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+[
+ {
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+ "pages": [
+ 0
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+ }
+ },
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+ "input_text": "CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS\n\n\nExchange Rate Effective April 30, 2025\n\n\nCurrency Unit = RWF\n\n\nUS$1 = 1,436 RWF\n\n\nUS$1 = SDR 0.74\n\n\nFISCAL YEAR\nJuly 1 - June 30\n\n\nRegional Vice President: Ndiame Diop\n\n\nRegional Practice Director: Anna Wellenstein\n\n\nDivision Director: Qimiao Fan\n\n\nPractice Manager: Maria Gonzalez de Asis\n\n\nTask Team Leaders: Matthew Stephens, Mariko Yamamoto, Ivan Emmanuel Mwondha\n\n\n",
+ "datasets": [],
+ "document": {
+ "source": "https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099102225213540444/pdf/BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695.pdf",
+ "pages": [
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+ },
+ {
+ "input_text": "|Col1|ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS|\n|---|---|\n|AM|Accountability Mechanism|\n|AWPB|Annual Work Plan & Budget|\n|BAU|Business as Usual|\n|BDA|Business Development Adviser|\n|BDF|Business Development Fund|\n|BRD|Development Bank of Rwanda|\n|CE|Citizen Engagement|\n|CER|Contingent Emergency Response|\n|CERC|Contingent Emergency Response Component|\n|CPF|Country Partnership Framework|\n|DA|Designated Account|\n|DBM|Design-Build-Maintain|\n|DBST|Double Bituminous Surface Treatment|\n|DDS|District Development Strategy|\n|DRC|Democratic Republic of the Congo|\n|DRDIP|Development Response to Displacement Impacts Project|\n|ERR|Economic Rate of Return|\n|ESF|Environmental and Social Framework|\n|ESCP|Environmental and Social Commitment Plan|\n|ESIA|Environmental and Social Impact Assessment|\n|ESMF|Environmental and Social Management Framework|\n|ESMP|Environmental and Social Management Plan|\n|ESSs|Environmental and Social Standards|\n|FM|Financial Management|\n|GBV|Gender Based Violence|\n|GCR|Global Compact on Refugees|\n|GHG|Greenhouse Gas|\n|GoR|Government of Rwanda|\n|GRF|Global Refugee Forum|\n|GRM|Grievance Redress Mechanism|\n|GRS|Grievance Redress Service|\n|IA|Implementing Agency|\n|IBM|Iterative Beneficiary Monitoring|\n|ICT|Information & Communication Technology|\n|ICPC|Integrated Craft & Production Centre|\n|IDA|International Development Association|\n|IFR|Interim Financial Report|\n|IPF|Investment Project Financing|\n|IRR|Internal Rate of Return|\n|LMP|Labor Management Procedures|\n|MFI|Micro-finance Institution|\n|MG|Matching Grant|\n|MINECOFIN|Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning|\n|MINEMA|Ministry in Charge of Emergency Management|\n|MIS|Management Information System|\n|MoU|Memorandum of Understanding|\n\n\n",
+ "datasets": [],
+ "document": {
+ "source": "https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099102225213540444/pdf/BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695.pdf",
+ "pages": [
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+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "input_text": "|MSMEs|Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises|\n|---|---|\n|MTR|Mid-Term Review|\n|NDC|Nationally Determined Contributions|\n|NLUDMP|National Land Use and Development Master Plan|\n|NPV|Net Present Value|\n|NST|National Strategy for Transformation|\n|OHS|Occupational Health & Safety|\n|OP|Operational Policy|\n|PAP|Project-Affected Person|\n|PCE|Private Capital Enabled|\n|PDO|Project Development Objective|\n|PFI|Participating Financial Institution|\n|PIM|Project Implementation Manual|\n|PPSD|Project Procurement Strategy for Development|\n|PSC|Project Steering Committee|\n|PTC|Project Technical Committee|\n|RAP|Resettlement Action Plan|\n|RHD|Refugee-hosting District|\n|RPF|Resettlement Policy Framework|\n|RPPA|Rwanda Public Procurement Authority|\n|RSRI|Refugee Self-reliance Index|\n|RSW|IDA Sub-window for Refugees and Host Communities|\n|RTDA|Rwanda Transport Development Agency|\n|RWF|Rwandan Franc|\n|SA|Subsidiary Agreement|\n|SACCO|Savings and Credit Cooperative|\n|SEA|Sexual Exploitation & Abuse|\n|SEP|Stakeholder Engagement Plan|\n|SH|Sexual Harassment|\n|SME|Small and Medium Enterprise|\n|SORT|Systematic Operations Risk-rating Tool|\n|SPIU|Single Project Implementation Unit|\n|STEP|Systematic Exchanges in Procurement|\n|TAT|Turnaround Time|\n|TDIA|Target District Implementation Agreement|\n|TVET|Technical & Vocational Education and Training|\n|UNHCR|United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees|\n|WASH|Water, Sanitation & Hygiene|\n|WHR|IDA Window for Host Communities and Refugees|\n\n\n",
+ "datasets": [],
+ "document": {
+ "source": "https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099102225213540444/pdf/BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695.pdf",
+ "pages": [
+ 3
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+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda Project\nPhase II (P509677)\n\n\n**TABLE OF CONTENTS**\n\n**DATASHEET ........................................................................................................................... i**\n\n\n**I.** **STRATEGIC CONTEXT ..................................................................................................... 1**\n\n\nA. Project Strategic Context ................................................................................................................. 1\n\n\nB. Sectoral and Institutional Context ................................................................................................... 1\n\n\n**II.** **PROJECT DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................. 4**\n\n\nA. Project Development Objective ....................................................................................................... 4\n\n\nB. Theory of Change and PDO Indicators ............................................................................................. 4\n\n\nC. Project Beneficiaries ........................................................................................................................ 5\n\n\nD. Project Components ........................................................................................................................ 6\n\n\nE. Role of Partners ..............................................................................................................................13\n\n\nF. Lessons Learned and Reflected in the Project Design ....................................................................13\n\n\n**III.** **PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION ........................................................................................ 14**\n\n\nA. Institutional and Implementation Arrangements ..........................................................................14\n\n\nB. Results Monitoring, Evaluation, and Verification Arrangements ..................................................15\n\n\nC. Disbursement Arrangements .........................................................................................................16\n\n\n**IV.** **PROJECT APPRAISAL SUMMARY .................................................................................. 16**\n\n\nA. Technical, Economic and Financial Analysis ..................................................................................16\n\n\nB. Fiduciary .........................................................................................................................................21\n\n\nC. Environmental, Social and Legal Operational Policies ...................................................................23\n\n\n**V.** **KEY RISKS .................................................................................................................... 25**\n\n\n**ANNEX 1. RESULTS FRAMEWORK ........................................................................................ 26**\n\n\n**ANNEX 2: SUMMARY OF CLIMATE ADAPTATION AND MITIGATION MEASURES FOR ROAD**\n**SUBPROJECTS ..................................................................................................................... 34**\n\n\n",
+ "datasets": [],
+ "document": {
+ "source": "https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099102225213540444/pdf/BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695.pdf",
+ "pages": [
+ 4
+ ]
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda\nProject Phase II (P509677)\n\n\n\n\n\n\n|Project
Beneficiary(ies)
Rwanda|Operation Name
Socio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda Project Phase II|Col3|Col4|\n|---|---|---|---|\n|Operation ID
P509677|Financing Instrument
Investment Project
Financing (IPF)|Environmental and Social Risk
Classification
Substantial|
|\n\n\n\n\n\n\n|Financing & Implementation Modalities|Col2|\n|---|---|\n|[ ] Multiphase Programmatic Approach (MPA)|[✓] Contingent Emergency Response Component (CERC)|\n|[ ] Series of Projects (SOP)|[ ] Fragile State(s)|\n|[ ] Performance-Based Conditions (PBCs)|[ ] Small State(s)|\n|[✓] Financial Intermediaries (FI)|[ ] Fragile within a non-fragile Country|\n|[ ] Project-Based Guarantee|[ ] Conflict|\n|[ ] Deferred Drawdown|[ ] Responding to Natural or Man-made Disaster|\n|[ ] Alternative Procurement Arrangements (APA)|[ ] Hands-on Expanded Implementation Support (HEIS)|\n\n\n|Expected Approval Date
25-Jun-2025|Expected Closing Date
31-Dec-2030|\n|---|---|\n|Bank/IFC Collaboration
No|
|\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\ni\n\n\n",
+ "datasets": [],
+ "document": {
+ "source": "https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099102225213540444/pdf/BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695.pdf",
+ "pages": [
+ 5
+ ]
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda\nProject Phase II (P509677)\n\n\n**Components**\n\n\n|Component Name|Cost (US$)|\n|---|---|\n|Access to Services & Socio-economic Investments|41,100,000.00|\n|Economic Opportunity & Self-reliance|16,250,000.00|\n|Environmental Management & Climate Resilience|5,330,000.00|\n|Project Management, M&E and Capacity-Building|4,020,000.00|\n|Contingent Emergency Response Component (CERC)|0.00|\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n|Borrower:|Republic of Rwanda|Col3|Col4|\n|---|---|---|---|\n|Contact|Title|Telephone No.|Email|\n|Gerald Mugabe|Head of Development
Finance Department|+250252575756|info@minecofin.gov.rw|\n|Implementing Agency:|Development Bank of Rwanda (BRD), Ministry in Charge of Emergency Management,
Business Development Fund, Rwanda Transport Development Agency|Development Bank of Rwanda (BRD), Ministry in Charge of Emergency Management,
Business Development Fund, Rwanda Transport Development Agency|Development Bank of Rwanda (BRD), Ministry in Charge of Emergency Management,
Business Development Fund, Rwanda Transport Development Agency|\n|Contact|Title|Telephone No.|Email|\n|Kampeta Sayinzoga
Innocent Gatete
Innocent Mugabe
Philippe Habinshuti
Vincent Munyeshyaka
Imena MUNYAMPENDA|CEO
Head, Strategic Project
Implementation Unit
Head, Single Project
Implementation Unit
Permanent Secretary
CEO
Director General|+250788312112
+250788388168
+250788221479
+250788221479
+250 788 193 200
+250788519022|k.sayinzoga@brd.rw
i.gatete@brd.rw
info@minema.gov.rw
info@minema.gov.rw
info@bdf.rw
imena.munyampenda@rtda.gov.r
w|\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nii\n\n\n",
+ "datasets": [],
+ "document": {
+ "source": "https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099102225213540444/pdf/BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695.pdf",
+ "pages": [
+ 6
+ ]
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda\nProject Phase II (P509677)\n\n\n|SUMMARY|Col2|\n|---|---|\n|**Total Operation Cost**|**72.40**|\n|**Total Financing**|**72.40**|\n|**of which IBRD/IDA**|**66.70**|\n|**Financing Gap**|**0.00**|\n\n\n|World Bank Group Financing|Col2|\n|---|---|\n|International Development Association (IDA)|66.70|\n|IDA Credit|33.35|\n|IDA Grant|33.35|\n\n\n|Non-World Bank Group Financing|Col2|\n|---|---|\n|Commercial Financing|5.70|\n|Unguaranteed Commercial Financing|5.70|\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n|Col1|Credit Amount|Grant Amount|SML Amount|Guarantee
Amount|Total Amount|\n|---|---|---|---|---|---|\n|National
Performance-Based
Allocations (PBA)|19.65|19.65|0.00|0.00|39.30|\n|Window for Host
Communities and
Refugees (WHR)|13.70|13.70|0.00|0.00|27.40|\n|**Total**|**33.35**|**33.35**|**0.00**|**0.00**|**66.70**|\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\niii\n\n\n",
+ "datasets": [],
+ "document": {
+ "source": "https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099102225213540444/pdf/BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695.pdf",
+ "pages": [
+ 7
+ ]
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda\nProject Phase II (P509677)\n\n\n|Annual|0.00|10.00|20.00|15.03|15.00|4.67|2.00|\n|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|\n|**Cumulative**|0.00|10.00|30.00|45.03|60.03|64.70|66.70|\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\niv\n\n\n",
+ "datasets": [],
+ "document": {
+ "source": "https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099102225213540444/pdf/BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695.pdf",
+ "pages": [
+ 8
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+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda\nProject Phase II (P509677)\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n|E & S Standards|Relevance|\n|---|---|\n|ESS 1: Assessment and Management of Environmental and Social Risks and
Impacts|Relevant|\n|ESS 10: Stakeholder Engagement and Information Disclosure|Relevant|\n|ESS 2: Labor and Working Conditions|Relevant|\n|ESS 3: Resource Efficiency and Pollution Prevention and Management|Relevant|\n|ESS 4: Community Health and Safety|Relevant|\n|ESS 5: Land Acquisition, Restrictions on Land Use and Involuntary Resettlement|Relevant|\n|ESS 6: Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management of Living Natural
Resources|Relevant|\n|ESS 7: Indigenous Peoples/Sub-Saharan African Historically Underserved
Traditional Local Communities|Not Currently Relevant|\n|ESS 8: Cultural Heritage|Relevant|\n|ESS 9: Financial Intermediaries|Relevant|\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nv\n\n\n",
+ "datasets": [],
+ "document": {
+ "source": "https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099102225213540444/pdf/BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695.pdf",
+ "pages": [
+ 9
+ ]
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda\nProject Phase II (P509677)\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n|Type|Citation|Description|Financing Source|\n|---|---|---|---|\n|Effectiveness|Article V, 5.01(a)|the Association is satisfied
that the Recipient has an
adequate refugee
protection framework.|IBRD/IDA|\n|Effectiveness|Article V, 5.01(b)|the Recipient has prepared
and adopted the Project
Implementation Manual
(excluding the Matching
Grants Manual annex and
the Partial Credit
Guarantees Manual annex),
in form and substance
satisfactory to the
Association.|IBRD/IDA|\n|Effectiveness|Article V, 5.01(c)|the Recipient has prepared
and disclosed the
Environmental and Social
Management Framework
and Resettlement Policy
Framework in a manner
satisfactory to the
Association.|IBRD/IDA|\n|Effectiveness|Article V, 5.01(d)|the Recipient has
established the Project
Steering Committee with
composition, mandate,
powers, and resources|IBRD/IDA|\n\n\n\nvi\n\n\n",
+ "datasets": [],
+ "document": {
+ "source": "https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099102225213540444/pdf/BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695.pdf",
+ "pages": [
+ 10
+ ]
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda\nProject Phase II (P509677)\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n|Col1|Col2|satisfactory to the
Association.|Col4|\n|---|---|---|---|\n|Effectiveness|Article V, 5.01(e)|the Recipient has caused
BDF to recruit/ second/
assign (as appropriate) to
the BDF SPIU the following
specialists (i) a fund
manager (ii) a customer
relationship manager and
(iii) a financial management
specialist, both with
qualifications, experience
and under terms of
reference satisfactory to
the Association.|IBRD/IDA|\n|Effectiveness|Article V, 5.01(f)|the Recipient has caused
BRD to recruit/
second/assign (as
appropriate) to the BRD
SPIU the following
specialists (i) project
coordinator (ii) monitoring
and evaluation and
learning officer (iii)
portfolio monitoring officer
(iv) grant officer (v) internal
auditor (vi) environment
specialist (vii) social
specialist (viii) procurement
specialist and (ix) a
financial management
specialist, all with
qualifications, experience
and under terms of
reference satisfactory to
the Association|IBRD/IDA|\n|Effectiveness|Article V, 5.01(g)|the Recipient has caused
RTDA to
recruit/second/assign (as
appropriate) to the RTDA
SPIU the following
specialists: a coordinator, a
feeder roads development
project manager, a|IBRD/IDA|\n\n\n\nvii\n\n\n",
+ "datasets": [],
+ "document": {
+ "source": "https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099102225213540444/pdf/BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695.pdf",
+ "pages": [
+ 11
+ ]
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda\nProject Phase II (P509677)\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n|Col1|Col2|compliance and safeguards
project manager, two
feeder roads development
specialists, a financial
manager, a financial
management specialist, a
procurement specialist, an
environmental specialist, a
social specialist, two
environmental and social
officers, a gender specialist,
a monitoring and
evaluation specialist, a
financial management
specialist and an
accountant, all with
qualifications, experience
and under terms of
reference satisfactory to
the Association.|Col4|\n|---|---|---|---|\n|Effectiveness|Article V, 5.01(h)|the Recipient has caused
MINEMA to
recruit/second/appoint (as
appropriate) to the
MINEMA SPIU the
following specialists (i) a
coordinator (ii) Project
manager (iii) procurement
specialist (iv)
environmental specialist (v)
social specialist (vi)
monitoring and evaluation
specialist (vii)
communications specialist
(viii) Project compliance
and capacity building
specialist (ix) senior civil
engineer (x) management
information system
specialist (xi) accountant
(xii) internal audit specialist
(xiii) four self-reliance
specialists, and (xiv) a
financial management|IBRD/IDA|\n\n\n\nviii\n\n\n",
+ "datasets": [],
+ "document": {
+ "source": "https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099102225213540444/pdf/BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695.pdf",
+ "pages": [
+ 12
+ ]
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda\nProject Phase II (P509677)\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n|Col1|Col2|specialist, all with
qualifications, experience
and under terms of
reference satisfactory to
the Association.|Col4|\n|---|---|---|---|\n|Effectiveness|Article V, 5.01(i)|the Recipient has caused
each Target District to
establish and staff
Implementation Teams in a
manner satisfactory to the
Association.|IBRD/IDA|\n|Disbursement|Schedule 2, Section
III.B.1(b)|No withdrawal shall be
made under Category (1)
unless and until the
Recipient has provided
evidence satisfactory to the
Association that the Target
District Implementation
Agreement with each
Target District has been
duly executed and
delivered and is legally
binding upon the Recipient
and each Target District in
accordance with its terms|IBRD/IDA|\n|Disbursement|Schedule 2, Section
III.B.1(c)|No withdrawal shall be
made under Category (2)
unless and until the
Recipient has provided
evidence satisfactory to the
Association that the RTDA
Subsidiary Agreement has
been duly executed and
delivered and is legally
binding upon the Recipient
and the RTDA in
accordance with its terms.|IBRD/IDA|\n|Disbursement|Schedule 2, Section
III.B.1(d)|No withdrawal shall be
made under Category (3)
unless and until the
Recipient has provided
evidence satisfactory to the
Association that the BRD
Subsidiary Agreement has|IBRD/IDA|\n\n\n\nix\n\n\n",
+ "datasets": [],
+ "document": {
+ "source": "https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099102225213540444/pdf/BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695.pdf",
+ "pages": [
+ 13
+ ]
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda\nProject Phase II (P509677)\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n|Col1|Col2|been duly executed and
delivered and is legally
binding upon the Recipient
and the BRD in accordance
with its terms.|Col4|\n|---|---|---|---|\n|Disbursement|Schedule 2, Section
III.B.1(e)|No withdrawal shall be
made under Category (4)
unless and until the
Recipient has provided
evidence satisfactory to the
Association that: (i) the
BRD Subsidiary Agreement
has been duly executed
and delivered and is legally
binding upon the Recipient
and the BRD in accordance
with its terms; (ii) unless
and until the Recipient has
implemented the
applicable material
measures and actions
including preparing,
carrying out consultation
on, adopting and publicly
disclosing relevant
environmental and social
assessment/management
plans and instruments as
set forth in the
Environmental and Social
Commitment Plan relating
to disbursement of
Financing for Matching
Grants; and (iii) the
Matching Grants Manual
has been prepared, and
adopted in form and
substance satisfactory to
the Association.|IBRD/IDA|\n|Disbursement|Schedule 2, Section III.B.1(f)|No withdrawal shall be
made under Category (5)
unless and until the
Recipient has provided
evidence satisfactory to the|IBRD/IDA|\n\n\n\nx\n\n\n",
+ "datasets": [],
+ "document": {
+ "source": "https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099102225213540444/pdf/BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695.pdf",
+ "pages": [
+ 14
+ ]
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda\nProject Phase II (P509677)\n\n\n\n\n\nxi\n\n\n",
+ "datasets": [],
+ "document": {
+ "source": "https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099102225213540444/pdf/BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695.pdf",
+ "pages": [
+ 15
+ ]
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda\nProject Phase II (P509677)\n\n\n**I.** **STRATEGIC CONTEXT**\n\n\n**A. Project Strategic Context**\n\n\n1. **The long-term presence of refugees in Rwanda since the 1990s has created both development challenges**\n**and opportunities.** Rwanda currently hosts 115,068 refugees, most of whom originate from the Democratic Republic\nof the Congo (DRC) (61 percent) and Burundi (38 percent). [1] Close to 90 percent of the refugees live in one of the five\ncamps in the country, with the remainder in urban locations, mostly Kigali. Further inflows are likely, given ongoing\ninstability in the region. Declining humanitarian aid and the protracted nature of forced displacement has\nnecessitated a shift from the traditional short-term, humanitarian emergency refugee response model to a more\nsustainable development approach. The Government of Rwanda (GoR) has embraced this approach, combining\nprogressive laws and policies with long-term development programming. As a result of the GoR’s strategy – together\nwith support from humanitarian and development partners – research shows that the impact of refugees in Rwanda\non basic services, the environment and livelihood can be mitigated. Indeed, the refugee presence is generally\nassociated with improved local economic conditions and access to services, without creating major social tensions. [2]\n\n\n2. **The government’s strategic goal for refugee management is to promote self-reliance, however, major gaps**\n**remain in achieving this aim.** Data from the 2022 national census (which included a refugee module for the first\ntime) and from the first round of a World Bank-led survey on refugee self-reliance showed that refugees generally\nenjoy good access to basic services such as education, health and water, but remain well short of self-reliance with\nrespect to employment and income. [3] High poverty rates, lack of economic opportunity and limited access to finance\nin the refugee-hosting districts (RHDs) constrain employment and income-generating prospects for refugees and\nhost communities alike. Building on the success of the ongoing Phase I of the World Bank-financed Socio-economic\nInclusion of Refugees and Host Communities in Rwanda Project (P164130) (known in Kinyarwanda as “Jya Mbere”\nor “move forward”), Phase II will support self-reliance for refugees and hosts through investments that will: (a)\naddress the strain placed by the refugee presence on basic services and the environment in RHDs; (b) support the\nintegration of refugees into national service delivery systems to lower costs and promote social cohesion; and (c)\nmaximize the opportunity offered by the refugee presence to strengthen service delivery and economic opportunity\nfor all. [4] Jya Mbere II will support the ongoing transition of the refugee response model in Rwanda to one that is\nsustainable, affordable, government-led and inclusive of both Rwandese and the refugees they host.\n\n**B. Sectoral and Institutional Context**\n\n\n3. **The GoR has progressive laws and policies on forced displacement.** The World Bank, in consultation with the\nUnited Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), has confirmed that Rwanda’s refugee protection\nframework is adequate for the purposes of access to the Window for Host Communities and Refugees (WHR). [5]\nRwanda is a signatory to the 1951 Refugee Convention and the Global Compact on Refugees (GCR). The 2014 _Law_\n_Relating to Refugees_ complies with international law and entrenches the right to work and freedom of movement.\nAt the policy level, Rwanda’s _Strategic Plan for Refugee Inclusion 2019-2024_ made commitments to: (a) provide all\n\n\n[1 Data is from April 30, 2025. There are also 14,936 asylum-seekers in Rwanda: see https://data.unhcr.org/en/country/rwa](https://data.unhcr.org/en/country/rwa)\n[2 Loschmann, C., Bilgili, O. & Siegel, M. (2019) “Considering the benefits of hosting refugees: evidence of refugee camps influencing local labour](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40176-018-0138-2)\n[market activity and economic welfare in Rwanda,” IZA Journal of Development & Migration, pp. 1-23.](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40176-018-0138-2)\n3 The self-reliance survey is part of the “Enhancing Self-Reliance and Preparedness for Forced Displacement in the Great Lakes Region” activity\n[(P500793) and draws on the global Refugee Self-Reliance Initiative index (www.refugeeselfreliance.org).](http://www.refugeeselfreliance.org/)\n4 Phase I of Jya Mbere was approved on April 30, 2019, and will close on October 30, 2026. Of the total Phase I budget of US$84.41 million,\nUS$68 million is from the IDA 18 Sub-window for Refugees & Host Communities and the IDA 19 Window for Host Communities & Refugees\n(WHR) and US$4.41 million was provided in co-financing by the Danish International Development Agency (Danida).\n5 To meet WHR eligibility requirements, the Government submitted a Strategy Note on supporting refugees, which was discussed and agreed\nwith the World Bank.\n\n\nPage 1\n\n\n",
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+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda\nProject Phase II (P509677)\n\n\nrefugees with identity cards; (b) integrate refugee children into the national education system; (c) provide access for\nurban refugees to the national health insurance scheme; and (d) promote economic inclusion. Having met the\nStrategic Plan targets, the GoR reasserted its commitment to refugee inclusion at the December 2023 Global Refugee\nForum (GRF), where it confirmed previous pledges to upgrade schools for refugees and host communities, to enroll\nall refugees into the national health insurance scheme, expand opportunities for Technical and Vocational Education\nand Training (TVET) and to promote agriculture and job creation, particularly for youth. In the coming months, the\nGoR will issue a new _Refugee Sustainable Graduation Strategy 2025-2030_ . This is expected to mirror the Ministry of\nLocal Government’s 2022 _National Strategy for Sustainable Graduation_ for Rwandan nationals, which aims to\nincrease poor households’ productivity and resilience to lift their consumption permanently above the official\npoverty line.\n\n4. **The government has embraced the long-term development approach to refugee management, aligning with**\n**international good practice.** [6] Important gains over the last five years include: (a) almost all refugee children now\nattend national schools rather than camp-based schools; (b) most urban refugees have access to the government’s\nnational health insurance scheme; (c) plans are in place to transition camp-based health clinics to government\nmanagement to lower costs and support integration of refugees into national service delivery systems; and (d) the\ngovernment is implementing an economic inclusion strategy for refugees and host communities. Investments made\nover the last five years have addressed many of the impacts of the refugee presence that had created tensions with\nhost community members. Survey data from the mid-term review (MTR) of Jya Mbere Phase I showed that this has\nstrengthened social cohesion between refugees and host communities, creating a strong foundation for future\neconomic progress.\n\n5. **Building on the gains made, the government’s strategic aim for refugee management is now to promote**\n**self-reliance.** As one of the four objectives of the GCR, self-reliance is also central to both the National Strategy for\nSustainable Graduation and the draft Refugee Sustainable Graduation Strategy. Through successful implementation\nof the two strategies, the government expects to: (a) reduce expenditure on social safety net programs for Rwandese\nand humanitarian aid for refugees; and (b) unlock the potential of refugees to support economic development. This\nwill also contribute to key results in Rwanda’s _National Strategy for Transformation 2 (2024-2029)_ on creating jobs,\nimproving education and the quality-of service-delivery. Shifting to a development approach to achieve self-reliance\nis increasingly urgent in light of dwindling humanitarian assistance. For instance, funding for UNHCR in Rwanda fell\nfrom US$49 million in 2020 (only 49 percent of needs) to US$37 million in 2023 (41 percent of needs), despite almost\nno change in refugee numbers.\n\n6. **Progress towards achieving refugee self-reliance is hampered by a lack of employment and income-**\n**generating opportunities.** A tailored Refugee Self-Reliance Index (RSRI) prepared by the GoR, the World Bank and\nUNHCR measures refugee self-reliance in Rwanda. As noted above, the 2022 census and the first round of RSRI data\nshowed that most refugees have good access to basic services, but fare poorly with respect to employment and\nincome. The employment to population ratio for refugees is 15 percent as against 46 percent for the total\npopulation. According to the RSRI survey, just 24 percent of refugees reported doing paid work in the previous seven\ndays (though this increases to 45 percent for refugees living in Kigali) and only eight percent run a business or are\nengaged in farming. Low income is reflected in poor food security, with almost 60 percent of refugee households\nreporting that they typically eat only one meal per day. The main reasons provided for the low employment levels\nwere lack of skills (44 percent) and lack of information about the local labor market (34 percent). Other reasons cited\ninclude the need for investments in roads and connectivity to strengthen market access for agricultural producers\nand traders. A 2024 African Development Bank (AfDB) study on forced displacement in the region concluded that\npriority needs for self-reliance are better road connectivity, access to water and energy, improved educational and\n\n\n6 The GoR’s strategy is consistent with lessons from global experience in the 2023 World Development Report that a sustainable approach to\nmanaging forced displacement requires: (a) policies that provide freedom of movement and the right to work; (b) inclusion of refugees into\nnational service delivery systems to shift away from expensive parallel systems; and (c) support for self-reliance through access to jobs.\n\n\nPage 2\n\n\n",
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+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda\nProject Phase II (P509677)\n\n\nhealth facilities and market-linked skills training. [7] The 2024 Rwanda FinScope survey also showed relatively low takeup of finance for investments or credit for productive purposes by Rwandese and refugees, limiting business and\nincome-generating opportunities. [8]\n\n7. **High poverty rates and minimal economic activity in the hosting districts constrain self-reliance prospects**\n**for refugees and host communities alike.** The national non-monetary poverty rate in Rwanda of 30 percent is\nexceeded in all five districts that host refugee camps. Gisagara, where the Mugombwa camp is located, ranked as\nthe poorest district in the country in the 2022 Census at 45 percent. [9] By comparison, the City of Kigali has the lowest\npercentage of poor people (9.5 percent). Core elements of the non-monetary poverty index include health,\neducation and living standards, highlighting the dual need to: (a) invest in economic opportunity and access to\nservices in the hosting districts; and (b) at the same time, facilitate refugee mobility out of the camps and rural areas\ninto urban centers, where more opportunities are available and self-reliance is more achievable.\n\n\n8. **Building on the ongoing Phase I of Jya Mbere, Phase II aims to assist refugees and host communities to**\n**achieve self-reliance.** Compared to when Phase I commenced, there is now greater understanding conceptually and\nin practical terms of what it takes to achieve self-reliance. The Rwanda RSRI has seven domains: education, health,\nlabor, income, food security, ID/social capital, and housing, with the first four to be supported by Phase II (plus\nenvironmental management). Complementing the RSRI, the 2022 _National Graduation Strategy_ provides guidance\non the characteristics of those who have “graduated” out of long-term poverty into self-reliance, including livelihood\ndiversification, savings, and access to markets and services, all of which will be supported by Jya Mbere II.\n\n9. **Climate change poses risks to Rwanda’s positive economic outlook and refugees are particularly vulnerable**\n**to climate shocks** . Ranked 112 out of 185 countries in the 2021 Notre Dame-Global Adaptation Index (ND-GAIN),\nRwanda is vulnerable to flooding, heat, drought, and landslides, which are expected to increase in frequency and\nseverity. The country has already experienced a temperature increase of 1.4°C since 1970, higher than the global\naverage; and an increase of up to 2.0°C is expected by the 2030s. The need for urgent action to address climate\nchange impacts was highlighted by severe flooding and landslides in May 2023 that claimed many lives, destroyed\nhomes and infrastructure and affected livelihoods. Rwanda’s high dependence on rain-fed agriculture, as well as the\nneed to improve road networks, health facilities and water resource management all contribute to climate\nvulnerability. [10] The location of Rwanda’s refugee camps on rural hilltops makes them vulnerable to extreme weather\nevents such as flooding and associated landslides. High population density in the camps and the limited capacity of\nrefugees to adapt to the impacts of climate change exacerbates their vulnerability. Despite the protracted nature of\ndisplacement, refugee camps are not built for the long-term – they are also located in areas that experience higher\ntemperatures and lower rainfall than the national average. [11] Rwanda is also vulnerable to earthquakes, where 70\npercent of the population is exposed to magnitude 6.0 earthquakes. The latest occurrence was in 2008 when two\nearthquakes with magnitude 5.0 and higher hit Western province. Jya Mbere Phase II will, therefore, place more\nattention on integrating climate adaptation and mitigation measures in activity design and implementation.\n\n10. **The project is aligned with the World Bank Maximizing Finance for Development (MFD) approach.** Private\ninvestment generated through the project is counted towards Private Capital Enabling (PCE) and Private Capital\nMobilization (PCM). Component 2 on Economic Opportunity & Self-Reliance is verified as both PCE and PCM by\nsupporting a partial credit guarantee (PCG) scheme and matching grants. Sub-component 2(c) support to the\nBusiness Development Fund (BDF) PCG scheme is expected to facilitate access to finance for up to 3,000\n\n\n7 African Development Bank, UNHCR, IGAD & EAC (2024) _Regional Report:_ _Regional Program on Enhancing the Investment Climate for the_\n_Economic Empowerment of Refugee, Returnee, and Host/Return Community Women in the East and HoA and Great Lakes Region._\n8 Access to Finance Rwanda (2024) _FinScope 2024 Report_ . The report shows high levels of financial inclusion but low usage of financial services.\n9 Non-monetary poverty for the other four host districts is: Nyamagabe (Kigeme camp) 39 percent, Gatsibo (Nyabiheke Camp) 37 percent,\nKirehe (Mahama camp) 35 percent and Karongi (Kiziba camp) 34 percent. Data is from the 2022 Census.\n10 World Bank (2021) _Climate Risk Profile: Rwanda_ .\n11 Alex Hunns et al (2023) “Refugee Settlements are Highly Exposed to Extreme Weather Conditions.”\n\n\nPage 3\n\n\n",
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+ "source": "https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099102225213540444/pdf/BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695.pdf",
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+ {
+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda\nProject Phase II (P509677)\n\n\ncreditworthy refugees, leveraging US$2 million in additional credit from participating financial institutions (PFIs),\nbased on an estimated average loan value of US$700. The project has been tagged as PCE and indicators in the\nresults framework will track the PCE. Matching grants under sub-component 2(b) will mobilize private capital\nthrough the contributions of PFIs. PCM of US$5.7 million has been added to the financing table, based on a projected\n50 percent private co-financing rate relative to the US$5.7 million matching grant fund.\n\n\n**II.** **PROJECT DESCRIPTION**\n\n\n**A. Project Development Objective**\n\n\n11. To improve access to basic services and economic opportunities for refugees and host communities and\nsupport environmental management in the target areas in Rwanda.\n\n**B. Theory of Change and PDO Indicators**\n\n\n12. Proposed PDO indicators are:\n\n - Beneficiaries with improved access to social and economic infrastructure and services (number)\n(disaggregated by type of service and refugee/host community status and gender);\n\n - People benefiting from actions to expand and enable economic opportunities (number) (disaggregated by\nrefugee/host community status and gender); and\n\n - People benefitting from enhanced resilience of terrestrial and aquatic systems (number) (disaggregated by\nrefugee/host community status and gender) (corporate scorecard indicator).\n\n\n**Table 1: Project Theory of Change**\n\n\n\n\n\n|Problem Statement: Host and refugee households in refugee-hosting districts encounter barriers to accessing basic services and economic
opportunities, some of which are exacerbated by the refugee presence. However, if the right policies and programs are in place, the presence of
refugees also presents opportunities for development interventions to reduce barriers for all and contribute to greater integration.|Col2|Col3|Col4|Col5|\n|---|---|---|---|---|\n|**Activities**|**Outputs**|**Outcomes**|**Outcomes**|**Long-term**
**outcomes**|\n|**Activities**|**Outputs**|**Short Term (Yr 1-2)**|**Medium Term (Yr 3 – 5)**|**Medium Term (Yr 3 – 5)**|\n|Construction, upgrading and/or
rehabilitation of basic service
infrastructure.
Road upgrading and rehabilitation.|
Climate-resilient, high
quality basic service
infrastructure.
Newly constructed or
rehabilitated roads.
|Improved quality of basic
service provision.
Improved user satisfaction
with basic service
provision.
Increased integration of
refugees into national
service delivery systems.
Improved access to
markets.|Increased proportion of
refugees and host
community members
provided with improved
basic services.
|
Host and
refugee
households
have sustainable
livelihoods that
are resilient to
moderate
shocks.
Improved social
and economic
integration of
refugees & host
communities.|\n|Capacity building for businesses,
financial institutions and business
development advisers.
Provision of access to finance for
refugees and Rwandan
entrepreneurs, MSMEs, SMEs and
Cooperatives.
Graduation-style programming for
highly vulnerable beneficiaries
(weekly stipend, asset transfer,
training on soft skills and business|More effective
entrepreneurs and
business owners.
Increased number of
start-up/micro
businesses.
Increased number of
financed non-bankable
community members.
|Increased proportion of
sustainable entrepreneurs
and micro-enterprises.|Increased proportion of
refugees and host
community members
with sustainable income-
generation
opportunities, reducing
dependence on aid and
safety net programs.
|Increased proportion of
refugees and host
community members
with sustainable income-
generation
opportunities, reducing
dependence on aid and
safety net programs.
|\n\n\nPage 4\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n",
+ "datasets": [],
+ "document": {
+ "source": "https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099102225213540444/pdf/BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695.pdf",
+ "pages": [
+ 19
+ ]
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda\nProject Phase II (P509677)\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n|management, and access to
savings and finance).|Col2|Col3|Col4|Col5|\n|---|---|---|---|---|\n|Local climate resilience
investments (drainage, sanitation).|Infrastructure to manage
climate impacts, weather
events and impact of the
establishment of the
refugee camps.|Improved climate
resilience, including
resilience to flooding.
|Refugee hosting districts
with improved climate
resilient infrastructure.
|Refugee hosting districts
with improved climate
resilient infrastructure.
|\n|Capacity-building for
implementing agencies (IAs).|Training/learning events
on participatory planning,
forced displacement and
access to finance.|IAs have increased
knowledge on planning
and development
responses to forced
displacement.|Increased proportion of
community members
satisfied they can
influence community
decisions.|Increased proportion of
community members
satisfied they can
influence community
decisions.|\n|**_Critical Assumptions:_**_ 1. Improved infrastructure will equate to equitable access to services; 2. The GoR will continue to implement_
_commitments made in the Strategic Plan for Refugee Integration (2019-2024) and at the 2023 Global Refugee Forum._|**_Critical Assumptions:_**_ 1. Improved infrastructure will equate to equitable access to services; 2. The GoR will continue to implement_
_commitments made in the Strategic Plan for Refugee Integration (2019-2024) and at the 2023 Global Refugee Forum._|**_Critical Assumptions:_**_ 1. Improved infrastructure will equate to equitable access to services; 2. The GoR will continue to implement_
_commitments made in the Strategic Plan for Refugee Integration (2019-2024) and at the 2023 Global Refugee Forum._|**_Critical Assumptions:_**_ 1. Improved infrastructure will equate to equitable access to services; 2. The GoR will continue to implement_
_commitments made in the Strategic Plan for Refugee Integration (2019-2024) and at the 2023 Global Refugee Forum._|**_Critical Assumptions:_**_ 1. Improved infrastructure will equate to equitable access to services; 2. The GoR will continue to implement_
_commitments made in the Strategic Plan for Refugee Integration (2019-2024) and at the 2023 Global Refugee Forum._|\n\n\n\n13. **The Theory of Change is centered on enhancing the socio-economic inclusion of both refugees and host**\n**communities in Rwanda.** The project aims to achieve this by addressing negative impacts of the refugee presence\non host communities while, at the same, time maximizing the opportunities refugees provide for local development\nin the hosting areas. Project activities will support self-reliance for both refugees and host communities to reduce\ndependence on humanitarian aid and social safety net programs. Activities include improving access to basic\nservices, economic opportunities and strengthening environmental management.\n\n\n14. **The project envisions that by addressing the economic and social needs of both refugees and host**\n**communities, it will foster more inclusive and sustainable development.** This approach is expected to lead to\nincreased employment, improved livelihoods, and better social integration. The combination of activities is also\nexpected to contribute to increased resilience to climate-induced risks.\n\n**C. Project Beneficiaries**\n\n\n15. **The project will support 380,000 refugees and host community members.** Phase I targeted 20 percent\nrefugees and 80 percent host community members. Phase II will see a major increase in refugee inclusion,\nparticularly under the economic opportunity and self-reliance component. Coverage and beneficiaries by\ncomponent are described below in Table 2.\n\n\n**Table 2: Beneficiaries and locations by component**\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n|Component|Location|Beneficiaries|\n|---|---|---|\n|**Component 1: Access to Services and**
**Socio-economic Investments**|Five refugee hosting districts and one
transit district.|380,000 people (115,000 refugees and
265,000 host community members)|\n|**Component 2: Economic Opportunity &**
**Self-Reliance**
_Sub-component 2(a): Capacity-building_
_for enterprise development & Sub-_
_component 2(b): Access to finance_
_Sub-component 2(c): Credit guarantee_
_scheme_
_Sub-component 2(d): Graduation for_
_vulnerable groups_|Support refugees nationwide and host
community members in the five RHDs.
Refugees nationwide and host
community members in the five RHDs.
Refugees nationwide.
Refugees and host community members
in the five RHDs.|17,50012 (60% refugees)
4,500 beneficiaries (30% refugees)
receive MG. 2,500 receive capacity-
building (60% refugees)
3,000 beneficiaries (100% refugees)
2,500 households (70% refugees)
|\n|**Component 3:** **Environmental**
**Management & Climate Resilience**|Subprojects will be located in and
around the five refugee camps.|115,000 beneficiaries (85% refugees)|\n\n\n\n12 Comprises 4,500 people for 2(a) and 2(b); 3,000 for 2(c); and 10,000 for 2(d), based on an estimate of four people per household.\n\n\n\nPage 5\n\n\n",
+ "datasets": [],
+ "document": {
+ "source": "https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099102225213540444/pdf/BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695.pdf",
+ "pages": [
+ 20
+ ]
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda\nProject Phase II (P509677)\n\n\n**D. Project Components**\n\n\n16. **Jya Mbere Phase II investments will support priority domains from the self-reliance index – education,**\n**health, labor and income – and implementation of the government’s graduation strategies for Rwandan**\n**nationals and refugees.** The strategic evolution to focus on self-reliance will drive design changes for Phase II\ncompared to Phase I, including: (a) more funding will go to climate-resilient economic infrastructure and livelihood,\nincluding to address job skills gaps, which is a priority for the country as a whole and for refugees; [13] and (b) new\neconomic opportunity activities will be added for vulnerable groups and people who cannot access finance from\nformal financial institutions. Project activities will be organized in five components, as described below.\n\n**Component 1: Access to Services and Socio-economic Investments (US$41.1 million equivalent, of which US$13.3**\n**million equivalent from the WHR)**\n\n\n17. **Phase II will continue to support much-needed infrastructure in the five refugee-hosting districts, plus one**\n**transit district, Rubavu.** [14] As per Phase I, priority investments will be identified through the government’s District\nDevelopment Strategy (DDS) process, which draws on consultations from the village, cell, sector and up to the\ndistrict. [15] As also occurred under Phase I, additional consultations will be held with refugees and humanitarian\nagencies (through UNHCR) to ensure alignment with the needs of the refugee population and coordination with\nhumanitarian assistance. To be eligible for Jya Mbere II financing, infrastructure subprojects will need to comply\nwith the criteria in Table 3 below.\n\n\n**Table 3: Selection criteria for component one infrastructure subprojects**\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n|Criterion|Details|\n|---|---|\n|_Community demand_|Prioritized by participating local communities and refugees as critical community needs.|\n|_Shared benefits/economic_
_outcomes_|The subproject will benefit both the host and refugee communities, with preference given
to investments that will support economic opportunity.|\n|_Climate resilient_|Climate-risk assessments will be conducted for all subprojects under the component to
ensure that localized climate risks inform subproject selection and design.|\n|_Addresses gender concerns and_
_supports marginalized groups_|Gender and GBV concerns to be mainstreamed in the design (e.g., market facilities/
Integrated Craft & Production Centers (ICPCs) to include lighting and childcare facilities to
encourage women’s participation). Accessible to persons with disabilities.|\n|_Long-term sustainability and_
_functionality_|The government (district or national) guarantees O&M with budget provision and staffing
to ensure sustainability and functionality.|\n|_Aligned with national and_
_district strategies and_
_development plans_|Identified as a priority in the DDS and/or Local Economic Development Plan. Consistent
with the National Strategy for Transformation 2, the National Graduation Strategy and the
upcoming Refugee Sustainable Graduation Strategy 2025-2030.|\n|_Consistent with development_
_response to forced displacement_|No component one subprojects are expected in the refugee camps or in parallel service
delivery systems.16|\n\n\n\n13 World Bank (2024) _Rwanda Economic Update July 2024, Edition No. 23: Accelerating Skills Development to Foster Private Sector and Growth_\n_in Rwanda._\n14 A transit district hosts asylum-seekers in the immediate period after they have come across the border. They stay in Transit Centers while\ntheir refugee claims are assessed and while the government identifies a long-term site for their resettlement. Rubavu has experienced major\ninflows from the DRC in recent times, with many asylum seekers staying for months. The district is being included in the project for an\nIntegrated Craft & Production Center (ICPC) so that asylum seekers can work and seek training opportunities immediately upon arrival. This is\nexpected to expedite the process of socio-economic inclusion. The ICPC will also be used by host community members in the district.\n15 The two roads are an exception. They have been pre-identified by the government. For other subprojects, the GoR has prepared an\nindicative list, which will be validated through additional consultations with refugees, host communities and other stakeholders. The list\nincludes: (a) classroom construction for a school and TVET center in Gisagara; (b) health facilities in Gatsibo and Nyamagabe; (c) water systems\nin Kirehe and Nyamagabe; (d) markets in Kirehe and Karongi; and (e) ICPCs in Kirehe and Rubavu.\n16 The only exception could be upgrading of existing water systems in refugee camps to connect them to host communities.\n\n\nPage 6\n\n\n",
+ "datasets": [],
+ "document": {
+ "source": "https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099102225213540444/pdf/BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695.pdf",
+ "pages": [
+ 21
+ ]
+ }
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+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda\nProject Phase II (P509677)\n\n\n18. Component 1 investments will meet multiple objectives: (a) respond to refugee impacts on basic services,\nsuch as overcrowding of schools and health facilities and competition for water; (b) support the integration of\nrefugees into national service delivery systems to lower costs and strengthen social cohesion; (c) improve\nconnectivity and access to markets and promote economic opportunity; and (d) decrease exposure to climate\nchange and environmental risks. All infrastructure under component one will be built outside refugee camps to\nsupport state capacity and service delivery integration but will be used by both refugees and local residents.\n\n19. **All infrastructure will be built to climate-resilient standards.** As noted in Table 3, climate-risk assessments\nwill be conducted as part of the design of all subprojects to maximize climate adaptation and mitigation. The\nassessments will reflect climate vulnerabilities experienced in each location, as follows: (a) Kirehe and Gatsibo\ndistricts are prone to frequent rainfall deficits and drought; and (b) Nyamagabe and Karongi districts experience\nheavy rainfall, flooding and landslides. Forty percent of the population in the western and southern provinces,\nwhere Gisagara, Nyamagabe and Karongi are located, are exposed to landslide risks. Component investments will\ntake these climate risks into consideration through the following measures: (a) rainwater collection systems; (b)\nflood mitigation, including rock berms and application of soil cement on steeper slopes; and (c) construction or\nexpansion of drainage channels. Where possible, the project will also utilize energy-efficient lighting, and waste\nrecycling systems to support the transition towards a circular economy. All subprojects will meet the Construction\nCode of Standards, which requires building structures to conform with seismic loading and design requirements.\nThis is particularly relevant for facilities to be constructed in Karongi district, which is more prone to earthquakes.\n\n20. **All infrastructure will be built according to national standards** . The project will sign Memorandums of\nUnderstanding (MoUs) with the relevant national line agencies (e.g., Ministry of Education for schools and TVET\ncenters and Ministry of Health for health facilities) to ensure compliance with national standards and to commit\nthe line agencies to assume management of the facilities once completed. This includes responsibility for\noperations and maintenance (O&M) and the provision of relevant staffing. Unskilled labor will be provided by\nrefugees and local residents, with a target of 35 percent of positions for women (increase compared to 29 percent\nin Phase I). Activities will be implemented through two sub-components.\n\n21. _Sub-component 1(a): Access to services (US$6.17 million)_ will support the construction, upgrading and/or\nrehabilitation of basic service infrastructure to climate-resilient design standards, as follows:\n\n\ni. _Schools (primary, secondary and TVET)._ The construction or upgrading of educational facilities will reduce\novercrowding caused by the refugee presence. The attendance of refugees at national schools also limits\nthe need for expensive parallel camp-based schools and supports social cohesion. Construction will support\nenhanced climate resilience and adaptive capacity (e.g., raising floors to protect buildings from flooding,\nschools designed to be used for evacuation shelters).\nii. _Health facilities._ Refugees in camps access health facilities run by camp-based partner organizations. For\n\nmore complex problems, they are referred to government facilities outside the camps, leading to\novercrowding and long waiting times. Jya Mbere II will construct, upgrade and/or rehabilitate government\nhealth facilities in the vicinity of the camps to improve service delivery and reduce overcrowding for all.\nThis will strengthen the capacity of the health system to respond to disease, the spread of which –\nparticularly vector-borne diseases – is expected to rise due to climate impacts such as rising temperature\nand rainfall. This is likely to be a particular challenge in Nyamagabe district, where the project is expected\nto upgrade a health center.\niii. _Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH)_ infrastructure to be supported will benefit refugees and host\n\ncommunity members to reduce resource competition and to address host community concerns that\nrefugees enjoy better access to water. The indicative subproject list includes water system upgrades in\nKirehe and Nyamagabe. In Kirehe, the rainwater collection investments will directly respond to increasing\n\n\nPage 7\n\n\n",
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+ "source": "https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099102225213540444/pdf/BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695.pdf",
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+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda\nProject Phase II (P509677)\n\n\nrainfall deficits, increasing adaptive capacity. In Nyamagabe, where heavy rainfall is becoming more\ncommon, this will support access to clean drinking water and improved water quality for communities.\n\n22. _Sub-component 1(b): Socio-economic investments (US$30.7 million)._ This sub-component will support the\nconstruction, upgrading and/or rehabilitation of infrastructure to promote economic activity, connect remote\nrefugee and host populations to markets and to strengthen the access of traders and entrepreneurs to the refugee\nand host populations. The allocation for road upgrading/rehabilitation includes US$70,000 for RTDA operational\nexpenses. The following activities will be financed:\n\n\ni. _Road upgrading/rehabilitation._ This sub-component allocates US$26.07 million to upgrade 38 kilometers\nof roads to connect refugee camps and economic centers in Kirehe (Mahama Camp) and Gatsibo\n(Nyabiheke Camp). This will decrease the cost of travel to seek employment, run businesses and access\nservices, facilitate the entry of public transport to the camps and improve access for traders to the refugee\nmarket. In line with national standards, the roads will be upgraded to Double Bituminous Surface\nTreatment (DBST) and contracts will be let on a design-build-maintain (DBM) basis. Feasibility studies for\nboth roads have been completed, facilitating rapid start-up. The Rwanda Transport Development Authority\n(RTDA) will implement these subprojects. See Annex 2 for details on climate adaptation and mitigation\nmeasures that will be utilized for the road subprojects, particularly to respond to flood risks.\nii. _Market facilities._ Under Phase I, Jya Mbere upgraded two markets in the vicinity of camps, providing a\n\nplace for refugees and host communities to trade together. The Phase I investments increased the number\nof traders, the volume of trade and satisfaction with the facilities. Phase II will support market construction,\nrehabilitation and/or upgrading in two additional host districts. As in Phase I, to encourage the\nparticipation of female traders, market facilities will include: (a) energy efficient lighting for security and\nextended hours; (b) upgraded water and sanitation facilities; and (c) childcare facilities. Measures will also\nbe taken to improve climate resilience (e.g., providing climate-controlled storage facilities). [17]\niii. _Integrated Craft & Production Centers (ICPCs)._ Jya Mbere II will support the construction, upgrading or\n\nrehabilitation of two ICPCs (known as _Agakiriro_ in Kinyarwanda) _._ ICPCs aim to support employment,\nespecially for youth, by providing a place for craft and production activities, training and workspaces. They\naccommodate a range of industries, including garment and textiles, trades and Information &\nCommunication Technology (ICT). The trades, services and training opportunities to be made available in\nthe ICPCs to be built under Jya Mbere II will closely align with local market conditions and demand. [18]\n\n23. _Sub-component 1(c): Land expropriation and resettlement costs (US$4.23 million)._ This sub-component will\nfinance land expropriation and resettlement costs associated with component 1 subprojects, with most of the\nfunding expected to be for the roads. It will be implemented by RTDA and MINEMA.\n\n\n**Component 2: Economic Opportunity & Self-reliance (US$16.25 million equivalent, of which US$9.8 million**\n**equivalent from the WHR))**\n\n\n24. **Phase II will continue to support refugee and host community businesses with a combination of capacity-**\n**building and access to finance through participating financial institutions (PFIs).** Two new sub-components will\nbe added to address the main gaps identified in Phase I, being lack of collateral and the absence of support for\nhighly vulnerable groups/the unbanked.\n\n\n25. **The component design has been adjusted in line with learning from Phase I.** Key achievements for the\ncurrent phase include: (a) nine financial institutions – micro-finance institutions (MFIs) and commercial banks –\n\n\n17 Upon completion, as per standard practice in Rwanda, the markets will be handed over to a users’ committee to manage, including O&M,\nunder the supervision of the District Business Development and Employment Unit.\n18 Upon completion, as per standard practice in Rwanda, the ICPCs will be handed over a cooperative for management, which will operate\nunder the guidance of STECOMA, a syndicate of ICPCs. District authorities will support many major maintenance costs for the facility.\n\n\nPage 8\n\n\n",
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+ "source": "https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099102225213540444/pdf/BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695.pdf",
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+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda\nProject Phase II (P509677)\n\n\nhave signed on as PFIs. Working through PFIs has allowed for proper screening to ensure that business plans are\nmarket-based and viable; (b) almost all funds have been committed with around 17 months remaining in the\nproject; (c) over 5,000 beneficiaries (26 percent refugees) have received a matching grant (MG); (d) at mid-term,\n91 percent of the businesses were still operational, of which 85 percent reported an increase in income as a result\nof the project; (e) the non-performing loan ratio is very low at 0.7 percent, indicating that the MG is a strong\nincentive for loan repayment; and (f) the scheme has demonstrated to the Development Bank of Rwanda (BRD), as\nthe implementing agency, and commercial banks that refugees – previously considered too risky – are a viable\nmarket for financial services, an outcome which can deliver long-term sustainable benefits. On the other hand, a\nnumber of lessons and areas of improvement have been identified that Phase II will seek to address: (a) lack of\ncollateral is a major constraint for many potential entrepreneurs, but particularly refugees, who rarely own land,\nhousing or property in Rwanda; (b) very few MFIs and Savings and Credit Cooperatives (SACCOs) signed on as Jya\nMbere PFIs, limiting opportunities to expand financial services to the poor and vulnerable; (c) Jya Mbere lacked an\ninstrument to support start-ups and the unbanked; (d) slow turnaround time (TAT) at BRD created multiple\noperational challenges; and (e) communication and awareness raising on the MG scheme was late and inadequate.\n\n26. **Responding to these lessons, component two will employ an integrated approach to address financial**\n**needs and promote self-reliance.** Component activities will cover all beneficiary segments, including Micro, Small\nand Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), cooperatives, and vulnerable populations. Credit guarantees will help small and\ngrowing businesses access financing by mitigating collateral challenges. MFI involvement in the project will be\nexpanded to provide more financing options for micro-businesses. Capacity building will improve business\nmanagement, financial literacy and employability skills for entrepreneurs and jobseekers. Matching grants will\nsupport bankable projects, boosting confidence and attracting financing from financial institutions. For nonbankable populations, a graduation approach combining stipends, asset transfers, training and access to savings\nand grants will enhance their financial stability and bankability. This integrated approach will create a\ncomprehensive support system, offering diverse financial products and services. The component comprises four\nsub-components, as described below.\n\n27. _Sub-component 2(a): Capacity-building for enterprise development (US$3.19 million)._ The project will\nstrengthen the financing value chain and improve access to finance by: (a) building the capacity of enterprises and\ncooperatives to start and grow their businesses (business planning, financial literacy, self-initiative and marketing);\n(b) enhancing the capacity of the existing network of Business Development Advisers (BDAs), who will, in turn,\nsupport local initiatives by linking them with funding from the project and other sources. As under Phase I, refugees\nwill also be trained as BDAs; and (c) enhancing PFI capacity, including MFIs and SACCOs, to help them meet BRD\nrequirements to become a Jya Mbere PFI. Changes to the capacity-building approach in Phase II will include: (a)\ncapacity-building will be added for essential workforce skills, such as applying for jobs and creating linkages to job\nopportunities; (b) greater emphasis on coaching and mentorship and creating linkages to markets and capital; and\n(c) support to entrepreneurs to conduct climate-sensitive market assessments and value chain analyses and to\nprepare climate-resilient business plans. The project will update the needs assessment undertaken for Phase I to\ndefine the parameters of the capacity-building program. This sub-component includes US$1.69 million in\noperational costs for BRD to manage component activities.\n\n28. _Sub-component 2(b): Access to finance (US$5.7 million)._ This sub-component will provide finance to Rwandan\nand refugee entrepreneurs. The MG scheme will be retained, though with refinements based on lessons from Phase\nI, including: (a) detailed communication strategy will be prepared with districts, PFIs, UNHCR and refugee\nrepresentatives and will be launched before funds are released to beneficiaries; (b) linkages will be made to TVET\ngraduates (including from TVET centers financed by Jya Mbere) to help them access financial support for their\nbusiness ideas post-training; (c) BRD will have more autonomy in Phase II, with separate funds flow and decisionmaking capacity, which is expected to improve efficiency; and (d) performance agreements for BRD project staff\nwill include incentives to improve TAT.\n\n\nPage 9\n\n\n",
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+ "source": "https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099102225213540444/pdf/BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695.pdf",
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+ {
+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda\nProject Phase II (P509677)\n\n\n29. **Eligible beneficiaries** . Sub-component 2(b) financing will cover initial investments or expansion of existing\nbusinesses. Only businesses in low-carbon industries will be supported. [19] Eligible beneficiaries will be: (a) MSMEs\nled by refugees and/or host communities; and (b) SMEs and cooperatives with proposals that will employ people,\nof whom at least ten percent will be refugees. Beneficiaries must have a climate-resilient business plan, informed\nby a climate-sensitive market assessment and value chain analysis and will be screened for climate risks and energy\nefficiency. Targets will be set for refugees (30 percent) and women-led businesses (50 percent).\n\n30. The MG is provided as a complement to loans offered by PFIs. The process for the scheme will be as follows:\n\n\n - PFI receives and appraises viability and eligibility of a proposal submitted by a refugee and/or host\ncommunity member (as an individual, association, cooperative, corporation or entity), using their loan\npolicies;\n\n - PFI will conduct Environmental and Social (E&S) screening and will submit the documentation to BRD for\nreview and clearance;\n\n - PFIs submit a pipeline of eligible proposals to BRD and request corresponding MG funds from BRD;\n\n - BRD disburses the MG to the PFIs for the approved pipeline; and\n\n - PFI releases the MG to the beneficiary once the loan portion is repaid.\n\n31. Key features of the matching grant scheme will be detailed in a Phase II MG Manual and will include:\n\n\n - _Retain the same thresholds:_ 50 percent grant for loans of RWF5 million (approximately US$3,600) or less; 40\npercent grant for loans between RWF5 million-RWF25 million (approximately US$18,000); and 30 percent\ngrant for loans exceeding RWF25 million. The beneficiary contributes 10 percent; the project provides an MG\nof between 30-50 percent of the loan value; and the beneficiary contracts a loan with the PFI for the balance\n(40-60 percent);\n\n - _Ceiling:_ in Phase I, 90 percent of beneficiaries were micro and small businesses. To support a larger number\nof small businesses, the project will set a maximum MG amount of RWF100,000,000 (approximately\nUS$72,000). Companies that can prove the creation of 200 permanent, long-term jobs, and contribution to\ndistrict value chains (excluding seasonal employment) may receive grants up to RWF300,000,000\n(approximately US$220,000);\n\n - _Expand reach to new clients_ : the MG may be granted only to new clients who have not previously benefited\nfrom the scheme to ensure opportunities for more businesses;\n\n - _Limit grant frequency:_ the MG will be awarded only once per client to encourage self-sufficiency and allow\nmore businesses to benefit. An exception will be made for first time micro and small enterprises, which will\nbe allowed to access the MG twice; [20]\n\n - _Refugee employment requirements:_ each applicant will need to employ at least 20 percent refugees within\ntheir company. [21] However, in the Matching Grants Manual, a ceiling will be introduced, setting a maximum\nallowable cost per job, calculated by dividing the total grant requested by the number of new jobs created.\nConsequently, higher funding requests will require a greater number of jobs to be created; and\n\n - _Improved TAT:_ BRD will prepare a strategy to expedite TAT, which was identified by PFIs and beneficiaries as\nthe main operational deficiency during Phase I.\n\n32. Sub-components 2(a) and (b) will be implemented by BRD, which will sign a Subsidiary Agreement (SA) with\nthe Recipient. BRD will closely coordinate with MINEMA and the districts. BRD will sign an MoU with MINEMA that\ndescribes their respective roles and responsibilities.\n\n\n19 The Project Implementation Manual (PIM) will have an exclusion list to ensure that only low-carbon, environmentally sustainable, and\nsocially responsible sectors and activities are supported. This will help mitigate the risk of financing high-risk or unsustainable enterprises.\n20 The maximum amount per transaction for the micro and small enterprises will be defined in the Matching Grants Manual, as will the\ndefinitions of micro, small, medium and large enterprises.\n21 Micro and small enterprises will be exempt from this requirement.\n\n\nPage 10\n\n\n",
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+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda\nProject Phase II (P509677)\n\n\n33. _Sub-component 2(c): Partial Credit Guarantee Scheme (US$860,000)._ Despite the financing provided through\nthe MG scheme, many financial institutions in Rwanda remain hesitant to lend to creditworthy refugees due to the\nlack of an established credit history and insufficient collateral. The GoR’s Business Development Fund (BDF) has a\npartial credit guarantee (PCG) scheme to respond to the collateral challenge. While refugees are eligible for the\nscheme, few either access it or are aware that it exists. Building on the experience of the ongoing Access to Finance\nfor Recovery and Resilience project (P175273) in Rwanda, which is partly implemented by BDF, the sub-component\nwill support and facilitate the provision of individual PCGs to refugees to offset PFI collateral requirements or\nportfolio guarantees to cover credit losses associated with loans made to refugees.\n\n34. **BDF will implement the sub-component.** A full Financial Intermediary Assessment of BDF was conducted as\npart of project preparation, full details of which will be included in the Project Implementation Manual. [22] Given\nthat capital needs will be provided by BDF, funding from Jya Mbere II will only be required for BDF’s operational\ncosts, including awareness-raising for financial institutions and refugees and business development services. While\nthe scheme is accessible for all people nationwide, sub-component activities will focus on the five RHDs, the City\nof Kigali and Bugesera, which, combined, host over 90 percent of the refugee population.\n\n35. **The PCG sub-component design features will include:** (a) coverage of PFI loans to creditworthy refugees; (b)\nflexible coverage tailored to the risk of the target market segment, between 50 percent and 75 percent; (c) pricing\nbased on the risk of each PFI and BDF pricing policies for underserved segments; and (d) PFIs to conduct due\ndiligence on the creditworthiness of the proposed borrowers. To minimize borrowers’ moral hazard, there will be\nno direct contact between the BDF and end borrowers; all information required by the BDF on borrowers and\nprojects will be collected through the PFIs. Full details will be included in a PCG Manual, acceptance of which by\nthe World Bank will be a condition of disbursement for this sub-component.\n\n36. **Eligibility criteria.** The PCG will be open to creditworthy refugees. Detailed terms and conditions of the\nguarantees will be spelled out in the PCG manual and in a PCG Agreement to be signed between the BDF and PFIs.\nThe BDF will be solely responsible for the selection of PFIs and monitoring of compliance with the eligibility criteria.\n\n37. _Sub-component 2(d): Graduation for vulnerable groups (US$6.5 million)._ To support highly vulnerable\nrefugees and host community members who are not bankable, graduation-style programming will be introduced\nin Phase II. Sub-component activities will target individuals living in extreme poverty who face barriers such as lack\nof collateral, limited financial literacy and social exclusion. MINEMA will contract an implementing partner to\nsupport at least 2,500 households (70 percent refugee/30 percent host community members/60 percent femaleheaded) with a 36-month program of assistance in the five RHDs. Consistent with graduation programs\nimplemented worldwide and in Rwanda (including in refugee contexts), this will provide a combination of: (a) a\nweekly stipend to meet consumption needs; (b) asset transfer (cash); (c) training and coaching on soft skills, job\nskills and business management; and (d) access to savings and finance to build financial resilience. This is expected\nto transition the beneficiaries from dependency on humanitarian assistance (refugees) and safety net programs\n(Rwandese nationals), promote self-reliance and foster economic inclusion. This activity will adopt the “green\ngraduation” approach to support climate resilience, including: (a) awareness-raising on climate change risks in the\ntraining and coaching; and (b) support for climate-sensitive livelihood activities, including climate smart agriculture.\n\n\n**Component 3: Environmental Management & Climate Resilience (US$5.33 million equivalent, of which US$4.3**\n**million equivalent from the WHR)**\n\n\n38. **Most of the refugee camps in Rwanda are located on hilltops, making them and the surrounding areas**\n**vulnerable to climate-induced extreme weather events.** The camps have inadequate drainage systems, causing\n\n\n22 Key elements of the Assessment are: (a) BDF is a Government Business Enterprise established in 2011 an d owned by the GoR and BRD to\nhelp MSMEs access finance, especially those lacking collateral; and (b) BDF supported over 49,000 businesses and spent over RWF153 billion.\n\n\nPage 11\n\n\n",
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+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda\nProject Phase II (P509677)\n\n\nstorm water run-off, soil erosion, landslides and the formation of ravines. Storm water run-off has damaged\nagricultural land, houses and infrastructure (such as roads and markets) in the host communities, creating social\ntensions. Jya Mbere Phase I has invested US$9 million to stabilize ravines. While this is expected to resolve the\nimmediate problem, the conditions leading to the formation of the ravines remain in place. The likelihood of\nclimate change-induced extreme weather events will exacerbate the problem.\n\n39. **Phase II needs assessment** . A joint MINEMA-UNHCR-World Bank assessment undertaken for Phase II\n(updating the assessment conducted for Phase I) identified the following priorities to reduce the environmental\nimpact of the camps on host communities and to build resilience to climate risks: (a) support for drainage and\nstorm water management; and (b) measures to address septage and sewage leaks from the camps that are\npolluting water sources used by host community members and refugees. [23] This combination of activities is\nexpected to prevent the formation of more ravines and enhance living conditions and health in the camps and\nsurrounding areas. Activities will be implemented through two sub-components.\n\n40. _Sub-component 3(a): Drainage and water harvesting (US$4.6 million)._ The project will fund the construction\nof stone masonry drainage systems and the provision of tanks for water harvesting in all five camps. Design and\nfeasibility studies for the drainage network and rainwater harvesting will be conducted to inform the tendering\nprocess. Rainwater will be harvested from the roofs of large institutional buildings in each camp (schools, health\nfacilities, business centers, etc.) into high-capacity tanks, noting that harvesting is not feasible from refugee\ndwellings on which gutters cannot be installed. The combination of drainage and water harvesting will help to\nmanage storm water run-off to prevent the formation of new ravines, improve living conditions in the camps and\nmake clean water available to refugees.\n\n41. _Sub-component 3(b): Septage management (US$0.73 million)._ Septic systems in the camps are designed to\nbe periodically evacuated by tankers for disposal. However, a lack of access ways prevents tankers from carrying\nthis out, causing overflow of sewage and septage, contaminating ground water and water springs used by refugees\nand local residents alike. The project will support the construction of access-ways to allow evacuation tankers to\nremove septage from communal toilet systems in Kigeme camp (Nyamagabe) and Kiziba camp (Karongi), where\nleakages and overflows into the environment/water sources are most serious. The layout and construction of the\naccess-ways will be done through a design and build procurement approach. These districts experience frequent\nheavy rainfall, so the activity will directly respond to the climate-induced risk of more frequent flooding rains.\n\n42. **Implementation** . This component will be implemented by MINEMA, supported by the Ministry of\nEnvironment and the Rwanda Environment Management Authority. As activities will be in the camps, MINEMA will\nbe responsible for long-term management and maintenance. The activities are expected to improve environmental\nconditions for 125,000 people (camp-based refugee population and people living in the surrounding villages).\n\n**Component 4: Project Management, M&E and Capacity-Building (US$4.02 million equivalent)**\n\n\n43. This component will support the Single Project Implementation Unit (SPIU) at MINEMA and staff in the target\ndistricts to manage the project. [24] This will include project staff at the district level for coordination and oversight.\nM&E arrangements will include a baseline survey, annual surveys, and endline assessment and continued operation\nof the Management Information System (MIS). Other activities will include a communications strategy and funds\nfor capacity-building for staff from all project implementing agencies on issues such as community development,\nfiduciary management, E&S risk management, financial inclusion, climate risk management and development\nresponses to forced displacement.\n\n\n23 The assessment also identified additional needs that will not be included in the Phase II design due to resource constraints and to avoid\novercomplicating the design: (a) reforestation in and around the camps; (b) solid waste management; and (c) insufficient fuel for cooking.\n24 Operational costs for BDF are covered in sub-component 2(c).\n\n\nPage 12\n\n\n",
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+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda\nProject Phase II (P509677)\n\n\n**Component 5: Contingent Emergency Response Component (CERC) (US$0)**\n\n\n44. **A CERC is included in the project in accordance with Investment Project Financing (IPF) Policy, paragraphs**\n**12 and 13, for Situations of Urgent Need of Assistance and Capacity Constraints.** This will allow for rapid\nreallocation of uncommitted funds in the event of an eligible emergency. Completion of a CERC Manual will be a\nwithdrawal condition for this component. For the CERC to be activated, and financing to be provided, the\nGovernment will need: (a) to submit a request letter for CERC activation and the evidence required to determine\neligibility of the emergency, as defined in the CERC Annex; (ii) an Emergency Action Plan, including the emergency\nexpenditures to be financed; and (iii) to meet the E&S requirements as agreed in the Emergency Action Plan and\nESCP. WHR funds re-allocated to the CERC may only be used to benefit refugees and host communities.\n\n**E. Role of Partners**\n\n**Table 4: Role of Partners**\n\n|Partner|Nature of Involvement/Description|\n|---|---|\n|UNHCR|MINEMA works with UNHCR to manage refugee camps and develop strategies for refugee inclusion and self-
reliance. UNHCR has been involved in the project since Phase I in the following ways, all of which will continue
in Phase II: (a) providing technical input on the design; (b) sitting on the Project Steering Committee and
Project Technical Committee which, among other things, reviews and approves the Annual Work Plan &
Budget; (c) joining bi-annual World Bank Implementation Support Missions; (d) monitoring project activities on
the ground through its field offices; (e) participating in quarterly coordination meetings with the World Bank;
and (f) providing bi-annual updates on the framework for refugee protection in Rwanda.|\n\n\n\n**F. Lessons Learned and Reflected in the Project Design**\n\n\n45. **Refugee situations tend to last for years and managing them exclusively through emergency and**\n**humanitarian programs is ineffective** . The main conclusion of the World Development Report 2023 on _Migrants,_\n_Refugees & Societies_ is that policies should be geared toward financial and social sustainability by means of internal\nmobility, self-reliance, and inclusion in national services. The design of Jya Mbere II fully aligns with these lessons\nthrough its focus on self-reliance and investments to support the integration of refugees into national service\ndelivery systems, such as health and education, which lowers costs and underpins social cohesion.\n\n46. **Multi-sectoral development investments directed to forcibly displaced populations and host communities**\n**can improve welfare, mitigate the negative effects of displacement, generate positive externalities, and promote**\n**social cohesion.** The 2022 World Bank report, _Social Cohesion and Forced Displacement,_ concludes that to preempt social tensions that can emerge in situations of forced displacement, governments and humanitarian and\ndevelopment agencies should direct short- and long-term assistance to both the displaced and host communities.\nThis can help reduce real and perceived inequalities and prevent host communities from forming negative attitudes\nabout newly arriving displaced persons. Phase II of Jya Mbere continues the area-based approach of Phase I,\nproviding multi-sectoral support to respond to the impacts of forced displacement, covering refugees and host\ncommunities. The mid-term survey for Phase I indicated positive results from this approach for social relations\nbetween refugees and local residents, mirroring results from independent impact evaluations of the Development\nResponse to Displacement Impacts Project (DRDIP) in Ethiopia (P152822) and Kenya (P161067).\n\n47. **By creating new challenges and new opportunities, the presence of refugees transforms the environment**\n**in which host communities are pursuing their own development efforts.** This requires an approach that supports\nhosting areas rather than focusing on refugees alone. Investments are needed to mitigate the downside of hosting\nrefugees – overcrowded basic services, environmental degradation, competition over natural resources and,\nsometimes, over employment opportunities – while taking advantage of the benefits their presence may generate\nthrough their human capital, financial resources and the humanitarian and development assistance they can\n\n\nPage 13\n\n\n",
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+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda\nProject Phase II (P509677)\n\n\nattract. Jya Mbere II includes a mix of investments to address negative impacts of the refugee presence while\nmaximizing the positive.\n\n48. **Integration across components.** The long-term development response to forced displacement requires\nmulti-sectoral investments, but they need to be well integrated to maximize impact through mutually reinforcing\noutcomes. For instance, road upgrading should connect people to social service infrastructure and business\nopportunities; TVET graduates should be connected to capacity-building and access to finance, etc. Jya Mbere II\nseeks to ensure this integration by aligning investments with district plans and through inter-agency coordination.\n\n49. **Multi-sectoral projects implemented at the local level require clear coordination and communication**\n**processes.** Project management can be complicated in situations where multiple government agencies are involved\nat the national and sub-national levels. Learning from similar projects in Rwanda and Jya Mbere Phase I, the project\nincludes the following features: (a) inter-agency Project Steering Committee and Technical Committee comprising\nrelevant line agencies, plus UNHCR; (b) inception workshops involving all key agencies; and (c) monthly progress\nmeetings between MINEMA and the participating districts, as well as appointment of project staff in all district\noffices for monitoring and coordination.\n\n**III.** **PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION**\n\n\n**A. Institutional and Implementation Arrangements**\n\n\n50. **Strategic guidance and oversight will be provided by an inter-agency Project Steering Committee (PSC).**\nThe PSC will be chaired by the Minister in Charge of Emergency Management, which is the main implementing\nagency and the government body in charge of refugee management. Membership will comprise BRD, RTDA, BDF,\nMayors of the participating districts, UNHCR, and relevant line agencies (e.g., MINECOFIN, Ministry of Local\nGovernment, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Bio-medical Centre, Ministry of Trade and Industry,\nRwanda Housing Authority, Rwanda TVET Board, Ministry of Infrastructure, etc.). The PSC will sign off on the Annual\nWork Plan and Budget (AWPB) and ensure consistency with national standards and policies across the different\nsectors, including the upcoming GoR Refugee Graduation Strategy. Complementing the PSC will be a Project\nTechnical Committee, which comprises the same agencies as the PSC, but with technical level staff. The PTC will\nmeet prior to PSC meetings to review progress reports and AWPBs in detail.\n\n\n**Figure 1: Implementation Arrangements**\n\n\nPage 14\n\n\n",
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+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda\nProject Phase II (P509677)\n\n\n51. **Overall management.** Coordination and leadership will be vested in the MINEMA SPIU. The SPIU will have\noverall responsibility for project implementation, coordinating activities on the ground and reporting on progress.\nThe SPIU is in place and will continue to be responsible for Phase II, ensuring rapid commencement of project\nactivities.\n\n52. **Implementing agency by component.** Table 5 below summarizes implementation arrangements by\ncomponent/sub-component, including the legal documentation required. Each IA (MINEMA, BRD, RTDA and BDF)\nwill prepare their own AWPB for review and approval by the World Bank and the PSC.\n\n\n**Table 5: Implementation arrangements by component/sub-component**\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n|Component/sub-component|Implementing Agency(s)|Details|\n|---|---|---|\n|Component 1 (except roads)|Target districts will implement, including
procurement and contract management.
MINEMA will support implementation
and will be responsible for E&S.|Target districts will sign a Target District
Implementation Agreement (TDIA) with
MINEMA.|\n|Component 1 (roads)|RTDA, through its SPIU.|RTDA will sign an SA with MINECOFIN, a
Project Agreement with the World Bank and
an MoU with MINEMA.|\n|Sub-components 2(a) and
2(b)|BRD will implement. MINEMA will have
staff in each district to support
implementation and oversight for the
entire project, including component 2.|BRD will sign an SA with MINECOFIN, a Project
Agreement with the World Bank and an MoU
with MINEMA.|\n|Sub-component 2(c)|BDF will implement through its SPIU.|BDF will sign an SA with MINECOFIN, an MoU
with MINEMA and a Project Agreement with
the World Bank|\n|Sub-component 2(d)|MINEMA|MINEMA will contract an implementing
partner based on a competitive tender.|\n|Component 3|MINEMA||\n\n\n53. **Adjustments will be made to implementation arrangements in Phase II to enhance efficiency and impact.**\nChanges compared to Phase I will include: (a) BRD and RTDA will operate with more autonomy, with funds flow\ndirectly from MINECOFIN (as opposed to the current situation whereby funds are channeled through MINEMA).\nThe same arrangement will be in place for BDF. All the IAs will, however, continue to coordinate with and report\nto MINEMA pursuant to the terms of MoUs they will sign; and (b) BRD will convene quarterly coordination meetings\nwith other organizations supporting host community-refugee livelihood to identify synergies and opportunities for\ncollaboration.\n\n**B. Results Monitoring, Evaluation, and Verification Arrangements**\n\n\n54. **M&E System.** MINEMA will have overall responsibility for M&E, including the preparation of consolidated\nquarterly progress reports and an Annual Report to the World Bank. MINEMA, BRD, RTDA and BDF will have M&E\nspecialists responsible for collecting and collating data on project outputs and outcomes. Reporting templates will\nbe reviewed for Phase II and included in an updated M&E section in the PIM. The existing Project MIS will continue\nto be utilized.\n\n55. **Project results will be captured through baseline, annual and endline surveys.** This will include surveys of\nusers of project-financed infrastructure (schools, health facilities, water systems, markets, etc.) to directly track\nsatisfaction with Jya Mbere II investments. Regular phone surveys will also be conducted for beneficiaries under\ncomponent two to gather data on business sustainability and profitability to allow for real-time learning and course\ncorrection as necessary.\n\n\nPage 15\n\n\n",
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+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda\nProject Phase II (P509677)\n\n\n**C. Disbursement Arrangements**\n\n\n56. **To manage the World Bank funding, the project will maintain segregated Designated Accounts (DA) for**\n**each implementing agency (IA) at the Central Bank, denominated in US dollars.** In addition, BRD will open an\noperational account denominated in Rwandan Francs to facilitate local currency transactions. Disbursements will\nfollow the Interim Financial Report (IFR)-based method. The project may also use direct payments, reimbursements\nand special commitments, depending on the case. The project is fully funded by IDA with no counterpart funding.\nThe signatories of the DA will be communicated to the World Bank by MINECOFIN. Upon effectiveness, the project\nwill submit to the World Bank a request for withdrawal of funds based on six months cash forecast. Detailed\narrangements for disbursement are laid out in the Disbursement and Financial Information Letter (DFIL). Based on\nrequests, the World Bank will transfer advances to the DAs. Subsequent replenishment of the DA will be based on\nthe submission of application of withdrawal, accompanied by quarterly IFRs, which are reviewed and cleared by\nthe World Bank.\n\n57. **For activities implemented at the district level, MINEMA will disburse funds directly to each district into a**\n**separate operational project account denominated in RWF opened at the Central Bank.** Funds will be disbursed\nas per modalities stipulated in the TDIAs, which will include at a minimum an approved annual work plan and cash\nflow plan. Subsequent requests will be based on modalities defined in the PIM and the TDIAs.\n\n\n**IV.** **PROJECT APPRAISAL SUMMARY**\n\n\n**A. Technical, Economic and Financial Analysis**\n\n\n**Economic Analysis**\n\n58. Based on the economic and financial analysis, the net present value (NPV) is estimated at US$25.2 million at\na 12 percent discount rate, and the economic rate of return (ERR) at 26 percent. [25] For the purpose of this analysis,\nwe consider anticipated economic benefits as the income of the project investments—therein applying the\ndiscounted cash flow model for financial analysis of private investments within the context of a World Bankfinanced project. Key variables used as assumptions in this analysis have been tested for sensitivity to ensure\nrobustness of the overall analysis and the potential project interventions.\n\n59. **Additional spillover effects and growth of project investments are likely to amplify the impact of project**\n**investments.** These social benefits include increased climate resilience, improved financial security and resilience\nof beneficiaries, deepening capital markets and entrepreneurial ecosystem, better integration of refugees into the\ngeneral population, wider access to credit gains, additional businesses formalizing, better physical and mental\nhealth among beneficiaries, etc. The project investments are also likely to spur positive externalities for the wider\npopulation beyond direct beneficiaries. Such externalities also include increased economic and trading activity,\nwider growth of key value chains, increased use of local content, female empowerment and reduction in\nentrepreneurial barriers, etc.\n\n60. **Component 1.** The Component 1 analysis is based on these channels of impact for each investment category.\n\n\na. _Road rehabilitation investments:_ Climate-resilient road investments will enable increased income for local\n\nresidents, along with a reduction in traffic fatalities. The increase in income is due to better access to\neconomic opportunities, improved resilience of infrastructure, better connectivity (value of time saved),\n\n\n25 We estimate a 12 percent discount rate as the risk-adjusted opportunity cost of capital. Additional NPV estimates at other discount rates\nhave also been provided as a measure of the sensitivity of our analysis.\n\n\nPage 16\n\n\n",
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+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda\nProject Phase II (P509677)\n\n\nand reduced vehicle operating costs. For the approximately 38 kilometers of road upgrading planned under\nthis component, the analysis assumes approximately 229,383 residents in close proximity, with 10 lives\nsaved per km and a 10 percent increase in income (baseline annual income of US$331, one third of GDP per\ncapita since the project is targeting vulnerable communities). [26] With these assumptions, the NPV of these\ninvestments is estimated at US$3.2 million at a 12 percent discount rate, with an ERR of 29 percent.\nb. _Markets and ICPCs:_ Investments under sub-component 1(b) include ICPCs and markets. To account for the\n\nadditional benefits associated with these investments, the analysis assumes approximately 50,000\nbeneficiaries (a small portion of the predicted 1.4 million jobs to be generated by the National Employment\nProgram) will be able to pursue economic opportunities enabling an additional five percent income growth\nover three years from an average initial income of US$500 annually. Based on these assumptions, the NPV\nof these investments is estimated at US$8.3 million at a 12 percent discount rate, with an ERR of 30 percent.\nc. _Educational investments:_ Construction or upgrading of education facilities (primary, secondary and TVET) is\n\nexpected to result in income increases of five percent over a baseline annual income of US$249 (25 percent\nof GDP per capita) five years after the intervention. Primary education investments are associated with\nreductions in both child and maternal mortality, which would amplify this impact. However, these benefits\nare difficult to estimate and have been excluded from the analysis. [27] The NPV of these investments is\nestimated at US$712,000 at a 12 percent discount rate, with an ERR of 21 percent.\nd. _Public health investments:_ The analysis assumes approximately 50,000 people will be served by health\n\ncenters, resulting in 50 maternal lives saved per year and a 15 percent reduction in other causes of morbidity\n(baseline morbidity of 19 percent). [28] The NPV of these investments is estimated at US$1.3 million at a 12\npercent discount rate, with an ERR of 29 percent.\n\n61. _Communal WASH_ investments reduce morbidity from diarrhea and other waterborne diseases, along with\ntime and cost savings to access water. The analysis assumes the mortality rate due to unsafe water will reduce by\n10 percent (from 25 deaths per 100,000 to 22.5), along with time savings of two hours per week per beneficiary\nhousehold in accessing clean water and US$20 in annual cost savings per household (CEIC data). The NPV of these\nWASH investments is estimated at US$1.1 million at a 12 percent discount rate, with an ERR of 28 percent.\n\n62. Additional assumptions used in the analysis for this component include: (a) value of a statistical life:\nUS$2,394; [29] and (b) annual O&M costs of five percent of total investment value. [30]\n\n63. The results of the analysis for this component and the sensitivity analysis are summarized in the tables below:\n\n\n**Table 6: NPV and ERR results** **Table 7: Sensitivity Analysis**\n\n\n\n\n\n\n|NPV (12 percent discount rate)|US$17.3 million|\n|---|---|\n|
**NPV (6 percent discount rate)**|
US$37.5 million|\n|
**ERR (percent)**|
30|\n\n\n|Sensitivity condition|ERR (percent)|\n|---|---|\n|Benefits reduced by 50%|17|\n|Three-year lag in benefits|21|\n|Eight-year only impact|20|\n\n\n\n64. **Component 2.** The NPV for Component 2 is estimated at US$1.6 million, with an ERR of 18 percent. The\neconomic analysis assumes that beneficiaries of the capacity development, MG and credit guarantee scheme will\n\n\n26 Average of 13.2 reduced to 5 lives saved per km of road rehabilitation. _Burden of Road Injuries in Sub-Saharan Africa,_\n[htp://pubdocs.worldbank.org/en/356861434469785833/Road-Safety-Burden-of-Injuries-in-Africa.pdf](http://pubdocs.worldbank.org/en/356861434469785833/Road-Safety-Burden-of-Injuries-in-Africa.pdf) _._\n[27 Global Partnership for Education, htps://www.globalpartnership.org/educaton/the-benefts-of-educaton](https://www.globalpartnership.org/education/the-benefits-of-education) _._\n28 This morbidity assumption is based on proxy data used in other countries in Sub-Saharan Africa for refugee camps and host communities\n(e.g., Somalia, Zimbabwe, South Sudan, Kenya).\n29 Kip Viscusi, W., and Clayton J. Masterman. “Income Elasticities and Global Values of a Statistical Life.”\n[https://law.vanderbilt.edu/phd/faculty/w-kip-viscusi/355_Income_Elasticities_and_Global_VSL.pdf](https://law.vanderbilt.edu/phd/faculty/w-kip-viscusi/355_Income_Elasticities_and_Global_VSL.pdf)\n30 O&M costs for infrastructure vary widely. These costs include water treatment, road resurfacing, building maintenance, cleaning, energy and\nstaff costs. As such, the analysis uses a conservative assumption of five percent of the investment costs for annual O&M.\n\n\nPage 17\n\n\n",
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+ {
+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda\nProject Phase II (P509677)\n\n\nhave a lower failure rate and higher revenue growth rate than they would otherwise. This channel of impact is also\napplied to beneficiaries of PFIs supported as a result of project investments under sub-component 2a. Beneficiaries\nof capacity development support under 2a are assumed to have higher baseline failure rates of 40 percent, with a\n10 percent reduction as a result of project support (either direct or via PFIs). For sub-components 2b and c, since\nthese schemes will primarily serve existing businesses, beneficiaries are assumed to have a low failure rate of 10\npercent, with a five percent reduction as a result of the project support. [31] The analysis assumes an additional\nrevenue growth of 10 percent for beneficiaries over a baseline of three percent over three years.\n\n\n**Table 8: Component 2 Assumptions**\n\n\n\n|Col1|BDS
beneficiaries|MG scheme
- micro|MG -
small|MG -
medium|Credit
guarantee|\n|---|---|---|---|---|---|\n|**Number of beneficiaries**|1,000|3,900|90|10|100|\n|**Average annual income (US$)**|5,000|5,000|150,000|500,000|100,000|\n\n\n65. The results of sensitivity analyses for this component are summarized below:\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n**Table 9: Sensitivity analysis for matching grant scheme and credit guarantee scheme**\n\n|Sensitivity condition|ERR (percent)|\n|---|---|\n|Reduce failure rate impact by 50%|11|\n|Increase failure rate impact by 50%|21|\n|Reduce growth rate impact by 50%|6|\n|Increase growth rate impact by 50%|25|\n|Increase time when growth rate is higher by 1 year|21|\n\n\n\n66. **Component 3.** Investments in drainage, water harvesting, and septage management are expected to reduce\nflood risk and repair costs and reduce the risk of water-borne diseases. The analysis assumes the mortality rate due\nto unsafe water will reduce by 10 percent (from 25 deaths per 100,000 to 22.5). [32] The analysis also assumes that\nannual flooding-related losses and repair costs will decrease by 25 percent for household beneficiaries. [33] The NPV\nof these investments is estimated at US$57,000 at a 12 percent discount rate, with an ERR of 12 percent.\n\n**Gender**\n\n67. **Building on the gender assessment conducted during the Phase I MTR, Phase II will address the gender**\n**gaps outlined in Table 10 below.** The project results framework will also track gender data. The key gaps identified\nin the MTR assessment are: (a) fewer women access loans from financial institutions to start their own businesses;\n(b) fewer women are starting businesses due to time poverty and capacity gaps; and (c) fewer women are in\nemployment than men. Social gender norms and household dynamics play a critical role in causing these gaps.\nAccording to a 2022 study by Access to Finance Rwanda, deeply ingrained societal expectations shape how women\nparticipate in economic life and influence their capacity to leverage assets—particularly land and property—as\ncollateral. _[34]_ One pervasive norm is that women should prioritize family and caregiving responsibilities over business\nactivities. This norm restricts their time and engagement in income-generating pursuits and weakens their\nperceived legitimacy as entrepreneurs, reducing their chances of qualifying for credit. Additionally, women are\noften expected to rely on family support, especially from spouses, instead of seeking independent financial\nsolutions, distancing them from formal financial institutions and financial products.\n\n\n31 Baseline failure rates by segment are extremely difficult to assess. As such, the analysis uses conservative assumptions based on extensive\ndiscussions with key stakeholders and potential beneficiaries. These assumptions have been tested for sensitivity.\n32 CEIC data\n33 In the absence of available survey data, the analysis uses proxies for these losses and repair costs from survey data from neighboring\nBurundi. Based on this data, annual flooding losses amount to ~US$89 per household and repair costs amount to US$25.60 per household.\n34 [Gendered Social Norms Diagnostic and their Impact on Women’s Financial Inclusion in Rwanda, 2022, Access to Finance Rwanda](https://afr.rw/downloads/gendered-social-norms-diagnostic-and-their-impact-on-womens-financial-inclusion-in-rwanda/)\n\n\nPage 18\n\n\n",
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+ "start": 152,
+ "end": 153
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+ "text": "gender assessment",
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+ "text": "2022 study",
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+ "end": 640
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+ "text": "Access to Finance Rwanda",
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+ "text": "CEIC data",
+ "confidence": 0.9515594244003296,
+ "start": 793,
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+ "description": null,
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+ "start": 801,
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+ "pages": [
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+ {
+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda\nProject Phase II (P509677)\n\n\n**Table 10: Gender gaps, actions and indicators**\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n|Gender gaps|Gender targeted actions|Indicators|\n|---|---|---|\n|**Gender Result Chain 1. Improving women’s access to finance**|**Gender Result Chain 1. Improving women’s access to finance**|**Gender Result Chain 1. Improving women’s access to finance**|\n|Fewer women access loans to start their own
businesses, and they also tend to access smaller
loans than men.35 This is because: (a) lack of
collateral is a major constraint for women
compared to men in Rwanda.;36 (b) women lack
awareness of how to access financing; (c) very
few MFIs signed on as Jya Mbere PFIs in Phase I
of the project, limiting opportunities to expand
financial services to women who are unable to
borrow from a commercial bank.37|Increase target for female beneficiaries for
matching grant to 50% (Phase I 37%).
Introduce credit guarantee scheme to
address collateral issue: target 60% of
beneficiaries to be female.
Introduce graduation scheme to strengthen
access to finance, among others (60% female
beneficiaries).
Improve access to basic services and
connectivity to reduce time poverty.
Increase capacity-building for MFIs.|Percentage of women
who receive matching
grant (50%).
Percentage of women
who access partial credit
guarantee scheme (60%).
Percentage of female-
headed households
benefiting from
graduation support (60%)|\n|**Gender Result Chain 2. Enhancing women’s entrepreneurship capabilities**|**Gender Result Chain 2. Enhancing women’s entrepreneurship capabilities**|**Gender Result Chain 2. Enhancing women’s entrepreneurship capabilities**|\n|The entrepreneurship gap is significant in
Rwanda. Fewer women start and develop
businesses compared to men, particularly in
rural areas: 30 percent owned a business in 2020
compared to 70 percent for men.38 Women lack
access to business advisory support.
|Strategically assign BDAs to mentor and coach
women entrepreneurs and support their loan
applications and market linkages.
60% of capacity-building beneficiaries to be
female entrepreneurs.
Set targets for women to be trained as BDAs.
Construct childcare facilities.|Percentage of women
who access capacity-
building support through
the project (60%).
Number of female BDAs
trained.|\n|**Gender Result Chain 3. Increasing female labor force participation**|**Gender Result Chain 3. Increasing female labor force participation**|**Gender Result Chain 3. Increasing female labor force participation**|\n|Female labor force participation in Rwanda in Q3
2024 was 56 percent, compared to 74 percent
for men.39 Due to heavy household work
commitments, women have little time to engage
in productive work or professional development
opportunities.40
Most work opportunities in RHDs are located far
from refugee camps. This makes it challenging to
access jobs, especially for women from refugee
camps and some host communities, who cannot
afford to undertake long journeys.|Targets for women on capacity-building
(including mentorship) for essential
workforce skills, such as applying for jobs and
creating linkages to job opportunities (as part
of sub-component 2a).
Road upgrading to reduce travel times to
economic centers and support the
introduction of affordable public transport.
Set targets for labor on Jya Mbere II-financed
construction sites for female workers.|Percentage of women
employed as laborers
(components 1 and 3)
and in businesses
supported under
component 2.|\n\n\n\n68. **Household power dynamics reinforce gender gaps.** In many cases, even when women are named co-owners\nof land or property, they lack autonomy to make decisions about its use—particularly for securing loans. Spousal\nor male family member approval is often required to use such assets as collateral, stripping women of economic\nagency. Moreover, the social perception that men are inherently better financial managers undermines women’s\ncontrol over household and business finances, discouraging financial institutions from engaging with them as\n\n\n35 For instance, a higher proportion of female refugees (71 percent) received a grant less than FRW 500k compared to male refugees (58\npercent). Furthermore, 8 percent of male refugees received grants exceeding FRW 2.5 m. whereas no women received that amount.\n36 Rwanda Development Board (2018) _Capacity Needs Assessment Report for Women Owned/Led Businesses in Rwanda Report_ .\n37 For example, 73% of women have a transactional bank account vs. 82% of men: Access to Finance Rwanda (2024). _Rwanda Finscope 2024_ .\n38 https://genderdata.worldbank.org/en/home\n39 Republic of Rwanda (2024) _Labour Force Survey Q3 2024_ : file:///C:/Users/wb236615/Downloads/LFS%202024~Q3.pdf\n40 In Rwanda, men on average carry out 12.8 hours of productive work and 11.6 hours of household work, for a total of 24.4 hours a week.\nWomen, in contrast, carry out an average of 14.9 hours of productive work and 29.6 hours of household work per week, for a total of 44.5\nhours a week. USAID/VOICE. Gender Analysis, 2015.\n\n\nPage 19\n\n\n",
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+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda\nProject Phase II (P509677)\n\n\nprimary borrowers. These intersecting norms are especially rigid in rural areas, perpetuating women’s financial\nexclusion and limiting their ability to mobilize collateral, regardless of the legal rights they may formally possess.\n\n69. **Jya Mbere Phase II will introduce a number of new features to narrow gender gaps.** Component two\nincludes: (a) _capacity-building on business planning and financial literacy_ will target at least 60 percent women to\naddress awareness and knowledge gaps; (b) a _partial credit guarantee scheme_ to alleviate the collateral constraints\nthat disproportionately hinder women’s access to finance, particularly due to gendered patterns in asset\nownership. To ensure the scheme effectively reaches and supports female borrowers, it will incorporate targeted\noutreach strategies that focus on women entrepreneurs and informal women-led businesses. At least 60 percent\nof beneficiaries will be women-led businesses; (c) _expanded participation of MFIs_ . The limited participation of MFIs\nin Jya Mbere I likely affected women’s ability to access finance. MFIs play a critical role in reaching underserved\npopulations, particularly women, by offering more flexible lending terms, lower collateral requirements, and a\nstronger understanding of the socio-economic barriers women face in accessing finance. Expanding MFI\nparticipation in Phase II is expected to facilitate more equitable access to credit; and (d) increased percentage of\nfemale beneficiaries of the matching grants from 37 percent (Phase I) to 50 percent.\n\n70. **Climate/Paris Alignment.** The project aligns with Paris Agreement objectives for mitigation and adaptation\nand supports World Bank and GoR climate commitments. Jya Mbere II will support achievement of the objectives\nof the World Bank Climate Change Action Plan 2021-2025, particularly integrating climate and development and\nincreasing financing for adaptation, and the World Bank Action Plan on Climate Change Adaption and Resilience\n(2019), which calls for systematic mainstreaming of adaptation measures in project design and implementation.\nJya Mbere II will also align with the GoR’s National Adaptation Plan of Action (2006), Third National\nCommunications to the United Nations Climate Change Conference in 2018 and its Updated Nationally-Determined\nContributions (NDC) 2020, in which it commits to mainstream environmental sustainability and climate change\nadaptation efforts. Rwanda’s Updated NDC includes a conditional commitment to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG)\nemissions by 16 percent by 2030 relative to a business as usual (BAU) scenario, and an unconditional commitment\nto reduce GHG by an additional 22 percent by 2030 relative to the BAU scenario. The project does not hinder this\nmitigation goal by ensuring that all infrastructure subprojects will be subject to climate risk assessments and will\ncomply with climate-resilient standards. Finally, the project will support implementation of key recommendations\nfrom the 2022 Rwanda Country Climate and Development Report, such as investing in the water sector (including\nflood control and water storage), renewable energy sources and climate-smart agriculture. The results framework\nwill track the number of infrastructure subprojects constructed/upgraded to climate-resilient standards.\n\n71. _Assessment and reduction of mitigation risks_ . The project (Component 1) will invest in infrastructure,\nincluding roads, water, schools and health facilities, all of which meet the Paris Alignment criteria for mitigation.\nInfrastructure upgrading and rehabilitation will ensure that all buildings will be made energy-efficient and meet\nenergy needs with renewables where applicable, including energy-efficient lighting. Road construction will not\nexpand into areas of high carbon stocks or with high biodiversity. Matching grants under sub-component 2(b) will\nonly be issued to businesses with climate-resilient business plans, informed by climate-sensitive market\nassessments and value chain analyses. Sub-component 2(a) will provide capacity-building on climate-smart\nbusiness planning. Graduation programming under sub-component 2(d) will only support climate-sensitive\nlivelihood activities. Therefore, project activities will not hinder Rwanda’s progress towards low-carbon, climateresilient development and will support the effort to integrate climate response and development.\n\n72. _Assessment and reduction of adaptation risks_ . Project activities include the construction, rehabilitation and\nupgrading of basic service infrastructure including roads, schools, water systems, markets and health facilities\n(Component 1), economic opportunity support (Component 2) and environmental management (Component 3),\nwhich may be moderately impacted by the climate risks and extreme weather events identified in the project\nlocations. For adaptation, the project will respond to the existing climate risks in the target districts. All\n\n\nPage 20\n\n\n",
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+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda\nProject Phase II (P509677)\n\n\ninfrastructure will be designed to climate-resilient standards based on rigorous climate risk assessments, with\ncapacity-building on how to conduct these assessments (as outlined in paragraph 22). Subprojects under\nComponent 1 will be located considering flood and landslide risks. The project will also utilize renewable energy\nsources and water harvesting. Upgrading of basic services under Component 1 will expand adaptive capacity,\nincluding but not limited to the following: (a) schools will be used as evacuation shelters during flooding; (b)\nimproved water systems will ensure water quality in the event of flooding; and (c) upgraded health facilities will\nequip the health sector to respond to communicable diseases in particular vector-borne diseases, which are likely\nto be more prevalent due to the increased temperature. Component 2 will support entrepreneurs to conduct\nclimate-sensitive market assessments and value chain analyses to improve their capacity to develop climateresilient business plans. Component 3 will also expand adaptation capacity by improving drainage and water\nharvesting to better manage flooding and landslide risks. It will also enhance septage management to reduce the\nrisk of soil contamination and associated health risks in the event of flooding.\n\n73. **Citizen Engagement (CE)** . The project design builds on existing district planning mechanisms. Component 1\nsubprojects will be identified through the regular DDS process, while strengthening stakeholder engagement\nthrough additional consultations with refugees, host community members and humanitarian partners. CE will be\nmeasured through results indicators that track whether Jya Mbere II investments align with the needs and priorities\nof beneficiaries. A new feature in Phase II will be Iterative Beneficiary Monitoring (IBM), whereby a large sample of\nproject beneficiaries will be surveyed by phone to track, among other things, satisfaction with citizen engagement\nprocesses and the project as a whole. MINEMA conducted public and stakeholder consultations across the project\ntarget areas to gather feedback on the proposed activities, address concerns, and explore ideas to mitigate\npotential adverse impacts on socio-economic activities and livelihoods. The project’s stakeholder engagement plan,\nbuilt on inclusive consultations, incorporates a comprehensive grievance redress mechanism (GRM) that provides\nstakeholders with accessible channels to resolve project-related grievances and complaints promptly.\n\n\n**B. Fiduciary**\n\n\n**Financial Management (FM)**\n\n74. **An FM assessment was carried out for the project in accordance with the World Bank policy and directives**\n**on Investment Project Financing (IPF).** The assessment was carried out on the IAs – MINEMA, RTDA, BRD, BDF and\nthe six districts – during project preparation to determine whether they have acceptable FM arrangements, which\nwill ensure that: (a) funds are used for the intended purposes in an effective, efficient and economical way; (b)\nfinancial reports will be prepared in a reliable, accurate, and timely manner; and (c) project assets will be\nappropriately safeguarded.\n\n75. **Based on the assessment conducted, the FM risk is rated moderate.** Project arrangements will rely on the\nexisting public FM system at the IAs and the districts, which is adequate. The IAs have experience managing World\nBank-financed operations and have mostly complied with key FM deliverables. However, the following potential\nrisks are identified that relate to all the IAs, unless otherwise specified: (a) the Rwanda Feeder Roads Development\nProject (P126498), implemented by RTDA and Phase I of Jya Mbere under MINEMA have experienced challenges,\nincluding low budget execution, and qualified audit opinions on the achievement of value for money; (b)\ninadequate preparation of the AWPB, which could lead to errors in financial reporting and potential misallocation\nof expenditure; (c) delayed and/or poor-quality financial reporting; (d) staff capacity constraints; (e) poor planning,\nbudgeting and budget monitoring systems; (f) possible ineligible expenditure due to potential BRD non-compliance\nwith the MG manual guidelines; (g) inadequate and delayed implementation of internal and external audit\nrecommendations; and (h) lack of automated accounting system at BRD.\n\n76. **FM risk mitigating measures include** : (a) MINEMA will update the FM guidelines in the PIM; (b) BRD will\nupdate the Phase I Matching Grants Manual; (c) AWPB will be prepared with details showing activity description,\n\n\nPage 21\n\n\n",
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+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda\nProject Phase II (P509677)\n\n\ncomponent/sub-component cost category, implementing entity, and loan number, to guide expenditure allocation;\n(d) enhanced planning, budgeting and budget monitoring systems; (e) each IA will assign a dedicated project FM\nSpecialist; (f) IA teams will receive FM and disbursement training; (g) each IA will have its own DA; (h) districts will\nmaintain separate RWF bank accounts to manage funds received from MINEMA and will submit financial reports\nto MINEMA for accountability and BRD will open an operational account to facilitate local payments; (i) each IA will\nsubmit quarterly financial reports and annual audit reports to the World Bank; (j) IA internal audit units will audit\nthe project and submit reports and action plans to their Audit Committees and the World Bank, together with\nquarterly IFRs; (k) BRD will fast-track the automation of its accounting system; (l) annual external audits will be\nconducted and the Management Letters will be submitted to the World Bank within six months after the end of\nthe financial year; (m) IAs will be responsible to take timely action on audit report findings and notify the same to\nthe World Bank. With implementation of these actions, the FM assessment concludes that the current\narrangements will provide reasonable assurance that the project resources will be used for the intended purposes.\n\n**Procurement**\n\n\n77. **Procurement will be carried out in accordance with the World Bank Procurement Regulations for**\n**Borrowers under IPF**, dated July 2016, revised February 2025, sixth edition, hereafter referred to as the\n‘Procurement Regulations’. The project will be subject to the World Bank’s Anticorruption Guidelines, dated July\n2016, and beneficiary disclosure requirements. The project will use the Systematic Tracking of Exchanges in\nProcurement (STEP), a planning and tracking system that will provide data on procurement activities, establish\nbenchmarks, monitor delays, and measure procurement performance.\n\n78. **As per the requirement of the Procurement Regulations, a Project Procurement Strategy for Development**\n**(PPSD) sets out the selection methods to be followed** in the procurement of goods, works, non-consulting and\nconsulting services financed by the World Bank. The procurement arrangements are designed to align with the\nproject's development objectives, ensuring that procurement processes are efficient and effective. The strategy is\nbased on project requirements and market assessments and involves open international and national competition\nas appropriate. For open international competition, the project will utilize the World Bank’s standard procurement\ndocuments for Works, Goods, Information Systems, and Non-Consultancy Services, as well as the World Bank’s\nStandard Request for Proposals for Consultancy Services. The underlying Procurement Plan will be updated at least\nannually or as required to reflect actual project implementation needs and improvements in institutional capacity.\nThe PPSD is a live document and will be revised as necessary.\n\n79. **Rated criteria will be used for all international competitive procurements,** except for the procurement of\npharmaceuticals, vaccines, off-the-shelf goods and educational materials, commodities and other exceptions\ncleared by the World Bank’s Chief Procurement Officer on a fit-for-purpose basis, where use of Rated Criteria is\nnot mandatory. The rated criteria are also a tool for taking sustainable procurement (environmental, social,\neconomic and climate change) into consideration in the procurement processes.\n\n\n80. **Beneficial ownership disclosure.** All procurements, post or prior reviews subject to open or limited\ncompetition under this project shall apply the disclosure of beneficial ownership as per the Procurement\nRegulations, as well as the national procurement laws.\n\n81. **The procurement risk rating is moderate.** The key risks identified are: (a) potential non-compliance in the\nformation of joint ventures; (b) contract price increases due to inflation, currency instability, and interest rates; (c)\npotential delays in procurement, contract implementation, contract termination, e-Procurement issues and\nhandling of procurement-related complaints; and (d) unexpected extreme weather, potential intense rainfall,\nand/or landslides. Recommended mitigation measure are to: (a) ensure compliance of joint ventures during the\nprocurement process; (b) improve timeliness of the complaint management system and e-Procurement challenges,\n\n\nPage 22\n\n\n",
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+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda\nProject Phase II (P509677)\n\n\nincluding through consultations with the Rwanda Public Procurement Authority (RPPA); (c) strengthen internal and\nexternal audits; (d) disclose information and procurement data to the public; (e) provide for price adjustments in\ncontract documents; and (f) capacity building on the national and World Bank procurement regulations.\n\n**C. Environmental, Social and Legal Operational Policies**\n\n\n82. **The E&S risk rating for Jya Mbere Phase II is Substantial, reflecting the complexity and scale of project**\n**activities.** The key environmental risks are associated with construction, and include potential biodiversity loss, soil\nerosion, dust and noise emissions, and occupational health and safety (OHS) concerns for workers, such as\naccidents and exposure to hazardous materials. Community health and safety risks may arise from constructionrelated traffic and noise. The project’s rural locations, some of which are prone to flooding, landslides, and heavy\nrainfall, amplify these risks. Issues such as stormwater runoff and inadequate septage management are critical\nchallenges that the project seeks to address through climate-resilient infrastructure, rainwater harvesting systems,\nand improved stormwater and drainage management. Social risks include the potential loss of land holdings, assets,\nand livelihoods, leading to physical and economic displacement, as well as conflicts arising from resettlement or\nasset relocation. Additional potential challenges include insufficient stakeholder engagement, lack of effective\nGRMs, risks of social exclusion or disparities for marginalized groups, and potential Gender-Based Violence (GBV)\nor Sexual Exploitation and Abuse (SEA). Labor management challenges, including unmet employment expectations\nand labor influx also contribute to the substantial rating. For component 2, BRD and BDF will ensure compliance\nwith the ESF through their E&S Management Systems. A robust screening, monitoring, and reporting mechanism\nwill be implemented to mitigate potential E&S impacts from matching grants and credit guarantees. The project\nintegrates environmental management measures, stakeholder engagement, and social standards to ensure\nequitable benefits, minimize disruptions, and promote sustainability for both refugees and host communities.\n\n83. **The key environmental risks and impacts associated with the project are related to civil works** . The\nconstruction activities may lead to temporary disruption of ecosystems, vegetation clearance and increased\nenvironmental degradation. OHS concerns arise from construction activities, with risks of accidents and hazardous\nmaterial exposure for workers. Mitigation measures are integrated into the project, including climate-resilient\ninfrastructure, rainwater harvesting systems, and improved stormwater and drainage management to stabilize\nravines and support biodiversity conservation. These measures, alongside renewable energy and waste recycling\ninitiatives, aim to address immediate risks while ensuring long-term environmental sustainability and resilience.\n\n84. **Labor and Working Conditions (ESS2).** Given the scale of construction works, requiring a large number of\nworkers, OHS risks are likely. Labor-related risks, such as non-compliance with labor requirements by contractors,\nincluding adherence to working hours, pay and legally mandated benefits, equal and fair recruitment, and\nemployment, are also probable. To address these concerns, a Labor Management Procedures (LMP) document has\nbeen incorporated into the project’s ESMF, which is due by effectiveness. The LMP provides guidance on managing\nlabor-related risks. The final ESMF will be disclosed on the MINEMA and World Bank websites.\n\n85. **Community Health and Safety (ESS4).** Construction can generate risks to the community, including exposure\nto dust, noise, hazardous construction waste, and traffic-related incidents. These risks will be evaluated during the\npreparation of the ESMF, drawing on lessons from Phase I. Mitigation measures will be integrated into site-specific\nEnvironmental and Social Management Plans (ESMPs). The government will be required to adhere to community\nhealth and safety standards outlined in the World Bank Environmental, Health, and Safety (EHS) guidelines, as well\nas incident reporting and management procedures in the event of accidents or incidents. Measures to address the\nrisks of GBV, SEA and Sexual Harassment (SH) will also be implemented to ensure community safety.\n\n86. **Land Acquisition, Restrictions on Land Use, and Involuntary Resettlement (ESS5).** Component one activities\nare expected to result in land acquisition, restrictions on land use, and involuntary resettlement. To address the\nsocial impacts associated with land acquisition and resettlement, a Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) will be\n\n\nPage 23\n\n\n",
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+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda\nProject Phase II (P509677)\n\n\nfinalized by effectiveness, in addition to preparing site-specific Resettlement Action Plans (RAPs). Affected\ncommunities will be actively engaged through consultations in the project intervention areas during the\npreparation of site-specific RAPs. Financing for resettlement activities will be provided by the project.\n\n87. **Stakeholder Engagement and Information Disclosure (ESS10).** A Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP),\naligned with ESS10, has been prepared, outlining the process for conducting consultations and identifying relevant\nstakeholders to be engaged throughout the project lifecycle. The SEP addresses risks raised by stakeholders,\nincluding vulnerable groups, and will be updated as needed. The SEP aims to establish a systematic approach to\nstakeholder engagement, fostering constructive relationships, incorporating stakeholder input, and promoting\neffective and inclusive engagement with project-affected parties. It ensures that stakeholders receive timely, clear,\naccessible, and appropriate project information. A project-specific grievance redress and feedback mechanism will\nalso be established to enable individuals to report concerns or complaints if they feel unfairly treated or adversely\nimpacted by the project. The SEP has been disclosed on the MINEMA and World Bank websites.\n\n88. **To address these E&S risks, the applicable Environmental and Social Standards (ESSs) are** ESS1 (Assessment\nand Management of Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts), ESS2 (Labor and Working Conditions), ESS3\n(Resource Efficiency and Pollution Prevention and Management), ESS4 (Community Health and Safety), ESS5 (Land\nAcquisition, Restrictions on Land Use and Involuntary Resettlement), ESS6 (Biodiversity Conservation and\nSustainable Management of Living Natural Resources), ESS8 (Cultural Heritage), ESS9 (Financial Intermediaries),\nand ESS10 (Stakeholder Engagement and Information Disclosure).\n\n89. **To ensure compliance with the ESSs, the project will implement the following E&S instruments:**\nEnvironmental and Social Commitment Plan (ESCP), ESMF, LMP, Environmental & Social Impact Assessments\n(ESIAs), ESMPs, SEP and Environmental and Social Audits (ESAs). Measures to integrate E&S specifications in\nprocurement and to manage contractual obligations with construction companies and suppliers will also be\nenforced. Dedicated, full-time E&S specialists from the MINEMA SPIU from Phase I will oversee these activities to\nminimize risks. BRD, BDF and RTDA will each appoint their own E&S specialists to ensure compliance for the aspects\nof the project they will implement. These specialists will conduct E&S screening, oversee monitoring, and\ncoordinate with MINEMA’s E&S team to align with the broader project framework. The ESCP and SEP were cleared\nand disclosed on the World Bank website on February 13, 2025 and the MINEMA website on February 18, 2025.\n\n\n\n\n\n**Grievance Redress Services**\n\n\n90. **Grievance Redress.** Communities and individuals who believe that they are adversely affected by a project\nsupported by the World Bank may submit complaints to existing project-level grievance mechanisms or the Bank’s\nGrievance Redress Service (GRS). The GRS ensures that complaints received are promptly reviewed in order to\naddress project-related concerns. Project affected communities and individuals may submit their complaint to the\nBank’s independent Accountability Mechanism (AM). The AM houses the Inspection Panel, which determines\nwhether harm occurred, or could occur, as a result of Bank non-compliance with its policies and procedures, and\nthe Dispute Resolution Service, which provides communities and borrowers with the opportunity to address\n\n\nPage 24\n\n\n",
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+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda\nProject Phase II (P509677)\n\n\ncomplaints through dispute resolution. Complaints may be submitted to the AM at any time after concerns have\nbeen brought directly to the attention of Bank Management and after Management has been given an opportunity\nto respond. For information on how to submit complaints to the Bank’s Grievance Redress Service (GRS), visit\n[http://www.worldbank.org/GRS. For information on how to submit complaints to the Bank’s Accountability](https://www.worldbank.org/en/projects-operations/products-and-services/grievance-redress-service)\n[Mechanism, visit https://accountability.worldbank.org.](https://www.worldbank.org/en/programs/accountability)\n\n\n**V.** **KEY RISKS**\n\n\n91. **The overall risk rating is Moderate.** This will be the second phase of a project that has performed well. Phase\nII will be implemented in parallel with the last year and a half of Phase I, meaning experienced project staff will be\nin place. Government engagement on the project is strong at all levels. Rwanda is politically stable, enjoys solid\neconomic growth and has retained progressive policies with respect to refugee protection. However, Rwanda is\nlocated in a region prone to instability, which could drive additional refugee inflows. The country is also vulnerable\nto climate change. While the IAs have performed well overall under Phase I, procurement for larger civil works has\nbeen slow, affecting the disbursement rate. The design complexity has increased under Phase II, specifically for\ncomponent two. Three risks are identified as substantial, as described below.\n\n92. **Technical design of project– substantial** . While the main activities remain the same as Phase I, design\nchanges for Phase II have added to the complexity. The institutional arrangements for Phase I are already\nreasonably complex, with MINEMA, BRD and RTDA working together with the target districts. In Phase II, new subcomponents and institutions will be added to component two. BDF will join for the credit guarantee scheme. An\nimplementing partner will be contracted for sub-component 2(d). This will stretch coordination and oversight\nresponsibilities. This risk will be managed in the following ways: (a) regular coordination meetings between the\nimplementing agencies; (b) staffing at the district level will be given responsibility to oversee all component two\nactivities; and (c) additional funds will be provided to build government’s technical capacity on issues such as\nfinancial inclusion, graduation approaches and long-term development approaches to forced displacement.\n\n93. **Institutional capacity for implementation and sustainability – substantial** . Jya Mbere Phase I was MINEMA’s\nfirst experience with a development project and World Bank financing. Capacity gains have been made but gaps\nremain with respect to financial reporting, speed of completing feasibility studies, E&S screening and procurement\nof large civil works. Management of contractors to ensure timely completion and compliance with contractual\nobligations is another area of improvement. For component 2, BRD committed funds quickly, but progress was\ndelayed on communication and awareness-raising and capacity-building for entrepreneurs. Turnaround time to\nprocess pipeline proposals from PFIs has been slow. To mitigate these risks, additional capacity-building support\nwill be provided for financial reporting, large-scale procurement and contract management for the government\nSPIUs and the districts. A strategy will be developed to improve TAT, including greater autonomy for BRD.\n\n94. **Environmental and social risks – substantial** . The main E&S risks relate to: (a) civil works; (b) capacity of the\nproject IAs to screen, document and manage E&S risks effectively; and (c) challenges ensuring contractors adhere\nto E&S obligations. To mitigate these risks, the project includes capacity-building initiatives for E&S staff at the\nnational and district levels, such as targeted training, hands-on mentoring, and coaching from the World Bank.\nRobust contractual provisions for E&S compliance will be incorporated into agreements with construction\ncompanies and suppliers. Regular E&S audits will verify adherence to standards.\n\n95. **Other** . As required for all WHR-financed projects, the “other” category in the SORT matrix is the risk that the\ncountry will not maintain an adequate protection framework for refugee protection. The risk level is increasing in\nlight of major cuts to humanitarian funding. However, given Rwanda’s long-standing generosity and open-door\npolicies towards refugees, including the provision of basic rights such as freedom of movement, right to work and\naccess to education, this risk is rated Moderate.\n\n\nPage 25\n\n\n",
+ "datasets": [],
+ "document": {
+ "source": "https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099102225213540444/pdf/BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695.pdf",
+ "pages": [
+ 40
+ ]
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda Project\nPhase II (P509677)\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n|Baseline|Closing Period|\n|---|---|\n|**Improved access to basic services**|**Improved access to basic services**|\n|**Beneficiaries with improved access to social and economic infrastructure and services (Number)**|**Beneficiaries with improved access to social and economic infrastructure and services (Number)**|\n|Aug/2025|Dec/2030|\n|0|380,000|\n|➢Percentage of which refugees (Percentage)|➢Percentage of which refugees (Percentage)|\n|Aug/2025|Dec/2030|\n|0|30|\n|➢Percentage of which female (Percentage)|➢Percentage of which female (Percentage)|\n|Aug/2025|Dec/2030|\n|0|52|\n|**Improved economic opportunities**|**Improved economic opportunities**|\n|**People benefiting from actions to expand and enable economic opportunity (Number)**|**People benefiting from actions to expand and enable economic opportunity (Number)**|\n|Aug/2025|Dec/2030|\n|0|17,500|\n|➢Percentage of which refugees (Percentage)|➢Percentage of which refugees (Percentage)|\n|Aug/2025|Dec/2030|\n|0|60|\n|➢Percentage of which female (Percentage)|➢Percentage of which female (Percentage)|\n|Aug/2025|Dec/2030|\n|0|57|\n|**Improved environmental management in the target areas**|**Improved environmental management in the target areas**|\n|**People benefitting from enhanced resilience of terrestrial and aquatic systems (Number of people)CRI**|**People benefitting from enhanced resilience of terrestrial and aquatic systems (Number of people)CRI**|\n|Aug/2025|Dec/2030|\n|0|115,000|\n|➢People benefitting from enhanced resilience of terrestrial and aquatic systems - Female (Number of people)CRI|➢People benefitting from enhanced resilience of terrestrial and aquatic systems - Female (Number of people)CRI|\n\n\n\nPage 26\n\n\n",
+ "datasets": [],
+ "document": {
+ "source": "https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099102225213540444/pdf/BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695.pdf",
+ "pages": [
+ 41
+ ]
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda Project\nPhase II (P509677)\n\n\n|Aug/2025|Dec/2030|\n|---|---|\n|0|60,000|\n|➢People benefitting from enhanced resilience of terrestrial and aquatic systems - Youth (Number of people)CRI|➢People benefitting from enhanced resilience of terrestrial and aquatic systems - Youth (Number of people)CRI|\n|Aug/2025|Dec/2030|\n|0|32,500|\n|➢People benefitting from enhanced resilience of terrestrial and aquatic systems - refugees (Number)|➢People benefitting from enhanced resilience of terrestrial and aquatic systems - refugees (Number)|\n|Aug/2025|Dec/2030|\n|0|100,000|\n\n\n\n\n\n\n|Baseline|Closing Period|\n|---|---|\n|**Access to Services & Socio-economic Investments**|**Access to Services & Socio-economic Investments**|\n|**Climate-resilient infrastructure subprojects for basic services (education, health, water and sanitation) completed in refugee hosting districts (Number)**|**Climate-resilient infrastructure subprojects for basic services (education, health, water and sanitation) completed in refugee hosting districts (Number)**|\n|Jul/2025|Dec/2030|\n|0|46|\n|**Proportion of beneficiaries indicating satisfaction with infrastructure subprojects constructed or upgraded by the project (Percentage)**|**Proportion of beneficiaries indicating satisfaction with infrastructure subprojects constructed or upgraded by the project (Percentage)**|\n|Jul/2025|Dec/2030|\n|0|80|\n|**Kilometers of road upgraded (Kilometers)**|**Kilometers of road upgraded (Kilometers)**|\n|Jul/2025|Dec/2030|\n|0|38|\n|**Market facilities and Integrated Craft Production Centers constructed or upgraded (Number)**|**Market facilities and Integrated Craft Production Centers constructed or upgraded (Number)**|\n|Jul/2025|Dec/2030|\n|0|4|\n|**Economic Opportunity & Self-reliance**|**Economic Opportunity & Self-reliance**|\n|**Businesses and cooperatives that receive capacity building support and that are operational 1 year after intervention (Percentage)**|**Businesses and cooperatives that receive capacity building support and that are operational 1 year after intervention (Percentage)**|\n|Aug/2025|Dec/2030|\n|0|70|\n|**Financial institutions that receive capacity building and are providing financial services to refugees (Number)**|**Financial institutions that receive capacity building and are providing financial services to refugees (Number)**|\n|Aug/2025|Dec/2030|\n\n\n\nPage 27\n\n\n",
+ "datasets": [],
+ "document": {
+ "source": "https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099102225213540444/pdf/BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695.pdf",
+ "pages": [
+ 42
+ ]
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda Project\nPhase II (P509677)\n\n\n|0|15|\n|---|---|\n|**Micro-finance institutions and Savings and Credit Cooperatives that become project participating financial institutions (Number)**|**Micro-finance institutions and Savings and Credit Cooperatives that become project participating financial institutions (Number)**|\n|Aug/2025|Dec/2030|\n|0|15|\n|**Matching grants issued to business in low-carbon industries (Number)**|**Matching grants issued to business in low-carbon industries (Number)**|\n|Aug/2025|Dec/2030|\n|0|4,500|\n|➢Percentage of which are provided to women-led businesses (Percentage)|➢Percentage of which are provided to women-led businesses (Percentage)|\n|Aug/2025|Dec/2030|\n|0|50|\n|**Beneficiaries of partial credit guarantee scheme that are still operational one year after intervention (Percentage)**|**Beneficiaries of partial credit guarantee scheme that are still operational one year after intervention (Percentage)**|\n|Aug/2025|Dec/2030|\n|0|80|\n|**Beneficiaries of matching grant that are still operational one year after intervention (Percentage)**|**Beneficiaries of matching grant that are still operational one year after intervention (Percentage)**|\n|Aug/2025|Dec/2030|\n|0|80|\n|**Households benefiting from graduation programming (Number)**|**Households benefiting from graduation programming (Number)**|\n|Aug/2025|Dec/2030|\n|0|2,500|\n|➢Percentage of which are female-headed households (Percentage)|➢Percentage of which are female-headed households (Percentage)|\n|Aug/2025|Dec/2030|\n|0|60|\n|**Businesses that benefit from partial credit guarantee scheme (Number)**|**Businesses that benefit from partial credit guarantee scheme (Number)**|\n|Aug/2025|Dec/2030|\n|0|3,000|\n|➢Percentage of which are women-led businesses (Percentage)|➢Percentage of which are women-led businesses (Percentage)|\n|Aug/2025|Dec/2030|\n|0|60|\n|**Volume of additional credit facilitated by the partial credit guarantee scheme (Amount(USD))**|**Volume of additional credit facilitated by the partial credit guarantee scheme (Amount(USD))**|\n|Aug/2025|Dec/2030|\n|0|2,000,000|\n|**Environmental Management & Climate Resilience**|**Environmental Management & Climate Resilience**|\n\n\n\nPage 28\n\n\n",
+ "datasets": [],
+ "document": {
+ "source": "https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099102225213540444/pdf/BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695.pdf",
+ "pages": [
+ 43
+ ]
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda Project\nPhase II (P509677)\n\n\n|Landscapes under enhanced conservation and/or sustainable management (terrestrial and inland water areas) (Hectare(Ha)) CRI|Col2|\n|---|---|\n|Aug/2025|Dec/2030|\n|0|360|\n|**Climate resilience subprojects to support drainage and septage management completed (Number) (Number)**|**Climate resilience subprojects to support drainage and septage management completed (Number) (Number)**|\n|Aug/2025|Dec/2030|\n|0|110|\n|**Project Management, M&E and Capacity-Building**|**Project Management, M&E and Capacity-Building**|\n|**Grievances registered related to the delivery of project benefits that are addressed (Percentage)**|**Grievances registered related to the delivery of project benefits that are addressed (Percentage)**|\n|Aug/2025|Dec/2030|\n|0|90|\n|**Beneficiaries that feel project investments reflect their needs (Percentage)**|**Beneficiaries that feel project investments reflect their needs (Percentage)**|\n|Aug/2025|Dec/2030|\n|0|80|\n|**Increase in social cohesion score between refugees and host community members (Percentage)**|**Increase in social cohesion score between refugees and host community members (Percentage)**|\n|Aug/2025|Dec/2030|\n|0|5|\n|**Contingent Emergency Response Component (CERC)**|**Contingent Emergency Response Component (CERC)**|\n\n\n\nPage 29\n\n\n",
+ "datasets": [],
+ "document": {
+ "source": "https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099102225213540444/pdf/BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695.pdf",
+ "pages": [
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+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities\nin Rwanda Project Phase II (P509677)\n\n\n**Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators by PDO Outcomes**\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n|Improved access to basic services|Col2|\n|---|---|\n|**Beneficiaries with improved access to social and economic infrastructure and services (Number)**|**Beneficiaries with improved access to social and economic infrastructure and services (Number)**|\n|Description|Quantitative indicator counting number of beneficiaries provided with improved access to services and
economic opportunties. This covers all beneficiaires for components 1 and 2. The data is then
disaggregated by gender and by status (refugee/host community).|\n|Frequency|Quarterly|\n|Data source|Project MIS|\n|Methodology for
Data Collection|Monitoring project implementation. MIS database with population statistics for project sites. Data
collected by MINEMA for refugee and host community populations in host districts (camp and non-camp
residents). Beneficiary numbers should be included in detailed feasibility studies for each subproject.|\n|Responsibility for
Data Collection|MINEMA, supported by districts.|\n|**Improved economic opportunities**|**Improved economic opportunities**|\n|**People benefiting from actions to expand and enable economic opportunity (Number)**|**People benefiting from actions to expand and enable economic opportunity (Number)**|\n|Description|Quantitative indicator counting number of beneficiaries benefiting from activities under component 2,
including capacity-building, matching grant, credit guarantee scheme and graduation programming (this
counts HH beneficiaries x 4, being the average HH size in the refugee camps). The data is then disaggregated
by gender and by status (refugee/host community).|\n|Frequency|Quarterly|\n|Data source|Project MIS|\n|Methodology for
Data Collection|Monitoring project implementation, MIS database. Data collected by BRD, MINEMA and BDF.|\n|Responsibility for
Data Collection|MINEMA, BRD, BDF|\n|**Improved environmental management in the target areas**|**Improved environmental management in the target areas**|\n|**People benefitting from enhanced resilience of terrestrial and aquatic systems (Number of people)**|**People benefitting from enhanced resilience of terrestrial and aquatic systems (Number of people)**|\n|Description|Quantitative indicator counting number of beneficiaries in the catchment area where environmental
management activities under component 3 have been implemented. Data is disaggregated by gender,
youth (16-30 years, in line with GoR guidelines) and status (refugee/host community member). The youth
target of 26% is based on the youth population in the five RHDs 2022 census). The beneficiary number
includes the camp-based refugee population and people living in the villages surrounding the five camps.|\n|Frequency|Quarterly|\n|Data source|Project MIS|\n|Methodology for
Data Collection|Monitoring project implementation. MIS database with population statistics for project sites cross-
tabulated with hectarage benefiting from improved terrestrial and aquatic systems.|\n|Responsibility for
Data Collection|MINEMA|\n\n\n\n**Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators by Components**\n\n|Access to Services and Socio-economic Investments|Col2|\n|---|---|\n|**Climate-resilient infrastructure subprojects for basic services (education, health, water and sanitation) completed in refugee**
**hosting districts (Number)**|**Climate-resilient infrastructure subprojects for basic services (education, health, water and sanitation) completed in refugee**
**hosting districts (Number)**|\n|Description|Quantitative indicator counting number of infrastructure subprojects completed in refugee hosting
districts. Data is disaggregated by type of sub-project (education, health, water and sanitation). Climate
resilience is defined by compliance with GoR standards.|\n|Frequency|Quarterly|\n|Data source|Project MIS and Project Progress Reports.|\n|Methodology for Data
Collection|Monitoring project implementation.|\n|Responsibility for Data
Collection|MINEMA|\n\n\n\nPage 30\n\n\n",
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+ "text": "PDO Indicators",
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+ "start": 15,
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+ "start": 188,
+ "end": 193
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+ "is_used": "False",
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+ "dataset_name": {
+ "text": "project implementation. MIS database",
+ "confidence": 0.5402339696884155,
+ "start": 168,
+ "end": 173
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+ "confidence": 0.5229064226150513,
+ "start": 174,
+ "end": 176
+ },
+ "acronym": null,
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+ "confidence": 0.941724956035614,
+ "start": 186,
+ "end": 187
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+ "text": "refugee and host community populations",
+ "confidence": 0.9113267660140991,
+ "start": 188,
+ "end": 193
+ },
+ "is_used": "False",
+ "usage_context": "supporting"
+ },
+ {
+ "dataset_name": {
+ "text": "Quantitative indicator",
+ "confidence": 0.8088558316230774,
+ "start": 293,
+ "end": 295
+ },
+ "dataset_tag": "descriptive",
+ "description": {
+ "text": "counting number of beneficiaries benefiting from activities",
+ "confidence": 0.776644229888916,
+ "start": 295,
+ "end": 302
+ },
+ "data_type": null,
+ "acronym": null,
+ "author": {
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+ "confidence": 0.6346812844276428,
+ "start": 186,
+ "end": 187
+ },
+ "producer": null,
+ "geography": {
+ "text": "refugee camps",
+ "confidence": 0.867053210735321,
+ "start": 339,
+ "end": 341
+ },
+ "publication_year": null,
+ "reference_year": null,
+ "reference_population": null,
+ "is_used": "False",
+ "usage_context": "supporting"
+ },
+ {
+ "dataset_name": {
+ "text": "MIS database",
+ "confidence": 0.883517324924469,
+ "start": 389,
+ "end": 391
+ },
+ "dataset_tag": "descriptive",
+ "description": null,
+ "data_type": null,
+ "acronym": null,
+ "author": {
+ "text": "BRD",
+ "confidence": 0.7947360277175903,
+ "start": 395,
+ "end": 396
+ },
+ "producer": null,
+ "geography": {
+ "text": "refugee camps",
+ "confidence": 0.8634209036827087,
+ "start": 339,
+ "end": 341
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+ "publication_year": null,
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+ "reference_population": null,
+ "is_used": "False",
+ "usage_context": "supporting"
+ },
+ {
+ "dataset_name": {
+ "text": "Quantitative indicator",
+ "confidence": 0.5130559802055359,
+ "start": 486,
+ "end": 488
+ },
+ "dataset_tag": "descriptive",
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+ "text": "counting number of beneficiaries",
+ "confidence": 0.5282753705978394,
+ "start": 488,
+ "end": 492
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+ "data_type": null,
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+ "confidence": 0.6149692535400391,
+ "start": 411,
+ "end": 412
+ },
+ "producer": null,
+ "geography": {
+ "text": "catchment area",
+ "confidence": 0.6814363598823547,
+ "start": 494,
+ "end": 496
+ },
+ "publication_year": null,
+ "reference_year": null,
+ "reference_population": null,
+ "is_used": "False",
+ "usage_context": "supporting"
+ },
+ {
+ "dataset_name": {
+ "text": "RHDs 2022 census",
+ "confidence": 0.9226070642471313,
+ "start": 558,
+ "end": 561
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+ "dataset_tag": "named",
+ "description": null,
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+ "acronym": null,
+ "author": null,
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+ "geography": {
+ "text": "catchment area",
+ "confidence": 0.5125209093093872,
+ "start": 494,
+ "end": 496
+ },
+ "publication_year": {
+ "text": "2022",
+ "confidence": 0.9953705668449402,
+ "start": 559,
+ "end": 560
+ },
+ "reference_year": {
+ "text": "2022",
+ "confidence": 0.8604037761688232,
+ "start": 559,
+ "end": 560
+ },
+ "reference_population": {
+ "text": "youth population",
+ "confidence": 0.7902880907058716,
+ "start": 553,
+ "end": 555
+ },
+ "is_used": "False",
+ "usage_context": "supporting"
+ },
+ {
+ "dataset_name": {
+ "text": "MIS database",
+ "confidence": 0.9815443754196167,
+ "start": 611,
+ "end": 613
+ },
+ "dataset_tag": "descriptive",
+ "description": null,
+ "data_type": {
+ "text": "population statistics",
+ "confidence": 0.6499502658843994,
+ "start": 614,
+ "end": 616
+ },
+ "acronym": null,
+ "author": {
+ "text": "MINEMA",
+ "confidence": 0.8139325976371765,
+ "start": 645,
+ "end": 646
+ },
+ "producer": null,
+ "geography": null,
+ "publication_year": null,
+ "reference_year": null,
+ "reference_population": {
+ "text": "project sites",
+ "confidence": 0.9031419157981873,
+ "start": 617,
+ "end": 619
+ },
+ "is_used": "False",
+ "usage_context": "supporting"
+ },
+ {
+ "dataset_name": {
+ "text": "Climate-resilient infrastructure subprojects",
+ "confidence": 0.5113236308097839,
+ "start": 683,
+ "end": 686
+ },
+ "dataset_tag": "non-dataset",
+ "description": null,
+ "data_type": null,
+ "acronym": null,
+ "author": null,
+ "producer": null,
+ "geography": {
+ "text": "refugee",
+ "confidence": 0.5793188810348511,
+ "start": 763,
+ "end": 764
+ },
+ "publication_year": null,
+ "reference_year": null,
+ "reference_population": null,
+ "is_used": "False",
+ "usage_context": "background"
+ },
+ {
+ "dataset_name": {
+ "text": "Project MIS and Project Progress Reports",
+ "confidence": 0.8837762475013733,
+ "start": 810,
+ "end": 816
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+ "dataset_tag": "descriptive",
+ "description": null,
+ "data_type": null,
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+ "reference_population": null,
+ "is_used": "False",
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+ }
+ ],
+ "document": {
+ "source": "https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099102225213540444/pdf/BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695.pdf",
+ "pages": [
+ 45
+ ]
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities\nin Rwanda Project Phase II (P509677)\n\n|Proportion of beneficiaries indicating satisfaction with infrastructure subprojects constructed or upgraded by the project
(Percentage)|Col2|\n|---|---|\n|Description|Quantitative indicator counting proportion of beneficiaries indicating satisfaction with infrastructure
subprojects constructed or upgraded by the project. Indictor is a composite of beneficiaries responding
“satisfied” or “very satisfied” on a Likert scale.|\n|Frequency|Annual.|\n|Data source|Annual survey.|\n|Methodology for Data
Collection|Survey.|\n|Responsibility for Data
Collection|MINEMA.|\n|**Kilometers of road upgraded (Kilometers)**|**Kilometers of road upgraded (Kilometers)**|\n|Description|Quantitative indicator counting kilometers of roads upgraded (completed).|\n|Frequency|Quarterly|\n|Data source|Project MIS and Project Progress Reports.|\n|Methodology for Data
Collection|Monitoring project implementation. RTDA data fed to MINEMA.|\n|Responsibility for Data
Collection|RTDA and MINEMA.|\n|**Market facilities and Integrated Craft Production Centers constructed or upgraded (Number)**|**Market facilities and Integrated Craft Production Centers constructed or upgraded (Number)**|\n|Description|Quantitative indicator counting number of market facilities and ICPCs constructed or upgraded
(completed).|\n|Frequency|Quarterly|\n|Data source|Project MIS and Project Progress Reports.|\n|Methodology for Data
Collection|Monitoring project implementation.|\n|Responsibility for Data
Collection|MINEMA.|\n|**Economic Opportunity & Self-reliance **|**Economic Opportunity & Self-reliance **|\n|**Businesses and cooperatives that receive capacity building support and that are operational 1 year after intervention**
**(Percentage)**|**Businesses and cooperatives that receive capacity building support and that are operational 1 year after intervention**
**(Percentage)**|\n|Description|Quantitative indicator counting percentage of businesses and cooperatives that receive capacity-
building support under sub-component 2(a) that are still operational one year after the capacity
building has been completed.|\n|Frequency|Quarterly|\n|Data source|Project MIS and Project Progress Reports.|\n|Methodology for Data
Collection|Monitoring project implementation. BRD data fed to MINEMA.|\n|Responsibility for Data
Collection|BRD and MINEMA.|\n|**Financial institutions that receive capacity building and are providing financial services to refugees (Number)**|**Financial institutions that receive capacity building and are providing financial services to refugees (Number)**|\n|Description|Quantitative indicator counting number of instituitons that receive capcity building and that are
providing financial services to refugees.|\n|Frequency|Quarterly|\n|Data source|Project MIS and Project Progress Reports.|\n|Methodology for Data
Collection|Monitoring project implementation including reporting from beneficiary insitutitons. BRD data fed to
MINEMA.|\n|Responsibility for Data
Collection|BRD, BDF and MINEMA.|\n|**Micro-finance institutions and Savings and Credit Cooperatives that become project participating financial institutions**
**(Number)**|**Micro-finance institutions and Savings and Credit Cooperatives that become project participating financial institutions**
**(Number)**|\n|Description|Quantitative indicator counting number of MFIs and SACCOs that become project participating
financial instutions.|\n|Frequency|Quarterly.|\n\n\n\nPage 31\n\n\n",
+ "datasets": [
+ {
+ "dataset_name": {
+ "text": "Annual survey",
+ "confidence": 0.8353956341743469,
+ "start": 113,
+ "end": 115
+ },
+ "dataset_tag": "descriptive",
+ "description": null,
+ "data_type": {
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+ "confidence": 0.5584701299667358,
+ "start": 114,
+ "end": 115
+ },
+ "acronym": null,
+ "author": null,
+ "producer": null,
+ "geography": {
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+ "confidence": 0.9205396175384521,
+ "start": 15,
+ "end": 16
+ },
+ "publication_year": null,
+ "reference_year": null,
+ "reference_population": {
+ "text": "beneficiaries",
+ "confidence": 0.8680955767631531,
+ "start": 25,
+ "end": 26
+ },
+ "is_used": "False",
+ "usage_context": "supporting"
+ },
+ {
+ "dataset_name": {
+ "text": "Project MIS and Project Progress Reports",
+ "confidence": 0.9762468338012695,
+ "start": 190,
+ "end": 196
+ },
+ "dataset_tag": "descriptive",
+ "description": null,
+ "data_type": null,
+ "acronym": null,
+ "author": {
+ "text": "MINEMA",
+ "confidence": 0.728061854839325,
+ "start": 215,
+ "end": 216
+ },
+ "producer": null,
+ "geography": null,
+ "publication_year": null,
+ "reference_year": null,
+ "reference_population": null,
+ "is_used": "False",
+ "usage_context": "supporting"
+ },
+ {
+ "dataset_name": {
+ "text": "Project MIS and Project Progress Reports",
+ "confidence": 0.9687715172767639,
+ "start": 301,
+ "end": 307
+ },
+ "dataset_tag": "descriptive",
+ "description": null,
+ "data_type": null,
+ "acronym": null,
+ "author": {
+ "text": "MINEMA",
+ "confidence": 0.852824330329895,
+ "start": 332,
+ "end": 333
+ },
+ "producer": null,
+ "geography": null,
+ "publication_year": null,
+ "reference_year": null,
+ "reference_population": {
+ "text": "Businesses and cooperatives",
+ "confidence": 0.9861243963241577,
+ "start": 357,
+ "end": 360
+ },
+ "is_used": "False",
+ "usage_context": "supporting"
+ },
+ {
+ "dataset_name": {
+ "text": "Project MIS and Project Progress Reports",
+ "confidence": 0.9660128355026245,
+ "start": 470,
+ "end": 476
+ },
+ "dataset_tag": "descriptive",
+ "description": null,
+ "data_type": null,
+ "acronym": null,
+ "author": {
+ "text": "MINEMA",
+ "confidence": 0.7955356240272522,
+ "start": 495,
+ "end": 496
+ },
+ "producer": null,
+ "geography": null,
+ "publication_year": null,
+ "reference_year": null,
+ "reference_population": {
+ "text": "Financial institutions",
+ "confidence": 0.5387141108512878,
+ "start": 515,
+ "end": 517
+ },
+ "is_used": "False",
+ "usage_context": "supporting"
+ },
+ {
+ "dataset_name": {
+ "text": "BRD data",
+ "confidence": 0.6848135590553284,
+ "start": 491,
+ "end": 493
+ },
+ "dataset_tag": "descriptive",
+ "description": null,
+ "data_type": null,
+ "acronym": null,
+ "author": {
+ "text": "MINEMA",
+ "confidence": 0.8385574817657471,
+ "start": 332,
+ "end": 333
+ },
+ "producer": null,
+ "geography": null,
+ "publication_year": null,
+ "reference_year": null,
+ "reference_population": {
+ "text": "Businesses and cooperatives",
+ "confidence": 0.9635129570960999,
+ "start": 357,
+ "end": 360
+ },
+ "is_used": "False",
+ "usage_context": "supporting"
+ },
+ {
+ "dataset_name": {
+ "text": "BRD data",
+ "confidence": 0.9824476838111877,
+ "start": 616,
+ "end": 618
+ },
+ "dataset_tag": "descriptive",
+ "description": null,
+ "data_type": null,
+ "acronym": null,
+ "author": {
+ "text": "MINEMA",
+ "confidence": 0.8513777852058411,
+ "start": 623,
+ "end": 624
+ },
+ "producer": null,
+ "geography": null,
+ "publication_year": null,
+ "reference_year": null,
+ "reference_population": null,
+ "is_used": "False",
+ "usage_context": "supporting"
+ },
+ {
+ "dataset_name": {
+ "text": "Quantitative indicator",
+ "confidence": 0.6868758201599121,
+ "start": 702,
+ "end": 704
+ },
+ "dataset_tag": "descriptive",
+ "description": null,
+ "data_type": null,
+ "acronym": null,
+ "author": {
+ "text": "MINEMA",
+ "confidence": 0.5470510721206665,
+ "start": 623,
+ "end": 624
+ },
+ "producer": null,
+ "geography": null,
+ "publication_year": null,
+ "reference_year": null,
+ "reference_population": {
+ "text": "MFIs and SACCOs",
+ "confidence": 0.6320368647575378,
+ "start": 707,
+ "end": 710
+ },
+ "is_used": "False",
+ "usage_context": "supporting"
+ }
+ ],
+ "document": {
+ "source": "https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099102225213540444/pdf/BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695.pdf",
+ "pages": [
+ 46
+ ]
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities\nin Rwanda Project Phase II (P509677)\n\n|Data source|Project MIS and Project Progress Reports.|\n|---|---|\n|Methodology for Data
Collection|Monitoring project implementation including reporting from beneficiary insitutitons. BRD data fed to
MINEMA|\n|Responsibility for Data
Collection|BRD and MINEMA.|\n|**Matching grants issued to businesses in low-carbon industries (Number)**|**Matching grants issued to businesses in low-carbon industries (Number)**|\n|Description|Quantitative indicator counting number of matching grants made to businesses in low carbon
industries. The low carbon industries will be identified in the Project Implementation Manual.|\n|Frequency|Quarterly.|\n|Data source|Project MIS and Project Progress Reports.|\n|Methodology for Data
Collection|Monitoring project implementation including reporting from beneficiary insitutitons. BRD data fed to
MINEMA.|\n|Responsibility for Data
Collection|BRD and MINEMA.|\n|**Beneficiaries of partial credit guarantee scheme that are still operational one year after intervention (Percentage)**|**Beneficiaries of partial credit guarantee scheme that are still operational one year after intervention (Percentage)**|\n|Description|Quantitative indicator counting number of beneficiaires of the credit guarantee scheme that are
operational 1 year after the intervention.|\n|Frequency|Quarterly|\n|Data source|Project MIS and Project Progress Reports.|\n|Methodology for Data
Collection|Monitoring project implementation including reporting from beneficiaries. BDF data fed to MINEMA.|\n|Responsibility for Data
Collection|BDF and MINEMA|\n|**Beneficiaries of matching grant that are still operational one year after intervention (Percentage)**|**Beneficiaries of matching grant that are still operational one year after intervention (Percentage)**|\n|Description|Quantitative indicator counting number of beneficiaires that received matching grants and that are
operational 1 year after the intervention.|\n|Frequency|Quarterly|\n|Data source|Project MIS and Project Progress Reports.|\n|Methodology for Data
Collection|Monitoring project implementation including reporting from beneficiaries. BRD data fed to MINEMA.|\n|Responsibility for Data
Collection|BRD and MINEMA.|\n|**Households benefiting from graduation programming (Number)**|**Households benefiting from graduation programming (Number)**|\n|Description|Quantitative indicator counting number of households that benefit from graduation programming.|\n|Frequency|Quarterly|\n|Data source|Project MIS and Project Progress Reports.|\n|Methodology for Data
Collection|Monitoring project implementation.|\n|Responsibility for Data
Collection|MINEMA.|\n|**Businesses that benefit from partial credit guarantee scheme (Number)**|**Businesses that benefit from partial credit guarantee scheme (Number)**|\n|Description|Quantitative indicator counting number of businesses that benefit from the BDF partial credit guarantee
scheme.|\n|Frequency|Quarterly|\n|Data source|Project MIS and Project Progress Reports.|\n|Methodology for Data
Collection|Monitoring project implementation including reporting from beneficiaries. BDF data fed to MINEMA.|\n|Responsibility for Data
Collection|BDF and MINEMA|\n|**Volume of additional credit facilitated by the partial credit guarantee scheme (Amount(USD))**|**Volume of additional credit facilitated by the partial credit guarantee scheme (Amount(USD))**|\n|Description|Quantitative indicator counting private capital enabled through PFIs under the BDF partial credit
guarantee scheme. This is calculated based on an average loan size of US$700 x 3,000 beneficiairies, for
an approxiate target of US$2 million.|\n|Frequency|Quarterly|\n\n\n\nPage 32\n\n\n",
+ "datasets": [
+ {
+ "dataset_name": {
+ "text": "Project MIS and Project Progress Reports",
+ "confidence": 0.960182785987854,
+ "start": 26,
+ "end": 32
+ },
+ "dataset_tag": "descriptive",
+ "description": {
+ "text": "Monitoring project implementation including reporting from beneficiary insitutitons",
+ "confidence": 0.5795595645904541,
+ "start": 52,
+ "end": 60
+ },
+ "data_type": null,
+ "acronym": null,
+ "author": {
+ "text": "MINEMA",
+ "confidence": 0.5044681429862976,
+ "start": 81,
+ "end": 82
+ },
+ "producer": null,
+ "geography": {
+ "text": "Rwanda",
+ "confidence": 0.9544642567634583,
+ "start": 15,
+ "end": 16
+ },
+ "publication_year": null,
+ "reference_year": null,
+ "reference_population": {
+ "text": "Refugees & Host Communities",
+ "confidence": 0.7830790877342224,
+ "start": 10,
+ "end": 14
+ },
+ "is_used": "False",
+ "usage_context": "supporting"
+ },
+ {
+ "dataset_name": {
+ "text": "Project MIS and Project Progress Reports",
+ "confidence": 0.9649056792259216,
+ "start": 162,
+ "end": 168
+ },
+ "dataset_tag": "descriptive",
+ "description": null,
+ "data_type": null,
+ "acronym": null,
+ "author": {
+ "text": "MINEMA",
+ "confidence": 0.7799098491668701,
+ "start": 195,
+ "end": 196
+ },
+ "producer": null,
+ "geography": null,
+ "publication_year": null,
+ "reference_year": null,
+ "reference_population": {
+ "text": "beneficiaires",
+ "confidence": 0.5873883366584778,
+ "start": 265,
+ "end": 266
+ },
+ "is_used": "False",
+ "usage_context": "supporting"
+ },
+ {
+ "dataset_name": {
+ "text": "Project MIS and Project Progress Reports",
+ "confidence": 0.505797803401947,
+ "start": 293,
+ "end": 299
+ },
+ "dataset_tag": "descriptive",
+ "description": null,
+ "data_type": null,
+ "acronym": null,
+ "author": {
+ "text": "MINEMA",
+ "confidence": 0.7256309390068054,
+ "start": 195,
+ "end": 196
+ },
+ "producer": null,
+ "geography": null,
+ "publication_year": null,
+ "reference_year": null,
+ "reference_population": {
+ "text": "Beneficiaries",
+ "confidence": 0.6867277026176453,
+ "start": 215,
+ "end": 216
+ },
+ "is_used": "False",
+ "usage_context": "supporting"
+ },
+ {
+ "dataset_name": {
+ "text": "Project MIS and Project Progress Reports",
+ "confidence": 0.5115293860435486,
+ "start": 415,
+ "end": 421
+ },
+ "dataset_tag": "descriptive",
+ "description": null,
+ "data_type": null,
+ "acronym": null,
+ "author": {
+ "text": "MINEMA",
+ "confidence": 0.6604418158531189,
+ "start": 322,
+ "end": 323
+ },
+ "producer": null,
+ "geography": null,
+ "publication_year": null,
+ "reference_year": null,
+ "reference_population": {
+ "text": "Households",
+ "confidence": 0.8140879273414612,
+ "start": 464,
+ "end": 465
+ },
+ "is_used": "False",
+ "usage_context": "supporting"
+ },
+ {
+ "dataset_name": {
+ "text": "Project MIS and Project Progress Reports",
+ "confidence": 0.9079744815826416,
+ "start": 513,
+ "end": 519
+ },
+ "dataset_tag": "descriptive",
+ "description": null,
+ "data_type": null,
+ "acronym": null,
+ "author": {
+ "text": "MINEMA",
+ "confidence": 0.506673276424408,
+ "start": 458,
+ "end": 459
+ },
+ "producer": null,
+ "geography": null,
+ "publication_year": null,
+ "reference_year": null,
+ "reference_population": {
+ "text": "Households",
+ "confidence": 0.5770624876022339,
+ "start": 477,
+ "end": 478
+ },
+ "is_used": "False",
+ "usage_context": "supporting"
+ },
+ {
+ "dataset_name": {
+ "text": "Project MIS and Project Progress Reports",
+ "confidence": 0.5735869407653809,
+ "start": 612,
+ "end": 618
+ },
+ "dataset_tag": "descriptive",
+ "description": null,
+ "data_type": null,
+ "acronym": null,
+ "author": {
+ "text": "MINEMA",
+ "confidence": 0.846880316734314,
+ "start": 641,
+ "end": 642
+ },
+ "producer": null,
+ "geography": {
+ "text": "US",
+ "confidence": 0.5083404779434204,
+ "start": 734,
+ "end": 735
+ },
+ "publication_year": null,
+ "reference_year": null,
+ "reference_population": {
+ "text": "beneficiaries",
+ "confidence": 0.7594804167747498,
+ "start": 635,
+ "end": 636
+ },
+ "is_used": "False",
+ "usage_context": "supporting"
+ }
+ ],
+ "document": {
+ "source": "https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099102225213540444/pdf/BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695.pdf",
+ "pages": [
+ 47
+ ]
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities\nin Rwanda Project Phase II (P509677)\n\n|Data source|BDF records on beneficiaries and loan amounts.|\n|---|---|\n|Methodology for Data
Collection|Accessed from loan applications to PFIs.|\n|Responsibility for Data
Collection|BDF & MINEMA consolidates.|\n|**Environmental Management & Climate Resilience**|**Environmental Management & Climate Resilience**|\n|**Landscapes under enhanced conservation and/or sustainable management (terrestrial and inland water areas) (Hectare(Ha))**|**Landscapes under enhanced conservation and/or sustainable management (terrestrial and inland water areas) (Hectare(Ha))**|\n|Description|Quantitative indicator counting number of hectares (total area) of terrestrial and inland water areas
enhanced by the interventions under component 3.|\n|Frequency|Quarterly|\n|Data source|Project MIS and Project Progress Reports.|\n|Methodology for Data
Collection|Monitoring project implementation. Hectarage mapped to include area of direct activity
implementation (site of works) and area benefiting from the works (such as water catchment area).|\n|Responsibility for Data
Collection|MINEMA.|\n|**Climate resilience subprojects completed (Number)**|**Climate resilience subprojects completed (Number)**|\n|Description|Quantitative indicator conting the number of climate resilience subprojects completed under
component 3. Covers water harvesting tanks, drainage systems and septage tank access ways.|\n|Frequency|Quarterly|\n|Data source|Project MIS and Project Progress Reports.|\n|Methodology for Data
Collection|Monitoring project implementation.|\n|Responsibility for Data
Collection|MINEMA.|\n|**Project Management, M&E, Capacity-Building, Research and Learning **|**Project Management, M&E, Capacity-Building, Research and Learning **|\n|**Grievances registered related to the delivery of project benefits that are addressed**|**Grievances registered related to the delivery of project benefits that are addressed**|\n|Description|Quantitative indicator counting number of grievances registered and addressed.|\n|Frequency|Quarterly|\n|Data source|MINEMA, BRD, RTDA & BDF grievance redress mechanisms.|\n|Methodology for Data
Collection|Monitoring of grievances through the GRMs.|\n|Responsibility for Data
Collection|MINEMA, BRD, RTDA & BDF. MINEMA consolidates data for regular reporting.|\n|**Beneficiaries that feel project investments reflect their needs (Percentage) **|**Beneficiaries that feel project investments reflect their needs (Percentage) **|\n|Description|Quantitative indicator counting proportion of beneficiaries indicating that project investments reflect
their needs. Indictor is a composite of beneficiaries responding to a Likert scale or similar instrument.|\n|Frequency|Annual.|\n|Data source|Annual survey.|\n|Methodology for Data
Collection|Survey.|\n|Responsibility for Data
Collection|MINEMA.|\n|**Increase in social cohesion score between refugees and host community members (Percentage)**|**Increase in social cohesion score between refugees and host community members (Percentage)**|\n|Description|Composite first-order indicator composed of data from responses to questions gauging changes in
horizontal and vertical social chesion in beneficiary communities.|\n|Frequency|Annual.|\n|Data source|Annual survey.|\n|Methodology for Data
Collection|Survey|\n|Responsibility for Data
Collection|MINEMA.|\n\n\n\nPage 33\n\n\n",
+ "datasets": [
+ {
+ "dataset_name": {
+ "text": "BDF records",
+ "confidence": 0.6568711400032043,
+ "start": 26,
+ "end": 28
+ },
+ "dataset_tag": "descriptive",
+ "description": null,
+ "data_type": null,
+ "acronym": null,
+ "author": {
+ "text": "BDF & MINEMA",
+ "confidence": 0.6057288646697998,
+ "start": 70,
+ "end": 73
+ },
+ "producer": null,
+ "geography": {
+ "text": "Rwanda",
+ "confidence": 0.9706341028213501,
+ "start": 15,
+ "end": 16
+ },
+ "publication_year": null,
+ "reference_year": null,
+ "reference_population": {
+ "text": "Refugees & Host Communities",
+ "confidence": 0.534184455871582,
+ "start": 10,
+ "end": 14
+ },
+ "is_used": "False",
+ "usage_context": "supporting"
+ },
+ {
+ "dataset_name": {
+ "text": "Project MIS and Project Progress Reports",
+ "confidence": 0.8365696668624878,
+ "start": 192,
+ "end": 198
+ },
+ "dataset_tag": "descriptive",
+ "description": null,
+ "data_type": null,
+ "acronym": null,
+ "author": null,
+ "producer": null,
+ "geography": {
+ "text": "terrestrial and inland water areas",
+ "confidence": 0.7871849536895752,
+ "start": 110,
+ "end": 115
+ },
+ "publication_year": null,
+ "reference_year": null,
+ "reference_population": null,
+ "is_used": "False",
+ "usage_context": "background"
+ },
+ {
+ "dataset_name": {
+ "text": "Project MIS and Project Progress Reports",
+ "confidence": 0.8423024415969849,
+ "start": 325,
+ "end": 331
+ },
+ "dataset_tag": "descriptive",
+ "description": null,
+ "data_type": null,
+ "acronym": null,
+ "author": null,
+ "producer": null,
+ "geography": null,
+ "publication_year": null,
+ "reference_year": null,
+ "reference_population": null,
+ "is_used": "False",
+ "usage_context": "supporting"
+ },
+ {
+ "dataset_name": {
+ "text": "Annual survey",
+ "confidence": 0.5062573552131653,
+ "start": 585,
+ "end": 587
+ },
+ "dataset_tag": "descriptive",
+ "description": null,
+ "data_type": null,
+ "acronym": null,
+ "author": {
+ "text": "MINEMA",
+ "confidence": 0.6753873229026794,
+ "start": 452,
+ "end": 453
+ },
+ "producer": null,
+ "geography": null,
+ "publication_year": null,
+ "reference_year": null,
+ "reference_population": {
+ "text": "Beneficiaries",
+ "confidence": 0.8956184983253479,
+ "start": 509,
+ "end": 510
+ },
+ "is_used": "False",
+ "usage_context": "supporting"
+ },
+ {
+ "dataset_name": {
+ "text": "Composite first-order indicator",
+ "confidence": 0.5993307828903198,
+ "start": 655,
+ "end": 658
+ },
+ "dataset_tag": "descriptive",
+ "description": null,
+ "data_type": {
+ "text": "survey",
+ "confidence": 0.5041993260383606,
+ "start": 692,
+ "end": 693
+ },
+ "acronym": null,
+ "author": null,
+ "producer": null,
+ "geography": null,
+ "publication_year": null,
+ "reference_year": null,
+ "reference_population": {
+ "text": "beneficiary communities",
+ "confidence": 0.889259397983551,
+ "start": 677,
+ "end": 679
+ },
+ "is_used": "False",
+ "usage_context": "supporting"
+ }
+ ],
+ "document": {
+ "source": "https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099102225213540444/pdf/BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695.pdf",
+ "pages": [
+ 48
+ ]
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities\nin Rwanda Project Phase II (P509677)\n\n\n**ANNEX 2: SUMMARY OF CLIMATE ADAPTATION AND MITIGATION MEASURES FOR ROAD**\n**SUBPROJECTS**\n\n\n1. The project will utilize US$26 million to upgrade roads in Kirehe District (Mahama Camp) and Gatsibo\nDistrict (Nyabiheke Camp). Kirehe is prone to frequent rainfall deficit and droughts, whereas Gatsibo district\nhas a higher landslide risk. The project will conduct a localized climate risk assessment prior to finalizing the\ndesign of the road subprojects to ensure they adequately incorporate the mitigation and adaptation\nmeasures noted below:\n\n|Col1|Table 2.1 Climate adaptation and mitigation measures for roads subprojects|\n|---|---|\n|**Adaptation**|•
**Climate resilient design**: Road designs will align with climate-enhanced codes of the GoR and
include adaptation aspects to climate-induced weather events, such as bio-engineering
solutions (for treatment of embankment slopes, slope failure zones, dumping and quarry sites’
reinstatement and protection works), water conservation (redevelopment/enhancement of
ponds, water harvesting structures, water channeling structures to protect stream bed and
store stormwater runoff, energy dissipation techniques), provision of sub-surface drainage, and
borrow area development. The project will reconstruct several new structures in lieu of the
current deficient/dilapidated/narrow structures as part of the measures towards climate
resilience. Flexible all-weather pavement surfaces with appropriate mix designs which perform
better in the Project area, reducing the requirement for maintenance which, in turn, reduces
the usage of material by having a more resilient pavement surface.
•
**Using roads for water management**: Particularly for Kirehe district, balancing ponds may be of
use for villages to store water to be used for irrigation during dry season. This will be one of the
measures to protect vulnerable livelihoods from adverse effects of droughts and rainfall
deficits.
•
**Preventing erosion**: Erosion is expected due to increased rainfall, particularly in Gatsibo district.
Retaining walls, gabions, rip-rap, grass sodding and groynes will be applied to protect the road
and its drainage system.
•
**Raising the road level**: The road surface level will be raised to an elevation higher than
expected flood level to reduce the risk of damage and to maintain road accessibility during
flood events. This is particularly relevant for Gatsibo district. Road design standards in Rwanda
stipulate sub-grade elevation to be a minimum of 0.5 m above highest flood level, in order not
to allow water to enter and submerge the substructure of the road. The determination of the
highest flood level shall apply a climate change adjustment factor to increase resilience to
climate change brought about by increased precipitation.
•
**Adjusting side slope**: Side slopes shall be adjusted from 1:1.5 to 1:2 or flatter to prevent flood
damage and erosion from road surface runoff as a result of increased precipitation and
landslide risks in Gatsibo district.
•
**Enhancing drainage**: Runoff will not be allowed to develop sufficient volume or velocity to
cause excessive wear along ditches, at culverts or along exposed running surfaces, cuts or fills.
The elevation of the bottom of the ditch shall be at least 0.2-0.3 m below the subgrade
elevation so the ditch will drain the pavement structure of the road and collect water from
surrounding areas. The ditch shall have a longitudinal slope towards an exit point, where the
water can be safely discharged. Ditches with slopes steeper than 5 percent, depending on soil
conditions, shall have erosion protection measures.|\n|**Mitigation**|•
No expansion of roads into areas of high carbon stocks or high biodiversity areas.
•
Road subprojects will support:
`o`
roads with low traffic volumes, enabling communities that currently lack all-weather
access with access.
`o`
a low-carbon transition and will be designed to enable electric mobility and provide
the necessary infrastructure for public transport, walking and cycling.|\n\n\n\nPage 34\n\n\n",
+ "datasets": [],
+ "document": {
+ "source": "https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099102225213540444/pdf/BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695.pdf",
+ "pages": [
+ 49
+ ]
+ }
+ },
+ {
+ "input_text": "**The World Bank**\nSocio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities\nin Rwanda Project Phase II (P509677)\n\n\nPage 35\n\n\n",
+ "datasets": [],
+ "document": {
+ "source": "https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099102225213540444/pdf/BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695.pdf",
+ "pages": [
+ 50
+ ]
+ }
+ }
+]
\ No newline at end of file