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8b2bd963-c517-43bc-82d6-1bd5ed9a2131 | Therapeutic indications of Laparoscopy in gynecology are all except | Vault prolapse | Septate uterus | Gamete intrafallopian transfer | None of the above | 3d | multi | All of the options are therapeutic indications of Laparoscopy. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
9c67acc7-bfc0-4db1-bb3a-016f960d3c30 | Which of the follwing patients is most likely to be treated with intravenous glucagon? | A young man who took cocaine and has a blood pressure of 190/110 mm Hg | A middle aged man with type II diabetes who has not taken his regular dose of glipizide for last 4 days | An old man with severe bradycardia and hypotension resulting from ingestion of overdose of atenolol | An old woman with lactic acidosis as a complication of severe infection and shock | 2c | single | (Ref: KDT 6/e p274) Glucagon is the antidote of b-blocker poisoning. It acts by increasing cAMP in the hea stimulation of glucagon receptors. Cyclic AMP stinulates the hea. Calcium gluconate can also be used for the treatment of b-blocker poisoning. | Anatomy | Other topics and Adverse effects |
e66b836f-18bd-4821-be55-22046bf38e66 | Clinical findings suggestive of adequacy of pelvis for vaginal delivery are all except? | Diagonal conjugate > 11.5 cm | Interspinous diameter > 8 cm | Sacrosciatic notch 2.5 - 3 finger breadths | Bituberous diameter > 8 cm | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Interspinous diameter > 8 cmClinical findings suggestive of adequacy of pelvis for vaginal delivery are:Findings indicating adequate pelvisForepelvis (pelvic brim)RoundDiagonal conjugate11.5 cmSymphysisAverage thickness, parallel to sacrumSacrumHollow, average inclinationSide wallsStraightIschial spin... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
91ba8dfb-2792-4c2d-aa58-523f9948121e | All of the following is an example of squamous metaplasia except: | Cervix in case of chronic irritation | Respiratory tract in case of smoking | Stone in bile ducts | Esophagus in gastric reflux | 3d | multi | In Barrett esophagus, in which the esophageal squamous epithelium is replaced by intestinal-like columnar cells under the influence of refluxed gastric acid. Options analysis Cervix in case of chronic irritation show squamous metaplasia The most common epithelial metaplasia is columnar to squamous as occurs in the resp... | Pathology | General Concepts |
be6d7c9b-c11a-4f96-baf7-6c8ec864859b | A farmer working in the sugar cane industry comes to you for advice on how to prevent fungal infection (bagassosis) of the lung. His elder brother was diagnosed to have bagassosis 1 month ago. You would advise him to spray the sugar cane with which of the following? | 2% formic acid | 2% acetic acid | 2% propionic acid | 10% hypochlorite solution | 2c | single | Bagassosis is caused due to thermoactinomyces sacchari. The preventive measures include dust control, personal protection using masks etc. Pre Placement medical assessment followed by periodical medical check up and spraying the bagasse with 2% propionic acid. Keeping the humidity over 20% is also helpful. Ref: Park, E... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
624eabda-fad5-4cf9-b1b6-f2de0e113108 | The ovoviviparous nematode is - | Ascaris lumbricoides | Dracunculus medinensis | Strongyloides stercoralis | Enterobius vermicularis | 2c | single | null | Microbiology | null |
f1d3e6c0-4bca-4871-8a2d-511d6388b07e | For obesity BMI should be:- | >=20 | >=40 | >=50 | >=30 | 3d | single | park25th edition pageno:-428 classification BMI RISK OF COMORBIDITIES UNDERWEIGHT <18.5 LOW NORMAL RANGE 18.5-24.99 AVERAGE OVERWEIGHT: >25.00 Pre- obese 25.00-29.99 INCREASED Obese class 1 30.00-34.99 MODERATE Obese class 2 35.00-39.99 SEVERE Obese class 3 >40.00 VERY SEVERE | Social & Preventive Medicine | Non communicable diseases |
9e2ce523-b8f5-4a0b-8b9f-7c8fc2c0269d | Alloyed form of direct gold restoration is: | Goldent | Mat gold | Electralloy | laminated gold foil | 2c | multi | null | Dental | null |
65559d27-f1a0-4efa-8b4f-809a64beeec8 | All the following are used in a patient with decreased renal function (reduced GFR) in order to avoid contrast nephropathy except | N-acetyl cysteine | Mannitol | Fenoldopam | Low osmolar contrast media (LOCM) | 1b | multi | . | Medicine | All India exam |
797d94e2-f414-44f6-ae32-dc61e2b1c172 | A chronic alcoholic develops palpitations suddenly after alcohol binge. His pulse is irregularly irregular Which of the following arrythmia is most commonly associated with alcohol binge in the alcoholics ? | Ventricular fibrillations | Vetricular premature contractions | Atrial flutter | Atrial fibrillation | 3d | single | Atrial fibrillation (AF or A-fib) is an abnormal hea rhythm characterized by rapid and irregular beating of the atrial chambers of the hea. Often it stas as brief periods of abnormal beating which become longer and possibly constant over time.Often episodes have no symptoms. Occasionally there may be hea palpitations, ... | Medicine | C.V.S |
b44a245c-1999-4d0b-9d5a-d7666b5386ef | Treatment of papillary carcinoma thyroid with level VI lymph
node metastasis is | Total thyroidectomy | Total thyroidectomy + central neck dissection | Total thyroidectomy + radioiodine ablation | Total thyroidectomy + radical neck dissection | 1b | single | IF level VI is affected then CND is done. If any other LN is involved then modified radical neck dissection is preferred. | Surgery | null |
b41511ba-0d61-4f5d-a429-7cc217893f71 | Shortest acting Mydriatic and Cycloplegic is | Atropine | Phenylephrine | Tropicamide | Homatropine | 2c | single | Shortest acting Mydriatic and Cycloplegic is Tropicamide.
Phenylephrine is only mydriatic with no cycloplegic property. | Ophthalmology | null |
2220bc6a-5a32-4218-86e5-29feede57da0 | Acute flaccid paralysis is repoed in a child aged - | 0-3 years | 0-5 years | 0-15 | 0-25 years | 2c | single | - one of the strategy for polio eradication in India is improving surveillance capable of detecting all cases of AFP due to prohibit non polio etiology. - AFP surveillance is done in all children below age of 15 years. Reference : Park's textbook of preventive and social medicine, 23rd edition, pg no:208,209 <\p> | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable diseases |
885bfbf4-5519-4ce9-8205-5762fc925230 | Which of the following does not stimulate enterogastric reflex? | Products of protein digestion in the duodenum | Duodenal distension | H+ ions bathing duodenal mucosa | Cholecystokinin | 3d | single | Enterogastric reflex: signals from the colon and small intestine to inhibit stomach motility and stomach secretion.The types of factors that are continually monitored in the duodenum and can initiate enterogastric inhibitory reflexes include the following:1. Distention of the duodenum2. The presence of any irritation o... | Physiology | General physiology |
b6f530fe-e5db-4a7e-a569-ed1d4944ee4c | Which pa of orbicularis oculi is known as Horner's muscle: | Orbital | Lacrimal | Temporal | Muller's muscle | 1b | single | Ans. Lacrimal | Ophthalmology | null |
3b6201fa-84c9-467b-a265-832bf5df87b1 | Thrombotic event is seen in all of the following, except: | Paroxysmal nocturnal hemogloninuria | Disseminated intravascular coagulation | Immune thrombocytopenic purpura | Heparin induced thrombocytopenia | 2c | multi | Primary or idiopathic ITP -Two clinical subtypes: acute and chronic. -Both are autoimmune disorders in which platelet destruction results from the formation of antiplatelet autoantibodies. -Associated with increased bleeding tendency and not thrombosis. PNH The triad of hemolysis, pancytopenia, and thrombosis is unique... | Pathology | Bleeding disorder |
0800aad7-0d48-4d81-b2e8-9d891a91048c | Maternal Rubella, in newborn causes all Except | Neural tube defects | CVS defects | Cataract | Deafness | 0a | multi | Rubella - Postnatal infectionComplications of Rubella*Rash spreads from head to torso & extremities.*Forschheimer spots-petechiae haemorrhages on the soft palate.*Rash duration -3 days.*Suboccipital adenopathy.*MC test - IgM Rubella ELISA*Post infectious thrombocytopenia.*Self-limiting small joint ahritis in adults.*Po... | Anatomy | All India exam |
2e0cf44a-6ec9-48f0-89b6-331496323052 | Eruption of temporary teeth will be completed by : | One to one and half year | Two to two and half year | Three to four years | Four to five years | 1b | single | B i.e. 2-21/2 years | Forensic Medicine | null |
48bef5bf-face-4d48-a661-dbe5d61ddea8 | Substance which binds to substrate other than catalytic enzyme is ? | Competitive inhibitor | Non-competitive inhibitor | Reversible inhibitor | None of the above | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Non-competitive inhibitor Non-competitive inhibitor In this type of inhibition no competition occurs between substrate and inhibitor. Inhibitor is structurally different from substrate and binds to enzyme at a site other than the substrate binding (catalytic) site. Occupancy of this site by the inhibi... | Biochemistry | null |
b1b311ba-3c00-42ea-8254-e95817151f7c | Most common type of monozygotic twin pregnancy at 4th-8th day of cell division | Monochorionic Monoamniotic twins with Siamese presentation | Monochorionic Monoamniotic(MO-MO) twins | Monochorionic Diamniotic twins(MO-DI) | Dichorionic Diamniotic twins (DI-DI) | 2c | single | In monozygotic twins, chorionicity depends upon time of cell division. Time of cell division Chorionicity of placenta First 72 hours post feilization(morula stage) DCDA 4-8th day(blastocyst stage) MCDA(MC type of monozygotic twins) 8-12th day MCMA >12th day Conjoined/Siamese twins, type of MCMA(fusion of embryonic disc... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Twin Pregnancy, Molar Pregnancy, Gestational Trophoblastic disease and contraception in special situations (Sour Grapes!) |
b92007f3-02cd-4d4b-bf8b-105469778ae6 | Average head circumference at bih is ? | 35 cm | 40 cm | 45 cm | 50 cm | 0a | single | O.P. Ghai 9th ed, page 14 Beginning at 34 cm at bih, the head circumference increases approximately 2 cm per month for first 3 months, 1 cm per month from 3-6 months and 0.5 cm per month for rhe rest of the first year of life. | Anatomy | General anatomy |
428da784-4c1e-4200-858c-a0ab6a8d7ba9 | Cornea melts without inflammation in which condition - | Gout | Sarcoidosis | Keratomalacia | Rheumatoid arthritis | 2c | single | Keratomalacia
It is a common condition in developing countries and is due to deficiency of vitamin A.
The condition is usually bilateral.
In keratomalacia, the cornea becomes dull and insensitive, hazy and yellow infiltrates form until finally the whole tissue undergoes necrosis and seems to melt away within a few h... | Ophthalmology | null |
de06b2f5-869c-4164-bd32-e0b7467556a3 | Select the drug which is neither analgesic, nor anti- inflammatory, nor uricosuric, but is highly efficacious in acute gout | Colchicine | Sulfinpyrazone | Naproxen | Prednisolone | 0a | single | Colchicine Colchicine is neither analgesic nor anti- inflammatory, but it specifically suppresses gouty inflammation. It does not inhibit the synthesis or promote the excretion of uric acid. Thus, it has no effect on blood uric acid levels. pathophysiology of gout:- An acute attack of gout is staed by the precipitation... | Pharmacology | Autacoids |
3b9855e8-5d2c-42fe-9beb-3b2eaa4beaf4 | The following are characteristic of tumour lysis syndrome except - | Hyperkalemia | Hypercalcemia | Hyperuricemia | Hyperphosphatemia | 1b | multi | Tumour Lysis Syndrome More common with NHL, Myeloma and acute leukaemia management Rapid tumour cell death releases intracellular contents resulting in hyperkalaemia, hyperphosphataemia, hyperuricaemia and renal failure. Prevention is with adequate hydration and Allopurinol 300-600 mg QID PO Sodium bicarbonate 50 mEq/L... | Medicine | Endocrinology |
15a3373f-f276-457d-99ed-dbec6054279f | Which of the following interactions contributes most to protein folding | Covalent Bond | Ionic interactions | Hydrophobic | Vander waal's interaction | 2c | single | Protein folding: *The number of distinct combinations of phi and psi angles specifying potential conformations of even a relatively small-- 15 kDa--polypeptide is unbelievably vast, native conformation is specified in the primary sequence. In nature, protein folding takes place in a more orderly and guided fashion.*Pro... | Biochemistry | Metabolism of protein and amino acid |
b04715f9-d7d8-4edd-aeac-09c13d0a4ca5 | Receptor of EBV is | CR1 | CR2 | CD20 | CD19 | 1b | single | EBV binds to CD21 or CR2 receptor. | Microbiology | null |
09111550-20bf-4d2d-9d20-6404f2b2e052 | Non immune hydrops is seen in? | Alpha thalassemia major | Rh incompatibility | Bilateral renal agenesis | Maternal rubella | 0a | single | Alpha thalassemia major REF: Fetology: diagnosis and management of the fetal patient by Diana W. Bianchi, Timothy Crombleholme, Mary E. D'Alton Page 893, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrops_fetalisImmune_causes Non-Immune causes of Hydrops The non-immune form of hydrops fetalis has many causes including: Iron deficien... | Pediatrics | null |
8db3d3bb-46b7-493d-a700-e342cd389ca5 | DOC in primary syphillis is – | Corticosteroid | Oral penicilline | Benzathine penicilline | Crystalline penicilline | 2c | multi | Benzathine penicillin is the drug of choice for primary, secondary, latent and tertiary syphilis (except for neurosyphilis). For neurosyphilis aqueous penicillin G is the drug of choice. | Dental | null |
ce164c11-db6f-4a13-b8c5-d45962b7662a | Lithium is not used in the treatment of which of the following | Major depression | Vascular headache | Neutropenia | Generalized anxiety disorder | 3d | single | uses of lithium is impoant it is used in several disorders like vascular headache mania depression drug induced neutropenia suicidal ideas in mania Ref.Kaplon and sadock, synopsis of psychiatry, 11 th edition, pg no. 983 | Psychiatry | Pharmacotherapy in psychiatry |
3934108c-b745-4d0c-970c-30779541fceb | About HUS all are true except : | Not commonly caused by verocytogenic E coli | Causes mild to severe Coombs positive hemolytic anemia | Recurrences rare | Transient thrombocytopenia | 1b | multi | Causes mild to severe Coombs positive hemolytic anemia Hemolytic-uremic syndrome (H.U.S.) is the most common cause of acute renal failure in young children. It is classically characterized by the triad of - Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia - Thrombocytopenia - Uremia Etiology Hemolytic uremic syndrome is preceeded by ... | Microbiology | null |
65da98cc-4798-44be-8ee6-5d548629c208 | Features of diabetic nonproliferative retinopathy are all except- | Neovascularisation | Soft exudates | Microaneurysms | IRMA | 0a | multi | Diabetic retinopathy is classified into two stages: nonproliferative and proliferative. Nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy usually appears late in the first decade or early in the second decade of the disease and is marked by retinal vascular microaneurysms, blot hemorrhages, and cotton-wool spots (soft exudate). Mi... | Medicine | Endocrinology |
aa37a2e2-a3b6-4b67-80da-d0c014d808ec | Anti tobacco day is:- | 1-Jul | 24-Mar | 31-May | 1-Dec | 2c | single | 31 may: Anti-tobacco day 1 july: doctor's day 24 march: anti TB day 1 december: World AIDS day | Social & Preventive Medicine | Health Schemes |
36143579-d330-4098-90ab-8617579fa03a | WHO Malaria Mass Drug Administration ? | API >5 | > 2 | 15 | 25 | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., >2 First you should know what does mass prophylaxis mean in malaria. o In areas with high malaria prevalence, presumptive treatment is given to all people. This is know as mass treatment. Presumptive treatment is given when API is >2 (see above explanation). | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
76c5b79d-efaa-4820-a365-ec33c2f4cff6 | Which of the following sequence is directed in a retrograde manner to EPR in COP-1 vesicles? | KDEL | KDAL | DALK | KDUL | 0a | single | KDEL sequence ( lysine - aspaate - glutamate - leucine ) at carboxy terminal first travel to GA in COP-2 vesicles, interact with their specific receptor protein. then they return in a COP-1 vesicle to EPR, get dissociate from their receptor & are retrieved. Reference: Harper; 30th edition | Biochemistry | Structure and function of protein |
bc719075-445f-4f04-a449-c433c2ea1d06 | All are been in Pancoast syndrome except | Brachial plexus involvement | Dyspnoea | Clubbing | Myasthenia gravis | 3d | multi | Pancoast tumour invades brachial plexus,sympathetic chain,upper ribs,and veebrae.Dyspnoea can occur due to loss of functioning lung tissue/the development of a large pleural effusion.Clubbing and hyperophic pulmonary osteoahropathy can also occur. Bailey & Love's sho practise of surgery,25 th edition,page no:885 | Surgery | Cardio thoracic surgery |
5e71a731-a5cb-46a7-a451-25783e003bbd | Which of the following is not a common cause of vasculitis in adults? | Giant Cell Aeritis | Polyaeritis nodosa | Kawasaki disease | Churg-Strauss syndrome | 2c | single | Kawasaki disease (mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome) is an aeritis that often involves the coronary aeries (large- to medium-sized vessel aeritis), usually in young children and infants (majority of the cases are seen in <5 years old). | Pathology | Vasculitis |
63452547-c264-400a-8965-239f1a377431 | Which of the following is the BEST indicator of ovarian reserve? | FSH | Estradiol | LH | FSH/LH ratio | 0a | single | Measurement of rise in basal FSH is an excellent indicator of ovarian aging. As women age serum FSH concentrations in the early follicular phase begins to increase due to a decline in the number of small follicles secreting inhibin. Day 3 FSH concentration greater than 20 to 25 IU/L is considered to be elevated and is ... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
b4f0b993-6a80-4730-9f7c-44462ef553c6 | As per WHO, notifiable disease is | Cholera | Malaria | Dengue | Pneumonia | 0a | single | Cholera Cholera is an acute diarrhoea disease caused by Vibrio cholera Vibrio cholera : 'Gram-negative bacterium' that produces cholera toxin (enterotoxin), which act on C-AMP system of mucosal cells of epithelium lining of the small intestine (to cause massive diarrhoea) Classic biotype El Tor biotype (serotypes: Ogaw... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable diseases |
8b0dae57-2777-488c-8d29-fbfc21b366df | Sensory nerve supply of pinna is: | Mandibular nerve | Maxillary nerve | Facial nerve | Abducent nerve | 0a | single | Auriculotemporal nerve, a branch of mandibular nerve (V3) supplies the external acoustic meatus, external surface of auricle above this, skin of temporal region and TM joint. | Anatomy | null |
cf327e20-4b17-4c75-93b4-d3600885832b | The following tendons pass under extensor retinaculum except | EXTENSOR digitorum brevis | Extensor hallucis | Tibialis anterior | Superficial peroneal nerve | 3d | multi | RETINACULA:- Around the ankle, the deep fascia is thickened to form bands called retinacula.Front of ankle- superior and inferior extensor retinaculaLateral-superior and inferior peroneal retinacula.Posteromedially- extensor retinacula. Superior extensor retinacula:- Attachments-Medially-lower pa of anterior border of ... | Anatomy | Lower limb |
3f9d4886-d8c1-4a90-b5a4-3f83d84336cd | Wernicke&;s encephalopathy in alcohol consumption can be treated with | Pyridoxine | Thiamine | Riboflavin | Niacin | 1b | single | Alcohol-Induced Amnestic Disorder: (1) Wernicke's encephalopathy, Confabulation, Ataxia, Ophthalmoplegia (gaze palsy, lateral orbital palsy)horizontal nystagmus tends to reverse rapidly with thiamine supplementation. it can be remebered with a mnemonic GOA G====Global confusion O====ophthalmoplegia A====Ataxia (2) Kors... | Psychiatry | All India exam |
d3285acd-aae9-46d7-96ad-0127cd6a3385 | Li is best used in - | MDP - Bipolar | MDP - Unipolar | MDP - rapid cycles | Depression | 0a | single | Most important indications of lithium are treatment of acute mania and prophylaxis of bipolar mood disorder, i.e. manic - depressive illness. | Psychiatry | null |
8c79dfd4-6e97-47b1-9e05-f1218cf46f99 | A young butcher cuts his forearm with a knife. Over the next week, he notices swelling, redness, and warmth at the site. Four days later, he presents to the emergency depament with fever, shaking chills and severe lower back pain. Physical examination reveals a temperature of 39.4 C (102.9 F), swelling in his forearm w... | Bacteroides fragilis | Clostridium perfringens | Escherichia coli | Staphylococcus aureus | 3d | single | This organism is a gram positive coccus organized into grape-like clusters. It produces a yellow pigment and the positive mannitol salt agar test showed that it could ferment mannitol and had a high salt tolerance. This organism is catalase positive and coagulase positive, two critical tests for the correct identificat... | Microbiology | null |
4fc04b16-b433-4177-afbe-d711acf90f0c | Theophylline levels are increased in all, except | Erythromycin | Smoking | Cimetidine | CHF | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Smoking Smoking induces theophylline metabolism and decreases its plasma level.In certain conditions theophylline concentration is increased, so its dose has to be reduced.These conditions are - Age > 60 years CHFPneumonia Liver failureDrugs causing increased concentration of theophyllineErythromycinC... | Pharmacology | Asthma |
729cce5d-95f7-4d07-b797-7219ad089f2f | Most common Glycogen storage disorder to be present in adolescents is? | Mc Ardle disease | Cori disease | Andersen disease | Von Gierke disease | 0a | single | Mc Ardle disease (Type V GSD) due to muscle phosphorylase deficiency is the most common GSD to present in adolescents & adults. | Pediatrics | Disorders of Carbohydrate Metabolism |
a5dd40d3-4e6a-46ba-aa8f-29c9eecd4174 | Retinoblastoma is | Autosomal dominant | Autosomal recessive | X - linked recessive | X- linked dominant | 0a | single | (Autosomal dominant) (280- Khurana 4th)RETINOBLASTOMA - Most common intraocular tumour of childhood and malignant melanoma of choroid in adults*** Identified as band on the long arm of chromosome 13(13ql4)* Most hereditary cases are multifocal* Inheritance is autosomal dominant and the risk of transmitting the gene mut... | Ophthalmology | Tumors |
436357a1-aac3-491e-9ebd-afc39be9da7c | Coronary blood flow to the left ventricle increases during all Except | Early systole | Myocardial hypoxia | Stimulation of sympathetic nerves of the hea | Aerial hypeension | 0a | multi | During early systole, coronary blood flow falls as coronary vessels are compressed by the contracting myocardium.A fall in PO2 has a potent vasodilator effect on coronary vessels. Adenosine released from hypoxic myocardium is also a potent vasodilator.Sympathetic stimulation increases the rate and force of contraction;... | Physiology | General physiology |
90caf5e9-2cbf-4899-8299-e66953b15780 | Treatment of choice for asymptomatic pseudocyst pancreas is? | Marsupialisation | Conservative | Drainage | Cystogastrostomy | 1b | single | ANSWER: (B) ConservativeREF: Sabiston 18th ed chapter 56Recent reports have shown that many pseudocysts eventually resolve without complications. Intervention is not mandatory in all cases unless the pseudocysts areSymptomaticEnlargingAssociated with complications.The likelihood that a pseudocyst will resolve spontaneo... | Surgery | Miscellaneous (Pancreas) |
249d0064-d3aa-4d68-bd05-c4defaf87d67 | Factor which activates prekallikrein - | Factor VIII | Factor II | Factor X | Factor XII | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Factor XIIo Initiation of intrinsic coagulation pathway occurs when factor XII is exposed to negatively charged surfaceo This leads to activation of factor XII to XIIa.o Factor XIIa can then hydrolyze prekallikrein to kallikrein, which in turn activates more XII to XIIa. | Physiology | Blood: Hemostasis and Blood Coagulation |
63894812-2c34-4be3-b892-9fca22d92fd6 | Which one of the following brain tumors is highly vascular in nature? | Glioblastoma. | Meningiomas. | C P angle epidermoid. | Pituitary adenomas. | 1b | single | Ans. B. MeningiomasA number of neoplastic lesions in the head and neck area are hypervascular, most commonly meningiomas and hemangioblastoma intra cranially and Paragangliomas and juvenile nasopharyngeal angio fibromas extra cranially. | Radiology | Nervous System |
0fa01198-e176-44f1-a9f0-bab8afac9af4 | Preferential expression of same gene depending on parent of origin is referred to as: | Genomic imprinting | Mosaicism | Anticipation | Non-penetrance | 0a | single | Genomic imprinting Phenomenon that leads to preferential expression of an allele depending on its, parental origin. Eg : Beckwith Wiedemann syndrome (have two paternal but no maternal copies of chromosome 11). Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy (sho stature, brachydactyly and PTH resistance). | Pathology | Genetics |
56d71743-d367-408e-bc30-87b1c2321151 | A 35 years old man presenting with acute pancreatitis. Ideal fluid of choice: | Isotonic crystalloid | Hypertonic crystalloid | Hypotonic crystalloid | Vasopressin | 0a | multi | Ans. a. Isotonic crystalloidRef: Harrisons Principle of Internal Medicine 19th Ed; Page No-2096Aggressive intravenous fluid resuscitation; is the most important treatment intervention for acute pancreatitis.For rest the pancreas; the patient is made NPO and to control abdominal pain narcotic analgesics given intravenou... | Medicine | Fluid & Electrolyte |
af039816-e8b2-4d94-a159-f0a4eeef4e11 | In excessive burns, least useful is - | Blood | Dextran | Ringer lactate | Nasogastric intubation | 0a | single | We know that Ringer's lactate is the preferred agent during initial 24 hrs.
Nasogastric intubation is done to decrease the risk of emesis and possible aspiration (as parlytic ileus develops in a pt. with significant burn)
Dextran is a colloid and can be used in 2nd 24 hrs., however albumin is the preferred and most wid... | Surgery | null |
31e5ee87-f9df-407d-9d0a-f6d5f142d344 | Maximum iron absorption occurs in | Duodenum | Jejunum | Ileum | Caecum | 0a | single | Iron is absorbed from upper small intestine mainly duodenum. In diet, iron occurs in two forms, haem iron and inorganic (non-haem) iron.
Haem iron is better absorbed than inorganic iron, but the major fraction of diet is inorganic iron. Inorganic iron is mostly in ferric form; needs to be reduced to ferrous form becau... | Physiology | null |
e4985e50-f60c-4e78-bc55-d4aa783699ac | Eversion occurs at the following joints - | Subtalar | Tibiotalar | Inferior tibiofibular | Ankle | 0a | single | Joints taking part in inversion and eversion of foot.
Principal joints- Subtalar, talocalcaneonavicular
Accessory joints- calcaneocuboid, talonavicular | Anatomy | null |
a36f34e9-872c-410c-88d1-f599dfbcdc98 | Which is true about Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia? | Inherited as autosomal recessive pattern | Cause is defect in PTH receptor | Clinical symptoms occur in third decade | Treatment is rarely necessary | 3d | multi | Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia is an autosomal dominant disorder. Hence choice A is wrong. The mutation in PTH receptor is known as Jansen disease. Hence choice B is wrong. The cause is defective calcium sensing by parathyroid gland leading to excess release of PTH and subsequent hypercalcemia. Urinary reabsorpti... | Medicine | Disorders of Parathyroid Gland |
6921724b-2cf7-411d-9983-e6ebdc055fea | Contraindication of rota virus vaccine is - | SC1D | Intussusception | Severe allergic raction | All of above | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., All of aboveGuide to Contraindications1 and Precautions to Commonly Used VaccinesVaccineContraindicationsPrecautionsHepatitis B (HepB)o Severe allergic reaction (e.g., anaphylaxis) after a previous dose or to a vaccine componento Moderate or severe acute illness with or without fevero Infant weighing ... | Pediatrics | Viral Infections |
ba981367-c6e1-4656-b408-c5a43fc39e8d | Lanugo hair first appears in a fetus at: UP 07 | 2nd month | 3rd month | 4th month | 5th month | 2c | single | Ans. 4th month | Forensic Medicine | null |
4403de57-9d26-421f-afd8-30f77e3ed47f | Leydig cells are derived embryologically from | Mesoderm of gonadal ridge | Endoderm of Genital tubercle | Germ cells | None of the above | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Mesoderm of gonadal ridge Testosterone producing cells, called leyding cells, develop from mesoderm of the gonadal ridge and are located between sex cords.They produce testosterone by week 8. | Anatomy | null |
771d507e-97de-483d-88e6-41e83c507842 | A young female presented with consumption of some substance in the emergency depament. Greenish blue froth was seen coming out of her nostrils and oral cavity. The poisoning is most likely due to which of the following | Arsenic poisoning | Copper poisoning | Mercury poisoning | Lead poisoning | 1b | single | Ans. b. Copper poisoning | Forensic Medicine | null |
0460b56d-7782-45e5-9c0d-2deef051f633 | In SDS-PAGE (Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis) proteins are separated on basis of: | Mass | Charge | Density | None | 0a | multi | A i.e. Mass | Biochemistry | null |
147c7014-1a91-4c8d-b4bf-ebf9dd65d7d5 | Most common cause of diarrhea in children of developing countries is: | EHEC | ETEC | EAEC | EIEC | 1b | single | ETEC Most frequent bacterial cause of diarrhea in children of developing countries. Most common cause of traveler's diarrhea. EPEC Cause infantile diarrhea (outbreaks) Rarely sporadic diarrhea in adults. | Microbiology | Systemic Bacteriology (Gram Positive Bacilli, Gram Negative Bacilli) |
6619c233-c87e-4b2e-852a-2d93b65ab07c | Secondary vesical calculus refers to stones formed due to: | Hypercalciuria | Injury | Infection | Migrating from above | 2c | multi | • Most vesical calculi are formed de novo within the bladder, but some initially may have formed within the kidneys as a dissociated Randall plaque or on a sloughed papilla and subsequently may have passed into the bladder, where additional deposition of crystals cause the stone to grow.
• Most renal stones that are sm... | Surgery | null |
2f358574-f845-4f07-8b9e-047243734a3c | Alpha agonist has all of the following actions except: September 2009 | Hypotension | Hypeension | General anesthesia | Nasal decongestant | 2c | multi | Ans. C: General Anesthesia Alpha-adrenoceptor agonists bind to alpha-receptors on vascular smooth muscle and induce smooth contraction and vasoconstriction, thus mimicking the effects of sympathetic adrenergic nerve activation to the blood vessels. Vascular smooth muscle has two types of alpha-adrenoceptors: alphal and... | Pharmacology | null |
d10447da-eefd-4163-83f2-23f41bc8ea3d | A newborn with respiratory distress with RR 86/ min, nasal flaring, audible grunting, abdomen lagged behind chest respiratory movement, no lower chest or xiphoid retraction. What is silverman's score – | 1 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 2c | single | null | Pediatrics | null |
216b722c-01cb-4032-be2e-32fbfdf9beb2 | Giant cells seen | Osteoclastoma | Chondroblastoma | Chordoma | Osteitis fibrosa cystisca | 0a | single | Giant cell tumors of bone also known as osteoclastomas are relatively common bone tumors, usually benign which are arising from metaphsis and typically extending into epiphysis of the long bones. Young adults of ages 20-40 are more prone to these conditions. In a x ray we can find soap bubble appearance . >aicles > REF... | Pathology | Breast |
e9a18738-14c1-4f3d-a9b7-415b497bc915 | Enlarged corneal nerves may be seen in all of the following except: | Keratoconus | Herpes simplex keratitis | Leprosy | Neurofibromatosis | 1b | multi | Enlarged corneal nerves not seen in Herpes simplex keratitis. Ref:Color Atlas of Ophthalmology: The Quick-Reference Manual for Diagnosis and Treatment By Amar Agarwal, Soosan Jacob, 2009, Page 191 | Ophthalmology | null |
2ce4678b-321d-43e7-ad3a-432f56d4df11 | Coverings of graffian follicle are all EXCEPT: | Theca externa | Theca interna | Germinal cells | Granulosa cells | 2c | multi | ANSWER: (C) Germinal cellsREF: Ganong s 22nd ed chapter 23Coverings of the mature or graffian follicle are (From inner to outer)Innermost the Granulosa cellsThe theca internaThe theca externa | Anatomy | Female Sex Glands |
57cf409d-f454-4be6-b829-89354b46fb2b | A conceptus material (foetus) was found by police has been brought of 4 cm length and 10 gm weight. What is the age? | 2 weeks | 4 weeks | 5 weeks | 8 weeks | 3d | single | Age of foetus is calculated by 'Rule of Haase'. The length of the foetus is measured from the crown to the heel in centimetres. During the first five months of pregnancy the square root of the length gives the approximate age of the foetus in months. During the last five months, the length in cm divided by five gives t... | Forensic Medicine | null |
a5bf372b-b113-46e2-83a3-fc97c75b23cb | All of the following are true about regional blood flow in pregnancy except : | Uterine blood flow at term is 750 ml/min | Blood flow through skin decreases | Renal blood flow increases by 50% | Pulmonary blood flow increase | 1b | multi | REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF BLOOD FLOW: Uterine blood flow is increased from 50 mL/min in non-pregnant state to about 750 mL near term. The increase is due to the combined effect of uteroplacental and fetoplacental vasodilatation. The vasodilatation is due to the smooth muscle relaxing effects of progesterone, estrogen, n... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | General obstetrics |
838ebcf5-956a-4205-bbcc-56fa7b96201e | All of the statements about quarantine are true except | It is synonymous with isolation | Absolute quarantine is restriction during the incubation period | Exclusion of children from schools is an example of modified quarantine | Quarantine should not be longer than the longest incubation period | 0a | multi | Quarantine is defined as the limitation of freedom of movement of such well persons or domestic animals exposed to communicable disease for a period of time not longer than the longest usual incubation period of the disease in such manner as to prevent effective contact with those not exposed. In contrast to isolation,... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Epidemiology |
c864154e-5705-4fb5-99f2-c1ef3b781e32 | All of the following are superficial muscles of the back, EXCEPT? | Trapezius | Erector spinae | Latissimus dorsi | Levator scapulae | 1b | multi | Trapezius, levator scapulae, rhomboid major, rhomboid minor, and latissimus dorsi constitute the superficial muscles of the back. Erector spinae, splenius, transversospinalis, and suboccipital muscles constitute the deep muscles of the back. Erector spinae muscle:Iliocostalis, longissimus, and the spinalis muscles toge... | Anatomy | null |
a99a3307-1c39-4fe5-8990-91d6001c631a | The daily recommended dose of the fluoride for the children below 3 years is | Less or equal to 0.5 mg | 0.5 to 0.7 mg | 1.0 to 1.5 mg | None of the above | 0a | multi | null | Dental | null |
c070e0ab-af56-46e8-aea1-2ada53854ac6 | ICD - 10 code in XXI includes all except | Lack of exercise | Alcoholism | Poisoning | Unhealthy found | 2c | multi | Chapter XXI includes factors influencing health status and contact with health services Ref : Park&;s textbook of preventive and social medicine; 23rd edition - page no 50 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Concept of health and disease |
48e3bfd0-de65-4387-8426-ae2a954c87c3 | In classic Barret's, the length of columnar epithelium in distal oesophagus is | >1cm | >2cm | >3cm | >4cm | 2c | single | Classic Barrett's (>= 3cm columnar epithelium);Sho-segment Barrett's (<3 cm of columnar epithelium);Cardia metaplasia (intestinal metaplasia at the oesophagogastric junction without any macroscopic change at endoscopy).The relative risk of cancer rises with increasing length of abnormal mucosa. | Surgery | G.I.T |
9456f3e1-6058-4996-80b3-5bce8d22629a | Carcinoma cervix is associated with all except : | Multipay | Herpes simplex virus | Early coitus | Diabetes mellitus | 3d | multi | Diabetes mellitus | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
a0f2ae1d-1f87-4661-a223-f29df7e0986d | Apheresis platelet donation--true is all except: | A person with below normal platelet count can donate | Person can donate again after 2 days | Person can donate 2 times maximum in a week | Not more than 24 donations can be done in 1 year | 0a | multi | Ans. A.A person with below normal platelet count can donateExplanationSpecific Eligibility Criteria for Apheresis Platelet DonorsAge: 18-60 years and Weight- 50 kg (This is not just for platelet donation but also for all blood and blood product donations in India)Donor platelet count must be > 1,50,000/dL (Option a)If ... | Medicine | Blood |
df7afaaa-5f9f-426c-91d0-4f5a67962e0e | Color of hemosiderin is? | Black | Brown | Blue | Yellow | 1b | single | Ans. (b) Brown(Ref: Robbins 9th/pg 64; 8th/pg 36-38)Hemosiderin is yellowish-brown granular pigment formed from breakdown of Hb in RE cells; composed of ferritin complex. | Pathology | Misc. (R.B.C) |
c4e3f0df-f408-41be-8f48-51f894f4b4b8 | A perception experienced in the absence of an external stimulus in clear consciousness is: | Delusion | Hallucination | Illusion | Pseudohallucination | 1b | multi | Ans. B. Hallucination3 criteria are essential for definition of hallucination:(A) Percept-like experience in the absence of an external stimulus;(B) Percept-like experience that has the full force and impact of a real perception; and(C) Percept-like experience that is unwilled, occurs spontaneously, and cannot be readi... | Psychiatry | Symptoms & Signs |
be2037e5-63be-48be-838e-ffabac01370e | Which of the following adverse effects is most likely to occur with sulfonamides ? | Neurologic effects including headache, dizziness, and lethargy | Hematuria | Fanconi's anemia | Skin reactions | 3d | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
0cd7f23b-1b26-481d-afa7-9a1763e220a9 | Therapeutic drug monitoring is used in - | Diuretic | Metformin | Levodopa | Digoxin | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Digoxin Therapeutic drug monitoring is particularly useful in following situations -1. Drugs with low safety margin -a) Digoxinb) Anticonvulsantsc) A ntiarryth micsd) Theophyllinee) Aminoglycoside antibioticsf) Lithiumg) Tricyclic antidepressants2. If individual variations are large - Antidepressants,... | Pharmacology | Pharmacodynamics |
4d59a8b5-8aa0-4977-b59b-19a504aed7d8 | Which of the following is the allosteric activator of carbamoyl phosphate synthase I? | Glutamine | Oxaloacetate | N-acetyl aspaate | N-acetyl glutamate | 3d | multi | Carbamoyl phosphate synthase I is the rate-limiting enzyme of the urea cycle Active only in the presence of N-acetylglutamate(NAG), an allosteric activator that enhances the affinity of the synthase for ATP. Arginine is the allosteric activator of NAG synthase. | Biochemistry | Urea cycle |
8c91ab4c-1d7c-44c8-a77a-6d12aefacba3 | Sistrunk's operation is used ina) Parotid tumourb) Thyroglossal fistulac) Thyroglossal cystd) Branchial fistula | c | bc | abd | cd | 1b | single | Thyroglossal Cyst Cystic swelling developed in the remnant of the thyroglossal duct or tract Present in any pa of the thyroglossal tract (extends from foramen caecum to isthmus of thyroid) Common sites Subhyoid (MC) Floor of mouth Region of thyroid cailage Suprahyoid Beneath the foramen caecum Clinical features It is a... | Anatomy | Head and neck |
f1c3475f-429c-4697-8f38-ae1ceaf399cc | An old man was brought to OP by his son telling that his father is having habit of washing his hands 'n' number of times and repetition of other daily routines as well. Characteristic of obsession are all, EXCEPT: | Repetitive behavior | Repetitive behavior | Ego dystonic | Compulsion | 1b | multi | According to the DSM-IV, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by recurrent obsessions or compulsions that are ego-dystonic and time-consuming and that interfere with normal functioning. Compulsions or compulsive behavior may result when patients engage in repetitive behavior in an attempt to reduce anxi... | Psychiatry | null |
257a5ee8-b6c6-4920-b23a-ee272608f82c | All are true about selenocystiene EXCEPT: | Considered as 21stAmino acid | Coded by UGA | Occurs in glutathione peroxidase | Made of cysteine and methionine | 3d | multi | Selenocysteine is found in approximately 25 human proteins. Enzymes which use selenocysteine at their active sites are known as Selenoproteins e.g. 1. Glutathione peroxidase 2. Thioredoxinreductase 3. Iodothyroninedeiodinase Precursor amino acid for selenocysteine is serine. (not cysteine or methionine) Coded by UGA co... | Biochemistry | Classification and metabolism of amino acids |
4d5327e7-6aad-45d7-b0e2-a19e2e2bf87e | All true about airway management in obese patient except:- | Pre oxygenation is preferred in obese patients | Positioning for laryngoscopy is these patients preferred is stacking | Awake intubation is mode of choice in morbidily obese patients | Patient with history of Obstructive Sleep Apnea are candidates for difficult airway | 2c | multi | Airway management in obese Excess fatty tissue tends to make access (intubation, tracheostomy) worse than in lean patients. Proper planning and preparation of airway management is essential: Elevation of the patient's upper body, head and neck. Preoxygenation is mandatory in morbidly obese patients and should be follow... | Anaesthesia | Intravenous Anesthetic Agents |
a2ce4a6c-644e-41de-beb6-b494b9c41bd0 | Tone decay test is done for: | Cochlear deafness | Neural deafness | Middle ear problem | Otosclerosis | 1b | single | (b) Neural deafness(Ref. Anirban Biswas, 5th ed. 56)Tone decay is a function of nerve fatigue.If the nerves are fatigued the patient stops hearing a sound given to him continuously before the completion of 1 minute.A tone decay of more than 30dB is suggestive of retrocochlear or neural deafness | ENT | General |
86ee4636-cfaf-48e3-8505-b95fa2b951d6 | Most common cause of cushings syndrome is | Pituitary adenoma | Adrenal adenoma | Ectopic ACTH | Iatrogenic steroids | 3d | single | Most common cause of Cushing's syndrome is prolonged administration of glucocorticoid harmones. | Pediatrics | null |
7bb22797-974c-46d5-be36-e8ee6a7d0aba | Which of the following oncogenes is a growth factor? | fos | myc | jun | sis | 3d | single | The 'sis' oncogene is a growth factor. The protooncogene 'sis' encodes the ( b chain of) Platelet Derived Growth Factor (PDGF). Ref: Robbin's Illustrated Pathology, 7th Edition, Pages 293, 295; Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 6th Edition, Page 13 | Pathology | null |
328226c9-ec59-4957-8300-8f58e08e2c51 | The 'heel effect' results | In low intensity X-ray beam on anode side of central ray | In high intensity beam of X-rays towards cathode | Both of them are true | None of the above are true | 2c | multi | null | Radiology | null |
46326475-f3ed-48a3-b8ac-926420a25eb8 | OVAL cells seen in stem cells of- | Skin | Cornea | Liver | Bone | 2c | single | oval cells - canal of herring of the liver limbus cells - canal of schlemm (stem cell for the cornea) epidermal stem cell in the skin bone marrow stromal stem cell - fat,cailage,bone ref robbins pathology 9th ed page 28 | Pathology | General pathology |
14704711-902e-4dd7-8084-7fd940cf59a9 | "Magical thinking" is characteristically seen in | Shizophrenia | Obsessive Compulsive Disorder | Schizotypal personality | Anxiety disorder | 2c | multi | (C) Schizotypal personality # SCHIZOTYPAL PERSONALITY DISORDER (STPD) is a personality disorder characterized by a need for social isolation, anxiety in social situations, odd behavior and thinking, and often unconventional beliefs.> Characterised by eccentric behaviour, Poor rapport, Odd beliefs or magical thinking, S... | Psychiatry | Miscellaneous |
e5e1b67f-1a7e-4d40-afdf-9c844662e438 | Creatinine kinase is elevated in MI after | 2-4hrs | 4-8hrs. | 12-24hrs | >24hrs. | 0a | single | CK-MB remains a valuable marker of myocardial injury, second only to the cardiac-specific troponins . Total CK activity is not a reliable marker of cardiac injury since various isoforms of CK are also found in brain, myocardium, and skeletal muscle. However, the CK-MB isoform--principally derived from myocardium, but a... | Pathology | Cardiovascular system |
87a303df-6a2e-404b-9678-c0e2eaf1beea | Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome is associated with the following except: | Focal Segmental glomerulosclerosis | Minimal Change Disease | Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis | Mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis | 3d | multi | Ans. D. Mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis. (Ref. Robbin's Pathology8th/pg. Table 14-2)Membranoproliferative GN (MPGN) is manifested histologically by alterations in the GBM and mesangium and by proliferation of glomerular cells. It accounts for 5% to 10% of cases of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children and ... | Pathology | Kidney |
7c9cf0b1-4114-40b4-9fce-8410b1e40fcb | True statement regarding follicular cell carcinoma of thyroid: | Hematogenous spread | Commonly multifocal | Readily diagnosed by FNAC | Most common carcinoma of thyroid | 0a | multi | (Refer: Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease, 8thedition, pg no: 1120-1124)
Histological variants of Thyroid Carcinoma | Unknown | null |
d0a542e3-5d0f-4a1d-b278-0f8e48afc6e8 | Transperitoneal approach to repair genitourinary fistula is used in all situations except | Fistula closer to ureteral orifices. | Con-comitant ureteric and vesicovaginal fistula. | Fistula located proximally in a narrow vagina. | Non-complicated small vesicovaginal fistula. | 3d | multi | Transperitoneal approach of repair is preferred in complex large fistulas. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
ebeb0624-478f-4594-9968-da2a78b87a89 | Vitamin D | Absorption requires bile pigments | Synthesis is regulated at the reaction catalyzed by 15-hydroxylase | Deficiency on adults leads to rickets | Along with PTH, increases calcium resorption from bone | 3d | single | null | Biochemistry | null |
625771fb-b4fb-436c-b66a-b24fe8311fd9 | A 22 year old man presents with history of bleeding from gums for the last 6 months. On investigation the b was found to be 8.2 gm% TLC 4400/mm, DLC N 64%, L 27%, E 3%, M 6% and platelet count of 20,000 /cu mm. Which one of the following investigation would be most useful in establishing the diagnosis - | Bleeding time and clotting time | Prothrombin time | Partial thromboplastin time | Bone marrow examination | 3d | single | null | Medicine | null |
790987c0-aba4-41b4-b021-e22743b2b94d | Pheochromocytoma with malignant potential exclusively secretes | Dopamine | Epinephrine | Metanephrine | Norepinephrine | 0a | single | null | Surgery | null |
ac24c246-0769-45e4-bfea-1b097a2a58ca | All the following statements about lobular carcinoma of breast are true EXCEPT: | Easily detectable in mammography | 30% bilateral | Lobectomy is less preferred | Difficult to detect in mammography. | 0a | multi | Ans) a (Easily...) Ref: Sabiston 18th ed, 17th ed p890, Robbins 7th ed p 1144Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) may be found by mammography, However, ILCdoes not always show up well on a mammogram because of the cells' tendency to grow in a single-file line, rather than form a mass. If mammogram does find invasive lobula... | Surgery | Breast Cancer - Types and Staging |
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