The development of new technologies over the past several years has resulted in the production of vast amounts of natural gas and oil in the US and Canada. These developments will transform the global economy over the next few decades as tactical obstacles facing the US companies are resolved (i.e., Oil export ban, Keystone pipeline, and insufficient natural gas pipelines). In the meantime, domestic markets are affected by a growing glut of domestic crude oil and natural gas as well as recent concerns about transporting Bakken shale-derived crude oil by rail.
These obstacles provide opportunity to the investor as the share prices of refineries ("Marathon Petroleum Corporation (NYSE:MPC)", "Valero Energy Corporation (NYSE:VLO)") and chemical companies ("The Dow Chemical Company (NYSE:DOW)") continue to rise in the face of cheap feedstock. In a similar manner, the transition of coal-fired power plants to natural gas without sufficient transportation infrastructure has created a supply issue. In the northeastern United States this has resulted in a 25% spike in the spot price of natural gas since November. These forces have combined to induce a nice appreciation in the share price of a couple of companies focused on domestic natural gas transportation ("Spectra Energy Partners, LP (NYSE:SEP)", "The Williams Companies, Inc (NYSE:WMB)") which augments their above average dividend yields of 4.6% and 4.0%, respectively. These two companies are fairly priced relative to their book value (2 and 5,respectively) and provide above average dividends.
Ticker Stock Div. P/E P/B D/E Ratio Operating Margin b WMB Williams & Companies 4.0% 34 5 119 20% 1.4 SEP Spectra Energy Partners 4.6% 13 2 110 46% 0.5 Spectra Energy Partners, LP is a Master Limited Partnership with access to or ownership of nearly 13,000 miles of natural gas pipelines and storage facilities from the in the eastern United States, covering regions from the Gulf coast up the eastern seaboard to Nova Scotia. Their natural gas pipelines connect the remote areas of natural gas production with high-demand markets. The Texas Eastern, East Tennessee and Algonquin transmission pipelines can transport 6.7 Bcf/d of natural gas from Texas and the Gulf Coast to the northeastern United States and beyond to Nova Scotia. Furthermore, SEP has created 150 billion cubic feet of natural gas storage, and approximately 5 million barrels of crude oil storage. Not to be ignored are their 1,700 miles of crude oil pipeline (Express-Platte) which originate in the Bakken formation and transport to crude oil refineries in the Midwest. The recent concern that Bakken-derived crude oil may require special processing prior to shipping by rail may further enhance the value of this particular asset.
Spectra Energy Partners, LP obtains approximately 90% of its revenue from transport and storage of its customer's products. The cash flow derived from these long-term contracts reduces the risk for a stock with a 4.6 % yield and a significant potential for growth.
The Williams Companies, Inc. is another player which appears to be well-positioned to meet the natural gas pipeline demands based on pipeline infrastructure which is overlapping and complementary to SEP. This company owns or operates significant infrastructure with 15,000 miles of natural gas pipelines. On a single day last December, the Company stated that its Transco pipeline delivered sufficient gas to heat nearly 50 million U.S. homes in an area stretching from Mississippi to New York City. This pipeline and its recent Northeast Supply Link were designed specifically to connect Marcellus natural gas supplies direct to nearby customers in Pennsylvania, New Jersey and New York.
WMB also derives much of its revenue comes from transport and processing of its customer's products. The cash flow derived from these long-term contracts reduces the risk from a stock with a 4.0 % yield and a significant potential for growth.
The author conducts thorough research as a basis for the opinions provided within this article. Do not invest without first doing your own research.
Disclosure: I am long WMB, . I wrote this article myself, and it expresses my own opinions. I am not receiving compensation for it (other than from Seeking Alpha). I have no business relationship with any company whose stock is mentioned in this article.


This paper outlines broad changes in foreign ownership in Canada over the last forty years. It makes use of several different but complementary data sources that are produced by Statistics Canada to analyze the importance of foreign ownership in Canada. Over the last four decades, foreign multinationals that are operating in Canada have experienced first, a retrenchment and then, a resurgence in their activities. This retrenchment occurred during the period when foreign investment was tightly regulated and could be found across most industries, but was particularly evident in the energy and mining sector. The resurgence that has occurred subsequent to the introduction of a more liberal regulatory regime was also relatively widespread, though there are several sectors like the science-based and energy industries where this has not occurred.


The slowdown in net direct tax collection has begun to hurt with figures released for April-October showing the rate of growth dipping below 30%. Net direct tax collections during the first seven months of the fiscal, up to October 2008, stood at Rs 166,905 crore, registering a growth of 29.52% as against 43% recorded during same period last year.
Fears are being expressed of a shortfall in the projected tax collection of Rs 4 lakh crore this fiscal. The budget estimate of Rs 3.65 lakh was revised upwards following booming economic trends in the beginning of this year.
However, the global meltdown also had its impact on the direct tax collection with the real estate, infrastructure, cement, automobile, power, textile and downstream oil companies facing the maximum heat. The advance tax collection from these sectors had the greatest fall. Positive growth was shown in mining, mineral, metal, engineering, Indian banking, telecom, IT, pharma and consumer goods sectors.
According to finance ministry figures released on Thursday, corporate taxes grew by 33.49% to Rs 105,174 crore from Rs 78,785 crore last year, while personal tax, including FBT, STT and BCTT, grew at 23.14% to Rs 61,433 crore.
The erosion in share values had a direct impact on revenue with the collection registering a negative growth for the first time. Continued hammering of stocks in the bourses hit the collection of Security Transaction Tax (STT) which was lowest in the last three years ever since it was introduced in 2005.


“I will do everything in my power to drive, build and pursue progress and change.”
Student Post - February 23, 2015 - When you hear a sentence like this out of context, it is difficult to extract its true significance. However, after only a couple days at the summer startup program Draper University, it’s easy to understand the importance of such a phrase, and it becomes even more meaningful taken in context with Draper University's Superhero Oath.
Not Your Everyday Pledge of Allegiance
Every morning at Draper University's summer startup program, we recite the Superhero Oath as a class. To "pursue progress and change" is only one of the lines in the oath, and we stand by each and every line not only during the program, but also long after the program as we return to "the real world."
The Superhero Oath is not part of your typical summer startup program, but that's because Draper University is far from typical. Tim Draper, seasoned venture capitalist and founder of DFJ and Draper University, is a heroic leader and true agent for change. His investment successes include Hotmail, Skype, Tesla Motors, and Baidu, and his eccentric personality makes him the perfect headmaster for a unique summer startup program like DU.
Pursue Progress and Change, Forever
Over the last few weeks at Draper University, we were given many challenging tasks geared at thinking 10X and stepping out of our comfort zones. While most summer startup programs promote creativity within their students, Draper University goes the true distance by
constantly empowering us. As a group, we are always reminded to “do everything in our power to drive, build, and pursue progress and change” - not just during our time at DU but in our everyday lives, forever.
During my first few days at DU, I remember questioning the Superhero Oath. However, as a student half way through the program, everything we do - all the remarkable speaker presentations & mentorships we receive - bring everything full circle so it really hits home. I can honestly say, at the age of 26, a pivotal point in one’s life, attending any summer startup program is a good idea; however
attending Draper University is a life-changing idea. The network, education, experience, and location are all top-notch and it certainly lives up to its founders' past successes.
~Guest post by Eric Gursky who is from New York and was part of DU’s Summer 2014 Class.


Dear friends of MNW,
We believe that the core work of Montessori Northwest to prepare and support Montessori practitioners has never been more urgent than it is now. Schools across the nation are contacting us with a universal concern: the demand for Montessori education is growing faster than the supply of well-prepared teachers.
In 2015 we responded to that concern with an unprecedented expansion to serve Washington and California communities beyond our current programs here in Oregon. This was an exciting challenge for our organization to significantly increase the number of individuals, schools and communities that we serve, while still maintaining the highest quality programs that MNW is known for.
Our tuition and fees cover approximately 80% of our expenses and the remaining amount is raised from supporters just like you. Perhaps you are a MNW alumni who is experiencing a rewarding Montessori career every day, or perhaps you simply believe that more families should have access to great Montessori programs. We asked our community members to share why they support MNW’s work. We were genuinely overwhelmed by the responses and I look forward to sharing some of the highlights.
No matter the reason why you believe in MNW – you can be a part of this essential work. Please consider making a contribution.
On behalf of all of us at Montessori Northwest,
Jennifer Davidson, Executive Director


Start-ups find ideal conditions in Cologne. People who require expert advice on starting up a company quickly find what they need. As do those who are looking for co-working space.
The IHK and City of Cologne very specifically promote the foundation of new companies in the media sector. They offer sector-specific consulting and platforms for networking with other start-ups and established companies in the region.
Many other contact points are also available for start-ups which need advice. The Cologne location gains added dynamism from its wide range of co-working spaces and initiatives. These provide start-ups with the necessary space and the necessary infrastructure to develop, integrate them into existing networks and support them with consulting, seminars and workshops.
Young entrepreneurs consequently feel welcome in Cologne. Their fresh ideas help ensure the media metropolis on the Rhine remains an exciting location for creativity and innovation.


BACKGROUNDNocturnal hypoglycemia frequently occurs in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). It can be fatal and is believed to promote the development of the hypoglycemia-unawareness syndrome. Whether hypoglycemia normally provokes awakening from sleep in individuals who do not have diabetes, and whether this awakening response is impaired in T1DM… (More)


Abstract W MP88: Worsening Of Stroke Outcome With Age Is Associated With Increased Intestinal Permeability And Peripheral Inflammation Abstract Introduction: Aging remains the biggest risk factor for ischemic stroke. Initial observations into the role of aging on stroke outcome revealed that while aged mice had significantly smaller infarcts compared to young mice, they had greater long-term deficits in behavioral recovery. This study aimed to elucidate the role of systemic factors, such as intestinal stress, underlying the poor outcomes of aging mice after stroke. Methods: Young (8-12 wks) and aged (18-20 mos) wildtype mice were subjected to 90min of right middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) followed by reperfusion. Intestinal permeability was measured with 4kDa FITC-dextran gavage. Mesenteric lymph node (MLNs) homogenates were plated on blood agar to measure bacterial growth. Bacterial endotoxin was measured using a LAL assay. Flow cytometry was used to assess immune cells. Plasma IL-6 was measured by ELISA. Results: Baseline gut permeability increased with age as evidenced by increased FITC-dextran extravasation across the intestinal lumina. Bacterial burden in MLNs and serum bacterial endotoxin levels were also elevated with age (p<0.05). These deficits were severely exaggerated by MCAO. A 200-fold increase was observed in the number of colony forming units in the MLNs of aged stroked mice compared to young (p<0.001). MHC II expression was enhanced on dendritic cells in aged MLNs and CD69 expression increased on circulating T-cells (p<0.05). Activated T-cells comprised the majority of infiltrating leukocytes in the ischemic hemisphere at 7 days post-stroke. This delayed recruitment of T-cells was associated with a 50% greater mortality of aged mice compared to young by 7 days. Plasma IL-6, a marker for sepsis, increased similarly at 6hr after MCAO in young and aged mice, but remained elevated in aged mice at 72hrs (p<0.05). Aged mice had lower body temperatures at 72hrs post-stroke (p<0.01). Conclusion: Our data suggest that the high mortality in aged mice after stroke is secondary to exacerbation of intestinal permeability, increased bacterial translocation, and subsequent induction of sepsis. This data points to gut-targeted interventions as a means to reduce the severity of peripheral inflammation and improve prognosis in aged stroke victims.
Author Disclosures:
J. Crapser:None. R. Ritzel:None. S. Doran:None. E. Koellhoffer:None. A. Patel:None. B. Friedler:None. R. Verma:None. L. McCullough:None. © 2015 by American Heart Association, Inc.


About-
Jurgen Moltmann and others contend that Christian theology and the church face a dual crisis--one of relevance and the other of identity. Despite making this pronouncement nearly forty years ago, the church in the West continues to struggle with this crisis. Several proposals have been espoused, from the way of wisdom to the way of ecclesial praxis. Yet, little attention is given in Protestant theological discourse to the role God's beauty plays in bringing theology and ethics together. By neglecting God's beauty for theological discourse, we risk diminishing Christian worship, witness, and wisdom.
God's Beauty-in-Act addresses these issues, in part, by arguing that the redemptive-creative suffering and glorious resurrection of Christ are the nexus of God's being, beauty, and Christian living. God's beauty, understood as the fittingness of the incarnate Son's actions in the Spirit to the Father's will, radiates God's glory and draws perceivers into the dramatic movements of God's triune life. These movements serve as the patterns that shape the imagination, enabling participants to perform their parts creatively and fittingly in God's drama of redemption. In doing so, human beings flourish as they jettison false identities and realities of their own making that are incommensurate with God's purpose found in Christ by the Spirit.


Essential Amino Acids!
L-Lysine is one of 9 essential amino acids that cannot be made in the body. It is the basic raw material for carnitine synthesis. L-Proline can be made in the body, but low protein/vegetarian diets may not always promote optimal l-proline production. L-lysine and l-proline amino acids are the precursors of hydroxylsine (HL), and hydroxyproline (HP), two constituents of collagen. Collagen is an essential cpmponent of arterial linings.
Vitamin C, a strong antioxidant, is also essential for the production of collagen. Hawthorn berry and grape seed extract are potent natural antioxidants due to their high levels of proanthocyanidin. These proanthocyanidin-esters are excellent free radical scavengers.
Supplement Facts:
Serving size: 4 tablets
Servings per container: 30
Ingredients: (per serving) Vitamin C (from ascorbate and magnesium ascorbate) - 1147 mg, Calcium (from calcium ascorbate) - 66 mg, Magnesium (from magnesium ascorbate) - 46 mg, L-lysine (from 1,374 mg of free-form, crystalline l-lysine hydrochloride) - 1.1 grams, L-proline - 1.1 grams, Grape see extract (Proanthodyn) with a Procyanidolic vlaue of 95 - 100 mg, Hawthorne berry extract - 100 mg.
Other ingredients: Sorbitol, stearic acid, micro-crystalline cellulose, colloidal silicon dioxide, and magnesium stearate.
Suggested use: 2 to 4 tablets daily with meals.
275 mg/275 mg - 120 tablets
*These statements have not been evaluated by the FDA. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure
or prevent any disease. Nutritional benefits may vary from one person to another.


Fluoride is a mineral that occurs naturally in many water sources, with average concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 10 ppm, according to Virginia's Community Colleges. Since 1945, municipal agencies in the U.S. have added sodium fluoride to public water in an attempt to improve oral health. While the American Dental Association and other health agencies endorse fluoridation, fluoride levels must be monitored carefully to avoid potential negative health effects associated with high concentrations.
Improved Dental Health
According to the American Dental Association, adding sodium fluoride to water supplies helps to prevent and reverse tooth decay by 20 to 40 percent. Fluoride strengthens enamel and helps to prevent tooth root decay in people of all ages, but it provides the most significant benefits for children.
Reduced Dental Expenses
Virginia's Community Colleges estimate that for every $1 spent adding sodium fluoride to the water, people in the U.S. reduce dental expenses by $50. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention report on research in Scotland, which found that fluoridation results in a 49 to 54 percent reduction in dental expenses for young children. Given that roughly half of dental expenses are paid for out of pocket, according to the CDC, reduced dental spending represents a benefit to both individuals and society as a whole.
Potential for Fluorosis
The average municipality aims to keep sodium fluoride levels at 1 ppm or below according to Virginia's Community Colleges. At levels of 2 to 13 ppm, a condition known as fluorosis may occur. Fluorosis is characterized by brown stains and mottling on the surface of the teeth. This condition is largely an aesthetic issue and does not impact dental health, but it cannot be reversed without cosmetic treatment.
Risk of Skeletal Issues
The consumption of high levels of fluoride can lead to a condition known as skeletal fluorosis. Excess fluoride can build up in and around the bones of the body, contributing to pain, stiffness and even calcification, which can impact mobility. Skeletal fluorosis is primarily a problem in areas with naturally high levels of fluoride, such as India, the Middle East and Asia. To avoid skeletal fluorisis in the U.S., municipal agents must test water carefully to avoid adding excess sodium fluoride to areas that have naturally high fluoride levels.
Hypothyroidism
Some critics of fluoridation believe that the addition of sodium fluoride to water contributes to or exacerbates existing thyroid conditions. Though evidence supporting this theory is limited, a 2005 study by the International Society for Fluoride Research found that sodium fluoride restricts thyroid activity in laboratory animals.


Offshoring the production process to Mexico can be difficult for businesses if they don't utilize shelter companies. From providing expert guidance regarding Mexican tax and labor laws to securing a home for the fabrication process in industrial parks, shelter companies understand every aspect of the offshoring process. With many manufacturers starting to focus on flexibility within their operational practices and assembly processes, there is an increasing need for businesses to invest in adaptable strategies. Shelter companies allow manufacturers to maintain flexibility regarding their supply chain and operations while also offering businesses unique opportunities regarding their location and building choices.
Demand rising for supply chains and operations to be adaptive According to MIT Sloan Management Review, it is becoming increasingly important for manufacturers to maintain supply chain flexibility. While many businesses look to reduce their production costs while still providing high-quality goods, fluctuating fuel prices are causing manufacturers to seek ways for their logistics to be adaptive. However, this can become difficult when the issue is centered in another country.
Sloan Management Review reported volatile fuel prices are not the only supply chain disruptions. Weather patterns can result in delayed delivery times, causing many manufacturers to quickly change their logistical strategies.
When a company is offshoring their production process to another county, these challenges become more complicated to handle from a remote location. Even if the county is geographically close to the U.S. like Mexico is, businesses can have difficulties with communication down the supply chain if there aren't dedicated employees on the ground to handle the situation. According to Manufacturing Business Technology, technology is allowing manufacturers to improve their communication with employees in another country in real time. However, manufacturers still need to be flexible with their interactions during a crisis.
Shelter companies not only understand the Mexican workforce but are also able to provide experience that can help businesses navigate changing conditions. Manufacturing Business Technology reported that success now depends on staying adaptable and streamlining business operations. The website suggested that companies need to collaborate with global partners to optimize the supply chain and quality of goods.
Location, factory benefits of shelter company assistance Expanding to Mexico without the assistance of a shelter company offers businesses few benefits due to the large investment in finding the factory's location and establishing a logistical supply chain. Offshoring becomes more manageable when manufacturers use an experienced shelter company to assist them.
Many businesses may think they will be unable to choose their preferred building size and location as well as feature options if they decide to employ a shelter company. However, shelter companies provide manufacturers with information regarding optimal plant locations in the country, such as in Guaymas and Empalme, Sonora, and Saltillo, Coahuila. Businesses are still able to have a say regarding the establishment of their production process in Mexico
The manufacturing industry is moving toward flexible logistical and operational strategies to better adapt the changing supply chain challenges while still reducing costs. With Mexico becoming the top offshoring destination for many manufacturers, using an experienced shelter company can offer a wealth of benefits.


Eye Health for Babies, Children & Teenagers
Babies, children and teenagers have different eye health needs than adults. Some problems, like amblyopia, that can be treated in babies and young children, become irreversible once a child is older. Once a child's best eyesight is established, it's crucial to protect their sight from injury, bad habits like smoking or other poor choices.


Justice has been an urgent concern of twentieth-century hymn writers, but are they the first to place such an emphasis on it? In Let Justice Sing, Paul Westermeyer offers an answer with the hope that it will stimulate dialogue, future studies, and an understanding of the past that can be applied to the present.
Let Justice Sing explores the content, context, and importance of justice within the warp and woof" of hymnody. By analyzing these aspects and past hymnic repertoires, it suggests to the Church and others who wish to join the moral deliberation it presumes, that not only have Christians always sung about justice, but the message transcends the messengers.
The perspective and dialogue fostered by Let Justice Sing is directed to students in college or seminary courses where hymnody, Church music, or ethics is the topic; adults in forums or classes where questions about music and justice arise; and anyone with an interest in hymnody, justice, or the relationship between the two.
Chapters are "Content: The Twentieth Century": "Content: Before the Twentieth Century, I"; "Content: Before the Twentieth Century, II"; "Context"; and "Hymnody and Justice."
Paul Westermeyer, PhD, is Professor of Church Music at Luther Seminary, St. Paul, Minnesota. He teaches, directs music, and administers a master of sacred music degree program with St. Olaf College. His writing includes numerous articles and books."


The Housing Opportunities for Persons With AIDS (HOPWA) program, which has been operating under the same statute and regulations as established in 1992, is changing to reflect current HIV Epidemic trends with the passing and signing of Public Law 114-201. This new law includes modernization of the HOPWA formula, along with provisions related to other HUD programs. This page provides HUD guidance on HOPWA modernization.
If your community has specific concerns about HOPWA modernization – or HOPWA in general, including program operations, reporting, or eligible activities – the HOPWA "Ask a Question" desk is open for you.
This notice explains the changes to the HOPWA program resulting from the passing and signing of the Housing Opportunity Through Modernization Act (HOTMA), Public Law 114-201. HOTMA amended the HOPWA statute to modernize the HOPWA allocation formula, address administrative provisions, and add certain program definitions. The notice details how the HOTMA provisions will impact HOPWA formula allocations for Fiscal Year (FY) 2017 and subsequent years. In addition, the notice outlines the changes to the HOPWA program that became effective when HOTMA was signed into law on July 29, 2016, and the changes that require HUD to undertake rulemaking to implement. The notice does not provide details on the HOPWA formula allocations for FY 2017. Exact allocations for jurisdictions will not be available until a federal budget is passed.
Date Published: November 2016
This message includes frequently asked questions about the modernization of the HOPWA formula.
Date Published: October 2016


Abstract
Mechanosensitive channels rescue bacterial cells from a fate of lysis when they transfer from a high- to low-osmolarity environment. Of three Escherichia coli mechanosensitive proteins studied to date, only MscS-Ec demonstrates a small anionic preference and a desensitized, nonconducting state under sustained pressure. Little is known about the mechanisms generating these distinctive properties. Eliminating the sole positive charge in the MscS-Ec pore region (Arg88) did not alter anionic preference. Adding positive charges at either end of the pore did not augment anionic preference, and placing negative charges within the pore did not diminish it. Thus, pore charges do not control this characteristic. However, from this analysis we identified mutations in the hinge region of the MscS-Ec pore helix (at Gly113) that profoundly affected ability of the channel to desensitize. Substitution with nonpolar (Ala, Pro) or polar (Asp, Arg, Ser) residues inhibited transition to the desensitized state. Interestingly, Gly113 replaced with Met did not impede desensitization. Thus, although Gly is not specifically required at position 113, MscS desensitization is strongly influenced by the residue situated here. Mutations at residues further into the pore also regulated desensitization. Transition to this unique mechanosensitive channel state is discussed in terms of existing data.


BACKGROUNDPeriodontitis (PD) is a known risk factor for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and there is increasing evidence that the link between the two diseases is due to citrullination by the unique bacterial peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) enzyme expressed by periodontal pathogen Pophyromonas gingivalis (PPAD). However, the precise mechanism by which PPAD… (More)


An infected tooth may require root canal treatment [clearing out and decontaminating the interior]. The root canal bends, branches and tapers in a different way within each of our premolars, presenting a significant challenge to the dental surgeon. Pictured are 3-D micro-CT scans of five premolars (four lower jaw and one upper, each viewed from two angles) that reveal the thickness of the dentin wall remaining after excavation. Mapping a tooth’s internal curves and contours like this helps the dentist visualise which root canals have been successfully enlarged, without over-thinning the wall and compromising tooth survival. Thick layers of dentin are depicted in purple, while red highlights areas that may be too thin. Matching dental anatomy with the best excavation technique could greatly improve the success of root canal treatment.
Written by Roz Pidcock
BPoD stands for Biomedical Picture of the Day. Managed by the MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (the new name for the MRC Clinical Sciences Centre) the website aims to engage everyone, young and old, in the wonders of biomedicine. Images are kindly provided for inclusion on this website through the generosity of scientists across the globe.


Understanding the environment is key to ensuring our quality of life. Environmental Studies at CSUSM seeks to help students understand issues such as climate change, air pollution, land use, water quality and energy. An urgent need exists for professionals with a well-balanced knowledge and understanding of critical environmental issues to support their decision-making and best practices. Prepare yourself for a career in the environmental field with CSUSM.
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APPEAL from the Circuit Court of Cook County; the Hon. LOUIS
H. GARIPPO, Judge, presiding.
MR. JUSTICE STAMOS DELIVERED THE OPINION OF THE COURT: Following a bench trial defendant Lloyd Otten was convicted of the delivery of a controlled substance (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1975, ch. 56 1/2, par. 1401(d)) and sentenced to serve not less than one nor more than 4 years. On appeal defendant contends that he was not proved guilty of delivering phencyclidine (PCP) and that the court erred in entering a finding of guilty after expressing doubts about the outcome.
The facts adduced at trial indicate that a controlled "buy" was set up by undercover police officers Helen Rusinskas and Linda Nelson. The officers met with their contacts, Wes Riley and Rich Word, in a motel room on December 17, 1976, at about 11 a.m. Riley counted the prearranged funds of $4,500 and then made a phone call. Defendant arrived about 25 minutes later, and, when asked by Word if he had brought the "tick" with him, defendant responded that he had not. Defendant noted the presence of police all over the area and suggested that they take a ride.
Defendant directed Nelson and Word to wait in the motel and he, Rusinskas and Riley left in a police undercover vehicle. At defendant's direction Rusinskas drove in an evasive manner until they parked at 5200 South La Porte. Riley left the car after a conversation with defendant and returned stating that a resident had questioned him about what he was doing as he opened the hood of the car. Defendant then left the vehicle and returned in several minutes.
Defendant directed Rusinskas to drive again and then to park in the 5100 block of South Lavergne across the street from defendant's vehicle. Riley then gave money to the defendant and after counting it, defendant told Riley to get the "tick" as he motioned to his car. Riley reached into the driver's side of the car, picked up a package and returned to the car with it tucked under this jacket. Defendant then walked across the street and Riley reentered the undercover vehicle and drove off with Rusinskas, who, in the meantime, had given the prearranged brake light signal that the sale had been completed. Riley gave the officer a package of 5 plastic bags containing a white powder which she put in her purse and later placed in a narcotics envelope for analysis. This was later admitted into evidence.
Officer Alvisu radioed the police team that he observed the signal indicating that the sale had been completed. He saw defendant walking toward his car and approached him. The defendant then fled on foot, and Officer Carter testified that he followed defendant through several gangways and observed him throw something on a garage roof. A bundle of money was later recovered from the roof where he observed defendant toss the object. After the chase, defendant was apprehended at a shoe store.
No serious question has been raised with regard to defendant's participation in this sequence of events, and the thrust of defendant's argument at trial and on appeal was directed to whether or not the State proved beyond a reasonable doubt that the substance was a Schedule III controlled substance. Section 401(d) provides that one who delivers any amount of a controlled substance classified in Schedule III in an amount less than 300 grams is guilty of a Class 3 felony (Ill. Rev. Stat. ch. 56 1/2, par. 1401(d)). The Controlled Substances Act states in pertinent part that:
"(a) The controlled substances listed in this section are included in Schedule III.
(c) Unless listed in another schedule, any material, compound, mixture or preparation which contains any of the following substances having a potential for abuse associated with a depressant effect on the central nervous system.
(10) Phencyclidine (PCP) * * *." (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1975, ch. 56 1/2, par. 1208(a)(c)(10).)
Defendant contends that the State failed to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant delivered (1) a Schedule III controlled substance, (2) a compound containing phencyclidine, or (3) a substance with a depressant effect on the central nervous system.
Testimony regarding the substance was elicited from three chemists. Gerald Pazin, a forensic chemist with the Chicago Police Department, testified that he analyzed the white powder which was delivered by the officers. He conducted two screening tests which produced a result consistent with the preliminary tests for phencyclidine. He then conducted an infrared test, which he described as a specific test, where a sample is purified by an extraction process and placed on an infrared spectrometer. A graph was produced which was compared against the standard in the Chicago Police Department for identification purposes of an unknown substance. The graph produced showed the match to be a positive identification of the white powder as phencyclidine. Mr. Pazin testified that this test is conclusive of the fact that the sample tested was phencyclidine. The powder was then dissolved in methanol and placed in the ultraviolet spectrometer. The graph produced was compared with the standard graphs obtained from published literature and knowledge from prior run standards. Based on these tests he concluded that the white powder was phencyclidine.
Robert Moriarity, a professor of chemistry, testified for the defendant. He stated that phencyclidine is a free base which, if treated with hydrochloric acid, forms a corresponding hydrochloride. This process produces two compounds with different chemical formulae. He also stated that there is a difference between the main compound and the optical isomer and that the four tests performed by the police chemist did not distinguish between the two compounds. He indicated that this could be done by measuring the optical rotation with the polar light. On cross-examination, Moriarity revealed that he had never analyzed phencyclidine. He also stated that the four tests performed were nonspecific tests, but that infrared analysis was more specific than ultraviolet analysis. He further stated that phencyclidine is a free base which will combine with an acid and form a salt. When it is combined with hydrochloric acid it converts to phencyclidine hydrochloride, which makes it water soluble but retains a phencyclidine base. He also stated that the phencyclidine base is not affected by the addition of hydrochloride or hydrobromide but the substance is converted to a totally different compound. In response to a question by the court, Mr. Moriarity stated that an isomer of phencyclidine would produce a reading similar to phencyclidine if subjected to infrared and ultraviolet tests. He stated that the spectrum, which was entered by the prosecution, generates a wave length for phencyclidine hydrochloride, which is a different compound from phencyclidine though both contain phencyclidine as a base.
Mr. Pazin was recalled as a rebuttal witness and testified that he analyzed the white powder with hydrochloric acid which turned the powder into phencyclidine hydrochloride. He described phencyclidine hydrochloride as a compound and a salt of phencyclidine, a material which contains phencyclidine. On cross-examination he stated that if you add hydrochloric acid to phencyclidine hydrochloride you would still have a salt, but if added to an unknown substance you would not know whether you started with the salt or not.
Terry Del Cason, a chemist employed by the Drug Enforcement Administration of the United States Department of Justice, testified in rebuttal that when hydrochloric acid is added to phencyclidine it does not change phencyclidine in such manner that it is no longer related to phencyclidine. He stated that phencyclidine is a tranquilizing drug originally intended as an anesthetic or analgesic. He further stated that if equal amounts of phencyclidine or phencyclidine hydrochloride were ...


This interactive activity from the NOVA details what aeronautical engineers must consider when designing an aircraft to avoid both human and electronic detection. It acknowledges that in the engineering design process there are necessary performance tradeoffs to achieving stealth, but in many cases the ability to evade enemy radar detection and missile defense systems is more valuable than speed.
This interactive activity requires Adobe Flash Player.
Visit the program page here.


Johannesburg - The price of 93 octane petrol would decreaseby 89 cents a litre on Wednesday, the energy department said on Friday.
A litre of 95 octane petrol would cost 85 cents less.
It would be sold at R10.82 a litre in Gauteng and at R10.47at the coast.
A litre of 93 octane petrol would cost R10.1097 in Gautengand R9.8627 at the coast.
The price of diesel with a 0.05 sulphur content would dropby 62.58 cents a litre. Diesel with a 0.005 percent sulphur content would godown by 61.58 cents a litre.
The wholesale price of illuminating paraffin would drop by58 cents a litre.
The single maximum national retail price for illuminatingparaffin would decrease by 77 cents a litre to reach R9,71, and the maximumretail price for LP Gas by R1.13 a kilogram to reach R19.12 at the coast andR20,94 in Gauteng.
The slate levy on petrol and diesel would decrease from10.96 cents a litre to 4.38 cents a litre.
Between June 1 and June 28, the average international pricesfor petrol, diesel and illuminating paraffin decreased.
However, the average rand/dollar exchange rate weakened whencompared to the previous month, at R8,4189 compared to R8, 1031 previously.
The rand's deterioration against the dollar increased thecontribution to the basic fuels price on petrol, diesel, and illuminatingparaffin by 22.18 cents a litre, 23.72 cents a litre, and 23.38 cents a litrerespectively.


Consumers in key emerging countries are optimistic about their own prospects this year, sustained by real income growth in most of these markets, and buttressed by high savings levels in some. Discretionary spending will continue to rise among the wealthy, but international brands will be the beneficiaries yet, local firms will prosper from strong demand for essential goods and services. Meanwhile, income disparities will widen further.
These were the main conclusions of Credit Suisse’s inaugural Emerging Consumer Survey released...


One of the many goals of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) is to ensure the proper and fair identification and discipline of students with disabilities between the ages of 3-21. In 2014, President Barack Obama launched the My Brother’s Keeper Task Force with a call to action to close opportunity gaps faced by male students of color, including addressing disciplinary issues among students of color.
However, analysis completed in February 2016 by the U.S. Department of Education (ED) revealed that students of color are being identified more frequently as having a disability, as well as receiving harsher discipline than white students, both in terms of frequency and the nature of discipline. In response to this disparity, ED released a proposed rule on Feb. 23, 2016, titled: Equity in IDEA.
The key requirements proposed in the rule affecting schools are as follows: States must implement a standard approach to determine whether significant disproportionality based on race and ethnicity is occurring in the identification of children with disabilities. States must address significant disproportionality in the incidence, duration, and type of disciplinary actions using the same statutory remedies required for the identification and placement of children with disabilities. Districts with significant disproportionality may use the 15 percent IDEA required set aside of Part B funds for children ages 3 through grade 12, with and without disabilities.
In issuing these proposed regulations, ED’s goals are: (1) to ensure that students with disabilities who need special education services receive them in the least restrictive settings; and (2) to ensure that children who do not have disabilities and do not need special education services are not inappropriately identified. The proposed rulemaking has not been posted on the Federal Register, but will be subject to public notice and comment for 75 days after the date of publication in the Federal Register.


This article discusses how parenting a ‘young offender’ involves specific additional responsibilities for parents who are already under scrutiny for apparently not taking their parenting responsibilities seriously. With reference to empirical data, three specific parental tasks are considered: managing the family's involvement in the youth justice system, waiting on ‘standby’ for police and schools, and reporting the child's offences to the police. In doing so, this article highlights the ways in which gender is implicated, and performs a regulatory function, in the day-to-day lives of mothers and fathers who are parenting a ‘troublesome’ child.


This chapter explores the emergent digital dimension of contemporary Western mourning, by utilising a historical framework and a postmodern, post-disciplinary and practice theory lens, in order to critically discuss how the ruptures of loss and the presence of the dead are radically manifesting in the digital age. We begin with a contextual overview of the historical landscape of mourning, its perceived decline and the twentieth century gaze toward private grief, before proceeding to introduce the paradigm of continuing bonds and the social presence of the dead.
From this contextualisation, the chapter then introduces twenty-first century digital mourning through a discussion of the emergent practices which curate and create the spectral presence of the dead online. We argue that mourning has not collapsed, but is radically manifest in ways currently unaccounted for and invisible within the dominant filter of memorialisation. Finally, we introduce a range of potential implications and challenges that will be faced by HCI researchers and designers of systems supporting the ‘End of Life’, by highlighting the emerging socio-cultural complexity in need of consideration when designing technologies for bereavement support.


The 2nd Edition of Nursing Health Assessment: A Best Practice Approach includes comprehensive discussions of interviewing, physical assessment, health promotion, and documentation for each specific topic. It presents strategies for adapting questions and techniques when communication is challenging, responses are unexpected, or a patient's condition changes over time. Content helps to teach and reinforce knowledge; unique features and narrative structures assist students with application and analysis, enhancing critical thinking and better preparing them for practice. "Real-life" progressive case studies provide additional data and variations that challenge students to modify responses. They allow students to progressively build and synthesize knowledge. Other distinctive features include (1) an emphasis on health promotion, risk factor reduction, evidence-based thinking, and diagnostic reasoning; (2) distinctions between common techniques and specialty/advanced skills; (3) a two-column format emphasizing techniques/findings and how to differentiate normal findings from variations and abnormalities; and (4) emphasis on knowledge application and analysis.


The term
homo economicus, or ‘economic man’, denotes a view of humans in the social sciences, particularly economics, as self-interested agents who seek optimal, utility-maximizing outcomes. Behavioral economists and most psychologists, sociologists, and anthropologists are critical of the concept. People are not always self-interested, nor do they have consistent preferences or be mainly concerned about maximizing benefits and minimizing costs. We may make decisions with insufficient knowledge, feedback, and processing capability (bounded rationality); we overlook and are constrained by uncertainty; and our preferences change, often in response to changes in context and to noting others’ preferences.
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Drought Outlook, September-November 2011
On September 1, NOAA’s Climate Prediction Center issued an updated fall drought outlook for September through November 2011. Shown in the map above, the outlook provided little hope that the extreme and exceptional drought that has parched much of the southern United States throughout the summer would weaken significantly. Drought is expected to persist and expand from the Southwest eastward into the interior Southeast by the end of November.
Reddish-brown indicates areas where drought is likely to persist or worsen. Areas of tan indicate where drought is likely to persist but see some improvement, and darker green indicates areas where drought is likely to improve and its impacts ease. Light green indicates places where drought conditions are likely to develop.
The NOAA seasonal drought outlooks are based on numerous climate and weather indicators, including the official precipitation outlooks, various medium- and short-range forecasts, soil moisture tools, and climatology statistics.
For more on dry conditions in summer 2011, see Drought in the Southern United States.
Based on data from the NOAA Climate Prediction Center’s Seasonal Drought Outlook.


July 23, 2009
I am writing to express my opinion regarding the proposed amendments to Rule 206(4)-2, the Custody Rule. Like many Investment Advisory Firms, my firm custodies its assets at qualified custodians, and has access to the funds only through our ability to debit authorized fees directly from client accounts. Our clients receive statements directly from the custodian, and those statements fully disclose the deduction of the advisory fee.
The cost to small business firms such as mine of paying for an independent surprise audit not only adds an unreasonable financial burden but will do nothing to enhance investor confidence or the safety of investor funds. When advisors have no access to client funds except through third-party fee custodian collection the client is already protected from advisor abuse targeted by this amendment. I suggest that this aspect of the current proposal be revised to exempt this scenario. I, along with many of my peers in the industry, work hard to build ethical businesses with high compliance standards, and I think that a false sense of security will be created along with undue burden to advisors if we are required to provide this audit.
Respectfully,
Larry McDonald
President Tricord Investment Advisors, Inc.


What is the nature of athletic performance? This book offers an answer to this fascinating question by considering the relationship between sport, technology and the body. Specifically, it examines cultural resistance to the enhancement of athletes and explores the ways in which performance technologies complicate and confound our conception of the sporting body. The book addresses concerns about the technological "invasion" of the "natural" body to investigate expectations that athletic performances reflect nothing more than the actual capacity of the untainted athlete. By examining a series of case studies, including Paralympic sprinter Oscar Pistorius, Fastskin swimsuits, hypoxic chambers and an array of illicit substances and methods, the book distinguishes between internal and external technologies to highlight the ways that performance enhancement, and public reaction to it, can be read. Sport, Technology and the Body offers a powerful challenge to conventional views of athletic performance that stand authenticity against artifice, integrity against corruption, and athletic purity against technological intrusion. It is essential reading for all serious students of the sociology, culture or ethics of sport.


Cities Alive: Towards a walking world highlights the significant social, economic, environmental and political benefits of walking.
The Cities Alive workshop cards are designed to explore issues that will shape the future of cities.
A publication exploring trends and scenarios for the future of urban water utilities in 2040.
A research programme and report, which explores the future of green infrastructure in the design and function of cities.
Why is this important? Collaborative consumption, micro-preneurs and “reputational capital” should be interesting to anyone thinking about how to support city systems that engage citizens. Reputational capital is about power, trust and influence.


Warehouse Management has the largest share among all the logistics activities. There are crucial factors in play for reducing logistics costs, and these entail a successful warehouse management, feeding the sales points at planned times and a high level of accuracy in preparing inventory and orders.
Ekol is engaged in research and development for lowering resource utilization through redesigning the processes by employing its technical know-how and experience. Increasing, by the use of IT infrastructure, the number of variables under its control and considering its human resources as a qualified resource that controls and improves the automation system designs, rather than a raw labor force in the field, Ekol strives, with control systems offering perfect efficiency in collecting inventories and orders as well as distribution, to minimize relative losses which may arise due to lost sales, rather than to minimize all resource consumption within the framework of warehouse management. In this respect, Ekol demonstrates a high level approach based on end-user satisfaction cost.
Ekol does not evaluate warehousing strategy solely on the basis of input cost but rather offers customized solutions for its customers based on consumer evaluations and works hard to become a business partner for its customers, ultimately contributing to their brand values.


Seyfarth Synopsis : A new NLRB decision that attempts to define further the boundaries of protected speech under the NLRA.
In Laborers’ International Union of North America and Mantell, Case No. 03-CB-136940 (NLRB September 7, 2016) the initial question in the case was whether the Union restrained or coerced Frank Mantell in the exercise of a Section 7 right.
The initial question raises another question of whether Mantell engaged in any activity protected by Section 7. Mantell’s Facebook posts concerned perceived unfairness affecting apprentices. Mantell was a journeyman, however, not an apprentice.
Mantell, who was a member of the Union Local 91, posted comments on a Facebook page that criticized the Union for allowing a Niagara Falls city councilman, running for mayor, to obtain a journeyman’s book. The Facebook page was accessible to about 4,000 people, some of whom were members of Local 91.
Local 91’s Business Manager, Richard Palladino, filed internal charges against Mantell. The Union’s executive board conducted a trial on the charges focused on the Facebook posts. The executive board found Mantell guilty of the charges and made a decision to fine Martell $5,000 and suspend his membership for 24 months. This decision was ratified at a monthly Union membership meeting. The Union removed Mantell from the hiring hall’s out-of-work list the next day. Mantell then appealed the decision to the International Union. The International subsequently informed Local 91 that it needed to dismiss the charges against Mantell.
The NLRB Administrative Law Judge (ALJ) noted that the National Labor Relations Act Section 7 provides that, “employees shall have the right to self-organization, to form, join, or assist labor organizations, to bargain collectively through representatives of their own choosing, and to engage in other concerted activities for the purpose of collective bargaining or other mutual aid or protection.”
The ALJ found that Mantell’s Facebook posts were protected under the Act. The decision noted that “issuing a journeyman’s book to someone allegedly ineligible to receive one, affected Mantell in that one more journeyman would arguably impact his opportunities for employment.” As seen in
NLRB v. Peter Cailler Kohler Swiss Chocolate Co., 130 F.2d 503, 505-506 (2d Cir. 1942), employees raising concerns about a common cause with fellow employees are, in fact, engaged in protected activity. “Even though the immediate quarrel may not concern them they may be assured that if their ‘turn ever comes,’ they will have the support of those they are then helping.”
The ALJ also rejected the Union’s assertion that Mantell forfeited his protection of the Act by maliciously defaming the Union and the Business Manager. The Union complained that one of Mantell’s comment, in which he suggested that gifts were being given the person running for mayor, was untrue. However, the ALJ concluded that nothing Mantell said in his Facebook posts was maliciously and knowingly untrue,
citing MasTec Advance Technologies, 357 NLRB 103, 107 (2011), and allowing the protection of the Act to remain intact.
For more information on this or any related topic please contact the authors, your Seyfarth attorney, or any member of the Labor & Employee Relations Team.


The Atkins diet is a low-carbohydrate weight loss program that allows you to eat a variety of proteins such as meat, fish and eggs while minimizing your carbohydrate intake. Although this type of dietary plan may aid in weight loss, you may experience side effects such as constipation due to decreased fiber intake from foods such as whole grain breads and other grains discouraged on the Atkins diet. If you experience constipation, your doctor may recommend a laxative such as MiraLax.
Causes
If you suffer from constipation, your bowel movements will come less than three times weekly. Low fiber intake in your diet may cause this to occur, but you may have constipation for other reasons. Lack of physical activity and dehydration could lead to fewer bowel movements. Certain medications may also cause constipation, and conditions of the intestines such as irritable bowel syndrome could also result in fewer bowel movements.
MiraLax
Your doctor may recommend MiraLax or other laxative to help regulate your bowel movements. This product comes in powder form that you must mix with water. Unless otherwise directed, you should not use MiraLax longer than two weeks, since this medication may have addictive properties. You should talk to your doctor before you begin taking this medication or any other laxative, and your doctor can help you determine if MiraLax offers your best form of treatment.
Side Effects
Laxatives such as MiraLax do not interfere with diet plans such as the Atkins diet, but this medication could result in side effects. You may experience an upset stomach, gas, abdominal pain and bloating. If you have these or other unusual side effects, contact your doctor. She can help you find an alternative treatment.
Diet Modifications
The Atkins plan consists of four phases of eating, and the first phase, known as the induction phase, has the greatest restriction on carbohydrate intake. As a result, this initial phase could cause constipation. Although other phases of the plan restrict carb intake, these phases gradually increase the amount of carbohydrates you can eat on the plan. If you and your doctor think your diet contributed to constipation, you may need to follow a less restrictive phase of the Atkins plan. You should also discuss other weight loss options, such as monitoring calorie intake and adding physical exercise to your daily routine.
Considerations
Talk to your doctor before you begin a restrictive diet such as the Atkins diet. Together you and your doctor can determine if low-carb eating will help you reach your goal weight while providing you with the necessary nutrients you need for your overall health.
You should not take medications like MiraLax and other laxatives without first consulting your doctor. These products could interfere with other medications you take and result in complications.


Publication by Eugene A. Gladyshev, Irina R. Arkhipova
We describe a novel class of single-copy reverse transcriptase (RT)-related genes that do not constitute part of any mobile genetic element, and are clearly distinct from the only known non-mobile RT genes, the telomerases, which maintain chromosome ends in eukaryotes. These RT-like genes are of ancient origin, exhibit patchy distribution across diverse phyla, including animals, fungi, plants, protists, and bacteria, are preserved by natural selection, and are biochemically active. These findings challenge the currently prevailing views on evolution and functional roles of reverse transcriptase-related sequences in living cells.
Fig. 1. Overexpression of a reverse transcriptase-like protein fused to the green fluorescent protein in the fruiting bodies of the model ascomycete fungus
Neurospora crassa. Photo credit: Eugene Gladyshev.


Researchers behind a recently published study led by Miles Witham, PhD, at the University of Dundee in Scotland, found no connection between everyone’s favorite supplement, vitamin D, and lower blood pressure.
The study, which was published on March 16 in the journal JAMA Internal Medicine, found that neither systolic blood pressure nor diastolic blood pressure exhibited significant change from the baseline through the follow-up.
Read more


News from the Guttmacher Institute
The rate of abortion in the United States is at its lowest level since 1974, having declined 33% from a peak of 29 abortions per 1,000 women aged 15–44 in 1980 to 20 per 1,000 in 2004. However, this overall trend masks large disparities in rates of unintended pregnancy and abortion across demographic subgroups, according to Trends in the Characteristics of Women Obtaining Abortions, 1974 to 2004.


While many see birth photography as beautiful and raw, there are others who feel offended, angered, or even disgusted by it. As an award-winning birth photographer, Angela Gallo knows firsthand about the big divide with how childbirth is perceived. Motivated by her critics, she dedicates her career to taking and sharing photos in hopes of providing solace to expecting moms fearing birth defects and complications.
"My aim is to create a body of work that inspires women and men to feel positively about birth," she says. "Generations of women and men are being raised on the idea that pregnancy, birth, and parenthood are terrifying times that one must 'endure.'"
While birth can be difficult and scary, she argues that there's also beauty that often gets lost in all the worry.
"People are bombarded with negative information. Whether it be from friends, family, the internet, or even professionals they trust. This catapults them into a system of fear or self-doubt."
"Childbirth can be a transformative experience rich with potential. Potential to connect deeply to our bodies, our babies, our loved ones, and ourselves."
"I want these images to set a new precedent. I want every expecting mama who finds these images to think, 'Oh hold on, this isn't the birth I usually see. Maybe I don't need to be afraid.'"
Angela says she believes now more than ever people are embracing these photos and seeing them for what they truly are: an enlightening form of art.
"Birth matters. It's beautiful," she says. "Birth photography is an amazing opportunity to grow past our physical and emotional limits, and an even better opportunity to celebrate the power of women and their families."


Abstract
The autumn migration of the rice leaf roller moth, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenée, in eastern China was studied at two sites (one in southern Jiangsu Province and one in northern Jiangxi Province), using radar and aerial netting. It was confirmed that C. medinalis is a high-altitude nocturnal windborne migrant, with large numbers of moths taking-off at dusk and flying continuously for several hours. Migration was post-teneral and the females had immature ovaries. Maximum densities of the moths typically occurred between 250 and 550 m above ground, and layering was intense on some nights. Moth layers often occurred at an altitude where there was a wind-speed maximum. In early September, migrant C. medinalis from southern Jiangsu Province were carried on the winds in an approximately westward direction. However, the winds prevailing in late September and October took migrants from both sites towards the south-west or south. Forward trajectories for C. medinalis and other insects emigrating from northern Jiangxi during October indicated that they were able to reach the tropical rice-growing areas near the south China coast, where year-round breeding would be possible. Incidental observations on the migratory flight of other lepidopteran pests, including Mythimna separata (Walker), Spodoptera litura (Fabricius), Ctenoplusia agnata (Staudinger) and Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel) (all Nocturidae), Spoladea recurvalis (Fabricius) and particularly Omiodes indicata (Fabricius) (both Pyralidae) are presented.
Citation
Riley, J.R.; Reynolds, D.R.; Smith, A.D.; Edwards, A.S.; Zhang, X.X.; Cheng, X.N.; Wang, H.K.; Cheng, J.Y.; Zhai, B.P. Observations of the autumn migration of the rice leaf roller Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and other moths in eastern China. Bulletin of Entomological Research (1995) 85 (03) 397-414. [DOI: 10.1017/S0007485300036130]


Abstract
This research examines how practitioners in the art museum engage with difference, particularly with the black subject, and the influence that policy, which is intended to promote access and inclusion, has on the process. How difference is imagined and addressed is explored through an investigation of the lived experience of museum professionals in both the United States and the United Kingdom. The research is an ethnographic study that utilizes a multidisciplinary theoretical framework, drawing from sociology, cultural studies, social and cultural history, art history, and museum studies, and its methodological approach includes in-depth interviews in Seattle, New York and London, and long-term participant observation in London. An examination of race, diversity and representation, an overview of historical accounts substantiating the development of support for the arts and culture, and an indication of arts policy in the US and UK provide a context from which to view the empirical data. The data makes visible how specific communities are imagined, how projects are developed for ‘targeted’ audiences, and it reveals how conventions in practice continue to perpetuate an air of exclusivity in institutions purportedly open to all. Contrasting and comparing the stated motivations and intentions of practitioners with observed practice illuminates the challenges inherent in transforming words into action. These challenges expose the mechanisms of essentialism, instrumentalism and exclusion that can be exerted in practice; analysis of the process illustrates the complexity of shifting the narrative and culture of the museum, a shift which denotes the evolution in learning and audience development from a civilizing, transmission approach towards a participatory, individual meaning-making approach. This research intends to enhance the understanding of the agency of museum practitioners, particularly during their engagement with difference and external policy mandates, whilst they are concurrently situated in the evolving material and discursive space of the art museum.


Shravan Veerapaneni
New York University
Large-scale suspensions of soft-particles in viscous fluids are ubiquitous in biology: red blood cells, platelets and proteins are examples of passive suspensions; bacteria and spermatozoa are examples of active suspensions. Advances in experiments, theory and simulations are essential for understanding and engineering these systems. Direct numerical simulations have been limited in scope because of the significant computational challenges posed by the complex moving geometries, the nonlinear interfacial forces and the non-local hydrodynamic interactions.
In this talk, I will present new computational schemes for simulating certain classes of complex fluids. They overcome the numerical stiffness of the associated governing equations, compute N-body hydrodynamic interactions in linear time and incorporate spectral boundary representations and low-cost preconditioners. These schemes scale up to 200 thousand processors simulating over 260 million soft-particles suspended in a viscous fluid, an improvement of several orders of magnitude over previous results. Overall, we have achieved 0.7 Petaflops of sustained performance on the Jaguar supercomputer. I will discuss new physical insights gained via simulations on the red blood cell dynamics in nonlinear flows, self-organization in confined geometries and shape transformations in gravity.


Researchers conducted four separate interviews with over 24,000 pregnant women (twice during their pregnancy and again when their child was 6 and 18 months old).
Information on atopic dermatitis and infections before 6 months of age were recorded. Data on factors associated with exposure to microbes, such as number of siblings, pet keeping, living on a farm, and attending day care, were also collected.
The risk of atopic dermatitis increased with each infectious disease before 6 months of age. This contrasts with the common belief that infectious diseases early in life may protect against the development of allergic diseases.
However, the risk of atopic dermatitis decreased with each additional exposure to three or more siblings, day care, pet ownership, and farm residence. This protective effect remained after adjusting for number of infectious diseases, suggesting that it is established independently and very early in life, say the authors.
These findings support the importance of microbial exposure for preventing atopic dermatitis, but challenge the hypothesis that infectious diseases in infancy protect against its development, they conclude.


Facilitate a logically sound decision, taking potential consequences into account.
Lead to a decision that is supported by the people who have to carry it out.
Be timely, enabling stakeholders to gain the full benefits and avoid needless penalties.
Use decision-making time with others commensurate with the benefits likely to accrue from the decision.
Safeguard confidential information and reinforce training and team-building.
Knowing when and how to share decision-making power is crucial to effective risk taking. You can improve your skill and learn more about the behaviors you actually use by completing the “Decision-Making Strategies Inventory
™” on the pages that follow.


People who regularly use aspirin may have an increased risk of wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of blindness.
Researchers at the University of Sydney in Australia looked at data on 2,389 people, including 257 who used aspirin at least once per week.
Over the course of the 15-year study, 63 participants developed wet AMD and the researchers observed a link between the condition and regular aspirin use.
By the end of the study period, 9.3 per cent of regular aspirin users had developed wet AMD, compared with just 3.7 per cent of non-regular users.
The researchers - whose findings are published in the journal JAMA Internal Medicine - also noted that the link remained after factors such as a history of cardiovascular disease and smoking had been taken into account.
However, they concluded that evidence is insufficient to recommend any change in clinical practice, 'except perhaps in patients with strong risk factors of neovascular (wet) AMD'.


Experiences from the Field : UNDP-CSO Partnership for Conflict Prevention 31 Jul 2005 Document Summary
This publication is a joint initiative of the Civil Society Organizations Division of BRSP and the Strategic Planning Unit and the Transition Recovery Unit of BCPR, coordinated by Alejandra Pero (BRSP) and Celine Moyroud (BCPR), with support from Meegan Murray (BCPR).
The experiences presented in this report underscore the critical importance for UNDP and other international organizations to actively engage with civil society actors at all levels in preventing violent conflict and rebuilding peace. In many cases, the credibility and effectiveness demonstrated by CSOs have led to a transformation in the nature of their relationship with governments and the United Nations – from programme sub-contractors to policy advisors and interlocutors. This evolution in the scope of partnership with civil society organizations is essential in addressing the growing challenges of conflict prevention and peace building.


Swimming is one of the most popular exercise activitiesin the US.
Competitiveswimming is a ideal activity for young people as it meets the goalsfor Children’s organized sports as cited by many experts.These are the following skills that children’s organizedsports might have.
- Learning Social Skills
- Learning Motor Skills - Learning good sportsmanship - Increasing physical activity levels - Participating in a funactivity - Time managementskills Besides the physical benefits,competitive swimming also benefit children by:
- Providing a supportive,wholesome social outlet
- Learning sportsmanship,including dealing with winning and losing - Developing Team camaraderie and close friends thatcan last a lifetime - Learning Goal setting, selfdiscipline and selfconfidence Swimming is considered the idealphysical activity because: - Swimming is a low impact activity and reduces stresson the joints-it is the most injury free sport for children - Swimming helps developcoordination by requiring complex muscle movements involvingall parts of the body - Swimming builds cardiac andrespiratory fitness and develops aerobic endurance - Swimming promotes muscle developmentand burns calories, a particular concern with increasing rates ofchildhood obesity - Swimming can be a continued for alifetime - Swimming is a sport thatchildren with disabilities can participatein In addition to the extensive physicalbenefits, competitive swimming also benefits young people by: - Providing a supportive, wholesomesocial outlet - Learning sportsmanship, including dealing withwinning and losing - Developing team camaraderie and close friendships,many for life - Learning goal setting, self-discipline andself-confidence - Time-management: competitiveswimmers are among the best students
Aside from the physical, social and developmentalbenefits, competitive swimming is a FUN and EXCITING sport forpeople of all ages.


The realm of social interaction is undergoing profound changes and older forms of belonging are weakening, while other negative forms are strengthening. The absence of belonging is a significant reason for the rise of the evangelical churches, which provide a sense of shared community.
Language
eng
Field of Research
160810 Urban Sociology and Community Studies 220319 Social Philosophy
Socio Economic Objective
970116 Expanding Knowledge through Studies of Human Society
Every reasonable effort has been made to ensure that permission has been obtained for items included in DRO. If you believe that your rights have been infringed by this repository, please contact drosupport@deakin.edu.au.


• Oral propranolol hydrochloride, 40 mg twice a day, and acetazolamide, 250 mg twice a day, were given in a randomized, double-masked, cross-over manner to eight patients with ocular hypertension. Each compound was given for eight weeks. Propranolol and acetazolamide produced a comparable decrease in intraocular pressure. Acetazolamide showed a clear orthostatic effect by significantly decreasing the standing systolic blood pressure (BP), while propranolol, at the doses used, had no obvious reducing effect on BP. Propranolol significantly decreased the pulse rate throughout the treatment period; acetazolamide also decreased the pulse rate, though slightly and not significantly. During treatment with acetazolamide a metabolic acidosis reflected by a decrease in the serum-CO2 combining power developed in five patients; this index remained unchanged during treatment with propranolol. Serum calcium, potassium, and sodium levels were not affected by propranolol or acetazolamide therapy.
Wettrell K, Pandolfi M. Propranolol vs AcetazolamideA Long-term Double-Masked Study of the Effect on Intraocular Pressure and Blood Pressure. Arch Ophthalmol. 1979;97(2):280-283. doi:10.1001/archopht.1979.01020010132006
© 2017


We Urge You To Oppose Mandatory BMI Reporting In The Schools
The talking points state that these school screenings:
Lack a research basis Duplicate health measurements best pursued in the context of a physician's care Lack meaningful follow-up Could do harm Could initiate unhealthy eating and activity associated with the development of an eating disorder Could encourage bullying and teasing
F.E.A.S.T. calls on parents to educate themselves about these programs and speak up to school officials about these well-meaning but potentially harmful initiatives.


Description
No issue is more divisive or more pressing for the church today than homosexuality.
Two Views on Homosexuality, the Bible, and the Church brings a fresh perspective to a well-worn debate. While Christian debates about homosexuality are most often dominated by biblical exegesis, this book seeks to give much-needed attention to the rich history of received Christian tradition, bringing the Bible into conversation with historical and systematic theology. To that end, both theologians and biblical scholars—well accomplished in their fields and conversant in issues of sexuality and gender—articulate and defend each of the two views:
Affirming view
William Loader Megan K. DeFranza
Traditional view
Wesley Hill Stephen R. Holmes
Unique among most debates on homosexuality, this book presents a constructive dialogue between people who disagree on significant ethical and theological matters, and yet maintain a respectful and humanizing posture toward one another. Even as these scholars articulate pointed arguments for their position with academic rigor and depth, they do so cordially, clearly, and compassionately, without demeaning the other.
The main essays are followed by exceptionally insightful responses and rejoinders that interact with their fellow essayists with convicted civility. Holding to a high view of Scripture, a commitment to the gospel and the church, and a love for people—especially those most affected by this topic—the contributors wrestle deeply with the Bible and theology, especially the prohibition texts, the role of procreation, gender complementarity, and pastoral accommodation.
The book concludes with general editor Preston Sprinkle’s reflections on the future of discussions on faith and sexuality.
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Despite the fact that multiple traits known to influence species interactions change over the course of an organisms’ ontogeny (i.e. throughout their development), ontogeny has been rarely studied as an intrinsic factor able to influence such interactions. Plant ontogeny has been shown to affect the expression of numerous plant traits relevant to herbivores such as nutritional content as well as physical and chemical defenses. However, we know little about how these plant traits changes across multiple developmental stages of a plant species. To date, few empirical studies have examined the influence of plant ontogeny in explaining variation in plant defenses. However, most of these studies usually compare two ontogenetic stages leading to the support of hypotheses predicting a linear decrease or increase as plants growth. However, a recent review by Boege and Marquis (2005) predicted a non-linear relationship between plant age and defenses which emphasizes the need to evaluate plant defense strategies at multiple developmental stages. In order to evaluate how plant traits relevant to herbivores can change over plant ontogeny, I measured plant biomass, root:shoot ratio, nutritional quality, and constitutive concentrations of chemical defenses (iridoid glycosides) at seven distinct ontogenetic stages of Background/Question/Methods Plantago lanceolata(Plantaginaceae): 4, 6, 9, 11, 14, 16 and 19 week-old. The first two stages correspond to seedling stages, the second two with juvenile stages, the third two with reproductive stages, and the last one with a post-reproductive stage. All plant stages were analyzed simultaneously in order to control for potential environmental factors that could influence plant performance such as photoperiod and temperature. Plant age significantly influenced total aboveground biomass (p<.0001), root:shoot ratios (p<.0001), water content (p<.0001), carbon:nitrogen ratios (p<.001), and plant chemical defenses (p<.0001). Interestingly, all of these traits showed a non-linear trend with plant age. For example, plant biomass and quality increased over time reaching its highest value for 14 and 11wks-old plants respectively, and decreasing afterwards. Constitutive defenses also varied non-linearly, showing a decrease from 4wks to older seedling stages and a dramatic increase from 11wks to 19wks-old plants. Changes in plant defenses and nutritional value are known to influence insect herbivores by directly altering herbivore performance and/or indirectly altering herbivore predation risk. Thus, the variation in plant quality and defenses reported here in relation to plant ontogeny is expected to play a significant role in mediating plant-herbivore and herbivore-predator interactions.
Results/Conclusions


The focus of this review is on the close relationship between gait and cognition in ageing and associated dementias. This close relationship is supported by epidemiological studies, clinical studies of older people with and without dementia that focused on the intensity of the physical activity, clinical studies with older persons without dementia examining a relationship between gait and specific cognitive processes, and human and animal experimental studies examining a neural basis for such a relationship. Despite these findings, most studies with patients with dementia focus exclusively on the relationship between cognition and dementia, with relatively few addressing the relationship between gait and dementia. However, subtle disturbances in gait can be observed in ageing and in (preclinical) subtypes of dementia that are not known for prominent motor disturbances, i.e. Mild Cognitive Impairment, Alzheimer's Disease, vascular Cognitive Impairment No Dementia, Subcortical Ischaemic Vascular Dementia, Frontotemporal Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Frontotemporal Dementia, supporting a close relationship between gait and cognition. The relationship between gait and cognition is weakened by the few available intervention studies that examine the effects of walking on cognition in patients with (preclinical) dementia. These studies report equivocal results, which will be discussed. Finally, suggestions for future research will be made.


As part of the ATV Safety Institute’s (ASI) commitment to public outreach of important all-terrain vehicle safety messages, in 2002 ASI partnered with Video Placement Worldwide (VPW), a respected educational service company specializing in placing sponsored educational materials in America’s classrooms, to distribute ASI’s "Ride Safe, Ride Smart" video.
The "Ride Safe, Ride Smart" video features two families, each with a different motivation for using ATVs: one family uses them for recreation, the other for farming chores. Both sets of parents lead by example, emphasizing taking a safety-first attitude, riding an ATV that is right for your age, and respecting the environment.
The 9-minute video also demonstrates the importance of abiding by ASI’s Golden Rules:
1. Always wear a helmet and other protective gear.
2. Never ride on public roads — another vehicle could hit you. 3. Never ride under the influence of alcohol or other drugs. 4. Never carry a passenger on a single-rider vehicle. 5. Ride an ATV that’s right for your age. 6. Supervise riders younger than 16; ATVs are not toys. 7. Ride only on designated trails and at a safe speed. 8. Take an ATV RiderCourse; call toll-free at 800.887.2887, or take the free E-Course at www.atvsafety.org.
ASI recognized that the right time to instill the message of responsible recreation among current and potential ATV riders was before they learned bad habits from siblings or friends. To that end, VPW created a placement strategy covering middle, junior, and high schools, with an emphasis on rural areas where ATV riding tends to be integral to family life.
Since January 2002, VPW has placed 10,500 copies of the video in 8,600 public and private schools, where it has been viewed by over 5 million students. ASI has renewed the partnership for calendar year 2010.


Two recent articles in PLoS Medicine [1,2] criticise the role played by activists in raising concerns about the tenofovir trial for HIV prophylaxis. We fully support the fact that activism should be based on informed opinion, rather than speculation, unwarranted criticism, overreaction, or sensationalising facts [1], and believe that in Thailand, the… (More)


Two recent studies reported that yes/no recognition can be more impaired by hippocampal lesions than forced-choice recognition when the targets and foils are highly similar. This finding has been taken in support of two fundamental proposals: (1) yes/no recognition tests depend more on recollection than do forced-choice tests; and (2) the hippocampus… (More)


Posted on November 29, 2006, in Uncategorized, with 0 Comments
Getting the best energy value from any washing machine depends on several energy-saving wash-day practices. For example:
If possible, wash one big load rather than two small ones. Load the washer to capacity. If you must wash smaller loads, select lower water levels, if possible. Use cold water rinses. Use lower temperature settings and pre-treat or pre-soak stains or heavily soiled clothing. Use the recommended amount and type of detergent. Set the thermostat on your water heater to no higher than 120 degrees Fahrenheit.


Investors are flocking to target-date funds, but some experts warn that the funds' annual returns are lower than many people will need for building up sufficient retirement savings. Over the past five years, the average fund with 2015 as the target date grew just 2% a year, while standard planning models are based on 6% returns. Possible solutions, experts say, include choosing a fund with a later date and directing new 401(k) contributions into higher-risk investments.


Term Brief description Charts data citation
Data citation refers to the practice of providing a reference to data in the same way as researchers routinely provide a bibliographic reference to printed resources. The need to cite data is starting to be recognised as one of the key practices underpinning the recognition of data as a primary research output rather than as a by-product of research. While data has often been shared in the past, it is rarely, if ever, cited in the same way as a journal article or other publication might be. If datasets were cited, they would achieve a validity and significance within the cycle of activities associated with scholarly communications and recognition of scholarly effort. (Excerpt from this source)Percentage of
Ariadne articles tagged with this term: [term_node_prcnt_1]%.


Fake tradespeople are talking their way into Brisbane homes to carry out "urgent" repairs or remove possums from roofs before stealing from elderly homeowners.
Police are warning older residents in Brisbane's north to be on the lookout for the scammers after a spate of incidents in late July.
At least four separate people, aged between 72 and 91, have been targeted in homes from Windsor to Sandgate.
"People posing as tradesmen, approach residents and offer to conduct urgent repairs and or remove possums from victims' home," police said in a statement.
"The urgency of the repairs is stressed with residents - who are aged in their 70s, 80s and 90s - feeling obligated to commence the work immediately."
Police said the scammers demanded payment upfront before stealing money or property from the homes without carrying out any work.
A Sandgate man, 72, was targeted on July 31, when a man stole money from his home after offering to remove a possum from his roof.
A Stafford Heights woman, 86, suffered a similar fate a day earlier, when thieves got away with her handbag.
A Windsor woman, 91, had cash stolen after a man and a woman approached her offering roof repairs and an 86-year-old woman from Banyo suffered the same fate after two men approached her.
Police said they were appalled by the scam and called on anyone with information to call Crime Stoppers on 1800 333 000.
"To ensure you are not becoming a victim of fraud, it is essential you remain alert and attempt to check the credentials of tradespeople offering unwarranted assistance," the statement read.
"If you have an elderly neighbour or family member be sure to advise them of this scam."
The Queensland Building and Construction Commission said homeowners could call 139 333 to check if a tradesman was registered.


“ŌĆó Silver occurs mainly in its pure form, as a minor constituent in the ores of copper, lead and zinc, as well as in minerals such as argentite and chlorargyrite.
ŌĆó Silver is used in around 85ŌĆō90% of crystalline silicon PV cells, which are the most common form of solar cells with roughly 2.8 million ounces of silver required to generate 1 GW of solar power.
ŌĆó Growth is driven by significant and varied scope of application for silver, ranging from its use as a catalyst in the production of chemicals to its use in electronic products, solar panels, brazing and soldering, photographic films, medicines, mirrors and glasses. “


Leverage intelligence, analytics, insights and models for strategic and investment decisions
Operate Marketing as a Center of Excellence to focus on the right activities that increase business value
A study by Kimberly Whitler, Ryan Krause, and Donald Lehmann explored the role and impact of marketing experience on the board contributes to overall firm performance. They hypothesized that marketing experience for board members would be valuable given that boards are increasing their focus on top-line growth performance, the ability to understand customer preferences, and […]
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Hirsch, Boris Lechmann, Daniel S. J. Schnabel, Claus
Year of Publication:
2015
Series/Report no.:
Diskussionspapiere, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Lehrstuhl für VWL, insbes. Arbeitsmarkt- und Regionalpolitik 96
Abstract:
Presenteeism, i.e. attending work while sick, is widespread and associated with significant costs. Still, economic analyses of this phenomenon are rare. In a theoretical model, we show that presenteeism arises due to differences between workers in (healthrelated) disutility from workplace attendance. As these differences are unobservable by employers, they set wages that incentivise sick workers to attend work. Using a large representative German data set, we test several hypotheses derived from our model. In line with our predictions, we find that bad health status and stressful working conditions are positively related to presenteeism. Better dismissal protection, captured by higher tenure, is associated with slightly fewer presenteeism days, whereas the role of productivity and skills is inconclusive.


Interactions between the liver and CD8+ T cells can lead to tolerance, due in part to CD8+ T cell death. To test whether this was the case in an extrahepatic infection, we investigated the fate and effector capacity of intrahepatic CD8+ T cells during lung-restricted influenza infection in mice. Virus-specific T cells accumulated in livers without detectable intrahepatic presentation of viral Ags, and this accumulation was not restricted to the contraction phase, but was apparent as early as day 5. Intrahepatic influenza-specific cells were functionally similar to those recovered from the bronchioalveolar lavage, based on ex vivo cytokine production and specific target lysis. Both adoptive transfer of liver lymphocytes and orthotopic liver transplant of organs containing accumulated effector T cells revealed that activated CD8s from the liver were viable, expanded during reinfection, and generated a memory population that trafficked to lymphoid organs. Thus, intrahepatic CD8+ T cells re-enter circulation and generate functional memory, indicating that the liver does not uniformly incapacitate activated CD8+ T cells. Instead, it constitutes a substantial reservoir of usable Ag-specific effector CD8+ T cells involved in both acute and recall immune responses.


Vomiting can be linked to various conditions, diseases or illness. Some causes are commonly known like food poisoning or flu, but brain tumors and gastritis can also cause souring of food on the stomach resulting in throwing up. The medical term for this symptom is emesis.
Bright Hub's Guide to Vomiting offers a complete look at the symptoms, risks and potential treatments - both medical and alternative - for the condition. Excess vomiting can result in severe dehydration, aspiration of food and pneumonia. While symptoms are similar, regurgitation is not the same as throwing up.
No-Flush Niacin and Urine Tests
When it comes to no-flush niacin and urine tests, what should the average person know? It is true no-flush niacin can help a person pass a drug test? Learn the facts about these...
Cesamet: Synthetic Marijuana
Smoking marijuana for therapeutic purposes is a controversial topic. Cesamet, the synthetic form of pot, and other drugs like it may offer the solution....


Fewer people filed for first-time unemployment benefits last week, continuing a recent trend of moderation that has marked the past several weeks.
While the number of people on the government's unemployment roll continues to set new record highs, the slowdown in layoffs is raising hope of stabilization in the labor market.
The U.S. Labor Department revealed that initial jobless claims came in at 631,000 for the week ended April 25th, down 14,000 from last week's revised total of 645,000.
Economists had expected jobless claims to come in unchanged compared to the 640,000 originally reported for the previous week.
This reversed some of the increase that took place in the previous week, but the number of claims remained above the nearly 3-month low reached in mid-April.
Still, the latest data pointed to a continued trend of moderation, with claims edging further off the recent high of 674,000 that was reached in late March.
The 4-week moving average for initial claims, which flattens out the week-to-week fluctuations in the data, continued its recent downward trend, slipping to 637,500.
This marked the 4th consecutive week that the 4-week moving average edged lower. The figure is now at its lowest level since late February.
However, the number of people receiving ongoing unemployment help, a figure known as continuing claims, rose to yet another record, climbing to 6.271 million after a revised reading of 6.138 million in the previous week.
This was the 15th week in a row that continuing claims have moved higher. The persistent increase in this statistic suggests that people are having trouble finding jobs after they are laid off.
Next week, the government will release its next monthly employment report. Another dismal month of job losses is expected. For March, the government reported 663,000 lost jobs for the month and revealed that the unemployment rate rose to 8.5%.
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Multimedia analysis in documentation projects: Kinship, interrogatives and reciprocals in ǂ Akhoe Hai ǁ om
This contribution emphasizes the role of multimedia data not only for archiving languages but also for creating opportunities for innovative analyses. In the case at hand, video material was collected as part of the documentation of Akhoe Haiom, a Khoisan language spoken in northern Namibia. The multimedia documentation project brought together linguistic and anthropological work to highlight connections between specialized domains, namely kinship terminology, interrogatives and reciprocals. These connections would have gone unnoticed or undocumented in more conventional modes of language description. It is suggested that such an approach may be particularly appropriate for the documentation of endangered languages since it directs the focus of attention away from isolated traits of languages towards more complex practices of communication that are also frequently threatened with extinction.


Blood tests for food allergies in children may not be as reliable as you think.
According to a study published in the
Journal of Pediatrics 84 – 93% of foods that had been avoided due to blood test results could be reintroduced after passing “food challenges.” Source: http://www.foodnavigator-usa.com/ This is not to say that we should ignore the ways that food allergies and sensitivities can impact health. Diseases and conditions people suffer from can actually result from hidden allergies and sensitivities, including everything from rheumatoid arthritis to depression.


This activity gives students a sense of size and scale using their classroom and their neighborhood as a frame of reference. The activity focuses on measuring length, for this is the most common feature when presenting nanoscale structures or nanoscale science. Understanding size and scale is fundamental to learning about nanotechnology as size defines the nanoscale. It can be introduced into K–12 curriculum by discussing scientific measurement.
Objectives Nanometer-sized things are very small, and often behave differently than larger things do. Credits
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