{'Sign Language and Fingerspelling Recognition': ['sign language and fingerspelling recognition'], 
    'Rule-based MT (RBMT)': ['rule-based machine translation'], 
    'Transformer Models': ['transformer models'], 
    'Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs)': ['recurrent neural networks'], 
    'Large Language Models (LLMs)': ['large language models'], 
    'Bilingual Lexicon Induction (BLI)': ['bilingual lexicon induction'], 
    'Hate and Offensive Speech Detection': ['hate and offensive speech detection'], 
    'Email Spam and Phishing Detection': ['email spam and phishing detection'], 
    'Fake News Detection': ['fake news detection'], 
    'Fake Review Detection': ['fake review detection'],
    'Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis (ABSA)': ['aspect-based sentiment analysis'], 
    'Dialogue State Tracking (DST)': ['dialogue state tracking'], 
    'Visual QA (VQA)': ['visual question answering'],
    'Open-Domain QA': ['open-domain question answering'],
    'Multiple Choice QA (MCQA)': ['multiple choice question answering'],
    'NLP for Social Media': ['natural language processing for social media'],
    'NLP for the Legal Domain': ['natural language processing for the legal domain'],
    'Prompt Engineering': ['prompt engineering'],
    'Acronyms and Abbreviations Detection and Expansion': ['acronyms and abbreviations detection and expansion'],
    'Paraphrase and Rephrase Generation': ['paraphrase and rephrase generation'],
    'NER for Nested Entities': ['named entity recognition for nested entities']
}