pubid int32 113k 27.9M | question stringlengths 17 664 | context dict | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k | final_decision stringclasses 2
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19,274,094 | Does speB of Streptococcus pyogenes differentially modulate antibacterial and receptor activating properties of human chemokines? | {
"contexts": [
"CXC chemokines are induced by inflammatory stimuli in epithelial cells and some, like MIG/CXCL9, IP-10/CXCL10 and I-TAC/CXCL11, are antibacterial for Streptococcus pyogenes.",
"SpeB from S. pyogenes degrades a wide range of chemokines (i.e. IP10/CXCL10, I-TAC/CXCL11, PF4/CXCL4, GROalpha/CXCL1... | SpeB destroys most of the signaling and antibacterial properties of chemokines expressed by an inflamed epithelium. The exception is CXCL9 that preserves its antibacterial activity after hydrolysis, emphasizing its role as a major antimicrobial on inflamed epithelium. | yes |
19,274,097 | Does contrast adaptation contribute to contrast-invariance of orientation tuning of primate V1 cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Studies in rodents and carnivores have shown that orientation tuning width of single neurons does not change when stimulus contrast is modified. However, in these studies, stimuli were presented for a relatively long duration (e. g., 4 seconds), making it possible that contrast adaptation contrib... | Orientation tuning does not appear to be contrast-invariant when briefly flashed stimuli vary in both contrast and orientation, but contrast adaptation partially restores contrast-invariance of orientation tuning. | yes |
19,272,161 | Does synthetic RGDS peptide attenuate lipopolysaccharide-induced pulmonary inflammation by inhibiting integrin signaled MAP kinase pathways? | {
"contexts": [
"Synthetic peptides containing the RGD sequence inhibit integrin-related functions in different cell systems. Here, we investigated the effects of synthetic Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (RGDS) peptide on key inflammatory responses to intratracheal (i.t.) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment and on the integrin s... | These results suggest that RGDS with high specificity for alphavintegrins attenuates inflammatory cascade during LPS-induced development of acute lung injury. | yes |
19,253,903 | Does eating concerns and media influence in an Irish adolescent context? | {
"contexts": [
"EPICA is the first large-scale Irish study of a school-going population examining the impact of media influences on eating attitudes.",
"Students were screened using the EAT-26, EDI-III and a study-specific questionnaire. A sub-sample of parents' views was included.",
"Three thousand and ... | Media portrayal of body weight and shape is correlated with eating psychopathology and may affect adolescents more than adults. School psycho-educational programmes and media policies are urgently needed to minimise any detrimental effect. | yes |
19,269,199 | Does presence of teratoma in orchiectomy specimen increase the need for postchemotherapy RPLND? | {
"contexts": [
"This study was carried out to evaluate the impact of the presence of teratomatous component in orchiectomy specimen on complete response rates to primary chemotherapy in a large series of patients with stage II nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT).",
"Chemotherapy was administered to 113 ... | Since teratomatous component in orchiectomy specimen is a predictor of teratoma in the residual retroperitoneal mass, it decreases the response rate to primary chemotherapy and increases the need for postchemotherapy retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) in metastatic NSGCT patients. | yes |
19,254,386 | Is early-cleavage a reliable predictor for embryo implantation in the GnRH agonist protocols but not in the GnRH antagonist protocols? | {
"contexts": [
"To test if early-cleavage was a strong predictor of pregnancy in patients receiving either a GnRH agonist long protocol or a GnRH antagonist protocol for in-vitro fertilization treatment (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).",
"This retrospective study included 534 patients under... | Early cleavage of zygote is not a reliable predictor for embryo implantation potential in using the GnRH antagonist protocol. Furthermore, the implantation rates between the GnRH agonist and GnRH antagonist groups were comparable. | yes |
19,254,388 | Are expression of excess receptors and negative feedback control of signal pathways required for rapid activation and prompt cessation of signal transduction? | {
"contexts": [
"Cellular signal transduction is initiated by the binding of extracellular ligands to membrane receptors. Receptors are often expressed in excess, and cells are activated when a small number of receptors bind ligands. Intracellular signal proteins are activated at a high level soon after ligand bi... | The present kinetic analysis revealed that excess receptors and negative feedback regulation promote activation and cessation of signal transduction with a low amount of extracellular ligand. | yes |
19,268,768 | Are improved outcomes associated with multilevel endovascular intervention involving the tibial vessels compared with isolated tibial intervention? | {
"contexts": [
"Endovascular intervention is increasingly accepted as an alternative to surgery for the treatment of tibial vessel disease. Tibial vessel disease can occur in isolation or in conjunction with disease that involves the proximal lower extremity vasculature (multilevel disease). This study evaluated... | Patency and limb salvage rates for endovascular treatment of tibial vessel disease in this study are comparable with prior reports and with historical surgical controls. Patients who undergo multilevel intervention involving the tibial vessels exhibit improved secondary patency compared with those who undergo intervent... | yes |
19,262,746 | Is diabetes an independent risk factor for severe nocturnal hypoxemia in obese patients . A case-control study? | {
"contexts": [
"Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity have become two of the main threats to public health in the Western world. In addition, obesity is the most important determinant of the sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (SAHS), a condition that adversely affects glucose metabolism. However, it is unknown ... | T2DM adversely affects breathing during sleep, becoming an independent risk factor for severe nocturnal hypoxemia in obese patients. Given that SAHS is a risk factor of cardiovascular disease, the screening for SAHS in T2DM patients seems mandatory. | yes |
19,246,469 | Is mDM2 309 polymorphism associated with missed abortion? | {
"contexts": [
"In this study, we assessed whether the single nucleotide polymorphism in the murine double minute 2 (MDM2) promoter (SNP309) was associated with the occurrence of missed abortion.",
"Genotyping of MDM2 SNP309 polymorphism was conducted by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length ... | The MDM2 SNP309 G/G genotype may be a genetic risk factor for missed abortion. | yes |
19,276,443 | Does recurrent antecedent hypoglycemia alter neuronal oxidative metabolism in vivo? | {
"contexts": [
"The objective of this study was to characterize the changes in brain metabolism caused by antecedent recurrent hypoglycemia under euglycemic and hypoglycemic conditions in a rat model and to test the hypothesis that recurrent hypoglycemia changes the brain's capacity to utilize different energy s... | Our findings suggest that after antecedent hypoglycemia, glucose utilization is increased at euglycemia and decreased after acute hypoglycemia, which was not the case in controls. These findings may help to identify better methods of preserving brain function and reducing injury during acute hypoglycemia. | yes |
19,246,037 | Do post-ERCP pancreatitis rates differ between needle-knife and pull-type pancreatic sphincterotomy techniques : a multiendoscopist 13-year experience? | {
"contexts": [
"Pancreatic sphincterotomy is one of several factors associated with an increased risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP). The needle-knife pancreatic sphincterotomy technique (NKS) is purported to result in less-frequent post-ERCP pancreatitis compared with a standard pull-type sphincterotomy (PTS).... | The risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis does not differ between EPS techniques when performed at a high-volume pancreaticobiliary referral center when using routine prophylactic pancreatic duct stent placement. | no |
19,246,030 | Does systemic propranolol act centrally to reduce conditioned fear in rats without impairing extinction? | {
"contexts": [
"Previous work has implicated noradrenergic beta-receptors in the consolidation and reconsolidation of conditioned fear. Less is known, however, about their role in fear expression and extinction. The beta-receptor blocker propranolol has been used clinically to reduce anxiety. With an auditory fe... | Propranolol reduced the expression of conditioned fear, without interfering with extinction learning. Reduced fear with intact extinction suggests a possible use for propranolol in reducing anxiety during extinction-based exposure therapies, without interfering with long-term clinical response. | yes |
19,267,891 | Is hAC stability in murine cells influenced by nuclear localization and chromatin organization? | {
"contexts": [
"Human artificial chromosomes (HAC) are small functional extrachromosomal elements, which segregate correctly during each cell division. In human cells, they are mitotically stable, however when the HAC are transferred to murine cells they show an increased and variable rate of loss. In some cell ... | This is a novel result indicating that HAC segregation is closely linked to the position in the murine nucleus and gives important insight for HAC gene expression studies in murine cells and establishing murine models of human genetic disease. | yes |
19,267,898 | Does scaffold Attachment Factor B1 ( SAFB1 ) heterozygosity influence Wnt-1 or DMBA-induced tumorigenesis? | {
"contexts": [
"Scaffold Attachment Factor B1 (SAFB1) is a multifunctional protein which has been implicated in breast cancer previously. We recently generated SAFB1 knockout mice (SAFB1-/-), but pleiotropic phenotypes including high lethality, dwarfism associated with low IGF-I levels, and infertility and subfe... | Our data show that SAFB1 heterozygosity does not influence Wnt-1 or DMBA-induced mammary tumorigenesis. | no |
19,267,899 | Does amino acid racemization reveal differential protein turnover in osteoarthritic articular and meniscal cartilages? | {
"contexts": [
"Certain amino acids within proteins have been reported to change from the L form to the D form over time. This process is known as racemization and is most likely to occur in long-lived low-turnover tissues such as normal cartilage. We hypothesized that diseased tissue, as found in an osteoarthri... | These data demonstrate comparable anabolic responses for non-lesioned OA articular cartilage and OA meniscal cartilage but an excess of catabolism over anabolism for the meniscal cartilage. | yes |
19,248,089 | Do interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibit chondrogenesis by human mesenchymal stem cells through NF-kappaB-dependent pathways? | {
"contexts": [
"The differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into chondrocytes provides an attractive basis for the repair and regeneration of articular cartilage. Under clinical conditions, chondrogenesis will often need to occur in the presence of mediators of inflammation produced in response to injur... | Cell-based repair of lesions in articular cartilage will be compromised in inflamed joints. Strategies for enabling repair under these conditions include the use of specific antagonists of individual pyrogens, such as IL-1beta and TNFalpha, or the targeting of important intracellular mediators, such as NF-kappaB. | yes |
19,268,938 | Is uterine adenomyosis associated with ultrastructural features of altered contractility in the inner myometrium? | {
"contexts": [
"To study the ultrastructure of the inner and outer myometrium, in the presence and absence of uterine adenomyosis.",
"Case control blinded comparison.",
"University departments.",
"Four premenopausal women with and six without uterine adenomyosis as the sole pathology.",
"Multiple... | Smooth muscle cells from uteri with adenomyosis are ultrastructurally different from smooth muscle cells of normal uteri. These distinct features suggest a possible effect on myometrial contractility, together with hypertrophy. | yes |
19,255,295 | Does appropriate use of nasal continuous positive airway pressure decrease elevated C-reactive protein in patients with obstructive sleep apnea? | {
"contexts": [
"C-reactive protein (CRP) is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, it has been reported that levels of CRP are increased in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The aim of this study was to examine the effects of long-term therapy with nasal continuous positive ... | Appropriate use of nCPAP in patients with OSA may be required to decrease elevated CRP levels, with possible implications for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. | yes |
19,250,365 | Do why women accept randomisation for place of birth : feasibility of a RCT in The Netherlands? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was to investigate why low-risk nulliparae were not willing to participate in a randomised controlled trial (RCT) of place of birth.",
"Prospective study.",
"The Netherlands.",
"All low-risk nulliparous women starting their pregnancy under midwife.",
"A q... | Factors that prevent randomisation for place of birth are difficult to influence. There is a need to explore why there is such certainty of view among women having their first child. Until we have an understanding of why women select information to make these choices and why women are reluctant to participate in trials... | no |
19,248,190 | Does aspirin increase susceptibility of Helicobacter pylori to metronidazole by augmenting endocellular concentrations of antimicrobials? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the mechanisms of aspirin increasing the susceptibility of Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) to metronidazole.",
"H pylori reference strain 26695 and two metronidazole-resistant isolates of H pylori were included in this study. Strains were incubated in Brucella broth with or with... | Although aspirin increases the susceptibility of H pylori to metronidazole, it has no effect on the mutations of rdxA gene of H pylori. Aspirin increases endocellular concentrations of antimicrobials probably by altering the OMP expression. | yes |
19,262,516 | Is endoscopy accurate , safe , and effective in the assessment and management of complications following gastric bypass surgery? | {
"contexts": [
"Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is a common intervention for morbid obesity. Upper gastrointestinal (UGI) symptoms are frequent and difficult to interpret following RYGB. The aim of our study was to examine the role of endoscopy in evaluating UGI symptoms after RYGB and to assess the safety and e... | Patients presenting with UGI symptoms less than 3 months after surgery are more likely to have an abnormal finding on endoscopy. Endoscopic balloon dilation is safe and effective in managing anastomotic strictures. Endoscopic scissors are safe and effective in removing unraveled, nonabsorbable sutures contributing to o... | yes |
19,262,513 | Are robustness assessments needed to reduce bias in meta-analyses that include zero-event randomized trials? | {
"contexts": [
"Meta-analysis of randomized trials with binary data can use a variety of statistical methods. Zero-event trials may create analytic problems. We explored how different methods may impact inferences from meta-analyses containing zero-event trials.",
"Five levels of statistical methods are iden... | The statistical method may influence the inference drawn from a meta-analysis that includes zero-event trials. Robustness assessments are needed to reduce bias in meta-analyses that include zero-event trials. | yes |
19,262,948 | Is low relative skeletal muscle mass indicative of sarcopenia associated with elevations in serum uric acid levels : findings from NHANES III? | {
"contexts": [
"Sarcopenia may be related to increases in reactive oxygen species formation and inflammation, both of which are associated with elevations in serum uric acid.",
"To test the hypothesis that a reduced skeletal muscle mass index, indicative of sarcopenia, is related to elevations in uric acid."... | This study design was limited in its cross-sectional nature. Potential selection, measurement, and recall bias may have occurred, and methodology used to classify sarcopenia status based on skeletal muscle mass index is not validated. | yes |
19,262,947 | Are low serum carotenoids associated with a decline in walking speed in older women? | {
"contexts": [
"Walking speed is an important measure of physical performance that is predictive of disability and mortality. The relationship of dietary factors to changes in physical performance has not been well characterized in older adults. The aim was to determine whether total serum carotenoid concentrati... | These findings suggest that a higher fruit and vegetable intake, as indicated by higher total serum carotenoid concentrations, may be protective against a decline in walking speed in older women. | yes |
19,265,549 | Are genes of cell-cell interactions , chemotherapy detoxification and apoptosis induced during chemotherapy of acute myeloid leukemia? | {
"contexts": [
"The molecular changes in vivo in acute myeloid leukemia cells early after start of conventional genotoxic chemotherapy are incompletely understood, and it is not known if early molecular modulations reflect clinical response.",
"The gene expression was examined by whole genome 44 k oligo micr... | Pre-apoptotic gene expression can be monitored within hours after start of chemotherapy in patients with acute myeloid leukemia, and may be useful in future determination of therapy responders. The low number of patients and the heterogeneity of acute myeloid leukemia limited the identification of gene expression predi... | yes |
19,267,100 | Does an unconventional cancer treatment lacking clinical efficacy remain available to Italian cancer patients? | {
"contexts": [
"An unconventional cancer treatment known as \"Di Bella multitherapy\" gained popularity among Italian cancer patients during the 90's. In 1999, it was shown to lack any detectable antitumor activity. Access to the multitherapy was investigated three years later within the post-bereavement Italian... | The finding indicates that an unconventional cancer treatment proven to lack clinical efficacy remained accessible to Italian cancer patients. Ethical, deontologic, and economic implications call for a routine monitoring of provision of and access to unproven cancer treatments. | yes |
19,266,277 | Is quality management system in PGD/PGS : now the time? | {
"contexts": [
"Governments and international authorities require an accreditation of the PGD/PGS laboratories in order to ensure the safety and reproducibility of these analytical procedures. The implementation of a Quality Management System is the first mandatory step prior to accreditation. Our aim is to offe... | Certification of PGD/PGS allows to achieve evaluation of the efficiency to ensure the sensitivity and a continuous improvement of the genetic diagnosis of embryonic single cells. | yes |
19,262,706 | Does thymidylate synthase gene expression in primary tumors predict activity of s-1-based chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the association between dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) and thymidylate synthase (TS) levels in primary gastric tumors and clinical response to S-1 or S-1 plus irinotecan in patients with unresectable advanced gastric cancer, and to investigate the molecular mechanism of augment... | This study suggests that, via down-regulation of TS by irinotecan treatment, combination chemotherapy with S-1 and irinotecan could be effective in gastric cancer patients with high TS levels. | yes |
19,255,768 | Is melanoma of the vulva : a pigmented lesion also significant in a non-sun-exposed area? | {
"contexts": [
"The foremost important aetiological factor for malignant melanoma is considered to be sunlight exposure. However, primary lesions are also seen in non-sun-exposed areas. Vulvar melanoma is rare and associated with impaired outcome. Herein, we attempt to increase physicians' awareness for early di... | Literature review shows that prognosis is poorer than at other sites, most probably due more advanced disease at diagnosis. This case demonstrates that early diagnosis by physicians aware of this malignancy at this relatively rare site is of crucial importance since it may result in improved outcome, similar to that of... | yes |
19,269,890 | Do galvanic ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials provide new insight into vestibulo-ocular reflexes and unilateral vestibular loss? | {
"contexts": [
"Synchronous extraocular muscle activity can be recorded from around the eyes at the beginning of a vestibular-evoked eye movement (ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials, OVEMPs). As galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) evokes the vestibulo-ocular reflex, we wished to investigate GVS-evoke... | The infra-orbital response is likely produced primarily by the inferior obliques, producing conjugate torsion away from the cathode. The projection to the ipsilateral eye depends upon normal vestibular function on the contralateral side. | yes |
19,246,697 | Are clinical evidence that very small embryonic-like stem cells mobilized into peripheral blood in patients after stroke? | {
"contexts": [
"In a murine model of stroke, we identified a population of very small embryonic-like (VSEL) stem cells (SCs) in adult murine bone marrow that could be mobilized into peripheral blood (PB). This raised the question of whether a similar population of cells is mobilized in human stroke patients.",
... | We conclude that stroke triggers the mobilization of CXCR4(+) VSEL SCs that have potential prognostic value in stroke patients. However, the potential role of these mobilized cells in brain regeneration requires further study. | yes |
19,271,059 | Is serum arylesterase activity negatively correlated with inflammatory markers in patients with acute coronary syndromes? | {
"contexts": [
"To examined whether serum paraoxonase (PON1) and arylesterase (ARE) activities are correlated with inflammatory biomarkers (procalcitonin and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).",
"This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Departm... | Serum ARE activity is reduced in ACS patients and inversely correlated with inflammatory markers. | yes |
19,258,965 | Does a pre-emptive multimodal pathway featuring peripheral nerve block improve perioperative outcomes after major orthopedic surgery? | {
"contexts": [
"Patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery experience significant postoperative pain. Failure to provide adequate analgesia may impede early physical therapy and rehabilitation, which are important factors for maintaining joint range of motion and facilitating hospital dismissal. We examined th... | Patients undergoing THA or TKA using a comprehensive, pre-emptive, multimodal analgesic regimen emphasizing peripheral nerve block may have significantly improved perioperative outcomes, and fewer adverse events, when compared with patients receiving traditional intravenous opioids during the initial postoperative peri... | yes |
19,275,959 | Do vascular endothelial growth factors synthesized by human lung mast cells exert angiogenic effects? | {
"contexts": [
"Angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis are critical for several allergic, inflammatory, and neoplastic disorders. Mast cells infiltrate the sites of inflammation and tumors.",
"We sought to characterize the expression and functions of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) and their receptor... | Our data indicate that human mast cells are both a source and a target of angiogenic and lymphangiogenic factors and therefore might play a role in inflammatory and neoplastic angiogenesis through the expression of several forms of VEGFs and their receptors. | yes |
19,273,473 | Does rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament injury influence joint loading during walking but not hopping? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was to identify changes in clinical outcome and lower extremity biomechanics during walking and hopping in ACL-injured subjects before and after a 20-session neuromuscular and strength training programme.",
"Pre and post experimental design.",
"Outpatient clinic,... | After rehabilitation the ACL-injured subjects showed a significantly improved clinical outcome, but lower extremity biomechanics were still significantly impaired during both walking and hopping. The rehabilitation programme influenced knee joint loading during walking, but not during hopping. Longer rehabilitation sho... | yes |
19,255,798 | Does betaine supplementation attenuate atherosclerotic lesion in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Betaine serves as a methyl donor in a reaction converting homocysteine to methionine. It is commonly used for the treatment of hyperhomocysteinemia in humans, which indicates it may be associated with reduced risk of atherosclerosis. However, there have been few data regarding its vascular effect... | These data suggest that despite exacerbating hyperlipidemia in apoE-deficient mice, betaine may exert its anti-atherogenic effect by inhibiting aortic inflammatory response mediated by TNF-alpha. | yes |
19,255,799 | Does enhancement of the endothelial NO synthase attenuate experimental diastolic heart failure? | {
"contexts": [
"Diastolic heart failure is a rising problem with a high incidence and similar mortality and morbidity compared to patients with systolic heart failure. Nevertheless, the underlying pathophysiology is still debated.",
"We investigated the effect of pharmacological enhancement of endothelial ni... | Diastolic dysfunction with increased diastolic stiffness constant and increased left ventricular (LV) pressure was analyzed by invasive pressure-volume loop measurements in the DHF group compared to controls. Cardiac hypertrophy as indicated by LV mass measurements by echocardiography, and increased cardiac collagen co... | yes |
19,276,753 | Do simultaneous arthroscopic reconstruction of the anterior and posterior cruciate ligament using hamstring and quadriceps tendon autografts? | {
"contexts": [
"Most dislocated knees involved tears in the two cruciate ligaments were often accompanied by other collateral ligament complexes. Surgical repair or reconstruction seems to achieve results superior to conservative treatment. Various methods of reconstructing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and p... | Simultaneous arthroscopically assisted reconstruction of both ACL and PCL using hamstring and quadriceps autografts can effectively and safely restore knee stability. | yes |
19,249,124 | Does b7-1 induce immunosuppression when expressed in cultured neonatal mice keratinocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"Chimeric (allo-auto or even xeno-auto) cultured keratinocyte grafting did not exhibit obvious acute rejection or chronic rejection. Although cultured murine keratinocytes were recognized by allogenic CD8+ T cells, they were not rejected. The precise mechanisms underlying this process were unclear... | Cultured murine keratinocytes expressed B7-1, but not B7-2 or B7-H1. The keratinocytes attenuated CTL-mediated lysis and suppressed lymphocyte proliferation via an interaction with B7-1 and CTLA-4. Therefore, separate expression of B7-1 induced immunosuppression. Non-professional APCs (antigen presenting cells) which s... | yes |
19,249,126 | Are human beta-defensin-2 and psoriasin overexpressed in lesions of acne inversa? | {
"contexts": [
"Acne inversa is a chronic inflammatory disorder of apocrine gland-bearing skin. The role of the innate immune system in the pathogenesis of the disease is controversial.",
"We investigated the expression of antimicrobial peptide/proteins in acne inversa.",
"Tissue samples were obtained fr... | Small sample size is a limitation. | yes |
19,254,676 | Does atorvastatin modulate Th1/Th2 response in patients with chronic heart failure? | {
"contexts": [
"The T-helper (Th)1/Th2 imbalance has been demonstrated to be involved in chronic heart failure (CHF). We sought to determine whether atorvastatin exhibited any effect on CHF through modulating the Th1/Th2 response.",
"We measured serum concentrations of interleukin (IL)-12, -18, interferon (I... | Th1 polarization exists in patients with CHF, and atorvastatin can modulate the Th1/Th2 response through inhibiting Th1 cytokine production. | yes |
19,251,869 | Is childhood sexual abuse associated with physical illness burden and functioning in psychiatric patients 50 years of age and older? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine the association of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) with cumulative illness burden, physical function, and bodily pain (BP) in a sample of male and female psychiatric patients >or=50 years of age. Previous research on the health consequences of sexual abuse has focused on nonpsychiatric sa... | Strong relationships exist between CSA and medical illness burden, function, and pain among psychiatric patients >or=50 years of age. These relationships cannot be ascribed to shared method variance. Early detection of patients' abuse histories could inform targeted interventions to prevent or decelerate the progressio... | yes |
19,273,708 | Does adjuvant therapy with the monoclonal antibody Edrecolomab plus fluorouracil-based therapy improve overall survival of patients with stage III colon cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Edrecolomab (ED) is a murine monoclonal antibody targeting the EpCam antigen. This phase III randomized multicenter trial investigated the benefit of adding ED to fluorouracil (FU) based therapy in patients with stage III colorectal cancer.",
"Patients with stage III colon cancer were randoml... | For patients with stage III colon cancer, the addition of ED to FU-based therapy had no statistically significant effect on OS. | no |
19,265,492 | Are thyroid nodules and related symptoms stably controlled two years after radiofrequency thermal ablation? | {
"contexts": [
"Percutaneous radiofrequency thermal ablation (RTA) is a promising new therapeutic approach to manage thyroid nodules (TNs). The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term effectiveness of RTA in inducing shrinkage of TNs as well as in controlling compressive symptoms and thyroid hyperfunc... | RTA is an effective and simple procedure for obtaining lasting shrinkage of TNs, controlling compressive symptoms, and treating thyroid hyperfunction. When performed in experienced medical centers, RTA may be a valid alternative to conventional treatments for nontoxic and pretoxic TNs. It is particularly attractive for... | yes |
19,265,497 | Is more than a decade of iodine prophylaxis needed to eradicate goiter among school age children in a moderately iodine-deficient region? | {
"contexts": [
"There are many studies regarding the effect of iodine supplementation on goiter, but relatively few reports on the duration of iodine supplementation required to eradicate goiter in iodine-deficient regions. In the current study, we aimed to determine goiter prevalence as determined by sonographi... | The time required to normalize the prevalence of goiter in SAC living in a moderately iodine-deficient environment was at least a decade. To achieve a goiter rate of less than 5% among SAC, it may require that, as a population, they were born and grew up under conditions of iodine sufficiency. | yes |
19,265,498 | Does the magnitude of increased levothyroxine requirements in hypothyroid pregnant women depend upon the etiology of the hypothyroidism? | {
"contexts": [
"In the United States, many women with hypothyroidism are on thyroid hormone replacement during pregnancy. The optimal management strategy for thyroid hormone dosing in hypothyroid women during pregnancy is controversial. We hypothesized that dosage requirements during pregnancy might differ depen... | The etiology of hypothyroidism plays a pivotal role in determining the timing and magnitude of thyroid hormone adjustments during pregnancy. Patients require vigilant monitoring of thyroid function upon confirmation of conception and anticipatory adjustments to LT(4) dosing based on the etiology of their hypothyroidism... | yes |
19,265,499 | Does selenium supplementation fail to correct the selenoprotein synthesis defect in subjects with SBP2 gene mutations? | {
"contexts": [
"Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element needed for the biosynthesis of selenoproteins. Selenocysteine incorporation sequence binding protein 2 (SBP2) represents a key trans-acting factor for the co-translational insertion of selenocysteine into selenoproteins. We recently described children w... | Total serum Se concentrations in SBP2 deficient subjects respond to selenomethionine supplementation but this effect is not indicative for improved selenoprotein synthesis. Se is obviously not a limiting factor in the SBP2 deficient individuals when regular daily Se intake is provided. These findings might help to iden... | yes |
19,271,210 | Are genetic variants in the angiopoietin-2 gene associated with increased risk of ARDS? | {
"contexts": [
"Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) is a potent regulator of vascular permeability and inflammation in acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Genetic variants in the Ang-2 gene may lead to altered activities of Ang-2 (or ANGPT2) gene. The aim of this study was to assess if genetic v... | Common genetic variation in the Ang-2 gene may be associated with increased risk of ARDS, especially among patients with extrapulmonary injuries. | yes |
19,276,682 | Does expression of Tiam1 and VEGF-C correlate with lymphangiogenesis in human colorectal carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the relationship between Tiam1 and lymphangiogenesis in human colorectal carcinoma (CRC) tissues, as well as the expression of VEGF-C in a CRC cell line (HCT116) after knockdown of the Tiam1 gene with RNA interference (RNAi).",
"In the specimens of CRC tissue, the positivity ra... | We suggest that the Tiam1 gene may act as a crucial therapeutic target for Lymphangiogenesis in CRC. | yes |
19,264,882 | Does a targeted inhibitor of the alternative complement pathway reduce angiogenesis in a mouse model of age-related macular degeneration? | {
"contexts": [
"Polymorphisms in factor H (fH), an inhibitor of the alternative pathway (AP) of complement activation, are associated with increased risk for age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The authors investigated the therapeutic use of a novel recombinant form of fH, CR2-fH, which is targeted to sites ... | Specific inhibition of the AP reduces angiogenesis in mouse CNV. Of note, intravenous injection of C3d-targeted CR2-fH is protective even though endogenous fH is present in serum at a higher relative concentration, and serum fH contains native C3d and cell surface binding domains that target it to cell surfaces. The mo... | yes |
19,255,032 | Is antibiotic use in children associated with increased risk of asthma? | {
"contexts": [
"Antibiotic exposure in early childhood is a possible contributor to the increasing asthma prevalence in industrialized countries. Although a number of published studies have tested this hypothesis, the results have been conflicting.",
"To explore the association between antibiotic exposure be... | This study provides evidence that the use of antibiotics in the first year of life is associated with a small risk of developing asthma, and this risk increases with the number of courses of antibiotics prescribed. | yes |
19,265,049 | Is pre-eclampsia associated with increased risk of stroke in the adult offspring : the Helsinki birth cohort study? | {
"contexts": [
"Women who develop pre-eclampsia in pregnancy are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The offspring from pregnancies complicated by pre-eclampsia have higher blood pressures during childhood, but little is known about their long-term health. We hypothesized that pre-eclampsia would lead t... | People born after pregnancies complicated by pre-eclampsia or gestational hypertension are at increased risk of stroke. The underlying processes may include a local disorder of the blood vessels of the brain as a consequence of either reduced brain growth or impaired brain growth leading to "brain-sparing" responses in... | yes |
19,268,915 | Is interleukin-6 elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid of suicide attempters and related to symptom severity? | {
"contexts": [
"Depressive disorders are associated with immune system alterations that can be detected in the blood. Cytokine concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and their relationship to aspects of suicidality have previously not been investigated.",
"We measured interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6 (I... | We propose a role for CSF IL-6 in the symptomatology of suicidal behavior, possibly through mechanisms involving alterations of dopamine and serotonin metabolism. | yes |
19,265,033 | Are proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 null mice protected from postprandial triglyceridemia? | {
"contexts": [
"Proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a natural inhibitor of the low-density lipoprotein receptor, and its deficiency in humans results in low plasma LDL-cholesterol and protection against cardiovascular disease. We explored whether PCSK9 expression impacts postprandial triglyc... | These findings indicate that in addition to its effect on LDL-cholesterol, PCSK9 deficiency might protect against cardiovascular disease by reducing postprandial triglyceridemia. | yes |
19,267,711 | Does pioglitazone treatment in type 2 diabetes mellitus when combined with portion control diet modify the metabolic syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"Treatment with thiazolidinediones (TZDs) produces weight gain.",
"To test whether a portion control diet could prevent weight gain during treatment with pioglitazone in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).",
"This 16-week randomized, open-label, parallel arm study compared three... | Pio + PC, prevented weight gain, reduced waist circumference and visceral fat compared with Pio + ADA diet. | yes |
19,247,242 | Does preoperative nonlinear behavior in heart rate variability predict morbidity and mortality after coronary artery bypass graft surgery? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim was to demonstrate that a reduction in the nonlinear behavior of heart rate variability (HRV) in the preoperative period in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) triggers higher morbidity and mortality rates in the postoperative stay.",
"Seventy patients (59+/-10.3 y... | Analysis of HRV in the nonlinear domain in the preoperative period in patients undergoing elective CABG surgery may detect subgroups with a high risk for postoperative complications, at least with the assistance of some of the variables, and it can become a new prognostic tool for assessing patients scheduled to underg... | yes |
19,247,241 | Do stricter criteria increase the validity of a quick intraoperative parathyroid hormone assay in primary hyperparathyroidism? | {
"contexts": [
"A \"quick\" intraoperative parathyroid hormone (PTH) (QPTH) assay evaluates parathyroid hypersecretion during parathyroidectomy. We investigated the likelihood of increasing surgical success rates by introducing stricter parameters in intraoperative PTH monitoring.",
"One hundred one patients... | A QPTH is useful during parathyroidectomy. A decrease in the iPTH level of > or =70% from baseline indicates a successful operation and reduces the likelihood of false-positive results. The evaluation of more than 1 PTH level is required if multiglandular disease is suspected or excessive intraoperative manipulation oc... | yes |
19,255,329 | Does percentage of smudge cells on routine blood smear predict survival in chronic lymphocytic leukemia? | {
"contexts": [
"Smudge cells are ruptured chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells appearing on the blood smears of CLL patients. Our recent findings suggest that the number of smudge cells may have important biologic correlations rather than being only an artifact of slide preparation. In this study, we evaluat... | Percentage of smudge cells on blood smear is readily available and an independent factor predicting overall survival in CLL. | yes |
19,266,600 | Does docosahexaenoic acid suppress arachidonic acid-induced proliferation of LS-174T human colon carcinoma cells? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the impact of arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and their combination on colon cancer cell growth.",
"The LS-174T colon cancer cell line was used to study the role of the prostaglandin precursor AA and the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid DHA on cell growth... | These results suggest that DHA can inhibit the pro-proliferative effect of abundant AA or PGE(2). | yes |
19,264,576 | Does the Seattle protocol more reliably predict the detection of cancer at the time of esophagectomy than a less intensive surveillance protocol? | {
"contexts": [
"The optimal management of high-grade dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus remains controversial. A biopsy protocol consisting of 4 quadrant jumbo biopsies (every 1 cm) with biopsies of mucosal abnormalities (the Seattle protocol) is considered to be the optimal method for detecting early cancers in p... | Intense preoperative biopsy sampling by the Seattle protocol does not more reliably predict the detection of cancer at the time of esophagectomy than a less intensive surveillance protocol. This calls into question the concept that extensive sampling with the Seattle protocol consistently detects early cancers arising ... | no |
19,262,524 | Does fecal calprotectin predict the clinical course of acute severe ulcerative colitis? | {
"contexts": [
"Calprotectin is a granulocyte neutrophil-predominant cytosolic protein. Fecal concentrations are elevated in intestinal inflammation and may predict relapse in quiescent inflammatory bowel disease. We aim to investigate fecal calprotectin (FC) as a biomarker in predicting the clinical course of a... | This is the first data set to demonstrate that FC levels are dramatically elevated in severe UC. These data raise the possibility that this biomarker can predict response to first or second-line medical therapy in this setting. | yes |
19,258,494 | Does microarray analysis of hepatic gene expression identify new genes involved in steatotic liver? | {
"contexts": [
"Trans-10, cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid (CLA)-enriched diets promote fatty liver in mice, while cis-9, trans-11-CLA ameliorates this effect, suggesting regulation of multiple genes. To test this hypothesis, apoE-deficient mice were fed a Western-type diet enriched with linoleic acid isomers, an... | The results highlight new processes involved in lipid handling in liver and will help to understand the complex human pathology providing new proteins and new strategies to cope with hepatic steatosis. | yes |
19,262,956 | Does gAB2 gene modify the risk of Alzheimer 's disease in Spanish APOE 4 carriers? | {
"contexts": [
"The genetic basis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is being analyzed in multiple whole genome association studies (WGAS). The GAB2 gene has been proposed as a modifying factor of APOE epsilon 4 allele in a recent case-control WGAS conducted in the US. Given the potential application of these novel res... | GAB2 rs2373115 marker does not modify the risk of Alzheimer's disease in Spanish APOE epsilon 4 carriers. | no |
19,262,950 | Is synapse formation enhanced by oral administration of uridine and DHA , the circulating precursors of brain phosphatides? | {
"contexts": [
"The loss of cortical and hippocampal synapses is a universal hallmark of Alzheimer's disease, and probably underlies its effects on cognition. Synapses are formed from the interaction of neurites projecting from \"presynaptic\" neurons with dendritic spines projecting from \"postsynaptic\" neuron... | Uridine and DHA are circulating precursors for the phosphatides in synaptic membranes, and act in part by increasing the substrate-saturation of enzymes that synthesize phosphatidylcholine from CTP (formed from the uridine, via UTP) and from diacylglycerol species that contain DHA: the enzymes have poor affinities for ... | yes |
19,270,737 | Is the mixed-lineage kinase DLK a key regulator of 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation? | {
"contexts": [
"The mixed-lineage kinase (MLK) family member DLK has been proposed to serve as a regulator of differentiation in various cell types; however, its role in adipogenesis has not been investigated. In this study, we used the 3T3-L1 preadipocyte cell line as a model to examine the function of DLK in a... | Taken together, these results suggest that DLK is important for expression of mature adipocyte markers and that its action most likely takes place via regulation of C/EBPbeta transcriptional activity and/or initiation of C/EBPalpha and PPARgamma2 gene transcription. | yes |
19,270,731 | Is the cellular distribution of serotonin transporter impeded on serotonin-altered vimentin network? | {
"contexts": [
"The C-terminus of the serotonin transporter (SERT) contains binding domains for different proteins and is critical for its functional expression. In endogenous and heterologous expression systems, our proteomic and biochemical analysis demonstrated that an intermediate filament, vimentin, binds t... | Based on our findings, we propose that phosphate modification of the SITPET sequence differentially, one at a time exposes the vimentin binding domain on the C-terminus of SERT. Conversely, following 5HT stimulation, the association between vimentin-SERT is enhanced which changes the cellular distribution of SERT on an... | yes |
19,250,083 | Do evaluation of sinus and atrioventricular nodes function in patients with vasovagal syncope? | {
"contexts": [
"Evaluation of sinus and atrioventricular nodes function as a potential factor responsible for prolonged bradycardia, asystole, or both in patients with cardioinhibitory and non-cardioinhibitory vasovagal syncope (VVS). The study included 258 patients (mean age = 47.7 +/- 17.2 years; range 18-62; ... | The prevalence of mild SND, abnormal atrioventricular conduction, and carotid sinus hypersensitivity (CSH) was similar among patients with VVS regardless of the type of vasovagal reaction. SND and CSH do not seem to play an important role in the pathogenesis of cardioinhibitory vasovagal reaction. | yes |
19,262,000 | Is the combination of IMT and stiffness parameter beta highly associated with concurrent coronary artery disease in type 2 diabetes? | {
"contexts": [
"The clinical implications of stiffness of the carotid artery (CA) have not been fully clarified in the prediction of coronary artery disease (CAD), although intima-media thickness (IMT) has been established as a surrogate marker. We examined the associations of stiffness parameter beta (ST) and I... | ST and IMT are associated with CAD and exhibited significant odds ratios for CAD. Our findings suggest that the combination of IMT and ST is a useful marker of atherosclerosis. | yes |
19,259,804 | Does bradykinin postconditioning protect pyramidal CA1 neurons against delayed neuronal death in rat hippocampus? | {
"contexts": [
"The present study was undertaken to evaluate possible neuroprotective effect of bradykinin against delayed neuronal death in hippocampal CA1 neurons if applied two days after transient forebrain ischemia in the rat.",
"Transient forebrain ischemia was induced in male Wistar rats by four-vesse... | Bradykinin can be used as an effective stressor able to prevent mitochondrial failure leading to apoptosis-like delayed neuronal death in postischemic rat hippocampus. | yes |
19,266,144 | Are fatigue , pain and muscle weakness frequent after Guillain-Barré syndrome and poliomyelitis? | {
"contexts": [
"Guillain- Barré syndrome (GBS) and poliomyelitis may cause life-long health problems. We studied fatigue, pain and muscular weakness in both conditions to define possible interactions between these symptoms and their influence on residual disability and daily functioning.",
"We studied 50 pat... | Fatigue, pain, and muscle weakness are common sequelae after GBS and poliomyelitis. The symptoms interact with each other and contribute to long-term disability. | yes |
19,276,983 | Does high dose of red wine elicit enhanced inhibition of fibrinolysis? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this randomized controlled cross-over study was to determine the acute effects of high doses of alcoholic beverages on circulating markers related to atherosclerosis and fibrinolysis.",
"Twenty-two healthy men consumed a high dose (8.1+/-0.9 dl) of alcohol-containing red wine a... | Findings may explain the increased risk of cardiovascular mortality among binge drinkers. | yes |
19,263,259 | Does overexpression of visfatin/PBEF/Nampt alter whole-body insulin sensitivity and lipid profile in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Visfatin/PBEF/Nampt is an adipose-derived hormone proposed to exert insulin-mimicking effects and play a positive role in attenuating insulin resistance. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of visfatin/PBEF/Nampt on insulin sensitivity remain unknown.",
"Euglycem... | These results demonstrate that visfatin/PBEF/Nampt improves insulin sensitivity and exerts its hypocholesterolemic effects at least partially through upregulation of the tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1 protein and the mRNA levels of PPARgamma and SREBP-2. | yes |
19,246,445 | Does severity of tobacco abstinence symptoms vary by time of day? | {
"contexts": [
"The time of day in which craving, withdrawal, and other tobacco abstinence symptoms are assessed may moderate the influences of abstinence or medication on those symptoms.",
"Participants were 209 smokers participating in a 4-week crossover study assessing symptoms due to smoking versus absti... | The data suggest that, compared with traditional single assessments of symptoms at midday, assessments at several times of the day may reveal greater overall levels of symptoms and perhaps greater effects of abstinence and nicotine replacement on select abstinence symptoms. | yes |
19,260,870 | Is chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyps associated with decreased expression of glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper? | {
"contexts": [
"Chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) and with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is characterized by persistent inflammation of sinonasal mucosa. Glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ) is a recently described anti-inflammatory mediator.",
"Here we analysed the expression of GILZ in C... | Down-regulated expression of GILZ may contribute to the pathogenesis of CRSsNP and CRSwNP and associate with response to surgery. GILZ expression in the upper airways can be regulated differentially by different cytokines. | yes |
19,270,103 | Is cerebrovascular reactivity a main determinant of white matter hyperintensity progression in CADASIL? | {
"contexts": [
"Basal total cerebral blood flow (TCBF) and cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) are assumed to play an important role in the pathophysiology of small-vessel disease. Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a unique monogenetic model to s... | Decreased CVR is a potential predictor of disease progression as indicated by increasing WMHs in CADASIL. | yes |
19,259,345 | Is long-term tea intake associated with reduced prevalence of ( type 2 ) diabetes mellitus among elderly people from Mediterranean islands : MEDIS epidemiological study? | {
"contexts": [
"We sought to evaluate the link between long-term tea intake and prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, in a sample of elderly adults.",
"During 2005-2007, 300 men and women from Cyprus, 142 from Mitilini, 100 from Samothraki, 114 from Kefalonia, 131 from Crete, 150 from Corfu and 103 from Za... | The presented findings suggest that long-term tea intake is associated with reduced levels of fasting blood glucose and lower prevalence of diabetes, in a cohort of elderly people living in Mediterranean islands. | yes |
19,257,893 | Does promoter methylation correlate with reduced NDRG2 expression in advanced colon tumour? | {
"contexts": [
"Aberrant DNA methylation of CpG islands of cancer-related genes is among the earliest and most frequent alterations in cancerogenesis and might be of value for either diagnosing cancer or evaluating recurrent disease. This mechanism usually leads to inactivation of tumour-suppressor genes. We hav... | The findings highlight the usefulness of combining gene expression patterns and epigenetic data to identify tumour biomarkers, and suggest that NDRG2 silencing might bear influence on tumour invasiveness, being associated with a more advanced stage. | yes |
19,246,892 | Does mild methionine excess affect thymidylate synthesis or inflammation markers expression in human aortic endothelial cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Recent studies in animal models have shown that high methionine intakes induce atherosclerotic changes that may be exacerbated when deficiencies of vitamins B(6), B(12) and folate are present. However, the mechanism underlying this possible atherogenic effect remains unknown. The aim of the prese... | Under the study conditions, methionine was not able to exert the atherogenic mechanism proposed and did not have the hypothesized inflammatory consequences in human aortic endothelial cells. | no |
19,249,705 | Does extensive excision of deep infiltrative endometriosis before in vitro fertilization significantly improve pregnancy rates? | {
"contexts": [
"We sought to compare the outcomes of in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatments in women with infertility-associated deep infiltrative endometriosis (DIE) who underwent extensive laparoscopic excision of endometriosis before IVF with those who underwent IVF only.",
"Prospective cohort study.",
... | Extensive laparoscopic excision of DIE significantly improved IVF pregnancy rates of women with infertility-associated DIE. | yes |
19,246,705 | Does angiotensin AT2 receptor stimulation cause neuroprotection in a conscious rat model of stroke? | {
"contexts": [
"The angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT(2)R) is implicated to be neuroprotective in stroke, although this premise has not been directly tested. Therefore, we have examined the neuroprotective effect of AT(2)R stimulation after intracerebroventricular administration of AT(2)R agonist CGP42112 in a ... | Based on infarct, behavioral, and immunohistochemical data, these results indicate that centrally administered CGP42112 exhibits a neuroprotective effect, which was independent of blood pressure. Thus, for the first time, we have shown that central AT(2)R stimulation is neuroprotective in a conscious rat model of strok... | yes |
19,246,701 | Is vascular structure and function correlated to cognitive performance and white matter hyperintensities in older hypertensive patients with subjective memory complaints? | {
"contexts": [
"Arterial stiffening and thickening and endothelial dysfunction may be associated with cognitive decline or white matter hyperintensities (WMH) independently of blood pressure level. We aimed to investigate, using an integrative approach, the relative contributions of structural and functional vas... | Our data suggest that vascular abnormalities, independently of blood pressure levels, may play a role in the setting of subjective memory complaints as well as of WMH in elderly hypertensive patients. Arterial thickness and stiffness as well as endothelial function should be assessed simultaneously and may represent ad... | yes |
19,258,953 | Is clinical trial participation associated with improved outcome in women with ovarian cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the effect of participation in clinical trials on survival of women with ovarian cancer. Disease-specific factors and demographics were also examined.",
"A total of 158 women were treated for ovarian cancer at a regional cancer center. All patients were offered treatment with sur... | Women with ovarian cancer who participate in clinical trials at this institution have improved survival compared with those who are treated with standard therapies. No other factors examined were associated with treatment completion or survival. Further, participation in clinical research does not vary by age, ethnicit... | yes |
19,261,676 | Does detection of haemolysis and reporting of potassium result in samples from neonates? | {
"contexts": [
"In vitro haemolysis is a common occurrence in clinical laboratories and causes a spurious increase in potassium. In the past, haemolysis was sought by visual inspection but is now commonly detected by automated measurement of the haemolytic index (HI). This study compared detection of haemolysis ... | The use of HI rather than visual inspection is particularly recommended in neonates whose serum tends to be icteric. It can be used in the same correction equation as in adults to compensate for potassium released due to haemolysis and facilitate reporting a qualitative comment to assist in immediate clinical managemen... | yes |
19,276,748 | Does proteasome inhibition promote functional recovery after peripheral nerve reperfusion injury? | {
"contexts": [
"The proteasome degrades NF-kappaB blocking protein (I-kappaB) and activates NF-kappaB that plays as a key transcriptional factor to regulate inflammatory factors that are involved in the tissue reperfusion injury. This study was designed to assess whether the proteasome inhibitor can attenuate pe... | This study indicates that bortezomib; a proteasome inhibitor, is effective at promoting the functional recovery of reperfused peripheral nerve. The proteasome inhibition may play a role as one of the clinical strategy in the peripheral nervous system I/R injury with further understanding its mechanism of action. | yes |
19,276,749 | Does vacuum-assisted closure therapy increase local interleukin-8 and vascular endothelial growth factor levels in traumatic wounds? | {
"contexts": [
"Clinical observations are suggesting accelerated granulation tissue formation in traumatic wounds treated with vacuum-assisted closure (VAC). Aim of this study was to determine the impact of VAC therapy versus alternative Epigard application on local inflammation and neovascularization in traumat... | This study suggests that VAC therapy of traumatic wounds leads to increased local IL-8 and VEGF concentrations, which may trigger accumulation of neutrophils and angiogenesis and thus, accelerate neovascularization. | yes |
19,255,727 | Is mF59 emulsion an effective delivery system for a synthetic TLR4 agonist ( E6020 )? | {
"contexts": [
"The effectiveness of vaccines depends on the age and immunocompetence of the vaccinee. Conventional non-adjuvanted influenza vaccines are suboptimal in the elderly and vaccines with improved ability to prevent influenza are required. The TLR4 agonist E6020, either given alone or co-delivered with... | Combining adjuvants like E6020 and MF59 allowed a finer tuning of the immune response towards a particular Th bias, thus have significant implications for the development of improved influenza vaccines. | yes |
19,269,779 | Is tissue Doppler imaging measurement of left ventricular systolic function in children : mitral annular displacement index superior to peak velocity? | {
"contexts": [
"Doppler tissue imaging (DTI)-derived mitral annular systolic peak S-wave velocity (S') correlates with left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF). The authors hypothesized that DTI mitral annular displacement, which is equal to the velocity-time integral of the DTI S' wave, might be superior to... | Displacement index is linearly related to EF and also to other parameters of longitudinal systolic function. Displacement index has some advantages over Sz for assessing ventricular systolic function and should prove useful in measuring longitudinal and global LV systolic function. | yes |
19,260,033 | Is lacunar stroke associated with diffuse blood-brain barrier dysfunction? | {
"contexts": [
"Lacunar stroke is common (25% of ischemic strokes) and mostly because of an intrinsic cerebral microvascular disease of unknown cause. Although considered primarily to be an ischemic process, the vessel and tissue damage could also be explained by dysfunctional endothelium or blood-brain barrier ... | Patients with lacunar stroke have subtle, diffuse BBB dysfunction in white matter. Further studies are required to determine the relative contributions of BBB dysfunction and/or ischemia to the microvascular and brain abnormalities in lacunar stroke. | yes |
19,247,652 | Do steroid hormones affect binding of the sigma ligand 11C-SA4503 in tumour cells and tumour-bearing rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Sigma receptors are implicated in memory and cognitive functions, drug addiction, depression and schizophrenia. In addition, sigma receptors are strongly overexpressed in many tumours. Although the natural ligands are still unknown, steroid hormones are potential candidates. Here, we examined cha... | The binding of (11)C-SA4503 is sensitive to steroid competition. Since not only increases but also decreases of steroid levels affect ligand binding, a considerable fraction of the sigma-1 receptor population in cultured tumour cells or tumour-bearing animals is normally occupied by endogenous steroids. | yes |
19,269,035 | Is global leukocyte DNA methylation altered in euthymic bipolar patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Bipolar disorder is a complex disorder hypothesized to involve an interaction of multiple susceptibility genes and environmental factors. The environmental factors may be mediated via epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation. Since a different extent of DNA methylation has recently been repo... | The assay we used, based on restriction by methylation-sensitive/insensitive enzymes followed by a radioactive DNA polymerase reaction was approved to accurately measure global DNA methylation, but has technical limitations i.e. restriction enzymes do not cleave all potential methylation sites in the genome and restric... | no |
19,265,051 | Does active range of motion predict upper extremity function 3 months after stroke? | {
"contexts": [
"After stroke, 80% of patients experience acute paresis of the upper extremity and only approximately one-third achieve full functional recovery. Predicting functional recovery for these patients is highly important to provide focused, cost-effective rehabilitation. Our purpose was to examine if e... | Simple AROM measurements of the upper extremity taken within 1 month after stroke can be used to predict upper extremity function at 3 months. This information is important for determining the prognosis of upper extremity functional recovery. | yes |
19,259,798 | Does abatacept induce direct gene expression changes in antigen-presenting cells? | {
"contexts": [
"It has been proposed that ligation of CD80 and CD86 induces reverse signaling into antigen-presenting cells. In this study, we tested the ability of abatacept, a soluble human fusion protein comprising the extracellular domain of cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 and a fragment of the Fc domain of... | We conclude that reverse signaling in antigen-presenting cells is unlikely to occur in response to either abatacept or belatacept, thereby supporting the modulation of CD28 signaling on T cells as the main mechanism of action for these therapeutics. | no |
19,259,799 | Are cD3zeta expression and T cell proliferation inhibited by TGF-beta1 and IL-10 in cervical cancer patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Cervical cancer development from a squamous intraepithelial lesion is thought to be favored by an impaired T cell immunity. We evaluated parameters of T cell alterations such as proliferation, cytokine, and CD3zeta expression in peripheral blood and tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes from women wit... | T cell proliferation and cytokine messenger RNA (mRNA) expression were similar in women with SIL and healthy donors, whereas low T cell proliferation and lower mRNA expression of IL-2, IL-10 and IFN-gamma were observed in women with CC. Moreover, infiltrating cells showed marginal responses. We also found that CD3zeta ... | yes |
19,267,702 | Do posttraumatic stress disorder and substance use disorder in adolescent bipolar disorder? | {
"contexts": [
"Anxiety disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorders (SUD) are increasingly recognized as comorbid disorders in children with bipolar disorder (BPD). This study explores the relationship between BPD, PTSD, and SUD in a cohort of BPD and non-BPD adolescents.",... | An increased rate of PTSD was found in adolescents with BPD. Subjects with both PTSD and BPD developed significantly more subsequent SUD, with BPD, PTSD, then SUD being the most common order of onset. Follow-up studies need to be conducted to elucidate the course and causal relationship of BPD, PTSD and SUD. | yes |
19,249,423 | Does baseline hemoglobin concentration and creatinine clearance composite laboratory index improve risk stratification in ST-elevation myocardial infarction? | {
"contexts": [
"Hemoglobin (Hgb) and creatinine clearance (CrCl) are readily-available, routinely-obtained laboratory parameters that predict acute coronary syndrome outcomes. We sought to develop a laboratory index (LI) to predict early mortality in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and determine the a... | The LI is a simple, powerful tool to predict death in STEMI, either separately or with the TRS. | yes |
19,267,931 | Does hypoxia regulate human lung fibroblast proliferation via p53-dependent and -independent pathways? | {
"contexts": [
"Hypoxia induces the proliferation of lung fibroblasts in vivo and in vitro. However, the subcellular interactions between hypoxia and expression of tumor suppressor p53 and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21 and p27 remain unclear.",
"Normal human lung fibroblasts (NHLF) were cultured in ... | These results indicate that in NHLF, severe hypoxia leads to cell cycle arrest via the p53-p21 pathway, but that moderate hypoxia enhances cell proliferation via the p21 pathway in a p53-independent manner. In addition, our results suggest that p27 may be involved in compensating for p53 in cultured NHLF proliferation. | yes |
19,249,736 | Does negative preoperative localization lead to greater resource use in the era of minimally invasive parathyroidectomy? | {
"contexts": [
"Successful preoperative localization plays an important role in patient selection for focused parathyroidectomy.",
"The case records of 499 consecutive patients with presumed hyperparathyroidism who underwent neck exploration were reviewed. Positive imaging patients (n = 373) had a localizing... | Patients with unsuccessful or discordant preoperative localization have a higher incidence of multigland disease, lower cure rate, and consume more institutional resources than patients with successful preoperative localization. | yes |
19,247,683 | Is combinatory inhibition of VEGF and FGF2 superior to solitary VEGF inhibition in an in vitro model of RPE-induced angiogenesis? | {
"contexts": [
"Choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) as a feature of exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is partially regulated by retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). In this study, the effect of combinatory anti-angiogenic treatment was evaluated using a novel in vitro assay of RPE-induced angiogenesis... | RPE from CNV patients expresses angiogenic growth factors that act in part independently of VEGF. Targeted combinatory therapy can be superior to solitary anti-VEGF therapy. One possible candidate for combinatory therapy is FGF2. | yes |
19,254,730 | Does fluvastatin attenuate IGF-1-induced ERK1/2 activation and cell proliferation by mevalonic acid depletion in human mesangial cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 is a major mitogenic growth factor for mesangial cells (MCs). Statins slow the progression of chronic kidney disease by affecting inflammatory cell signaling pathways, in addition to improving lipid profile, however, no studies have investigated the effects of f... | Fluvastatin inhibits IGF-1-induced activation of the MAP kinase pathway and MC proliferation by mevalonic acid depletion, and might have renoprotective effects by inhibiting IGF-1-mediated MC proliferation. | yes |
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