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4d1ea437-263d-4cd9-ac81-b26a8208fc4a | Indications of amnioinfusion includes all of the following, except ? | Prolonged rupture of membranes with oligohydramnios | Variable decelerations | Treatment of late declerations during labour | In decreasing risk of meconium aspiration during labour in patients with thick meconium | 2c | multi | Transvaginal amnioinfusion has been extended into three clinical areas (1) treatment of variable or prolonged decelerations, (2) prophylaxis for women with oligohydramnios, as with prolonged ruptured membranes, and (3) attempts to dilute or wash out thick meconium It was concluded that amnioinfusion appeared to be usef... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Obstetrics |
d2f32a18-5fc9-4aff-9a3d-38196247bec0 | Nootropic drug | Rivastigmine | Tacrine | Amantadine | Piracetam | 3d | single | Ans. d (Piracetam). (Ref. KD Tripathi, Pharmacology, 4th ed., 481)CEREBROACTIVE DRUGS (COGNITION ENHANCERS)1NootropicPiracetam2Metabolic enhancerDihydrergotaxine,Nicergoline,Piribedil3Cholinergic activatorTacrine4Vasoactive cerebral protectorsPyritinol, Ginko biloba.Educational Points:DRUGUsed in Rx of:Newer cholineste... | Pharmacology | C.N.S |
4385f0de-0d91-4c8a-84eb-2c39f04ff980 | Best mode of contraception for a newly married lady with rheumatic heart disease: | Oral pills | Norplant | IUCD | Condom | 3d | single | Barrier contraceptives (diaphragm/condom) are the ideal contraceptives for patients with medical complications such as heart disease.
“The primary advantage of the diaphragm is the almost total absence of risks and medical contraindications.”
Combined oral contraceptive pills are contraindicated in a woman with cardia... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
8ca683a1-8f8b-4857-a396-96502c8f5232 | Which of the following is the preferred mode of contraception recommended during lactation: | IUCD | DMPA | Progesterone only pills | OCP | 2c | single | Medical eligibility criteria (MEC) categories for contraceptive eligibility: 1. A condition for which there is no restriction for the use of the contraceptive method. 2. A condition where the advantages of using the method generally outweigh the theoretical or proven risks. 3. A condition where the theoretical or prove... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Puerperium |
83e269c7-0494-455f-8a53-1316080f9d43 | Total Skin Electron Irradiation is used for the treatment of – | Mycosis Fungoides | Psoriasis | Sezary Syndrome | Brain Metastasis | 0a | single | Total Skin Electron Radiation is used primary in patients with Mycosis Fungoides. | Dental | null |
2edd50f7-fcf5-4ac8-92dc-8f11dd4c6c71 | Normal PCWP with pulmonary oedema is seen in - | Left atrial myxoma | High altitude | Pulmonary vein obstruction | Pulmonary aery obstruction | 1b | single | HIGH ALTITUDE PULMONARY EDEMA : Though it remains a topic of intense investigation, multiple studies and reviews over the last several years have helped to elucidate the proposed mechanism of HAPE. The inciting factor of HAPE is the decrease in paial pressure of aerial ).The resultant ) secondary to ) with over-distent... | Medicine | C.V.S |
29cb801e-62ab-4b74-b5f9-e17c7ddbf4b1 | HLA 27 antigen is associated with all of the following disease except - | Ankylosing spondylitis | Reiter's syndrome | Psoriatic arthorpathy | Rheumatoid arthritis | 3d | multi | null | Medicine | null |
ceb3213f-a05b-4607-83e4-9959319a79b2 | In PT test, the addition of Ca2+ & tissue thromboplastin activates which pathway? | Extrinsic | Intrinsic | Fibrinolytic | Common | 0a | single | Ans. (a) ExtrinsicTo PT we add of Ca2+ & tissue thromboplastin which activates extrinsic pathway, while to test for aPTT we add kaolin, silica which activates intrinsic pathway. | Pathology | Bleeding Disorders |
c74ffa4d-5f9b-4fac-a259-d69c04996d86 | Chinese letter arrangement is seen in: March 2009 & 2011 | M.tuberculosis | Corynebnacterium diphtheria | Chlamydia trachomatis | M. leprae | 1b | single | Ans. B: Corynebnacterium diphtheria Nonpathogens that resemble Corynebacterium diptheriae in appearance are termed "diptheroids". The arrangement of the bacteria provide a clue to distinguish the pathogen Corynebacterium diptheriae from the nonpathogenic diptheroids. C. diptheriae bacteria form 90 degree angles to one ... | Microbiology | null |
84155350-ace5-49f3-be01-bcb8f1a91729 | Mechanism of action of Pemetrexed is:- | RNA synthesis inhibitor | Dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor | Dopamine agonist | Topoisomerase inhibitor | 1b | single | Dihydrofolate reductase Inhibitors Methotrexate Pralatrexate Pemetrexed PEMETREXED - used in mesothelioma D: Topoisomerase introduces negative coil's and aids in replication IRINOTECAN - topoisomerase Inhibitor | Pharmacology | FMGE 2017 |
3bfcca38-4513-4eb3-9521-dc89a3a0264c | Dermal leishmaniasis is caused by all except - | L. tropica | L. major | L.aethiopica | None of the above | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e.None of the above All of the mentioned options cause Dermal leishmaniasis o L. donovani is tha causative agent of dermal leishmaniasis(Post Kala Azar Dermal Leishmaniasis or PKDL). Other three cause cutaneous leishmaniasis. Leishmaniasis, causative agents o L. tropica and L. infantum - Anthroponotic Cut... | Unknown | null |
2cfc333b-8186-478b-bb0c-0e9eda6cb70a | Hypothyroidism in pregnancy is least likely associated with | PIH | Recurrent aboions | Polyhydramnios | Preterm labour | 2c | single | Ove or symptomatic hypothyroidism is repoed to complicate between 2 and 10 pregnancies per 1000. Clinical/ ove hypothyroidism is confirmed when an abnormally high serum TSH level is accompanied by an abnormally low thyroxine level. Most common cause is Hashimoto thyroiditis Subclinical hypothyroidism is defined by an e... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Medical Illness Complicating Pregnancy |
25596c3f-b333-4fc6-8d84-18781ad48661 | When using low-flow circle absorber techniques, the uptake of nitrous oxide must be considered. In a healthy 70 kg adult the expected uptake of nitrous oxide, with a 70% inspired concentration, after 1.5 hours would be about | 1000 ml.min-1 | 500 ml.min-1 | 250 ml.min-1 | 100 ml.min-1 | 3d | single | uptake of N2O (in mls/min) is equal to 1000 divided by the square root of the time elapsed (in mins) * the time elapsed is 100 minutes. * the square root of this is 10 * 1000 divided by 10 is 100 so the N2O uptake at 100 mins into the case would be about 100mls/min. | Anaesthesia | Preoperative assessment and monitoring in anaesthesia |
ac205865-a876-4165-b8a3-4913a9201ec7 | Adenoidectomy with grommet inseion is treatment of choice for | Serous otitis media in children | Serous otitis media in adults | Adenoiditis in children | All of the above | 0a | multi | Common cause of serous otitis media in children is growth of adenoid; hence treatment aims at removal of cause (adenoidectomy) and drainage of middle ear by grommet. Serous otitis media in adults should arouse suspicion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and hence the treatment aims at removal of carcinoma Adenoiditis is an a... | ENT | null |
351d8b90-d0d4-404f-b6bb-fffa5033f5f5 | All of the following are true about Alcoholic hallucinosis except | Seen after 12 - 24 hours of alcohol cessation | Auditory hallucinations are commonly seen | Disturbance of consciousness is present | All are true | 2c | multi | Disturbance of consciousness like irrelevant talking is seen in Delirium tremens, not alcoholic hallucinosis. | Psychiatry | null |
2acc9fec-ce26-4095-a86e-968cc291c8ed | Which of the following is a histological feature of Whipple's disease - | Infiltration of histocytes in the lamina propria | Granuloma in the lamina | Macrophages with PAS (+) material inside the lamina propria | Eosinophils in the lamina propria | 2c | single | null | Medicine | null |
6852082e-50a9-4290-9183-c7c9eb83368c | All the following are related to legal responsibility of an insane person except: | Mc Naughten's rule | Durham's rule | Curren's rule | Rule of nine | 2c | multi | D i.e. Rule of nine | Forensic Medicine | null |
4d35917e-70c0-49d3-8b8d-2dc2f5542789 | Following is true about oculocardiac reflex except ? | It is also called aschner phenomenon | It is mediated by occulomotor and vagus nerve | It is characterized by bradycardia following traction on extra-ocular muscles | Reflex is more sensitive in neonates | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., It is mediated by occulomotor and vagus nerve Oculocardiac reflex Oculocardiac reflex, is also known as Aschner phenomenon, Aschner reflex, or Aschner-Dagnini reflex, o It is characterized by decrease in pulse rate (bradycardia) associated with traction applied to extraocular muscles and/or compressio... | Ophthalmology | null |
0e6633e5-75ab-493d-a897-4755319599af | High inguinal orchidectomy specimen showed teratoma testis with involvement of epididymis; stage is | T1 | T2 | T3 | T4b | 0a | single | T0- No evidence of tumour. Tis- Carcinoma in situ T1- Tumour limited to testis and epididymis. Vascular/ lymphatic invasion not present. Tumor may invade tunica albuginea but not tunica vaginalis. T2- Tumour limited to testis and epididymis with vascular/ lymphatic invasion. Or tumor extends through the tunica albugine... | Surgery | Urology |
f9b73e70-e83f-489f-abf9-53845b79e1f4 | Asymptomatic infant with, Wo TB exposure, He is 3 month old and had taken 3 months of chemoprophylaxis, what is to be done next ? | Test sputum and then decide | Continue for 3 months | Tuberculin test then decide | Immunise with BCG & stop prophylasix | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Continue for 3 month (WHO & RNTCP guideline) A child born to mother who was diagnosed to have TB in pregnancy should receive prophylaxis for 6 months, provi ded congenital TB has been ruled out. BCG vaccination can be delayed even if INH chemoprophylaxis is planned | Pediatrics | null |
faf135e5-68d8-4ae8-af85-78eb9fa42aa3 | Hyperuricemia in von Gierke disease is due to the deficiency of the following enzyme: | Defect in hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase | Glucose-6-phosphatase | Xanthine oxidase | Adenosine deaminase | 1b | single | Purine overproduction and hyperuricemia in von Gierke disease (glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency) occurs secondary to enhanced generation of the PRPP precursor ribose 5-phosphate. The Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, an overproduction hyperuricemia characterized by frequent episodes of uric acid lithiasis and a bizarre syndrome of... | Biochemistry | null |
2c97bb3d-610a-4444-9939-f29000e347d8 | A baby on examination shows unilateral moro's reflex with positive palmar grasp reflex. The site of lesion is : | C3 - C4 | C5 - C6 | C8 - C1 | C1 - C2 | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' C5-C6 Moro's reflex is a neonatal reflex which develops by 28th wk of gestation and disappears by 12 wks of age.Moro reflex is obtained by placing the infant in semi-upright position, then the head is momentarily allowed to fall backward with immediate re-support by the examiner's hand.The child symmetrical... | Pediatrics | Nervous System Disorders |
5d128159-fee7-4690-a9bd-0a526ddd28bd | If there is a Gs alpha subunit gain–of–function mutation,this results in: | Decreased cAMP | Decreased IP3 | Increased GTPase activity | Increased cAMP | 3d | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
5532cf1f-6dc0-4607-b8ae-31b5d0c13a1b | Bone resorption is enhanced by | PGD2 | PDF2 | PGE2 | PGI2 | 2c | single | Bone resorption is increased by prostaglandin E2. Increased PGE2 stimulates binding of RANK ligand to RANK- stimulating osteoclast-causing resorption (REF.Essential of medical pharmacology K D TRIPATHI 6 Edition, Page No - 325) | Pharmacology | Endocrinology |
7d36d549-d646-497c-9c82-3a7d02b35fa8 | Which one predisposes to Breast cancer- | Adenosis | Fibrosis | Blue domed cysts | Epitheliosis | 3d | single | null | Surgery | null |
d81aa7a7-ab80-4eff-9701-f738ab330aa8 | The following activity increases in DNA in a permissive chromatin: | Methylation of CpG islands | Phosphorylation | Acetylation of histones | Sumoylation | 2c | single | Ans. C. Acetylation of histonesEffects of epigenetic modificationMethylation of CpG islands-Repressive chromatinPhosphorylaion of histones-Chromatin condensation (Repressive chromatin) or opening of chromatin (Permissive chromatin)Acetylation of histones-Permissive chromatinSumoylation-Repressive chromatin | Biochemistry | Molecular Genetics |
2a3b90ee-b3aa-4a3e-b568-df80518f3eaf | A patient has hyperphosphatemia with short metacarpals and associated cataract. The diagnosis is - | Pseudohypoparathyroidism | Hypophosphatasia | Hyperparathyroidism | Osteomalacia | 0a | single | null | Medicine | null |
7b15d9e5-327e-4f28-9852-76de867dd62f | Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae infection is transmitted by the following animals | Rats | Dogs | Birds | Bats | 0a | single | (A) Rats # Leptospiral infection Serotype: Icterohaemorrhage Disease: Weil's disease Clinical picture: Fever, jaundice, haemorrhages Animal reservoir: Rat Distribution: Worldwide> Several animals act as carriers for Leptospira.> Rats are particularly important for Leptospira as they are ubiquitous and carry most pathog... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Miscellaneous |
aec3c5a3-8aef-4586-99f8-bf41b457e36e | Which of these muscles is not cut in postero lateral thoractomy : | Serratus anterior | Pectoralis major | Latissimus dorsi | Intercostals | 1b | single | B. i.e. Pectoralis major | Anatomy | null |
eeb519e8-6522-4861-83ae-c908b7478d6b | The best method to confirm the diagnosis of carcinoma cervix is : | Physical examination | Pap smear | Cervical biopsy | Curettage | 2c | single | Cervical biopsy | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
202fea12-3d43-49eb-8c2c-799baca88a0b | Mucosal lining of fallopian tube secretion for ovum nutrition controlled by - | LH | FSH | Estrogen | Progesterone | 3d | multi | Ans. D. ProgesteroneThe secretions of the fallopian tube are a mode of nutrition to the developing zygote till, it reaches uterus and placenta forms.Progesterone increases the secretion of the fallopian tube mucous membrane and. abo causes hyperplasia of the muscular lining of the fallopian tube and makes its peristalt... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
916c8c0f-948f-4204-805c-7d8020a7d287 | Mifepristone is used in - | Medical terminations of pregnancy | Breast carcinoma | Prostatic carcinoma | Dysfunctional uterine bleeding | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Medical termination of pregnancy Mifepristone Mifepristone is a 19-norsteroid with potent competitive antiprogestational, antiglucocoicod and antiandrogenic action. Mifepriston is a paial agonist and competitive antagonist at both A and B isoforms of progesterone receptors. Uses Termination ofpregnanc... | Pharmacology | null |
bd8ff29a-27e6-43b9-85e7-87fa9cc5e35c | Which of the following is not included under Garrod's tetrad | Albinism | Pentosuria | Phenylketonuria | Cystinuria | 2c | single | Garrod's tetrad includes Albinism, Pentosuria, Alkaptonuria, Cystinuria. | Biochemistry | null |
f0c9f843-a965-48e4-bc02-4bcc5f7c3f99 | Auto nephrectomy is seen in | Sickle cell anemia | Renal T.B. | Sarcoidosis | Lymphoma | 1b | single | null | Surgery | null |
f74f7c56-fa43-42df-a6de-691030d6e744 | Gram stained periorbital exudates in severe panophthalmitis with cellulitis in an elderly diabetic shows irregular branching aseptate and broad hyphae. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis- | Candida | Aspergillus | Pencillium | Apophysomyces species | 3d | single | 1.Irregular branching aseptate and broad hyphae belong to Zygomycota phylum and cause Zygomycosis. *Zygomycota are aseptate fungi that cause serious infections, primarily in ketoacidotic diabetic patients and cancer patients. 2. Agents of Zygomycosis - - Rhizopus, Mucor, Lichtheimia (Old name: Absidia), Apophysomyces -... | Microbiology | Mycology |
3c710831-70c7-4b03-afd0-40014a15ecfc | Gastric infection with H.pylori account for all these adverse events , EXCEPT: | Peptic ulcer disease | Gastric MALT lymphoma | GERD | Gastric adenocarcinoma | 2c | multi | Gastric infection with the bacterium H. pylori accounts for Majority of PUD ( Gastric as well as Duodenum) Gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma Gastric adenocarcinoma. Its association with GERD is not been described. Ref: Harrison-E-18,P-2441 | Medicine | null |
0ecfce9c-2f90-489c-8f30-0a147b918a48 | A female patient Chandani develops chest pain which is not associated with exercise and chest auscultation shows multiple non ejection clicks. The investigation which is used to diagnose the disease is : | Echocardiography | Pyrophosphate scan | Thallium 201 scan | ECG | 0a | multi | Answer is A (Echocardiography) The investigation of choice in MVP is echocardiography. Two dimensional echocardiography is paicularly effective in identifying the abnormal position and prolapse of mitral valve leaflets. | Medicine | null |
52f0c8dd-7426-494c-9b2a-7a7aa4fa69f9 | In Hybrid RNA-DNA, DNA is 5CTTAAG3. The sequence of RNA will be | 5CTTAAG3 | 5CUUAAG3 | 5GAATTC3 | 5GAAUUC3 | 1b | single | The RNA transcript with a 5' to 3' polarity is complementary to the template strand with its 3' to 5' polarity.
So, the complementary RNA of template DNA (5'CTTAAG3') will be 3'GAAUUC5' (i.e. 5'CUUAAG3'). | Biochemistry | null |
126fa52d-9135-4c63-a703-630bc91da827 | Mosquitoes decrease as height increases - | Positive correlation | Negative correlation | Bidirectional | Zero | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b* i.e., Negative correlation o This is a negative correlation. Le. when height increases the mosquitoes decrease,First read about these two related terms :-o Association - Association may be defined as the concurrence of two variables more often than would be expected by chance. That mean 2 variables exist si... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Data Variables |
bbb863d7-b612-448d-bcd2-68ecfb93a351 | Which of the following is not associated with pseudomembranous colitis? | Toxin A is responsible for clinical manifestation | Toxin B is responsible for clinical manifestation | Gross blood in stools is common | Summit lesion is early histopathological finding | 2c | single | Clostridium difficile produce 5 toxins, toxin A and B are most studied and both causes pseudo membranous colitis. The “Summit” or “volcano” lesions are seen due to mucosal micro ulceration. Diarrhea is soft to watery or mucoid in consistency but never with gross blood | Unknown | null |
0af2bdfe-403e-4cb8-8bb0-6960fab85e33 | A family consist of husband, wife and children wifes's father has huntington's chorea. Which statment is true - | Chance of getting disease in child is 1:4 | Can occur upto age of 50 | If wife does not get disease till age 50 children are not affected | Huntingion's chorea is due to point mutation in gene | 2c | multi | null | Medicine | null |
c736f536-06e8-4d20-9b50-c796d83bb1d9 | In low concentration of carbon monoxide (40/) the commonest symptom is : | Nausea | Headache | Muscular weakness | None | 3d | multi | D i.e. None | Forensic Medicine | null |
60bbb578-24c9-41a3-b05e-54c263482ebc | A 23 year old female presents to the clinic with 5 weeks history of amenorrhea. Pregnancy test done in her was found to be positive and on examination Palmer sign is present. What does Palmer's sign indicate? | Pulsation in lateral fornix | Softening of uterus | Rhythmic contraction of uterus | Bluish colouration of vagina | 2c | single | Palmer's sign refers to the regular and rythmic uterine contractions which is elicited during bimanual examination. It is present as early as 4-8 weeks. Osiander's sign refers to the feeling of increased vaginal pulsation felt through the lateral fornices at 8th week of gestation. Jacquemier's sign or Chadwick's sign r... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
b9546186-59e3-441c-bfd0-8a0d41290335 | Destructive power of bullet is determined by? | Weight of bullet | Shape of bullet | Size of bullet | Velocity of bullet | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Velocity of bullet > 'a' i.e., Weight of bullet o Tissue damage (or destructive power of bullet) is dependent on striking (kinetic) energy of bullet, which is proportional to its mass and square of velocity (KE = 1/2 mv2). So modem bullets are designed to have smaller mass allowing transportation of l... | Forensic Medicine | Injuries by Firearms |
e7c5d651-c596-450f-81d3-a70dc108a90d | Poached egg colony on potassium tellurite agar is characteristic of | C. diphtheriae gravis | C. diphtheriae intermedius | C. diphtheriae mitis | C. Jeikeium | 2c | single | Daisy head - Gravis
Frog's egg colony - Intermedius
Poached egg - Mitis. | Microbiology | null |
f068f2c0-5eb8-4adc-bfe9-20ebcffed3ed | True about ulcerative colitis are all except | 20% end up in colectomy. | The highest risk of UC requiring surgery is in 1st year. | Extra intestinal problems of UC are managed medically | Steroid dependent cases needs surgery. | 2c | multi | Ref. Sabiston Textbook of Surgery. Pg. 1340
Extraintestinal manifestations of ulcerative colitis respond to colectomy except Primary sclerosing cholangitis . | Unknown | null |
888029a8-0b65-46fe-b3a9-85593457cdc3 | True regarding opening of auditory tube in nasopharynx is: | Posterior to inferior nasal concha | Posterior to middle nasal concha | Superior to inferior nasal concha | Inferior to inferior nasal concha | 0a | multi | The lateral wall of nasopharynx has pharyngeal opening of the auditory tube, at the level of the inferior nasal concha and 1.2 cm behind it | Anatomy | null |
3dd089b6-bf83-48ac-9287-a4497d643469 | According to Modified Astler-Collar Classification for colorectal cancer, lymph node invasion with penetration of the entire bowel wall is included in stage: | B1 | B2 | C1 | C2 | 3d | multi | Modified Duke's (Modified Astler-Collar) classification Stage Description A Confined to the mucosa B1 Paially penetrated the muscularis propria B2 Fully penetrated the muscularis propria C1 Lymph node invasion without penetration of the entire bowel wall C2 Lymph node invasion with penetration of the entire bowel wall ... | Surgery | Large intestine |
4fc5d981-f4df-4ff8-942e-f2fcd66ea9ab | Drug of choice for rapid cyclers is | Lithium | Sodium valproate | Carbamazepine | Amitryptaline | 1b | single | Sodium valproate is the drug of choice for rapid cyclers.
Rapid cyclers has 4 or more than 4 episodes of mania, depression or hypomania in 1 year. | Psychiatry | null |
56560da0-cf92-44c7-87fb-c4eb832a2938 | True about Tuberculosis HIV patientsa) ↑ Sputum positivityb) INH prophyaxis prevent development of T.Bc) Lack characteristics feature of T.Bd) Highly positive PPD reactione) Atypical radiological features | ce | b | ac | ae | 0a | multi | null | Medicine | null |
6eeefeb3-73d9-4412-8579-bfa145c28fe2 | A 22-year-old woman has an abnormal cervical Pap smear. A biopsy is obtained from a suspicious area on the cervix. The pathology repo says, "There is a loss of the normal orientation of the squamous cells. Atypical cells with wrinkled nuclei and perinuclear halos involve the full thickness of the squamous epithelium. T... | Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) I with koilocytic atypia | CIN II with koilocytic atypia | CIN III with koilocytic atypia | Inflammatory atypia secondary to colposcopyaifact | 2c | single | The patient has cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) III with koilocytic atypia secondary to the human papillomavirus. The designation CIN III encompasses both severe dysplasia and carcinoma in situ.Cervical dysplasia is a precursor lesion of cervical squamous cancer. Most cases of cervical dysplasia occur in women... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Gynaecological oncology |
e11ced88-d7ed-4cd2-b829-a579a4155950 | The penicillin G preparation with the longest duration | Benzathine penicillin | Sodium penicillin | Potassium penicillin | Procaine penicillin | 0a | single | Penicillin G due to it's rapid tubular secretion, it is very sho acting. It's duration of action is increased with probenecid which compete with penicillin at tubular pump. Procaine penicillin G and benzathine penicillin G are administered IM and serve as depot forms. They are slowly absorbed into the circulation and p... | Pharmacology | Cell Wall Synthesis Inhibitors |
5f97bcfa-b6bd-4e0e-9eb3-993cf7c7161f | Which viral infection always causes clinical disease in human beings- | Rubella | Poliomyelitis | Measles | Chicken pox | 2c | single | Rubella unfections are in fact subclinical.This represents the one of the major difference between measles and rubella(Ref.PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE 21st Edition page no.136) | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable diseases |
667cb468-17a9-4059-87e8-45c64521582a | Hyperextensibility with normal elastic recoil is a feature of - | Ehlers Danlos syndrome | Pseudoxanthoma elasticum | Cutis laxa | Scleroderma | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Ehlers Danlos syndrome Ehlers - Panlos syndrome (EPS)Ehler's danlos syndrome comprise a clinically and genetically heterogenous group of disorder that result from some defect in the synthesis or structure of fibrillar collagen.The basic abnormality in Ehler9s Danlos syndrome (EDS) is some defect in th... | Medicine | Disorder of Metabolism & Connective Tissue |
116927cb-b3d1-4913-ac37-95a7cb60fa76 | Subcoical dementia is seen in all Except: | Parkinsonism | Alzheimers disease | Wilsons disease | Huntingtons chorea | 1b | multi | DEMENTIA SUBCOICAL COICAL 1 Characteristic Parkinson disease Huntington disease Wilson 's disease spinocerebellar degeneration coicobasal degeneration normal pressure hydrocephalus Alzheimer Vascular Frontotemporal Lewy Body Dementia 2 Pathology* Prominent changes in striatum , thalamus Prominent changes in coical asso... | Psychiatry | All India exam |
6e4c805a-c388-47b7-bd34-b8b2c661ebb8 | A patient meets with an accident with resultant transection of the pituitary stalk; what will NOT occur- | Diabetes mellitus | Diabetes insipidus | Hyperprolactinemia | Hypothyroidism | 0a | single | diabetes mellitus is a multiorgan disorder due to various genetic and environmental factors( Harrison 17 pg 2275) | Medicine | Endocrinology |
f8e47e63-2597-4fd6-a399-8966566f4726 | Bone scan in multiple myeloma shows-: | Hot spot | Cold spot | Diffusely increased uptake | Diffusely decreased uptake | 1b | single | B i.e. Cold spot | Radiology | null |
9975714d-30eb-4d33-b81b-efef1e7e5547 | Integrated management of neonatal and childhood illness includes all except: | Malaria | Respiratory infections | Diarrhea | Tuberculosis | 3d | multi | Integrated management of neonatal and childhood (IMNCI) illnesses: 1. Diarrhea. 2. Measles. 3. Pneumonia. 4. Malaria. 5. Severe malnutrition and nutritional counseling. | Social & Preventive Medicine | Other NHPs |
4c7e6a27-9784-4e90-ab2e-3016d5447710 | The dose of betamethasone in prenatal to prevent respiratory distress syndrome is - | 6 mg | 12 mg every 24 hours | 6 mg every 12 hours | 4 mg sta | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., 12 mg every 24 hours | Pediatrics | null |
9c3cc383-0ff9-47ae-bc0d-0eac88abe58c | Which of the following is NOT a Calcium channel blocker | Verapamil | Pirenzepine | Felodipine | Nitrendipine | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Pirenzepine Pirenzepine is a selective M1 AntagonistCalcium channel blockers.Phenyl alkylamine - VerapamilBenzodiazepine -DiltiazemDihydropyridines - Nifedipine, Felodipine, Amlodipine, Nitrendipine, Nimodipine, Lacidipine More questions on calcium channel blocker -Only voltage sensitive L type channe... | Pharmacology | Anti-Hypertensive |
608ba1f2-a6ab-4df4-83bf-cb80edd0f7d7 | True statement regarding migraine in pregnancy is: | Ketorolac is preferred | NSAIDs are first line drugs | Improved symptoms with pregnancy | Sumatriptan preferred over chlorpromazine | 1b | multi | Ans: (b) NSAIDs are first line drugsRef: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 19th edition, Page 2592Treatment of Acute MigraineNSAIDsNaproxen, lbuprofen,Tolfenamic acid Diclofenac, Acetominophen5-HT1 Receptor AgonistsOral: Ergotamine, Naratriptan, Rizatriptan, Sumatriptan, Frovatriptan, Almotriptan, Eletriptan,... | Medicine | Blood |
5c740686-f4e0-4508-a3d0-03534a146d5d | Diplopia is not a presenting feature in - | Manifest squint | Paralytic squint | Latent squint | Anisometropia | 2c | single | Paralytic squint (a type of manifest squint) is the most common cause of diplopia. Anisometropia can also cause diplopia.
Latent squint and concomitant squint do not cause diplopia. | Ophthalmology | null |
41335c67-0d89-459a-8603-0cbe519c7e95 | Phase 4 clinical trial also called as | Therapeutic confirmation | Post marketing surveillance | Therapeutic exploration and dose ranging | Human pharmacology and safety | 1b | multi | Phase IV: Postmarketing surveillance/ studies After the drug has been marketed for general use, practicing physicians are identified through whom data are collected on a structured proforma about the efficacy, acceptability and adverse effects of the drug. Uncommon/idiosyncratic adverse effects, or those that occur onl... | Pharmacology | General pharmacology |
fb5c5235-8a93-4b8d-8263-9d12bc16dd80 | Gynecomastia is seen in : | Secondary syphilis | Tuberculoid leprosy | HIV | Klinefelter's syndrome | 3d | single | Features of Klinefelter&;s syndromemale phenotypeGynaecomastiaSterilityPenis is small or normal in sizeVoice may be high pitchedeunuchoid appearance* Gynaecomastia may be noted in lepromatous leprosySHAW&;S TEXTBOOK OF GYNAECOLOGY, Pg no:112,15th edition | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Sexuality and intersexuality |
85c03011-5ef1-4401-8ba8-d5855b279413 | Preservative added in DPT vaccine is - | Zinc phosphate | Aluminium phosphate | MgSO4 | ZnSO4 | 1b | single | Page 162 Park&;s textbook of Preventive and social medicine 23rd edition DPT vaccine provides immunity against diphtheria peussis and tetanus Peusis component in the DPT vaccine enhance the potency of diphtheria toxoid There are two types of DPT vaccine -plain and adsorbed Adsorption is usually carried out on a mineral... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable diseases |
ef6c5b0e-2ff8-4281-bb33-c909e405feff | Prothrombin activator complex is made of | Factor Xa, Va, VIIIa | Factor Va, VIIa, Platelet Phospholipids | Factor Xa, VIIIa, Tissue Phospholipids | Factor Xa, Va, Platelet Phospholipids | 3d | single | Activated Factor X combines with Factor V and platelet or tissue phospholipids to form the complex called prothrombin activator. Reference: Guyton Physiology; 13th ed; Page: 488 | Physiology | General physiology |
7cb6a989-1a97-4478-9d51-540fff5ae779 | A patient of RHD developed infective endocarditis after dental extraction. Most likely organism causing this is | Streptococcus viridans | Streptococcus pneumoiae | Streptococcus pyogenes | Staphylococcus aureus | 0a | single | Streptococcus viridans is a group which normally resides in the mouth and upper respiratory tract and is alpha hemolytic. In persons with pre-existing cardiac lesions, they may cause bacterial endocarditis, Streptococcus sanguis being most often responsible. Following the tooth extraction or dental procedures, they cau... | Microbiology | Bacteriology |
f6b1fa96-7863-4d7e-8eea-a510799c1965 | Retinoblastoma gene is located on? | Chromosome 6 | Chromosome 9 | Chromosome 13 | Chromosome 2l | 2c | single | Robbins basic pathology 6th edition. Chapter Neoplasia. Pge no. 286. Retinoblastoma gene is located on chromosome no. 13. | Pathology | General pathology |
902cc19e-8651-49c4-9959-b193994e6c77 | Durg of choice for chemoprophylaxis of plague - | Erythromycin | Cotrimoxazole | Tetracycline | Sulfadiazine | 2c | single | Drug of choice for chemoprophylaxis of plague is tetracycline. For adults, the dose is 500 mg 6 hourly for 5 days A cheaper alternative is sulfonamide, 2 to 3 gm daily for 5 to 7 days. Ref: PARK&;S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE 23rd edition pg: 296 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable diseases |
7790104d-e5ee-4da9-8472-1a1e99f9fe67 | Regional lymph nodes are involved in which of these - | Ewing sarcoma | Osteosarcoma | Adamantinoma | Synovial cell sarcoma | 3d | single | Usually, the sarcomas do not metastasize to the lymph nodes.
Sarcomas which metastasize to lymphatics are
Rhabdomyosarcoma
Clear cell sarcoma
Epithelial sarcoma
Malignant fibrous histiosarcoma
Angiosarcoma
Synovial cell sarcoma
Lymphosarcoma | Orthopaedics | null |
1c326add-8cbf-429a-a36a-c332ca032285 | A group of elementary school-age children meet for a birthday party, and in the next few days, about half of them experience a mild upper respiratory illness, with sore throat and runny nose. One family gets laboratory work done and finds that Chlamydia pneumoniae (TWAR) is involved. Which of the following procedures w... | Cold agglutinin test | Culture of respiratory secretions in HeLa cells after centrifugation of the inoculated tubes | Culture of respiratory secretions on monkey kidney cells | Detection of specific antigen in urine | 1b | single | Atypical pneumonia" is an old classification used for respiratory disease that is not lobar and is not "typical." That is, it does not include pneumonia caused by pneumococcus, Klebsiella, Haemophilus, or b-hemolytic streptococci that results in a typical lobular infiltrate. In recent years, the atypical pneumonias hav... | Microbiology | Bacteria |
bacb2702-7822-4e0c-b6aa-20a19ff4b95b | Schistosomiasis is an exmple of: | Meta-zoonoses | Cyclo-zoonoses | Direct-zoonoses | Sporo-zoonoses | 0a | single | Ans. a. Meta-zoonoses | Microbiology | null |
9e77e4af-ef6d-437b-9f8f-321c27b95ccb | The Maximum concentration of potassium delivered central vein is? | 20 mmol/L | 40 mmol/L | 60 mmol/L | 100 mmol/L | 2c | single | Answer- C. 60 mmol/LMaximum concentration possible delivered central vein = 60 mmo/l | Medicine | null |
7b241424-1768-4cd6-acc9-0be9d16ee9f6 | The position of hand during application of POP cast for fracture scaphoid has been clasically described as | Boat shaped position | Clenched fist position | Tumbler holding position | Boxing position | 2c | multi | In Scaphoid fracture, the cast is applied to maintain dorsi-flexion of the wrist area. This is called the Glass holding position/Tumbler holding position. In Colle&;s fracture, POP is applied to keep it in palmar flexion and ulnar detion. This is called Shake hand position. ref : maheswari 9th ed | Anatomy | null |
509cfe11-8ef9-4e54-b577-bf87d5cd8934 | What is the most common site of brain Hemorrhage? | Putamen | Internal capsule | Ventral pons | Cerebellum | 0a | single | The MC site of brain hemorrhage is Putamen. Intraparenchymal hemorrhage is most lethal and has a moality rate of 40%. investigation of choice is NCCT. Hypeensive ICH usually results from spontaneous rupture of a small penetrating aery deep in the brain. The most common sites are the basal ganglia (especially the putame... | Medicine | Brain Hemorrhage |
50c44ad0-cf50-426b-b406-05a36b42816d | Flag sign is seen in: | Kwashiorkor | Marasmus | Pellagra | Hypothyroidism | 0a | single | In Kwashiorkor hair is thin, dry, brittle, easily pluckable, sparse & devoid of their normal sheen. It becomes straight and hypopigmented. The colour of the hair that grows during the period of nutritional deprivation appears reddish brown. During the phase of better nutrition, the growing pa of the hair gets appropria... | Pediatrics | null |
76912c0b-d172-4af6-8b30-0d9649124dcf | The rk39 antigen is used in the diagnosis of: | Tuberculosis | Trypanosomiasis | Toxoplasmosis | Kala azar | 3d | single | Ans. D. Kala azara. k-39 antigen is a 39-amino acid residue encoded by a kinesin-related gene in the amastigotes of Leishmania causing Kala azar.b. Anti-k39 antibodies are secreted into various body fluids such as urine and sputum along with blood, and have been shown to be useful in the diagnosis of VL.c. Enzyme-linke... | Microbiology | Parasitology |
1e34301f-a6d1-4187-88ce-b4fe394b4cf3 | Rule of Hasse is used to determine : | The age of fetus | Height of an adult | Race of a person | Identification | 0a | single | Ans. is a i.e. The age of fetus Hasse's rule is employed in calculating the age of fetus by its length During the first five months of pregnancy, the length in cms is square of the age in months i.e. Length in cms = (Age in months)? Age in months = Qlength in cms During second five months of pregnancy, length in cms di... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
f1036301-731b-414a-ba4a-7f52e85f77c0 | About glycolysis true is: | Occurs in mitochondria | Complete breakdown of glucose | Conversion of glucose to 3C units | 3 ATPs are used in anaerobic pathway | 2c | multi | Ans. C. Conversion of Glucose to 3C units(Ref. Harper 3 He page 157)Option a. Glycolysis occur in cytosolOption b. Complete breakdown of Glucose happens when Pyruvate formed by Glycolysis undergo Pyruvate Dehydrogenase reaction, followed by TCA Cycle.Option d. In anaerobic GlycolysisNumber of ATPs produced is 4Number o... | Biochemistry | Carbohydrates |
36d336e1-82ac-4d25-8b83-a2bcb2783fba | Sclera is thinnest at | Near the optic nerve | At inseion of the extra ocular muscles | Around the limbus | Nasally | 1b | multi | (Refer: AK Khurana Comprehensive Ophthalmology, 6th edition, pg no. 140) The thickest pa of the sclera - Near the optic nerve (at the posterior pole)The thinnest pa of the sclera- Near the inseion of extraocular muscles ref khurana 6th edition pg 566 | Ophthalmology | Cornea and sclera |
a1c669ff-8eae-4a66-840c-b157c7124bf1 | All are pneumatization patterns ot sphenoid sinus except: | Pre sellar | Post sellar | Concha bullosa | Conchal | 2c | multi | Three types of sphenoid sinus pneumatization patterns have been found.Pneumatisation patterns depend on the position of thr sinus in relation to the sella turcica. Ref Dhingra 6/e,p 188. | ENT | Nose and paranasal sinuses |
58d0146c-c269-4fa2-a3c1-afd1e248eae5 | Lacquer cracks in pathological myopia is due to breaks in | Retinal pigment epithelium | Bruch's membrane | Outer plexiform layer | Inner plexiform layer | 1b | single | Lacquer cracks in pathological myopia is due to breaks in Bruch's membrane. | Ophthalmology | null |
7fd0bdd9-cc48-4e70-aaca-1dee63374b1f | Frontal lobe syndrome is characterised by all except | Slowed thinking | Decreased curiosity | Social withdrawal | Good Judgement | 3d | multi | The frontal lobe syndrome, consists of poor judgement, slowed thinking, decreased curiosity, social withdrawal, and irritability. The frontal lobe is the region that determines how the brain acts on its knowledge. Frontal lobe injury Impairs the executive function: motivation, attention, and sequencing of actions. Apha... | Physiology | Nervous system |
00c36071-3fa9-417d-819b-d8cfac97db5a | Which is associated with Ted risk of Thromboembolism in a normal pregnancy : | |ed progesterone level | |ed production of clotting factors by liver | Change in blood viscosity | |ed antithrombin III | 1b | single | Ans. is b i.e. |ed production of clotting factors by liver Pulmonary thromboembolism is a rare complication of pregnancy but is a significant cause of maternal morbidity and moality. All of us have studied in surgery - Virchow's Traid i.e. factors associated with thromboembolism viz : Endothelial injury Stasis Increase... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
9fe3725e-627c-48f1-a567-639b970400f2 | SAMPLE history involves all except : | Allergies | Personal history | Last oral intake and menstruation. | Past medical history. | 1b | multi | SAMPLE history is a mnemonic acronym used in assessment of a person/patient in field of emergency medicine by police officers and EMTs, often used in conjunction with the vital signs. AMPLE history is a derivative of SAMPLE history which places a greater emphasis on a persons medical history. Mnemonic goes as follows:
... | Medicine | null |
e7f55c86-94cd-4571-b2b5-ff9392f2b93a | All are used in treatment of amoebic liver abscess except - | Diloxanide furoate | Chloroquine | Metronidazole | Emetine | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Diloxanide furoate Diloxanide furoate is a highly effective luminal amoebicide but has no systemic antiamoebic activity. This is because the furoate ester is hydrolysed in the intestine and the released diloxanide is absorbed. Diloxanide is a weaker amoebicide then its furoate ester and no systemic an... | Surgery | null |
29a3d693-c655-403e-b37e-c3ea7d78e995 | A study is conducted to assess the risk of acquiring a severely debilitating disease over a 1- year study period. Only males are susceptible to the disease, which can be diagnosed using 4 basic clinical criteria. In a population of 100,000 people. 10 men met all the criteria. An additional 90 men demonstrated mild symp... | 0.01% | 0.02% | 0.20% | 0.40% | 1b | multi | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
4fe30182-9ca8-4dea-a3e4-033a6ef813ac | Cork-screw appearance of esophagus: | Achalasia cardia | Cancer esophagus | Schatzki ring | DES | 3d | single | Ans. (d) DESRef: Bailey and Love 26th edition, Page 1017 Diffuse Esophageal Spasm:* Hyper Motility disorder characterized by chest pain and dysphagia* Most common finding is cork screw esophagus in lower 2/3rd esophagus commonly.* Medical treatment is primary: Calcium channel blockers, vasodilators, endoscopic dilatati... | Surgery | Oesophagus |
331c2d84-62f4-4e69-b6e7-f5f329ff2061 | A young man presented with a lesion in his hand which resembles a 'bull's eye'. He recalled that he was bitten by 'something' last evening when he went outdoor. If you are suspecting Lyme's disease in this patient, what is the causative organism responsible: | Borrelia parkeri | Borellia burgdorferi | Borrelia recurrentis | Borrelia hermsii | 1b | multi | Lyme disease, the most common ahropod-borne disease in the United States, is primarily caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi. It is a spirochete, helically shaped, motile. Lyme disease is characterized by three clinical stages. The first stage is characterized by erythema chronicum migrans (ECM), an erythematous... | Microbiology | null |
37bffc64-431b-42e1-9272-52f776b69aaf | A 3 year old child can do all, except – | Eat with a spoon | Climb stairs running | Walk properly | Vocabulary of 20–100 words | 1b | multi | Important milestones of a 3 years child
Rides tricycle
Stands momentarily on one foot.
Draws a circle.
Can dress or undress himself completely
Builds tower o... | Pediatrics | null |
fbba6154-3628-4dcc-ae3a-e653a476cb88 | A 15 year old boy presents to you with history of fever, altered sensorium and purpuric rash for two days. On examination, the patient is found stuporous. He has a BP of 90/60 mmHg and extensive palpable purpura over the legs. Which of he following would be the most appropriate initial choice of antibiotic | Vancomycin | Pencilline G | Ciprofloxacin | Gentamicin | 1b | single | null | Medicine | null |
199cbba9-6163-4e62-9a16-815e433a11ea | Liver transplantation was first done by ? | Starzl | Huggins | Carrel | Christian Benard | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Starzl The first human liver transplant was performed in 1963 by Dr. Thomas Starzl. | Surgery | null |
0189b26e-cfd6-490a-9195-030287845b23 | A 45 year old patient presents with history of fever, night sweats and weight loss. On X-ray, a mass in apical lobe of lung is seen. On histopathology, it was found to have caseous necrosis. What is the likely underlying process involved - | Enzymatic degeneration | Hypersensitivity reaction with modified macrophages, lymphocytes and giant cells | Acute decrease in blood supply | Decreased supply of growth factors | 1b | single | . Hypersensitivity reaction with modified macrophages, lymphocytes and giant cells | Pathology | null |
db685621-a007-47bc-b117-db6ff71b4c06 | Methotrexate is often used as a chemotherapeutic agent to treat patients with leukemia. This drug is effective because it inhibits cells in which pa of the cell cycle | G1 phase | S phase | G2 phase | M phase | 1b | single | Methotrexate inhibits the synthesis of deoxythymidine by preventing the regeneration of THF by inhibiting the enzyme DHFR. Inhibiting the synthesis of deoxythymidylate prevents the cell from synthesizing its DNA. DNA synthesis occurs exclusively during S phase of the cell cycle. Ref:- KD Tripathi | Pharmacology | Chemotherapy |
dfa666c3-0716-4d39-9bb9-4feeb05f8892 | False regarding gouty arthritis is - | Synovial fluid analysis is diagnostic | Allopurinol is the treatment of choice in acute gout | Arthritis occurs after long attack of hyperuricemia | Level of uric acid in blood and severity of gout has good correlation | 1b | multi | null | Medicine | null |
0ed8b822-99f6-4387-842f-5c74c512956c | A 5-day-old term male neonate presents with delayed passage of meconium, abdominal distension and bilious vomiting. Barium enema and intestinal biopsy findings are shown below. What is the diagnosis? | Congenital aganglionic megacolon | Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis | Cystic fibrosis | Intestinal malrotation | 0a | single | a. Congenital aganglionic megacolonBa enema shows narrow distal segment with dilated proximal segment of intestineIntestinal biopsy shows hypertrophied nerve bundles between muscular layer & submucosa | Pediatrics | Gastro Intestinal System |
3fe3fed0-6ce9-474b-8768-3b55faad2515 | A patient presents with cough with expectoration. Diagnosis of farmers lung is suspected. True statement regarding this condition: | May to June seasonal | Persistent cough with expectoration | X-ray features upper lobe predominant in chronic HP | Pleural effusions are common | 2c | multi | Ans: (c) X-ray features upper lobe predominant in chronic HPRef: Fishman's Pulmonary Disease and Disorders, 5th edition, Chapter 58Farmer's LungResults from exposure to moldy hay containing spores of Thermophilic Actinomycetes that produce a hypersensitivity pneumonitisMost cases of farmer's lung disease occur in cold,... | Medicine | Respiratory |
cc6a8570-8c11-4033-8625-4944265f389e | All are features of reversible injury of cell, except- | Blebs | Amorphous densities in mitochondrial matrix | Loss of microvlli | Cellular swelling | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Amorphous densities in mitochondrial matrixFormation of amorphous densities in the mitochondrial matrix is a feature of irreversible injury and not reversible injury.Features of reversible cell injuryFeatures of irreversible cell injuryo Cellular swellingo Loss of microvillio Formation of cytoplasmic ... | Unknown | null |
910f4344-c7ce-4e71-90d0-6d6dc3b56029 | Inferior pancreaticoduodenal aery is a branch of which of the following aery? | Splenic aery | Left gastric aery | Gastroduodenal aery | Superior mesenteric aery | 3d | single | Inferior pancreaticoduodenal aery is a branch of superior mesenteric aery. It supplies the pancreas and adjoining pa of the duodenum. Its anterior and posterior branches anastomose with the branches of superior pancreaticoduodenal aery. This anastomosis is the only communication between the aeries of foregut and midgut... | Anatomy | All India exam |
03c0531f-96c9-45a2-a3b3-c25d4e9d46ee | All of the following are used in treatment of pneumocystis carinii except | Pentamidine | Dapsone | Cotrimoxazole | Fluoroquinolones | 3d | multi | The treatment of choice for PCP is trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX), given either IV or PO for 14-21 days. Sulfadiazine plus pyrimethamine, an oral regimen more often used for treatment of toxoplasmosis, also is highly effective. Dapsone plus pyrimethamine or dapsone plus trimethoprim also can be used. Intraveno... | Anatomy | Respiratory system |
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