pubid int32 113k 27.9M | question stringlengths 17 664 | context dict | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k | final_decision stringclasses 2
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|---|---|---|---|---|
22,803,364 | Does [ Water-soluble chemical constituents from Elaeagnus pungens leave ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To study water-soluble chemical constituents from the leaves of Elaeagnus pungens.",
"Chemical constituents of E. pungens leaves were separated by a combination of macroporous resin column chromatography, reverse phase silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and... | Compound 2 separated from E. pungens leaves was a new compound. | yes |
22,797,193 | Does pulmonary artery dilatation correlate with the risk of unexpected death in chronic arterial or thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension? | {
"contexts": [
"Right ventricular failure does not explain all cases of death in patients with chronic pulmonary hypertension. Searching for alternative explanations, we evaluated the prognostic significance of main pulmonary artery (PA) dilatation in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) or chroni... | PA dilatation emerges as an independent risk factor for death unexplained by right ventricular failure or comorbidities in patients with PAH and CTEPH. The possible mechanisms include, but are not limited to, PA compression of the left main coronary artery, PA rupture, or dissection with cardiac tamponade. | yes |
22,796,713 | Is arterial stiffness increased in patients with inflammatory bowel disease? | {
"contexts": [
"Recent studies have reported early atherosclerosis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In these patients, the chronic low-grade inflammation may predispose to vascular remodelling and arterial stiffening. We aimed at studying arterial stiffness in IBD patients.",
"Thirty-two IB... | Arterial stiffness is increased in patients with IBD independently of conventional cardiovascular risk factors. | yes |
22,771,830 | Does tAT-mediated photochemical internalization result in cell killing by causing the release of calcium into the cytosol of cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Lysis of endocytic organelles is a necessary step in many cellular delivery methodologies. This is achieved efficiently in the photochemical internalization approach but the cell death that accompanies this process remains a problem.",
"We investigate the mechanisms of cell death that accompa... | TMR-TAT mediated photochemical internalization leads to a disruption of calcium homeostasis. The subsequent import of calcium in mitochondria is a causative factor of the cell death that accompanies photochemical internalization. General significance Understanding how the lysis of endocytic organelles affects cellular ... | yes |
22,771,831 | Does vP2118 have major roles in Vibrio parahaemolyticus response to oxidative stress? | {
"contexts": [
"Reactive oxygen species (ROS), including superoxide anion radical, induce chronic risk of oxidative damage to many cellular macromolecules resulting in damage to cells. Superoxide dismutases (SODs) catalyze the dismutation of superoxide to oxygen and hydrogen peroxide and are a primary defense ag... | VP2118 is the primary V. parahaemolyticus SOD and is vital for anti-oxidative stress responses. | yes |
22,796,763 | Does calcium mediate high glucose-induced HIF-1α and VEGF expression in cultured rat retinal Müller cells through CaMKII-CREB pathway? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the effects of high glucose (HG) medium on expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in cultured rat retinal Müller cells and to determine the signaling pathways mediating the effects.",
"Primary cultures of retinal Müller ... | HG-induced HIF-1α and VEGF expression in cultured rat retinal Müller cells depends on intracellular free Ca(2+) and activation of CaMKII-CREB pathway. The activation of CaMKII-CREB pathway by HG may be a possible mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. | yes |
22,796,762 | Does tissue plasminogen activator attenuate ventilator-induced lung injury in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"To test the hypothesis that the tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) may counteract the inhibitory effect of plasminogen activator inhibitors (PAI) and attenuate lung injury in a rat model of ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI).",
"Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were ventilated with a HVZP (h... | These results demonstrate that VILI increases lung PAI-1 mRNA expression, plasma levels of PAI-1 and D-dimers, lung injury score and vascular fibrin deposition. tPA can attenuate VILI by decreasing capillary-alveolar protein leakage as well as local and systemic coagulation as shown by decreased lung vascular fibrin de... | yes |
22,796,764 | Does sulfur dioxide attenuate LPS-induced acute lung injury via enhancing polymorphonuclear neutrophil apoptosis? | {
"contexts": [
"We speculated that the enhanced apoptosis of polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) might be responsible for the inhibition of PMN infiltration in the lung. This study was designed to investigate the effects of sulfur dioxide (SO(2)) on PMN apoptosis in vivo and in vitro, which may mediate the protec... | SO(2) plays an important role as the modulator of PMN apoptosis during LPS-induced ALI, which might be one of the mechanisms underlying the protective action of SO(2) on pulmonary diseases. | yes |
22,784,785 | Do basophils and mast cells play critical roles for leukocyte recruitment in IgE-mediated cutaneous reverse passive Arthus reaction? | {
"contexts": [
"The pathogenic role of IgE has been implicated in a variety of allergic and inflammatory diseases. We have previously established an IgE-mediated cutaneous reverse passive Arthus model in which eosinophil infiltration is a prominent feature. This uniquely provides a model of type III hypersensiti... | While mast cells play a central role, basophils also have an important function, especially for eosinophil recruitment, in IgE-mediated cutaneous reverse passive Arthus reaction. | yes |
22,797,566 | Does astragaloside IV alleviate hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced neonatal rat cardiomyocyte injury via the protein kinase a pathway? | {
"contexts": [
"Astragaloside IV (As-IV) exerts beneficial effects on hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced cardiomyocyte injury, possibly through normalization of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) ATPase (SERCA2a) function. The exact mechanisms remain unknown. This study was designed to investigate the role of protei... | These results suggest that the cardioprotection of As-IV may be through the upregulation of PKA and Ser(16)-PLN, thereby restoring SERCA2a function in H/R injury. | yes |
22,787,112 | Does toll-like receptor 7 protect from atherosclerosis by constraining `` inflammatory '' macrophage activation? | {
"contexts": [
"Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have long been considered to be major culprits in the development of atherosclerosis, contributing both to its progression and clinical complications. However, evidence for most TLRs beyond TLR2 and TLR4 is lacking.",
"We used experimental mouse models, human athero... | These findings provide evidence for a beneficial role of TLR7 in atherosclerosis by constraining inflammatory macrophage activation and cytokine production. This challenges the prevailing concept that all TLRs are pathogenic and supports the exploitation of the TLR7 pathway for therapy. | yes |
22,796,153 | Does sorafenib attenuate monocrotaline-induced sinusoidal obstruction syndrome in rats through suppression of JNK and MMP-9? | {
"contexts": [
"Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) is a drug-induced liver injury that occurs with oxaliplatin treatment and is associated with postoperative morbidity after hepatectomy. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sorafenib in a monocrotaline (MCT)-induced model of SOS in rats.",
... | Sorafenib reduced the severity of MCT-induced SOS in rats through suppression of MMP-9 and JNK activity, resulting in improvement of survival after hepatectomy. | yes |
22,803,584 | Does deconvolution analysis of 24-h serum cortisol profiles inform the amount and distribution of hydrocortisone replacement therapy? | {
"contexts": [
"Hydrocortisone therapy is based on a dosing regimen derived from estimates of cortisol secretion, but little is known of how the dose should be distributed throughout the 24 h. We have used deconvolution analysis of 24-h serum cortisol profiles to determine 24-h cortisol secretion and distributio... | These observations suggest that the daily hydrocortisone replacement dose should be equivalent on average to 6.3 mg/m(2) body surface area/day in adults and 8.0 mg/m(2) body surface area/day in children. Differences in distribution of the total daily dose between older adults and young children need to be taken into ac... | yes |
22,787,537 | Do high-normal Glucose Levels in Non-diabetic and Pre-diabetic Men Are Associated with Decreased Testosterone Levels? | {
"contexts": [
"Testosterone levels are decreased in diabetic patients and recent studies have suggested that high-normal fasting glucose is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. To further elucidate the relationship between plasma glucose and testosterone, we investigated the association between fasting pla... | Our study indicates that high-normal fasting glucose levels are associated with decreased testosterone levels in non-diabetic and pre-diabetic men. | yes |
22,795,996 | Is d-dimer a significant prognostic factor in patients with suspected infection and sepsis? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of the study was to determine whether C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), and d-dimer (DD) are markers of mortality in patients admitted to the emergency department (ED) with suspected infection and sepsis.",
"We conducted a prospective cohort in a university hospital in Me... | Our results suggest that high levels of DD are associated with 28-day mortality in patients with infection or sepsis identified in the emergency department. | yes |
22,795,059 | Does posterior leaflet augmentation in ischemic mitral regurgitation increase leaflet coaptation and mobility? | {
"contexts": [
"Restoring leaflet coaptation is the primary objective in repair of ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR). The common practice of placing an undersized annuloplasty ring partially achieves this goal by correcting annular dilation; however, annular reduction has been demonstrated to exacerbate poster... | Posterior leaflet augmentation combined with standard-sized annuloplasty enhances leaflet coaptation more effectively than either standard-sized annuloplasty or undersized annuloplasty alone. Increased leaflet coaptation after PLA provides redundancy to IMR repair, and may decrease incidence of both recurrent IMR and m... | yes |
22,795,057 | Do variations in the vascular endothelial growth factor pathway predict pulmonary complications? | {
"contexts": [
"Clinical factors predicting pulmonary complications after lung resection have been well described, whereas the role of genetics is unknown. The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway has been linked to acute lung injury. We hypothesized that genetic variations in this pathway... | Genetic variations in the VEGF pathway are associated with risk of pulmonary complications after lobectomy. This may offer insight into the underlying biological mechanisms of pulmonary complications. | yes |
22,771,051 | Does onion ( Allium cepa ) extract attenuate brain edema? | {
"contexts": [
"This study investigated the potential beneficial effects of onion extract on brain ischemia-induced edema and blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction. The possible underlying mechanisms are investigated, especially those linked to the antioxidant effects of the onion extract.",
"Brain ischemia ... | The results from this study demonstrate that onion extract prevents brain edema, BBB hyperpermeability, and tight junction proteins disruption, possibly through its antioxidant effects in the mouse MCAO model. This study suggests that onion extract may be a beneficial nutrient for the prevention of BBB function during ... | yes |
22,769,234 | Does the Nuremberg Code subvert human health and safety by requiring animal modeling? | {
"contexts": [
"The requirement that animals be used in research and testing in order to protect humans was formalized in the Nuremberg Code and subsequent national and international laws, codes, and declarations."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND"
],
"meshes": []
} | We review the history of these requirements and contrast what was known via science about animal models then with what is known now. We further analyze the predictive value of animal models when used as test subjects for human response to drugs and disease. We explore the use of animals for models in toxicity testing a... | yes |
22,790,511 | Is female gender a risk factor for pain , discomfort , and fatigue after laparoscopic groin hernia repair? | {
"contexts": [
"Female gender is a risk factor for early pain after several specific surgical procedures but has not been studied in detail after laparoscopic groin hernia repair. The aim of this study was to compare early postoperative pain, discomfort, fatigue, and nausea and vomiting between genders undergoin... | Women experienced more pain, discomfort, and fatigue compared with men after laparoscopic groin hernia repair. | yes |
22,773,700 | Is diastolic function reduced in adolescents with type 1 diabetes in response to exercise? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether adolescents with type 1 diabetes have left ventricular functional changes at rest and during acute exercise and whether these changes are affected by metabolic control and diabetes duration.",
"The study evaluated 53 adolescents with type 1 diabetes and 22 control adolesc... | Adolescents with type 1 diabetes have reduced exercise capacity and display alterations in cardiac function compared with nondiabetic control subjects, associated with reduced stroke volume during exercise. | yes |
22,788,551 | Does insulin receptor substrate-1 prevent autophagy-dependent cell death caused by oxidative stress in mouse NIH/3T3 cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 is associated with tumorigenesis; its levels are elevated in several human cancers. IRS-1 protein binds to several oncogene proteins. Oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in the initiation and progression of cancers. Cancer cells produ... | Our results suggest that overexpression of IRS-1 promotes cells growth, inhibits basal autophagy, reduces oxidative stress-induced autophagy, and diminishes oxidative stress-mediated autophagy-dependent cell death. ROS-mediated autophagy may occur via inhibition of IRS-1/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/mTOR signaling. Ou... | yes |
22,789,111 | Is kidney function decline after a non-dialysis-requiring acute kidney injury associated with higher long-term mortality in critically ill survivors? | {
"contexts": [
"The adverse consequences of a non-dialysis-requiring acute kidney injury (AKI) are unclear. This study aimed to assess the long-term prognoses for critically ill patients experiencing a non-dialysis-requiring AKI.",
"This retrospective observational cohort study investigated non-dialysis-requ... | In critically ill patients who survive a non-dialysis-requiring AKI, there is a need for continuous monitoring and kidney function protection beyond discharge. | yes |
22,799,573 | Does downstream Toll-like receptor signaling mediate adaptor-specific cytokine expression following focal cerebral ischemia? | {
"contexts": [
"Deletion of some Toll-like receptors (TLRs) affords protection against cerebral ischemia, but disruption of their known major downstream adaptors does not. To determine whether compensation in the production of downstream effectors by one pathway when the other is disrupted can explain these find... | Both MyD88 and TRIF mediate pathway-specific cytokine production following focal cerebral ischemia. Our results also suggest a compensatory Th2-type skew at baseline in MyD88(-/-) mice and a paradoxical switch to a Th1 phenotype following focal cerebral ischemia. The MyD88 pathway directs the expression of neutrophil c... | yes |
22,781,318 | Do [ Analysis of distribution characteristics and drug resistance of 2748 strains of pathogens isolated from burn patients ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To provide epidemiological data of the distribution characteristics and drug resistance of the pathogens isolated from burn patients in recent years for guiding rational use of antibiotics in clinic.",
"Totally 2748 strains of pathogens were isolated from 1977 specimens (blood, catheter, woun... | The three dominant pathogens that cause infection in burn patients hospitalized in Institute of Burn Research of Southwest Hospital in recent years are PA, SA, and AB in order. PA and AB are outstandingly multidrug-resistant among the isolated strains. AB might replace PA as the main pathogenic bacterium that cause the... | yes |
22,790,388 | Does endoplasmic reticulum stress modulate liver inflammatory immune response in the pathogenesis of liver ischemia and reperfusion injury? | {
"contexts": [
"Although endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been implicated in the pathophysiology of organ ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), the underlying mechanisms have yet to be fully elucidated. In particular, because tissue proinflammatory immune response is the key mediator of local IRI, how ER stres... | Our study documents a potential immune regulatory role of ER stress in the mechanism of liver IRI and provides a rationale for targeting stress response as a new therapeutic means to ameliorate tissue inflammation in organ transplant recipients. | yes |
22,771,123 | Is liver cirrhosis but not alcohol abuse associated with impaired outcome in trauma patients - a retrospective , multicentre study? | {
"contexts": [
"Liver cirrhosis has been shown to be associated with impaired outcome in patients who underwent elective surgery. We therefore investigated the impact of alcohol abuse and subsequent liver cirrhosis on outcome in multiple trauma patients.",
"Using the multi-centre population-based Trauma Regi... | Patients suffering from liver cirrhosis presented impaired outcome after multiple injuries. Pre-existing condition such as cirrhosis should be implemented in trauma scores to assess the individual mortality risk profile. | yes |
22,769,043 | Do synthesized OVA323-339MAP octamers mitigate OVA-induced airway inflammation by regulating Foxp3 T regulatory cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Antigen-specific immunotherapy (SIT) has been widely practiced in treating allergic diseases such as asthma. However, this therapy may induce a series of allergic adverse events during treatment. Peptide immunotherapy (PIT) was explored to overcome these disadvantages. We confirmed that multiple ... | Our study indicates that OVA323-339MAP had significant therapeutic effects on mice allergic airway inflammation by regulating the balance of Th1/Th2 response through Treg cells in vivo. | yes |
22,771,081 | Is reassessment of blood culture-negative endocarditis : its profile similar to that of blood culture-positive endocarditis? | {
"contexts": [
"Left-sided infective endocarditis with blood culture-negative has been associated with delayed diagnosis, a greater number of in-hospital complications and need for surgery, and consequently worse prognosis. The aim of our study was to review the current situation of culture-negative infective en... | Currently, previous antibiotic therapy is no longer more prevalent in patients with blood culture-negative endocarditis. This entity does not imply a delayed diagnosis and worse prognosis compared with blood culture-positive endocarditis. In-hospital clinical course, the need for surgery and mortality are similar to th... | yes |
22,770,403 | Are pTEN and PDCD4 bona fide targets of microRNA-21 in human cholangiocarcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the expression profile of microRNA-21 in human cholangiocarcinoma tissues and to validate its bona fide targets in human cholangiocarcinoma cells.",
"The expression profile of microRNA-21 in human cholangiocarcinoma tissues and cholangiocarcinoma cell line, QBC939, was evaluate... | microRNA-21 expression is up-regulated in human cholangiocarcinoma and PTEN, PDCD4 are direct effectors of microRNA-21. | yes |
22,800,364 | Does a comparison of cancer burden and research spending reveal discrepancies in the distribution of research funding? | {
"contexts": [
"Ideally, the distribution of research funding for different types of cancer should be equitable with respect to the societal burden each type of cancer imposes. These burdens can be estimated in a variety of ways; \"Years of Life Lost\" (YLL) measures the severity of death in regard to the age it... | These discrepancies indicate that an improved method of health care research funding allocation should be investigated to better match funding levels to societal burden. | yes |
22,799,215 | Does [ Capsular saliva acid of Streptococcus suis 2 influence virulence and host inflammatory responses ]? | {
"contexts": [
"We clarified the pathogenic influence of the absence of Streptococcus suis type 2 capsular saliva acid on BLAB/c mice.",
"The virulence of the experimental strains were compared; the distribution of strains in vivo was determined by quantitative plating. Histopathological analysis was used to... | Capsular saliva acid affects bacterial virulence and host cell inflammation response. As an important virulence factor of Streptococcus suis type 2, it can damage the blood brain barrier and cause meningitis. | yes |
22,795,905 | Is computer-based symptom assessment feasible in patients with advanced cancer : results from an international multicenter study , the EPCRC-CSA? | {
"contexts": [
"Symptom assessment by computers is only effective if it provides valid results and is perceived as useful for clinical use by the end users: patients and health care providers.",
"To identify factors associated with discontinuation, time expenditure, and patient preferences of the computerize... | The high completion rate shows that symptom assessment by computers is feasible in patients with advanced cancer. However, reduced performance status reduces compliance and increases the need for assistance. Future work should aim at identifying the minimum set of valid screening questions and refine the software to op... | yes |
22,793,002 | Are heat shock proteins therapeutic targets in autoimmune diseases and other chronic inflammatory conditions? | {
"contexts": [
"Exploitation of antigen-specific regulatory T cells (Tregs) as critical regulators in the control of chronic inflammatory diseases is hampered by the obscure nature of most disease-relevant autoantigens. Heat shock proteins (Hsp) are possible targets for Tregs due to their enhanced expression in ... | Therapeutic approaches via exploitation of antigen-specific Tregs will benefit from tailor-made combination therapies. Combining current therapeutic approaches with Hsp-specific therapies thereby enhancing natural immune regulation might expedite the entry of antigen-specific regulatory T cells into the therapeutic ars... | yes |
22,781,587 | Does let-7b regulate the expression of the growth hormone receptor gene in deletion-type dwarf chickens? | {
"contexts": [
"A deletion mutation in the growth hormone receptor (GHR) gene results in the inhibition of skeletal muscle growth and fat deposition in dwarf chickens. We used microarray techniques to determine microRNA (miRNA) and mRNA expression profiles of GHR in the skeletal muscles of 14-day-old embryos as ... | There is a critical miRNA, let-7b, involved in the regulation of GHR. SOCS3 plays a critical role in regulating skeletal muscle growth and fat deposition via let-7b-mediated GHR expression. | yes |
22,783,054 | Do omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids promote liver regeneration after 90 % hepatectomy in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the effectiveness of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (ω-3 PUFA) administration on liver regeneration after 90% partial hepatectomy (PH) in rats.",
"ω-3 PUFAs were intravenously injected in the ω-3 PUFA group before PH surgery. PH, sparing only the caudate lobe, was performed in... | Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids may prevent acute liver failure and promote liver regeneration after 90% hepatectomy in rats. | yes |
22,781,513 | Do portuguese recommendations for the use of biological therapies in patients with axial spondyloarthritis -- December 2011 update? | {
"contexts": [
"To develop recommendations for the treatment of axial spondyloarthritis with biological therapies, endorsed by the Portuguese Society of Rheumatology.",
"These treatment recommendations were formulated by Portuguese rheumatologists based on literature evidence and consensus opinion. A draft o... | These recommendations may be used for guidance in deciding which patients with axial spondyloarthritis should be treated with biological therapies. They cover a rapidly evolving area of therapeutic intervention. As more evidence becomes available and more biological therapies are licensed, these recommendations will ha... | yes |
22,799,316 | Is preoperative BRAF mutation predictive of occult contralateral carcinoma in patients with unilateral papillary thyroid microcarcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"The optimal resection extent for clinically unilateral papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) remains controversial. The objective was to investigate risk factors associated with occult contralateral carcinoma, and put emphasis on the predictive value of preoperative BRAF mutation.",
"100 cl... | Total thyroidectomy, including the contralateral lobe, should be considered for the treatment of unilateral PTMC if preoperative BRAF mutation is positive and/or if the observed lesion presents as a multifocal tumor in the unilateral lobe. | yes |
22,785,360 | Does rotavirus infection of human cholangiocytes parallel the murine model of biliary atresia? | {
"contexts": [
"Biliary atresia (BA) is the leading indication for liver transplantation in the pediatric population. The murine model of BA supports a viral etiology, because infection of neonatal mice with rhesus rotavirus (RRV) results in biliary obstruction. Viral infection targets the biliary epithelium and... | Both immortalized and primary human cholangiocytes are susceptible to RRV infection in a fashion similar to murine cholangiocytes. These novel findings suggest rotavirus infection could have a potential role in the pathogenesis of human BA. | yes |
22,774,605 | Does [ Expression of TEKT4 protein decrease in the ejaculated spermatozoa of idiopathic asthenozoospermic men ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the role of the TEKT4 protein in the pathogenesis of idiopathic asthenozoospermia.",
"We separated and purified the ejaculated sperm from idiopathic asthenozoospermia patients and normozoospermic men by Percoll discontinuous density gradients, and detected the distribution and ... | The expression of TEKT4 is significantly decreased in the ejaculated sperm of idiopathic asthenozoospermia patients, which might be one of the causes of idiopathic asthenozoospermia. | yes |
22,779,187 | Does [ Icariin reduce mitochondrial oxidative stress injury in diabetic rat hearts ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the effects of icariin on cardiac functions and mitochondrial oxidative stress in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.",
"Male SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group, icariin control group, diabetic group, and diabetic groups administered with a low dose... | Treatment with icariin for 8 weeks markedly improved the cardiac function, which may be related to reducing mitochondrial oxidative stress injuries in diabetic rats. | yes |
22,784,361 | Does intra-articular injection of mesenchymal stem cells expressing coagulation factor ameliorate hemophilic arthropathy in factor VIII-deficient mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Transplantation of cells overexpressing a target protein represents a viable gene therapeutic approach for treating hemophilia. Here, we focused on the use of autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) expressing coagulation factor for the treatment of coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) deficiency in ... | MSCs provide a promising autologous cell source for the production of coagulation factor. Intra-articular injection of MSCs expressing coagulation factor may offer an attractive treatment approach for hemophilic arthropathy. | yes |
22,769,979 | Does a haemoperitoneum indicate active bleeding in the peritoneum in 50 % of hypotensive blunt trauma patients : a study of 110 severe trauma patients? | {
"contexts": [
"We hypothesised that in blunt trauma patients with haemodynamic instability and haemoperitoneum on hospital admission, the haemorrhagic source may not be confined to the peritoneum. The purpose of this study was to describe the incidence and location of bleeding source in this population.",
"... | Haemoperitoneum was associated with PAB in only 52% of hypotensive blunt trauma patients and 63% of bleeding patients. In contrast, 59% of bleeding patients had at least one EPAB. The screening of a haemoperitoneum as a marker of active haemorrhagic source may be confusing and lead to misdiagnosis and inappropriate str... | no |
22,798,531 | Does the sequence of administration of 1.5 % mepivacaine and 0.5 % bupivacaine affect latency of block onset or duration of analgesia in ultrasound-guided interscalene block? | {
"contexts": [
"During peripheral nerve blockade, different local anesthetics may be sequentially administered. Typically, a short- or intermediate-acting local anesthetic is administered before a long-acting local anesthetic to achieve a block with rapid onset and long duration. However, there is a paucity of d... | The sequence in which 15 mL mepivacaine 1.5% and 15 mL bupivacaine 0.5% are administered does not seem to have a clinically meaningful effect on duration or onset of ultrasound-guided interscalene brachial plexus block. | no |
22,784,560 | Is 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome in patients with non-diabetic chronic kidney disease? | {
"contexts": [
"Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) not requiring dialysis have a high prevalence of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) deficiency but the relationship between 25(OH)D levels and metabolic syndrome is unknown in this population.",
"This study analyzed stored plasma samples from 495 non-diab... | 25(OH)D deficiency is strongly associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome in non-diabetic patients with severe CKD not yet on dialysis, independent of cardiometabolic risk factors and other important regulators of mineral metabolism. | yes |
22,776,074 | Is rs11203203 associated with type 1 diabetes risk in population pre-screened for high-risk HLA-DR , DQ genotypes? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate UBASH3A (rs11203203) as a predictor of persistent islet autoimmunity (IA) and type 1 diabetes (T1D).",
"The Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young (DAISY) followed prospectively for development of persistent IA (autoantibodies to insulin, GAD65, IA-2, or ZnT8 on at least two con... | UBASH3A appears to be an independent predictor of IA and T1D in children, including those free of family history of T1D but carrying the HLA-DR3/4,DQB1*0302 genotype. If confirmed, UBASH3A may prove useful in T1D risk prediction and pre-screening of the general population children for clinical trials. | yes |
22,766,675 | Is perfusion-weighted imaging-derived collateral flow index a predictor of MCA M1 recanalization after i.v . thrombolysis? | {
"contexts": [
"Recent studies highlight the role of CC in preserving ischemic penumbra. Some authors suggested the quality of CC could also impact recanalization. The purpose of this study is to test this hypothesis in patients who were treated with i.v. thrombolysis for MCA-M1 occlusion.",
"A normalized in... | The nCCD index is a predictor of full MCA-M1 recanalization in patients treated with i.v. thrombolysis. | yes |
22,766,670 | Does 11C-methionine uptake correlate with combined 1p and 19q loss of heterozygosity in oligodendroglial tumors? | {
"contexts": [
"Oligodendroglial tumors with 1p/19q LOH are known to show longer patient survival than those without 1p/19q LOH, but the reason for this clinical difference has not been elucidated, to our knowledge. This study was designed to clarify whether uptake of MET correlates with 1p/19q LOH of oligodendr... | The T/N ratio on MET PET might be a useful aid to the diagnosis of 1p/19q LOH. Our data add new information on the biology and imaging characteristics of oligodendroglial tumors with 1p/19q LOH. | yes |
22,786,663 | Does nitric oxide mediate the blood pressure response to mental stress in humans? | {
"contexts": [
"Nitric oxide (NO) regulates arterial pressure by modulating peripheral vascular tone and sympathetic vasoconstrictor outflow. NO synthesis is impaired in several major cardiovascular disease states. Loss of NO-induced vasodilator tone and restraint on sympathetic outflow could result in exaggerat... | Mental stress causes pressor and sympathoexcitatory effects in humans that are mediated by NO. These findings are consistent with the new concept that, in contrast to what has been generally assumed, under some circumstances, NO has a blood pressure raising action in vivo. | yes |
22,781,105 | Does the flavonoid morin restore blood pressure and lipid metabolism in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats? | {
"contexts": [
"This study was undertaken to investigate the antihypertensive and antihyperlipedimic potential of morin against deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertensive rats.",
"Hypertension was induced in uninephrectomized rats (UNX) by weekly twice subcutaneous injection of DOCA (25 mg/kg) and ... | Morin has a potential role in attenuating severe hypertension and hyperlipedimia. | yes |
22,771,646 | Does amygdalin inhibit angiogenesis in the cultured endothelial cells of diabetic rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Angiogenesis contributes to different physiological and pathological conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate for the first time the antiangiogenic effects of amygdalin on the cultured endothelial cells of diabetic rats.",
"A total of 20 streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were d... | Therefore, amygdalin exerts inhibitory effects on angiogenesis in aortic rings of diabetic rats and may pave a new way for treatment of unfavorable angiogenic conditions. | yes |
22,770,992 | Is epicardial adipose tissue increased in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus? | {
"contexts": [
"Morbidity and mortality secondary to premature cardiovascular disease (CVD) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) remain significant issues. The pathogenesis of CVD in SLE patients has not been fully explored. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is believed to contribute to atherosclerosis developmen... | The increased EAT volume seen in SLE patients is associated with corticosteroid use. Corticosteroids could have adverse cardiovascular effects in SLE via an increase in EAT volume, a marker of risk in the general population. | yes |
22,777,825 | Is high-dose plasmid-mediated VEGF gene transfer safe in patients with severe ischemic heart disease ( Genesis-I ) . A phase I , open-label , two-year follow-up trial? | {
"contexts": [
"We aimed to assess safety and, secondarily, the efficacy of intramyocardial high-dose plasmid-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) 165 (pVEGF165) gene transfer in no-option patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).",
"Controlled trials of pVEGF165 in CAD have shown little benefit. One... | High-dose intramyocardial pVEGF165 is safe at 2 years follow-up in patients with severe CAD. The efficacy results observed must be taken cautiously given the uncontrolled, open-label study design. | yes |
22,796,120 | Is vein graft neointimal hyperplasia exacerbated by CXCR4 signaling in vein graft-extrinsic cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Because vein graft neointimal hyperplasia engenders vein graft failure, and because most vein graft neointimal cells derive from outside the vein graft, we sought to determine whether vein graft neointimal hyperplasia is affected by activity of the CXC chemokine receptor-4 (CXCR4), which is impor... | We conclude that CXCR4 contributes to vein graft neointimal hyperplasia through mechanisms that alter homing to the vein graft of graft-extrinsic cells, particularly leukocytes. | yes |
22,793,526 | Is eucapnic voluntary hyperventilation superior to methacholine challenge testing for detecting airway hyperreactivity in nonathletes? | {
"contexts": [
"Response to eucapnic voluntary hyperventilation (EVH) has not been compared with methacholine challenge testing (MCCT) in nonathletes being evaluated for dyspnea on exertion.",
"To determine the airway response to EVH and MCCT in a population of nonathletes who exercise regularly but have sym... | EIB is common in nonathletes with exercise-induced symptoms, and EVH is the preferred test for this population. | yes |
22,783,510 | Do one stage reconstruction of skull exposed by burn injury using a tissue expansion technique? | {
"contexts": [
"An area of the skull exposed by burn injury has been covered by various methods including local flap, skin graft, or free flap surgery. Each method has disadvantages, such as postoperative alopecia or donor site morbidities. Due to the risk of osteomyelitis in the injured skull during the expansi... | Successful coverage was performed by tissue expansion surgery in burned skull primarily and no secondary reconstruction was needed. Although the risks of osteomyelitis during the expansion period were present, constant coverage of the injured skull and active wound treatment helped successful primary reconstruction of ... | yes |
22,781,035 | Does [ Hydrogen sulfide stimulate the development of rat glioblastoma ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To address the hypothesis that hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) is a functionally significant stimulator in the development of glioblastoma (GBM) and explore the mechanism of stimulation.",
"Forty adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were given intracerebral injection of rat C6 glioma cell suspension, and ... | H(2)S serves as a stimulator in the development of rat glioblastoma and exogenous H(2)S strongly promotes the tumor growth. The stimulating mechanisms include the increase of HIF-1α expression and neovascular formation. H(2)S may be a significant regulator in the development of tumor. | yes |
22,777,159 | Does colostrum of healthy mothers contain broad spectrum of secretory IgA autoantibodies? | {
"contexts": [
"Human colostrum and milk provide a newborn with immunomodulatory components, ensuring protection and proper development of the immune system. Secretory IgA antibodies in colostrum represent the first line of defence against harmful substances, but their potential spectra of reactivity with autoan... | The broad spectrum of polyreactive natural autoantibodies present in human colostrum may contribute to proper development of mucosal immune system of the breastfed infant. | yes |
22,791,283 | Does brushing force of manual and sonic toothbrushes affect dental hard tissue abrasion? | {
"contexts": [
"This study aimed to determine the brushing forces applied during in vivo toothbrushing with manual and sonic toothbrushes and to analyse the effect of these brushing forces on abrasion of sound and eroded enamel and dentin in vitro.",
"Brushing forces of a manual and two sonic toothbrushes (l... | Brushing forces of manual and sonic toothbrushes are different and affect their abrasive capacity. | yes |
22,772,340 | Is reduced CD151 expression related to advanced tumour stage in urothelial bladder cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"CD151 belongs to the group of tetraspanins and is aberrantly expressed in different tumours and differential expression has been associated with prognosis. The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship of CD151 expression with tumour phenotype and clinical outcome in bladder cancer.",
... | On the basis of our data we conclude that loss of CD151 may contribute to bladder cancer progression through attenuation of cell adhesion. In clinically defined subgroups CD151 expression does not provide additional prognostic information. | yes |
22,768,171 | Does radiation impair perineural invasion by modulating the nerve microenvironment? | {
"contexts": [
"Perineural invasion (PNI) by cancer cells is an ominous clinical event that is associated with increased local recurrence and poor prognosis. Although radiation therapy (RT) may be delivered along the course of an invaded nerve, the mechanisms through which radiation may potentially control PNI r... | Radiation may impair PNI through not only direct effects on cancer cell viability, but also an independent interruption of paracrine mechanisms underlying PNI. RT modulation of the nerve microenvironment may decrease PNI, and hold significant therapeutic implications for RT dosing and field design for patients with can... | yes |
22,792,388 | Does iL-15 expression on RA synovial fibroblasts promote B cell survival? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was to examine the role of RA Synovial Fibroblast (RASFib) IL-15 expression on B cell survival.",
"Magnetically sorted peripheral blood memory B cells from 15 healthy subjects were cocultured with RASFib.",
"RASFib constitutively expressed membrane IL-15. Surviva... | IL-15 expression on RASFib significantly contributes to the anti-apoptotic effect of RASFib on B cells. IL-15 action is facilitated by BAFF and VCAM-1 expressed on RASFib, through an upregulation of IL-15R chains. | yes |
22,776,658 | Do marginal and internal fit of two different zirconium copings fabricated on the implant abutment? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the accuracy of marginal and internal fit of the zirconium copings manufactured by two different computer-aided design(CAD)/computer-aided manufacturing(CAM)system on the implant abutment.",
"Using different scanning mode,five Procera(®) zirconium copings and five Lava zirconium c... | These two types of zirconium coping have clinically acceptable marginal and internal fit. The internal fit of zirconium coping may be affected by different manufacturing techniques. | yes |
22,790,885 | Are oral contraceptive use in girls and alcohol consumption in boys associated with increased blood pressure in late adolescence? | {
"contexts": [
"Lifestyle behaviours established during adolescence may adversely affect blood pressure (BP) and contribute to gender differences in cardiovascular risk in adulthood. We aimed to assess the association of health behaviours with BP in adolescents, using data from the Western Australian Pregnancy (... | In addition to gender-related differences in the effects of adiposity on BP, we found lifestyle-related health behaviours such as high salt intake for both sexes, consumption of alcohol in boys, and OC use in girls were important factors associated with BP measurements in late adolescence. This suggests that gender-spe... | yes |
22,792,815 | Do epidemiologic evaluation of patients with major burns and recommendations for burn prevention? | {
"contexts": [
"Burns are an important health problem in our country and in the world. In our study, we aimed to epidemiologically analyze the patients who were hospitalized in a burn unit that serves 3 million individuals in Central Anatolia.",
"Records of 457 patients who had been hospitalized in the burn ... | In our study, children in the 0-5 age group were found to be the most commonly affected group with respect to indoor burns. The basic contributing factor is that children spend more time in the house and are more active. Scalding burns may be prevented when greater care is taken when using hot liquids that may lead to ... | yes |
22,778,179 | Does cytokine production increases and cytokine clearance decrease in mice with bilateral nephrectomy? | {
"contexts": [
"Serum cytokines are increased in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) and predict increased mortality. It is widely assumed that increased renal production of cytokines is the source of increased serum cytokines; the role of extra-renal cytokine production and impaired renal cytokine clearance... | Increased mononuclear phagocyte production and impaired renal clearance contribute to serum cytokine accumulation in AKI, independent of kidney injury. The effect of AKI on cytokine production and clearance may contribute to the increased mortality of patients with AKI. | yes |
22,795,370 | Do patients with cystic fibrosis have inducible IL-17+IL-22+ memory cells in lung draining lymph nodes? | {
"contexts": [
"IL-17 is an important cytokine signature of the TH differentiation pathway TH17. This T-cell subset is crucial in mediating autoimmune disease or antimicrobial immunity in animal models, but its presence and role in human disease remain to be completely characterized.",
"We set out to determi... | Inducible proliferation of TH17(22) with memory cell characteristics is seen in the lungs of patients with CF. The function of these individual subpopulations will require further study regarding their development. T cells are likely not the exclusive producers of IL-17 and IL-22, and this will require further characte... | yes |
22,795,314 | Does glucose control predict 2-year change in lipid profile in youth with type 1 diabetes? | {
"contexts": [
"To test the hypothesis that a change in glycated hemoglobin (A1c) over a follow-up interval of approximately 2 years would be associated with concomitant changes in fasting lipids in individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D).",
"All subjects with T1D diagnosed in 2002-2005 in the SEARCH for Diab... | Improved glucose control over a 2-year follow-up was associated with a more favorable lipid profile but may be insufficient to normalize lipids in dyslipidemic T1D youth needing to decrease lipids to goal. | yes |
22,795,728 | Do polymeric nanoparticles containing taxanes enhance chemoradiotherapeutic efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"To reduce the side effects and improve the efficacy of chemoradiation therapy, taxanes were incorporated into polymeric nanoparticles (PNP), and their synergic effect on radiation therapy in non-small cell lung cancer was evaluated.",
"The properties of PNP-taxanes were characterized by trans... | We have demonstrated the feasibility of PNP-taxanes to enhance the efficacy of chemoradiation therapy. These results suggest PNP-taxanes can hold an invaluable and promising position in treating human cancers as a novel and effective chemoradiation therapy agent. | yes |
22,772,741 | Does hepatocellular carcinoma predict in-hospital mortality from acute variceal hemorrhage among patients with cirrhosis? | {
"contexts": [
"Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common complication among patients with cirrhosis. Data are limited on the impact of HCC on in-hospital mortality from acute variceal hemorrhage (AVH) in patients with cirrhosis.",
"National in-hospital sample (1998 to 2007) was used to analyze admissions w... | HCC predicts in-hospital mortality from AVH in patients with cirrhosis. Studies are needed to examine and understand mechanisms of these findings to further develop better modalities of management of AVH in patients with cirrhosis and HCC. | yes |
22,795,290 | Do fasting glucose levels within the high normal range predict cardiovascular outcome? | {
"contexts": [
"Diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose metabolism are associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, it is still not clear whether glucose levels can predict CVD risk among patients without diabetes. The primary aim of this study is to assess whether normoglycemic fasti... | Elevated CVD risk is strongly and independently associated with glucose levels within the normoglycemic range. Fasting plasma glucose may help in identifying apparently healthy persons with early metabolic abnormalities who are at increased risk for CVD before progression to prediabetes and overt diabetes mellitus. | yes |
22,790,457 | Is second measurement of morning systolic blood pressure more closely associated with albuminuria? | {
"contexts": [
"It is important to control blood pressure as well as to control blood glucose for the prevention of diabetic nephropathy. However, to our knowledge, there are no reports investigating which blood pressure, including morning, evening and clinic, is more closely associated with albuminuria and whet... | The second measurement of morning systolic blood pressure is more closely associated with albuminuria than the first measurement of the morning in addition to clinic systolic blood pressure. | yes |
22,767,145 | Does akt1 mediate prostate cancer cell microinvasion and chemotaxis to metastatic stimuli via integrin β₃ affinity modulation? | {
"contexts": [
"Activation of Akt and increased expression of integrin β(3) are the two most important changes that have been linked to the attainment of metastatic potential by prostate cancer cells. However, a direct link between Akt activity and inside-out activation of integrin β(3) in mediating prostate can... | Our data is the first to demonstrate a link between Akt1 activity and affinity modulation of integrin β(3) in the regulation of prostate cancer cell motility, transendothelial migration and chemotaxis to metastatic stimuli. | yes |
22,801,059 | Do patients with celiac disease have an increased risk for pancreatitis? | {
"contexts": [
"Patients with celiac disease have been reported to be at increased risk for pancreatitis and pancreatic insufficiency, but the risk might have been overestimated because of patient selection and limited numbers of patients for analysis. Furthermore, no distinction has been made between patients w... | Based on an analysis of medical records from Sweden, patients with celiac disease have an almost 3-fold increase in risk of developing pancreatitis, compared with the general population. | yes |
22,773,062 | Is endoscopic and histological gastric lesions in children with celiac disease : mucosal involvement only confined to the duodenum? | {
"contexts": [
"Lymphocytic gastritis (LG) has been reported in patients with celiac disease (CD). The aim of the present study was to evaluate gastric mucosa involvement in celiac children and gastroenterological controls (GC).",
"In a retrospective study on 226 patients with CD (82 M; median age: 5.7 year... | Gastritis is a common finding in children with CD and adolescents. In celiac subjects, CSG is the most frequently detected. Our data suggest the hypothesis that LG may be related to a longer exposure to gluten. The presence of GPCA may suggest the presence of an underlying autoimmune process. | no |
22,768,815 | Do [ Medical students ' pleasure for participating in peer assessment ]? | {
"contexts": [
"to explore the agreement of medical students (MS) with the statement \"I liked participating in my peers' assessment\" and the explanations why.",
"the peer assessment of 411 MS who participated consisted in assessing audiovisual lectures presented by their classmates using rubrics. Then, the... | knowing the explanations given by the MS to support their agreement with the pleasure for participating in peer assessment allows a more adequate approach to conflicts. | yes |
22,768,811 | Do [ Systemic steroids use in second degree burn using an animal model ]? | {
"contexts": [
"the use of steroids is recognized in septic shock. There are reports of their use in burns. It is also known their negative effect in wound healing.",
"to know the effect of steroids in burn healing.",
"two groups of ten rats (wistar) were exposed to metallic cylinder at 95°C for 15 secon... | the use of steroids in burns only showed difference in vascular proliferation. | yes |
22,777,339 | Are concomitant symptoms itemized in the Reflux Disease Questionnaire associated with attenuated heartburn response to acid suppression? | {
"contexts": [
"The Reflux Disease Questionnaire (RDQ) contains six symptom items for diagnosing and gauging gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) severity. However, clinical trials have generally focused only on the \"substernal burning\" item and limited data exist on the effect of concomitant items on the tr... | Other concomitant RDQ items, particularly "substernal pain" or "dyspepsia-pain", were associated with a reduced treatment effect of acid suppression on "substernal burning". These findings support the use of a more comprehensive assessment of disease state and treatment response in GERD trials and clinical practice. | yes |
22,790,263 | Does the C57BL/6 genetic background confer cardioprotection in iron-overloaded mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Chronic transfusion therapy causes a progressive iron overload that damages many organs including the heart. Recent evidence suggests that L-type calcium channels play an important role in iron uptake by cardiomyocytes under conditions of iron overload. Given that beta-adrenergic stimulation sign... | These results demonstrate that C57bl/6 mice are resistant to iron overload-induced myocardial injury and that treatment with propranolol is able to increase cardiac performance in iron-overloaded mice. However, since C57bl/6 mice were resistant to iron-induced injury, it remains to be evaluated further whether proprano... | yes |
22,793,018 | Does early childhood television viewing predict explosive leg strength and waist circumference by middle childhood? | {
"contexts": [
"The relationship between early childhood television viewing and physical fitness in school age children has not been extensively studied using objective outcome measures.",
"Using a sample of 1314 children from the Québec Longitudinal Study of Child Development, we examine the association bet... | Watching television excessively in early childhood, may eventually compromise muscular fitness and waist circumference in children as they approach pubertal age. | yes |
22,776,881 | Does expiratory loading improve cardiac output during exercise in heart failure? | {
"contexts": [
"The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of changes in expiratory intrathoracic pressure on stroke volume (SV) at rest and during moderate exercise in patients with heart failure versus healthy individuals.",
"SV was obtained by echocardiography during spontaneous breathing a... | Expiratory loading during moderate exercise elicited increases in SVI and CI in patients with heart failure but decreased SVI and CI in healthy individuals. Improvements in cardiac function during submaximal exercise in patients with heart failure may be caused by a beneficial reduction in left ventricular preload. | yes |
22,794,665 | Does mindfulness-based stress reduction ( MBSR ) improve long-term mental fatigue after stroke or traumatic brain injury? | {
"contexts": [
"Patients who suffer from mental fatigue after a stroke or traumatic brain injury (TBI) have a drastically reduced capacity for work and for participating in social activities. Since no effective therapy exists, the aim was to implement a novel, non-pharmacological strategy aimed at improving the ... | The results from the present study show that MBSR may be a promising non-pharmacological treatment for mental fatigue after a stroke or TBI. | yes |
22,784,331 | Does a drug-like antagonist inhibit thyrotropin receptor-mediated stimulation of cAMP production in Graves ' orbital fibroblasts? | {
"contexts": [
"Fibroblasts (FIBs) within the retro-orbital space of patients with Graves' disease (GOFs) express thyrotropin receptors (TSHRs) and are thought to be an orbital target of TSHR-stimulating autoantibodies in Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO). Recently, we developed a low molecular weight, drug-like TSHR ... | These data confirm previous findings that TSHR activation may cause increased cAMP production in GOFs and show that NCGC00229600 can inhibit TSHR activation in GOFs. These findings suggest that drug-like TSHR antagonists may have a role in treatment of GO. | yes |
22,772,018 | Is biofilm formation by otopathogenic strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa consistently inhibited by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid? | {
"contexts": [
"Biofilm formation in otopathogenic of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (OPPA) strains is inhibited by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA).",
"EDTA, a widely used chelating agent, has been shown to inhibit biofilm formation in a number of bacteria. Because EDTA may be a well-tolerated reagent to inhi... | Our hypothesis was disproven: EDTA tends to delay biofilm development, although it consistently inhibits planktonic growth. Because EDTA does not cause suppression of biofilm production in all isolates of OPPA, usefulness as an antimicrobial is questioned. | no |
22,777,994 | Does glycoprotein 96 perpetuate the persistent inflammation of rheumatoid arthritis? | {
"contexts": [
"The mechanisms that contribute to the persistent activation of macrophages in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are incompletely understood. The aim of this study was to determine the contribution of endogenous gp96 in Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated macrophage activation in RA.",
"RA synovial flui... | These observations support the notion that gp96 plays a role as an endogenous TLR-2 ligand in RA and identify the TLR-2 pathway as a therapeutic target. | yes |
22,779,946 | Do humeral stress remodelling locations differ in Thoroughbred racehorses training and racing on dirt compared to synthetic racetrack surfaces? | {
"contexts": [
"Veterinarians have observed a putative change in the location of humeral stress remodelling in Thoroughbred racehorses with change from dirt to synthetic racetrack surfaces.",
"To determine whether the location and severity of humeral stress remodelling differs between Thoroughbred racehorses... | Race surface affected humeral scintigraphic lesion location and hence the location of stress remodelling. Lesion severity was associated with lesion location. Complete humeral fracture was associated with caudoproximal stress remodelling and lack of scintigraphic examination. | yes |
22,803,787 | Is white matter microstructure on diffusion tensor imaging associated with conventional magnetic resonance imaging findings and cognitive function in adolescents born preterm? | {
"contexts": [
"Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to evaluate white matter architecture after preterm birth. The goals were (1) to compare white matter microstructure in two cohorts of preterm- and term-born children; and (2) within preterm groups, to determine if sex, gestational age, birthweight, white m... | DTI contributes to understanding individual differences after preterm birth but may not differentiate a relatively high-functioning group of preterm children from a matched group of term-born children. | yes |
22,800,900 | Is icariin associated with exercise therapy an effective treatment for postmenopausal osteoporosis? | {
"contexts": [
"There are no conclusive studies evaluating the interaction between icariin and exercise for treatment of osteoporosis; the efficacy and safety of this treatment combination remains to be evaluated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of icariin treatment combined with exercis... | Exercise combined with icariin had a synergistic effect in the early prevention of osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats. The effects of icariin and exercise on osteoporosis are worth further exploration. | yes |
22,795,624 | Are preterm twin and triplet pregnancies at increased risk for the development of cystic periventricular leukomalacia? | {
"contexts": [
"An increased risk of cerebral palsy in multiples has been reported.",
"To determine the risk for the development of periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) of twin and triplet pregnancy.",
"Retrospective single-centre study at a tertiary care university hospital.",
"Infants ≤ 35 weeks gest... | We found an increased risk for PVL in preterm twin and triplet pregnancies. | yes |
22,803,015 | Do patients undergoing colorectal cancer screening underestimate their cancer risk and delay presentation for screening? | {
"contexts": [
"Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in Canada. Screening guidelines recommend that first-time screening should occur at 50 years of age for average-risk individuals and at 40 years of age for those with a family history of CRC.",
"To examine whether persons with a positive... | Individuals with a positive CRC family history are initiating screening approximately four years earlier than those without a family history; nevertheless, both groups are undergoing screening well past current guideline recommendations. | yes |
22,768,776 | Does [ Nitric oxide act as an excitatory neurotransmitter at hypoglossal motor nucleus ]? | {
"contexts": [
"The study is to observe the effect of nitric oxide (NO) donor and scavenger to the hypoglossal motor nucleus (HMN) activity and explore the underlying mechanism.",
"Male adult anesthetized Wistar rats were anesthetized. The activity of genioglossus (GG), diaphragma, blood pressure (BP) and re... | Acting as an excitatory neurotransmitter of HMN, NO may contribute to the patency of upper airway physiologically. | yes |
22,769,427 | Does variation in the autism candidate gene GABRB3 modulate tactile sensitivity in typically developing children? | {
"contexts": [
"Autism spectrum conditions have a strong genetic component. Atypical sensory sensitivities are one of the core but neglected features of autism spectrum conditions. GABRB3 is a well-characterised candidate gene for autism spectrum conditions. In mice, heterozygous Gabrb3 deletion is associated wi... | This is the first human study to show an association between GABRB3 variation and tactile sensitivity. This provides support for the evidence from animal models implicating the role of GABRB3 variation in the atypical sensory sensitivity in autism spectrum conditions. Future research is underway to directly test this a... | yes |
22,772,331 | Does proteomic analysis indicate altered expression of plasma proteins in a rat nephropathy model? | {
"contexts": [
"Minimal-change nephrotic syndrome is an idiopathic disease in which protein leaks through podocytes into the urine. We used proteomic tools to examine differences of plasma protein expression in healthy rats and rats with doxorubicin-induced nephropathy treated with or without prednisone.",
"... | Significant differences in plasma proteins can be identified by proteomic analysis using SELDI-TOF-MS in a rat model of nephropathy. | yes |
22,777,929 | Does genetic counseling fulfill the counselees ' need for certainty in hereditary breast/ovarian cancer families : an explorative assessment? | {
"contexts": [
"Many cancer-patients undergo DNA testing in the BRCA1/2 genes to receive information about the likelihood that cancer is heritable. Previous nonsystematic studies suggested that DNA testing often does not fulfill the counselees' needs for certainty. We explored the balance between the counselees'... | The counselees' NfC needs more attention in research and practice, for example, when the potential uncertainties of testing are discussed. The counselees' NfC may be assessed and used in tailored, mutual communication of DNA test results. | no |
22,788,972 | Does cD44 rs13347 C > T polymorphism predict breast cancer risk and prognosis in Chinese populations? | {
"contexts": [
"It has been demonstrated that the interplay of adhesion molecule CD44 and its ligands can regulate cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion, as well as tumor-associated angiogenesis and is related to breast cancer patient survival. In this two-stage, case control study, we determined whe... | These findings suggest that CD44 rs13347C>T polymorphism may affect breast cancer development and prognosis by increasing CD44 expression. | yes |
22,800,878 | Does insulin order set improve glycemic control and processes of care? | {
"contexts": [
"The study objective was to evaluate the impact of a standardized preprinted subcutaneous correctional insulin order set on glycemic control, processes of care, and nursing satisfaction.",
"This was a controlled before/after, qualitative study using focus group interviews. The intervention gro... | Standardized insulin order sets reduced hyperglycemia and improved nursing satisfaction and processes of care. Successful implementation required stakeholder engagement, identification of barriers and facilitators in local practice, and tailoring the intervention to target these factors. | yes |
22,782,952 | Does toll-like receptor 2 deficiency increase resistance to Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia in the setting of sepsis-induced immune dysfunction? | {
"contexts": [
"Sepsis is characterized by a dysregulated inflammatory response followed by immunosuppression that favors the development of secondary infections. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are major regulators of the host's response to infections. How variability in TLR signaling may impact the development of s... | In a model of secondary P. aeruginosa pneumonia in postseptic mice, TLR2 deficiency improves survival by promoting efficient bacterial clearance and restoring a proinflammatory cytokine balance in the lung. | yes |
22,782,955 | Does altered left ventricular longitudinal diastolic function correlate with reduced systolic function immediately after anthracycline chemotherapy? | {
"contexts": [
"The benefits from anthracycline chemotherapy are undermined by potentially life-threatening cardiotoxicity. Transthoracic echocardiography is the most commonly used method for monitoring cardiotoxicity, and centres on the measurement of left ventricular systolic function. The aim of this study wa... | Altered LV diastolic function was observed immediately after the administration of therapeutic doses of anthracycline chemotherapy. Furthermore, our analysis indicates that the changes in diastolic function are associated with reduced systolic function. | yes |
22,774,409 | Do a review on an update of NS5B polymerase hepatitis C virus inhibitors? | {
"contexts": [
"Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is widespread, abhorrently under-diagnosed, and radically under-treated. Globally, infection with HCV is a major cause of acute hepatitis and chronic liver disease. Therefore, novel HCV inhibitors are required for the treatment of the HCV infected patients.",
... | In the past decade, intensive hard work has focused on the discovery of both structural and nonstructural inhibitors of the HCV NS5B polymerase. These demanding efforts have resulted in various promising agents advancing in clinical development with emphasis on clinical efficacy and impact for future combination studie... | yes |
22,774,404 | Does interleukin-8 induce the endothelial cell migration through the Rac 1/RhoA-p38MAPK pathway? | {
"contexts": [
"Endothelial cell migration is essential for tumor angiogenesis, and interleukin-8 (IL-8) has been shown to play an important role in tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis. The objective of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanism of IL-8 induced endothelial cell migration in vit... | Our study demonstrates that IL-8-Rac1/RhoA-p38MAPK signaling pathway plays a vital role in the IL-8-induced endothelial cell migration, and it provides new insight into the molecular mechanisms by which IL-8 contributes to tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. | yes |
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