File size: 78,520 Bytes
a8c86bb
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432
1433
1434
1435
1436
1437
1438
1439
1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
1460
1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
1488
1489
1490
1491
1492
1493
1494
1495
1496
1497
1498
1499
1500
1501
1502
1503
1504
1505
1506
1507
1508
1509
1510
1511
1512
1513
1514
1515
1516
1517
1518
1519
1520
1521
1522
1523
1524
1525
1526
1527
1528
1529
1530
1531
1532
1533
1534
1535
1536
1537
1538
1539
1540
1541
1542
1543
1544
1545
1546
1547
1548
1549
1550
1551
1552
1553
1554
1555
1556
1557
1558
1559
1560
1561
1562
1563
1564
1565
1566
1567
1568
1569
1570
1571
1572
1573
1574
1575
1576
1577
1578
1579
1580
1581
1582
1583
1584
1585
1586
1587
1588
1589
1590
1591
1592
1593
1594
1595
1596
1597
1598
1599
1600
1601
1602
1603
1604
1605
1606
1607
1608
1609
1610
1611
1612
1613
1614
1615
1616
1617
1618
1619
1620
1621
1622
1623
1624
1625
1626
1627
1628
1629
1630
1631
1632
1633
1634
1635
1636
1637
1638
1639
1640
1641
1642
1643
1644
1645
1646
1647
1648
1649
1650
1651
1652
1653
1654
1655
1656
1657
1658
1659
1660
1661
1662
1663
1664
1665
1666
1667
1668
1669
1670
1671
1672
1673
1674
1675
1676
1677
1678
1679
1680
1681
1682
1683
1684
1685
1686
1687
1688
1689
1690
1691
1692
1693
1694
1695
1696
1697
1698
1699
1700
1701
1702
1703
1704
1705
1706
1707
1708
1709
1710
1711
1712
1713
1714
1715
1716
1717
1718
1719
1720
1721
1722
1723
1724
1725
1726
1727
1728
1729
1730
1731
1732
1733
1734
1735
1736
1737
1738
1739
1740
1741
1742
1743
1744
1745
1746
1747
1748
1749
1750
1751
1752
1753
1754
1755
1756
1757
1758
1759
1760
1761
1762
1763
1764
1765
1766
1767
1768
1769
1770
1771
1772
1773
1774
1775
1776
1777
1778
1779
1780
1781
1782
1783
1784
1785
1786
1787
1788
1789
1790
1791
1792
1793
1794
1795
1796
1797
1798
1799
1800
1801
1802
1803
1804
1805
1806
1807
1808
1809
1810
1811
1812
1813
1814
1815
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
2047
2048
2049
2050
2051
2052
2053
2054
2055
2056
2057
"""loop
Main agent implementation with integrated tool system and MCP support
"""

import asyncio
import json
import logging
import time
from dataclasses import dataclass, field
from typing import Any

from litellm import (
    ChatCompletionMessageToolCall,
    Message,
    acompletion,
    stream_chunk_builder,
)
from litellm.exceptions import ContextWindowExceededError

from agent.config import Config
from agent.core.approval_policy import (
    is_scheduled_operation,
    normalize_tool_operation,
)
from agent.core.cost_estimation import CostEstimate, estimate_tool_cost
from agent.messaging.gateway import NotificationGateway
from agent.core import telemetry
from agent.core.doom_loop import check_for_doom_loop
from agent.core.llm_params import _resolve_llm_params
from agent.core.prompt_caching import with_prompt_caching
from agent.core.session import Event, OpType, Session
from agent.core.tools import ToolRouter
from agent.tools.jobs_tool import CPU_FLAVORS
from agent.tools.sandbox_tool import DEFAULT_CPU_SANDBOX_HARDWARE

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

ToolCall = ChatCompletionMessageToolCall

_MALFORMED_TOOL_PREFIX = "ERROR: Tool call to '"
_MALFORMED_TOOL_SUFFIX = "' had malformed JSON arguments"


def _malformed_tool_name(message: Message) -> str | None:
    """Return the tool name for malformed-json tool-result messages."""
    if getattr(message, "role", None) != "tool":
        return None
    content = getattr(message, "content", None)
    if not isinstance(content, str):
        return None
    if not content.startswith(_MALFORMED_TOOL_PREFIX):
        return None
    end = content.find(_MALFORMED_TOOL_SUFFIX, len(_MALFORMED_TOOL_PREFIX))
    if end == -1:
        return None
    return content[len(_MALFORMED_TOOL_PREFIX) : end]


def _detect_repeated_malformed(
    items: list[Message],
    threshold: int = 2,
) -> str | None:
    """Return the repeated malformed tool name if the tail contains a streak.

    Walk backward over the current conversation tail. A streak counts only
    consecutive malformed tool-result messages for the same tool; any other
    tool result breaks it.
    """
    if threshold <= 0:
        return None

    streak_tool: str | None = None
    streak = 0

    for item in reversed(items):
        if getattr(item, "role", None) != "tool":
            continue

        malformed_tool = _malformed_tool_name(item)
        if malformed_tool is None:
            break

        if streak_tool is None:
            streak_tool = malformed_tool
            streak = 1
        elif malformed_tool == streak_tool:
            streak += 1
        else:
            break

        if streak >= threshold:
            return streak_tool

    return None


def _validate_tool_args(tool_args: dict) -> tuple[bool, str | None]:
    """
    Validate tool arguments structure.

    Returns:
        (is_valid, error_message)
    """
    args = tool_args.get("args", {})
    # Sometimes LLM passes args as string instead of dict
    if isinstance(args, str):
        return (
            False,
            f"Tool call error: 'args' must be a JSON object, not a string. You passed: {repr(args)}",
        )
    if not isinstance(args, dict) and args is not None:
        return (
            False,
            f"Tool call error: 'args' must be a JSON object. You passed type: {type(args).__name__}",
        )
    return True, None


_IMMEDIATE_HF_JOB_RUNS = {"run", "uv"}


@dataclass(frozen=True)
class ApprovalDecision:
    requires_approval: bool
    auto_approved: bool = False
    auto_approval_blocked: bool = False
    block_reason: str | None = None
    estimated_cost_usd: float | None = None
    remaining_cap_usd: float | None = None
    billable: bool = False


def _operation(tool_args: dict) -> str:
    return normalize_tool_operation(tool_args.get("operation"))


def _is_immediate_hf_job_run(tool_name: str, tool_args: dict) -> bool:
    return tool_name == "hf_jobs" and _operation(tool_args) in _IMMEDIATE_HF_JOB_RUNS


def _is_scheduled_hf_job_run(tool_name: str, tool_args: dict) -> bool:
    return tool_name == "hf_jobs" and is_scheduled_operation(_operation(tool_args))


def _is_budgeted_auto_approval_target(tool_name: str, tool_args: dict) -> bool:
    return tool_name == "sandbox_create" or _is_immediate_hf_job_run(
        tool_name, tool_args
    )


def _base_needs_approval(
    tool_name: str, tool_args: dict, config: Config | None = None
) -> bool:
    """Check if a tool call requires approval before YOLO policy is applied."""

    # If args are malformed, skip approval (validation error will be shown later)
    args_valid, _ = _validate_tool_args(tool_args)
    if not args_valid:
        return False

    if tool_name == "sandbox_create":
        hardware = tool_args.get("hardware") or DEFAULT_CPU_SANDBOX_HARDWARE
        return hardware != DEFAULT_CPU_SANDBOX_HARDWARE

    if tool_name == "hf_jobs":
        operation = _operation(tool_args)
        if is_scheduled_operation(operation):
            return True
        if operation not in _IMMEDIATE_HF_JOB_RUNS:
            return False

        # Check if this is a CPU-only job
        # hardware_flavor is at top level of tool_args, not nested in args
        hardware_flavor = (
            tool_args.get("hardware_flavor")
            or tool_args.get("flavor")
            or tool_args.get("hardware")
            or "cpu-basic"
        )
        is_cpu_job = hardware_flavor in CPU_FLAVORS

        if is_cpu_job:
            if config and not config.confirm_cpu_jobs:
                return False
            return True

        return True

    # Check for file upload operations (hf_private_repos or other tools)
    if tool_name == "hf_private_repos":
        operation = tool_args.get("operation", "")
        if operation == "upload_file":
            if config and config.auto_file_upload:
                return False
            return True
        # Other operations (create_repo, etc.) always require approval
        if operation in ["create_repo"]:
            return True

    # hf_repo_files: upload (can overwrite) and delete require approval
    if tool_name == "hf_repo_files":
        operation = tool_args.get("operation", "")
        if operation in ["upload", "delete"]:
            return True

    # hf_repo_git: destructive operations require approval
    if tool_name == "hf_repo_git":
        operation = tool_args.get("operation", "")
        if operation in [
            "delete_branch",
            "delete_tag",
            "merge_pr",
            "create_repo",
            "update_repo",
        ]:
            return True

    return False


def _needs_approval(
    tool_name: str, tool_args: dict, config: Config | None = None
) -> bool:
    """Legacy sync approval predicate used by tests and CLI display helpers."""
    if _is_scheduled_hf_job_run(tool_name, tool_args):
        return True
    if config and config.yolo_mode:
        return False
    return _base_needs_approval(tool_name, tool_args, config)


def _session_auto_approval_enabled(session: Session | None) -> bool:
    return bool(session and getattr(session, "auto_approval_enabled", False))


def _effective_yolo_enabled(session: Session | None, config: Config | None) -> bool:
    return bool(
        (config and config.yolo_mode) or _session_auto_approval_enabled(session)
    )


def _remaining_budget_after_reservations(
    session: Session | None, reserved_spend_usd: float
) -> float | None:
    if not session or getattr(session, "auto_approval_cost_cap_usd", None) is None:
        return None
    cap = float(getattr(session, "auto_approval_cost_cap_usd") or 0.0)
    spent = float(getattr(session, "auto_approval_estimated_spend_usd", 0.0) or 0.0)
    return round(max(0.0, cap - spent - reserved_spend_usd), 4)


def _budget_block_reason(
    estimate: CostEstimate,
    *,
    remaining_cap_usd: float | None,
) -> str | None:
    if estimate.estimated_cost_usd is None:
        return estimate.block_reason or "Could not estimate the cost safely."
    if (
        remaining_cap_usd is not None
        and estimate.estimated_cost_usd > remaining_cap_usd
    ):
        return (
            f"Estimated cost ${estimate.estimated_cost_usd:.2f} exceeds "
            f"remaining YOLO cap ${remaining_cap_usd:.2f}."
        )
    return None


async def _approval_decision(
    tool_name: str,
    tool_args: dict,
    session: Session,
    *,
    reserved_spend_usd: float = 0.0,
) -> ApprovalDecision:
    """Return the approval decision for one parsed tool call."""
    config = session.config
    base_requires_approval = _base_needs_approval(tool_name, tool_args, config)

    # Scheduled jobs are recurring/unbounded enough that YOLO never bypasses
    # the human confirmation, including legacy config.yolo_mode.
    if _is_scheduled_hf_job_run(tool_name, tool_args):
        return ApprovalDecision(
            requires_approval=True,
            auto_approval_blocked=_effective_yolo_enabled(session, config),
            block_reason="Scheduled HF jobs always require manual approval.",
        )

    yolo_enabled = _effective_yolo_enabled(session, config)
    budgeted_target = _is_budgeted_auto_approval_target(tool_name, tool_args)

    # Cost caps are a session-scoped web policy. Legacy config.yolo_mode
    # remains uncapped for CLI/headless, except for scheduled jobs above.
    session_yolo_enabled = _session_auto_approval_enabled(session)
    if yolo_enabled and budgeted_target and session_yolo_enabled:
        estimate = await estimate_tool_cost(tool_name, tool_args, session=session)
        remaining = _remaining_budget_after_reservations(session, reserved_spend_usd)
        reason = _budget_block_reason(estimate, remaining_cap_usd=remaining)
        if reason:
            return ApprovalDecision(
                requires_approval=True,
                auto_approval_blocked=True,
                block_reason=reason,
                estimated_cost_usd=estimate.estimated_cost_usd,
                remaining_cap_usd=remaining,
                billable=estimate.billable,
            )
        if base_requires_approval:
            return ApprovalDecision(
                requires_approval=False,
                auto_approved=True,
                estimated_cost_usd=estimate.estimated_cost_usd,
                remaining_cap_usd=remaining,
                billable=estimate.billable,
            )
        return ApprovalDecision(
            requires_approval=False,
            estimated_cost_usd=estimate.estimated_cost_usd,
            remaining_cap_usd=remaining,
            billable=estimate.billable,
        )

    if base_requires_approval and yolo_enabled:
        return ApprovalDecision(requires_approval=False, auto_approved=True)

    return ApprovalDecision(requires_approval=base_requires_approval)


def _record_estimated_spend(session: Session, decision: ApprovalDecision) -> None:
    if not decision.billable or decision.estimated_cost_usd is None:
        return
    if hasattr(session, "add_auto_approval_estimated_spend"):
        session.add_auto_approval_estimated_spend(decision.estimated_cost_usd)
    else:
        session.auto_approval_estimated_spend_usd = round(
            float(getattr(session, "auto_approval_estimated_spend_usd", 0.0) or 0.0)
            + float(decision.estimated_cost_usd),
            4,
        )


async def _record_manual_approved_spend_if_needed(
    session: Session,
    tool_name: str,
    tool_args: dict,
) -> None:
    if not _session_auto_approval_enabled(session):
        return
    if not _is_budgeted_auto_approval_target(tool_name, tool_args):
        return
    estimate = await estimate_tool_cost(tool_name, tool_args, session=session)
    _record_estimated_spend(
        session,
        ApprovalDecision(
            requires_approval=False,
            billable=estimate.billable,
            estimated_cost_usd=estimate.estimated_cost_usd,
        ),
    )


# -- LLM retry constants --------------------------------------------------
_MAX_LLM_RETRIES = 3
_LLM_RETRY_DELAYS = [5, 15, 30]  # seconds between retries
_LLM_RATE_LIMIT_RETRY_DELAYS = [30, 60]  # exceed Bedrock's ~60s TPM bucket window


def _is_rate_limit_error(error: Exception) -> bool:
    """Return True for rate-limit / quota-bucket style provider errors."""
    err_str = str(error).lower()
    rate_limit_patterns = [
        "429",
        "rate limit",
        "rate_limit",
        "too many requests",
        "too many tokens",
        "request limit",
        "throttl",
    ]
    return any(pattern in err_str for pattern in rate_limit_patterns)


def _is_context_overflow_error(error: Exception) -> bool:
    """Return True when the prompt exceeded the model's context window."""
    if isinstance(error, ContextWindowExceededError):
        return True

    err_str = str(error).lower()
    overflow_patterns = [
        "context window exceeded",
        "maximum context length",
        "max context length",
        "prompt is too long",
        "context length exceeded",
        "too many input tokens",
        "input is too long",
    ]
    return any(pattern in err_str for pattern in overflow_patterns)


def _retry_delay_for(error: Exception, attempt_index: int) -> int | None:
    """Return the delay for this retry attempt, or None if it should not retry."""
    if _is_rate_limit_error(error):
        schedule = _LLM_RATE_LIMIT_RETRY_DELAYS
    elif _is_transient_error(error):
        schedule = _LLM_RETRY_DELAYS
    else:
        return None

    if attempt_index >= len(schedule):
        return None
    return schedule[attempt_index]


def _is_transient_error(error: Exception) -> bool:
    """Return True for errors that are likely transient and worth retrying."""
    err_str = str(error).lower()
    transient_patterns = [
        "timeout",
        "timed out",
        "503",
        "service unavailable",
        "502",
        "bad gateway",
        "500",
        "internal server error",
        "overloaded",
        "capacity",
        "connection reset",
        "connection refused",
        "connection error",
        "eof",
        "broken pipe",
    ]
    return _is_rate_limit_error(error) or any(
        pattern in err_str for pattern in transient_patterns
    )


def _is_effort_config_error(error: Exception) -> bool:
    """Catch the two 400s the effort probe also handles — thinking
    unsupported for this model, or the specific effort level invalid.

    This is our safety net for the case where ``/effort`` was changed
    mid-conversation (which clears the probe cache) and the new level
    doesn't work for the current model. We heal the cache and retry once.
    """
    from agent.core.effort_probe import _is_invalid_effort, _is_thinking_unsupported

    return _is_thinking_unsupported(error) or _is_invalid_effort(error)


async def _heal_effort_and_rebuild_params(
    session: Session,
    error: Exception,
    llm_params: dict,
) -> dict:
    """Update the session's effort cache based on ``error`` and return new
    llm_params. Called only when ``_is_effort_config_error(error)`` is True.

    Two branches:
      • thinking-unsupported → cache ``None`` for this model, next call
        strips thinking entirely
      • invalid-effort → re-run the full cascade probe; the result lands
        in the cache
    """
    from agent.core.effort_probe import (
        ProbeInconclusive,
        _is_thinking_unsupported,
        probe_effort,
    )

    model = session.config.model_name
    if _is_thinking_unsupported(error):
        session.model_effective_effort[model] = None
        logger.info("healed: %s doesn't support thinking — stripped", model)
    else:
        try:
            outcome = await probe_effort(
                model,
                session.config.reasoning_effort,
                session.hf_token,
                session=session,
            )
            session.model_effective_effort[model] = outcome.effective_effort
            logger.info(
                "healed: %s effort cascade → %s",
                model,
                outcome.effective_effort,
            )
        except ProbeInconclusive:
            # Transient during healing — strip thinking for safety, next
            # call will either succeed or surface the real error.
            session.model_effective_effort[model] = None
            logger.info("healed: %s probe inconclusive — stripped", model)

    return _resolve_llm_params(
        model,
        session.hf_token,
        reasoning_effort=session.effective_effort_for(model),
    )


def _friendly_error_message(error: Exception) -> str | None:
    """Return a user-friendly message for known error types, or None to fall back to traceback."""
    err_str = str(error).lower()

    if (
        "authentication" in err_str
        or "unauthorized" in err_str
        or "invalid x-api-key" in err_str
    ):
        return (
            "Authentication failed — your API key is missing or invalid.\n\n"
            "To fix this, set the API key for your model provider:\n"
            "  • Anthropic:   export ANTHROPIC_API_KEY=sk-...\n"
            "  • OpenAI:      export OPENAI_API_KEY=sk-...\n"
            "  • HF Router:   export HF_TOKEN=hf_...\n\n"
            "You can also add it to a .env file in the project root.\n"
            "To switch models, use the /model command."
        )

    if "insufficient" in err_str and "credit" in err_str:
        return (
            "Insufficient API credits. Please check your account balance "
            "at your model provider's dashboard."
        )

    if "not supported by provider" in err_str or "no provider supports" in err_str:
        return (
            "The model isn't served by the provider you pinned.\n\n"
            "Drop the ':<provider>' suffix to let the HF router auto-pick a "
            "provider, or use '/model' (no arg) to see which providers host "
            "which models."
        )

    if "model_not_found" in err_str or (
        "model" in err_str and ("not found" in err_str or "does not exist" in err_str)
    ):
        return (
            "Model not found. Use '/model' to list suggestions, or paste an "
            "HF model id like 'MiniMaxAI/MiniMax-M2.7'. Availability is shown "
            "when you switch."
        )

    return None


async def _compact_and_notify(session: Session) -> None:
    """Run compaction and send event if context was reduced.

    Catches ``CompactionFailedError`` and ends the session cleanly instead
    of letting the caller retry. Pre-2026-05-04 the caller looped on
    ContextWindowExceededError → compact → re-trigger, burning Bedrock
    budget at ~$3/Opus retry while the session never reached the upload
    path (so the cost was invisible in the dataset).
    """
    from agent.context_manager.manager import CompactionFailedError

    cm = session.context_manager
    old_usage = cm.running_context_usage
    logger.debug(
        "Compaction check: usage=%d, max=%d, threshold=%d, needs_compact=%s",
        old_usage,
        cm.model_max_tokens,
        cm.compaction_threshold,
        cm.needs_compaction,
    )
    try:
        await cm.compact(
            model_name=session.config.model_name,
            tool_specs=session.tool_router.get_tool_specs_for_llm(),
            hf_token=session.hf_token,
            session=session,
        )
    except CompactionFailedError as e:
        logger.error(
            "Compaction failed for session %s: %s — terminating session",
            session.session_id,
            e,
        )
        # Persist the failure event so the dataset has a record of WHY this
        # session ended (and the cost it incurred up to that point) even if
        # save_and_upload_detached has issues downstream.
        await session.send_event(
            Event(
                event_type="session_terminated",
                data={
                    "reason": "compaction_failed",
                    "context_usage": cm.running_context_usage,
                    "context_threshold": cm.compaction_threshold,
                    "error": str(e)[:300],
                    "user_message": (
                        "Your conversation has grown too large to continue. "
                        "The work you've done is saved — start a new session to keep going."
                    ),
                },
            )
        )
        # Stop the agent loop; the finally in _run_session will fire
        # cleanup_sandbox + save_trajectory so the dataset captures
        # everything that did happen.
        session.is_running = False
        return

    new_usage = cm.running_context_usage
    if new_usage != old_usage:
        logger.warning(
            "Context compacted: %d -> %d tokens (max=%d, %d messages)",
            old_usage,
            new_usage,
            cm.model_max_tokens,
            len(cm.items),
        )
        await session.send_event(
            Event(
                event_type="compacted",
                data={"old_tokens": old_usage, "new_tokens": new_usage},
            )
        )


async def _cleanup_on_cancel(session: Session) -> None:
    """Kill sandbox processes and cancel HF jobs when the user interrupts."""
    # Kill active sandbox processes
    sandbox = getattr(session, "sandbox", None)
    if sandbox:
        try:
            await asyncio.to_thread(sandbox.kill_all)
            logger.info("Killed sandbox processes on cancel")
        except Exception as e:
            logger.warning("Failed to kill sandbox processes: %s", e)

    # Cancel running HF jobs
    job_ids = list(session._running_job_ids)
    if job_ids:
        from huggingface_hub import HfApi

        api = HfApi(token=session.hf_token)
        for job_id in job_ids:
            try:
                await asyncio.to_thread(api.cancel_job, job_id=job_id)
                logger.info("Cancelled HF job %s on interrupt", job_id)
            except Exception as e:
                logger.warning("Failed to cancel HF job %s: %s", job_id, e)
        session._running_job_ids.clear()


@dataclass
class LLMResult:
    """Result from an LLM call (streaming or non-streaming)."""

    content: str | None
    tool_calls_acc: dict[int, dict]
    token_count: int
    finish_reason: str | None
    usage: dict = field(default_factory=dict)
    thinking_blocks: list[dict[str, Any]] | None = None
    reasoning_content: str | None = None


def _extract_thinking_state(
    message: Any,
) -> tuple[list[dict[str, Any]] | None, str | None]:
    """Return provider reasoning fields that must be replayed after tool calls."""
    provider_fields = getattr(message, "provider_specific_fields", None)
    if not isinstance(provider_fields, dict):
        provider_fields = {}

    thinking_blocks = (
        getattr(message, "thinking_blocks", None)
        or provider_fields.get("thinking_blocks")
        or None
    )
    reasoning_content = (
        getattr(message, "reasoning_content", None)
        or provider_fields.get("reasoning_content")
        or None
    )
    return thinking_blocks, reasoning_content


def _should_replay_thinking_state(model_name: str | None) -> bool:
    """Only Anthropic's native adapter accepts replayed thinking metadata."""
    return bool(model_name and model_name.startswith("anthropic/"))


def _is_invalid_thinking_signature_error(exc: Exception) -> bool:
    """Return True when Anthropic rejected replayed extended-thinking state."""
    text = str(exc)
    return (
        "Invalid `signature` in `thinking` block" in text
        or "Invalid signature in thinking block" in text
    )


def _strip_thinking_state_from_messages(messages: list[Any]) -> int:
    """Remove replayed thinking metadata from assistant history messages."""
    stripped = 0

    for message in messages:
        role = (
            message.get("role")
            if isinstance(message, dict)
            else getattr(message, "role", None)
        )
        if role != "assistant":
            continue

        if isinstance(message, dict):
            if message.pop("thinking_blocks", None) is not None:
                stripped += 1
            if message.pop("reasoning_content", None) is not None:
                stripped += 1
            provider_fields = message.get("provider_specific_fields")
            content = message.get("content")
        else:
            if getattr(message, "thinking_blocks", None) is not None:
                message.thinking_blocks = None
                stripped += 1
            if getattr(message, "reasoning_content", None) is not None:
                message.reasoning_content = None
                stripped += 1
            provider_fields = getattr(message, "provider_specific_fields", None)
            content = getattr(message, "content", None)

        if isinstance(provider_fields, dict):
            cleaned_fields = dict(provider_fields)
            if cleaned_fields.pop("thinking_blocks", None) is not None:
                stripped += 1
            if cleaned_fields.pop("reasoning_content", None) is not None:
                stripped += 1
            if cleaned_fields != provider_fields:
                if isinstance(message, dict):
                    message["provider_specific_fields"] = cleaned_fields
                else:
                    message.provider_specific_fields = cleaned_fields

        if isinstance(content, list):
            cleaned_content = [
                block
                for block in content
                if not (
                    isinstance(block, dict)
                    and block.get("type") in {"thinking", "redacted_thinking"}
                )
            ]
            if len(cleaned_content) != len(content):
                stripped += len(content) - len(cleaned_content)
                if isinstance(message, dict):
                    message["content"] = cleaned_content
                else:
                    message.content = cleaned_content

    return stripped


async def _maybe_heal_invalid_thinking_signature(
    session: Session,
    messages: list[Any],
    exc: Exception,
    *,
    already_healed: bool,
) -> bool:
    if already_healed or not _is_invalid_thinking_signature_error(exc):
        return False

    stripped = _strip_thinking_state_from_messages(messages)
    if not stripped:
        return False

    await session.send_event(
        Event(
            event_type="tool_log",
            data={
                "tool": "system",
                "log": (
                    "Anthropic rejected stale thinking signatures; retrying "
                    "without replayed thinking metadata."
                ),
            },
        )
    )
    return True


def _assistant_message_from_result(
    llm_result: LLMResult,
    *,
    model_name: str | None,
    tool_calls: list[ToolCall] | None = None,
) -> Message:
    """Build an assistant history message without dropping reasoning state."""
    kwargs: dict[str, Any] = {
        "role": "assistant",
        "content": llm_result.content,
    }
    if tool_calls is not None:
        kwargs["tool_calls"] = tool_calls
    if _should_replay_thinking_state(model_name):
        if llm_result.thinking_blocks:
            kwargs["thinking_blocks"] = llm_result.thinking_blocks
        if llm_result.reasoning_content:
            kwargs["reasoning_content"] = llm_result.reasoning_content
    return Message(**kwargs)


async def _call_llm_streaming(
    session: Session, messages, tools, llm_params
) -> LLMResult:
    """Call the LLM with streaming, emitting assistant_chunk events."""
    response = None
    _healed_effort = False  # one-shot safety net per call
    _healed_thinking_signature = False
    messages, tools = with_prompt_caching(messages, tools, llm_params.get("model"))
    t_start = time.monotonic()
    for _llm_attempt in range(_MAX_LLM_RETRIES):
        try:
            response = await acompletion(
                messages=messages,
                tools=tools,
                tool_choice="auto",
                stream=True,
                stream_options={"include_usage": True},
                timeout=600,
                **llm_params,
            )
            break
        except ContextWindowExceededError:
            raise
        except Exception as e:
            if _is_context_overflow_error(e):
                raise ContextWindowExceededError(str(e)) from e
            if not _healed_effort and _is_effort_config_error(e):
                _healed_effort = True
                llm_params = await _heal_effort_and_rebuild_params(
                    session, e, llm_params
                )
                await session.send_event(
                    Event(
                        event_type="tool_log",
                        data={
                            "tool": "system",
                            "log": "Reasoning effort not supported for this model — adjusting and retrying.",
                        },
                    )
                )
                continue
            if await _maybe_heal_invalid_thinking_signature(
                session,
                messages,
                e,
                already_healed=_healed_thinking_signature,
            ):
                _healed_thinking_signature = True
                continue
            _delay = _retry_delay_for(e, _llm_attempt)
            if _llm_attempt < _MAX_LLM_RETRIES - 1 and _delay is not None:
                logger.warning(
                    "Transient LLM error (attempt %d/%d): %s — retrying in %ds",
                    _llm_attempt + 1,
                    _MAX_LLM_RETRIES,
                    e,
                    _delay,
                )
                await session.send_event(
                    Event(
                        event_type="tool_log",
                        data={
                            "tool": "system",
                            "log": f"LLM connection error, retrying in {_delay}s...",
                        },
                    )
                )
                await asyncio.sleep(_delay)
                continue
            raise

    full_content = ""
    tool_calls_acc: dict[int, dict] = {}
    token_count = 0
    finish_reason = None
    final_usage_chunk = None
    chunks = []
    should_replay_thinking = _should_replay_thinking_state(llm_params.get("model"))

    async for chunk in response:
        chunks.append(chunk)
        if session.is_cancelled:
            tool_calls_acc.clear()
            break

        choice = chunk.choices[0] if chunk.choices else None
        if not choice:
            if hasattr(chunk, "usage") and chunk.usage:
                token_count = chunk.usage.total_tokens
                final_usage_chunk = chunk
            continue

        delta = choice.delta
        if choice.finish_reason:
            finish_reason = choice.finish_reason

        if delta.content:
            full_content += delta.content
            await session.send_event(
                Event(event_type="assistant_chunk", data={"content": delta.content})
            )

        if delta.tool_calls:
            for tc_delta in delta.tool_calls:
                idx = tc_delta.index
                if idx not in tool_calls_acc:
                    tool_calls_acc[idx] = {
                        "id": "",
                        "type": "function",
                        "function": {"name": "", "arguments": ""},
                    }
                if tc_delta.id:
                    tool_calls_acc[idx]["id"] = tc_delta.id
                if tc_delta.function:
                    if tc_delta.function.name:
                        tool_calls_acc[idx]["function"]["name"] += (
                            tc_delta.function.name
                        )
                    if tc_delta.function.arguments:
                        tool_calls_acc[idx]["function"]["arguments"] += (
                            tc_delta.function.arguments
                        )

        if hasattr(chunk, "usage") and chunk.usage:
            token_count = chunk.usage.total_tokens
            final_usage_chunk = chunk

    usage = await telemetry.record_llm_call(
        session,
        model=llm_params.get("model", session.config.model_name),
        response=final_usage_chunk,
        latency_ms=int((time.monotonic() - t_start) * 1000),
        finish_reason=finish_reason,
    )
    thinking_blocks = None
    reasoning_content = None
    if chunks and should_replay_thinking:
        try:
            rebuilt = stream_chunk_builder(chunks, messages=messages)
            if rebuilt and getattr(rebuilt, "choices", None):
                rebuilt_msg = rebuilt.choices[0].message
                thinking_blocks, reasoning_content = _extract_thinking_state(
                    rebuilt_msg
                )
        except Exception:
            logger.debug("Failed to rebuild streaming thinking state", exc_info=True)

    return LLMResult(
        content=full_content or None,
        tool_calls_acc=tool_calls_acc,
        token_count=token_count,
        finish_reason=finish_reason,
        usage=usage,
        thinking_blocks=thinking_blocks,
        reasoning_content=reasoning_content,
    )


async def _call_llm_non_streaming(
    session: Session, messages, tools, llm_params
) -> LLMResult:
    """Call the LLM without streaming, emit assistant_message at the end."""
    response = None
    _healed_effort = False
    _healed_thinking_signature = False
    messages, tools = with_prompt_caching(messages, tools, llm_params.get("model"))
    t_start = time.monotonic()
    for _llm_attempt in range(_MAX_LLM_RETRIES):
        try:
            response = await acompletion(
                messages=messages,
                tools=tools,
                tool_choice="auto",
                stream=False,
                timeout=600,
                **llm_params,
            )
            break
        except ContextWindowExceededError:
            raise
        except Exception as e:
            if _is_context_overflow_error(e):
                raise ContextWindowExceededError(str(e)) from e
            if not _healed_effort and _is_effort_config_error(e):
                _healed_effort = True
                llm_params = await _heal_effort_and_rebuild_params(
                    session, e, llm_params
                )
                await session.send_event(
                    Event(
                        event_type="tool_log",
                        data={
                            "tool": "system",
                            "log": "Reasoning effort not supported for this model — adjusting and retrying.",
                        },
                    )
                )
                continue
            if await _maybe_heal_invalid_thinking_signature(
                session,
                messages,
                e,
                already_healed=_healed_thinking_signature,
            ):
                _healed_thinking_signature = True
                continue
            _delay = _retry_delay_for(e, _llm_attempt)
            if _llm_attempt < _MAX_LLM_RETRIES - 1 and _delay is not None:
                logger.warning(
                    "Transient LLM error (attempt %d/%d): %s — retrying in %ds",
                    _llm_attempt + 1,
                    _MAX_LLM_RETRIES,
                    e,
                    _delay,
                )
                await session.send_event(
                    Event(
                        event_type="tool_log",
                        data={
                            "tool": "system",
                            "log": f"LLM connection error, retrying in {_delay}s...",
                        },
                    )
                )
                await asyncio.sleep(_delay)
                continue
            raise

    choice = response.choices[0]
    message = choice.message
    content = message.content or None
    finish_reason = choice.finish_reason
    token_count = response.usage.total_tokens if response.usage else 0
    thinking_blocks, reasoning_content = _extract_thinking_state(message)

    # Build tool_calls_acc in the same format as streaming
    tool_calls_acc: dict[int, dict] = {}
    if message.tool_calls:
        for idx, tc in enumerate(message.tool_calls):
            tool_calls_acc[idx] = {
                "id": tc.id,
                "type": "function",
                "function": {
                    "name": tc.function.name,
                    "arguments": tc.function.arguments,
                },
            }

    # Emit the full message as a single event
    if content:
        await session.send_event(
            Event(event_type="assistant_message", data={"content": content})
        )

    usage = await telemetry.record_llm_call(
        session,
        model=llm_params.get("model", session.config.model_name),
        response=response,
        latency_ms=int((time.monotonic() - t_start) * 1000),
        finish_reason=finish_reason,
    )

    return LLMResult(
        content=content,
        tool_calls_acc=tool_calls_acc,
        token_count=token_count,
        finish_reason=finish_reason,
        usage=usage,
        thinking_blocks=thinking_blocks,
        reasoning_content=reasoning_content,
    )


class Handlers:
    """Handler functions for each operation type"""

    @staticmethod
    async def _abandon_pending_approval(session: Session) -> None:
        """Cancel pending approval tools when the user continues the conversation.

        Injects rejection tool-result messages into the LLM context (so the
        history stays valid) and notifies the frontend that those tools were
        abandoned.
        """
        tool_calls = session.pending_approval.get("tool_calls", [])
        for tc in tool_calls:
            tool_name = tc.function.name
            abandon_msg = (
                "Task abandoned — user continued the conversation without approving."
            )

            # Keep LLM context valid: every tool_call needs a tool result
            tool_msg = Message(
                role="tool",
                content=abandon_msg,
                tool_call_id=tc.id,
                name=tool_name,
            )
            session.context_manager.add_message(tool_msg)

            await session.send_event(
                Event(
                    event_type="tool_state_change",
                    data={
                        "tool_call_id": tc.id,
                        "tool": tool_name,
                        "state": "abandoned",
                    },
                )
            )

        session.pending_approval = None
        logger.info("Abandoned %d pending approval tool(s)", len(tool_calls))

    @staticmethod
    async def run_agent(
        session: Session,
        text: str,
    ) -> str | None:
        """
        Handle user input (like user_input_or_turn in codex.rs:1291)
        Returns the final assistant response content, if any.
        """
        # Clear any stale cancellation flag from a previous run
        session.reset_cancel()

        # If there's a pending approval and the user sent a new message,
        # abandon the pending tools so the LLM context stays valid.
        if text and session.pending_approval:
            await Handlers._abandon_pending_approval(session)

        # Add user message to history only if there's actual content
        if text:
            user_msg = Message(role="user", content=text)
            session.context_manager.add_message(user_msg)

        # Send event that we're processing
        await session.send_event(
            Event(event_type="processing", data={"message": "Processing user input"})
        )

        # Agentic loop - continue until model doesn't call tools or max iterations is reached
        iteration = 0
        final_response = None
        errored = False
        max_iterations = session.config.max_iterations

        while max_iterations == -1 or iteration < max_iterations:
            # ── Cancellation check: before LLM call ──
            if session.is_cancelled:
                break

            # Compact before calling the LLM if context is near the limit.
            # When _compact_and_notify catches CompactionFailedError it sets
            # session.is_running = False; we MUST exit the loop here, otherwise
            # the LLM call below fires with an over-threshold context, hits
            # ContextWindowExceededError, and we end up looping again on the
            # except path — exactly the bug this PR is supposed to fix.
            await _compact_and_notify(session)
            if not session.is_running:
                break

            # Doom-loop detection: break out of repeated tool call patterns
            doom_prompt = check_for_doom_loop(session.context_manager.items)
            if doom_prompt:
                session.context_manager.add_message(
                    Message(role="user", content=doom_prompt)
                )

            malformed_tool = _detect_repeated_malformed(session.context_manager.items)
            if malformed_tool:
                recovery_prompt = (
                    "[SYSTEM: Repeated malformed tool arguments detected for "
                    f"'{malformed_tool}'. Stop retrying the same tool call shape. "
                    "Use a different strategy that produces smaller, valid JSON. "
                    "For large file writes, prefer bash with a heredoc or split the "
                    "edit into multiple smaller tool calls.]"
                )
                session.context_manager.add_message(
                    Message(role="user", content=recovery_prompt)
                )
                await session.send_event(
                    Event(
                        event_type="tool_log",
                        data={
                            "tool": "system",
                            "log": (
                                "Repeated malformed tool arguments detected — "
                                f"forcing a different strategy for {malformed_tool}"
                            ),
                        },
                    )
                )

            messages = session.context_manager.get_messages()
            tools = session.tool_router.get_tool_specs_for_llm()
            try:
                # ── Call the LLM (streaming or non-streaming) ──
                # Pull the per-model probed effort from the session cache when
                # available; fall back to the raw preference for models we
                # haven't probed yet (e.g. research sub-model).
                llm_params = _resolve_llm_params(
                    session.config.model_name,
                    session.hf_token,
                    reasoning_effort=session.effective_effort_for(
                        session.config.model_name
                    ),
                )
                if session.stream:
                    llm_result = await _call_llm_streaming(
                        session, messages, tools, llm_params
                    )
                else:
                    llm_result = await _call_llm_non_streaming(
                        session, messages, tools, llm_params
                    )

                content = llm_result.content
                tool_calls_acc = llm_result.tool_calls_acc
                token_count = llm_result.token_count
                finish_reason = llm_result.finish_reason

                # If output was truncated, all tool call args are garbage.
                # Inject a system hint so the LLM retries with smaller content.
                if finish_reason == "length" and tool_calls_acc:
                    dropped_names = [
                        tc["function"]["name"]
                        for tc in tool_calls_acc.values()
                        if tc["function"]["name"]
                    ]
                    logger.warning(
                        "Output truncated (finish_reason=length) — dropping tool calls: %s",
                        dropped_names,
                    )
                    tool_calls_acc.clear()

                    # Tell the agent what happened so it can retry differently
                    truncation_hint = (
                        "Your previous response was truncated because the output hit the "
                        "token limit. The following tool calls were lost: "
                        f"{dropped_names}. "
                        "IMPORTANT: Do NOT retry with the same large content. Instead:\n"
                        "  • For 'write': use bash with cat<<'HEREDOC' to write the file, "
                        "or split into several smaller edit calls.\n"
                        "  • For other tools: reduce the size of your arguments or use bash."
                    )
                    if content:
                        assistant_msg = _assistant_message_from_result(
                            llm_result,
                            model_name=llm_params.get("model"),
                        )
                        session.context_manager.add_message(assistant_msg, token_count)
                    session.context_manager.add_message(
                        Message(role="user", content=f"[SYSTEM: {truncation_hint}]")
                    )
                    if session.stream:
                        await session.send_event(
                            Event(event_type="assistant_stream_end", data={})
                        )
                    await session.send_event(
                        Event(
                            event_type="tool_log",
                            data={
                                "tool": "system",
                                "log": f"Output truncated — retrying with smaller content ({dropped_names})",
                            },
                        )
                    )
                    iteration += 1
                    continue  # retry this iteration

                # Build tool_calls list from accumulated deltas
                tool_calls: list[ToolCall] = []
                for idx in sorted(tool_calls_acc.keys()):
                    tc_data = tool_calls_acc[idx]
                    tool_calls.append(
                        ToolCall(
                            id=tc_data["id"],
                            type="function",
                            function={
                                "name": tc_data["function"]["name"],
                                "arguments": tc_data["function"]["arguments"],
                            },
                        )
                    )

                # Signal end of streaming to the frontend
                if session.stream:
                    await session.send_event(
                        Event(event_type="assistant_stream_end", data={})
                    )

                # If no tool calls, add assistant message and we're done
                if not tool_calls:
                    logger.debug(
                        "Agent loop ending: no tool calls. "
                        "finish_reason=%s, token_count=%d, "
                        "usage=%d, model_max_tokens=%d, "
                        "iteration=%d/%d, "
                        "response_text=%s",
                        finish_reason,
                        token_count,
                        session.context_manager.running_context_usage,
                        session.context_manager.model_max_tokens,
                        iteration,
                        max_iterations,
                        (content or "")[:500],
                    )
                    if content:
                        assistant_msg = _assistant_message_from_result(
                            llm_result,
                            model_name=llm_params.get("model"),
                        )
                        session.context_manager.add_message(assistant_msg, token_count)
                        final_response = content
                    break

                # Validate tool call args (one json.loads per call, once)
                # and split into good vs bad
                good_tools: list[tuple[ToolCall, str, dict]] = []
                bad_tools: list[ToolCall] = []
                for tc in tool_calls:
                    try:
                        args = json.loads(tc.function.arguments)
                        good_tools.append((tc, tc.function.name, args))
                    except (json.JSONDecodeError, TypeError, ValueError):
                        logger.warning(
                            "Malformed arguments for tool_call %s (%s) — skipping",
                            tc.id,
                            tc.function.name,
                        )
                        tc.function.arguments = "{}"
                        bad_tools.append(tc)

                # Add assistant message with all tool calls to context
                assistant_msg = _assistant_message_from_result(
                    llm_result,
                    model_name=llm_params.get("model"),
                    tool_calls=tool_calls,
                )
                session.context_manager.add_message(assistant_msg, token_count)

                # Add error results for bad tool calls so the LLM
                # knows what happened and can retry differently
                for tc in bad_tools:
                    error_msg = (
                        f"ERROR: Tool call to '{tc.function.name}' had malformed JSON "
                        f"arguments and was NOT executed. Retry with smaller content — "
                        f"for 'write', split into multiple smaller writes using 'edit'."
                    )
                    session.context_manager.add_message(
                        Message(
                            role="tool",
                            content=error_msg,
                            tool_call_id=tc.id,
                            name=tc.function.name,
                        )
                    )
                    await session.send_event(
                        Event(
                            event_type="tool_call",
                            data={
                                "tool": tc.function.name,
                                "arguments": {},
                                "tool_call_id": tc.id,
                            },
                        )
                    )
                    await session.send_event(
                        Event(
                            event_type="tool_output",
                            data={
                                "tool": tc.function.name,
                                "tool_call_id": tc.id,
                                "output": error_msg,
                                "success": False,
                            },
                        )
                    )

                # ── Cancellation check: before tool execution ──
                if session.is_cancelled:
                    break

                # Separate good tools into approval-required vs auto-execute.
                # Track reserved spend while classifying a batch so two
                # auto-approved jobs in one model response cannot jointly
                # exceed the remaining session cap.
                approval_required_tools: list[
                    tuple[ToolCall, str, dict, ApprovalDecision]
                ] = []
                non_approval_tools: list[
                    tuple[ToolCall, str, dict, ApprovalDecision]
                ] = []
                reserved_auto_spend_usd = 0.0
                for tc, tool_name, tool_args in good_tools:
                    decision = await _approval_decision(
                        tool_name,
                        tool_args,
                        session,
                        reserved_spend_usd=reserved_auto_spend_usd,
                    )
                    if decision.requires_approval:
                        approval_required_tools.append(
                            (tc, tool_name, tool_args, decision)
                        )
                    else:
                        non_approval_tools.append((tc, tool_name, tool_args, decision))
                        if (
                            decision.auto_approved
                            and decision.billable
                            and decision.estimated_cost_usd is not None
                        ):
                            reserved_auto_spend_usd += decision.estimated_cost_usd

                # Execute non-approval tools (in parallel when possible)
                if non_approval_tools:
                    # 1. Validate args upfront
                    parsed_tools: list[
                        tuple[ToolCall, str, dict, ApprovalDecision, bool, str]
                    ] = []
                    for tc, tool_name, tool_args, decision in non_approval_tools:
                        args_valid, error_msg = _validate_tool_args(tool_args)
                        parsed_tools.append(
                            (tc, tool_name, tool_args, decision, args_valid, error_msg)
                        )

                    # 2. Send all tool_call events upfront (so frontend shows them all)
                    for (
                        tc,
                        tool_name,
                        tool_args,
                        _decision,
                        args_valid,
                        _,
                    ) in parsed_tools:
                        if args_valid:
                            await session.send_event(
                                Event(
                                    event_type="tool_call",
                                    data={
                                        "tool": tool_name,
                                        "arguments": tool_args,
                                        "tool_call_id": tc.id,
                                    },
                                )
                            )

                    # 3. Execute all valid tools in parallel, cancellable
                    async def _exec_tool(
                        tc: ToolCall,
                        name: str,
                        args: dict,
                        decision: ApprovalDecision,
                        valid: bool,
                        err: str,
                    ) -> tuple[ToolCall, str, dict, str, bool]:
                        if not valid:
                            return (tc, name, args, err, False)
                        if decision.billable:
                            _record_estimated_spend(session, decision)
                        out, ok = await session.tool_router.call_tool(
                            name, args, session=session, tool_call_id=tc.id
                        )
                        return (tc, name, args, out, ok)

                    gather_task = asyncio.ensure_future(
                        asyncio.gather(
                            *[
                                _exec_tool(tc, name, args, decision, valid, err)
                                for tc, name, args, decision, valid, err in parsed_tools
                            ]
                        )
                    )
                    cancel_task = asyncio.ensure_future(session._cancelled.wait())

                    done, _ = await asyncio.wait(
                        [gather_task, cancel_task],
                        return_when=asyncio.FIRST_COMPLETED,
                    )

                    if cancel_task in done:
                        gather_task.cancel()
                        try:
                            await gather_task
                        except asyncio.CancelledError:
                            pass
                        # Notify frontend that in-flight tools were cancelled
                        for tc, name, _args, _decision, valid, _ in parsed_tools:
                            if valid:
                                await session.send_event(
                                    Event(
                                        event_type="tool_state_change",
                                        data={
                                            "tool_call_id": tc.id,
                                            "tool": name,
                                            "state": "cancelled",
                                        },
                                    )
                                )
                        await _cleanup_on_cancel(session)
                        break

                    cancel_task.cancel()
                    results = gather_task.result()

                    # 4. Record results and send outputs (order preserved)
                    for tc, tool_name, tool_args, output, success in results:
                        tool_msg = Message(
                            role="tool",
                            content=output,
                            tool_call_id=tc.id,
                            name=tool_name,
                        )
                        session.context_manager.add_message(tool_msg)

                        await session.send_event(
                            Event(
                                event_type="tool_output",
                                data={
                                    "tool": tool_name,
                                    "tool_call_id": tc.id,
                                    "output": output,
                                    "success": success,
                                },
                            )
                        )

                # If there are tools requiring approval, ask for batch approval
                if approval_required_tools:
                    # Prepare batch approval data
                    tools_data = []
                    blocked_payloads = []
                    for tc, tool_name, tool_args, decision in approval_required_tools:
                        # Resolve sandbox file paths for hf_jobs scripts so the
                        # frontend can display & edit the actual file content.
                        if tool_name == "hf_jobs" and isinstance(
                            tool_args.get("script"), str
                        ):
                            from agent.tools.sandbox_tool import resolve_sandbox_script

                            sandbox = getattr(session, "sandbox", None)
                            resolved, _ = await resolve_sandbox_script(
                                sandbox, tool_args["script"]
                            )
                            if resolved:
                                tool_args = {**tool_args, "script": resolved}

                        tool_payload = {
                            "tool": tool_name,
                            "arguments": tool_args,
                            "tool_call_id": tc.id,
                        }
                        if decision.auto_approval_blocked:
                            tool_payload.update(
                                {
                                    "auto_approval_blocked": True,
                                    "block_reason": decision.block_reason,
                                    "estimated_cost_usd": decision.estimated_cost_usd,
                                    "remaining_cap_usd": decision.remaining_cap_usd,
                                }
                            )
                            blocked_payloads.append(tool_payload)
                        tools_data.append(tool_payload)

                    event_data = {"tools": tools_data, "count": len(tools_data)}
                    if blocked_payloads:
                        first = blocked_payloads[0]
                        event_data.update(
                            {
                                "auto_approval_blocked": True,
                                "block_reason": first.get("block_reason"),
                                "estimated_cost_usd": first.get("estimated_cost_usd"),
                                "remaining_cap_usd": first.get("remaining_cap_usd"),
                            }
                        )
                    await session.send_event(
                        Event(
                            event_type="approval_required",
                            data=event_data,
                        )
                    )

                    # Store all approval-requiring tools (ToolCall objects for execution)
                    session.pending_approval = {
                        "tool_calls": [tc for tc, _, _, _ in approval_required_tools],
                    }

                    # Return early - wait for EXEC_APPROVAL operation
                    return None

                iteration += 1

            except ContextWindowExceededError:
                # Force compact and retry this iteration.
                cm = session.context_manager
                logger.warning(
                    "ContextWindowExceededError at iteration %d — forcing compaction "
                    "(usage=%d, model_max_tokens=%d, messages=%d)",
                    iteration,
                    cm.running_context_usage,
                    cm.model_max_tokens,
                    len(cm.items),
                )
                cm.running_context_usage = cm.model_max_tokens + 1
                await _compact_and_notify(session)
                # Same guard as the top of the loop: if compaction couldn't
                # bring us under threshold, _compact_and_notify has already
                # emitted session_terminated and set is_running=False. Continue
                # would just re-call the LLM with the same too-big context.
                if not session.is_running:
                    break
                continue

            except Exception as e:
                import traceback

                error_msg = _friendly_error_message(e)
                if error_msg is None:
                    error_msg = str(e) + "\n" + traceback.format_exc()

                await session.send_event(
                    Event(
                        event_type="error",
                        data={"error": error_msg},
                    )
                )
                errored = True
                break

        if session.is_cancelled:
            await _cleanup_on_cancel(session)
            await session.send_event(Event(event_type="interrupted"))
        elif not errored:
            await session.send_event(
                Event(
                    event_type="turn_complete",
                    data={
                        "history_size": len(session.context_manager.items),
                        "final_response": final_response
                        if isinstance(final_response, str)
                        else None,
                    },
                )
            )

        # Increment turn counter and check for auto-save
        session.increment_turn()
        await session.auto_save_if_needed()

        return final_response

    @staticmethod
    async def undo(session: Session) -> None:
        """Remove the last complete turn and notify the frontend."""
        removed = session.context_manager.undo_last_turn()
        if not removed:
            logger.warning("Undo: no user message found to remove")
        await session.send_event(Event(event_type="undo_complete"))

    @staticmethod
    async def exec_approval(session: Session, approvals: list[dict]) -> None:
        """Handle batch job execution approval"""
        if not session.pending_approval:
            await session.send_event(
                Event(
                    event_type="error",
                    data={"error": "No pending approval to process"},
                )
            )
            return

        tool_calls = session.pending_approval.get("tool_calls", [])
        if not tool_calls:
            await session.send_event(
                Event(
                    event_type="error",
                    data={"error": "No pending tool calls found"},
                )
            )
            return

        # Create a map of tool_call_id -> approval decision
        approval_map = {a["tool_call_id"]: a for a in approvals}
        for a in approvals:
            if a.get("edited_script"):
                logger.info(
                    f"Received edited script for tool_call {a['tool_call_id']} ({len(a['edited_script'])} chars)"
                )

        # Separate approved and rejected tool calls
        approved_tasks = []
        rejected_tasks = []

        for tc in tool_calls:
            tool_name = tc.function.name
            try:
                tool_args = json.loads(tc.function.arguments)
            except (json.JSONDecodeError, TypeError) as e:
                # Malformed arguments — treat as failed, notify agent
                logger.warning(f"Malformed tool arguments for {tool_name}: {e}")
                tool_msg = Message(
                    role="tool",
                    content=f"Malformed arguments: {e}",
                    tool_call_id=tc.id,
                    name=tool_name,
                )
                session.context_manager.add_message(tool_msg)
                await session.send_event(
                    Event(
                        event_type="tool_output",
                        data={
                            "tool": tool_name,
                            "tool_call_id": tc.id,
                            "output": f"Malformed arguments: {e}",
                            "success": False,
                        },
                    )
                )
                continue

            approval_decision = approval_map.get(tc.id, {"approved": False})

            if approval_decision.get("approved", False):
                edited_script = approval_decision.get("edited_script")
                was_edited = False
                if edited_script and "script" in tool_args:
                    tool_args["script"] = edited_script
                    was_edited = True
                    logger.info(f"Using user-edited script for {tool_name} ({tc.id})")
                selected_namespace = approval_decision.get("namespace")
                if selected_namespace and tool_name == "hf_jobs":
                    tool_args["namespace"] = selected_namespace
                approved_tasks.append((tc, tool_name, tool_args, was_edited))
            else:
                rejected_tasks.append((tc, tool_name, approval_decision))

        # Clear pending approval immediately so a page refresh during
        # execution won't re-show the approval dialog.
        session.pending_approval = None

        # Notify frontend of approval decisions immediately (before execution)
        for tc, tool_name, tool_args, _was_edited in approved_tasks:
            await session.send_event(
                Event(
                    event_type="tool_state_change",
                    data={
                        "tool_call_id": tc.id,
                        "tool": tool_name,
                        "state": "approved",
                    },
                )
            )
        for tc, tool_name, approval_decision in rejected_tasks:
            await session.send_event(
                Event(
                    event_type="tool_state_change",
                    data={
                        "tool_call_id": tc.id,
                        "tool": tool_name,
                        "state": "rejected",
                    },
                )
            )

        # Execute all approved tools concurrently
        async def execute_tool(tc, tool_name, tool_args, was_edited):
            """Execute a single tool and return its result.

            The TraceLog already exists on the frontend (created by
            approval_required), so we send tool_state_change instead of
            tool_call to avoid creating a duplicate.
            """
            await session.send_event(
                Event(
                    event_type="tool_state_change",
                    data={
                        "tool_call_id": tc.id,
                        "tool": tool_name,
                        "state": "running",
                    },
                )
            )

            await _record_manual_approved_spend_if_needed(session, tool_name, tool_args)

            output, success = await session.tool_router.call_tool(
                tool_name, tool_args, session=session, tool_call_id=tc.id
            )

            return (tc, tool_name, output, success, was_edited)

        # Execute all approved tools concurrently (cancellable)
        if approved_tasks:
            gather_task = asyncio.ensure_future(
                asyncio.gather(
                    *[
                        execute_tool(tc, tool_name, tool_args, was_edited)
                        for tc, tool_name, tool_args, was_edited in approved_tasks
                    ],
                    return_exceptions=True,
                )
            )
            cancel_task = asyncio.ensure_future(session._cancelled.wait())

            done, _ = await asyncio.wait(
                [gather_task, cancel_task],
                return_when=asyncio.FIRST_COMPLETED,
            )

            if cancel_task in done:
                gather_task.cancel()
                try:
                    await gather_task
                except asyncio.CancelledError:
                    pass
                # Notify frontend that approved tools were cancelled
                for tc, tool_name, _args, _was_edited in approved_tasks:
                    await session.send_event(
                        Event(
                            event_type="tool_state_change",
                            data={
                                "tool_call_id": tc.id,
                                "tool": tool_name,
                                "state": "cancelled",
                            },
                        )
                    )
                await _cleanup_on_cancel(session)
                await session.send_event(Event(event_type="interrupted"))
                session.increment_turn()
                await session.auto_save_if_needed()
                return

            cancel_task.cancel()
            results = gather_task.result()

            # Process results and add to context
            for result in results:
                if isinstance(result, Exception):
                    # Handle execution error
                    logger.error(f"Tool execution error: {result}")
                    continue

                tc, tool_name, output, success, was_edited = result

                if was_edited:
                    output = f"[Note: The user edited the script before execution. The output below reflects the user-modified version, not your original script.]\n\n{output}"

                # Add tool result to context
                tool_msg = Message(
                    role="tool",
                    content=output,
                    tool_call_id=tc.id,
                    name=tool_name,
                )
                session.context_manager.add_message(tool_msg)

                await session.send_event(
                    Event(
                        event_type="tool_output",
                        data={
                            "tool": tool_name,
                            "tool_call_id": tc.id,
                            "output": output,
                            "success": success,
                        },
                    )
                )

        # Process rejected tools
        for tc, tool_name, approval_decision in rejected_tasks:
            rejection_msg = "Job execution cancelled by user"
            user_feedback = approval_decision.get("feedback")
            if user_feedback:
                # Ensure feedback is a string and sanitize any problematic characters
                feedback_str = str(user_feedback).strip()
                # Remove any control characters that might break JSON parsing
                feedback_str = "".join(
                    char for char in feedback_str if ord(char) >= 32 or char in "\n\t"
                )
                rejection_msg += f". User feedback: {feedback_str}"

            # Ensure rejection_msg is a clean string
            rejection_msg = str(rejection_msg).strip()

            tool_msg = Message(
                role="tool",
                content=rejection_msg,
                tool_call_id=tc.id,
                name=tool_name,
            )
            session.context_manager.add_message(tool_msg)

            await session.send_event(
                Event(
                    event_type="tool_output",
                    data={
                        "tool": tool_name,
                        "tool_call_id": tc.id,
                        "output": rejection_msg,
                        "success": False,
                    },
                )
            )

        # Continue agent loop with empty input to process the tool results
        await Handlers.run_agent(session, "")

    @staticmethod
    async def shutdown(session: Session) -> bool:
        """Handle shutdown (like shutdown in codex.rs:1329)"""
        # Save session trajectory if enabled (fire-and-forget, returns immediately)
        if session.config.save_sessions:
            logger.info("Saving session...")
            repo_id = session.config.session_dataset_repo
            _ = session.save_and_upload_detached(repo_id)

        session.is_running = False
        await session.send_event(Event(event_type="shutdown"))
        return True


async def process_submission(session: Session, submission) -> bool:
    """
    Process a single submission and return whether to continue running.

    Returns:
        bool: True to continue, False to shutdown
    """
    op = submission.operation
    logger.debug("Received operation: %s", op.op_type.value)

    if op.op_type == OpType.USER_INPUT:
        text = op.data.get("text", "") if op.data else ""
        await Handlers.run_agent(session, text)
        return True

    if op.op_type == OpType.COMPACT:
        await _compact_and_notify(session)
        return True

    if op.op_type == OpType.UNDO:
        await Handlers.undo(session)
        return True

    if op.op_type == OpType.EXEC_APPROVAL:
        approvals = op.data.get("approvals", []) if op.data else []
        await Handlers.exec_approval(session, approvals)
        return True

    if op.op_type == OpType.SHUTDOWN:
        return not await Handlers.shutdown(session)

    logger.warning(f"Unknown operation: {op.op_type}")
    return True


async def submission_loop(
    submission_queue: asyncio.Queue,
    event_queue: asyncio.Queue,
    config: Config,
    tool_router: ToolRouter | None = None,
    session_holder: list | None = None,
    hf_token: str | None = None,
    user_id: str | None = None,
    local_mode: bool = False,
    stream: bool = True,
    notification_gateway: NotificationGateway | None = None,
    notification_destinations: list[str] | None = None,
    defer_turn_complete_notification: bool = False,
) -> None:
    """
    Main agent loop - processes submissions and dispatches to handlers.
    This is the core of the agent (like submission_loop in codex.rs:1259-1340)
    """

    # Create session with tool router
    session = Session(
        event_queue,
        config=config,
        tool_router=tool_router,
        hf_token=hf_token,
        user_id=user_id,
        local_mode=local_mode,
        stream=stream,
        notification_gateway=notification_gateway,
        notification_destinations=notification_destinations,
        defer_turn_complete_notification=defer_turn_complete_notification,
    )
    if session_holder is not None:
        session_holder[0] = session
    logger.info("Agent loop started")

    # Retry any failed uploads from previous sessions (fire-and-forget).
    # Includes the personal trace repo when enabled so a session that failed
    # to publish to the user's HF dataset gets a fresh attempt on next run.
    if config and config.save_sessions:
        Session.retry_failed_uploads_detached(
            directory="session_logs",
            repo_id=config.session_dataset_repo,
            personal_repo_id=session._personal_trace_repo_id(),
        )

    try:
        # Main processing loop
        async with tool_router:
            # Emit ready event after initialization
            await session.send_event(
                Event(
                    event_type="ready",
                    data={
                        "message": "Agent initialized",
                        "tool_count": len(tool_router.tools),
                    },
                )
            )

            while session.is_running:
                submission = await submission_queue.get()

                try:
                    should_continue = await process_submission(session, submission)
                    if not should_continue:
                        break
                except asyncio.CancelledError:
                    logger.warning("Agent loop cancelled")
                    break
                except Exception as e:
                    logger.error(f"Error in agent loop: {e}")
                    await session.send_event(
                        Event(event_type="error", data={"error": str(e)})
                    )

        logger.info("Agent loop exited")

    finally:
        # Emergency save if session saving is enabled and shutdown wasn't called properly
        if session.config.save_sessions and session.is_running:
            logger.info("Emergency save: preserving session before exit...")
            try:
                local_path = session.save_and_upload_detached(
                    session.config.session_dataset_repo
                )
                if local_path:
                    logger.info("Emergency save successful, upload in progress")
            except Exception as e:
                logger.error(f"Emergency save failed: {e}")