly-pharmacy, supplementation and displacement of other drugs were prevalent. In conclusion, NPS use and associated experiences vary widely among people receiving substance use treatment. Development of effective recovery pathways should be tailored to individuals, and include harm reduction strategies, psychosocial interventions, and effective signposting. Services should be vigilant for NPS use, “on top” use and diversion of prescriptions.
Bibliographical note© 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access
article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution
(CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).


“Then the offering of Judah and Jerusalem will be pleasant to the Lord, as in the days of old, as in former years.”—Malachi 3:4
Passover, Shavuot, and Sukkot are the three pilgrim feasts when the Jewish people would journey from their homes to Jerusalem in order to bring an offering to the Lord.
Can you imagine the commitment of this journey? It was a long, tiring, and arduous task that required great commitment and sacrifice. But it was worth it!
Obedience is always worth the sacrifice.
It was very important for each family to bring a gift to the Lord during the Pilgrim Feasts. They were sowing an offering in obedience and believing for provision for the rest of the year.
Their seed was an investment into their future.
These men and their families understood that if they gave God what little they had, He would give them what they needed in the days and years to come.
I know that the phrase “name it and claim it” has been overused and perhaps abused in the past several years, but I truly believe in naming your seed and expecting something good from our Father in return. Obedience releases blessing!
Consider the promises of Malachi 3:10-12. I challenge you to claim these promises over the next offering you bring to the Lord, and have faith for a return:
1.
“Try Me now in this…” (vs. 10.) We decree and declare that the windows of Heaven are open above you, your family, your ministries and your businesses!
2.
“…and pour out for you such blessing that there will not be room enough to receive it.” (vs. 10.) We decree and declare that the blessings of the Lord will overtake and overflow you!
3.
“And I will rebuke the devourer for your sakes…” (vs. 11.) We decree and declare that the devourer is rebuked for your sake and the sake of your family!
4.
“…so that he will not destroy the fruit of your ground…” (vs. 11.) We decree and declare that Satan will not destroy the fruit of your ground; neither shall your vine cast its fruit in the field before its time! We decree that God’s perfect timing will be evident in your life!
5.
“…and all nations will call you blessed.” (vs. 12.) We decree and declare that all the nations shall call you blessed, for you shall be a delightful land!
It is time for us to trust in the Lord, march forward, and sow toward where we want go! It is time for us to decree a return! Sow in faith during this Passover season and throughout the coming year!
Invest in your future!


Abstract
Several parameters used in formation evaluation based on downhole logs are ultimately determinable only from measure- ments made on core samples. Consequently, the precision with which a log can be interpreted quantitatively depends on the precision with which the parameters such as cement- ation exponent, m, and saturation exponent, n, can be determined.


A railroad accident can permanently change your life. Accidents involving heavy, speeding trains often result in catastrophic loss, including severe injuries or death and environmental damage. Usually, negligence is the cause of these devastating accidents. We believe you deserve compensation from the careless person or company who has harmed you or your family in this way.
The attorneys at Morey Law Firm P.A. are prepared to represent you in claims that include:
Railroads and their insurance companies maintain substantial legal teams poised to avoid their responsibility to you in the chaotic aftermath of a train accident. We match their calculated efforts with unshakable determination to win rightful compensation for you. We compete with these industry interests by drawing on our extensive knowledge about federal regulations, transportation requirements, labor law, personal injury, civil litigation and mediation. We are passionate about conducting a thorough investigation into the causes of the railroad accident and the extent of your injuries, and we are bolstered by our team of trauma doctors, chiropractors, forensic engineers, railroad engineers and accident reconstruction analysts who have expert understanding of the railroad industry and train mechanics.


The Financial Conduct Authority on Wednesday released guidelines for the Finance Ministry in the UK on how to regulate cryptocurrencies. Reportedly, the Ministry welcomed the guidance and was planning to consult on ‘unregulated cryptocurrencies’ later this year.
This was a monumental event in the UK’s Financial System as they attempted at a classification of different types of cryptocurrencies – ‘Token Taxonomy.’ The Authorities broadly viewed three kinds of crypto-assets: cryptocurrencies as a medium of Exchange, utility tokens and security tokens.
Stablecoins and Security Tokens to Be Formalized Soon?
They recognized ‘stablecoins’ backed by FIAT, as crypto which
could be regulated as e-money. The guidelines added,
Respondents agreed that certain types of tokens can meet the definition of e-money and so fall under the EMRs
Nevertheless, these are some types of stablecoins like ones backed by a commodity or a basket of currencies and commodities. While Facebook’s Libra wasn’t mentioned explicitly, it was indicated that depending on the assets and the ecosystem that Libra builds it could be regulated as a security, a debt instrument, or other types of specified investments.
‘Security tokens‘ issued on the blockchain were to broadly accepted to be regulated under RAO (Regulated Activities Order).
Unregulated Exchange and Utility Tokens
The FCA broadly accepted that cryptocurrencies that are not issued or controlled by a central authority would be classified under ‘unregulated cryptocurrencies’ as they do not fall under the purview of existing laws. These include Exchange currencies like Bitcoin and even utility tokens like Ethereum.
Last but not least, ‘utility tokens’ were defined as cryptocurrencies “that do not grant holders rights that are the same as those granted by specified investments.” While some them might be classified as e-money, the FCA largely agreed on putting utility tokens in the unregulated section.
Moreover, the FCA also raised concerns around the dubious activities conducted on Exchange or trade platforms. The FCA told the media,
“A combination of market immaturity, volatility, and a lack of credible information or oversight raises concerns about market integrity, manipulation and insider dealing within crypto-asset markets,”
Regulatory Watchdogs all across the world are starting to consider cryptocurrencies as a serious issue. While the current market capitalization is considerably low, the retail business is quickly adopting this technology.
Furthermore, even US lawmakers noted in the Senate Hearing held the day before that, US Cannot Ban Crypto Even If They Decide To. The finalized laws and guidelines on them can be expected from both Governments within the next year.
Do you agree with the classifications drawn by the FCA? Please share your views with us.


Massacre of the Dreamers is crucial literature for any activist in the 21st century, as Castillo searingly navigates through the century-old roots of oppression at the heart of the Americas: the oppression of the brown woman.
Castillo not only details the layers of misogynist systems which brown women have faced throughout their existence, but she also manages to cast a vision for those of us who want to be allies of Xicanisma –Chicana-based feminist consciousness — as we seek to free ourselves from our own internalized oppression.
Steeped with fact-based analysis but not overwhelmingly focused on numbers, the book is also a model for what academic literature should be: based on the present conditions faced ‘on the ground’ by non-academics, since the majority of the working class which so many scholars hope to advocate for have neither the time nor the patience to sift through jargon-laden writing aimed at other academics.
M.O.D was published in 1995, but is as relevant now as it was during the nineties for its careful examination of events like the Chicano Student walkouts of East Los Angeles in 1968, subsequent movements for economic justice such as the 1986 Watsonville Women’s Strike, and the form which the movement has taken more recently in events such as the Mujeres Activas en Letras y Cambio Social (MALCS) conference.
For its words of wisdom, sources, and its persistence in seeking ways to identify and dismantle systems of inequality, I absolutely recommend Ana Castillo’s book for anyone looking to learn about the Amerindian, or Mestiza
mujer‘s role in the movement. J.T.


Abstract
We have developed a Ni/ZSM-5 catalyst and utilised it to completely hydrogenate a series of condensed arenes, including naphthalene, anthracene and phenanthrene, under relatively mild conditions. The yields of decalin, perhydroanthracene and perhydrophenanthrene reached 100%, 98.8% and 25.8%, respectively. By analyzing the isomer distribution of the perhydroarenes, we proposed a mechanism of biatomic hydrogen transfer, which was further proven via the hydrogenation of 9,10-diphenylanthracene. Through hydrotreatment over the Ni/ZSM-5 catalyst, both high-temperature coal tar rich in condensed arenes and low-temperature coal tar mixing arenes with alkanes were greatly upgraded. The majority of arenes in the coal tars were deeply and even completely hydrogenated, which may open up a route for further processing and application of coal tar as clean fuels.
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes Chemistry(all) Chemical Engineering(all)


In light of today’s global economy and variable markets, achieving financial success can be a complex and confusing process for even the most experienced investors, one that requires a significant amount of time, knowledge, and resources. We provide access to the necessary tools, personalized services, and expertise to help you develop a well-coordinated plan that goes beyond one-dimensional product strategies.Smart investing shouldn’t perplex, puzzle, or confound. Our data-driven strategies may help you avoid even the deepest of pitfalls.


Reports
Search filters applied: community services, universities AND 2011 AND workforce and capability .
Actions for Volume Nine 2011 focus on Education and Communities
The report includes comments on financial audits of government agencies in the Education and Communities sectors. The audits of the above entities’ financial statements for the year ended 30 June 2011 resulted in unmodified audit opinions within the Independent Auditor’s Reports. A key finding was that Treasury should consider issuing further guidance to arts and cultural bodies on collection valuation methodologies due to the significance of these asset
Actions for Volume Two 2011 focusing on Universities
New South Wales’ ten universities recorded a combined operating surplus of $582 million in 2010, similar to last year’s surplus of $494 million.Capital works expenditure increased by 16 per cent from $874 million in 2009 to $1,015 million in 2010. Despite this, financial and reputational issues continue for universities.


by Annamaria Lusardi, Olivia S. Mitchell, Noemi Oggero; CeRP WP N. 173/17
Abstract
We analyze older individuals’ debt and financial vulnerability using data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and the National Financial Capability Study (NFCS). Specifically, in the HRS we examine three different cohorts (individuals age 56–61) in 1992, 2004, and 2010 to evaluate cross-cohort changes in debt over time. We also use two waves of the NFCS (2012 and 2015) to gain additional insights into debt management and older individuals’ capacity to shield themselves against shocks. We show that recent cohorts have taken on more debt and face more financial insecurity, mostly due to having purchased more expensive homes with smaller down payments.
published: September 2017


2020-07-17 ECHO recognizes climate change as a profound reality faced by small-scale farmers. Many of our publications have focused on helping farmers cope with related challenges such as heat and drought.Increasing farmer resilience and minimizing risk have been key elements of the practices we have...
ECHOcommunity.org is the online collaborative membership community of ECHO, an international nonprofit organization. ECHO exists to reduce hunger and improve lives through agricultural training and resources. Working through regional impact centers around the world ECHO connects small-scale farmers, and those working to eliminate world hunger, with essential resources, and each other. These resources include a vast knowledgebase of practical information, experienced technical support and an extensive seed bank focused on highly beneficial underutilized plants.
Association Management Software Powered by YourMembership.com® :: Legal/Privacy


Class IIa HDAC inhibition reduces breast tumours and metastases through anti-tumour macrophages
Nature：抑制IIa类组蛋白去乙酰化酶可诱导抗肿瘤巨噬细胞分化募集从而抑制乳腺癌生长和转移扩散
10.1038/nature21409
2017-03-08, Letter
Abstract & Authors:展开
Abstract:收起
Although the main focus of immuno-oncology has been manipulating the adaptive immune system, harnessing both the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system might produce superior tumour reduction and elimination. Tumour-associated macrophages often have net pro-tumour effects, but their embedded location and their untapped potential provide impetus to discover strategies to turn them against tumours. Strategies that deplete (anti-CSF-1 antibodies and CSF-1R inhibition) or stimulate (agonistic anti-CD40 or inhibitory anti-CD47 antibodies) tumour-associated macrophages have had some success. We hypothesized that pharmacologic modulation of macrophage phenotype could produce an anti-tumour effect. We previously reported that a first-in-class selective class IIa histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, TMP195, influenced human monocyte responses to the colony-stimulating factors CSF-1 and CSF-2 in vitro. Here, we utilize a macrophage-dependent autochthonous mouse model of breast cancer to demonstrate that in vivo TMP195 treatment alters the tumour microenvironment and reduces tumour burden and pulmonary metastases by modulating macrophage phenotypes. TMP195 induces the recruitment and differentiation of highly phagocytic and stimulatory macrophages within tumours. Furthermore, combining TMP195 with chemotherapy regimens or T-cell checkpoint blockade in this model significantly enhances the durability of tumour reduction. These data introduce class IIa HDAC inhibition as a means to harness the anti-tumour potential of macrophages to enhance cancer therapy.
First Authors:
Michael A Nolan,Anthony Letai
Correspondence Authors:
Michael A Nolan,Anthony Letai
All Authors:
Jennifer L Guerriero,Alaba Sotayo,Holly E Ponichtera,Jessica A Castrillon,Alexandra L Pourzia,Sara Schad,Shawn F Johnson,Ruben D Carrasco,Suzan Lazo,Roderick T Bronson,Scott P Davis,Mercedes Lobera,Michael A Nolan,Anthony Letai


A recent study has claimed that the long-term stimulant abuse has more significant effects on brain volume in women than in men. University of Colorado researchers tried to determine how the brains of people previously dependent on stimulants are different from the brains of healthy people. Read: Are women more sensitive to adverse effects of drugs Researcher Jody Tanabe said that during the research while the women previously dependent on stimulants demonstrated widespread brain differences when compared to their healthy control counterparts the men demonstrated no significant brain differences. The women who were former stimulant abusers showed significant loss of


ESC provides critical, time-sensitive advice to help our clients manage EHS and operational risks and liabilities during acquisitions, mergers, joint ventures and divestitures, as well as conduct EHS due diligence for project finance including Equator Principle reviews.
In a typical industrial transaction, EHS concerns are often the most challenging issues encountered. ESC creates value by enabling our clients to negotiate knowledgeably and effectively on EHS issues.
To facilitate this, ESC’s transaction practice is based on two major activities, the preparation of an EHS Assessment report and the provision of advisory services to the buyer or seller on all EHS aspects of the deal to point of completion, when ESC can create value by actively managing any subsequent claims process to point of closure.


Uncategorized April 11, 2020 Abortion in the 1970`s
Abortionin the 1970’s
InstitutionalAffiliations
ArticleReview
Thearticle “Lonely, tragic, but legally necessary pilgrimages:Transnational Abortion Travel in the 1970s”, by Beth Palmer,discusses how the Calgary Birth Control Association (CBCA) helpedpeople from Canada to cross to the United States for abortion. Thetitle of the articledepictshowlonely the journey was, but people deemed it a necessary pilgrimage.Most importantly, the article describes the complexities that existedregarding abortion during the time. Some of the challenges occurreddue to inequality in gender and financially based matters where theCBCA claimed actually to practice an inverted form of the oldeconomic discrimination. These elements indicate decision-based onwomen’s socio-economic privileges that highlighted the interestingclass-based distribution of resources.
Theessence of the current study entails understanding thecharacteristics involved in carrying out abortion in the 1970s. Italso seeks to illustrate how feminism acts contributed or hinderedwomen from getting abortions in Canada and the United States. Thedetermination of these factors plays a significant role in thedemonstration of the tensions that reproductive-rights activistsencountered in addressing the needs of individual women against thelong-term objective of changing the laws and improving accessibility.Most importantly the article points out the shortcomings of theCanadian healthcare system as well as the legal modifications in the1969 omnibus bill because women traveled to the United States toacquire abortions. Nevertheless, such facts compel to the fact thatthe reproductive rights are an international issue.
Analysisand Contextualization
Thearticle starts by depicting the story of a woman from Alberta whowent through an abortion procedure and later stated that it entailedthe only answer and way. She also indicated that the abortion broughtabout physical and mental relief from a complicated situationregardless of the fact that most people were against it.Additionally, Alberta’s story indicates her support to the abortionprocedure through portraying the advantages that allowed manyCanadian women to acquire freedom. Contrastingly, she depicts theshortcomings in the Canadian healthcare system that occurred as aresult of lack of accessible services that brought about stress tothe women who suffered from unplannedpregnancies(Palmer, 2011). Most importantly, Alberta’s experience highlightsthe fact that the access to abortion services remained a pressingissue for Canadian women especially after the decriminalization ofthe medical procedure. Consequently, the government attempted toalleviate the situation by making therapeutic abortion possible inhospitals based on the Criminal Law Amendment Act of 1968 and 1969.However, most Canadian women opted to travel for many miles in searchof safe medical abortion procedures. These activities brought aboutthe emergence of several informal groups which helped women connectwith physicians in other local communities with the aim of obtainingabortions. One of the local organizations that existed in the 1970sentailed the Calgary Birth Control Association (CBCA). It helpedpeople, mostly women, to cross borders into the United States toaccess abortions. However, these journeys as propagated by activistswere lonely and tragic but brought about pilgrimages that werelegally necessary (Palmer, 2011).
Besides,the services offered by the groups in helping people cross bordersexemplify the difficulties that existed in the abortion movementduring the time. They also indicate the undercover strategiesemployed by activists in helping women access abortions.Additionally, they suggest the Canadian healthcare system facedsignificant challenges and lacked the ability to realize the needs ofwomen facing unplannedpregnancies(Palmer, 2011). These may be followed closely by the fact thatreproductive rights entail an international issue majorly influencedby geopolitical borders. On the other hand, the evaluation of thesefactors brings about a revelation of the tension that supporters ofreproductive rights encountered in their attempt to address theimmediate needs of pregnant women as well as the long-term objectivesof improving access to abortion (Palmer, 2011).
Thearticle indicates that the accessibility entails one of the majorvital markers of women rights. It utilizes elements included in 1969feminist manifesto to advocate for the fact that abortion should belegalized and made available to allow women to possess control oftheir bodies. The manifesto “Toward a Female Liberation Movement”,by Rosalind Petchesky, highlights the significance of legal,accessible abortion indicating that it makes the challenging aspectof women’s responsibility for pregnancy less total (Frank, 2014).Nevertheless, it points out that the accessibility to abortionservices does not establish reproductive freedom or ensure an equaldistribution of responsibility for reproduction. Most importantly,the author insists that the law on abortion entails a critical pointof view through which the history of women may be shown. The view ofsuch aspects involves the fact that abortion policies locate women’sautonomy in public as well as attending to intimate sexual relations(Frank, 2014).
Thesimilarity in the issue of legalizing abortion in the United Statesoccurred after many poor women died. Most of the women who died fromillegal abortion, 75 percent, entailed those from poor backgrounds,especially the colored ones. These activities brought about a pushfor legalizing abortion influenced by the civil rights as well as theantiwar movements. These activities contributed to New York State aswell as others passing a law that allowed abortion on demand only ifoccurred in a medical facility conducted by a doctor (Frank, 2014).They also attracted women who could afford it as well as feministnetworks which supported the protests through loans, referrals andfought to keeps abortion prices down. Contrastingly, not all womencould afford to go to New York and thus pursued facilities offeringabortion illegally. These activities contributed towards the U.S.Supreme Court ruling that through the end of the first trimester ofpregnancy, only pregnant women and their doctors had the legal rightto make decisions regarding abortions. The court also indicated thatstates could restrict second-trimester abortions in the interest ofthe safety of the mother. However, it was the responsibility of thestates to protect a baby possessing the ability to survive during thethird trimester (Frank, 2014).
Thearticle “Lonely, tragic, but legally necessary pilgrimages”points that due to the legalization of abortion in America, Albertaadopted the initiative to increase the availability of hospitalscarrying out the procedure. For instance, it indicates that duringthe mid-1970s there were about twenty-six hospitals in the provincethat fulfilled the criteria for providing legal abortions. However,they still faced challenges in that more than one-third of the peopleof Alberta could not access hospitals as the rural facilities lackedaccredited equipment (Palmer, 2011). The unavailability of thisequipment emanated from differences in attitudes among hospitalabortion committees and bed shortages. The women who needed abortionservices had to seek help from medical professionals as well associal workers. Nevertheless, these groups lacked the properequipment to curb the shortcomings of the system and were monitoredto ensure that they followed the necessary policies (Palmer, 2011).
Similarto the United States, those Canadian women who traveled to Seattle toobtain abortions included upper and upper middle-income classes. TheCBCA group claimed that it effectively practiced an inverted form ofold economic discriminations through referring women with theresources to travel to the United States for an abortion to makein-province hospital space for women facing financial constraints.The decision pointed out a distribution of resources based on classin that it allowed wealthy women to use personal resources to obtainan abortion and leave the local, hospital-based, insured proceduresto those who lacked other options (Palmer, 2011). Nevertheless,protagonists such as Christabelle Sethna claimed that extensivetravel to access abortion was pursued by marginalized womenespecially the poor, racialized and rural females. Contrastingly,historical evidence indicated that in Alberta, the largest part ofwomen traveling to seek abortion procedures entailed wealthy women.These activities facilitated in shaping the CBCA’s politicalactivism through prodding federal legislators to amend the lawsrequiring women to apply for TAC approval. The organization urgedthat Alberta government to address hospital services as well as addedpressure for local and national political change. These were followedclosely by the persuasion of transnational affiliation with theAmericans. These aspects brought about a cross-border relationshipwith the Abortion Referral Service in Seattle where legal abortionswere readily available (Palmer, 2011).
Theactivities carried out by the CBCA organization attracted otherAmerican groups which recognized the fact that reproductive rightsexceed borders. These American groups sought to help the CBCA throughproviding abortions and challenging the Canadian laws. These occurredthrough collaboration with organizations such as the National Women’sHealth Coalition based in America that contacted the CBCA to requestthem to send a sympathetic physician for free training in the UnitedStates (Hajek, 2014). The activists for such activities welcomed theidea with the hope that it would boost the success in both countries.Similarly, feminist health centers around the United States providedlow-cost abortion services that emphasized the quality of care. Theyalso maintained political involvement in the reproductive rightsmovement. According to research, when the Supreme Court legalizedabortion in 1973 in America, critics such as the antiabortion forcesled by the Catholic Church, initiated mobilization using a variety ofpolitical tactics (Hajek, 2014). These included campaigning, publicrelations, political lobbying, just to mention a few. Theiractivities succeeded in July 1976 when Congress passed the HydeAmendment banning Medicaid funding for abortion unless in cases wherethe mother`s life was endangered. This led to the withdrawal offinancing for unnecessary abortions. These elements brought aboutintensified effects such as harm and discrimination against womenliving in poverty. For instance, in 1977, a woman in Texas died froman illegal abortion conducted in Mexico after the withdrawal offunding from the Medicaid abortions (Hajek, 2014).
Conclusively,these elements indicate that despite legalizing abortion to ensureavailability of the services to all women, there need to be propermeasures aimed at eradicating illegal procedures. The evaluation ofabortion in the 1970s portrays the fact that women faced immensechallenges such as lack of facilities and trained providers,cumbersome legal restrictions, just to mention a few. There existedmixed reactions among the people in Canada who sought abortionprocedures from the United States as it provided quality services.However, the fight for the provision of better services andprotection of women based on the reproduction rights recognized thatunwanted pregnancies were common across all borders (Palmer, 2011).Most importantly, the people of Alberta, especially women requestedthe CBCA organization to continue their services in helping women inneed. Their activities resonated with those of feminists advocatingfor the reproduction rights for all women regardless of theirfinancial and racial status. Additionally, the supporters and clientsof the CBCA organization agreed with their assessment that the crisisof unwanted pregnancy serves as a critical moment in any woman’slife (Palmer, 2011). They propagated that an unwanted pregnancyentails a time when a woman’s aspirations and those of her familyas well as her personal identity and ethics become especially clearto her. When a woman obtains an unwanted pregnancy she bears theburden of deciding the course of her future which may be affectedpositively or adversely. Therefore, the government and other relevantentities should collaborate in seeking out a cross-border abortion asa catalyst to action for many women. In Alberta, these activitieswere coupled with access to information as well as collaborationbetween the United States medical physicians and the Canadianhealthcare system in providing quality abortion services to all women(Palmer, 2011). Nevertheless, these elements occurred after animmense struggle by activists who believed that the Canadiangovernment should implement the activities of the CBCA organizationin providing the appropriate services (Palmer, 2011).
References
Frank, G.(2014). The Color of the Unborn: Anti-Abortion and Anti-BussingPolitics in Michigan, United States, 1967-1973.
Gender& History,  26(2),351-378. doi:10.1111/1468-0424.12073
Hajek, A.(2014). Defining Female Subjectivities in Italy: motherhood andabortion in the individual and collective memories of the 1970swomen`s movement in Bologna.
Women`sHistory Review,  23(4),543-559. doi:10.1080/09612025.2014.894758
Palmer, B.(2011). ‘Lonely, tragic, but legally necessary pilgrimages’:Transnational Abortion Travel in the 1970s.
TheCanadian Historical Review,  92(4),637-664. doi:10.1353/can.2011.0059


How many times have public health researchers developed highly effective behavioral interventions to improve a population’s health, only to be thwarted by one simple truth: not enough of the population is using them to make a significant impact? Indeed, the real-world impact of many public health interventions proven effective in clinical trials is often limited […]


We evaluate the performance and gettering response of n-type ingot silicon material grown by the noncontact crucible method for photovoltaic applications. As-grown lifetimes are >150 μs and relatively homogeneous through the ingot. We apply standard and extended gettering profiles to elucidate gettering response. Effective minority carrier lifetimes are greater than 700 μs and 1.8 ms at an injection condition of 10
15 cm -3 after standard and extended gettering schemes, respectively, on samples from near the top of an ingot. Unlike the as-grown state, the wafer lifetime distribution in gettered samples is not homogeneous. In wafers from lower parts of the ingot, concentric-swirl patterns of lower lifetime are revealed after gettering. We hypothesize that gettering removes a large percentage of fast-diffusing impurities, while defect striations similar to swirl microdefects found in Czochralski silicon can in some cases continue to limit lifetimes after gettering. These results indicate that, by application of a tailored gettering process, silicon materials grown by the noncontact crucible method can achieve lifetimes that can readily support high-efficiency solar cells, while highlighting areas for further material improvement.


#1 – WORKPLACE INSPECTIONS Trace out emergency exits in available light from emergency lighting. Frequently, debris stored in areas surrounding entrance and exit points pose a hazard in low-light conditions. #2 – STORAGE RACKING Storage racking is a combination of steel frames, beams and associated accessories that have been assembled to support materials (including pallets).
Some requirements for storage racks that are higher than 8 feet (floor to top of highest shelf) or under 8 feet, if loaded/unloaded by mobile equipment:
Employer must ensure storage racks are capable of safely supporting weight of items stored, designed and constructed in accordance with good engineering practice, and used in accordance with the specifications and instructions of the manufacturer or professional engineer. Employer must ensure a qualified person conducts regular inspections of the racking for signs of wear, corrosion, damage, fatigue, or missing/incompatible parts, and ensure regular maintenance and repairs are completed in accordance with specifications/instructions of the manufacturer or professional engineer. #3 – PEDESTRIAN/FORKLIFT INTERFACE A key element of warehouse safety is the interaction between mobile equipment and pedestrians. Wherever possible, designate separate, restricted lanes for mobile equipment and pedestrian traffic. Ensure that pedestrian crossings are located in open areas with good visibility. Ensure that mobile equipment is equipped with audible and visual warning devices. Ensure that both operators and pedestrians maintain a high level of situational awareness at all times.


This activity promotes development and learning by encouraging children to develop vocabulary, language, and creativity in play. Very young children explore objects and toys primarily to discover their properties; as children mature, their play becomes more creative, complex, and symbolic.
Materials Needed: Cookie sheet or tray Toy farm figures, such as farm animals, tractors, etc. Dirt or sand Grass or other nontoxic plants Participants: This activity is intended for adult/child interaction. Directions: Place the dirt, sand, and grass on the cookie sheet. Add the toy farm figures. Show your child how to explore the dirt and grass, and play with the animals. Demonstrate animal sounds or show your child how to have the animals pretend to eat or take a drink. Additional Activities We think you'll also enjoy these... GET WORLD AT HOME
We're adding new activities each week - get notified when we do!


If your dentist in Richardson TX has told you that you have a cavity, you are not alone. Roughly 78 percent of Americans have had at least one cavity before the age of 17. However, while tooth decay is quite common, many do not know how a cavity actually forms. Understanding the development of dental caries is a critical component to help combat tooth decay. As your family dentist near Plano TX, Breckinridge Dental & Orthodontics explains the process of tooth decay.
How Does a Cavity Develop?
The formation of a cavity is a slow process that gradually progresses overtime. Teeth contain a hard outer layer known as enamel, which is composed of mineral salts and calcium. While mineral salts are found naturally in saliva, they also make the teeth more prone to acidic damage.
Throughout the day, plaque begins to form on the teeth, which is why it is essential to brush and floss daily to remove the accumulation. However, if plaque is not removed, it begins to eat away at enamel. The demineralization of the enamel is due to acid that forms when plaque is exposed to sugars from foods and drinks we consume. The acid causes enamel to become porous, allowing tiny holes to develop. Over time, these small holes will increase in size to finally form one large hole. Once this occurs, a cavity has formed.
During the early stage of decay, a small white spot will appear on a tooth, which indicates where minerals have been lost. At this point, your family dentist at Breckinridge Dental & Orthodontics can stop the progression of decay with preventive treatments, such as fluoride or dental sealants. However, if the right intervention is not used, the small white spot will eventually continue to weaken, allowing severe decay to develop.
Symptoms of a Potential Cavity
It is estimated approximately 92 percent of adults have a cavity develop on their permanent teeth, with another 26 percent of adults living with untreated tooth decay. In addition, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports 19 percent of children 2 to 19 years of age have untreated cavities. The reason for the high number of untreated dental caries in both adults and children is largely to due poor oral hygiene and not maintaining regular visits to the dentist. Regular dental checkups provide early diagnosis and intervention for cavity treatment. However, even without the aid of a dentist, there are symptoms of a potential cavity.
During early cavity development, dental caries often does not produce symptoms. But, as time progresses, the tooth will become sensitive to temperature changes and sweet foods. If any symptoms are present, it is essential to contact your dentist for treatment.
Your Dentist in Richardson TX
At Breckinridge Dental & Orthodontics, we want to protect your smile from tooth decay. We provide preventive treatments to stop cavities before they start. With regular checkups and cleanings, we perform the necessary interventions to protect the enamel while also detecting cavities during the early stages. With early cavity detection, we will stop the damage to protect the health and integrity of the tooth.


Fleeing a situation of physical or psychological violence is considered essential travel, according to the Secretary of State for Equal Opportunity, Sarah Schlitz.
The ban on movement on public roads between midnight and 6.00 AM, decided by the Consultative Committee, does not apply in such situations, Ms Schlitz explained in a press release.
During the March lockdown, there was a sharp increase in domestic violence, with three times the number of calls on hotlines, along with a spike in complaints and related police interventions.
The most frequent cases had to do with women who had been abused by violent partners, children or teenagers who were the victims of violence or incest, and LGBTQIA+ persons excluded from their family circles, the Secretary of State explained.
“People who feel unsafe at home and wish to flee their family circles need to know that they can be given a hearing and taken care of by the police,” she said.
“We need to prevent a drama from occurring because the person did not dare leave home due to the curfew,” Ms. Schlitz added, noting that the ministerial decree instituting the curfew listed this exception.
She also announced that she would invite her colleagues in the Council of Ministers to an emergency meeting to come up with a federal plan against domestic violence, and that she would call for an inter-ministerial meeting on women’s rights.


Featured Publication Enriching Young Lives: How to Unlock Potential in Young People by Mary Kazangarare
This book is about enriching young lives. Mary has extensively explored the seven key themes and perspectives highlighted below:
Mindset: The power of the mind Having a purpose and a meaning in life Self-confidence and positive self-esteem Developing a positive attitude The power of the spoken word The significance of gratitude The influence of peers
It is not only academic acquaintance that makes a young person fully rounded in life. This book goes beyond a formal learning environment.
Mary has demonstrated these facets, through real case studies and research. Without some extra humanitarian knowledge and etiquette, a young person may struggle to reach their full potential. In this book, Mary explores the importance of taking a humanitarian approach to academic learning.


One Study Shows Asthma Associated with Decreased Risk of COVID-19 in Children
The question of whether and how asthma and COVID-19 are related has been an ongoing question since the pandemic’s start. According to the American Academy of Asthma, Allergy, and Immunology, “Few data exist to indicate that having asthma is associated with an increased risk of becoming infected with COVID-19 or a more severe course. Recent reassuring data show that having asthma was not associated with an increased risk of hospitalization or even mortality in COVID-19 hospitalized patients.”
One recent study published on November 3rd in the journal,
Clinical Infectious Diseases,looked at COVID-19 rates among children and adolescents (<21 years of age) with a SARS-CoV-2-infected close contact. History of provider-diagnosed asthma was less common in SARS-CoV-2-infected children than in uninfected children (6% vs. 17%; p=0.005), leading the authors to conclude that “asthma is associated with a decreased risk.” They stated, “These observations have led to speculation that asthma may lower SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility, or alternatively protect from severe COVID-19, by promoting a Th2‐dominant immune response or through reduced expression of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor (ACE2).” Similar to other studies, the authors found significant racial disparities, noting that Latinx children represented 21% of those individuals tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection but accounted for 59% of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients.


Ladder Rank Salary Data Multiple Linear Regression Analysis
When these data are evaluated with the simplest model that includes only demographic variables the result indicate that, compared to their colleagues who are male, women earn salaries that are 11.5% lower, Asian faculty 2.8% lower, and URM faculty 11% lower. However, only 4% of the salary variation is explained by the model (Table 1). As additional explanatory variables are added to the model, salary differences diminish to less than 1% between women, Asian, and URMs when compared to white men; and the percentage of salary variation explained by the model increases to 91%. This indicates that at the campus level, there is little evidence of salary inequity associated with gender and/or ethnicity.
Progression Analysis
The progression data for all General Campus Ladder Rank Faculty, are plotted below. Normative progression is defined in the Progression Matrix.
Progress Rate Analysis
There has been debate on whether rank should be included in predicting salary. In previous studies, rank is generally included in predictive modeling unless there is evidence of bias against one group progressing through the ranks. Cursory t-tests on the rate of progression indicate that there is no significant difference between White men and Asian or URM faculty. However, women do progress at a slightly slower rate than white men. Further multivariate regression analyses were conducted adjusting for experience, discipline, and initial rank. These analyses showed no significant differences between White men and Women, Asian, or URM faculty. This indicates that it is appropriate to include rank in the regression equations predicting salary. Normative progression is defined in the Progression Matrix.
School Level
Analyses at the school level yield a range of results. When controlling for experience, department within the school, and rank, salary differences are, for the most part, similar to that of the campus as a whole, but there are some exceptions.
General Campus Summary
In summary, we found no evidence for systemic inequity in salary associated with gender and/or ethnicity among faculty at the campus level. However this study does highlight several areas for further evaluation including understanding factors contributing to low representation of women and minority faculty in the higher ranks and steps. Progression rates through the ranks should also be further examined.


This technology brief is the first in a four-part series that explores artificial intelligence (AI) applications within the criminal justice system. This first brief frames AI, defines common AI terms, and offers a mental model for identifying AI use cases within the criminal justice system. While this brief provides examples of how AI might bring significant benefit to the criminal justice system, it also highlights risks that decision makers should consider when developing or deploying AI tools. Additional briefs provide greater consideration of AI in law enforcement, the criminal courts system, and corrections.


Abstract
During the initial avascular phase of solid tumour growth, it is the balance between cell proliferation and cell loss that determines whether the tumour colony expands or regresses. Experimentalists have identified two distinct mechanisms that contribute to cell loss. These are apoptosis and nicrosis. cell loss due to apoptosis may be riferred to as programmed-cell-death, occurring,for example, when a cell exceeds its natural lifespan. In contrast, cell loss due to necrosis is induced by changes in the cells microenvironment,occurring, for example, in nutrient-depleted regions of the tumour. In this paper we present a mathematical model that describes the growth of an avascular tumour which compuises a centual core of necrotic cells, surrounded by an outer annulus of puoliferating cells. The model distinguishes between apoptisis and necrosis. Using a combination of numerical and analytical techniques we present results which suggest how the relative importance of apoptisis and necrosis changes as the tumour develops. The implications of these results are discussed briefly.
Keywords Cell loss Avascular tumour Micronenvironment Apoptosis


Abstract
Scholars have documented numerous examples of how liberals and conservatives differ in considering public policy. Recent work in political psychology has sought to understand these differences by detailing the ways in which liberals and conservatives approach political and social issues. In their moral foundations theory, Haidt and Joseph contend the divisions between liberals and conservatives are rooted in different views of morality. They demonstrate that humans consistently rely on five moral foundations. Two of these foundations-harm and fairness-are often labeled the individualizing foundations, as they deal with the role of individuals within social groups; the remaining three foundations-authority, ingroup loyalty, and purity-are the binding foundations as they pertain to the formation and maintenance of group bonds. Graham, Haidt, and Nosek demonstrate that liberals tend to disproportionately value the individualizing foundations, whereas conservatives value all five foundations equally. We extend this line of inquiry by examining whether different types of liberals and conservatives value the moral foundations to varying degrees. Using survey data (n=745), we rely on a mixed-mode latent class analysis and identify six ideological classes that favor unique social and fiscal policy positions. While most of the respondents belonging to these classes self-identify as conservative, they endorse the moral foundations in varying degrees. Since our findings demonstrate considerable heterogeneity with respect to ideology and moral preferences, we conclude by encouraging scholars to consider this heterogeneity in detailing the motivational and psychological foundations of ideological belief.


When a company files bankruptcy, secured and unsecured creditors are often caught off-guard and must quickly determine how to react and the likely financial impact. With FDP’s assistance, secured and unsecured creditors will understand their financial position in bankruptcy, out-of-court reorganization, or other liquidation scenarios. FDP validates the strategies and financial forecast developed by the debtor company's financial advisors. In addition, FDP relies upon our restructuring expertise to assess the situation and work with all the parties in the capital structure to arrive at optimal outcomes for all parties involved. FDP has a bench of highly experienced restructuring professionals with proven track records of success in dealing with companies in distress.