Houston Baptist beats Nicholls in extra innings
May 4, 2019 at 1:17 AM May 4, 2019 at 1:17 AM
After HBU junior centerfielder Chase Talbot tied the game with a solo home run in the top of the ninth, the Huskies rallied for four in the top of the 12th for an 11-7 victory over Nicholls in the Southland Conference series opener Friday night at Ray E. Didier Field.
Talbot went 3-for-5, adding a pair of triples, four RBIs and scored three times for HBU (16-9, 8-14 SLC). Senior catcher Erik Voller went 2-for-6, scoring twice and driving in a run and junior rightfielder Brandon Bena went 2-for-5 and scored a run. Junior shortstop Nathan Soriano drove in a pair of runs.
Senior righthander Daniel Endsley (1-3) earned the win, hurling four perfect innings in relief and striking out three. Senior starter Brady Batten allowed four runs on eight hits with three strikeouts and a walk in seven innings.
Champ Davison went 3-for-6 and scored a run and Alec Paz went 1-for-5 and scored twice for the Colonels (23-23, 10-12).
Beau Balado (1-4) took the loss, allowing two runs on a hit with seven strikeouts and a walk in 2 2/3 innings. Starter Trever Kilcrease gave up three runs on three hits with six strikeouts and a walk in six innings.
Paz singled to lead off the fourth and Mason Turner followed with an RBI double. Adam Tarver then singled to give the Colonels a 2-0 lead.
Kilcrease held the Huskies hitless through five innings, but Talbot led off the sixth with a triple to rightcenter and scored on Soriano's RBI groundout.
Bena led off the seventh with a single to left and went to second on a wild pitch. Voller laid down a bunt single, then Edmondson reached on a bunt single to load the bases with no outs. Bena was forced out at home, but the bases remained loaded when senior designated hitter Anthony Jones reach on the fielder's choice, then senior pinch hitter Derek Reilly laid down a squeeze bunt to tie the game and reached first for a single. Talbot unloaded the bases with another triple and Soriano brought him home with a single up the middle to put the Huskies ahead, 6-2.
Davison led off the eighth with a single, then Austin France drew a walk off Batten. Senior righthander JT Newton came in and hit Paz with his first pitch to load the bases. Pinch hitter Dane Simon laid down a bunt single and an error by Newton allowed another run to score to make the score 6-4. Adam Tarver was hit by a pitch to reload the bases, then Brady Bell walked to force in another run. Dillon Belle grounded into a double play as Simon scored to tie the game, 6-6. Waylon LeBlanc tried to bunt his way on, but Newton's throw to first was high and allowed Tarver to score the go-ahead run.
With one out in the ninth, Talbot blasted a solo shot to right, his fifth home run of the year, to tie the game, 7-7.
Endsley set the Colonels down in order in the ninth, 10th and 11th. Balado, who had struck out of seven of the eight batters he had faced, walked junior third baseman Trent Franson with one out in the 12th, then junior first baseman Johnny Gonzales singled up the middle on an 0-2 count to put runners on the corners and chase Balado from the game. Bena was intentionally walked to load the bases when Gonzales stole second, then Voller laid down a squeeze bunt single for the lead, but pitcher Nick Heckman's throw to first skipped into rightfield, allowing Gonzales and Bena to score and Voller to go all the way to third. Edmondson added a sacrifice fly to extend the Huskies' lead to 11-7.
Endsley once again set down Nicholls in order in the 12th to notch his first win of the season.
The series continues with a 4 p.m. start today, weather permitting, and concludes with a 2 p.m. first pitch Sunday.


Major Study of Religion Has Some Surprising Things to Say About Mormons
byFederalist Press | Feb. 08, 2016
Though originally published in 2012, these research findings are still relevant and hold true today. Plus, they illuminate some interesting tendencies among Latter-day Saints.
[An] important study of religion in America has, among other things, a good deal to say about members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. . . . [P]ublished under the title American Grace: How Religion Divides and Unites Us, the sociological study was conducted by scholars Robert D. Putnam and David E. Campbell and yields valuable insight to the nature and social effects of American religion.
Drawing from in-depth new surveys, the study's authors affirm that in many respects, religion in America exerts a healthy influence upon American society — one that typically promotes generosity, trust, neighborliness, and civic engagement. And while Mormons are a relatively small component of American society, the study data reveals that they play a conspicuous part in American religious life.
Among the study's findings related to Latter-day Saints are the following:
Mormons are among the most likely to believe that one true religion exists, but also that those outside their faith can attain salvation or reach "heaven."
The scholars behind the study conclude that while many American religions make claims to being exclusively "true," few religionists in the United States actually believe that "one true religion" exists. Of all American faiths, Mormons are most likely to affirm that there is a "true" faith (546). However, in what might seem a paradox to those unfamiliar with Mormonism, study data also indicate that while many Mormons believe that there is a "true" religion, Mormons are also the most convinced of any group that those outside their faith — including non-Christians — can "go to heaven" or gain salvation (535-537). While this belief is general among American believers, it is, according to the study, strongest among Latter-day Saints.
Read the rest of this story at federalistpress.com
Makes You Think Mormon Life Mormon Culture Study National Study ReligionMormon Culture,Study,National Study,Religion,Makes You Think Mormon Life
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Erin Hallstrom
R-Rated Movies: What Have the Prophets Actually Said?
Elizabeth Summers


"Ballet 422" Has Arrived
Nicole Loeffler-Gladstone
You've probably heard about the documentary Ballet 422, which is in theaters February 6. The film is directed by Jody Lee Lipes, and chronicles the making of New York City Ballet's 422nd world premiere: Justin Peck's Paz de la Jolla.
Peck has been remarkably busy since press for the documentary started picking up steam early last year. He premiered Debonair at Pacific Northwest Ballet, Heatscape at Miami City Ballet and was appointed New York City Ballet's second ever choreographer in residence—where he has premiered two more ballets this season.
Ballet 422 shows Peck earlier in his career, as he's still working out the nuances of what goes into making a produciton. Lipes followed Peck from his apartment to the studio; backstage in the costume shop to conversations with lighting designers. "Jody has a quiet voice as a filmmaker," says Peck. "He was really unobtrusive during the creation of the ballet." Lipes agrees that his intention in making the film was to hang back and let the action unfold physically. "I was learning about the ballet world, too," he says.
If you've ever been part of a professional production, the film won't function as a huge revelation. But Lipes does a great job capturing the details of the creative process, and the result is a satisfying peek into the magic of NYCB.
new york city ballet justin peck ballet 422 jody lee lipes


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Home » Loze v Pothin (CS 64/2016) [2018] SCSC 515 (25 May 2018);
Loze v Pothin (CS 64/2016) [2018] SCSC 515 (25 May 2018);
Cases considered:
Leveille v Pascal (5 of 2004) (5 of 2004) [2005] SCCA 7 (19 May 2005);
Legislation considered:
Civil Code of Seychelles Act
[2018] SCSC 515.docx
IN THE SUPREME COURT OF SEYCHELLES
Civil Side: CS 64/2016
[2018] SCSC 515
ANDY LOZE
HERBERT POTHIN
Heard: 16 May 2018
Counsel: Mr. Nichol Gabriel for plaintiff
Defendant absent and unrepresented.
Delivered: 25 May 2018
M. TWOMEY, CJ
Background facts
[1] The Plaintiff, the registered owner of Title C 3105, claimed that his land was enclaved. He would have to pass on the Defendant's land, Title C3106, contiguous to his land to reach the public road. Both the Plaintiff's and the Defendant's land are subdivisions of Title C1896.
[2] The Plaintiff claimed that on the survey plan for the subdivisions, a three metre right of way to his land was indicated from the main road and running along the west side of Title C3106 belonging to the Defendant.
[3] The Plaintiff claimed that he had no other way to access his land and asked the court to grant the three metre right of way as indicated on the survey plan.
[4] The Defendant in his statement of defence denied that the Plaintiff's land was enclaved and asked for a dismissal of the suit.
[5] The trial was adjourned on a number of occasions on the basis that the parties were making attempts to reach an amicable settlement. This did not materialise and the case was set down for hearing. On the date for hearing, the Defendant did not put up an appearance despite being served and the case proceeded in his absence. There was therefore no contest to the evidence as adduced by the Plaintiff.
Legal Submissions
[6] Mr. Gabriel, for the Plaintiff, submitted that the Plaintiff was entitled to a right of way relying on the authorities of Vadivello v Mart [1994] SLR 159, Leveille v Pascal (unreported) SCA5 /2004 and Umbricht v Lesperance (2007) SLR 221.
[7] These authorities are however of little assistance as the Plaintiff's land became enclaved as a result of the subdivision of the parent parcel, namely C1896. In these particular circumstances it is Article 684 of the Civil Code that applies. It provides:
"If the non‑access arises from a sale or an exchange or a division of land or from any other contract, the passage may only be demanded from such land as has been the subject of such transactions. However, if a sufficient passage cannot be provided from such land, paragraph 1 of article 682 shall apply.
[8] It is clear from the provisions above and Seychellois jurisprudence constante, namely the authorities of Azemia v Ciseau (1963-1966) SLR 199 Vol III (Azemia 1) Vadivelou v Otar (1974) SLR 216, Azemia v Ciseau (1978) SLR 158 (Azemia 2) and Georges v Basset (1983) SLR177 that where as in this case the enclaved land is a subdivision of a bigger plot of land and the enclavement arises from that fact, a right of way ought to be claimed from the land from which it is subdivided.
[9] In Vadivelou, the vendor of the enclaved land still owned the mother parcel from which the vendee's subdivision had been created. In those circumstances it was clear that the right of way ought to have been sought from the original vendor, the owner of the mother parcel, and not from the adjacent owner of another subdivision of the same mother parcel.
[10] In the present case, it is the Plaintiff's testimony, supported by documentary evidence, that his land, Title C3105, was extracted from Title C1896. It follows from Article 684 that the right of way should have been demanded from the owner of Title C1896. This poses a difficulty in the present case as the owner of the mother parcel no longer owns any land having divested herself of all the land through subdivisions. The question therefore arises as from whom the Plaintiff should seek a right of way.
[11] The same problem arose in Azemia (supra). Sauzier J in coming to a decision first explained the distinction between conventional and legal easements in French law from which our Article 684 is derived. He continued:
Under such principles the rule that the passage may only be demanded from the land which has been the subject of the transfer only applies where the non-access arises as the immediate result of the transfer. As a consequence of such limitation of the rule the right conferred by Article 684 can only be exercised by the original transferee and his "ayants cause à titre universel" such as his heirs but not by his "ayants cause à titre particulier" such as a person to whom the original transferee sells his land. Likewise, such right can only be exercised as against the original transferor and his "ayants cause à titre universel" such as his heirs, but not as against his "ayants cause à titre particulier" such as a person to whom the original transferor sells his land…"
[12] It would seem therefore that when, as in the present case, the land becomes enclaved through a subdivision, the right of way is deemed conventional as its creation would arise by agreement between the owners of the dominant and servient tenements. However, since the claim of the right of way from the original vendee, Helda Pierre, became extinguished on the transfer to the Defendant who is an ayant cause à titre particulier, the right of way cannot be sought under Article 684.
[13] Following the above authorities and also the courts pronouncement in Potter v Cable and Wireless Ltd (1971) SLR 334, the Plaintiff can only claim a right of way as against the owner of any properties by which his property is enclosed if he satisfies Articles 682 and 683 of the Civil Code.
[14] These provisions in summary state where one's property is enclosed on all sides with no access to the public highway forming an enclave, a right of way of necessity will be granted to that property. The right of way granted is generally the nearest to the public highway causing the least damage to other properties.
[15] I am satisfied from the testimony of the Plaintiff and the documentary evidence that his land, Title C3105, is enclaved and that a right of way needs to be created to allow access to the public road. In the absence of any evidence to the contrary, I also conclude that the three metre right of way as designated on the cadastral plan (Exhibit P2 (b)) is the least obtrusive and most direct and convenient route to the public road and will cause the least damage to other properties.
Orders of the court
[16] In the circumstances I order that a right of way is registered in favour of Title C3105 against Title C3106 as per the cadastral plan attached to this order (Exhibit P2(b)).
[17] I also grant a perpetual injunction restraining the Defendant from interfering with the Plaintiffs' use of the said right of way, from obstructing the said right of way or causing any damage to it.
[18] The whole with costs.
Signed, dated and delivered at Ile du Port on 25 May 2018
M. TWOMEY
Albert v Pillay & Ors (CS 61/2016) [2018] SCSC 519 (01 June 2018);
Desire Fred v Denise Fred & Anor (Civil Appeal SCA 18/2015) [2018] SCCA 29 (31 August 2018);
Sinon v Dine & Anor (CS 177/1999) [2001] SCSC 6 (19 March 2001);
Vannier v Hoareau & Ano (CS 70/2013) [2019] SCSC 458 (05 June 2019);
Sybille Cardon de Lichtbuer v Rene ((Civil Side No: 320 of 2004)) [2011] SCSC 93 (17 November 2011);
Government of the Seychelles
National Assembly of the Seychelles
Bar Association of the Seychelles
University of Seychelles (Law)
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LII of India


Best Artist Books and Movies for Kids and Adults
Although I don't think it is necessary to study the lives of individual artist to enjoy and connect with their artwork, hearing stories about artists can make their art come alive in new and exciting ways.
Several months ago, I received a message from a reader. This is what she said.
My number one struggle in teaching art to my kids is making artists come alive. I really want them to grasp art from cave drawings to modern art. To help them understand that there is a person behind each piece that has lived through struggles and joys. I want them to understand that art is an expression of the soul creating it.
~Tee from Wisteria and Worms
I love her statement here, because art is about people and connecting with people. When you are moved by a work of art, you are moved because of the person behind that artwork and what they were thinking and feeling. I believe art becomes more powerful when you recognize that truth.
I will never forget reading The Agony and the Ecstasy about Michelangelo. I read it before I studied abroad in Italy in college. After reading that book, I felt like I intimately knew both Michelangelo and where he lived, Florence, Italy. Going to Florence after reading that book was a magical experience for me.
Here are my favorite biographical novels, movies, and children's books for both kids AND adults!
These links are affiliate links which help financially support the work I do for you on Art Class Curator. Thank you for your support!
Books about Artists for Kids
Henri's Scissors by Jeanette Winter
Action Jackson by Jan Greenberg and Sandra Jordan
Uncle Andy's by James Warhola
Frida by Jonah Winter
Diego by Jonah Winter
My Name Is Georgia by Jeanette Winter
The Fantastic Jungles of Henri Rousseau by Michelle Markel
Laurence Anholt's Books about Artists For Children
This is a great series of books where artists and children meet.
Degas and the Little Dancer
Cezanne and the Apple Boy
The Magical Garden of Claude Monet
Leonardo and the Flying Boy
van Gogh and the Sunflowers
Picasso and the Girl with a Ponytail
Camille and the Sunflowers
Papa Chagall, Tell Us a Story
Matisse, King of Colour
Movies and Books about Artists for Adults
Books about Artists
The Agony and the Ecstasy: A Biographical Novel of Michelangelo by Irving Stone
The Lives of the Artists by Giorgio Vasari
The Passion of Artemisia: A Novel by Susan Vreeland
Lust for Life by Irving Stone
Other Books about Artists
Tracy Chevalier and Susan Vreeland write good books surrounding artists but the historical accuracy isn't as good, so I didn't put them in the above list. I also really want to read The Private Lives of the Impressionists, but since I haven't read it, I didn't put in on the list. 🙂
Do you want to get closer to the lives of the artists? Come with me to Paris! You can also walk the same streets and drink coffee at the same cafes as the great artists who made their home in Paris.
If you like this, you may also like:
Filed Under: Art, Books, Early Childhood / Preschool, Lower Elementary, Upper Elementary Tagged With: andy warhol, artemisia gentileschi, basquiat, books, camille pissarro, diego rivera, edgar degas, frida kahlo, georgia o'keeffe, giorgio vasari, henri matisse, henri rousseau, jackson pollock, leonardo da vinci, marc chagall, michelangelo, pablo picasso, paul cezanne, vincent van gogh
Julia Anderson says
What about the movie The Monuments Men? I'm listening to the book right now, which adds lots more detail, of course. My teens and I are studying WW2 and this is a very interesting story, adding to our understanding of the times.
Cindy, The Art Curator for Kids says
Ooh good one! Thanks! I haven't seen it yet. I started the book but didn't finish. I'll add it to the list once I have seen or read it. I don't want to recommend something I haven't seen!
Sarah Merrill says
I watched this with my high school students last year and they enjoyed it. I have a pretty rough-and-tumble crowd, and many movies fail to hold their attention, but this one managed to do it. They were so shocked that it was (loosely) based on a true story.
Amy Dalton says
How about "The Noisy Paint Box: The Colors and Sounds of Kandinsky's Abstract Art"? This is a lovely story with exquisite illustrations (a recent Caldecott Honor recipient).
Thanks! I hadn't seen that one. I'll check it out. 🙂
jennu says
I also enjoyed "Modigliani", with Andy Garcia in the lead role. It is definitely an adult movie though.
Ooh, I'll look out for that one.
Kourtnie says
Hi I love this post!!! Do you have an recommendations for kid friendly (elementary level) movies? I find it difficult to show the lives of the artists via movie because of the content and I'd like to show a movie at the end of the year in my calss to close out the year. No luck finding one so far… 🙂
My middle school students LOVED Spirited Away. It's beautiful, and I think the animation alone makes it connect enough to art.
Vada says
Yes on Spirited Away! My middle schoolers love it as well.
I'm having a really hard time finding middle school level books about artists for my class library. They don't need to be heavily illustrated, although that would be a plus. Graphic novels would be amazing. But while a lot of my students can get into the illustrations and artwork in the books for youngers, a lot also turn up their noses bc "those are baby books." And with all the pressure to constantly push literacy and reading in every course….. I'm having trouble. Any ideas?
Bronwyn Gibson White says
My high school students love Tim Burton's Big Eyes. Cool story and cool looking…
Cindy Ingram says
Oh I love that one too! Thanks!
Janet Marsano says
The new Van Gogh: Loving Vincent and the Rape of Europa which is actual footage of the Monuments Men during WWII


Grant making a name for himself at UMD
Aaron Roth remembers standing on the sidelines at the Metrodome in 2009, forced to watch his Wayzata football team take on Eden Prairie in the Minnesota large-school state quarterfinals because of an ankle injury.
The game was a classic defensive struggle, with Eden Prairie senior tight end Taylor Grant scoring the only touchdown in the Eagles' 7-3 victory.
"Taylor made an unbelievably tough catch," Roth said. "I remember watching that and thinking, 'Wow, that kid is pretty talented.' He was the difference maker."
Little did they know that five years later they would not only be teammates for the Minnesota Duluth Bulldogs, but roommates as well. Grant, the grandson of Minnesota Vikings coaching legend Bud Grant, has emerged as a leader on and off the field for the Bulldogs going into their NSIC home game at 1:05 p.m. Saturday with Bemidji State.
Taylor Grant transferred to UMD from North Dakota before last season.
"Taylor fit in immediately," Roth said. "He is just one of those guys everybody loves. I've only known him for a year and a half, but it seems like it's been five or six years already. He's very personable. Taylor can walk in a room with a bunch of strangers and walk out five minutes later and be friends with everybody. That's just the way he is. He's just a great guy to be around."
That is not to say he's not a competitor, a byproduct of being part of football family that includes his father, Mike Grant, who in 20 years has built Eden Prairie into arguably the state's best football program. Taylor's uncle, Bruce Grant (1980-83), and cousin, Rick Fritz (1998-2002), both starred at quarterback for the Bulldogs. Bruce's daughter, Natalie, is a freshman at UMD and Bruce was up here last weekend for homecoming.
"I know the tradition here," Taylor Grant said. "I don't think I could have picked a better place. If you want to compete for a national championship, this is where you want to be."
Taylor Grant was recruited by the Bulldogs out of high school and even took an official visit to Duluth, but he got a full scholarship offer from North Dakota, which was making the move up to the Football Championship Subdivision ranks. After redshirting in 2010, he was the long snapper for two years. Grant hoped to compete for the starting tight end position but was sidelined by mononucleosis during spring football in 2013. North Dakota's program, meanwhile, was struggling and the offense and coaching staff were in flux.
"I just wasn't enjoying football as much as I thought I could," Taylor Grant said. "I love football and just wanted to have a fun playing again, and that's what I've found here. I never wanted to have that feeling like I wanted to be done."
Taylor Grant, 6-foot-5 and 250 pounds, caught five passes for 66 yards and two touchdowns in his first season with the Bulldogs last fall. Grant has moved into a starting role this season after UMD graduated its starting duo of Jeremy Reierson and Pat Alexander.
This season Grant has caught 10 passes for 79 yards and a touchdown while also being a solid blocker for a Bulldogs team that is seventh in NCAA Division II at 308 rushing yards per game.
"We liked Taylor in high school, so when he gave us a phone call and decided to transfer, we were excited to have him," UMD coach Curt Wiese said. "He's been a great addition to our football team. He's been a leader for us, always very positive. He's just a great kid from a great program. We can take as many good Eden Prairie football players as we can get."
While Mike Grant has made all of Taylor's games this season, Bud, an avid outdoorsman, was only able to make the Southwest Minnesota State game on Sept. 20 in Duluth. Then, he immediately went back to his cabin in Gordon, Wis. This is his busy season, Taylor said, criss-crossing the country for various duck and deer openers.
Bud Grant is a Superior native who guided the Vikings to four Super Bowl appearances. He was a disciplinarian in the military style, kind of like his old friend and Minnesota Gophers teammate Jim Malosky, who coached the Bulldogs for 40 years.
Taylor Grant said his father's coaching style is very laid back, a product of his personality and having played for St. John's legend John Gagliardi, known for an unorthodox style that in many ways was ahead of its time. Taylor remembers only three practices in full pads during his three years of varsity at Eden Prairie, which has won nine state titles since 1996, including three straight.
Taylor Grant laughed after being asked what grandpa would say about Mike Grant's approach.
"I don't think he can say too much, right?" Taylor Grant said. "He's been pretty successful, but they both try to establish the same principles in their players. They just go about it differently. Grandpa had an old-school style as a football coach, but everything he did had a reason and a purpose. He has a lot of common sense."
Taylor Grant is a communications major with a minor in coaching. He has a 3.2 grade-point average and will graduate in the spring. If he decides to pursue coaching, he could look for a graduate assistant job or possibly coach with his father at Eden Prairie, something he said would be a great life experience.
Mike Grant, who also is Eden Prairie's athletic director, had college coaching offers but stayed with the Eagles, in part so he could coach Taylor and his older brother, Ryan Grant, who went on to play linebacker for the Minnesota Gophers. They won the Minnesota large-school state title together in 2007.
"That was his dream," Taylor Grant said of his dad. "I don't think he'd change anything. He's a lot like my grandpa. He doesn't need to take another coaching job or move up. He is very happy with his situation, and that's all that matters."
That is the same approach to life Taylor takes.
Taylor Grant is proud of his family name. It is a big part of who he is and why he loves football and the outdoors, but he doesn't let it define him. He might go into coaching, he might not. Either way, he is going to be doing something he wants to do.
"Taylor just wants to be one of the guys," Roth said. "He understands the success his family has had, but he doesn't ride that success. He doesn't say, 'I'm Bud's grandson.' He's just Taylor. He understands where his family has been and he understands what he wants to do with his life and what legacy he wants to leave. He's making a name for himself at UMD as football player and as a person."


NOYZR is our own rock band of the same name which has it's roots in Berlin, Germany. There we had our own studio at which we produced two records with our former band. After we moved to the US and changed the name of the project we released our first single 'Symptoms' – an all in-house production.
The song is a rock answer to all the weirdness and frustration that seem to have become the norm lately.
A follow-up is as good as finished and will come in the first half of November.
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July 2019 | Table of Contents
UCLA Magazine | July 1, 2019
First Movers: Four Pioneering Faculty Women
Undaunted by bias or condescension, four extraordinary women helped shape UCLA.
Alyson Aliano
The gleaming new facility on the Lundquist campus.
Paramedics. Nurse practitioners. Improved survival rates for premature babies. And, most recently, the first new treatment for sickle cell disease in two decades. All of these medical advances were pioneered by UCLA researchers at the Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation in Torrance.
Bruin Brews
From South El Monte to South Korea, Bruins are making beer their business. These five UCLA alumni are redefining the craft beer industry in Southern California and beyond.
In April, the University of Cincinnati's Mick Cronin became the 14th head coach in UCLA men's basketball history.
UCLA's Centennial Celebration features four initiatives.
At Issue: Bruins for Life
Everyone who attends UCLA automatically becomes a lifelong member of the UCLA Alumni Association.
Change Agent: Rainbow Radio
Kathy Tu couldn't speak English when she came to the U.S. at age 5. Now she's a popular voice for the LGBTQ community and beyond at New York's WNYC.
Sam Comen
Forward Thinker: Making Magic
Engineering Professor Leonard Kleinrock had his first technological "aha moment" at age 7. But the big one came in 1969, when he and one of his students sent the first computer-to-computer message, giving birth to the Internet.
Life Signs: Laughing All the Way
Author and scholar Norman Cousins' pioneering research on the impact of humor on health continues through the center that bears his name.
Lighting the Way: Royce's Role
The man for whom UCLA's flagship building is named was a proponent of idealism and devotion to a cause — fitting for the university's legacy of optimism and service.
Mr. Good Boy
A UCLA alum has created a mobile record store that puts a vinyl lover's spin on L.A. cart culture.
After 38 years at UCLA, Cyndi Gallagher '83 is stepping down as head coach of the women's swimming and diving team.
Storytelling as Change Agent
Thanks to a seed grant from the UCLA Pritzker Center, the Center for Scholars & Storytellers is exploring how entertainment media can highlight issues in foster care.
The Gray Space of The Good Place
A UCLA philosophy professor has worked as a consultant in the writers room for NBC's The Good Place.
Walk-off Championship
In June, UCLA's softball team walked off with the program's 13th Women's College World Series title.
Tags: UCLA Magazine


TobaccoUnmasked
From TobaccoUnmasked
2 Political Positions held
3 Tobacco related Activities
3.1 Positive involvements in relation to Tobacco Control
3.1.1 Enactment of the National Authority on Tobacco and Alcohol (NATA) Act
3.1.2 Taking over the Thriposha Programme Management from Ceylon Tobacco Company PLC (CTC)
3.1.3 Mathata Thitha Initiative
3.2 Negative Involvements in relation to Tobacco Control
3.2.1 Influencing Tobacco Control Policies
3.2.2 Obtaining Sponsorships from CTC
3.2.3 Participation in CTC Activities
3.2.4 Appointing CTC Directors to Government Positions
4 Tobacco Unmasked Resources
Image 1: Mahinda Rajapaksa. Source: NEWS.LK website [1]
Mahinda Rajapaksa, born on 18th November 1945, was active in the Sri Lankan politics for the past five decades. He was elected to the parliament as the youngest Member of the Parliament in the history of Sri Lanka in 1970 at the age of 24. He served two terms as the 5th Executive President of Sri Lanka from 2006 to 2015. He was the leader of the Sri Lanka Freedom Party (SLFP), one of the two main political parties in Sri Lanka, from 2005 to 2015 and then became the leader of Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna, the new political party that spun off from the SLFP. With the win of the Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna candidate Gotabaya Rajapaksa at the Presidential Elections 2019, an interim government was formed on 21st November 2019, of which Mahinda Rajapaksa became the Prime Minister. He was also appointed as the Minister of Finance, Economy and Policy Development, Minister of Buddhasasana, Cultural and Religious Affairs and Minister of Urban Development, Water Supply and Housing Facilities. The interim government is to be in power until April 2020, which is the announced time line for general elections as of December 2019.[2][3][4]
He was the second son in a family of six sons and three daughters. He started education at the Richmond College in Galle, and later transferred to Nalanda and Thurstan Colleges in Colombo.[4] Mahinda Rajapaksa comes from a family with a background in politics. His father, D. A. Rajapaksa, was a member of the Parliament of Sri Lanka.[4] Three of his brothers, Chamal Rajapaksa, Gotabaya Rajapaksa and Basil Rajapaksa are active in politics. Gotabaya Rajapaksa, the former Defense Secretary when Mahinda Rajapaksa was the President, was elected as the 7th Executive President in Sri Lanka in November 2019. Chamal and Basil served as members of parliament during the Mahinda Rajapaksa's Presidentship, in which Chamal was the Speaker of the Parliament and Basil was the Cabinet Minister for Economic Development.[2][3][5][6]
Mahinda is married to Shiranthi Wickramasinghe and is the father to three sons: Namal, Yoshitha and Rohitha. Namal Rajapaksa, the eldest, is also active in politics, currently serving as a Member of the 8th Parliament of Sri Lanka.[7][4]
Political Positions held
5th Executive President in Sri Lanka (2005-2015)[3]
Prime Minister of Sri Lanka (2004-2005; 26 October 2018 – 15 December 2018; 21 November 2019 - present)[4][8][9][2]
Minister of Finance, Economy and Policy Development (November 2019 to date)[2]
Minister of Finance (November 2005 - November 2015)[2]
Minister of Buddhasasana, Cultural and Religious Affairs (November 2019 to date)[2]
Minister of Urban Development, Water Supply and Housing Facilities (November 2019 to date)[2]
Minister of Highways (2004–2005)[4]
Minister of Ports, Shipping and Fisheries (2001)[2]
Minister of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Development (1997-2001)[4]
Minister of Labor (1994-1997)[4]
Leader of the Opposition (2002-2004; 2018 to November 2019)[4][2]
Member of Parliament (1970 – 1977; 1989 – 2005; 2015 – to date)[2]
Chief Opposition Whip (2001)[2]
Tobacco related Activities
Positive involvements in relation to Tobacco Control
During his tenure as the 5th Executive President in Sri Lanka, following national level positive initiatives were implemented to control tobacco and related harm:
Enactment of the National Authority on Tobacco and Alcohol (NATA) Act
National Authority on Tobacco and Alcohol (NATA) Act, the legal framework to control tobacco and alcohol in Sri Lanka was enacted in 2006, during his 2nd year of tenure as the President of Sri Lanka.[10][11]
Taking over the Thriposha Programme Management from Ceylon Tobacco Company PLC (CTC)
The Thriposha programme, a nutrient supplementation programme for pregnant women and under-nourished children, funded by the public tax money, was earlier managed by the CTC as one of their corporate social investment projects. During President Rajapaksa's tenure, it was taken over by the government and handed over to the Ministry of Health.[12]
CTC is the British American Tobacco (BAT) subsidiary of Sri Lanka with a monopoly of cigarette manufacturing and sales within the country. Please refer to Tobacco Industry Country Profile – Sri Lanka and the Ceylon Tobacco Company PLC (CTC) pages for more details.
Mathata Thitha Initiative
Mathata Thitha (translating to "full stop to drugs") was a main strategic area mentioned in his Presidential Manifesto in the run up to the Presidential Elections 2005, and was subsequently implemented from 2005.[13][14]
Negative Involvements in relation to Tobacco Control
Influencing Tobacco Control Policies
His successor President Sirisena, publicly stated following his ascent to the president's office in 2015 that President Rajapaksa objected to implementing pictorial health warnings (PHWs) covering 80% of the surface area of cigarette packs. According to the media reports, President Rajapaksa had allegedly questioned about the need for 80% PHWs from the then Minister of Health Sirisena in the presence of the CTC representatives at the official residence of the President Rajapaksa (Temple Trees).[15][16]
CTC later took legal action against the then Minister of Health Sirisena, and Supreme Court subsequently ruled to reduce the PHWs to 50% - 60% of the surface area of the cigarette packs. The issue was a major point of political discussion in the run up to the 2015 Presidential Elections in Sri Lanka, of which former Minister of Health Sirisena emerged victorious defeating President Rajapaksa.
Obtaining Sponsorships from CTC
CTC was one of the sponsors of the Api Wenuwen Api (Be Together For All) housing project, a concept of Mahinda Rajapaksa to build 50,000 houses for members of Sri Lankan Armed Forces. CTC made a financial donation to the project in the presence of Mahinda Rajapaksa on 15 February 2008 as reported by LKVideos.com.[17] "as a request made by the President from business community" [18]
Participation in CTC Activities
Rajapaksa was present in the ceremonial event to commemorate the recruitment of the 10,000th Sustainable Agriculture Development Programme (SADP) family in November 2011 according to the CTC annual report 2013.[19] Sustainable Agriculture Development Programme (SADP) is the main corporate social investment project of the Ceylon Tobacco Company PLC (CTC). Please click on the link for more details.
Image 2: Excerpt of the image of CTC annual report 2013[19]
Appointing CTC Directors to Government Positions
According to the Constitution of Sri Lanka "all public officers required by the Constitution or other written law [are] to be appointed by the President, [including] the Attorney-General and the Heads of the Army, the Navy, the Air Force and the Police Force".[20]. Following appointments were made during the presidential period of Mahinda:
Jayampathi Bandaranayake, then Chairman of the CTC was appointed as the Chairman and the Director General of the Board of Investment (BOI) in 2010.[21] Please refer to our page Jayampathi Bandaranayake for more details.
Susantha Ratnayake, then a member of the board of directors of the CTC , was appointed as the Chairman of the Ceylon Tea board in 2010 and a Director of the Sri Lankan Airlines (the national flag carrier of Sri Lanka) in 2011.[22] Susantha Ratnayake later became the Chairman of the CTC . Please refer to our page Susantha Ratnayake for more details.
Tobacco Unmasked Resources
Sustainable Agriculture Development Programme (SADP)
Ceylon Tobacco Company PLC (CTC)
Susantha Ratnayake
Jayampathi Bandaranayake
Weeraketiya Police Station
The local language translations
↑ NEWS.LK. Mahinda Rajapaksa: a record of unwavering leadership, 7 April 2014, accessed March 2019
↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 Parliament of Sri Lanka. Mahinda Rajapaksa, undated, accessed November 2019
↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRITANNICA. Mahinda Rajapaksa, 11 August 2018, accessed March 2019
↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 The Famous People. Mahinda Rajapaksa Biography, undated, accessed March 2019
↑ Facebook. Basil Rajapaksa, undated, accessed November 2019
↑ Gotabaya Rajapaksa. Biography, undated, accessed November 2019
↑ Parliament of Sri Lanka. Namal Rajapaksa, undated, accessed November 2019
↑ YouTube. Ada Derana Prime Time News Bulletin 06.55 pm - 2018.12.15, 15 December 2018, accessed November 2019
↑ NDTV. Mahinda Rajapaksa Takes Oath As New Sri Lanka Prime Minister, 21 December 2019, accessed November 2019
↑ Samarasinghe N. Politics of tobacco control policymaking in Sri Lanka, 5 April 2017, Daily FT, Accessed June 2019
↑ PARLIAMENT OF THE DEMOCRATIC SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF SRI LANKA. NATIONAL AUTHORITY ON TOBACCO AND ALCOHOL ACT, No. 27 OF 2006, 1 September 2006, Accessed June 2019
↑ Dinamina. Thriposha Beda Harima Saukya Amathyanshaya Yatathata, 26 June 2010, Accessed June 2019
↑ De Silve L. Marked drop in alcohol, tobacco use, 29 July 2009, Accessed June 2019
↑ Asian Tribute. Mahinda Chinthana -Vision for the Future, undated, Accessed November 2019
↑ Subasinghe K. Amathiwarunge Balathala Araliyagaha Maduren Uduragath Yugaya Awasanayi, 12 February 2015, Divaina, Accessed June 2019
↑ Madugamuwa I. President proposes maximum vat on fags, 1 June 2016, Daily News e-paper, Accessed June 2019
↑ LKVideos.com. Api Wenuwen Api, Undated, accessed March 2019
↑ YouTube. High response for "Api Wenuwen Api", Undated, Accessed March 2019
↑ 19.0 19.1 Ceylon Tobacco Company PLC. Annual Report 2013, 2014, accessed May 2017
↑ The Constitution of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka. Public Officers, Undated, Accessed June 2019
↑ The Island online. SEC, BOI and CEA get new heads, 12 May 2010, The Island online, Accessed June 2019
↑ The Island online. Susantha appoints to SriLankan Airlines Board, 29 December 2011, Accessed June 2019
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Books > Buddhist > Art > On The Trail Of Buddha A Journey To The East
On The Trail Of Buddha A Journey To The East
by Deepankar Aron
On the Trail of Buddha - A Journey to the East is a unique sojourn in search of the spiritual, philosophical, and cultural linkages that bind India to the East Asian civilizations. From the wandering monks of Asia to the temples and monasteries they visited; from the statues and frescoes in grottoes to those in the museums; from the diverse ethnicities of the people to their common gods and goddesses - the book explores the 'ancient India', beautifully preserved in the traditions, art, and architecture of China, as also in Mongolia, Korea and Japan.
Deepankar Aron, recognised with the Presidential Award for his contributiom as an Indian Revenue Service officer, is also a passionate traveller and a consummate photographer and writer. His articles have, over the years, appeared in various magazines and newspapers. World Heritage Sites of Uttarakhand, his first pictorial book, was published in 2010.
This 'pilgrims progress' of Shri Deepankar reminds me of the words of the great Tang poet Li Shang-yin:
I who was given in a dream the brush of many colours Wish to write on petals a message to the clouds of morning.
A book wrapped in the gold of centuries from a thousand flowers of the mind. It is a journey of culture on a bullet train. Shri Deepankar must have spent six years to pen it and I have read it through in six hours: it is so fascinating in its flowing diction and minimum of technical details. It celebrates the last two millennia when Asian nations made the journey of the mind together; serene depths of thought, art and piety confluence in the rapture of roots. The living monasteries in East Asia and the desolation of the ruins in Central Asia due to theistic violence become the fascination of eyes in the evocative narrative of Shri Deepankar. He opens up the immensity of our lost heritage, like the grandeur of colossi in the Yun-kang caves, which are visive symbols of the majesty of the Avatamsaka tradition, reminiscent of the Bamiyan Buddhas. The Sanskrit text of the Gandavyuha-sutra calls them abhyuccadeva as towering over human life. He writes of the 17 m high Losan in the Longmen caves. Losan is Rocana in Sanskrit. In Japan, he is Roshana Daibutsu at the Todaiji Monastery, consecrated on 9 April 752, to give a lasting embodiment to Japan as a nation. Rocana/Vairocana means the Buddha of Light and reminds of the Indian name Roshan Lal. Shri Deepankar saw gigantic images of the Trinity of Buddhas of the Three Times of past, present and future, in Chinese monasteries. His own name comes from the Buddha of the past: Dipankara. The Buddha of the Present is the historic Shakyamuni and the Buddha of the Future is Maitreya. Dipankara Buddha was a resident of Ramyaka or Ramyavati, which has become Lamkan in the modern Dari dialect. It is a valley of lush greenery, a place fit for yogic meditation, where sages have sat in contemplation from the Upanishadic age.
Shri Deepankar speaks of holy temples atop mountains or besides rivers: the first requirement in the yoga-sutras is a beautiful spot in the captivating surrounds of nature. Why is Shri Deepankar inspired by the Buddhist sancta: perhaps the consciousness of his earlier incarnation awakens him to the plenitude of the subtle and profound, to the deeper ground of existence, as he is thrilled at every monastery. It is a where without a who.
He speaks of Dizang or Kshitigarbha atop the Jinhua Mountain in China, which rises 1342 metres above sea level. In its heyday during the Ming and Qing dynasties, it had 360 monasteries with 5000 monks and nuns. It is the most beautiful pilgrimage location in China. China has four sacred Buddhist mountains: Wutai, Jinhua, Emei and Putuo. They are the counterpart of the Indic concept of chaturdhama in Badrinath, Puri, Dwaraka and Shringeri, established by Shankaracharya. The main deity of Wutai Shan is Manjushri, that of Emei Shan is Samantabhadra, and that of Putuo is Avalokiteshvara. Putuo is a transcription of Potala. The immensity and void of space are the pristine beyond. The four sacred mountains in China are the ground for the flowering of the heart in a union of the human and divine.
The three monkeys on the table of Mahatma Gandhi were given to him by venerable Fuji Guruji. Gandhiji was curious to know if the three noble negations-not to see evil, not to speak evil, not to hear evil (mizaru, kikazaru, iwazaru)-had any relation to Hanuman. He asked my father Prof. RaghuVira who told him that in India the animals represent innocence. They know no guile and have no conditioning. They have an artless purity. A monkey gave honey to Lord Buddha in the city of Vaishali and was reborn as Emperor Ashoka. The three monkeys are the honey of the mind. Spiritual values are integral to life.
Shri Deepankar speaks of the White Horse Monastery as the birthplace of Buddhism in China. The Yueh-chih were supplying horses from Kambuja (modern Ferghana) to the Chinese Emperor Shih-huang-ti of the Chin dynasty for the construction of the Great Wall of China. They were Buddhists by faith, Sanskrit was language of their culture, and they gave the name Chin or China to the Middle Kingdom by Sanskritising the name of the Chin dynasty (246-207 BC). An akara had to be added to the Chinese word chin for ease of declension in Sanskrit. They had brought Buddhist scriptures to China in 217 BC but they had to bury them in the ground due to imperial wrath. Kasyapa Matanga (also Kasyapamatanga) and Dharmaratna came to China from the Yueh-chih Court at the invitation of the Chinese Emperor. The high steeds for the Chinese cavalry came from the lands of the Yueh-chihs to the precincts, which were to become the White Horse Monastery. A graffiti, with the name Hayamvihara or Horse Monastery, has been discovered in Uzbekistan. Buddhist monasteries were centres of Dharma where transnational merchants stayed and made munificent donations. A chain of monasteries from Ferghana to Chang-an and Loyang linked China to Buddhism.
The Dayunjing is the Mahamegha-sutra, which was written in South India, as detailed by Prof. Sylvain Levi. It has an intimate knowledge of South India and speaks of the glorious reign of a queen on the Krishna River. Confucianism did not accept an empress and Empress Wu had to find her legitimation in the Mahamegha-sutra. Buddhist monks like Itsing, Chintamani from Kashmir and Bodhiruci the translator of Ratnamegha-sutra lauded her role as empress. She rewarded nine monks for their new concept of political power. She supervised the translation of the Avatamsaka-sutra whose main Buddha is Rocana or Losan in Chinese. It is understandable that the Losan Buddha has her face (p. 38) in the Longmen Caves.
The musicians in the frescoes of Dunhuang (p. 63) reflect the Sukhavati, the Pure Land of Amitabha. They represent three stages of nadalaya. On the first level the musicians play percussion instruments, wind instruments on the second level, and string instruments on the third level. The highest is the anahata-nada where the musical instruments are not (an) played (ahata). They are floating in the sky and are akashi dharana where the mind becomes absorbed in the Supreme (Hathayoga-pradipika, stanza 99).
The flying goddesses are not apsaras or fairies but the four goddesses of worship (puja-devi): offering flowers (Goddess Pushpa), incense (Goddess Dhupa), lamp (Goddess Deepa) and fragrance (Goddess Gandha). Pushpa represents samadhi. Dhupa carries a fuming incense-pot and the burning incense is the perfection of insight. The fragrance of ethics satisfies all sentient beings. Deepa symbolises the light of knowledge, illuminating the darkness of ignorance. Gandha is the mind of enlightenment. The murals of Dunhuang are related to various texts and represent philosophical concepts as well as are means to contemplation. They are the cosmos as a continuous process of unfolding itself. The immortal winds of the goddesses caress the human mind with the power dormant in the rhythm of spring. The vibrations of their flight are direction and directive to enwoven light and love in the hearts of men.
It was an old, dilapidated structure, destroyed with such vigour that it was difficult to make out what it was until two octogenarian Japanese women stopped in front of it with folded hands, facing what seemed to be the sanctum sanctorum of a temple. If it was surprising that they should travel thousands of miles, at their age, as pilgrims to this nondescript corner of China called Karakhoja, it was even more surprising to discover that while one was a Buddhist priest, the other was a worshipper of Lord Krishna-The Hindu Lord whose sacred message forms the essence of the Indian holy book, Gita.
Karakhoja, the capital of the Xinjiang between the 9th and 14th centuries, lies close to Turpan, strategically placed on the Silk Road that connects China to Central Asia and India. Naturally, it was a centre of Buddhism for many centuries. Buddhism made its entry into China from Karakhoja and, eventually, reached as far as Japan. In those days, the place must have been like a modern-day Hong Kong or Singapore, bustling with people from different nationalities and cultures-a mix of local Uyghurs, Sogdians, Tocharians, Huns, Tibetans, Chinese, Mongols, Indians. No wonder then, the airport at Urumqi makes announcements in Japanese, till this day.
The story of these two unlikely Japanese pilgrims, to which I was a first-hand witness, epitomises the theme of this book-exploring the richness, depth, and breadth of the spiritual, philosophical, and cultural linkages that bind India to the East Asian civilisations of China, Japan, Korea, and Mongolia.
The book straddles between different regions of East Asia, from Kashgar in Xinjiang in the west to Koyasan in Japan in the east; from Ulaanbaatar in Mongolia in the north to Kaohsiung in Taiwan in the south. It is as much about the discovery of a tremendous unity in diversity, as it is about hopping between different time zones separated by 2000 years of history-from the first Buddhist temple in China, in Luoyang, in AD 67 (Ch. 1), to the modern-day Tian Tan Buddha of Hong Kong (Ch. 4); from the decrepit cave temples of Bezeklik and Turpan in Xinjiang (Ch. 1), built more than a thousand years ago to the modern-day temple complexes and museums of Famen Si in Xi'an (Ch. 1) and Fo Guang Shan in Kaohsiung (Ch. 4), and the well-preserved temples of Kyoto (Ch. 6).
These journeys were not undertaken with the idea of writing a book, at first. On the Trail of Buddha-A Journey to the East took shape slowly when a propitious chain of circumstances, made way from one place to another, starting with the longest pilgrimage in the world-Kailash. There were several challenges along the way, like that of language, distances, permissions, scarcity of time and resources, but none prevailed. Undertaken by all modes of transport, some atop camels, mules and horses and others on foot involving treks, especially the ones in Tibet, the most exciting one was, of course, the high-speed trains of Japan, China, and Taiwan. The endeavour has been to present all those experiences through images and through first-hand accounts.
The book has been divided into six chapters, for ease of navigation. The first one covers the ancient cities along the Silk Road in China that were significantly responsible for the spread of Buddhism from India into not only China but into much of East Asia. The second one covers the North-South trade axis that connects China with Mongolia. The third one moves from Sichuan in south-western China to the primordial Kailash Parvat or Kang Rinpoche and the lake, Mansarovar or Mapham Yumtso in Tibet. The fourth one moves in the south-eastern coastal China and Taiwan from Hong Kong to Shanghai, touching Hangzhou, Suzhou, Nanjing. It then moves from Taipei to Kaohsiung passing through the city of Tainan, dotted with temples. Possibly one of the most prosperous regions of China, with many modern cities, it is not a surprise that most of the grandest and tallest statues of Buddha have come up here, in the recent past. The fifth one meanders inside the calmness of Korea, and last but not the least, comes the Land of Rising Sun-a place where history, tradition, religion, and culture are seen most beautifully preserved. In each of these regions, five to ten representative cities have been taken up. In each of them, quite a few destinations have been highlighted. Together, they make 98 destinations in 37 places, scattered across the East Asian region.
From the wandering monks of Asia to the temples and monasteries they frequented; from the statues and frescoes in grottoes and temples to those in museums; from the emperors who embraced Buddhism to the relics of Buddha spread far and wide; from the diverse ethnicities of the people to their common gods and goddesses-this book attempts to touch upon the very ethos of the East Asian culture and its deep-rooted linkages with the Indian civilisation, which many do not know.
THE WANDERING MONKS
We have learnt about Fa-Hien (Faxian) and Hiuen Tsang (Xuanzang) in history, the great Chinese travellers who came to India seeking spiritual knowledge and Buddhist scriptures in the 4th and 7th centuries respectively. The fact is, hundreds and thousands of monks travelled between India and China, China and Korea, China and Japan, Korea and Japan, contributing to the spread of Buddhism in most parts of Asia from the ancient times.
About 2000 years ago, the then Chinese emperor, Han Mingdi of the Eastern Han dynasty, had a dream in which a golden God appeared before him. When the king summoned his ministers the next day and asked them to explain the dream, he was told about the Great Buddha. Soon, at the invitation of the emperor, two Indian monks by the name of Dharmaratna and Kasyapa Matanga were escorted by Chinese envoys, who travelled down the Silk Road from north-west India to Luoyang, the then capital of China.
They set up the first recorded Buddhist temple of China called Baima Si (Ch. 1) or the White Horse Temple in AD 68 and spent the rest of their lives in this temple translating sutras from Sanskrit to Chinese. Their tombs are in the temple premises, and 2000 years down the line you can still feel their presence through their images captured and preserved with great care by temple authorities.
Over the next 1000 years, there was a continuous bilateral exchange of travellers and monks between the two great civilisations until the late 12th century. The attack of Bakhtiyar Khilji on Nalanda University in AD 1193, which left it burning for months, marked the end of a glorious chapter in the history of Asia. Similarly, the famous monastery of Shaolin (Ch. 1) was set up by the Indian monk (Chinese name Batuo), around AD 498. Another Indian monk called Bodhidharma or Damo made it iconic in AD 525. He is believed to have brought the South Indian martial arts of kalaripayattu into China, which blossomed into the world-renowned kung fu or wushu, later.
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Twisting and Turning Tyrannosaurs Made them Top Predators
By Mike| 2019-03-06T14:03:19+00:00	March 6th, 2019|Dinosaur and Prehistoric Animal News Stories, Dinosaur Fans, Main Page, Palaeontological articles|0 Comments
New Study Suggests Tyrannosaurids More Manoeuvrable than Other Large Theropods
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-La Crosse and the Oklahoma State University Centre for Health Sciences have applied mathematical models to assess the manoeuvrability of predatory dinosaurs. This research, published in the on-line journal PeerJ, involving numerous collaborators, suggests that large bodied Tyrannosaurs were more agile and able to turn more sharply than other similar sized Theropods such as Allosaurs and carcharodontosaurids.
A Large Tyrannosaur Attacks a Styracosaurus
Tyrannosaur fighting a horned dinosaur. A new study suggests that large bodied Tyrannosaurs may have been surprisingly agile.
Picture Credit: John Gurche
A Factor in the Evolutionary Success of Tyrannosaurs
The research involving complex mathematics, a study of animal anatomy and physics compared how rapidly meat-eating dinosaurs could turn their bodies. In summary, the scientists concluded that Tyrannosaurs could attack smaller, faster and more dangerous prey. It is suggested that the greater manoeuvrability of these carnivores may have been a factor in their evolutionary success.
Associate Professor at the University of Wisconsin-La Crosse, Eric Snively, in collaboration with co-author Haley O'Brien (Oklahoma State University Centre for Health Sciences) along with several other leading palaeontologists such as Professor Phil Currie (University of Alberta), demonstrated that whether a Tyrannosaur was dog-sized or a fully-grown, mature adult, it retained its agility and manoeuvrability.
Three-dimensional Computer Models Used to Test Tyrannosaurid Manoeuvrability
Computer models were created to examine the agility of tyrannosaurids.
Picture Credit: University of Wisconsin-La Crosse
Enhanced Agility Compared to Other Super-sized Theropods
Tyrannosaurs were assessed to be more agile as they had relatively short bodies (anteroposteriorly short thoracic regions, and cervical vertebrae that aligned into posterodorsally retracted necks). In summary, shorter bodies meant less turning resistance and even their tiny arms helped! In addition, long, tall ilia bones (part of the hip), provided plenty of room for huge leg muscle attachments that gave the power needed for rapid turns and pivots.
The Size of the Ilia (Hip Bones) was Used to Infer Muscle Size Along with Postulated Tail Depth
Mapping muscle groups to assess the agility of tyrannosaurids. Tyrannosaur musculature was compared to that of an extant alligator.
Picture Credit: PeerJ
In terms of the fastest results from the Tyrannosaur family, a horse-sized juvenile T. rex turned the quickest for its size, followed by the giant T. rex "Sue", the enormous, mature adult from the Field Museum (Chicago).
Eric Snively described the T. rex turn as something akin to a "slow-motion-ten-tonne figure skater from hell," quite apt in a way as T. rex fossils are known from the Hell Creek Formation.
Biomechanical Model Has Implications for Large Theropod Hunting Strategies
The researchers used very accurate anatomical assessments and rigorous statistics to create three-dimensional models that could then be tested for their range of movements. Different Theropods were examined including Dilophosaurus, Ceratosaurus, Giganotosaurus, Sinraptor as well as numerous Tyrannosaurs at different growth stages as well as smaller members of the Tyrannosauroidea Superfamily such as Raptorex. With respect to other Theropods, tyrannosaurids were found to be increasingly agile without compromising their large body mass, such that in a pairwise comparison, tyrannosaurids were achieving the same agility performance as much smaller Theropods. For example, a 500 kg Gorgosaurus had slightly greater agility scores than the 200 kg Eustreptospondylus, and an adult Tarbosaurus nearly twice the agility scores of the lighter Sinraptor.
The Oxford University Specimen of Eustreptospondylus Used in the Study
The fossil specimen on display (E. oxoniensis).
Picture Credit: Everything Dinosaur/Siri Scientific Press
Enhanced agility and tight manoeuvrability in tyrannosaurids suggest that T. rex et al had superior abilities when it came to pursuing and subduing prey. This new research may have important implications when it comes to examining how large Theropods hunted.
If tyrannosaurids were more agile and able to manoeuvre faster than other large predators they may have been more adept than earlier, super-sized, apex predators when it came to catching agile prey. It is postulated that this capability of tyrannosaurids is consistent with coprolite evidence that indicates that tyrannosaurids fed on juvenile Ornithischians. Furthermore, it is proposed that healed Tyrannosaur bite marks on fossilised remains of adult horned dinosaurs and Hadrosaurs indicate an ability to outmanoeuvre quadrupedal prey.
A spokesperson from Everything Dinosaur commented:
"Whilst this is a fascinating piece of research, it is important that we don't entirely discount observations of modern-day predator/prey interactions. Often an apex predator will select a weakened, or sick animal within a herd to attack. In addition, young animals are particularly vulnerable as they are smaller and less experienced in avoiding predators compared to adult animals."
The largest non-tyrannosaurids, including Giganotosaurus, often lived in habitats alongside Sauropod dinosaurs. These associations may suggest that allosauroids may have preferred less agile prey than did tyrannosaurids. It is also possible that stability conferred by high rotational inertia, as when holding onto giant prey, was more important for allosauroids than turning quickly.
The researchers intend to undertake research to assess the manoeuvrability of ceratopsids and other prey such as duck-billed dinosaurs before applying the same techniques to examine Tyrannosaur bite forces.


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Microbiology — Recommend this title to your library
Microbiology - Volume 28, Issue 2, 1962
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The Amino Acid Requirements of a Single Strain of Actinomyces israelii Growing in a Chemically Defined Medium
H. A. KEIR and J. W. PORTEOUS
https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-28-2-193
SUMMARY: The Wills strain of Actinomyces israelii will survive repeated subculture in the medium HP 9 described by Christie & Porteous (1962b) but modified to contain ammonium sulphate and only seven amino acids (serine, cysteine, glutamic acid, lysine, leucine, isoleucine and tryptophan); the total-N content of this new medium was 240 μg./ml. On the evidence available this new medium probably represents the minimal medium in respect of amino acids (and growth factors) for this strain of Actinomyces israelii. The yield of organism from this new medium was comparable with that reported by Christie & Porteous (1962a) for more complex media, namely approximately 70 μg. cell total-N/ml. medium. Some observations are presented on inhibition of growth of Actinomyces israelii by 'growth factors' and by purine and pyrimidine bases.
The Participation of Filament Anastomosis in the Developmental Cycle of Nostoc muscorum, a Blue-Green Alga
N. LAZAROFF and W. VISHNIAC
SUMMARY: During the resumption of development in cultures of Nostoc muscorum A, grown in the dark, and then exposed to light, cellular attachment occurs. This process is believed to be prerequisite for the formation of heterocystous filaments. The significance of anastomosis in the developmental cycle of Nostoc is discussed and a tentative scheme for an alternation of sporogenous and heterocystous generations is presented.
Observations on Ascospore Initiation in the Discomycete Dasyscyphus sp.
R. T. MOORE and J. H. MCALEAR
SUMMARY: Electron microscopy of apothecia of a species of a discomycete, Dasyscyphus sp., provided the opportunity to observe various aspects of ascospore formation. This report presents a series of micrographs arranged to represent what are interpreted to be successive stages in the process.
Genes Influencing the Conversion of Citrulline to Argininosuccinate in Neurospora crassa
DOROTHY NEWMEYER
SUMMARY: The enzymic conversion of citrulline argininosuccinate arginine in wild-type Neurospora crassa has been shown to be essentially like that in mammalian tissues in all respects tested. The enzymes responsible for the two reactions (condensing enzyme and argininosuccinase) have been partially separated. Five mutants at the arg-1 locus have normal arginino-succinase and little or no condensing activity. The lack of condensing activity appears to be due to a simple absence of enzyme, alternatives such as inhibitor production or increased ATPase competition having been ruled out. Small amounts of apparent condensing activity, detected in the substrate-disappearance assay, were shown to be due to side reactions. When grown at the usual high arginine concentrations, three mutants at the arg-10 locus, which are known to lack argininosuccinase, have normal condensing activity. However, when arg-10 strains are grown at low arginine concentrations, the resulting extracts have very little condensing activity. This also appears to be due to a simple loss of condensing enzyme. It has not been determined whether the low activity is a specific secondary effect of arg-10 on the condensing enzyme, or whether it is merely a non-specific effect of the inadequate supplementation, which might cause reductions in many enzyme activities. Despite its very low condensing activity in vitro, arg-10 grown at low arginine concentrations must be active at some time in vivo, since its mycelium accumulates argininosuccinate but not citrulline. In contrast, an arg-1 arg-10 double mutant, grown at low arginine concentrations, must be inactive in vivo, since it accumulates citrulline but not argininosuccinate. It is concluded that arg-1 is probably the primary locus controlling the synthesis of condensing enzyme.
On the Nature of Cytoplasmic Inclusions of Nocardia rubra
J. N. ADAMS and N. M. MCCLUNG
SUMMARY: A cytological investigation of cell walls, lipid granules, metachromatic granules and chromatinic bodies of Nocardia rubra revealed that each of these structures existed as separable entities. Multicellularity was not observed, as indicated by the lack of septa in non-fragmenting organisms, but lipid inclusions were frequently found in close association with cell walls. Metachromatic granules were separable from lipid inclusions and were found to be homologous with electron opaque granules. No evidence for the origin of metachromatic granules as cytoplasmic condensations upon cell septa was found. Acid hydrolysis or ribonuclease treatment revealed Giemsa-staining chromatinic structures which were removed by deoxyribonuclease digestion. Metachromatic granules were not removed by ribonuclease, deoxyribonuclease hydrolysis or a combination of both, but these granules were removed by acid hydrolysis.
Nucleic Acid Precursor Requirements of Mycoplasma laidlawii
BY S. RAZIN
SUMMARY: The nucleic acid precursor requirements of Mycoplasma laidlawii strain A were determined by using a partially defined medium. Adenine, guanosine and cytidine were found to be the minimal growth requirements. However, best growth was obtained with undegraded RNA or oligoribo-nucleotides. Thymidine was not essential for growth when folinic acid was present in the medium; folic acid was completely inactive. M. laidlawii utilized the 2#and 3#-ribonucleotides most poorly. The dephosphorylation of these mononucleotides to nucleosides rendered them growth promoting.
Oxidation of Homogentisic Acid by Cell-free Extracts of a Vibrio
P. J. CHAPMAN and S. DAGLEY
SUMMARY: Acetoacetic acid is a product of degradation of homogentisic acid by cell-free extracts of a vibrio grown with phenylacetic acid as sole carbon source. 4-Maleylacetoacetate was identified as a reaction intermediate; reduced glutathione was a cofactor for this enzymic degradation. These reactions are similar to those catalysed by enzymes of rat liver.
An Environmentally-Induced Transition from the Flagellated to the Non-flagellated State in Salmonella typhimurium: the Fate of Parental Flagella at Cell Division
C. QUADLING and B. A. D. STOCKER
SUMMARY: Bacteria in cultures of Salmonella typhimurium LT2 were peritrichously flagellated when grown in nutrient broth at 370; but most were non-flagellated when grown for 6 mean-generation times or more at 440. When a culture growing exponentially at 370 was transferred to 440, growth continued at about the same rate; but the synthesis of new flagella was largely curtailed. The fate of the parental flagella was studied by staining and counting flagella on bacteria from samples taken during growth at 440 of cultures first grown at 370. After 3 mean-generation-times the average number of flagella/flagellated bacterium had fallen from about 8 to about 2 and the proportion of flagellated bacteria from about 100 % to about 60 %. The distribution of numbers of flagella/bacterium was at all times unimodal, with the mode decreasing from about 8 to 0. In non-growing cultures at 440 there was little or no change in the average number of flagella/bacterium, in the proportion of flagellated bacteria, or in the distribution of numbers of flagella/bacterium. It is inferred that parental flagella are neither rapidly shed at 440 nor retained entirely by one daughter cell at each division but are distributed about equally between the two daughter cells.
The Preparation and Survival of Almost Bacteria-free Suspensions of Entodinium caudatum
G.S. COLEMAN
SUMMARY: Suspensions of Entodinium caudatum containing less than one viable bacterium per ten protozoa were prepared by aerobic incubation of the protozoa with penicillin, streptomycin, dihydrostreptomycin and neomycin in the presence of autoclaved rumen fluid and rice starch grains. Unfortunately these almost axenic Entodinia could be maintained alive for only 3-4 days. Replacement of the rice starch grains in the medium used for bacterial removal by soluble starch produced almost bacteria-free protozoa which were devoid of food storage materials and died more rapidly than usual. The life of these protozoa was prolonged by adding any of the following: rice starch grains, soluble starch, maltose, glucose and some other sugars.
Regulation of Flavin Synthesis by Escherichia coli
A.C. WILSON and A.B. PARDEE
SUMMARY: An approach has been made to the problem of how the synthesis of coenzymes is regulated. Two aspects of the problem have been studied, especially as they concern the synthesis of flavins by bacteria:
(1) How are coenzymes prevented from being synthesized as fast as amino acids or nucleic acid bases?
(2) How is coenzyme synthesis adjusted to the often changing physiological needs of bacteria?
Evidence is presented that flavins cannot inhibit the activity of enzymes in the flavin biosynthetic pathway of Escherichia coli, but the amount of these enzymes can be made to vary by a factor of at least two. Repression might, therefore, account for the low rate of flavin synthesis. The possibility that repression rather than feedback inhibition also accounts for the low rate of synthesis of other coenzymes is discussed.
Flavin synthesis is not as precisely adjusted to the physiological needs of bacteria as are syntheses of major metabolites for the following reasons:
(1) Flavins are greatly overproduced by bacteria during exponential growth; the ratio of flavins excreted to flavins retained in the cells is between 0.8 and 8 for all strains and cultural conditions tested.
(2) Flavin synthesis is not tightly geared to growth; thus, flavin synthesis goes on uninterrupted for more than an hour when the growth rate of E. coli or Pseudormonas fluorescens is abruptly reduced from a rapid rate to zero; also growth goes on uninterrupted for over an hour when the flavin supply is abruptly cut off from rapidly growing lactic acid bacteria. Evidently the control mechanism in the flavin pathway is not very sensitive to physiological needs. This conclusion probably applies to other coenzymes as well.
Some incidental findings of interest from other points of view were:
(1) Although internal flavins can get out of E. coli, external flavins apparently cannot enter. This could account for the absence of flavinless mutants.
(2) After brief treatment with penicillin, E. coli becomes permeable to external flavins while remaining both impermeable to inulin and capable of synthesizing flavins.
(3) Less than 4 % of the intracellular flavins of E. coli are free, in a form that can be extracted with n-butanol (5 %, v/v), toluene (0.05 %, v/v), cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (0.001 %, w/v) or distilled water. The remaining flavins are bound, in a form that can be extracted with trichloracetic acid (5 %, w/v). The intracellular concentration of free flavins in E. coli is estimated to be less than 4 x 10-6M.
Characterization of a Propionic Acid Producing Actinomycete, Actinomyces propionicus, Sp.nov.
B.B BUCHANAN and L. PINE
SUMMARY: An anaerobic actinomycete isolated from the lachrymal duct of a case of human lachrymal canaliculitis is described. Although the organism was described previously as Actinomyces israelii, more recent observations show it differs significantly from members of this genus in metabolism, physiology and cell-wall composition. The organism is similar to the Actinomyces in its production of true branching mycelial elements in vivo and in vitro, catalase negativity, pathogenicity for experimental animals, and amino acid cell-wall composition. It is similar to the propionic acid bacteria in its fermentation of glucose to propionate, acetate, and CO2, its morphological variation, formation of a dull orange colour, and the presence of diaminopimelic acid in its cell wall. Other characteristics such as the formation of DL-lactic acid, absence of a CO2 requirement either anaerobically or aerobically, inability to ferment glycerol or lactate, and sugar and amino sugar composition of the cell wall also serve to differentiate this organism from other strains of Actinomyces and from Propionibacterium. In view of these observations the organism is reclassified and named A. propionicus, sp.nov. The possible phylogenetic relation of A. propionicus to certain other branching filamentous organisms is discussed.
Morphological Changes and Resistance induced in Saccharomyces pastorianus by the antibiotic cycloheximide
BY K. GUNDERSEN and T. WADSTEIN
SUMMARY: The growth of Saccharomyces pastorianus was 50% inhibited by 0.013 p.p.m. cycloheximide, and completely inhibited by 0.100 p.p.m. in liquid medium after 24 hr. at 280. At subinhibitory concentrations of cycloheximide abnormally large cells and cell aggregates were formed, probably as a result of interference by cycloheximide with the synthesis of structural cell-wall materials. When S. pastorianus was grown in media with successively higher concentrations of cycloheximide partially resistant organisms were developed. These did not form aggregates and giant cells in the presence of cycloheximide, but on back inoculation to cycloheximide-free media they were 'slow growers' and formed small colonies on nutrient agar. After a few transfers on cyclo heximide-free media the resistant organisms reverted to the normal 'fast growing' type. The resistance to cycloheximide was not the result of any acquired ability to decompose or inactivate the compound.
Adansonian classification of mycobacteria
L. F. BOJALIL, J. CERBÒN and AMANDA TRUJILLO
SUMMARY: The physiological properties of 229 strains of mycobacteria (photochromogens, scotochromogens, non-photochromogens and rapid growers) and others already classified were analysed. According to their metabolic capacities and using the method proposed by Sneath, three branches were established.
Branch I is formed by micro-organisms with a high metabolic capacity and rapid rate of growth. It includes Mycobacterium smegmatis, M. phlei, M. peregrinum sp.nov. and many unnamed strains with great disparity in their characteristics, that were placed in a separate branch labelled 'irregular'.
Branch II includes micro-organisms that utilize only a limited number of carbohydrates. Belonging to this branch are Mycobacterium fortuitum, M. marinm, M. piscium and M. thamnopheos. Three new species are described, two of them rapid growers, M. acapulcensis sp.nov. and M. runyonii sp.nov. and a scotochromogen, M. flavescens sp.nov.
Branch III, formed by Mycobacterium kansasii (photochromogen), M. avium (non-photochromogen), M. marianum (scotochromogen) and M. gordonae sp.nov. (scotochromogen). All are slow growing micro-organisms.
Neotype strains of old species are proposed and holotypes of the new species are designated. A key for the identification of these species and a taxonomic tree of mycobacteria are described.
Physiological and Biochemical Studies on Streptomycin Dependence in Escherichia coli
C. R. SPOTTS
SUMMARY: The exponential growth rate of a streptomycin-dependent strain of Escherichia coli was proportional to streptomycin concentration until a critical concentration was reached, above which it was independent of streptomycin concentration. The value of the critical concentration changed with a change either in the carbon source, or in the temperature of cultivation. Below the critical concentration, the macromolecular composition of the cells was affected by the external streptomycin concentration: as this decreased, the ribonucleic acid (RNA) content of the organisms increased, and the protein content decreased. When external streptomycin was removed, streptomycin-dependent organisms continued to grow for many hours. Growth was at first exponential, the extent and duration of this phase being functions of the concentration of streptomycin to which the organisms had previously been exposed. This phase was followed by a much longer period of arithmetic growth, unaccompanied by cell division, during which the organisms elongated progressively. Growth in the absence of streptomycin caused changes in the macromolecular composition of the organisms which were similar in nature to those produced by growth with a subcritical concentration of streptomycin, but much more pronounced. The greatly increased total RNA content of these organisms was not accompanied by grossly detectable qualitative changes in the RNA content of the organisms. In the absence of streptomycin, the synthesis of some enzymes was either arrested or decreased in rate; the synthesis of others was unaffected. This leads to an imbalance in the enzymic constitution. These differential effects on enzyme synthesis appeared to be random. Growth in absence of streptomycin did not seem to affect deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis or function, as shown by the ability of a lysogenic streptomycin-dependent strain to produce infective phage under such conditions. The re-introduction of streptomycin to a culture growing arithmetically as a consequence of streptomycin depletion caused a resumption of DNA synthesis at the normal exponential rate. The rate of protein synthesis also soon increased, but attained its normal exponential rate more slowly. RNA synthesis was wholly arrested until the RNA content of the organisms had fallen to a normal value, and then resumed at the normal exponential rate. Grown in the presence of a greater than critical concentration of streptomycin, the streptomycin-dependent organism bound irreversibly about 250,000 molecules of streptomycin, half of which could be extracted with hot water, and the remainder with hot perchloric acid. A new hypothesis concerning the location and nature of the genetically determined intracellular lesion which results in streptomycin dependence is developed on the basis of these facts.
Relationship of Sodium Chloride Tolerance and Serological Group of Staphylococcal Phages
B. WEST and FLORENE C. KELLY
SUMMARY: Twenty-two staphylococcal bacteriophages representing serological groups A, B, F and L were examined for activity after incubation of free phage in 10 % (w/v) NaCl Trypticase soy broth for 24 hr. at 300. The mean decrease in plaque-forming units for ten phages of serological group A was 13 %; in no instance was inactivation of any group A phage greater than 33 %. All but one of nine group B phages were 88 % or more inactive after incubation in the 10 % NaCl broth; the single exception was phage 83 with slightly more than 40 % inactivation in both 0.5 % or 10 % NaCl broth. Serological group F phage 42D resembled phages of group A, whereas phage 77 of group F and group L phage 187 were intermediate between group A and B phages with respect to NaCl stability.
Saccharomyces hienipiensis, a New Melibiose-fermenting Yeast, Unable to Assimilate Raffinose
J. SANTA MARIA
SUMMARY: A new Saccharomyces species has been isolated from 'alpechin'. It is distinguished from other species of the genus by its ability to ferment and assimilate glucose, maltose and melibiose. Galactose, sucrose, lactose and raffinose are not assimilated. The melibiase found in S. hienipiensis can hydrolyse raffinose.
Catabolism of Nitrogenous Compounds by Pseudomonas
W. L. GABY, C. LOGAN and S. WHITAKER
SUMMARY: The rate of O2 utilization by both pigmented and non-pigmented strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was greater with 2 % (w/v) Casitone as substrate than with 0.1 M-glucose as substrate. P. aeruginosa readily catabolized Casitone, amino acids and other nitrogenous compounds with the production of an alkaline reaction even in the presence of 0.5% (w/v) glucose. Other species of Pseudomonas studied varied in their utilization of these compounds, suggesting a different and possibly satisfactory approach to the identification and classification of species within the genus Pseudomonas.
Volumes and issues
Volume 165 (2019)
content/journal/micro
Generic Assignments, Strain Histories and Properties of Pure Cultures of Cyanobacteria
Rosmarie Rippka, Josette Deruelles, John B. Waterbury, Michael Herdman and Roger Y. Stanier
The Aerobic Pseudomonads a Taxonomic Study
R. Y. STANIER, N. J. PALLERONI and M. DOUDOROFF
Distribution of Menaquinones in Actinomycetes and Corynebacteria
M. D. COLLINS, T. PIROUZ, M. GOODFELLOW and D. E. MINNIKIN
The structure and function of fungal laccases
Christopher F. Thurston
Quantification of biofilm structures by the novel computer program comstat
Arne Heydorn, Alex Toftgaard Nielsen, Morten Hentzer, Claus Sternberg, Michael Givskov, Bjarne Kjær Ersbøll and Søren Molin
Determination of bacterial load by real-time PCR using a broad-range (universal) probe and primers set
Mangala A Nadkarni, F. Elizabeth Martin, Nicholas A Jacques and Neil Hunter
Quorum sensing and Chromobacterium violaceum: exploitation of violacein production and inhibition for the detection of N-acylhomoserine lactones
Kay H. McClean, Michael K. Winson, Leigh Fish, Adrian Taylor, Siri Ram Chhabra, Miguel Camara, Mavis Daykin, John H. Lamb, Simon Swift, Barrie W. Bycroft, Gordon S. A. B. Stewart and Paul Williams
Biofilm exopolysaccharides: a strong and sticky framework
Ian W. Sutherland
R Factor Transfer in Rhizobium leguminosarum
J. E. BERINGER
Metals, minerals and microbes: geomicrobiology and bioremediation
Geoffrey Michael Gadd
Taking place in Montreal, Canada between 19–23 April 2020, The Microbiology Society is delighted to be hosting the next Candida and Candidiasis meeting, providing a vital forum for the Candida research community.
Tweets by @MicrobioSoc
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/28/2


Current: Matthew Shattock
Matthew J. Shattock
Independent Chair
Independent Director Since: 2018
Committees: NGCRC
Matthew J. Shattock brings significant operational and executive leadership experience in the consumer packaged goods industry to the board. His current and prior leadership roles, including overseeing the successful growth, integration and strategic transformation of a global spirits company as CEO, enable him to provide valuable insights to the company's business. Shattock has a strong track record of driving growth through innovation, brand communication and operational excellence.
Experience Highlights
Beam Suntory Inc., a global premium spirits company
Non-executive chairman of the board (April 2019 to December 2020)
Chairman and chief executive officer (April 2014 to April 2019)
President and chief executive officer, Beam Inc. (October 2011 to April 2014)
President and chief executive officer, Beam Global Spirits and Wine Inc. (March 2009 to October 2011)
During his tenure, Shattock led the company's successful growth strategy transformation and subsequent integration of the Beam and Suntory spirits businesses following Beam's acquisition by Suntory in 2014.
Cadbury plc, an international confectionary manufacturer
Regional president, where he led its businesses first in The Americas and then in the Europe, Middle East and Africa region
Unilever plc, an international manufacturer of food, home care and personal care products
Chief operating officer, Unilever Best Foods North America
Various leadership roles
Other Public Company Boards
VF Corporation (February 2013 to present)
Chairman of Domino's Pizza Group plc (UK) (March 2020 to present)
Nonprofit/Other Boards
Cooler Screens Inc.
Tropicale Foods Inc.
Reliefband Technologies LLC
Kendra Scott Design Inc.
The Boys and Girls Club of Lake County, Illinois


OCC's Updated CRA Rule Will Harm LMI Families & Communities of Color
Nikitra Bailey
WASHINGTON, D.C. - Today, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) released the final version of a rule to modernize the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA). The Federal Deposit Insurance Corp., which jointly released the CRA proposed rule with the OCC, did not join in this final announcement. The Federal Reserve Board did not sign on to the proposed rule or the final rule. OCC Comptroller Joseph Otting also announced that he is stepping down from the agency.
Center for Responsible Lending Executive Vice President Nikitra Bailey released the following statement:
The final rule remains structurally flawed—and while the OCC does make some important changes, the agency falls woefully short in truly fulfilling the CRA's mission. This important civil rights tool was designed to undue the injustices created by the horrific practice of redlining and to expand financial opportunity, equity, and help spur investments in underserved areas. Comptroller Otting's 'go at it alone' action to weaken the CRA, in the middle of a devastating public health and economic crisis, will further harm low- to moderate-income families and communities of color who are once again hardest hit by COVID-19.
Press Contact: ricardo.quinto@responsiblelending.org


1. History of MPLT:
A. The original Constitutional Convention Analysis, dated December 6,1976, discusses the formation of the Marianas Public Land Trust and the intent and purpose for its formation.
Article XI deals with issues relating to public lands.
Marianas Public Land Corporation was established to receive and manage the public lands.
The funds received from public lands, including the anticipated lease by the United States per the Covenant, shall be placed in a trust fund.
It is the intent of the Constitution to separate the land management function performed by MPLC and the money management function performed by the trust fund.
MPLC was permitted to retain funds for their reasonable expenses of administration.
Marianas Public Land Trust was created to hold and invest the proceeds from leases and other transfers of public land.
The Constitution is the implementing authority that establishes the relationship between MPLC and MPLT.
B. MPLT Duties and Responsibilities:
Hold and invest prudently the principal funds received from MPLC or its successor entities.
For the first ten years from the effective date of the constitution, the MPLT investments shall be limited to United States obligations.
MPLT is required to distribute to the Commonwealth General Fund the interest it receives from its investments less reasonable expenses of administration.
There are no earmarks on the distribution to the General Fund as the Legislature has the authority to allocate these funds among the competing needs of the Commonwealth.
Of the funds received from the U. S. lease per the Covenant, $2 million from the lease of Tanapag Harbor shall be set-aside and the income derived from this amount can only be used for the maintenance and development of the American Memorial Park.
Trustees are required to submit annually an annual report to the people of the Commonwealth accounting for all revenues and expenses and a description of all investments and other transactions authorized by the Trustees.
The Trustees are held strict standards of fiduciary care.
C. The effective date of the Constitution is January 9, 1978.
2. Covenant related matters:
A. The Covenant to Establish a Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands in Political Union with the United States of American (U. S. PL 94-241) is the implementing authority that created the CNMI.
B. It was signed by the President and the Political Status members on February 15, 1975.
C. The Technical Agreement portion of the Covenant establishes the terms for the lease of Commonwealth public lands by the United States.
U. S. has a five year option to lease identified lands.
Lands consisted of 17,799 acres on Tinian, 177 acres at Tanapag Harbor and 206 acres of Farallon de Medinilla Islands.
The lease term is for 50 years at a cost as follows:
Tinian land - $17.5 million
Tanapag Harbor - $2 million
Farallon de Medinilla - $20,600
The amount paid will be adjusted at the time of payment by a percentage change in the U.S. Department of Commerce composite price index. The actual amount finally paid was $33 million of which $6.5 million was withheld due to clearing of private land holdings in the military retention area.
The land was leased on January 6, 1983 just prior to the expiration of the option.
3. Significant dates for the creation of MPLT:
A. Due to the payment received by MPLC for the lease of the lands by the U.S., the first trustees were appointed by Governor Tenorio in 1983.
B. Trustees requested funds to be transferred to the Trust but MPLC refused by indicating that all of the money was needed for their homestead program.
C. MPLT Trustees sued for the transferred of the funds as required by the Constitution in 1983.
D. Superior Court ordered MPLC to pay the lease funds to MPLT of which $25,942,602 was received in 1983 and 1984.
E. Other principal distributions received from MPLC or successor entities are as follows:
1991 - $1,000,000
4. Performance Statistics Since 1983:
A. Investment returns have allowed for principal growth from the original $28,192,602 increasing to $74,600,729 as of 9/30/07.
B. This growth is attributable to the capital gains from the equity portion of the investments.
C. The principal has grown while allowing for net distributions of investment income (interest & dividends) less administrative expenses to the General Fund and American Memorial Park as follows:
General Fund - $37,765,578
American Memorial Park - $4,276,759
5. Economically Targeted Investments (ETIs):
A. ETIs are a portion of the investment asset allocation aimed at social-investing in order to achieve a purpose other than just a risk adjusted rate of return.
B. MPLT has undertaken to make such investments within the CNMI in order to help the local economy as well as achieve a social benefit.
Loans to NMHC to finance a residential home loan program:
1/98 - Advanced $5,000,000
6/99 - Advanced $500,000
11/99 - Advanced $285,750
Due to failure to meet the terms of the loan, MPLT negotiated a return of the loan portfolio in 1/08 and is managing them to collect the individual loans. The current loan portfolio is $9,903,670 with 54% of the loans being delinquent.
The full amount of the MPLT loss from this investment is unknown at this time but we have estimated it to be $4 million.
Loan to APLE 501, a non-profit corporation, organized to provide scholarship education loans. APLE was to manage the scholarship program with MPLT providing the funds under a loan repayment note. The loan agreement was signed on August 23, 2002. The amount of loan was for $1,000,000. The first drawdown was paid on October 18, 2002 in the amount of $154,924. But when the loan files were inspected, it was discovered that the loan agreement had been violated. No additional loan advances were made.
The loan payments were not made and MPLT had to sue to recover the loans as well as other collateral.
The amount owed by APLE is $143,794 plus accrued interest of $17,833.
MPLT expects to recover this balance owed eventually.
In order to aid CUC in its most recent funding problems to stabilize the power production, MPLT loaned $3.5 million to them on August 4,2008. The loan repayment is earmarked in the FY 2009 and 2010 Commonwealth budgets. CUC is to pay the interest at the rate of 7% each month. MPLT does not expect to take a loss on this ETI investment.


IMNA
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https://en.imna.ir/news/409682/
9 February 2020 - 11:16
News Code 409682
Isfahan, Denmark to get closer
"We are very pleased that an Isfahani woman has been assigned as Iran's ambassador to Denmark; ambassadors hold high ranking positions in the administrative system where they should be active in all areas, " Ghodratollah Norouzi said.
Iran (IMNA) - Referring to the sister - city agreement between Isfahan and one of the Danish cities, the mayor of Isfahan, noted, "We hope that adequate context will be provided to sign an agreement with Danish cities".
Addressing the tourism boom in Isfahan, Norouzi emphasized, "All the plans of Isfahan Municipality and Islamic City Council have been focused on tourism from day one. In this regard, the project of "Isfahan 2020" has been defined with tourism teargets so that we can take positive steps for Isfahan's tourism industry."
Norouzi added that ambassadors could provide a platform for joint cultural, sporting, artistic and economic events, and Isfahan municipality is ready for international cooperation in this regard.
Referring to the problem of handicraft artists in selling products, Nasir Mellat, the head of the Economic and Tourism Commissions of the Isfahan's Islamic City Council, said "Isfahan artists produce the best artworks, but they are not able to deliver them directly to the world markets, and we hope that embassies will prepare the conditions for Iranian handicrafts to be offered in different countries."
He continued, "we are interested in making a sister cities network with Denmark in Isfahan. Tourism has been considered as the main axis of the city development plan and heavy budgets are set to achieve this goal."
Farideh Roshan, one of the members of Isfahan's Islamic city council emphasized "Cultural and artistic events are very important. The presence of the new Iranian ambassador to Denmark can bring good results to Isfahan and we may witness joint cultural and artistic cooperation between Isfahan and Denmark in near future. "
Isfahan 2020
Ghodratollah Norouzi
Ghodratollah Noroozi
Ghodratollah Nowrouzi
Isfahan mayor
mayor of Isfahan
sister city relationship
Isfahan's sister cities
Nasir Mellat
Farideh Roshan
Islamic City Council
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