pubid int32 113k 27.9M | question stringlengths 17 664 | context dict | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k | final_decision stringclasses 2
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|---|---|---|---|---|
24,588,099 | Does a new approach to an old hypothesis ; phototherapy affect ductal patency via PGE2 and PGI2? | {
"contexts": [
"Numerous investigations have demonstrated that phototherapy (PT) directly or indirectly causes ductal patency by photorelaxation effect. In this observational study, we aimed to assess the effect of PT on the incidence of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) together with prostaglandins (PGE2) and (PGI... | There was no effect of PT on ductal patency. We can conclude that PGs were eliminated simultaneously with ductal closure and photorelaxation effect did not influence PG levels. | no |
24,616,124 | Does sural sparing pattern discriminate Guillain-Barré syndrome from its mimics? | {
"contexts": [
"Electrodiagnostic features of demyelination are essential for establishing the diagnosis in demyelinating subtypes of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), but they may also occur in disorders that mimic GBS clinically. Information about their frequency in GBS mimics is sparse.",
"Evaluation of elec... | Common electrodiagnostic abnormalities in early demyelinating GBS do not usually exclude other rare differential diagnoses. An exception to this is the sural sparing pattern described here, which strongly supports the diagnosis of demyelinating GBS. | yes |
24,616,127 | Does clinical flow cytometric screening of SAP and XIAP expression accurately identify patients with SH2D1A and XIAP/BIRC4 mutations? | {
"contexts": [
"X-linked lymphoproliferative disease is caused by mutations in two genes, SH2D1A and XIAP/BIRC4. Flow cytometric methods have been developed to detect the gene products, SAP and XIAP. However, there is no literature describing the accuracy of flow cytometric screening performed in a clinical lab ... | Clinical flow cytometric screening tests for SAP and XIAP deficiencies offer good sensitivity and specificity for detecting genetic mutations, and are characterized by high NPVs. We recommend these tests for patients suspected of having X-linked lymphoproliferative disease type 1 (XLP1) or XLP2. | yes |
24,584,745 | Is splenectomy modifying the vascular remodeling of thrombosis? | {
"contexts": [
"Splenectomy is a clinical risk factor for complicated thrombosis. We hypothesized that the loss of the mechanical filtering function of the spleen may enrich for thrombogenic phospholipids in the circulation, thereby affecting the vascular remodeling of thrombosis.",
"We investigated the effe... | After splenectomy, an increase in circulating microparticles and negatively charged phospholipids is enhanced by experimental thrombus induction. The initial increase in thrombus volume after splenectomy is due to platelet activation, and the subsequent delay of thrombus resolution is due to inhibition of thrombus angi... | yes |
24,616,912 | Is estrogen receptor β ( ERβ ) a novel prognostic marker of recurrence survival in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer potentially by inhibiting cadherin switch? | {
"contexts": [
"The function and significance of estrogen receptor β (ERβ) in bladder cancer remains a field of hot debate. In this study, we aimed to (a) evaluate ERβ as a novel prognostic marker of recurrence free survival; and (b) digest the underlying mechanism by elucidating the relationship between ERβ exp... | ERβ is a prognostic marker of recurrence free rate in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer, potentially through suppressing cadherin switch, and may act as a potential target for bladder cancer therapy. | yes |
24,614,663 | Is maternal history of diabetes associated with increased cardiometabolic risk in Chinese? | {
"contexts": [
"Positive family history is associated with increased type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk, and reflects both genetic and environmental risks. Several studies have suggested an excess maternal transmission of T2D, although the underlying mechanism is unknown. We aimed to examine the association between mate... | Our findings suggested that maternal history of diabetes conferred increased risk of cardiometabolic abnormalities, and was associated with both insulin resistance and impaired first-phase insulin secretion. Further investigation into the mechanism of transgenerational diabetes is warranted. | yes |
24,610,827 | Does selective JAK2 inhibition specifically decrease Hodgkin lymphoma and mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma growth in vitro and in vivo? | {
"contexts": [
"Classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) and primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (MLBCL) share similar histologic, clinical, and genetic features. In recent studies, we found that disease-specific chromosome 9p24.1/JAK2 amplification increased JAK2 expression and activity in both cHL and MLBCL. Thi... | In in vitro and in vivo analyses, cHL and MLBCL with 9p24.1/JAK2 copy gain are sensitive to chemical JAK2 inhibition suggesting that clinical evaluation of JAK2 blockade is warranted. | yes |
24,610,825 | Is autophagy a survival mechanism of acute myelogenous leukemia precursors during dual mTORC2/mTORC1 targeting? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine whether induction of autophagy is a mechanism of leukemic cell resistance to dual mTORC1/mTORC2 inhibitors in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) leukemic progenitors.",
"Combinations of different experimental approaches were used to assess induction of autophagy, including immunoblot... | Dual targeting of mTORC2 and mTORC1 results in induction of autophagy in AML cells. Combinations of catalytic mTOR targeting agents and autophagy inhibitors may provide a unique approach to target primitive leukemic precursors in AML. | yes |
24,603,435 | Is autosomal recessive POLR1D mutation with decrease of TCOF1 mRNA responsible for Treacher Collins syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"Treacher Collins syndrome is a mandibulofacial dysostosis caused by mutations in genes involved in ribosome biogenesis and synthesis. TCOF1 mutations are observed in ~80% of the patients and are inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. Recently, two other genes have been reported in <2% of pati... | This is the first report of POLR1D mutation being responsible for an autosomal recessive inherited Treacher Collins syndrome. These results reinforce the concept of genetic heterogeneity of Treacher Collins syndrome and underline the importance of combining clinical expertise and familial molecular analyses for appropr... | yes |
24,591,487 | Is the lumped constant for the galactose analog 2-18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-galactose increased in patients with parenchymal liver disease? | {
"contexts": [
"The galactose analog 2-(18)F-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-galactose ((18)F-FDGal) is a suitable PET tracer for measuring hepatic galactokinase capacity in vivo, which provides estimates of hepatic metabolic function. As a result of a higher affinity of galactokinase toward galactose, the lumped constant (LC)... | Disease may change the LC for a pet tracer, and this study demonstrated the importance of using the correct LC. | yes |
24,591,483 | Does measurement of fine-needle aspiration thyroglobulin levels increase the detection of metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma in cystic neck lesions? | {
"contexts": [
"Patients with previously resected papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) are monitored for disease recurrence/metastasis by ultrasound surveillance and fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology. However, accurate diagnosis in lesions with cystic degeneration may be difficult due to scant cellularity. In t... | Tg-FNA is a useful ancillary test that improves the detection of cystic PTC metastases. Particularly in cytologically nondiagnostic cases, the measurement of Tg-FNA helps to distinguish benign from malignant cystic lesions. | yes |
24,584,593 | Do dialysate cytokine levels predict encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis? | {
"contexts": [
"Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) is a rare but devastating complication of long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD). There is no well-validated method for predicting which patients will develop the condition, although known risk factors include long duration of PD, high glucose exposure and lac... | Although MCP-1, IL-6 and CCL15 were found at higher levels in the dialysate of patients who subsequently developed EPS, dialysate levels of these cytokines do not improve prediction of future EPS above a model using known clinical risk factors. | no |
24,584,595 | Do mortality rates differ among patients prescribed various vitamin D agents? | {
"contexts": [
"Limited well-controlled research exists examining the impact of different formulations of oral vitamin D on clinical outcomes in dialysis patients, specifically those on peritoneal dialysis. For this retrospective mortality analysis, we compared mortality rates of patients on 3 of the most common... | For this peritoneal dialysis population, instrumental variable analyses showed no significant difference in mortality in patients taking the most common oral vitamin D formulations (calcitriol, doxercalciferol, paricalcitol). | no |
24,606,102 | Does vitamin D increase serum levels of the soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products in women with PCOS? | {
"contexts": [
"Elevation of serum proinflammatory advanced glycation end products (AGEs) is involved in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The soluble receptor for AGEs (sRAGE) acts as a decoy by binding circulating AGEs. Vitamin D supplementation attenuates the deposition of AGEs in the vasc... | In women with PCOS, vit D3 might exert a protective effect against the inflammatory action of AGEs by increasing circulating sRAGE. The normalization in serum AMH induced by vit D3 replacement suggests an improvement in folliculogenesis. | yes |
24,591,078 | Is kCNT1 gain of function in 2 epilepsy phenotypes reversed by quinidine? | {
"contexts": [
"Mutations in KCNT1 have been implicated in autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (ADNFLE) and epilepsy of infancy with migrating focal seizures (EIMFS). More recently, a whole exome sequencing study of epileptic encephalopathies identified an additional de novo mutation in 1 proband ... | These results establish direction for a targeted therapy and potentially exemplify a translational paradigm for in vitro studies informing novel therapies in a neuropsychiatric disease. | yes |
24,589,416 | Is adjuvant radiation in early stage , unfavorable histology endometrial carcinoma associated with improved local control and survival? | {
"contexts": [
"Unfavorable histology endometrial carcinomas confer worse prognosis. We determined the association of adjuvant radiation on local recurrence and survival for unfavorable, early stage endometrial cancer.",
"We retrospectively identified 125 patients who had a hysterectomy for early stage (FIGO... | Adjuvant radiation therapy was significantly associated with an improvement in local-regional control and overall survival in patients with unfavorable histology, early stage endometrial cancer. | yes |
24,589,413 | Does hypoxia promote vasculogenic mimicry formation by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition in ovarian carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"The functions of hypoxia and subsequent hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) activation in vasculogenic mimicry (VM) are currently unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of hypoxia on VM formation in ovarian cancer, and explore the possible mechanism involved.",
"The expression ... | Hypoxia contributed to VM formation by inducing EMT. These results may offer new insights for consideration in ovarian cancer treatment strategies. | yes |
24,589,419 | Do inflammatory cascades mediate synapse elimination in spinal cord compression? | {
"contexts": [
"Cervical compressive myelopathy (CCM) is caused by chronic spinal cord compression due to spondylosis, a degenerative disc disease, and ossification of the ligaments. Tip-toe walking Yoshimura (twy) mice are reported to be an ideal animal model for CCM-related neuronal dysfunction, because they d... | We revealed the detailed pathophysiology of the inflammatory response in an animal model of chronic spinal cord compression. Our findings suggest that complement-mediated synapse elimination is a central mechanism underlying the neurodegeneration in CCM. | yes |
24,598,699 | Do inflammatory genes and psychological factors predict induced shoulder pain phenotype? | {
"contexts": [
"The pain experience has multiple influences, but little is known about how specific biological and psychological factors interact to influence pain responses. The current study investigated the combined influences of genetic (pro-inflammatory) and psychological factors on several preclinical shou... | These findings support the combined predictive ability of specific genetic and psychological factors for shoulder pain phenotypes by revealing novel combinations that may merit further investigation in clinical cohorts to determine their involvement in the transition from acute to chronic pain conditions. | yes |
24,598,957 | Is mortality risk dose-dependent on the number of packed red blood cell transfused after coronary artery bypass graft? | {
"contexts": [
"Transfusions of one or more packed red blood cells is a widely strategy used in cardiac surgery, even after several evidences of increased morbidity and mortality. The world's blood shortage is also already evident.",
"To assess whether the risk of mortality is dose-dependent on the number of... | The mortality risk is directly proportional to the number of packed red blood cells transfused in coronary artery bypass graft. The greater the amount of allogeneic blood transfused the greater the risk of mortality. The current transfusion practice needs to be reevaluated. | yes |
24,598,955 | Does twenty four hour imaging delay improve viability detection by Tl-201 myocardial perfusion scintigraphy? | {
"contexts": [
"Since twenty-four-hour imaging by Tl-201 myocardial perfusion scintigraphy has been introduced as an effective additional procedure, the aim of this study was to compare this method's result with only rest redistribution procedure in the diagnosis of myocardial viability.",
"Thirty patients (... | Delayed imaging in Tl-201 MPS is a necessary application for the evaluation of viable tissue according to considerable number of patients with additional improvement in 24 hour images in our study, which is restricted to the patients with myocardial infarct. | yes |
24,614,622 | Are molecular subtypes of glioblastoma relevant to lower grade glioma? | {
"contexts": [
"Gliomas are the most common primary malignant brain tumors in adults with great heterogeneity in histopathology and clinical course. The intent was to evaluate the relevance of known glioblastoma (GBM) expression and methylation based subtypes to grade II and III gliomas (ie. lower grade gliomas)... | GBM gene-expression and methylation based subtypes are relevant for GII/III s and associate with overall survival differences. A better understanding of the association between these subtypes and GII/IIIs could further knowledge regarding prognosis and mechanisms of glioma progression. | yes |
24,614,627 | Do haemoglobin levels correlate with the extent of coronary artery disease : results from a large cohort study? | {
"contexts": [
"Even though anaemia has been shown to be a risk factor for adverse cardiovascular disease, there is scarce evidence of its relationship with angiographically proven coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between haemoglobin (Hb) levels and the extent... | This study showed that Hb levels are not associated with the prevalence and extent of CAD. | no |
24,599,170 | Is the severity of internal carotid artery stenosis associated with the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A gene expression? | {
"contexts": [
"The INK4b-ARF-INK4a locus in the chromosome 9p21 region is known to play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis. The INK4/ARF transcript p16(INK4a) inhibits the activity of the cyclin-dependent kinases CDK4/CDK6 and arrests cell-cycle progression. CDK inhibitors also regulate G1/... | An increased CDKN2A gene expression in carotid plaques may increase the severity of ICA stenosis, thus raising the risk of atherosclerosis and contributing to the development of symptoms. In addition, the p16(INK4a) expression is associated with carotid atherosclerosis in various patient subgroups. | yes |
24,599,921 | Do tNF-α inhibitors impair sperm quality in males with ankylosing spondylitis after short-term or long-term treatment? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this study was to study the influence of active disease status and TNF-α antagonists on sperm quality in a group of AS patients.",
"Twenty-three active AS patients and 42 controls were recruited. Patients' sperm samples were analysed at baseline (previous to) and at 3-6 months afte... | Sperm quality in patients with active AS and after receiving short- and long-term TNF-α blocker therapy is comparable to sperm quality in healthy controls. Our study confirms that the disease process of AS does not have a major impact on sperm quality and that treatment with anti-TNF has no negative impact on sperm qua... | no |
24,606,841 | Is substitution of dietary fish oil with plant oils associated with shortened mid intestinal folds in Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar )? | {
"contexts": [
"Fish meal and fish oil are increasingly replaced by ingredients from terrestrial sources in the feeds for farmed salmonids due to expanding production and reduced availability of marine feed raw material. Fish oil that is rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids is considered beneficial to human h... | Shortened intestinal folds might be associated with reduced intestinal surface and impaired nutrient absorption and growth, but our results suggest that partial substitution of dietary fish oil with vegetable oils does not have any major negative impact on the intestinal health of Atlantic salmon. | yes |
24,615,019 | Does a novel universal multiplex PCR improve detection of AZFc Y-chromosome microdeletions? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the frequencies and the characteristics of Y chromosome microdeletions (pl) in infertile men from central China to perform appropriate therapeutic choices by updated multiplex-PCR.",
"In this study, we established a novel universal primer-multiplex-PCR (U-M-PCR) method to overcom... | U-M-PCR method was more specific to detect AZFc microdeletions. It is necessary to use the U-M-PCR method to offer genetic screening and counseling to infertile men prior to intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) or in-vitro fertilization (IVF). | yes |
24,609,841 | Does intra-aortic balloon pump ( IABP ) counterpulsation improve cerebral perfusion in patients with decreased left ventricular function? | {
"contexts": [
"The current goal of treatment after acute ischemic stroke is the increase of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in ischemic brain tissue. Intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) counterpulsation in the setting of cardiogenic shock is able to reduce left ventricular afterload and increase coronary blood flow. The... | IABP improves cerebral blood flow, particularly in patients with pre-existing heart failure and highly impaired LVEF. Hence, an IABP might be a treatment option to improve cerebral perfusion in selected patients with cerebral misperfusion and simultaneously existing severe heart failure. | yes |
24,612,092 | Does splenectomy increase the number of circulating hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells in patients with hepatitis C virus-associated liver cirrhosis? | {
"contexts": [
"The spleen is not believed to contribute to hematopoiesis in healthy adults. However, several reports have demonstrated that the spleen in adults contains a large number of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSC). Although splenectomy increases platelet and leukocyte counts, the effects of sple... | Our data suggest that the spleen plays an important role in modulating HSC dynamics in patients with HCV-associated chronic liver disease. Our results also imply that splenectomy may improve liver function in patients with LC. | yes |
24,612,692 | Does intracellular signaling prevent effective blockade of oncogenic gp130 mutants by neutralizing antibodies? | {
"contexts": [
"Short in-frame deletions in the second extracellular domain of the cytokine receptor gp130 are the leading cause of inflammatory hepatocellular adenomas (IHCAs). The deletions render gp130 constitutively active. In this study we investigate the intracellular signaling potential of one of the most... | CAgp130 and WTgp130 differ significantly with respect to glycosylation, trafficking and signaling. As a consequence of intracellular signaling pharmacological inhibition of CAgp130 will not be achieved by targeting the receptor extracellularly but by compounds that act from within the cell. | yes |
24,596,513 | Does the morphology of myeloma cells change with progression of the disease? | {
"contexts": [
"Multiple myeloma is a heterogeneous entity with variable course. Plasma cells found in bone marrow smears are characterised by extremely high diversity of morphology. We have attempted to determine whether the morphological characteristics of myeloma cells vary with the natural course of the dise... | We did not find that the type and intensity of cytostatic therapy significantly affect the morphology of plasma cells. Therefore, we suggest that some changes are due to natural, expansive course of the disease. | yes |
24,595,633 | Does increased skeletal muscle capillarization after aerobic exercise training and weight loss improve insulin sensitivity in adults with IGT? | {
"contexts": [
"Transcapillary transport of insulin is one determinant of glucose uptake by skeletal muscle; thus, a reduction in capillary density (CD) may worsen insulin sensitivity. Skeletal muscle CD is lower in older adults with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) compared with those with normal glucose tolera... | Six-month AEX+WL increases skeletal muscle CD in older adults with IGT. This represents one mechanism by which AEX+WL improves insulin sensitivity in older adults with IGT. | yes |
24,604,709 | Does bRAF V600E predict aggressive features of pediatric papillary thyroid carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"This study aimed to review the prevalence of the BRAF V600E mutation in pediatric papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and any possible association with aggressive tumor behavior.",
"A retrospective chart review and post hoc BRAF V600E mutational analysis of archived tumor tissue.",
"Patient... | BRAF V600E mutations may be more prevalent than previously thought in pediatric patients with PTC, but do not correlate with aggressive disease characteristics. | no |
24,613,681 | Are dNA damage-centered signaling pathways effectively activated during low dose-rate Auger radioimmunotherapy? | {
"contexts": [
"Low dose-rate radioimmunotherapy (RIT) using (125)I-labelled monoclonal antibodies ((125)I-mAbs) is associated with unexpected high cytotoxicity per Gy.",
"We investigated whether this hypersensitivity was due to lack of detection of DNA damage by the targeted cells. DNA damage was measured w... | Hypersensitivity to non-internalizing (125)I-mAbs is not due to lack of detection of DNA damage after low absorbed dose-rates. However, DNA double strand breaks accumulate in cells exposed both to internalizing and non-internalizing (125)I-mAbs and lead to micronuclei formation. These results suggest impairment in DNA ... | yes |
7,884,109 | Do elevated plasma levels of interleukin-6 in postmenopausal women correlate with bone density? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine if plasma levels of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) across the lifespan correlate with bone density or plasma osteocalcin.",
"Cross-sectional study.",
"Forty-five healthy community-dwelling volunteers aged 25-74 years. Exclusion criteria were smoking use of medications known to affect b... | The elevation of plasma IL-6 observed following menopause is consistent with the proposed importance of estrogen in the regulation of IL-6. These findings do not provide support for a role of IL-6 in determination of peak bone density or subsequent development of osteoporosis. However, it is possible that plasma levels... | no |
7,889,473 | Is 10.5-kb homozygote of tumor necrosis factor-beta gene associated with a better prognosis in gastric cancer patients? | {
"contexts": [
"In NcoI restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of tumor necrosis factor-beta (TNF-beta) gene, the frequency of 10.5-kb homozygote is low in patients with lung cancer and is associated with a better prognosis. These results should be examined in other malignancies.",
"Using polymera... | The 10.5-kb homozygote of TNF-beta gene is associated with a prolonged survival in patients with gastric cancer, as has been shown in the patients with lung cancer. | yes |
7,867,179 | Does coronary stenting decrease restenosis in lesions with early loss in luminal diameter 24 hours after successful PTCA? | {
"contexts": [
"Early loss of minimal luminal diameter (MLD) after successful percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) is associated with a higher incidence of late restenosis.",
"Sixty-six patients (66 lesions) with > 0.3 mm MLD loss at 24-hour on-line quantitative coronary angiography were ran... | In patients with successful PTCA but reduced luminal diameter demonstrated by repeat angiography at 24 hours, the Gianturco-Roubin stent appears to reduce angiographic restenosis at follow-up. | yes |
7,864,759 | Does mitomycin C suppress aqueous human flow in cynomolgus monkeys? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether mitomycin C suppresses aqueous humor formation in cynomolgus monkeys.",
"Three monkeys received subconjunctival injections (50 microL) in four quadrants bilaterally, one eye receiving mitomycin C (0.5 mg/mL) and the other receiving distilled water. Seven monkeys underwent... | Episcleral application of mitomycin C can produce at least a modest short-term reduction of aqueous humor flow in primates. Reduced aqueous flow might contribute to early postoperative hypotony following trabeculectomy with mitomycin C. | yes |
7,880,408 | Does interleukin-6 stimulate rat myometrial contractions in an in vitro model? | {
"contexts": [
"Interleukin-6 (IL-6) increases in culture-positive amniotic fluid in women with preterm labor. IL-6 stimulates the production of prostaglandins leading to increased uterine activity.",
"We tested the hypothesis that IL-6 increases myometrial activity through release of uterotonic mediators. W... | IL-6 in the presence or absence of membranes, over a four log fold dose range, did not stimulate uterine contractions. | no |
7,882,825 | Do genes within the major histocompatibility complex predict NIDDM in African-American women in Alabama? | {
"contexts": [
"To test the hypothesis that genes within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) are associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and, subsequently, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in African-American women.",
"African-American women who presented with GDM were compa... | These results suggest that either one or more genes within the MHC are involved in the etiology of NIDDM. | yes |
7,879,841 | Is intraoperative cholangiography essential to avoid duct injuries during laparoscopic cholecystectomy? | {
"contexts": [
"Whether or not to perform intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) with laparoscopic cholecystectomy is controversial. The decision to perform IOC should depend on the individual surgeon's preference for the management of choledocholithiasis.",
"An initial experience of 525 patients undergoing la... | We think that the use of IOC to avoid bile duct injuries is not essential, and that the key to avoiding such injuries is meticulous demonstration of anatomic detail at operation. We have been satisfied with selective use of endoscopic cholangiography and sphincterotomy for the management of choledocholithiasis. | no |
7,875,474 | Does vitamin E enhance the lymphatic transport of beta-carotene and its conversion to vitamin A in the ferret? | {
"contexts": [
"beta-Carotene and alpha-tocopherol may have either antagonistic or synergistic effects on each other's absorption and metabolism. The effects of both physiological and pharmacological concentrations of alpha-tocopherol on the absorption and metabolism of beta-carotene in ferret intestine were det... | alpha-Tocopherol has a positive effect on the intestinal absorption of intact beta-carotene and may modulate the metabolic conversion of beta-carotene into retinoids. | yes |
7,875,470 | Does the sympathetic nervous system modulate perception and reflex responses to gut distention in humans? | {
"contexts": [
"Intestinal distention induces perception and gut reflexes via sympathetic and vagal pathways, but the modulatory mechanisms of such responses remain obscure. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of sympathetic nervous activity on sympathetic and vagal reflexes as well as on intestin... | Activation of the sympathetic nervous system selectively increases visceral but not somatic sensitivity and enhances both vagally and sympathetically driven reflexes in the gut. | yes |
7,873,820 | Do interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor levels decrease in the suction blister fluids of psoriatic patients during effective therapy? | {
"contexts": [
"Involvement of various cytokines in psoriasis pathomechanisms has previously been reported.",
"To better define the relationship between the disease severity and interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor alpha skin levels, these two cytokines were measured in suction blister fluids obtained fr... | These results are in agreement with a functional involvement of these two cytokines in the pathogenesis of the disease and their possible use as follow-up markers. | yes |
7,887,803 | Do nonoperative management of splenic and hepatic trauma in the multiply injured pediatric and adolescent patient? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether nonoperative management of splenic and hepatic injury in the multiply injured pediatric and adolescent patient is both safe and efficacious.",
"Retrospective case series.",
"Level 1 trauma center.",
"All patients younger than 19 years old who suffered trauma to th... | Nonoperative management of splenic and hepatic injury in multiply injured pediatric and adolescent patients, including those with head injury and injury remote from the abdomen that requires surgical intervention, is successful and is not associated with a prohibitive morbidity. | yes |
7,882,485 | Is endogenous adenosine an antiarrhythmic agent? | {
"contexts": [
"Adenosine administered intravenously terminates supraventricular tachycardias (SVT) involving the AV node as part of the reentrant circuit. Dipyridamole increases interstitial myocardial levels of this nucleoside. This study was designed to determine whether intravenous dipyridamole increases cor... | Administration of dipyridamole is associated with elevation of [ADO]cs, with coincident prolongation of the mean Wenckebach cycle length and AV nodal functional refractory period. During SVT, dipyridamole leads to prolongation of the AH interval and tachycardia cycle length and to an increase in [ADO]cs, with terminati... | yes |
7,874,951 | Does multiplane transesophageal echocardiographic doppler imaging accurately determine cardiac output measurements in critically ill patients? | {
"contexts": [
"To compare cardiac output and stroke volume measured by multiplane transesophageal Doppler echocardiography with that measured by the thermodilution technique.",
"Prospective direct comparison of paired measurements by both techniques in each patient.",
"Cardiac surgery and myocardial inf... | Multiplane transesophageal echocardiography enhances the ability to estimate accurately cardiac output and stroke volume by providing new access to left ventricular outflow tract in critically ill patients. | yes |
7,862,480 | Do predictors of failure of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation in term infants with severe respiratory failure? | {
"contexts": [
"To identify clinical factors in term neonates with severe respiratory failure that predict which neonates are unlikely to respond to high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV).",
"This was a retrospective review of patient charts and medical records.",
"We studied 190 newborns treated ... | In our patients, the presence of CDH/LH, severe respiratory failure (a/A ratio 0.05 or lower) at initiation of HFOV, and lack of improvement in oxygenation (a/A ratio 0.08 or lower after 6 hours of HFOV) were associated with failure of HFOV and treatment with ECMO. This information should help other centers to identify... | yes |
7,887,799 | Is predictive accuracy of the TRISS survival statistic improved by a modification that includes admission pH? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine if pH measured at the time of hospital admission and corrected for PCO2 was an independent predictor of trauma survival.",
"Phase 1 was a retrospective case-control analysis of 1708 patients, followed by multivariate multiple logistic regression analysis of a subset of 919 patien... | The arterial pH measurement obtained on hospital arrival and corrected for PCO2 is a significant independent predictor of survival and adds to the predictive accuracy of the TRISS survival statistic. Age, sex, and the extremity and soft tissue components of the AIS85 did not contribute to the accuracy of the TRISS stat... | yes |
7,882,277 | Does tissue-type plasminogen activator predict endocrine responsiveness of human pancreatic carcinoma cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Estrogen receptor (ER) has been found in human pancreatic carcinoma, but the potential benefit of endocrine therapy never has been assessed adequately. The aim of this study was to determine whether the presence of ER can be used as an indicator of hormone responsiveness, and whether modulation o... | The estrogen dependency of t-PA production may clarify the functional state of ER in human pancreatic carcinoma cells. This finding may aid in planning endocrine therapy for patients with this lethal cancer. | yes |
7,887,550 | Does quantitation of HIV-1 RNA in plasma predict outcome after seroconversion? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the relation between the quantity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA in plasma and the risk for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or a decline in the CD4+ T-cell count after seroconversion.",
"Prospective study.",
"62 homosexual men with document... | Plasma HIV-1 RNA is a strong, CD4+ T-cell-independent predictor of a rapid progression to AIDS after HIV-1 seroconversion. | yes |
7,875,469 | Does mercaptopropionate inhibit butyrate uptake in isolated apical membrane vesicles of the rat distal colon? | {
"contexts": [
"Previous observations have shown that mercapto- and bromo- short-chain fatty acids diminish fatty acid use in colonic epithelium. The aim of this study was to investigate whether this effect is attributable to the inhibition of short-chain fatty acid uptake.",
"Apical membrane vesicles of rat... | Butyrate uptake in apical membrane vesicles of rat distal colon is mediated by a low-affinity anion transport system, which can be competitively inhibited by 3-mercaptopropionate but not by 2-bromopropionate and 4-bromobutyrate. | yes |
7,882,469 | Does genetic diagnosis with the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis technique improve diagnostic precision in familial hypercholesterolemia? | {
"contexts": [
"Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant inherited disorder of lipid metabolism caused by mutations in the LDL receptor gene. FH is characterized clinically by elevated LDL cholesterol level and premature coronary disease. Diagnosing FH on clinical grounds may be difficult, and... | Introduction of a simple genetic analysis based on DGGE may improve the precision of diagnosis in FH families. | yes |
7,880,397 | Is immunosuppression by hydatidiform mole trophoblast neutralized by monoclonal antibodies to beta-interferon? | {
"contexts": [
"In sheep and cattle, trophoblast-derived interferons serve as signals for the maternal recognition of pregnancy and may regulate the immunologic relationship between the fetus and mother.",
"In this study, soluble extracts prepared from human hydatidiform mole decidua (DE) and trophoblast (HM... | These results suggest that hydatidiform mole trophoblast produces a beta-IFN-like macromolecule that may abrogate maternal rejection responses that are harmful to the developing fetal allograft. | yes |
7,886,711 | Is arterial wall thickness associated with prevalent cardiovascular disease in middle-aged adults . The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities ( ARIC ) Study? | {
"contexts": [
"This study was done to assess the relationship between prevalent cardiovascular disease and arterial wall thickness in middle-aged US adults.",
"The association of preexisting coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral vascular disease with carotid and popliteal intimal-m... | These data document the substantially greater arterial wall thickness observed in middle-aged adults with prevalent cardiovascular disease. Both carotid and popliteal arterial IMT were related to clinically manifest cardiovascular disease affecting distant vascular beds, such as the cerebral, peripheral, and coronary a... | yes |
7,860,915 | Is exercise-induced mitral regurgitation a predictor of morbid events in subjects with mitral valve prolapse? | {
"contexts": [
"This study attempted to determine whether a subset of patients with mitral valve prolapse and no mitral regurgitation at rest will develop mitral regurgitation during exercise and have a higher than anticipated risk of morbid cardiovascular events.",
"Mitral regurgitation in patients with mit... | In patients with mitral valve prolapse without mitral regurgitation at rest, exercise provokes mitral regurgitation in 32% of patients and predicts a higher risk for morbid events. | yes |
7,886,400 | Do phospholipids prevent enteric bacterial translocation in the early stage of experimental acute liver failure in the rat? | {
"contexts": [
"Bacterial infections and bacteremia in acute liver failure may at least partly be attributed to translocation of enteric bacteria. Attempts to prevent or treat such infections by the use of antibiotics may instead result in overgrowth of surviving microbes.",
"In the present study, normal sal... | Enteral administration of phospholipids thus seems to protect against translocation of enteric bacteria and prevent against a decrease in intestinal mucosal mass and enterocyte protein content after subtotal hepatectomy in the rat. | yes |
7,867,197 | Does inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis reduce infarct size by an adenosine-dependent mechanism? | {
"contexts": [
"Nitric oxide (NO) is both a potent endogenous vasodilator with potential to attenuate ischemia-reperfusion injury and a mediator of tissue injury. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanism by which prior inhibition of NO synthesis can lessen ischemia-reperfusion injury in the ... | Infarct size limitation after inhibition of NO synthesis shares a common mechanism with that of ischemic preconditioning and is dependent on the release of adenosine. However, in this model, adenosine release after inhibition of NO synthesis is not secondary to myocardial ischemia. The protection of the heart against i... | yes |
7,889,085 | Does pregnant women 's serum provide a novel support for human sperm hyperactivated motility? | {
"contexts": [
"Medium composition and assay parameters for assessing human sperm hyperactivated motility (HA) were investigated during a time-course study.",
"The incidence of HA was studied, in vitro, in sperm samples incubated in eight different media compositions. HA was assessed using the 7.1 version of... | PWS (10%) followed by FCS (7.5%) addition to media, especially HTF and Ham's F10, appears to enhance HA expression. | yes |
7,868,714 | Do cD8-positive tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes influence the long-term survival of patients with mycosis fungoides? | {
"contexts": [
"Nonneoplastic mononuclear cells commonly infiltrate lesions of mycosis fungoides.",
"We sought to determine the immunophenotypic characteristics of these cells and to determine whether the presence of CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes has an impact on prognosis.",
"Skin biopsy specimens... | CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in mycosis fungoides correlate with improved survival rate and may exert an antitumor effect rather than being mere bystander cells. | yes |
7,872,277 | Is incidence of peptic ulcer in men inversely correlated with blood pressure : study in an apparently healthy Japanese population? | {
"contexts": [
"To study the role of autonomic nervous innervation in the etiology of peptic ulcer, we investigated the blood pressure in patients with peptic ulcer.",
"In 100,085 Japanese adults who were undergoing health screening examinations, including barium meal study, there were endoscopic evaluation-... | An inverse relationship was observed between the occurrence of peptic ulcer and the blood pressure level in Japanese men, but not in women. The relationship may be mediated by an inhibitory effect of the sympathetic nervous system on ulcer formation in hypertensive subjects. The reason for the sex difference in this re... | yes |
7,882,473 | Does complex coronary artery lesion morphology influence results of stress echocardiography? | {
"contexts": [
"The likelihood of a positive response with dipyridamole stress echocardiography (DSE) is directly related to the extent and severity of angiographically assessed coronary artery disease. Whether coronary lesion morphology--a known predictor of adverse cardiac events--may also modulate stress echo... | In patients with single-vessel disease without coronary occlusion or previous myocardial infarction, coronary lesion morphology of the complex type is associated with a higher DSE sensitivity and with a greater prevalence of low-dose, positive responses. Presence of irregular plaque contours, not only plaque geometry, ... | yes |
7,874,338 | Does continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration improve survival in a canine model of septic shock? | {
"contexts": [
"We examined whether or not continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration (CAVH), in the absence of renal failure, would improve either hemodynamic abnormalities or survival in a canine model of septic shock.",
"Escherichia coli 0111, as an intraperitoneal clot, was surgically implanted into 21 one-... | The results of this study suggest that CAVH would be unlikely to provide benefit to patients with gram-negative septic shock, in the absence of renal failure. | no |
7,874,337 | Is panniculectomy as an integral part of pelvic operation an underutilized technique in patients with morbid obesity? | {
"contexts": [
"Panniculectomy integrated into pelvic procedures mandated in morbidly obese patients is a well described technique. Nevertheless, the abdominal cavity in such patients is generally approached through a vertical incision, frequently by forcibly pulling the panniculus inferiorly. Such a vertical ap... | Conservative panniculectomy to facilitate access to the pelvic area seems to be an advantageous procedure, with good wound healing, and deserves a randomized prospective study comparing it to a vertical incisional approach to validate its technical superiority. | yes |
7,890,080 | Does flow cytometry provide rapid and highly accurate detection of antisperm antibodies? | {
"contexts": [
"Immunobead testing (IBT), the current standard for antisperm antibody detection, is time consuming and somewhat subjective. To overcome these limitations and maintain accuracy, we studied an immunofluorescent assay using flow cytometry.",
"A validation study comparing flow cytometry to IBT in... | Detection of IgG, IgA, and IgM antisperm antibodies by flow cytometry is highly sensitive and specific. In addition, flow cytometry is able to assess thousands of sperm rapidly and accurately, reducing sampling error and technical time. | yes |
7,890,074 | Does angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition reverse luteal phase steroid production in oocyte donors? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition would affect ovarian steroid synthesis in the oocyte donors undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH).",
"The IVF program of the University of Southern California.",
"Prospective matched clinical trial.",
"... | In stimulated cycles, inhibition of Ang II production appears to raise serum E2 and lower P levels. Angiotensin II, therefore, may have a role in the regulation of ovarian steroid synthesis. | yes |
7,890,085 | Are interleukin-8 concentrations elevated in peritoneal fluid of women with endometriosis? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the presence of interleukin-8 (IL-8), a macrophage-derived angiogenic factor, in peritoneal fluid (PF) of women with and without endometriosis.",
"Case-control study.",
"University hospital.",
"Eighteen women with laparoscopic findings of mild to severe endometriosis, a... | We hypothesize that IL-8 is an important angiogenic factor that contributes to the pathogenesis of endometriosis by promoting the neovascularization of ectopic endometrial implants. | yes |
7,864,473 | Is home use of syrup of ipecac associated with a reduction in pediatric emergency department visits? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether home use of syrup of ipecac is safe and effective in reducing pediatric emergency department visits.",
"Retrospective, multicenter comparison based on secondary use of a large database.",
"Children younger than 6 years after acute, accidental ingestion of a pharmaceut... | Centers that recommended home use of syrup of ipecac more frequently were able to manage childhood poisoning more cost-effectively, without a decrease in safety. Although increased home management was strongly associated with syrup of ipecac use, the reason for this relationship cannot be determined from the data. Mana... | yes |
7,884,418 | Do serum interleukin-6 levels correlate with prognosis in diffuse large-cell lymphoma? | {
"contexts": [
"Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a potent immunomodulatory cytokine that may have pathogenetic and prognostic significance in a number of disorders. The objective of this study was to examine the correlation between serum IL-6 levels and phenotypic characteristics, as well as outcome of patients with diff... | In patients with DLCL, elevated serum levels of IL-6 at diagnosis are frequent, strongly associated with many adverse disease features, and predictive of a poor failure-free and overall survival. | yes |
7,890,062 | Is a dopamine D3 receptor genotype associated with hyperandrogenic chronic anovulation and resistant to ovulation induction with clomiphene citrate in female Hispanics? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine if dopamine (D3) receptor genotypes are associated with anovulation and response to ovulation induction with clomiphene citrate.",
"Clinical and laboratory characteristics of anovulatory patients and ovulatory controls were compared with findings at the DNA level.",
"An outpa... | Hyperandrogenic chronic anovulation may have a genetic component. Genetic analysis may be useful in predicting resistance to ovulation induction with clomiphene. | yes |
7,890,064 | Is habitual abortion accompanied by low serum levels of placental protein 14 in the luteal phase of the fertile cycle? | {
"contexts": [
"To study serum levels of placental protein 14 (PP14) in relation to endometrial function in women with a history of habitual abortion.",
"Prospective study.",
"Departments I and II of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Central Hospital of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.",
"Fifty patie... | Habitual aborters exhibit lower serum PP14 levels in the late luteal phase compared with normal fertile women. | yes |
7,868,869 | Does experimental hypertension produce diverse changes in the regional vascular responses to endothelin-1 in the rabbit and the rat? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine the effects of hypertension on systemic and regional haemodynamic responses to endothelin-1.",
"Comparison of responses between age-matched control and hypertensive rabbits (two-kidney, two wrapped), and between spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and control Wistar-Kyoto rats.",... | The increased responses to endothelin-1 of some variables in the hypertensive animals may involve structural changes in the resistance vessels. However, the reduced responses in the mesenteric vasculature of both species and the renal vasculature of the SHR are due to some mechanism other than structural change. | yes |
7,872,287 | Is gastric emptying impaired in patients with spinal cord injury? | {
"contexts": [
"The rate and completeness of gastric emptying (GE) are major determinants of the bioavailability of oral medication, and the efficiency of gastric emptying is highly dependent on an intact central nervous system. Hence, in spinal cord injury (SCI), an impairment in gastric emptying could signific... | We conclude that gastric emptying is impaired in subjects with cervical SCI. Comparative studies of gastric emptying in subjects with SCI should incorporate concurrently studied, control subjects and employ experimental methods that are not constrained by truncated data collection periods. The convention of forcing GE ... | yes |
7,886,725 | Does insular lesion evoke autonomic effects of stroke in normotensive and hypertensive rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Increases in sympathetic activity and frequency of myocardial damage occur after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in Wistar rats, while MCAO in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) decreases sympathoadrenal activity. Autonomic changes have been suggested to result from damage to the in... | IC lesion in the SHR and Wistar rat therefore appears to result in autonomic changes similar to that seen after MCAO. Unlike MCAO, however, the autonomic changes do not appear to be sufficient to produce myocardial damage. | yes |
7,862,409 | Do combined pars plana vitrectomy-lensectomy and open-loop anterior chamber lens implantation? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the effectiveness of open-loop, one-piece, flexible, Kelman-style, all-polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) anterior chamber intraocular lenses (AC IOLs) in patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy surgery for a variety of vitreoretinal disorders.",
"Fifteen patients (6 women and 9 m... | In this preliminary series of patients, open-loop, flexible, all-PMMA, Kelman-style AC IOLs appear to be well tolerated and represent a viable, simple alternative to transscleral fixation of a posterior chamber IOL or surgical aphakia in patients undergoing vitrectomy surgery. | yes |
7,868,874 | Is impaired glucose tolerance in hypertension associated with impaired insulin release independently of changes in insulin sensitivity? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess the contribution of insulin release and glucose disposal by insulin-dependent and insulin-independent mechanisms to overall glucose tolerance in hypertension.",
"Minimal model analysis of insulin and glucose data from frequently sampled intravenous glucose-tolerance tests from 21 no... | Impaired insulin release might contribute to the glucose intolerance associated with hypertension, and this can occur in the absence of insulin resistance, which is not present in all subjects with essential hypertension. | yes |
7,879,929 | Is low-frequency spectral power of heart rate variability a specific marker of cardiac sympathetic modulation? | {
"contexts": [
"Heart rate variability in the frequency domain has been proposed to reflect cardiac autonomic control. Therefore, measurement of heart rate variability may be useful to assess the effect of epidural anesthesia on cardiac autonomic tone. Accordingly, the effects of preganglionic cardiac sympatheti... | Although preganglionic cardiac sympathetic blockade reduced the LF/HF ratio during tilt, it did not alter spectral power in the LF band during rest or tilt. Accordingly, low-frequency spectral power is unlikely to specifically reflect cardiac sympathetic modulation in humans. | no |
7,888,116 | Does the regulation of HIV by retinoic acid correlate with cellular expression of the retinoic acid receptors? | {
"contexts": [
"To analyze the effect of retinoic acids (RA) on HIV-1 expression and correlate this effect with expression levels of RA receptors (RARs) in T-lymphoid and monocytoid cell lines.",
"The effect of all-trans and 9-cis RA on HIV-1 production in T-lymphoid (H9, CEM) and monocytoid (U937,THP-1) cel... | The effect of RA on HIV-1 expression was cell-type-dependent and partially correlated with cellular expression of RARs. Endogenous or exogenously administered RA may have a significant role in HIV regulation. | yes |
7,882,283 | Is mutant p53 protein overexpression associated with poor outcome in patients with well or moderately differentiated ovarian carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"It has been shown that the p53 gene is mutated in 30-80% of ovarian carcinomas and that the genetic alterations most often manifest as an accumulation of mutant p53 protein in tumor tissue. The prognostic significance of these findings for patients with ovarian cancer, however, must be establishe... | The immunofluorometric measurement of mutant p53 protein accumulation in epithelial ovarian carcinomas of a low histologic grade was associated significantly with an increased risk for cancer relapse and death. A similar trend also was suggested for early stage disease and in the absence of residual tumor after surgery... | yes |
7,882,490 | Is ibutilide , a methanesulfonanilide antiarrhythmic , a potent blocker of the rapidly activating delayed rectifier K+ current ( IKr ) in AT-1 cells . Concentration- , time- , voltage- , and use-dependent effects? | {
"contexts": [
"Ibutilide is an action potential-prolonging antiarrhythmic currently in clinical trials. The drug shares structural similarities with E-4031 and dofetilide, specific blockers of the rapidly activating delayed rectifier K+ current (IKr). However, previous in vitro studies in guinea pig myocytes ha... | These data suggest that the clinical actions of ibutilide are mediated at least in part by block of IKr; an effect on inward currents is not excluded. AT-1 cells are a useful model system for the study of drug block of this important repolarizing current. | yes |
7,867,183 | Is shear-induced platelet aggregation inhibited by in vivo infusion of an anti-glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antibody fragment , c7E3 Fab , in patients undergoing coronary angioplasty? | {
"contexts": [
"Elevated levels of shear stress such as those that occur in stenotic arterial vessels can directly activate and aggregate platelets and thus contribute to the pathogenesis of acute arterial thrombosis. This shear-induced platelet aggregation (SIPA) is mediated by von Willebrand factor binding to ... | This study demonstrates that c7E3 Fab is a potent inhibitor of SIPA, which may be an important mechanism of its beneficial effect in the treatment of arterial occlusive diseases and in the prevention of thrombotic complications of coronary artery disease after angioplasty. | yes |
7,867,180 | Is elevated serum lipoprotein ( a ) a risk factor for clinical recurrence after coronary balloon angioplasty? | {
"contexts": [
"Elevated lipoprotein (Lp) (a) concentrations are associated with coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction. Lp(a) is structurally related to proteins involved in lipid transport, fibrinolysis, coagulation, and cellular mitogenesis and is known to have important physiological interactions ... | An elevated Lp(a) concentration was a risk factor for clinical recurrence after percutaneous transluminal balloon coronary angioplasty. Other lipid levels or clinical characteristics were not significantly associated with recurrence. When serum was frozen and stored for a prolonged period, Lp(a) concentration decreased... | yes |
7,867,184 | Are non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and fasting glucose and insulin concentrations associated with arterial stiffness indexes . The ARIC Study . Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study? | {
"contexts": [
"Cardiovascular diseases are the most common cause of disability and death among subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). The atherosclerotic process begins during the prediabetic phase characterized by impaired glucose tolerance, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance. In ... | Our findings are compatible with the view that persons with NIDDM or borderline glucose intolerance have stiffer arteries than their counterparts with normal glucose tolerance and that the decreased elasticity is independent of artery wall thickness. The joint effect of elevated glucose, insulin, and triglycerides can ... | yes |
7,866,503 | Do an evaluation of fit in osseointegrated implant components using torque/turn analysis? | {
"contexts": [
"The accurate and passive fit of dental prostheses supported by endosseous implants is of primary importance in securing long-term restorative success. In the clinical setting, adequate visual and radiographic assessment of joined implant components can be limited. Mechanical engineering principle... | This study suggests that screw position can be an indicator of fit in dental implant prostheses if the end point of screw rotation is adequately indexed, specific to each assembly and screw. | yes |
7,877,223 | Does endothelial cell seeding fail to attenuate intimal thickening in balloon-injured rabbit arteries? | {
"contexts": [
"Restenosis of arteries or bypass grafts after vascular reconstruction is a common clinical entity that significantly limits long-term patency. This process, termed intimal hyperplasia (IH), is characterized by smooth muscle cell proliferation in the intima and subsequent accumulation of intercell... | We conclude that seeding with autologous venous ECs accelerated restoration of the endothelial monolayer but failed to attenuate IH in balloon-injured rabbit arteries. Further studies are necessary to determine the functional properties of seeded endothelium and to examine the effect of EC seeding on intimal thickening... | yes |
7,877,228 | Does the anastomosis angle do change the flow fields at vascular end-to-side anastomoses in vivo? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this article was to study the influence of the anastomosis angle on the flow fields at end-to-side anastomoses in vivo.",
"Polyurethane grafts of similar internal diameter to that of the abdominal aorta (8 mm) were implanted from the suprarenal to the infrarenal level in 10 pig... | The anastomosis angle does change the flow fields at vascular end-to-side anastomoses in vivo. | yes |
7,862,418 | Is dry eye with only decreased tear break-up time sometimes associated with allergic conjunctivitis? | {
"contexts": [
"The authors' clinical experience has suggested that there is a form of dry eye with only decreased tear break-up time, which is associated with allergic conjunctivitis. The current study was performed to verify this hypothesis.",
"The authors recruited patients with two types of dry eye syndr... | These results support the authors' hypothesis that decreased break-up time is in part associated with the decreased goblet cell density caused by allergic conjunctivitis. | yes |
7,879,944 | Is buccal absorption of fentanyl pH-dependent in dogs? | {
"contexts": [
"Analgesia and sedation have been achieved noninvasively by fentanyl administration through the oral and nasal mucosa. In theory, the transmucosal bioavailability and absorption of fentanyl could be improved by converting more fentanyl to the unionized form by adjusting the surrounding pH. The aut... | The buccal absorption, bioavailability, and permeability of fentanyl are markedly increased as the pH of the fentanyl solution becomes more basic. Most likely, this is because of an increase in the fraction of unionized fentanyl. | yes |
7,880,196 | Is increased insulin-like growth factor 1 production by human osteoarthritic chondrocytes dependent on growth hormone action? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) production in normal and osteoarthritis (OA) chondrocytes and to further examine the role of growth hormone (GH) in adult human cartilage and, in particular, in diseased tissue.",
"IGF-1 production was measured with a radioimmunoassay. Bindi... | This study indicates that the elevated synthesis of IGF-1 by adult human OA chondrocytes occurs through a GH/GHR-independent mechanism, suggesting that other factors are capable of controlling local IGF-1 production in these cells. | no |
7,875,491 | Are hLA-DR and HLA-DQ markers for rapid disease progression in primary sclerosing cholangitis? | {
"contexts": [
"The association between primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and the HLA haplotype A1, B8, DR3, DQ2 is well established. During the last few years, several additional HLA associations have been suggested in PSC. Furthermore, two different HLA-DR specificities have been reported to be markers for ... | The HLA-associated genetic susceptibility to PSC cannot be attributed to specific amino acid positions of the DR beta chains. The highly discrepant results obtained in two previously reported studies and the present investigation indicate that HLA class II alleles are not markers for a more aggressive clinical course i... | no |
7,887,850 | Does retinopathy in galactosemic dogs continue to progress after cessation of galactosemia? | {
"contexts": [
"Progression of diabetic retinopathy in human subjects and animal models is difficult to halt promptly by intensified insulin therapy and strict glycemic control.",
"To learn whether this resistance to arrest is peculiar to diabetes and insulin therapy or is a characteristic of hyperglycemia i... | The fact that retinopathy did not halt promptly at intervention is consistent with previous data from diabetic dogs and suggests that the vascular lesions may be due to sequelae of excessive tissue aldohexose that are not promptly corrected by correction of the aldohexose level. | yes |
7,877,233 | Does nitroglycerin decrease medial smooth muscle cell proliferation after arterial balloon injury? | {
"contexts": [
"Nitroglycerin and its effector molecules nitric oxide and cyclic guanosine monophosphate decrease smooth muscle cell proliferation in vitro. We examined the in vivo effect of nitroglycerin on intimal hyperplasia.",
"We treated rats after carotid artery balloon injury with nitroglycerin delive... | Nitroglycerin decreased medial cellular proliferation after balloon injury and had no significant effect on intimal proliferation. The size of the neointimal lesion was not affected by nitroglycerin therapy. | yes |
7,887,661 | Are melanoma and vitiligo associated with antibody responses to similar antigens on pigment cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Several clinical observations suggest that there is a link between vitiligo and melanoma. We examined whether an immune response to similar antigens on pigment cells could account for this association. We tested 30 patients with melanoma, 29 patients with vitiligo, and 28 patients with unrelated ... | Most patients with melanoma or with vitiligo develop antibodies to similar antigens that are present both on melanocytes and on melanoma cells. These findings support the hypothesis that the clinical link between the two diseases results from immune responses to antigens shared by normal and malignant pigment cells. | yes |
7,879,943 | Does the membrane lipid cholesterol modulate anesthetic actions on a human brain ion channel? | {
"contexts": [
"Molecular theories of general anesthesia often are divided into two categories: (1) Anesthetics may bind specifically to proteins, such as ionic channels, and alter their function directly, and (2) anesthetics may alter the functions of integral membrane proteins indirectly through modification o... | These results support a critical role for the lipid membrane in some anesthetic actions and further indicate that differences in lipid composition must be considered in the interpretation of results when comparing the anesthetic potencies of potential targets in model systems. | yes |
7,874,342 | Do endothelin-1 and prostaglandin E2 levels increase in patients with burns? | {
"contexts": [
"Endothelin-1 (ET-1), a powerful vasoconstrictor, is a 21 amino acid peptide produced by endothelium. It negatively affects pulmonary, cardiac, hepatic, and renal function. It also constricts bronchial and gut smooth muscle. This peptide also stimulates monocytes to produce prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)... | The increased plasma ET-1 response in patients with burns may have a role in the genesis of the systemic response to burns. This peptide may also activate monocyte production of PGE2 and other mediators of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome. This study was done to measure ET-1 and PGE2 levels in patients with ... | yes |
7,889,607 | Is variability of serum thyroglobulin levels determined by a major gene? | {
"contexts": [
"There are large variations in the circulating concentrations of thyroglobulin. The purpose of this study was to explore the possibility of a genetic basis for the variability of serum concentration of thyroglobulin (Tg) in euthyroid individuals.",
"The serum concentration of thyroglobulin (Tg... | Complex segregation analysis using the computer program Pointer suggested that variability in Tg levels was the result of a major dominant-like gene effect (accounting for 80% of the variability) combined with a multifactorial component. Thyroglobulin, a template for thyroid hormone production, is also a major thyroid ... | yes |
7,862,471 | Does the use of cranial CT scan in the triage of pediatric patients with mild head injury? | {
"contexts": [
"Recent evidence suggests that patients with a normal cranial CT scan after head injury can be safely discharged home from the emergency department. However, supporting data from previous studies has relied on incomplete patient follow-up. We utilized a statewide comprehensive hospital abstract re... | Among children with a normal cranial CT scan after mild head injury, delayed intracranial sequelae requiring intervention are extremely uncommon. In otherwise stable patients, a normal cranial CT scan can identify patients to be safely discharged from the emergency department, and would be more cost-effective than 1 to... | yes |
7,880,398 | Does gestational age correlate with immunosuppressive properties of hydatidiform mole pregnancies? | {
"contexts": [
"Soluble trophoblast extracts (HME) from some human hydatidiform mole pregnancies suppress IL-2-dependent T-cell proliferation, while others express no immunosuppressive bioactivity. This study was designed to determine if suppression by HME was correlated with gestational age, uterine size, or hC... | The results of this study suggest that production of immunosuppressive factors by hydatidiform mole trophoblast is developmentally regulated, and decreases with advancing gestation. | yes |
7,875,487 | Does nitric oxide block bile canalicular contraction by inhibiting inositol trisphosphate-dependent calcium mobilization? | {
"contexts": [
"The biochemical mechanism of bile canalicular contraction is similar to that of smooth muscle contraction. Contraction follows inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3)-dependent Ca2+ release, which activates actin-myosin interactions. Nitric oxide is a myorelaxant through the actions of 5'-cyclic gua... | These findings suggest that nitric oxide interferes with Ca2+ signals by cGMP-mediated inhibition of the InsP3 receptor/Ca2+ channel and that hepatocellular production of nitric oxide may be cholestatic by impairing canalicular motility. | yes |
7,875,483 | Is liver cell dysplasia a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis : a prospective study? | {
"contexts": [
"In humans, the role of liver cell dysplasia as a preneoplastic lesion is still debated. A prospective, long-term, multicenter study was performed to establish whether liver cell dysplasia in cirrhosis is associated with an increased risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).",
"A cohort of 307 ... | These results indicate that liver cell dysplasia is a major risk factor for HCC, and it should be looked for carefully by pathologists in liver biopsy specimens to identify patients requiring more intensive observation. | yes |
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