pubid int32 113k 27.9M | question stringlengths 17 664 | context dict | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k | final_decision stringclasses 2
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|---|---|---|---|---|
8,633,678 | Does fetal fibronectin in vaginal specimens predict preterm delivery and very-low-birth-weight infants? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of vaginal fetal fibronectin expression to risk of preterm delivery and delivery of very-low-birth-weight infants.",
"Vaginal secretions were obtained from women between 22 and 35 weeks' pregnant with minimal cervical dilation (< or = ... | Vaginal fetal fibronectin expression is an independent risk factor for preterm delivery and birth of very-low-birth-weight infants in symptomatic women with intact amniotic membranes and minimal cervical dilatation. | yes |
8,614,072 | Does direct current reduce wound edema after full-thickness burn injury in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"To observe the effect of 4 and 40 microA direct current (DC) on edema formation after burn injury in rats.",
"Silver-nylon wound dressings were used as either anodes (-) or cathodes (+) on 20% total body surface area full-thickness scalds in anesthetized male Sprague-Dawley rats. Untreated bu... | Direct electric current has a beneficial effect in reducing wound edema after burn injury. | yes |
8,627,847 | Do the periurethral glands significantly influence the serum prostate specific antigen concentration? | {
"contexts": [
"The periurethral glands are known to produce prostate specific antigen (PSA). With ultra-sensitive assays now routinely available, it is necessary to determine if the periurethral glands significantly influence serum PSA concentration after radical prostatectomy.",
"Serum PSA levels of 46 men... | The greatest difference in median PSA levels that could be found between men with and without periurethral glands when using 3 different ultra-sensitive assays was 0.01 ng./ml., indicating that the periurethral glands do not have a clinically significant effect on serum PSA concentration after radical prostatectomy. Th... | no |
8,623,130 | Do circulating red cells usually remain of host origin after bone marrow transplantation for severe combined immunodeficiency? | {
"contexts": [
"Patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) treated with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation often receive a milder conditioning regimen than patients who undergo transplantation for hematologic malignancy, and they regularly retain circulating white cells of host origin. The origin ... | SCID patients successfully treated with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation typically fail to show circulating red cells of donor phenotype; this finding is in contrast to the universal presence of circulating donor red cells following successful bone marrow transplantation to treat hematologic malignancies and othe... | yes |
8,613,013 | Does ursodeoxycholic acid reduce protein levels and nucleation-promoting activity in human gallbladder bile? | {
"contexts": [
"Ursodeoxycholic acid prevents gallstone formation in selected patients. The aim of this study was to examine whether decreased concentration and nucleation-promoting activity of various proteins contribute to this beneficial effect.",
"Gallbladder bile of 13 patients with cholesterol gallston... | Ursodeoxycholic acid strongly decreases levels of various proteins and nucleation-promoting activity in bile. | yes |
8,613,011 | Is pancreatic thread protein mitogenic to pancreatic-derived cells in culture? | {
"contexts": [
"Pancreatic thread proteins (PTPs) are acinar cell products and members of the regenerating gene (reg) family. reg expression increases during islet regeneration, is depressed during aging-related islet dysfunction, and may be important in beta-cell growth and maintenance. The aim of this study wa... | reg messenger RNA is expressed in acinar but not in beta-cell or ductal pancreatic cell lines. PTP/reg protein was mitogenic to both beta-cell and ductal cell lines but not to mature, nondividing islets. This supports the hypothesis that PTP/reg protein is an acinar cell-derived mediator of beta-cell growth and may be ... | yes |
8,635,257 | Does missense mutation in the pore region of HERG cause familial long QT syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"Long QT syndrome (LQT) is an inherited cardiac disorder that results in syncope, seizures, and sudden death. In a family with LQT, we identified a novel mutation in human ether-a-go-go-related gene (HERG), a voltage-gated potassium channel.",
"We used DNA sequence analysis, restriction enzyme... | We conclude that the Ile593Arg missense mutation in HERG is the cause of LQT in this family because it segregates with disease, its presence was confirmed in three ways, and it is not found in normal individuals. The Ile593Arg mutation may result in a change in potassium selectivity and permeability leading to a loss o... | yes |
8,613,613 | Does transient sympathovagal imbalance trigger `` ischemic '' sudden death in patients undergoing electrocardiographic Holter monitoring? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between \"ischemic\" sudden death (arrhythmic death preceded by ST segment shift) and autonomic nervous system activity. Background. Mechanisms precipitating sudden death are poorly known despite the importance of detecting functional factors ... | Autonomic dysfunction, as detected by a marked decrease in heart rate variability, is present in the period (5 min) immediately preceding the onset of the ST shift precipitating ischemic sudden death. These data suggest that sympathovagal imbalance may trigger fatal arrhythmias during acute myocardial ischemia, thus re... | yes |
8,614,939 | Does impaired pial arteriolar reactivity to hypercapnia during hyperammonemia depend on glutamine synthesis? | {
"contexts": [
"Acute hyperammonemia causes glutamine and water accumulation in astrocytes and loss of the cerebral blood flow response selectively to CO2. We tested whether extraparenchymal pial arterioles not subjected directly to mechanical compression by swollen astrocyte processes also lose hypercapnic reac... | Loss of the blood flow response to hypercapnia during acute hyperammonemia is not due simply to swollen astrocyte processes passively impeding blood flow because extraparenchymal resistance arterioles also lose their reactivity selectively to hypercapnia. Lost reactivity depends on glutamine synthesis rather than on am... | yes |
8,634,399 | Do [ A new application of MR tomography of the lung using ultra-short turbo spin echo sequences ]? | {
"contexts": [
"Development of an improved MR sequence for examining the lung.",
"T2 weighted ultra-short turbo spin echo sequences were used in five individuals with variations in echo times, delayed triggering and echo intervals. To reduce movement artifacts all examinations were carried out with ECG and r... | Using UTSE of the lung, MRT can produce images of good quality. Compared with CT, contrast is better with MRT, offering diagnostic advantages for MRT. | yes |
8,635,269 | Is cardiomyocyte troponin T immunoreactivity modified by cross-linking resulting from intracellular calcium overload? | {
"contexts": [
"During myocardial ischemia, the increase in cytosolic Ca2+ promotes the activation of neutral proteases such as calpains. Since the troponin T subunit is a substrate for calpains, we investigated the effects of irreversible myocyte damage on troponin T immunoreactivity.",
"Hearts from adult g... | The evolution of the ischemic injury is accompanied by changes in troponin T immunoreactivity as a consequence of the calcium-dependent activation of both calpain proteolysis and transglutaminase cross-linking. | yes |
8,621,283 | Does the lazaroid U74389G protect normal brain from stereotactic radiosurgery-induced radiation injury? | {
"contexts": [
"To test an established model of stereotactic radiosurgery-induced radiation injury with pretreatments of either methylprednisolone or the lazaroid U74389G.",
"Nine cats received stereotactic radiosurgery with a linear accelerator using and animal radiosurgery device. Each received a dose of 1... | These results suggest that the lazaroid U74389G protects the normal brain from radiation injury produced by stereotactic radiosurgery. | yes |
8,633,649 | Do fetal RhD genotyping in fetal cells flow sorted from maternal blood? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of noninvasive fetal RhD genotyping by fetal cell isolation from maternal blood.",
"Candidate fetal cells from 18 pregnant women (one twin gestation) were flow-sorted. Polymerase chain reaction amplification of a 261 bp fragment of the RhD g... | Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of the fetal RhD genotype is feasible. Absence of amplification products in the reaction requires confirmation that fetal material is present. Improvements in fetal cell purity and yield should increase diagnostic accuracy, although the current protocol has a positive predictive value of ... | yes |
8,614,963 | Does analysis of the priming activity of lipids generated during routine storage of platelet concentrate? | {
"contexts": [
"Compounds generated during the routine storage of platelet concentrates may have deleterious effects on the transfusion recipient.",
"Daily plasma samples from platelet concentrates, both apheresis platelets and those separated from whole blood, were obtained serially during routine storage. ... | Lipids were generated during the routine storage of platelet concentrates that prime the NADPH oxidase, and they may play a role in the severe complications of transfusion therapy. Other non-lipid compounds, such as interleukin 8, that are generated in whole-blood platelets may also contribute to the observed priming a... | yes |
8,633,958 | Does thromboxane receptor blockade improve oxygenation in an experimental model of acute lung injury? | {
"contexts": [
"Adult respiratory distress syndrome remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality. We investigated the role of thromboxane receptor antagonism in an experimental model of acute lung injury that mimics adult respiratory distress syndrome.",
"Three groups of rabbit heart-lung preparations we... | Thromboxane receptor blockade prevents the pulmonary hypertension and the decline in oxygenation seen in an experimental model of acute lung injury that mimics adult respiratory distress syndrome. | yes |
8,615,650 | Does interleukin-1 receptor antagonist inhibit subcutaneous B16 melanoma growth in vivo? | {
"contexts": [
"Previously we demonstrated that injection of Interleukin-alpha (IL-1) stimulated B16 melanoma tumour growth in vivo, associated with increased intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression on the tumour cells (Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed 1994; 10: 74-79, ).",
"In the present s... | Abrogation of IL-1 activity, in combination with other systemic therapies may prove useful in the treatment of melanoma. | yes |
8,612,387 | Does the CYP2D6 genotype predict the oral clearance of the neuroleptic agents perphenazine and zuclopenthixol? | {
"contexts": [
"Most antidepressant and neuroleptic agents are metabolized by the polymorphic cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP2D6. This study evaluates the importance of the CYP2D6 genotype for the disposition of the neuroleptic agents perphenazine and zuclopenthixol.",
"Patients treated with neuroleptic agents (n... | The results show that the genotype for CYP2D6 is closely related to the oral clearances of perphenazine and zuclopenthixol. If this finding can be confirmed in a larger population, genotyping may become an important tool for the dosing of these two neuroleptic agents. | yes |
8,624,009 | Does pentobarbital enhance cyclic adenosine monophosphate production in the brain by effects on neurons but not glia? | {
"contexts": [
"Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is an important regulator of neuronal excitability. The effects of barbiturates on cAMP production in intact neurons are not known. This study used cultures of cortical neurons, cultures of glia, and slices of cerebral cortex from the rat to study the effects... | Pentobarbital enhances stimulated cAMP accumulation in cultured preparations from brain and fresh cortical slices. Neurons are required for this effect. Because cAMP modulates neuronal excitability, this effect of pentobarbital may be an important mechanism by which this anesthetic influences brain function. | yes |
8,632,639 | Does thymopentin modulate Th1 and Th2 cytokine response and host survival in experimental injury? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the impact of thymopentin (Thy) on mortality and in vivo cytokine release in an animal model of gut-derived sepsis which includes different combinations of allogeneic blood transfusion (T) and burn injury plus bacterial gavage (BG).",
"Randomly controlled experiments.",
"Tw... | The protective effect of Thy in this experimental model may be mediated by modulation of cytokine release. | yes |
8,615,465 | Are stapled ileal pouch anal anastomoses safer than handsewn anastomoses in patients with ulcerative colitis? | {
"contexts": [
"One of the theoretic advantages of using a stapled versus handsewn ileal pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) in restorative proctocolectomy is a reduction in septic complications. We performed this study to compare the incidence of early septic complications in patients undergoing restorative proctocol... | The stapled technique for IPAA has fewer septic complications and results in fewer sepsis-related pouch excisions, in our hands, than the handsewn technique technique, for treating patients with ulcerative colitis. | yes |
8,615,974 | Do neuroectodermal antigens persist in benign and malignant salivary gland tumor cultures? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether a heterogeneous collection of salivary gland tumors shared common antigenic characteristics and growth patterns in tissue culture.",
"Cell cultures were derived from benign and malignant salivary gland neoplasms, cultured conservatively, and serially analyzed for epitheli... | This model cell system containing proliferative cells from several tumor types is consistent with a stem-cell theory of salivary gland tumor origin. Our data were not consistent with the bicellular or multicellular theory. We hypothesize a neuroectodermal origin for this group of apparently heterogeneous tumors. These ... | yes |
8,614,957 | Is the RoHar antigenic complex associated with a limited number of D epitopes and alloanti-D production : a study of three unrelated persons and their families? | {
"contexts": [
"the RoHar antigenic complex has been characterized serologically by difficulties in D typing, weak e expression, lack of G antigen, presence of Rh33, a low-frequency Rh antigen, and, more recently, a second low-frequency antigen, FPTT. Allocation to one of the partial D catagories was not conside... | The finding of alloanti-D in an RoHar r person supports the concept that the D characteristic of this phenotype is a partial D antigen, which is consistent with the presence of the limited number of D epitopes found in epitope mapping. As has been suggested for other partial D antigens, RoHar individuals should be rega... | yes |
8,613,054 | Does fat-induced ileal brake in the dog depend on peptide YY? | {
"contexts": [
"Fat in the distal gut inhibits transit through the proximal small intestine as the ileal brake. Although the mediator of this response is not established, peptide YY (PYY) has been considered the most likely peptide candidate because inhibition of intestinal motility by fat in the distal gut corr... | Fat-induced ileal brake depends on PYY. | yes |
8,613,055 | Is primary sclerosing cholangitis associated with nonsmoking : a case-control study? | {
"contexts": [
"Cigarette smoking is thought to protect against the development of ulcerative colitis. The relationship between a related disease, primary sclerosing cholangitis, and smoking is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine if the relationship between smoking and sclerosing cholangitis is simil... | The odds of having primary sclerosing cholangitis was significantly decreased among current smokers. Concomitant ulcerative colitis does not fully explain the association between nonsmoking and primary sclerosing cholangitis. Smoking may exert its protective effect in a systemic, rather than colonic, manner. | yes |
8,630,877 | Are p53 mutation and MDM2 amplification rare even in human papillomavirus-negative cervical carcinomas? | {
"contexts": [
"Mutation of the p53 tumor suppressor gene is the most commonly found genetic alteration in human cancer. The E6 gene product of human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 and 18 can inactivate the p53 protein by promoting its degradation. Because most HPV-positive cervical carcinoma cell lines contain wild-ty... | In contrast to data derived from cultured cervical carcinoma cell lines and primary sarcomas, these results indicate that p53 mutation and amplification of the MDM2 oncogene are rare even in HPV-negative primary cervical carcinomas. However, to the authors; knowledge, this is the first observation of MDM2 amplification... | yes |
8,617,705 | Does sertraline alter the beta-adrenergic blocking activity of atenolol in healthy male volunteers? | {
"contexts": [
"A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, crossover study was conducted to determine the effect of sertraline on the beta-adrenergic blocking activity of atenolol in 10 healthy male volunteers.",
"To assess the existence of any possible pharmacodynamic interaction between sertraline and... | The results of this study demonstrate that sertraline does not alter the beta-blocking activity of atenolol. | no |
8,624,012 | Does concurrent spinal infusion of MK801 block spinal tolerance and dependence induced by chronic intrathecal morphine in the rat? | {
"contexts": [
"MK801, an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, has recently been reported to attenuate tolerance to, and withdrawal from morphine. This study analyzes tolerance and withdrawal in a chronic intrathecal coinfusion model of morphine and MK801.",
"Intrathecal catheters, attached to 7-day min... | Chronic spinal MK801 attenuates tolerance to, and withdrawal from spinal morphine in a dose-dependent fashion, supporting the hypothesis that N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activity plays a role in the reorganization of spinal function produced by chronic opioid receptor activation. Chronic intrathecal MK801 appears to ... | yes |
8,614,032 | Is prostaglandin E2 production by endotoxin-stimulated alveolar macrophages regulated by phospholipase C pathways? | {
"contexts": [
"Eicosanoids play an important role in many aspects of systemic inflammatory responses and host defense. Although the synthesis of eicosanoids by different enzymes has been elucidated, the regulatory mechanism of eicosanoid production is not clear. We designed this study to investigate the hypothe... | PGE2 production is intimately dependent on several phospholipases. Production is not only dependent on low-molecular-weight PLA2 cleavage of arachidonic acid from membrane phospholipids, but also by-products of PLC activation. PLC-dependent intracellular Ca-calmodulin signaling and protein kinase C activation provide s... | yes |
8,623,804 | Does peripheral joint laxity increases in pregnancy but correlate with serum relaxin levels? | {
"contexts": [
"Our purpose was to evaluate peripheral joint laxity during pregnancy and to determine whether serum relaxin levels are associated with increased joint laxity.",
"A prospective observational study was performed.",
"A significant increase in joint laxity was found in five of seven periphera... | Peripheral joint laxity is noted to increase as pregnancy progresses. The cause of this change is undetermined. | no |
8,623,803 | Does transferrin increase adherence of iron-deprived Neisseria gonorrhoeae to human endometrial cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Our purpose was to study the effects of iron deprivation with and without human transferrin supplementation on the adherence and invasion of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to human endometrial cells.",
"N. gonorrhoeae grown with our without iron was placed in media alone or media containing 2.5 mg/ml ... | Iron and transferrin increased attachment of N. gonorrhoeae to human endometrial cells. | yes |
8,623,122 | Does recovery of apparent diffusion coefficient after ischemia-induced spreading depression relate to cerebral perfusion gradient? | {
"contexts": [
"Transient decreases of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of water as measured by fast diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the ischemic border zone are thought to reflect cellular swelling associated with spreading depression. DWI and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI were applied to study the ... | The variation in the recovery time of transient ADC decreases in the ischemic periphery reflects the gradient of the tissue perfusion. Severely delayed recovery time after spreading depression is thought to represent the ischemic penumbra. | yes |
8,614,923 | Is cigarette smoking correlated with the periventricular hyperintensity grade of brain magnetic resonance imaging? | {
"contexts": [
"A new studies have observed a significant inverse correlation between cigarette smoking or lipid abnormalities and periventricular hyperintensities (PVHs) on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the brain, which is surprising because smoking and hyperlipidemia are considered risk... | Cigarette smoking was a weak but significant positive predictor of the PVH score and was independent of age, hypertension, and antihypertensive treatment. Lipid abnormalities were not related to the PVH score. | yes |
8,616,653 | Does gastric intramucosal pH predict outcome after surgery for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm? | {
"contexts": [
"The mortality associated with repair of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (RAAA) remains obstinately high and many deaths result from multiple organ failure which is likely to be related to splanchnic ischaemia. The aim of this study is to investigate the importance of splanchnic ischaemia in d... | Gastric intramucosal pH is the most reliable indicator of adequacy of tissue oxygenation in patients with RAAA, suggesting that splanchnic ischaemia may have played an important role in determining survival. | yes |
8,633,830 | Does growth hormone replacement in healthy older men improve body composition but not functional ability? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether growth hormone replacement in older men improves functional ability.",
"Randomized, controlled, double-blind trial.",
"General community.",
"52 healthy men older than 69 years of age with well-preserved functional ability but low baseline insulin-like growth facto... | Physiologic doses of growth hormone given for 6 months to healthy older men with well-preserved functional abilities increased lean tissue mass and decreased fat mass. Although body composition improved with growth hormone use, functional ability did not improve. Side effects occurred frequently. | yes |
8,633,673 | Is conization for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia followed by disappearance of human papillomavirus deoxyribonucleic acid and a decline in serum and cervical mucus antibodies against human papillomavirus antigens? | {
"contexts": [
"Our purpose was to investigate whether conization for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia eliminates human papillomavirus deoxyribonucleic acid and effects the levels of serum and cervical mucus antibodies against human papillomavirus antigens.",
"Analysis of paired cervical brush and serum sa... | Human papillomavirus deoxyribonucleic acid was regularly eliminated and human papillomavirus antibody levels, especially local immunoglobulin A, declined after efficient treatment, suggesting that conization may be effective for treating the underlying human papillomavirus infection. | yes |
8,630,720 | Does fluticasone propionate improve quality of life in patients with asthma requiring oral corticosteroids? | {
"contexts": [
"Fluticasone propionate is a potent inhaled corticosteroid that is effective in improving pulmonary function and symptoms in patients with asthma.",
"To evaluate the effects of fluticasone propionate on quality of life in patients with severe asthma requiring oral corticosteroids.",
"A tot... | Health-related quality of life improved in patients with severe asthma following 16 weeks of treatment with fluticasone propionate, 1000 micrograms bid. These improvements were maintained during subsequent fluticasone propionate treatment over a 1-year period. | yes |
8,635,929 | Do young patients with prostate cancer have an outcome justifying their treatment with external beam radiation? | {
"contexts": [
"The majority of young patients with early stage prostate cancer in the United States are treated with radical prostatectomy. To determine whether this preference for surgical care is justified, we analyzed by patient age the survival without biochemical evidence of disease (bNED) of men with clin... | Our results using strict biochemical endpoints are comparable to reported series of similarly staged men treated with prostatectomy. In addition, the patient age of less than 65 is not a prognostic factor for worse outcome after radiation therapy. Young patients with clinically organ-confined prostate cancer who are fu... | yes |
8,622,015 | Is irinotecan an active agent in untreated patients with metastatic colorectal cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the response rate, survival, and toxicity of the new anticancer agent, irinotecan (CPT-11), in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer.",
"Forty-one chemotherapy-naive patients with measurable metastatic colorectal cancer were treated with a 90-minute infusion of irinotecan... | Irinotecan has activity in the treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Strict adherence to an antidiarrheal regimen of diphenhydramine/loperamide significantly reduced the incidence of diarrhea; the agent was thereafter well tolerated in the majority of patients. | yes |
8,612,108 | Is glomerular dysfunction in the aging Fischer 344 rat associated with excessive growth and normal mesangial cell function? | {
"contexts": [
"Fischer 344 (F344) rats display focal and diffuse glomerulosclerosis with aging postulated to result from loss of normal mesangial cell intrinsic function, e.g., vasoactive hormone signaling, or preservation of normal responsiveness to extrinsic growth factors.",
"In 3-, 17-, and 24-month-old... | In the Fischer 344 rat, mesangial cell Ca2+ signaling, contraction, and proliferation responsiveness are unchanged with aging. Continued growth is associated with the glomerulosclerosis of aging. | yes |
8,622,301 | Is reexploration for bleeding a risk factor for adverse outcomes after cardiac operations? | {
"contexts": [
"Although previous studies have included early reexploration for bleeding as a risk factor in analyzing adverse outcomes after cardiac operations, reexploration for bleeding has not been systematically examined as a multivariate risk factor for increased morbidity and mortality after cardiac surge... | These data indicate that meticulous attention to surgical hemostasis and possibly application of recently developed modalities designed to facilitate perioperative correction of coagulopathy could improve outcomes after cardiac operations. | yes |
8,612,405 | Is pyruvate dehydrogenase inactivity responsible for sepsis-induced insulin resistance? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase with dichloroacetate can reverse sepsis-induced insulin resistance in humans or rats.",
"Prospective, controlled study.",
"Intensive care unit (ICU) and laboratory at a university medical center.",
"Nine patients were admitted ... | Activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase with dichloroacetate does not ameliorate the impairment of whole-body, insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in septic humans or rats, or reverse the specific defect in insulin-mediated skeletal muscle glucose uptake by septic rats. Therefore, the decreased pyruvate dehydrogenase activi... | no |
8,619,189 | Are vascular endothelial growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor potential angiogenic and metastatic factors in human breast cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Angiogenesis is a prerequisite for tumor growth and metastasis. Tumor angiogenesis may be mediated by several angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), transforming growth factor-alpha, and basic fibroblast growth factor.",
"D... | Expression of VEGF and PDGF mRNAs detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction in breast tumors correlates with tumor-related characteristics of angiogenesis and metastatic potential. Analysis of these mRNAs by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction may be useful for assessing the biologic behav... | yes |
8,613,044 | Does linkage analysis identify gene carriers among members of families with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Uncertainty about genetic risk in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) may lead to unnecessary screening. The aims of this study were to show how gene linkage findings can elucidate who is at risk and requires intensive screening and how cancer control can be enhanced by screening hi... | Linkage analysis can differentiate gene carriers from non carriers. Colorectal cancer screening should be restricted to gene carriers. | yes |
8,613,041 | Do cholecystokinin-A receptors modulate gastric sensory and motor responses to gastric distension and duodenal lipid? | {
"contexts": [
"The combination of duodenal lipid and gastric distention induces meal-like fullness followed by nausea in healthy subjects. The aim of this study was to assess the role of cholecystokinin (CCK) A receptors in these changes using a CCK-A antagonist loxiglumide.",
"Twelve healthy subjects were ... | CCK-A receptors are involved in the induction of meal-like fullness and nausea associated with intraduodenal lipid and gastric distention. | yes |
8,613,048 | Does bacteroides fragilis enterotoxin modulate epithelial permeability and bacterial internalization by HT-29 enterocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis has been associated with diarrheal disease, and the enterotoxin has a cytopathic effect on cultured HT-29 enterocytes. Experiments were designed to determine the effect of B. fragilis enterotoxin on bacteria-enterocyte interactions.",
"Confluent HT-29 ente... | B. fragilis enterotoxin was associated with HT-29 cell rounding and with augmented internalization of selected strains of enteric bacteria that were preferentially adherent on the exposed enterocyte lateral surface. | yes |
8,630,120 | Do thallium perfusion defects predict subsequent cardiac dysfunction in patients with systemic sclerosis? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the significance of thallium perfusion defects in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc).",
"This is a followup study of a series of 48 SSc patients who underwent thallium perfusion scans in the early 1980s. Their cardiac history and survival information over the last 10 years we... | We conclude that patients with SSc who have significant thallium perfusion defects are at a significantly increased risk of developing subsequent cardiac disease or death. | yes |
8,639,036 | Does impulsive aggression in personality disorder correlate with tritiated paroxetine binding in the platelet? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine the relationship between binding parameters of the platelet central serotonergic (5-HT) transporter and measures of aggression and impulsivity in adult human subjects.",
"Maximal number of platelet tritiated paroxetine binding sites (Bmax) and dissociation constant (Kd) values were... | Reduced numbers of platelet 5-HT transporter sites may covary with life history of aggressive behavior in patients with personality disorder. This may represent another abnormality in 5-HT function in individuals with personality disorder and aggressive behavior. | yes |
8,632,290 | Is the outcome for children with blunt trauma best at a pediatric trauma center? | {
"contexts": [
"The mortality rate for pediatric trauma patients cared for in adult trauma centers has been shown, by means of TRISS methodology, not to differ significantly from that of the Major Trauma Outcome Study (MTOS). The question remains, however, whether the outcome of injured children is better in a d... | Children with BT have a significantly better outcome at a DPTC; the outcome for children with PT does not differ. Successful nonoperative treatment of blunt abdominal injuries is more likely to occur at a DPTC than at adult trauma centers "with pediatric committment." Thus, children with blunt injuries should be taken ... | yes |
8,620,728 | Does volume expansion increase right ventricular infarct size in dogs by reducing collateral perfusion? | {
"contexts": [
"Plasma volume expansion is frequently recommended to correct the low output state resulting from right ventricular (RV) infarction. However, any subsequent increase in pericardial and RV filling pressures from volume expansion could impair RV collateral blood flow. We examined whether volume expa... | Volume expansion preserved stroke volume during RV ischemia, independent of pericardial integrity. However, volume expansion in animals with an intact pericardium increased RV infarct size by twofold to threefold secondary to reduced periischemic collateral perfusion. This detrimental effect of volume expansion on infa... | yes |
8,636,568 | Does preconditioning prevent postischemic dysfunction in aging heart? | {
"contexts": [
"This study was performed to investigate the effect of single or multiple brief periods of ischemia and the administration of exogenous norepinephrine before a more prolonged ischemic period and after reperfusion in adult and senescent isolated and perfused rat hearts.",
"The mortality rate fo... | Preconditioning transient ischemic stimulus significantly reduces postischemic dysfunction in adult but not in senescent hearts, whereas exogenous norepinephrine is able to mimic preconditioning in both adult and senescent hearts. Ischemic preconditioning induces an increase in norepinephrine release in adult but not i... | no |
8,611,127 | Does prolonged survival follow resection of oesophageal SCC downstaged by prior chemoradiotherapy? | {
"contexts": [
"The poor survival rate of surgically treated patients with oesophageal cancer has not improved substantially over the last 25 years, but combined modality therapy has shown early promising results.",
"A prospective study was undertaken to determine the effect of pre-operative synchronous chem... | For squamous oesophageal tumours deep to the submucosa this is an extremely good survival. For the present, this form of therapy for SCC of the oesophagus appears capable of achieving results comparable to, or better than, those reported for 3-field lymphadenectomy. | yes |
8,625,058 | Do nonrandom chromosome breakpoints at Xq26 and 2q33 characterize cemento-ossifying fibromas of the orbit? | {
"contexts": [
"Cytogenetic reports of histologically benign fibroosseous lesions are rare, with only nine previously reported cases. None of these previous studies revealed consistent numerical or structural chromosome aberrations, and to the authors' knowledge, no karyotypic abnormalities in cemento-ossifying ... | The authors described new nonrandom breakpoints in fibroosseous lesions of the orbit, which can result from at least two different types of structural chromosomal aberrations. The identification of recurring breakpoints at Xq26 and 2q33 provides a new cytogenetic tumor marker for the identification of this tumor subtyp... | yes |
8,637,107 | Does anti-CD 18 monoclonal antibody slow experimental aortic aneurysm expansion? | {
"contexts": [
"Inflammation has been implicated as a contributing factor in the expansion of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). To test this hypothesis, we examined the effects of a monoclonal antibody (MAB) to the leukocyte CD18 adhesion molecule on the expansion of experimental AAA.",
"Aneurysms were induc... | Treatment with anti-CD18 monoclonal antibody slows the expansion of AAA in this experimental model. The associated inflammatory process at day 14, as indicated by monocyte infiltration, is reduced, but this effect may be opposed by the presence of hypertension. Further evaluation of the role of leukocytes and adhesion ... | yes |
8,634,009 | Does incidence and correlate of tardive dyskinesia in first episode of schizophrenia? | {
"contexts": [
"There is controversy over whether tardive dyskinesia (TD) is solely a consequence of antipsychotic drug treatment or in part may reflect an intrinsic aspect of the disease process. Pathophysiologic factors could, independently or in concert with drug effects, lead to the development of dyskinetic... | Poor response to the treatment of a first episode of psychosis and, to a lesser extent, antipsychotic drug dose are important factors in the development of TD. This suggests that there may be a disease-related vulnerability to TD manifest with antipsychotic drug exposure. Potential pathophysiologic factors might includ... | yes |
8,624,065 | Is heart transplantation associated with an increased risk for pancreaticobiliary disease? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the risk factors for and the incidence, morbidity, mortality, and outcome of pancreaticobiliary disease in patients who have had orthotopic heart transplantation.",
"Retrospective case-control analysis.",
"University hospital-based heart transplantation center.",
"20 case... | Pancreaticobiliary disease occurs 17.4 times (95% CI, 9.2 to 32.7 times) more frequently in patients receiving transplants than in the general population. It is a seldom recognized but apparently common complication of orthotopic heart transplantation that results in substantial morbidity and health care resource use. ... | yes |
8,619,190 | Does fluid resuscitation with deferoxamine hetastarch complex attenuate the lung and systemic response to smoke inhalation? | {
"contexts": [
"We determined the effect of infusing the iron chelator deferoxamine complexed to hetastarch on the degree of lung dysfunction and systemic abnormalities produced by a severe smoke exposure.",
"Adult sheep were given a smoke exposure under anesthesia that produced a peak carboxyhemoglobin betw... | An iron chelator deferoxamine complexed to hetastarch, given after a severe smoke exposure, significantly attenuates the airway and the systemic inflammatory (oxidant) injury, indicating free iron release and subsequent increased oxidant activity to be a major etiologic factor. | yes |
8,627,880 | Is phenylacetate an inhibitor of prostatic growth and development in organ culture? | {
"contexts": [
"Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common proliferative disease affecting men, and the obstructive uropathy it causes results in serious morbidity and financial cost. Phenylacetate (PA) is a small molecule that is a product of phenylalanine metabolism and is normally present in the ma... | In common with earlier studies, we found that PA inhibits prostatic growth; however, in our organ culture system, differentiation was also largely inhibited. These studies indicate that there may be a role for PA in treating BPH or in elucidating the mechanism by which it occurs since BPH apparently involves the neofor... | yes |
8,623,821 | Does myometrial arginase activity increase with advancing pregnancy in the guinea pig? | {
"contexts": [
"Arginase has been suggested to play an important role in cellular growth and development, particularly important to the fetus, by supplying L-ornithine for the synthesis of polyamines. The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether pregnancy alters myometrial arginase activity and whe... | These studies demonstrate that pregnancy increases myometrial arginase activity and that the presence of placenta or fetus is necessary for the maximal effect. | yes |
8,612,848 | Does serum creatine kinase predict ectopic pregnancy? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the discriminatory ability of maternal serum creatine kinase (SCK) as a test for ectopic pregnancy (EP).",
"Serum creatine kinase concentrations were obtained prospectively from symptomatic patients being evaluated for early abnormal pregnancy. Serum creatine kinase concentrations... | Maternal SCK concentrations do not reliably predict EP. | no |
8,639,723 | Are changes in permeability of sheep 's lungs by oleic acid dose dependent? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate a two-isotope technique to detect graded changes in pulmonary microvascular permeability.",
"Open experimental study.",
"University hospital, Sweden.",
"Fifty-seven sheep.",
"Catherisation of one carotid artery, pulmonary artery and central vein. Control group 1 (n = 1... | The double-isotope technique of external monitoring of permeability changes to protein in the lungs was sensitive to pick up graded increments in leakage, related in a dose-dependent way to lung injury. | yes |
8,626,911 | Do ferric ammonium citrate-cellulose paste for opacification of the esophageal lumen on MRI? | {
"contexts": [
"A new ferric ammonium citrate-cellulose mixture for use in MRI of the esophagus was evaluated for its ability to opacify the esophageal lumen.",
"Thirty-two patients with esophageal disorders and ten patients with normal esophagus undergoing MRI at 1.5 T were given approximately 100 ml of the... | The results indicate that this product effectively opacifies the esophageal lumen in the majority of patients. We found that it is easy to use, is well tolerated, and does not produce artifacts. | yes |
8,628,561 | Does effects of diclofenac eye drop on corneal epithelial structure and function after small-incision cataract surgery? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate prospectively the effect of diclofenac sodium (DfNa) eye drops on corneal epithelial structure and function.",
"Seventeen patients with bilateral age-related cataract undergoing phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation were studied prospectively. After th... | Administration of DfNa eye drops did not cause significant abnormalities in the corneal epithelial structure or function of patients who had undergone small-incision cataract surgery. Their safety for use in procedures such as excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy remains to be established. | yes |
8,619,751 | Do kikuchi 's histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis associated with ruptured silicone breast implant? | {
"contexts": [
"In this report we explore the relationship between Kikuchi's necrotizing lymphadenitis (Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease, KD) and a leaky silicone breast implant.",
"The simultaneous occurrence of KD and silicone lymphadenopathy in an axillary lymph node of a patient with a leaking silicone breast im... | Our findings indicate that silicone compounds may be associated with transient abnormal immune reactions and lend further support to the hypothesis that KD represents an exuberant T-cell-mediated immune response to a variety of nonspecific stimuli. | yes |
8,624,148 | Does topical tretinoin ( retinoic acid ) improve early stretch marks? | {
"contexts": [
"Stretch marks are disfiguring lesions usually caused by excessive stretching of skin. We investigated the response of early, clinically active stretch marks to topical 0.1% tretinoin (retinoic acid) cream. In a double-blind, randomized, vehicle-controlled study, 22 patients applied either 0.1% tr... | Topical application of tretinoin significantly improves the clinical appearance of early, active stretch marks. The processes that are responsible for the clinical improvement remain unknown. | yes |
8,637,069 | Is serum lactate predicted by anion gap or base excess after trauma resuscitation? | {
"contexts": [
"The inability to normalize lactate predicts death after trauma, but lactate may not be immediately available in every center. We postulated that, in a normal acid-base environment, lactate would correlate with the anion gap and the base excess of an arterial blood gas.",
"We studied 52 consec... | There is no correlation between lactate, base excess, and anion gap after initial resuscitation. Neither anion gap nor base excess was capable of predicting lactate; therefore, lactate must be directly measured. The lack of correlation of anion gap with base excess or lactate suggests the presence of unmeasured anions,... | no |
8,613,063 | Does tauroursodeoxycholic acid activate protein kinase C in isolated rat hepatocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) improves liver function in patients with chronic cholestatic liver diseases by an unknown mechanism. UDCA is conjugated to taurine in vivo, and tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) is a potent hepatocellular Ca2+ agonist and stimulates biliary exocytosis and hepatocellula... | TUDCA might stimulate Ca(2+)-dependent hepatocellular exocytosis into bile in part by activation of alpha-PKC. | yes |
8,613,061 | Does glycine prevent alcohol-induced liver injury by decreasing alcohol in the rat stomach? | {
"contexts": [
"Inactivation of Kupffer cells prevents alcohol-induced liver injury, and hypoxia subsequent to a hypermetabolic state caused by activated Kupffer cells probably is involved in the mechanism. Glycine is known to prevent hepatic reperfusion injury. The purpose of this study was to determine whether... | Glycine minimizes alcohol-induced liver injury in vivo by preventing ethanol from reaching the liver by activating first-pass metabolism in the stomach. | yes |
8,623,814 | Does mechanical stress eliminate the effects of plasma from patients with preeclampsia on endothelial cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Our purpose was to determine whether mechanical deformation alters in vitro effects of plasma from patients with preeclampsia on endothelial cell function to produce a paradigm similar to the in vivo disease state.",
"The effects of 2% plasma from 12 patients with preeclampsia and 12 normal p... | Shear stress alters the effects of plasma on endothelial cells. This is an important caveat in the interpretation of previous static in vitro culture studies and may partially explain the dichotomy between in vitro studies and in vivo findings in preeclampsia. | yes |
8,612,857 | Does high-dose human menopausal gonadotropin stimulation in poor responders improve in vitro fertilization outcome? | {
"contexts": [
"To study the outcome in poor responders to three ampules (225 IU) of hMG per day in subsequent IVF treatment cycles in which six ampules (450 IU)of hMG per day were administered.",
"Retrospective chart review.",
"Academic tertiary center.",
"Between January 1988 and May 1995, 126 poor... | Poor responders do not benefit from high-dose hMG stimulation; their reproduction outcome is poor. | no |
8,612,858 | Is midluteal buserelin superior to early follicular phase buserelin in combined gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog and gonadotropin stimulation in in vitro fertilization? | {
"contexts": [
"To establish whether time to down-regulation and pregnancy and live birth rates were different when buserelin acetate was started in the midluteal phase or early follicular phase in IVF-ET patients.",
"Prospective, controlled, randomized, parallel-group multicenter clinical study.",
"Wome... | Clinical pregnancy and live birth rates are better when buserelin acetate is started in the midluteal phase rather than the early follicle phase before hMG and hCG stimulation in preparation for IVF-ET. | yes |
8,631,641 | Is lipopolysaccharide outer core a ligand for corneal cell binding and ingestion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa? | {
"contexts": [
"Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been observed to be adherent to and inside epithelial cells during experimental corneal infection. The authors identified bacterial ligands involved in adherence and entry of P. aeruginosa into corneal epithelial cells.",
"In vitro gentamicin survival assays were us... | Corneal epithelial cells bind and internalized P. aeruginosa by the exposed LPS core. | yes |
8,621,872 | Are salt taste perceptions and preferences unrelated to sodium consumption in healthy older adults? | {
"contexts": [
"Age-related deficits in salt taste perception are said to increase preferences for salty foods, thereby leading potentially to greater sodium consumption. This study examined the link between salt taste perceptions and preferences and sodium intakes as a function of age and gender.",
"We stud... | Salt taste perceptions and preferences were unrelated to sodium intakes in young adults and in older respondents. Factors other than taste may influence dietary sodium consumption. | yes |
8,619,214 | Are overexpression of p53 protein and DNA content important biologic prognostic factors for thyroid cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Many factors gave been reported to be of prognostic importance for thyroid cancer. Biologic aggressiveness may influence postoperative recurrences and the prognosis of thyroid cancer. Immunohistochemical staining for the p53 protein and DNA content are novel factors that suggest biologic aggressi... | Both positive staining for the p53 protein and DNA ploidy, which suggest biologic aggressiveness, are independent prognostic factors for overall survival of patients with thyroid cancer, Examination of these biologic factors may provide new information regarding postoperative recurrences and the prognosis of thyroid ca... | yes |
8,633,496 | Are impaired small intestinal peristaltic reflexes and sensory thresholds independent functional disturbances in patients with chronic unexplained dyspepsia? | {
"contexts": [
"To study disturbances of gastrointestinal motility and afferent (sensory) dysfunction in functional (unexplained) dyspepsia, and the interrelationships between motility and sensory dysfunction.",
"Twelve patients with functional dyspepsia and 12 controls matched for age and gender were studie... | Disturbed peristaltic reflexes and decreased sensory thresholds for perception of intestinal sensations are prevalent but may be independent abnormalities in patients with unexplained dyspepsia. | yes |
8,633,498 | Is alcoholism associated with hepatitis C but not hepatitis B in an urban population? | {
"contexts": [
"Previous studies have suggested an association of viral hepatitis with alcoholism, although the role of confounding risk factors (e.g. i.v. drug use) has not been adequately excluded. We therefore compared the seroprevalences of hepatitis B and C in alcoholic patients to that of a nonalcoholic co... | The increased seroprevalence of hepatitis C in actively drinking alcoholic patients without known risk factors suggests that alcoholism, in some way, is a predisposing factor for HCV infection. | yes |
8,633,511 | Does selective blockade of cholecystokinin type B receptors with L-365,260 impair gallbladder contraction in normal humans? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the effect of selective blockade of type B cholecystokinin receptors on gall bladder contraction in normal humans and to compare methods for quantitative analysis of gall bladder contraction.",
"L-365,260, a novel, nonpeptide cholecystokinin antagonist shown to be selective for ty... | Multiple oral doses of L-365,260 do not alter ultrasonographically assessed gallbladder contraction at doses shown to be clinically effective in earlier studies. Despite being more difficult to implement, the sum of cylinders method for estimating gall bladder size offers no advantage over the ellipsoid method. | no |
8,639,087 | Do hyalocytes synthesize and secrete inhibitors of retinal pigment epithelial cell proliferation in vitro? | {
"contexts": [
"Retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells that enter the vitreous in pathologic conditions, such as retinal detachment, may proliferate and contribute to the formation of epiretinal membranes.",
"To study whether hyalocytes, endogenous vitreous cells, play a role in modulating the proliferation ... | Hyalocyte-conditioned medium inhibits RPE cell proliferation in vitro through TGF-beta and at least one other molecule. Production of these factors by hyalocytes in vivo could provide a deterrent for epiretinal membrane formation that may be perturbed under pathologic conditions. | yes |
8,639,086 | Does interferon alfa induce leukocyte capillary trapping in rat retinal microcirculation? | {
"contexts": [
"Interferon alfa has been suggested as a possible treatment for choroidal neovascularization. However, retinal complications following interferon therapy have been reported.",
"To evaluate the effects of interferon alfa on leukocyte dynamics in the rat retinal microcirculation.",
"Interfer... | Interferon alfa increased leukocyte adherence to vascular endothelium and subsequent leukocyte trapping in the retinal capillaries. Interferon alfa may activate leukocytes, and activated leukocytes may be involved in the pathogenesis of microinfarction associated with interferon-induced retinopathy. | yes |
8,612,861 | Do elevated progesterone levels in the late follicular phase predict success of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine the effects of subtle elevation in P levels in late follicular phase on the outcome of IVF-ET cycles, using GnRH agonist (GnRH-a) and hMG +/- FSH protocol.",
"A retrospective analysis of data.",
"Fifty-four patients who completed 63 IVF-ET cycles were treated with midluteal GnR... | We conclude that in IVF-ET cycles, when pretreated with GnRH-a, P levels may increase on the day of hCG administration despite LH suppression and such elevation may not affect adversely the final outcome. | no |
8,635,376 | Do inhaled corticosteroids prevent the development of tolerance to the bronchoprotective effect of salmeterol? | {
"contexts": [
"Twice-daily inhaled salmeterol produces rapid reduction in its acute bronchoprotective effect against methacholine in patients with mild asthma. This investigation examined this effect in patients with moderate asthma who were using inhaled corticosteroids.",
"Eight asthmatic volunteers who r... | Tolerance to the acute bronchoprotective effect of salmeterol was significant after the first two doses and persisted after the seventh dose. Tolerance to the acute bronchoprotective effect of salbutamol was also significant after regular use of salmeterol for seven doses. These effects, in subjects using inhaled corti... | no |
8,624,432 | Do human follicular fluid and mouse cumulus cells act synergistically to enhance preimplantation mouse Balb/cJ embryo development? | {
"contexts": [
"The development of preimplantation mammalian embryos in vitro is less than optimal. Follicular fluid and cumulus cells have both been used, independently, to improve preimplantation embryo quality in culture.",
"To determine the ability of mouse cumulus cell coculture in the presence of human... | Cumulus cells and follicular fluid have a positive synergistic affect on preimplantation mouse Balb/cJ embryo development and formation in vitro. | yes |
8,631,636 | Is human trabecular meshwork cell survival dependent on perfusion rate? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether suppression of flow may be detrimental to trabecular cell survival and to the morphologic characteristics of the trabecular meshwork.",
"The anterior segments of normal human eye bank eyes were placed in perfusion organ culture. The effect of various perfusion rates of cu... | A minimum perfusion rate of 1 microliter/minute is required for trabecular cell survival in perfusion organ culture. Constant pressure perfusion of medium is unsuccessful in maintaining trabecular cells in long-term culture if low perfusion rates occur. Constant flow appears to mimic the in vivo situation more closely. | yes |
8,620,713 | Does bronchodilator response at low lung volumes predict bronchiolitis obliterans in lung transplant recipients? | {
"contexts": [
"Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) is the major obstacle to long-term lung allograft viability. The diagnosis often occurs after significant organ dysfunction is present, and BOS is often unresponsive to standard immunosuppressive agents. We have observed bronchodilator responses (BRs) at lo... | BR appears to be useful as an early marker of BOS. The development of BR in selected patients should lead to closer monitoring and possibly a trial of augmented immunosuppression to arrest the establishment of BOS. | yes |
8,634,049 | Is smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation enhanced in abdominal aortic aneurysms? | {
"contexts": [
"The aetiology of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) is as yet undetermined. Smooth muscle cells (SMC) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of AAA as a result of their ability to produce elastin degrading proteases. The present study was undertaken to examine AAA SMC and aortic occlusive disease... | From these data it is clear that there are intrinsic differences in cellular kinetics between SMC from the two disease states, supporting the hypothesis that AAA are not the result of atherosclerosis. | yes |
8,633,631 | Are myocardial and cerebral oxygen delivery adversely affected by cocaine administration to early-gestation fetal sheep? | {
"contexts": [
"Cocaine administration to near-term pregnant sheep causes fetal hypoxemia, but oxygen delivery to the heart and brain are preserved because of increased blood flow. We hypothesized that cocaine administration during earlier fetal gestation impairs oxygen delivery to the heart and brain.",
"Te... | Cerebral and myocardial oxygen delivery are unimpeded by maternal cocaine administration in 0.7 term gestation ovine fetuses. | no |
8,612,201 | Is detection of circulating tumor cells in colorectal cancer by immunobead-PCR a sensitive prognostic marker for relapse of disease? | {
"contexts": [
"Recurrent and metastatic carcinoma of the colorectum remains a major problem, with survival at 5 years post curative resection still only about 50%. Moreover, up to 30% of patients who present with early stage disease also relapse and die within 5 years, suggesting the presence of micrometastatic... | This study indicates that detection of circulating tumor cells perioperatively by immunobead-PCR provides a sensitive prognostic marker for recurrent and metastatic colorectal cancer. | yes |
8,635,127 | Is combined overexpression of urokinase , urokinase receptor , and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 associated with breast cancer progression : an immunohistochemical comparison of normal , benign , and malignant breast tissues? | {
"contexts": [
"A strong positive correlation exists between the breast cancer tissue content of either urokinase-plasminogen activator (uPA) or plasminogen activator, inhibitor type I (PAI-1), quantified in the tissue extracts by immunoassays, and the survival of patients with breast cancer. Furthermore, severa... | We showed that overexpression of uPAR, uPA, and its main inhibitor, PAI-1, is a constant feature of invasive ductal breast carcinomas. However, the expression of the above fibrinolytic reactants is not specific for breast cancer since positive staining for these molecules was frequently observed in benign breast lesion... | yes |
8,623,499 | Does the potent angioinhibin AGM-1470 stimulate normal but not human tumoral lymphocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"AGM-1470 is a newly synthesized molecule developed as an analog of the potent anti-angiogenic fumagillin. Its efficacy in restraining tumor growth in vivo and the absence of major side effects have already led to phase I clinical trials in patients with solid cancers. However, neither the exact m... | Our results demonstrate that AGM-1470 is ineffective on lymphoid tumor cell proliferation and could potentially be safely administered to lymphoma patients. | yes |
8,613,005 | Does increased blood hemoglobin attenuate splanchnic vasodilation in portal-hypertensive rats by nitric oxide inactivation? | {
"contexts": [
"Nitric oxide, which is quenched by hemoglobin, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of portal hypertension. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of increasing blood hemoglobin concentration by erythropoietin treatment on the gastrointestinal vasodilation associated with portal ... | Gastrointestinal vasodilation associated with portal hypertension can be attenuated by increasing blood hemoglobin concentration. Inactivation of overproduced NO by hemoglobin may account for this effect. | yes |
8,636,759 | Is loss of heterozygosity of the RB gene a poor prognostic factor in patients with osteosarcoma? | {
"contexts": [
"The usual therapy of osteosarcoma is neoadjuvant chemotherapy, followed by surgery, then by postoperative chemotherapy. There is no prognostic factor to predict, at diagnosis, the histologic response and final outcome. Inactivation of the retinoblastoma-susceptibility gene RB is associated with t... | RB gene LOH appears to be an early predictive feature for osteosarcomas that indicates a potential unfavorable outcome. RB LOH study might shortly help to identify high-risk patients earlier. If this is verified, therapy could then be adapted earlier to the individual's real risk of relapse. | yes |
8,616,946 | Is low-molecular-weight heparinoid orgaran more effective than aspirin in the prevention of venous thromboembolism after surgery for hip fracture? | {
"contexts": [
"The study objective was to determine the relative efficacy and safety of a low-molecular-weight heparinoid (Orgaran) compared with aspirin for the prevention of postoperative venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing surgery for fractured hips. A double-blind, randomized, controlled trial was... | This study demonstrates that Orgaran is significantly more efficacious than aspirin in preventing postoperative venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing surgery for fractured hips, with no evidence of any increase in hemorrhagic complications. | yes |
8,616,941 | Is persistent elevation of plasma insulin levels associated with increased cardiovascular risk in children and young adults . The Bogalusa Heart Study? | {
"contexts": [
"Hyperinsulinemia has been considered to be a potent cardiovascular risk factor. The present investigation examines persistently elevated fasting insulin levels from childhood to young adulthood and its influence on cardiovascular risk factors.",
"A longitudinal cohort was constructed from two... | Elevated insulin levels persist from childhood through young adulthood, resulting in a clinically relevant adverse cardiovascular risk profile in young adults. | yes |
8,618,643 | Are [ Regular vitamin A supplements safe for pregnant women who consume few liver products ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine how much vitamin A is consumed through liver and liver products by non-pregnant and pregnant women aged 16-50 years, and to determine the implications for the use of multivitamin products.",
"Secondary analysis on data from representative database Dutch National Food Consumption ... | Regular vitamin A supplements may be safely used by pregnant women who consume little or no liver or liver products. | yes |
8,625,189 | Are chromosomal abnormalities involving 11q13 associated with poor prognosis in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck? | {
"contexts": [
"In individual patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN), established prognostic factors do not satisfactorily predict clinical outcome. Although the karyotype is an independent prognostic factor in certain hematologic malignancies and solid tumors, no data have been repor... | The results suggest that in SCCHN the presence of a complex karyotype is associated with poor prognosis, particularly when 11q13 rearrangements are present. | yes |
8,630,968 | Is existential well-being an important determinant of quality of life . Evidence from the McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire? | {
"contexts": [
"The McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire (MQOL) is being developed to correct what we perceive to be a flaw in existing quality of life instruments: neglect of the existential domain.",
"This study reports the first use of MQOL for people with cancer at all phases of the disease, including th... | The hypothesis that the existential domain is important, especially to those patients with a life-threatening illness, is supported because multiple regression showed that the existential subscale is at least as important as any other subscale in predicting a single item scale measuring the overall quality of life and ... | yes |
8,611,079 | Does mononuclear cell line THP-1 internalize bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein by a non-receptor-mediated mechanism consistent with pinocytosis? | {
"contexts": [
"Bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) binds lipopolysaccharide and neutralizes its toxic effects in vitro and in endotoxemic animals. Our recent work identified physiologically significant interactions between BPI, lipopolysaccharide, and mononuclear cells.",
"To determine whethe... | Bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein is rapidly internalized by mononuclear cells in a nonspecific fashion not saturable at very high doses, which is consistent with pinocytosis. This process may represent a disposal mechanism for lipopolysaccharide in closed-space infections and may be partially responsible fo... | yes |
8,613,008 | Does liver damage in the rat induce hepatocyte stem cells from biliary epithelial cells? | {
"contexts": [
"When rat hepatocyte regeneration after partial hepatectomy is blocked by 2-acetylaminofluorene, a proliferation of biliary epithelia sends out ductules into the parenchyma. The ability of these neoductules to act as a significant progenitor compartment for hepatocytes is in dispute. This study ai... | Biliary epithelium is an effective and substantiative hepatocyte progenitor compartment under appropriate conditions. | yes |
8,611,133 | Does gastrin receptor antagonist CI-988 inhibit growth of human colon cancer in vivo and in vitro? | {
"contexts": [
"Whilst gastrin has been found to be trophic for some colorectal cancer cell lines, and gastrin receptor antagonists are able to block this phenomenon, their potency has been modest.",
"The effect of a new, potent and selective CCK B receptor antagonist, CI-988 on the growth of LoVo, a human c... | This was the first study in cancer with this potent gastrin receptor antagonist, CI-988. The results suggest that CI-988 may be of use in inhibiting the growth of colorectal cancer. | yes |
8,632,614 | Does intravesical electrical stimulation induce a prolonged decrease in micturition threshold volume in the rat? | {
"contexts": [
"Intravesical electrical stimulation (IVES) has been used clinically to treat patients with voiding disorders. The aim of the present experimental study was to obtain objective evidence of a modulation of the micturition reflex by intravesical electrical stimulation (IVES).",
"Forty-one female... | Intravesical electrical stimulation induced a prolonged modulation of the micturition reflex in anesthetized rats. The effect was due to activation of bladder mechanoreceptor afferents and remained long after the period of stimulation. It is proposed that the modulation was due to a prolonged enhancement of excitatory ... | yes |
25,986,101 | Does nonischemic Postoperative Seizure Increase Mortality After Cardiac Surgery? | {
"contexts": [
"Postoperative seizure (PS) is an infrequent, yet distressing, complication after cardiac surgery. We wished to determine the prognostic significance of these complicated neurologic events.",
"The Weill Cornell Medical College Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery database and the New York Stat... | When PS is associated with acute cerebrovascular accident, a significant increase in postoperative morbidity and mortality can be expected. However, in those with isolated PS (without evidence of new neurologic injury), perioperative mortality and morbidity are comparable to those without any neurologic complications. | no |
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