Yiziphi izindlela zokudambisa umlomo owomile kakhulu na?

Ukwelashwa komlomo owomile kuzoncika ekutheni yini ebangela inkinga. Uma ucabanga ukuthi unomlomo owomile, bona udokotela wezinyo noma udokotela wakho. Angakusiza ukuthola ukuthi yini ebangela umlomo owomile. Uma umlomo owomile ubangelwa umuthi, udokotela wakho angashintsha umuthi noma alungise umthamo. Uma izindlala zokukhiqiza amathe (amaglandzi amathe) zingasebenzi kahle, kodwa zisakwazi ukukhiqiza amanye amathe, udokotela wezinyo noma udokotela angakunika umuthi okhethekile osiza izindlala ukuthi zisebenze kangcono. Angaphakamisa ukuthi usebenzise okumele amathe ukugcina umlomo wakho umanzi. (Buka ividiyo ukufunda ngokwelashwa komlomo owomile. Ukwenza ividiyo ibe nkulu, chofoza izibiyelo ngakwesokudla phansi. Ukuyinciphisa, cindezela inkinobho ethi Escape ekhibhodini.)


Ngidinga kakhulu ukwehlisa amafutha omzimba

UKUSHINTSHA INDLELA YAKHO YOKUPHILA Indlela yokuphila ezinikele kanye nokuzivocavoca okuningi, kanye nokudla okunempilo, yindlela ephephile kakhulu yokunciphisa isisindo. Ngisho nokunciphisa isisindo okuncane kungathuthukisa impilo yakho. Ungadinga ukwesekwa okuningi kusuka emndenini nabangani. Inhloso yakho enkulu kufanele kube ukufunda izindlela ezintsha, ezinempilo zokudla nokuzenza zibe yingxenye yempilo yakho yansuku zonke. Abantu abaningi bathola kunzima ukushintsha imikhuba yabo yokudla nezimilo. Ungabe usulandele eminye imikhuba isikhathi eside kangangoba ungase ungazi nokuthi ayinampilo, noma uyayenza ngaphandle kokucabanga. Udinga ukukhuthazeka ukwenza izinguquko ezimpilweni yakho. Yenza ushintsho lwesimilo sibe yingxenye yempilo yakho isikhathi eside. Yazi ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi ukwenza nokugcina ushintsho empilweni yakho. Sebenzisana nomhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo kanye nochwepheshe wokudla ukuze uhlele amanani wokudla wansuku zonke aphephile nafanele, akusiza ukunciphisa isisindo ngenkathi ugcina impilo. Khumbula ukuthi uma wehlisa isisindo kancane nangokuqhubekayo, unamathuba amaningi wokuwagcina engabuyeli. Uchwepheshe wakho wokudla angakufundisa ngalokhu: - Ukukhetha ukudla okunempilo - Amakhekhe anempilo - Ukufunda amalebula okudla - Izindlela ezintsha zokulungisa ukudla - Ubukhulu bamaqhezu - Iziphuzo ezimnandi Amadayethi angenamkhawulo (angaphansi kwama-1,100 calories noma ama-4,600 kilojoules ngosuku) akubhekwa njengaphephile noma asebenze kahle. Lezi zinhlobo zamadayethi ahlala engenazo izakhamzimba namavithamini anele. Abantu abaningi abanciphisa isisindo ngale ndlela babuyela ekudleni kakhulu futhi babe nesisindo esikhulu futhi. Funda izindlela zokulawula ingcindezi ngaphandle kokudla amakhekhe. Izibonelo zingaba ukuzindla, iyoga, noma ukuzivocavoca. Uma udangele noma unengcindezi enkulu, khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho. IMITHI NEMITHI YEMVELO Ungabona izikhangiso zezingeza nemithi yemvelo (izithako zokwengeza) ezithembisa ukuthi zizokusiza ukunciphisa isisindo. Ezinye zalezi zethembiso zingahle zingabi yiqiniso. Futhi ezinye zalezi zingeza zingaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu. Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho ngaphambi kokuzisebenzisa. Ungaxoxa ngedokotela lakho ngamaphilisi okunciphisa isisindo. Abantu abaningi banciphisa okungenani amakhilogremu amabili ngesonto ngokuphuza le mithi, kodwa bangaphinda bathole isisindo uma beyeka ukuphuza umuthi ngaphandle kokuba benze izinguquko empilweni yabo. UKULAPHA Ukulapha (okunciphisa isisindo) kunganciphisa ubungozi bezifo ezithile kubantu abanesisindo esikhulu kakhulu. Lezi zingozi zibandakanya: - I-arthritis (ukuqina kwamathambo) - Isifo sikashukela - Isifo senhliziyo - Umfutho wegazi ophezulu - I-sleep apnea (ukuphefumula okunzima ngesikhathi ulele) - Ezinye izifo zomdlavuza - Ukushaywa yiparalaysi Ukulapha kungasiza abantu ababe nesisindo esikhulu kakhulu iminyaka emihlanu noma ngaphezulu futhi abanganciphisanga isisindo ngenxa yezinye izindlela zokwelapha, njengamadayethi, ukuzivocavoca, noma imithi. Ukulapha kuphela akusona isixazululo sokunciphisa isisindo. Kungakuqeqesha ukudla kancane, kodwa usafanele wenze okuningi komsebenzi. Kufanele uzinikele ekudleni nasekuzivocavoceni ngemva kokulashwa. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze ufunde ukuthi ngabe ukulapha kuyinto enhle yini kuwena. Ukulapha okunciphisa isisindo kubandakanya: - I-laparoscopic gastric banding (ukufaka ibhande esesiswini ngomshini omncane) - Ukulapha i-gastric bypass (ukushintsha indlela yokuhamba kokudla esiswini) - I-sleeve gastrectomy (ukunciphisa ubukhulu besisu, eyenziwa kancane) - I-duodenal switch (ukushintsha indlela yokugaya kokudla ematsheni)


Kuzokwenzekani uma ungahlinzwanga ukususa ipapilloma (isigaxa esincane esikhulayo esikhumbekeni)?

Ukwelashwa kwama-papilloma (izindlala ezincane) asebeleleni kuvame ukufaka ukususwa kwesitho sokuchiphiza ngokoqhaqho ukuze kuthuliswe izimpawu futhi kuhlolwe ngokwezinga lesitho. Muva nje, kusetshenziswe indlela engafaki ukungenela okukhulu. Indlela yokususa isitho esincane esichiphizayo ngosizo lwedokotela (MD-assisted microdochectomy) kufanele ibhekwe njengendlela ekhethekile yokwelashwa kokuchiphiza kwesitho esisodwa esihlobene ne-papilloma.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ubufakazi obukhulayo bokuthi le ndlela inamandla okunciphisa inani lezinqubo zokususa isitho sokuchiphiza futhi inciphise ubungako bokusika ngokoqhaqho. Ukuthatha isampula ngokuhlinzekwa ngesithombe nokudonsa (imaging-guided vacuum-assisted core biopsy) kungakwazi ukuhlola futhi kwelaphe ama-papilloma abonakala ngesikhathi kuthathwa isithombe sebele (mammography) kanye/noma kusetshenziswa ukuhlola ngamagagasi omsindo (ultrasound).

Iziguli ezinama-papilloma amaningi zinengozi enkulu yokuthola umdlavuza futhi kufanele zihlolwe njalo ngonyaka. Lokhu kufaka ukuthatha isithombe sebele (kungcono kube yisithombe sebele esidijithali) uma zelashwa ngendlela engafaki ukungenela okukhulu. Ukuhlola ngamagnet (Magnetic resonance - MR) kungasetshenziswa futhi ekuqapheleni ngenxa yokukwazi kwakho ukubona izinto ezincane kakhulu.

Ngenxa yokuthi ingozi incane, isikhathi eside futhi ithinta onke amabele, ukulandela isikhathi eside kufanele kakhulu kunokususa amabele omabili ngokoqhaqho ukuze kuvikelwe (prophylactic mastectomy). Iziguli ezitholakala zine-papilloma yesitho sokuchiphiza esisodwa azinakho ukwanda okuningi kwengozi yokuthola umdlavuza esikhathini esizayo, ngakho-ke akudingekile ukuthi zilandelwe njalo.


Ngicela ulwazi mayelana nenkinga yami yobukhulu obungaphezulu noma ngingathola yini usizo

Isifinyezo

Ukukhuluphala kuchaza ukuba nomzimba omningi kakhulu. Kuhlukile ekubeni nesisindo esikhulu, okuchaza ukuba nesisindo esikhulu kakhulu. Isisindo singavela enyameni, ethanjeni, amafutha, kanye/noma amanzi omzimba. Zombili lezi zincazelo zisho ukuthi isisindo somuntu sikhulu kakhulu kunalokho okubhekwa njengempilo ngokwezinga lakhe.

Ukukhuluphala kwenzeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uma udla amakalori (amandla atholakala ekudleni) amaningi kunalawo owasebenzisayo. Ukulingana phakathi kwamakalori angenayo nalawo aphumayo kwehlukile kumuntu ngamunye. Izinto ezingathinta isisindo sakho zihlanganisa ukwakheka kwakho ngokwemvelo, ukudla kakhulu, ukudla ukudla okunamafutha amaningi, kanye nokungashukumi ngokwanele.

Ukukhuluphala kwandisa ubungozi bakho besifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo, ukushaywa yisifo sohlangothi, isifo samthambo, kanye nomdlavuza othile. Uma ukhuluphele, ukulahlekelwa ngisho nangamaphesenti angu-5 kuya ku-10 wesisindo sakho kungabamba noma kuvimbele ezinye zalezi zifo. Isibonelo, lokho kusho ukulahlekelwa amaphawundi angu-10 kuya ku-20 uma unesisindo samaphawundi angu-200.

NIH (Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Sezokuphenya Ngezempilo eUSA): National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases


Ngifuna ulwazi mayelana noMdlavuza wombhobho wokudla (esophagus) futhi angitholi lutho uma ngihlola iwebhusayithi yakho.

Umdlavuza womphimbo wukufa komgudumgude, umbhobho ongaphandle othwala ukudla noketshezi kusuka emphinjeni kuye esiswini. Njengoba umdlavuza ukhula, izimpawu zingabandakanya ukugwinya okunzima noma okubuhlungu, ukwehla kwesisindo somzimba nokukhohlela igazi. Imbangela eyiyo ayaziwa ngokujwayelekile, kodwa kokubili izimo zendawo nezinto ezidluliswa ngokufuza zicatshangwa ukuthi zidlala indima ekuthuthukeni kwalesi simo. E-United States, izinto ezingaba yingozi zokuthuthukisa umdlavuza womphimbo zibandakanya ukubhema, ukuphuza kakhulu, ukukhuluphala, nokulimala okudalwa ukuphindaphinda kwesibhicongo sesisu. Ukwelashwa kubandakanya ukuhlinzwa, i-radiation, i-chemotherapy, kanye nokwelashwa nge-laser. Abanye iziguli zingadinga ukusekwa ngokwezokudla, njengoba umdlavuza noma ukwelashwa kungakwenza kube nzima ukugwinya.


Sawubona. Igama lami ngu-[NAME] futhi ngingumfundi wonyaka wesithathu esikoleni samabanga aphakeme. Njengamanje ngenza ucwaningo ngesihloko sokukhuluphala kakhulu, ngakho-ke bengifisa ukubuza imibuzo embalwa. Ngingabonga kakhulu uma ungakwazi ukuphendula! Ngiyabonga! 1) Yini/Ubani okufanele asolwe ngokukhuluphala kakhulu? 2) Ucabanga ukuthi ukubeka intela ekudleni okungenampilo kunganciphisa inani labantu abakhuluphele kakhulu? Kungani noma kungani kungenjalo? 3) Singakuvimbela kanjani ukukhuluphala kakhulu? 4) Yiziphi izinzuzo zokuzivocavoca imizuzu engama-30 nsuku zonke nokudla okunempilo? 5) Ngabe uhulumeni kufanele abambe iqhaza elikhulu ekulweni nokukhuluphala kakhulu? Kungani noma kungani kungenjalo? 6) Yini eyodwa okufanele siyinciphise kakhulu/siyisuse nhlobo emadayetini ethu? (njengamafutha, amakhabohayidrethi (izakhamzimba ezakhiwe ngamashadozi), ushukela, njll.) Ngiyabonga ngesikhathi sakho!

Ukudla ngokweqile kunalokho umzimba wakho okudingayo kungaholela ekukhulupheni. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba umzimba ugcina amandla angasetshenzisiwe njengamafutha. Ukukhuluphala kungabangelwa:

- Ukudla okuningi kunalokho umzimba ongakusebenzisa
- Ukuphuza kakhulu uphuzo oludakayo
- Ukungashukumi ngokwanele

Abantu abaningi abakhuluphele abehlisa isisindo esikhulu baphinde basithole bacabanga ukuthi yiphutha labo. Bazisola ngokungabi namandla okuphila ngendlela entsha. Abaningi baphinda bathole isisindo esikhulu kunasekuqaleni. Manje sesiyazi ukuthi indlela umzimba osebenza ngayo iyimbangela enkulu yokuthi abanye bangakwazi ukugcina isisindo siphansi.

Abanye abantu abahlala ndawonye futhi bedla ukudla okufanayo bayakhuluphala, kanti abanye abakhuluphali. Imizimba yethu inendlela eqondile yokugcina isisindo siphilile. Kwabanye, le ndlela ayisebenzi kahle. Indlela esidla ngayo sisebancane ingathinta indlela esidla ngayo sesikhulile. Indlela yokudla eminyakeni eminingi iba yisiko. Ithinta ukuthi sidlani, nini, nokuthi sidla kangakanani.

Singezwa sengathi sizungezwe yizinto ezenza kube lula ukudla ngokweqile futhi kunzima ukuhlala sinyakaza:
- Abaningi bathi abanaso isikhathi sokwenza ukudla okunempilo
- Namuhla, abaningi basebenza imisebenzi yokugxila etafuleni kuneyokushukuma
- Abangenaso isikhathi esengeziwe bangaba nencane indlela yokuzivocavoca

"Ukudla ngokungalawuleki" kusho izimo zempilo ezigxile ekudleni, ukudla ngendlela ethile, ukwehla noma ukwenyuka kwesisindo, nomfanekiso womzimba. Umuntu angakhuluphala, adle ngendlela engaphilile, futhi abe nokudla ngokungalawuleki ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Kwesinye isikhathi, izinkinga zempilo noma ukwelashwa kungenza umuntu akhuluphe, okuhlanganisa:
- Isitshalo sethayiroidi esingasebenzi kahle (i-hypothyroidism)
- Imithi efana namaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo, amaphilisi okwelapha ukudumala (izidakamizwa zokwelapha ukucindezeleka), namaphilisi okulapha izimo zengqondo

Okunye okungenza umuntu akhuluphe:
- Ukuyeka ukubhema: Abaningi abayekayo bathola phakathi kwamagremu angu-1.8 kuya ku-4.5 ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zokuqala
- Ingcindezi, ukwesaba, ukuzizwa uphansi, noma ukungalali kahle
- Ukuphela kwesikhathi sokuya enyangeni: Abesifazane bangathola phakathi kwamagremu angu-5.4 kuya ku-6.8
- Ukukhulelwa: Abesifazane bangalahlekelwa isisindo abathola ngesikhathi bekhulelwe


Sawubona. Igama lami ngu-[NAME] futhi ngingumfundi webanga leshumi esikoleni samabanga aphakeme. Njengamanje ngenza ucwaningo ngesihloko sobungingili futhi bengizibuza ukuthi ungakwazi yini ukuphendula imibuzo embalwa. Kungathokozisa kakhulu uma ungakwazi! Ngiyabonga! 1) Yini/Ubani okumele asolwe ngobungingili? 2) Ucabanga ukuthi ukufaka intela ekudleni okungempilo kuzonciphisa inani labantu abakhuluphele kakhulu? Kungani noma kungani kungenjalo? 3) Singakuvimbela kanjani ubungingili? 4) Yiziphi izinzuzo zokuzivocavoca imizuzu engama-30 nsuku zonke nokudla ukudla okunempilo? 5) Ngabe uhulumeni kumele abandakanyeke kakhulu ekunqandeni ubungingili? Kungani noma kungani kungenjalo? 6) Yini okuyinto yokuqala okumele sidle kancane kakhulu/siyisuse kudayethi yethu? (njengamafutha, amakhabohayidrethi (izakhamzimba ezakhiwe ngoshukela), ushukela, njll.) Ngiyabonga ngesikhathi sakho!

UKUSHINTSHA INDLELA YAKHO YOKUPHILA

Indlela yokuphila enomsebenzi kanye nokuzivocavoca okuningi, kanye nokudla okunempilo, yindlela ephephile kakhulu yokwehlisa isisindo. Ngisho nokwehlisa isisindo okuncane kungakuthuthukisa impilo yakho. Ungadinga ukwesekwa okuningi emndenini nabangani.

Inhloso yakho enkulu kufanele kube ukufunda izindlela ezintsha, ezinempilo zokudla nokuzenza zibe yingxenye yempilo yakho yansuku zonke. Abantu abaningi bakuthola kunzima ukushintsha imikhuba yabo yokudla nokuziphatha. Ungabe usuwenze eminye imikhuba isikhathi eside kangangokuthi ungase ungazi nokuthi ayinampilo, noma uyenze ngaphandle kokucabanga.

Udinga ukukhuthazeka ukuze wenze izinguquko empilweni yakho. Yenza ushintsho lwezenzo lube yingxenye yempilo yakho isikhathi eside. Yazi ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi ukwenza nokugcina ushintsho endleleni yakho yokuphila.

Sebenzisana nomdokotela wakho kanye nochwepheshe wokudla ukuze uhlele amanani afanelekile, aphephile wokudla kwansuku zonke okukusiza ukuthi wehlise isisindo ngenkathi ugcina impilo. Khumbula ukuthi uma wehlisa isisindo kancane nangokuqhubekayo, unamathuba amaningi okuwagcina engabuyeli.

Uchwepheshe wakho wokudla angakufundisa ngalokhu:
• Ukukhetha ukudla okunempilo (njengamaveji, izithelo, ubhontshisi)
• Ama-snack anempilo (njengezindlubu, izithelo ezomile)
• Ukufunda amalebula okudla
• Izindlela ezintsha zokulungisa ukudla
• Amasayizi wezingxenye zokudla
• Iziphuzo ezimnandi kakhulu

Amadayethi anezithiyo ezinkulu (okungaphansi kwama-1,100 amakalori ngosuku) akubhekwa njengaphephile noma asebenza kahle. Lezi zinhlobo zamadayethi azivamile ukuba nezakhamzimba nama-mineral anele. Abantu abaningi abehlisa isisindo ngalendlela babuyela ekudleni kakhulu baphinde babe nobungako obunganakwa.

Funda izindlela zokuphatha ingcindezi ngaphandle kokudla kakhulu. Izibonelo zingaba ukuzindla, i-yoga, noma ukuzivocavoca (njengokuhamba, ukugijima, noma ukudansa). Uma udangele noma unengcindezi enkulu, khuluma nomdokotela wakho.

IMITHI KANYE NEMITHI YEMVELO

Ungabona izikhangiso zezithako kanye nemithi yemvelo ezithi zizokusiza ukwehlisa isisindo. Ezinye zalezi zethembiso zingangabi yiqiniso. Futhi ezinye zalezi zithako zingaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu. Khuluma nomdokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuzisebenzisa.

Ungaxoxa ngemithi yokwehlisa isisindo nomdokotela wakho. Abantu abaningi behlisa okungenani amapawundi ayi-5 ngokuphuza le mithi. Kodwa bangaphinda bathole isisindo uma beyeka ukuphuza umuthi ngaphandle kokuba benze izinguquko endleleni yabo yokuphila.

UKUHLINZWA

Ukuhlinzwa kokwehlisa isisindo kunganciphisa ingozi yezifo ezithile kubantu abanesisindo esikhulu kakhulu. Lezi zingozi zibandakanya:
• I-arthritis (ukuqaqamba kwamathambo)
• Isifo sikashukela
• Isifo senhliziyo
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu
• I-sleep apnea (ukuphefumula okungalungile ubuthongo)
• Ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza
• Ukushaywa yi-stroke (ukuvaleka kwemithambo egazi ekhanda)

Ukuhlinzwa kungasiza abantu ababe nesisindo esikhulu kakhulu iminyaka emihlanu noma ngaphezulu futhi abangakwazanga ukwehlisa isisindo ngezinye izindlela zokwelapha, njengokudla, ukuzivocavoca, noma imithi.

Ukuhlinzwa kuphela akusona isixazululo sokwehlisa isisindo. Kungakuqeqesha ukuthi udle kancane, kodwa kufanele wenze okuningi komsebenzi. Kufanele uzibophezele ekudleni nasekuzivocavoceni ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Khuluma nomdokotela wakho ukufunda ukuthi ngabe ukuhlinzwa kuyindlela enhle yini kuwena.

Ukuhlinzwa kokwehlisa isisindo kubandakanya:
• I-laparoscopic gastric banding (ukufaka ibhande esesiswini ngomshini omncane)
• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-gastric bypass (ukunciphisa isisindo sesisu)
• I-sleeve gastrectomy (ukususa ingxenye yesisu)
• I-duodenal switch (ukushintsha indlela yokugaya ukudla emathunjini)


Ngicela ungithumelele ngeposi imininigwane nge-Lynch Syndrome njengoba anginayo ikhompyutha futhi udokotela wami ungitshele ukuthi nginaso lesi sifo.

I-Lynch syndrome yisimo esidluliselwa ngokuzalwa esibangela ukwenyuka kwengozi yokuthola umdlavuza. Abantu abane-Lynch syndrome basengozini enkulu yokuthola umdlavuza wekholo (umgogodla omkhulu) nomdlavuza womlomo wesibunu, kanye nomdlavuza wesisu, wemithambo emincane yokuya, wesibindi, wezindlela zenyongo, wezindlela eziphezulu zomchamo (izinso namapayipi awo), wobuchopho, wesikhumba, kanye nowesitho sangasese sabesilisa. Abesifazane abane-Lynch syndrome baphinde babe sengozini enkulu yokuthola umdlavuza wesibeletho (obizwa nangokuthi umdlavuza we-endometrial) kanye nomdlavuza wamaqanda. Yize lesi simo saqala ukuchazwa njengendlela engahlanganisi ukukhula okungeyona umdlavuza (okungabizi) esigazini, abantu abane-Lynch syndrome bangaba namakhwamkhwamu esigazini ngokwengozi. I-Lynch syndrome inephethini yokudluliselwa ngokuzalwa edlulisela isimo ngqo kubazali kuya ezinganeni (i-autosomal dominant) futhi ibangelwa ukuguquka kwamajini athile (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2 noma EPCAM).


Ngicela ungithumelele ngeposi ulwazi ngeLynch Syndrome njengoba ngingenayo ikhompyutha futhi udokotela wami ungitshele ukuthi nginaso lesi sifo.

I-Lynch syndrome, evame ibizwa ngokuthi i-hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) (isifo somdlavuza wesisu elikhulu esidluliswa ngokuzalwa), isifo esidluliswa ngokuzalwa esandisa ubungozi bokhukhulamela wezinhlobo eziningi. Ikakhulukazi, sandisa ubungozi bomdlavuza wesisu elikhulu (large intestine) kanye nendawo yokuzibhuquza, okubizwa ngokuthi umdlavuza wesisu elikhulu nendawo yokuzibhuquza. Abantu abane-Lynch syndrome baphinde babe nobungozi obukhulu bomdlavuza wesisu, amathumbu amancane, isibindi, imithanjana yenyongo, ingxenye ephezulu yomgudu womchamo, ubuchopho, kanye nesikhumba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abesifazane abanalesi sifo banobungozi obuphakeme bomdlavuza wamaqanda kanye nomgoqo wesibeletho (i-endometrium noma isikhumba sangaphakathi sesibeletho).

Abantu abane-Lynch syndrome ngezinye izikhathi bangaba nokukhula okungenawo umdlavuza (benign) esisu elikhulu, okubizwa ngokuthi amapolyps esisu elikhulu. Kubantu abanalesi sifo, amapolyps esisu elikhulu avela kusenesikhathi kodwa hhayi ngobuningi obukhulu kunalokho okwenzeka ebantwini bonke.


Ngicela ungithumelele ngeposi ulwazi lwesiguli mayelana nesifo se-Glaucoma, ngisanda ukuhlolwa ngathola ukuthi nginaso futhi ngifuna ukufunda konke engingakwazi ukukufunda ngalesi sifo.

Iglaucoma yiqoqo lezimo zamehlo ezingalimaza umsipha wokubona. Lo msipha uthumela izithombe ozibonayo ebuchosheni bakho. Ngokuvamile, ukulimala komsipha wokubona kubangelwa ukwenyuka kwengcindezi eswini. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ingcindezi yaphakathi eswini. Buka lesi sivideo mayelana ne-Iglaucoma


Ispina bifida (ukuphuka komgogodla); ukuhlanganiswa kwamathambo omgogodla; isirinx; ikhorda eboshiwe. Ungangisiza yini ngokwelashwa kwalezi zinkinga?

Lezi zinsiza zibhekana nokuhlolelwa noma ukunakekelwa kwe-spina bifida (umgogodla ovulekile): - Isibhedlela Sezingane sase-Benioff, eNyuvesi yase-California, eSan Francisco: Ukwelashwa kwe-Spina Bifida - Izikhungo Zokulawula Nokuvikela Izifo: Ukuphila ne-Spina Bifida - I-GeneFacts (Ulwazi lwezofuzo): I-Spina Bifida: Ukuhlolelwa - I-GeneFacts (Ulwazi lwezofuzo): I-Spina Bifida: Ukunakekelwa - Irejista Yokuhlolwa Kwezofuzo: Inkinga yomgudu wemizwa - Irejista Yokuhlolwa Kwezofuzo: Izinkinga zomgudu wemizwa, ezinezwela kwifolate - Inhlangano ye-Spina Bifida: Ukunakekelwa Nokwelashwa Kwezinso Nezitho Zangasese - Isikhungo Sokwelashwa Kwezinsana Ezingakazalwa sase-University of California, San Francisco Lezi zinsiza ezivela ku-MedlinePlus zinikeza ulwazi mayelana nokuhlolelwa nokunakekelwa kwezimo ezahlukene zempilo: - Ukuhlolwa - Ukwelashwa Ngamaphilisi - Ukuhlinzwa Nokuvuselela - Ukwelulekwa Ngezofuzo - Ukunakekelwa Kokudambisa Izinhlungu


i-spina bifida; i-vertebral fusion; i-syrinx tethered cord. Ungasiza ngokwelashwa kwalezi zinkinga?

Alikho ikhambi le-spina bifida (SB) ngoba amathishu omzwa awakwazi ukufakwa kabusha noma ukulungiswa. Ukwelashwa kwemiphumela ehlukahlukene ye-SB kungafaka ukuhlinzwa, imithi, kanye nokwelapha ngokwenyakazisa umzimba (physiotherapy). Abantu abaningi abane-SB bazodinga izinsiza ezisizayo njengezibopho zokuxhasa (braces), izinduku zokuhamba, noma izitulo ezinamavili (wheelchairs). Ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo, kanye/noma ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka ukuvimbela nokulawula izinkinga impilo yonke yomuntu. Ukuhlinzwa ukuvala imbobo eseqolo lomzanyana osanda kuzalwa kwenziwa ngokuvamile kungakapheli amahora angu-24 emva kokuzalwa ukunciphisa ubungozi bokutheleleka nokugcina ukusebenza okukhona entanjeni yomgogodla.


Sawubona dokotela, igama lami ngu-[NAME] ngivela e-[LOCATION]. Sekuphose kube yiminyaka emibili ngingakhulelwa. Ngenze ama-test ambalwa endodeni yami, isperm count siyizero, futhi ngenze i-molecular biology karyotyping test kuvele ukuthi yi-Klinefelter syndrome. Likhona yini ithuba lokuthi ngikhulelwe? Lukhona yini uhlelo lokwelapha lokhu? Ngicela ungisize... Uma udinga imininingwane eyengeziwe ngingakuthumelela imibiko (mnumzane ngicela ungisize).

Ukwelashwa kuncike ekutheni inkinga ivela kuphi, kodwa kungabandakanya:
  - Ukujova i-testosterone (kubesilisa)
  - Isibambelelo sesikhumba esikhipha i-testosterone kancane-kancane (kubesilisa)
  - Amajeli e-testosterone (kubesilisa)
  - Amaphilisi noma izibambelelo zesikhumba ze-estrogen kanye ne-progesterone (kubesifazane)
  - Ukujovwa kwe-GnRH (i-Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone)


Sawubona dokotela, igama lami ngu-[IGAMA] ngivela e-[INDAWO]. Sekuphose kube iminyaka emibili ngingakhulelwa. Ngenze izivivinyo ezimbalwa zomyeni wami, umyalo uyi-zero, futhi ngenze ivivinyo le-molecular biology karyotyping kuvele ukuthi i-Klinefelter syndrome (uhlobo lwesifo). Ingabe kukhona amathuba okukhulelwa? Ingabe kukhona ukwelashwa kwalokhu? Ngicela ungisize... Uma udinga okuthe xaxa ngingakuthumelela imibiko (mnumzane ngicela ungisize).

Ukwelashwa ngethestosterone (Testosterone therapy) kunganconywa. Lokhu kungasiza:
   - Ukukhulisa izinwele zomzimba
   - Ukuthuthukisa ukubukeka kwezicubu
   - Ukuthuthukisa ukugxila
   - Ukuthuthukisa isimo somqondo kanye nokuzethemba
   - Ukwandisa amandla kanye nokunxanela ucansi
   - Ukwandisa amandla
Amadoda amaningi analesisifo awakwazi ukukhulelisa umuntu wesifazane. Kodwa, uchwepheshe wokulaphela ukungabinamtwana angasiza. Ukubona udokotela obizwa nge-endocrinologist (udokotela wezitho zangaphakathi ezingamadlala) kungaba lusizo futhi.


Sawubona dokotela, igama lami ngu-[NAME] ngivela e-[LOCATION]. Sekuphose kube iminyaka emibili ngingakhulelwa. Ngenze izivivinyo ezimbalwa zomyeni wami, inani lamahluli akhe lingu-zero, futhi ngenze isivivinyo se-molecular biology karyotyping, futhi kuvele i-Klinefelter syndrome (isimo esithile sezokwelashwa). Ingabe ikhona ithuba lokukhulelwa? Ngabe kukhona ukwelashwa kwalokhu? Ngicela ungisize... Uma udinga imininingwane eyengeziwe ngingakuthumelela imibiko (mnumzane ngicela ungisize kakhulu).

Lezi zinsiza zibhekana nokuhlolelwa noma ukunakekelwa kwesindrome kaKlinefelter:
- Genetic Testing Registry: Isindrome kaKlinefelter, XXY
- I-Encyclopedia yeMedlinePlus: Isindrome kaKlinefelter
- I-Encyclopedia yeMedlinePlus: Ukwehluleka Kwamathestisi (Ukungasebenzi Kahle Kwezinhlanga)

Lezi zinsiza ezivela kuMedlinePlus zinikeza ulwazi mayelana nokuhlolelwa nokunakekelwa kwezimo ezahlukene zempilo:
- Ukuhlolwa Kokuhlolelwa
- Ukwelashwa Ngokusebenzisa Imithi
- Ukuhlinzwa Nokuvuselela
- Ukwelulekwa Ngezofuzo
- Ukunakekelwa Kweziguli Ezigulayo Kakhulu


Umdlavuza wesifuba eminyakeni engu-84. Umama wami othandekayo usanda kuthola ukuthi unomdulavuza wesifuba. Uneminyaka engu-84 ubudala, isibhobho sakhe saqala emthanjeni wobisi futhi sincane ngobukhulu, kukhona futhi isigaxa esifubeni esifanayo. Uhlelelwe ukuhlinzwa kususwe isigaxa (i-lumpectomy) ukususa kokubili. Ngenxa yobudala sifuna iziphakamiso ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zokwelapha ezingasetshenziswa emva kokuhlinzwa.

Ukwelashwa ngamahormoni kuvimbela amaselula omdlavuza ukuthola amahormoni (izakhi zomzimba) adingeka ukuze akhule. Lolu kwelapha kungahlanganisa ukusebenzisa imithi eshintsha indlela amahormoni asebenza ngayo. Ngesinye isikhathi kuhlanganisa ukuhlinzwa ukususa amaqanda, akhiqiza amahormoni abesifazane. Njengokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, ukwelashwa ngamahormoni kungathinta amaselula omdlavuza emzimbeni wonke. Ngokuvamile, abesifazane abanomdlavuza wesifuba osesigabeni sokuqala nalabo abanomdlavuza wesifuba osudlulele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba (obizwa ngomdlavuza wesifuba osuqhubekile) bathola ukwelashwa ngamahormoni ngendlela ye-tamoxifen. Ukwelashwa ngamahormoni nge-tamoxifen noma ama-estrogen kungasebenza emaseluleni emzimbeni wonke. Nokho, kungenyusa amathuba okuthola umdlavuza wesibeletho (i-endometrial cancer). Uma uthatha i-tamoxifen, kufanele uhlolwe isitho sangasese njalo ngonyaka ukubheka izimpawu zomdlavuza. Kubalulekile kakhulu ukuthi owesifazane azise udokotela wakhe ngokushesha nganoma yikuphi ukopha esithweni sangasese esingajwayelekile, ngaphandle kokopha kwenyanga.


Umdlavuza webele eminyakeni engama-84. Umama wami usanda ukuhlolwa watholakala enomdlavuza webele. Uneminyaka engama-84 ubudala, isigaxa sakhe siqale emthanjeni wobisi futhi sincane ngobukhulu, kukhona futhi inqumbi ebeleni elifanayo. Uhlelelwe ukuhlinzwa okukhethekile okubizwa nge-lumpectomy ukususa kokubili. Ngenxa yobudala bakhe, siyacela iziphakamiso ngezindlela zokwelapha emva kokuhlinzwa.

Imithi ethile eseyisetshenziselwe ngempumelelo eminye imikhuba yomdlavuza manje iyasetshenziswa ukwelapha eminye imikhuba yomdlavuza webele. Ukuxubana kwemithi kungakwazi ukwandisa isikhathi ozophila ngaso, noma isikhathi ozophila ngaso ungenayo umdlavuza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imithi ethile efana ne-Herceptin® ne-Tykerb® uma ithathwa ihambisana nokwelashwa ngokubulala amasosha omzimba angenampilo (i-chemotherapy), ingasiza abesifazane abanezinguquko ezithile zofuzo zomdlavuza webele kangcono kunokwelashwa nge-chemotherapy kuphela.


Sawubona, igama lami ngu-[NAME] futhi ngingumfundi e-[LOCATION] lapha e-[LOCATION]. Ngibhala umbiko wocwaningo nge-SIDS (Ukufa Okungalindelekile Komntwana Osanda Kuzalwa) futhi bengethemba ukuthi ungangisiza ngolwazi oluthile. Benginentshisekelo ikakhulukazi ekufundeni ngokuthi ngabe abazali kufanele bakhathazeke yini ngokufa kwezingane ezisanda kuzalwa, nokuthi ungangiqondisa yini emithonjeni yolwazi ngalokho, noma uvume ukuthi ngikubuze imibuzo. Ngiyabonga ngesikhathi sakho. Uma unolunye ulwazi olungangisiza, ngingakuthokozela kakhulu. Ungangithumelela i-imeyili ku-[CONTACT] noma ungithinte kucingo lami ku-[CONTACT]. Ngiyaphinda ngiyabonga.

Ukufa okusheshayo nokungalindelekile kwengane (i-Sudden Infant Death Syndrome noma i-SIDS) ukufa okusheshayo nokungalindelekile kwengane engaphansi konyaka. Ukuhlolwa kwesidumbu emva kokufa akuvezi isizathu esicacile sokushona.


Sawubona, igama lami ngingu-[NAME] futhi ngingumfundi e-[LOCATION] lapha e-[LOCATION]. Ngibhala umbiko wocwaningo nge-SIDS futhi bengethemba ukuthi ungangisiza ngolwazi oluthile. Benginesithakazelo ikakhulukazi ekufundeni ukuthi ngabe abazali kufanele bakhathazeke nge-SIDS nokuthi ungangitshengisa imithombo ethile ngalokho, noma ungivumele ukuxoxisana nawe. Ngiyabonga ngesikhathi sakho esiligcine. Uma unoma yini enye engangisiza, ngingayithokozela kakhulu. Ngicela ungangithumelela i-imeyili ku-[CONTACT] noma ungithinte nge-foni yami ku-[CONTACT]. Ngiyabonga futhi.

Ukufingqiwa Ukufa okusheshayo kwengane (i-SIDS, okubizwa ngokuthi "ukufa okungachazeki kwengane") ukufa okusheshayo, okungaziwa kwengane engaphansi konyaka ubudala. Abanye abantu babiza i-SIDS ngokuthi "ukufa kwesicabha sengane" ngoba izingane eziningi ezifa nge-SIDS zitholakala emasicabeni azo. I-SIDS iyimbangela enkulu yokufa ezinganeni eziphakathi kwenyanga eyodwa kanye nonyaka ubudala. Ukufa okuningi kwe-SIDS kwenzeka lapho izingane ziphakathi kwezinyanga ezimbili kanye nezinyanga ezine ubudala. Izingane ezizalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi, abafana, abaMnyama base-Afrika, kanye nezingane zama-American Indian/Alaska Native zinengozi ephakeme ye-SIDS.

Nakuba ochwepheshe bezempilo bengazi ukuthi yini ebangela i-SIDS, bayazi izindlela zokunciphisa ingozi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa:
• Ukubeka izingane ngomhlane ukuba zilale, ngisho nangesikhathi sezindlwana ezimfushane. "Isikhathi sesisu" senzelwe lapho izingane zivukile futhi kukhona ozibhekile
• Ukusebenzisa indawo yokulala eqinile, njengesicabha sengane esinamathele kahle
• Ukugcina izinto ezithambile kanye nezinto zokulala ezingaqinile kude nendawo yokulala
• Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izingane azishisi kakhulu. Gcina igumbi ezingeni lokushisa elifanele umuntu omdala
• Ungabhemi ngesikhathi ukhulelwe noma uvumele noma ubani ukuba abheme eduze kwengane yakho

NIH: Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Sempilo Yezingane Nokuthuthukiswa


Sawubona Dkt., ngicela ngine-umngane onalesi sifo.. Ngifuna ukwazi... njengoba ngifuna ukumshada... ngabe kuyisifo esithathelwanayo, futhi singaphola ngokuphelele na? Futhi ngingamusiza kanjani ukuthi alapheke kulesi sifo.. Ngicela impendulo yakho ngokushesha okukhulu kakhulu

Ukwelashwa kwesifo somphefumulo (i-pneumonia) kuncike ekutheni hlobo luni lwesifo somphefumulo onalo nokuthi sibi kangakanani. Abantu abaningi abane-pneumonia etholakala emphakathini—uhlobo olujwayelekile lwesifo somphefumulo—belashwa ekhaya. Izinjongo zokwelashwa ukwelapha ukutheleleka nokuvimbela izinkinga.

Ukwelashwa Okujwayelekile
Uma unesifo somphefumulo, landela uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa, thatha yonke imithi njengoba iyalelwe, futhi uthole ukunakekelwa kwezempilo okuqhubekayo. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi kufanele uhlele nini ukunakekelwa okulandelayo. Udokotela wakho angafuna ukuba wenze isithombe-mbhobho sesifuba (i-x ray) ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isifo somphefumulo sesiphelile. Nakuba ungaqala ukuzizwa ungcono emva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa noma amasonto, ukukhathala kungaqhubeka inyanga noma ngaphezulu. Abantu abasheshe bashushumbiswa esibhedlela bangadinga okungenani amasonto amathathu ngaphambi kokuba babuyele emisebenzi yabo ejwayelekile.

Isifo Somphefumulo Esibangwa Amagciwane
Isifo somphefumulo esibangwa amagciwane selashwa ngemithi ebulala amagciwane (ama-antibiotics). Kufanele uthathe ama-antibiotics njengoba udokotela wakho eyalela. Ungaqala ukuzizwa ungcono ngaphambi kokuba uqede umuthi, kodwa kufanele uqhubeke nowuthatha njengoba uyalelwe. Uma uyeka masinyane kakhulu, isifo somphefumulo singabuya. Abantu abaningi baqala ukuba ngcono emva kwezinsuku ezingu-1 kuya ku-3 zokwelashwa ngama-antibiotics. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kufanele bazizwe bengcono futhi babe nezimpawu ezincane, njengokukhwehlela nomkhuhlane.

Isifo Somphefumulo Esibangwa Amagciwane Amancane
Ama-antibiotics awasebenzi uma imbangela yesifo somphefumulo kuyigciwane elincane. Uma unesifo somphefumulo esibangwa igciwane elincane, udokotela wakho angakuyalela umuthi obulala amagciwane amancane ukusilapha. Isifo somphefumulo esibangwa igciwane elincane sivame ukuba ngcono emasontweni angu-1 kuya ku-3.

Ukwelapha Izimpawu Ezinzima
Ungadinga ukwelashwa esibhedlela uma:
• Izimpawu zakho zinzima
• Usengozini yokuba nezinkinga ngenxa yezinye izinkinga zempilo

Uma izinga lomoya omhlophe egazini lakho liphansi, ungathola ukwelashwa ngomoya omhlophe. Uma unesifo somphefumulo esibangwa amagciwane, udokotela wakho angakunika ama-antibiotics ngomthambo ongena ngqo emzimbeni (i-intravenous).


Uyini umkhondo wokulula ngemuva kokuba uphethwe ukufa uhlangothi?

Ukuthi umuntu uzoba kanjani emva kwe-stroke kuncike:
- Uhlobo lwesifo sohlangothi
- Umonakalo ongakanani owenzeke emalini yobuchopho
- Yimiphi imisebenzi yomzimba ethintekile
- Ukushesha kokunikezwa ukwelashwa

Izinkinga zokuhamba, ukucabanga, nokukhuluma zivame ukuba ngcono emasontweni noma ezinyangeni ezimbalwa emva kwe-stroke. Abantu abaningi abake baba nesifo sohlangothi bayaqhubeka nokuba ngcono ezinyangeni noma eminyakeni. Ngaphezulu kwengxenye yabantu ababa nesifo sohlangothi bayakwazi ukusebenza nokuhlala emakhaya. Abanye abakwazi ukuzinakekela.

Uma ukwelashwa ngemithi yokuhlakazela amagquma egazi kuyaphumelela, izimpawu zesifo sohlangothi zinganyamalala. Kodwa-ke, iziguli zivame ukungafiki esibhedlela ngesikhathi esanele ukuthola le mithi, noma azikwazi ukuyithatha ngenxa yesimo sempilo.

Abantu ababa nesifo sohlangothi ngenxa yegquma legazi (i-ischemic stroke) banethuba elingcono lokusinda kunalabo ababa nesifo sohlangothi ngenxa kokopha ebuchosheni (i-hemorrhagic stroke). Ubungozi besifo sohlangothi yesibili buphezulu kakhulu emasontweni noma ezinyangeni ezimbalwa emva kwesifo sohlangothi yokuqala. Ubungozi buqala ukwehla emva kwalesi sikhathi.


Ngabe lukhona ulwazi olutholakala kwabesifazane abasebenzisa noma abake basebenzisa lona? Ngingathanda ukwazi ukuthi yiziphi izenzo zabo kulowo muthi. Ngiyabonga kakhulu ngosizo lwakho.

Ngaphandle kwemiphumela edingekayo, umuthi ungabanga eminye imiphumela engathandeki. Nakuba kungenzeka ukuthi kungabi yiyo yonke le miphumela engathandeki engenzeka, uma yenzeka kungadingeka ukwelashwa. Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma kwenzeka noma yimiphi yale miphumela engathandeki elandelayo:

Okungajwayelekile
Ukuphuka kwamathambo
Ubuhlungu basesifubeni sesifazane
Ubuhlungu esifubeni
Ukuqhaqhazela, umkhuhlane, noma izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane
Ukudangala emqondweni
Ukuphefumula nzima
Ukuvuvukala kwezinyawo noma imilenze engezansi

Okuvame kancane
Ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa okuqhubekayo noma okubi kakhulu
Ukukhwehlela
Isiyezi noma ukuzizwa unesiyezi
Ukuquleka
Ukushaya ngokushesha kwenhliziyo
Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo
Ukujuluka okwandile
Isicabucabu
Ubuhlungu esifubeni, esithweni sangasese, noma emilenzeni, ikakhulukazi amakalvu
Ukuphefumula nzima okubi kakhulu nokungalindelekile
Ubuhlungu bekhanda obukhulu nobusheshayo, obungalindelekile
Inkulumo ebhixayo
Ukulahlekelwa ngokushesha ukuxhumana komzimba
Ukuba buthakathaka okusheshayo nokubi kakhulu noma ukungezwa emlenzeni noma engalweni
Ukopha kwesibeletho
Izinguquko ekuboneni

Ukwenzeka okungakaziwa
Ukuzikhulula okunsundu, okufana nekhathari
Ukungaboni nya
Ukubona kufiphele
Ukushisa, ukukwekwezela, ukwenyanya, ukungezwa, ukuhlaba (okufana "nezinaliti nezingilazi"), noma imizwa yokukitaza
Ukungaphatheki kahle esifubeni
Ukubona kunciphe
Imithambo yentamo ekhukhumele
Ukukhathala okweqile
Isidingo esandile sokuchama
Ukuphefumula okungahlelekile
Ukushaya okungahlelekile kwenhliziyo
Ukuchama okubuhlungu noma okunzima
Ukuchama kaningi
Ubuhlungu emphinjeni
Izilonda, amaqhuqhuva, noma amabala amhlophe ezindebeni noma emlonyeni
Amaqhubu avuvukele
Ukopha noma ukuba nezibazi okungajwayelekile
Ukukhathala noma ukuba buthakathaka okungajwayelekile
Ukwenyuka kwesisindo
Ukukhala umphimbo
Okuphuma okumhlophe noma okunsundu esibeletho

Eminye imiphumela engathandeki ingenzeka ingadingeki ukwelashwa. Le miphumela engathandeki ingahamba ngesikhathi sokwelashwa njengoba umzimba wakho uzijwayeza umuthi. Futhi, uchwepheshe wezempilo angakwazi ukukutshela ngezindlela zokuvikela noma ukunciphisa eminye yale miphumela engathandeki. Xhumana nochwepheshe wezempilo uma noma yimiphi yale miphumela engathandeki elandelayo iqhubeka noma iyakhathaza noma uma unemibuzo ngayo:

Okujwayelekile kakhulu
Ubuhlungu bemuva
Ubuhlungu bamathambo
Ukushisa okusheshayo (ukujuluka okusheshayo nokuzwa ukushisa)
Ubuhlungu bamalunga
Ubuhlungu wezicubu

Okungajwayelekile
Ukwesaba
Ukudideka
Ukuqinisa isisu
Isihudo
Umlomo owomile
Ubuhlungu bekhanda
Ukwenyuka kokoma
Ukulahlekelwa yinkanuko yokudla noma ukwehla kwesisindo
Ukunambitha okufana nensimbi
Ukuqubuka noma ukwenyanya kwesikhumba
Ukulala
Ukuzizwa uzungeza noma ujikeleza okubangela ukulahlekelwa ukuxhumana
Ubuhlungu noma ukungaphatheki kahle esiswini
Ukungalali kahle
Ukuphalaza
Ukuba buthakathaka

Ukwenzeka okungakaziwa
Ukunambitha okubi, okungajwayelekile, noma okungathandeki (emva) nokomelela
Ukukhohlwa
Ukushintsha kokunambitha
Ukoma kwesikhumba
Ukuwa kwezinwele
Amaqhuqhuva noma amaqhubukwana
Ukwenyuka kwenkanuko yokudla
Ukucasuka
Ukuphazamiseka
Amehlo abomvu, abuhlungu
Ukubomva kwesikhumba
Ukuvuvukala noma ukuvuvukala komlomo

Eminye imiphumela engathandeki engabhalwanga lapha ingenzeka nakwabanye iziguli. Uma ubona noma yimiphi eminye imiphumela, xhumana nochwepheshe wakho wezempilo. Shayela udokotela wakho ukuze uthole izeluleko zokwelapha mayelana nemiphumela engathandeki. Ungabika imiphumela engathandeki kwi-FDA kwinombolo ethi 1-800-FDA-1088 (le nombolo isebenza e-United States kuphela).


Yimiphi imithi kanye nokudla okunganikezwa isiguli se-ALS ukusiza ekunciphiseni ukuphola kokuqhubeka kwesifo

Akukho ukwelapha okutholakele okwamanje kwe-ALS. Kodwa-ke, umuthi i-riluzole--owodwa umuthi ogunyaziwe yi-Food and Drug Administration (inhlangano yaselweni yaseMelika ephethe ukudla nemithi) ukwelapha i-ALS--wengeza impilo ngezinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezintathu kodwa awulungisi izimpawu. I-FDA iphinde yagunyaza i-NeuRx Diaphragm Pacing System (uhlelo lokusiza ukuphefumula ngokusebenzisa ugesi), esebenzisa ama-electrodes afakiwe kanye nebhokisi lebhethri ukwenza i-diaphragm (umsipha wokuphefumula) ukhwehle, ukusiza abanye abantu abane-ALS kanye nezinkinga zokuphefumula ngenzuzo evamile yezinyanga eziyi-16 ngaphambi kokuqala kokwehluleka okukhulu kwemithambo yokuphefumula. Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zenzelwe ukunqanda izimpawu nokuthuthukisa izinga lempilo labantu abane-ALS. Imithi iyatholakala ukusiza abantu abane-spasticity (ukuqina okungalawuleki kwemisipha), ubuhlungu, ukwethuka okusheshayo, kanye nokudumala. Ukwelashwa ngokwenyama (physiotherapy), ukwelashwa kwezomsebenzi, kanye nokuvuselela kungasiza ukuvimbela ukunganyakazi kwamalunga nokunciphisa ukubuthaka kwemisipha nokunciphe kwayo. Abantu abane-ALS bangagcina becabanga ngezinhlobo zokwelapha ngomshini wokuphefumula (ama-respirator okusiza ukuphefumula).


Ingabe i-macular degeneration kwelinye ilihlo kuphela ingabangela isiyezi?

Ukuzizwa unesiyezi (isiZulu: ukuba nesiyezi) kwenzeka uma ubuchopho bakho bungatholi igazi elanele. Lokhu kungenzeka uma:
- Unokwehla okusheshayo kwengcindezi yegazi.
- Umzimba wakho ungenayo amanzi anele (womile) ngenxa yokuphalaza, uhudo, umkhuhlane, nezinye izimo.
- Usukuma ngokushesha kakhulu emva kokuhlala noma ukulala phansi (lokhu kujwayeleke kakhulu kubantu abadala).

Ukuzizwa unesiyezi kungenzeka futhi uma unomkhuhlane, igazi lakho lineshukela eliphansi, unesikhwenkhwe, noma ama-aloji. Izimo ezinzima kakhulu ezingaholela ekuzizweni unesiyezi zibandakanya:
- Izinkinga zenhliziyo, njengokuhlasela kwenhliziyo noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile
- Ukuphazamiseka kokuhamba kwegazi ebuchosheni (i-stroke)
- Ukopha ngaphakathi komzimba
- Ukwehla okusheshayo kwengcindezi yegazi okubucayi (i-shock)

Uma kunoma yiziphi kulezi zimo ezinzima, ujwayele ukuba nezimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besifuba, ukuzwa inhliziyo ishaya ngokushesha, ukulahlekelwa yinkulumo, ukushintsha kokubona, noma ezinye izimpawu ezibucayi.

I-vertigo (ukuzizwa uzungezwa yizinto) ingabangelwa:
- I-benign positional vertigo (ukuzizwa uzungeza okuhambisana nokunyakaza kwekhanda)
- I-labyrinthitis (ukuvuvukala kwendlebe yangaphakathi ngenxa yegciwane), okujwayele ukwenzeka emva kwesikhwenkhwe noma umkhuhlane
- Isifo sikaMeniere (inkinga ejwayelekile yendlebe yangaphakathi eholela ekuzizweni uzungezwa)

Ezinye izizathu zokuzizwa unesiyezi noma i-vertigo zingabandakanya:
- Ukusebenzisa imithi ethile
- Ukuphazamiseka kokuhamba kwegazi ebuchosheni (i-stroke)
- I-multiple sclerosis (isifo esiphazamisa ukusebenza kwemizwa)
- Ukuqhuma kwezindlala
- Isibhoko sobuchopho
- Ukopha ebuchosheni


Ngibe nohudo olubi kakhulu ngempelasonto, ngase ngicabanga ngendlela umama wami ayesebenzisa ngayo umuthi wepaRegoric. Ngaya esitolo semithi ukuyothenga, kodwa wathi abasayithengisi nhlobo. NGICELA USIZO!

Emacaleni amaningi oshudugeki, ukwelashwa okudingekayo kuphela ukubuyisela amanzi nama-electrolyte alahlekile ukuvikela ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Imithi etholakala ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela njenge-loperamide (Imodium) ne-bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol neKaopectate) ingasiza ukumisa ushudugeki kubantu abadala. Kodwa-ke, abantu abanobudayela obunegazi—uphawu lokutheleleka ngamagciwane abaktheria noma izibungu—akufanele basebenzise le mithi. Uma ushudugeki ubangelwa amagciwane noma izibungu, imithi etholakala ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela ingaqhubezela inkinga, ngakho-ke odokotela bajwayele ukunikeza ama-antibiotics esikhundleni sayo. Imithi yokwelapha ushudugeki kubantu abadala ingaba yingozi ezinsaneni nasezinganeni futhi kufanele inikezwe kuphela ngokuqondiswa ngudokotela.


Ngingangena yini ebhavini, echwebeni noma ngigeze ngigqoke iplasta elinolidocaine? Uma kungenjalo, ngingalisusa yini iplasta (amabili noma amathathu), bese ngifaka elisha endaweni ehlukile ngesikhathi esisele sehora ezingu-12 "sokusetshenziswa"?

I-Lidocaine iza njengephalasti (iphalasthi) elibhekwa esikhumbaneni. Lisetshenziswa kanye ngosuku kuphela uma kudingeka kwehlise ubuhlungu. Landela imiyalelo etholakala kwilabeli yomuthi wakho ngokucophelela, futhi ucele udokotela wakho noma umkhiqizi wemithi ukuthi achaze noma yiliphi ingxenye ongayiqondi. Sebenzisa amaphalasti e-lidocaine ngendlela eshiwo ngqo. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi ungasebenzisa amaphalasti amangaki e-lidocaine ngesikhathi esisodwa nokuthi ungawagcina isikhathi esingakanani. Ungafaki amaphalasti angaphezu kwesithathu ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi ungawagcini amaphalasti isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora angu-12 ngosuku. Ukusebenzisa amaphalasti amaningi kakhulu noma ukuwagcina isikhathi eside kakhulu kungabanga imiphumela emibi. Ukufaka amaphalasti, landela lezi zinyathelo: Buka isikhumba ozofaka kuso iphalasti le-lidocaine. Uma isikhumba siqhephuke, sinezilonda noma sivuvukele, ungafaki iphalasti kuleso ndawo. Sebenzisa isikelo ukususa isivalo sangaphandle esipaketheni. Bese uvula isivalo esivalekayo. Khipha amaphalasti afinyelela kwesithathu epaketheni bese uvala kahle isivalo esivalekayo. Amaphalasti asele angoma uma isivalo esivalekayo singavalwanga ngokugcwele. Sika amaphalasti ukuze alingane nendawo ebuhlungu kakhulu. Khipha iphepha elingemuva elikhanyayo kwephalasti. Cindezela iphalasti ngokuqinile esikhumbaneni sakho. Uma ufaka iphalasti ebusweni bakho, qaphela ukuthi lingathinti amehlo akho. Uma uthola i-lidocaine ehlela emehlweni akho, wageze ngamanzi amaningi noma ngesiluphambana samanzi nesawoti. Geza izandla zakho ngemuva kokuphatha amaphalasti e-lidocaine. Ungaphindi usebenzise amaphalasti e-lidocaine. Ngemuva kokusebenzisa iphalasti, likhiphe bese ulilahlela kude nezingane nezilwane zasekhaya. Amaphalasti asetshenziswayo anomuthi owanele ukuba ungalimaza kakhulu ingane noma isilwane sasekhaya - qaphela kakhulu!


Ngicela ulwazi ngalomuthi - BUPROPION 100MG, nokuthi usetshenziswa kanjani nokuthi yimiphi imiphumela engemihle yalomuthi.

Ulwazi olufakwe ngaphansi kwesigatshana sezinga lokwenzeka ezillingweni ezilawulwayo se-IMIPHUMELA EMIBI lusekelwe ikakhulukazi kudatha evela kukulingwa okuhleliwe kwezokwelapha ngamaphilisi e-Bupropion Hydrochloride Extended-Release (SR) (amaphilisi e-bupropion hydrochloride akhululwa kancane). Ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nemiphumela emibi ehambisana nesakhiwo sika-bupropion esikhululwa kancane ezillingweni zokuyeka ukubhema, kanye nesakhiwo sika-bupropion esisheshe sikhululwe, sifakwe esigabeni esahlukile (bheka IMIPHUMELA EMIBI, Eminye Imiphumela Eboniwe Ngesikhathi Sokuthuthukiswa Kwezokwelapha kanye Nolwazi Olutholakale Emva Kokukhishwa Kwezimakethe ze-Bupropion).

Izinga Lokwenzeka Ezillingweni Ezilawulwayo Ngamaphilisi e-Bupropion Hydrochloride Extended-Release (SR)

Imiphumela Emibi Ehambisana Nokuyeka Ukwelashwa Phakathi Kweziguli Ezilashwa Ngamaphilisi e-Bupropion Hydrochloride Extended-Release (SR)

Ezillingweni ezilawulwa ngeplasebo, iziguli eziyisishiyagalolunye ekhulwini kanye neziyishumi nanye ekhulwini ezilashwa nge-300 mg/usuku kanye ne-400 mg/usuku, ngokulandelana, yamaphilisi e-bupropion hydrochloride extended-release (SR) kanye nezine ekhulwini zeziguli ezilashwa ngeplasebo zayeka ukwelashwa ngenxa yemiphumela emibi. Imiphumela emibi ethile kulezi zilingo eyaholela ekuyekeni okungenani ezigulini eziyisikhombisa ekhulwini ezilashwa noma nge-300 mg/usuku noma nge-400 mg/usuku yamaphilisi e-bupropion hydrochloride extended-release (SR) kanye nezinga elingaphezu kwesibili leplasebo ibhalwe kuThebula lesine.

Imiphumela Emibi Evela Ngezinga Eliyisikhombisa Ekhulwini Noma Ngaphezulu Phakathi Kweziguli Ezilashwa Ngamaphilisi e-Bupropion Hydrochloride Extended-Release (SR)

IThebula lesihlanu libala imiphumela emibi evela ngesikhathi sokwelashwa eyenzeka phakathi kweziguli ezilashwa nge-300 mg/usuku kanye ne-400 mg/usuku yamaphilisi e-bupropion hydrochloride extended-release (SR) kanye neplasebo ezillingweni ezilawulwa ngeplasebo. Imiphumela eyenzeka noma eqenjini le-300-mg/usuku noma le-400-mg/usuku ngezinga eliyisikhombisa ekhulwini noma ngaphezulu futhi eyayivame kakhulu kunasesigabeni seplasebo ifakiwe. Imiphumela emibi ebikwayo yahlukaniswa kusetshenziswa isichazamazwi esisekelwe ku-COSTART (uhlu lwezigaba zokuhlelwa kwemiphumela emibi).

Izilinganiso eziqondile zezinga lemiphumela emibi ehambisana nokusetshenziswa kwanoma yimuphi umuthi kunzima ukuyithola. Izilinganiso zithintwa yidozi yomuthi, indlela yokubona, indawo, izinqumo zezokwelapha, nokunye. Izibalo ezicashunwe azikwazi ukusetshenziswa ukubikezela ngokuqondile izinga lemiphumela engalindelekile ekuhambeni kwenkambiso ejwayelekile yezokwelapha lapho izici zesiguli nezinye izinto zihluke kulezo ezazizinzile ezillingweni zezokwelapha. Lezi zibalo zezinga futhi azikwazi ukuqhathaniswa nalezo ezitholakale kwezinye izifundo zezokwelapha ezibandakanya imikhiqizo yemithi ehlobene njengoba iqembu ngalinye lezilingo zemithi lenziwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezahlukene.

Okokugcina, kubalulekile ukugcizelela ukuthi lolu hlu alubonisi ubunzima obuhlobene kanye/noma ukubaluleka kwezokwelapha kwemiphumela. Umbono ongcono wemiphumela emibi enzima ehambisana nokusetshenziswa kwamaphilisi e-bupropion hydrochloride extended-release (SR) unikezwe ezigabeni zama-IZEXWAYISO nama-IZIQAPHELO.

Izinga Lemiphumela Emibi Evame Ukubonwa Ezillingweni Ezilawulwayo Zezokwelapha

Imiphumela emibi evela kuThebula lesihlanu eyenzeka okungenani ezigulini ezinhlanu ekhulwini ezilashwa ngamaphilisi e-bupropion hydrochloride extended-release (SR) kanye nezinga elingaphezu kwesibili leplasebo ibhalwe ngezansi yamaqembu edozi ye-300-mg/usuku kanye ne-400-mg/usuku.

Amaphilisi e-Bupropion Hydrochloride Extended-Release (SR) 300 mg/usuku: Ukungadli, umlomo owomile, ukuqubuka, ukujuluka, umsindo ezindlebeni kanye nokuthuthumela.

Amaphilisi e-Bupropion Hydrochloride Extended-Release (SR) 400 mg/usuku: Ubuhlungu besisu, ukuphaphazela, ukwesaba, isiyezi, umlomo owomile, ukungalali, ubuhlungu bezicubu, isicabucabu, ukushaya kwenhliziyo ngamandla, ukuvuvukala komphimbo, ukujuluka, umsindo ezindlebeni kanye nokuchama njalo.

Eminye Imiphumela Eboniwe Ngesikhathi Sokuthuthukiswa Kwezokwelapha kanye Nolwazi Olutholakale Emva Kokukhishwa Kwezimakethe ze-Bupropion

Ngaphezu kwemiphumela emibi eshiwo ngenhla, le miphumela elandelayo ibikwe ezillingweni zezokwelapha kanye nolwazi olutholakale emva kokukhishwa kwezimakethe ngesakhiwo sika-bupropion esikhululwa kancane (SR) ezigulini ezinokudangala kanye nababhemi abangenakho ukudangala, kanye nasezillingweni zezokwelapha kanye nolwazi lwezokwelapha olutholakale emva kokukhishwa kwezimakethe ngesakhiwo sika-bupropion esisheshe sikhululwe.

Imiphumela emibi okuthi izinga layo linikezwe ngezansi yenzeka ezillingweni zezokwelapha ngesakhiwo sika-bupropion esikhululwa kancane (SR). Amazinga amele isabelo seziguli ezaba nemiphumela emibi evela ngesikhathi sokwelashwa okungenani kanye ezillingweni ezilawulwa ngeplasebo zokudangala (iziguli ezingama-987) noma ukuyeka ukubhema (iziguli eziyinkulungwane namashumi amabili nantathu) noma iziguli ezaba nomthelela omubi odinga ukuyeka ukwelashwa esifundweni sokuqapha esivulekile ngamaphilisi e-bupropion hydrochloride extended-release (SR) (iziguli ezinkulungwane ezintathu nekhulu). Yonke imiphumela emibi evela ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ifakiwe ngaphandle kwalowo obhalwe kumaThebula amabili kuya kwamahlanu, leyo miphumela ebhalwe kwezinye izigaba eziphathelene nokuphepha, leyo miphumela emibi engaphansi kwemigomo ye-COSTART eyinhloko kakhulu noma eqondile kakhulu ngendlela yokuthi ayinalo ulwazi, leyo miphumela engahlobene ngokufanele nokusetshenziswa komuthi kanye naleyo miphumela eyayingenzeki kakhulu futhi yenzeka ezigulini ezingaphansi kwezimbili. Imiphumela ebalulekile kakhulu ngokwezokwelapha ichazwe ezigabeni zama-IZEXWAYISO nama-IZIQAPHELO zelebuli.

Imiphumela ihlukaniswe ngokwezigaba zomzimba futhi ibhalwe ngokulandelana kokwehla kwezinga ngokwezincazelo zokuvama ezilandelayo: Imiphumela emibi evamile ichazwa njengaleyo eyenzeka okungenani kuyisiguli esisodwa kweziyikhulu. Imiphumela emibi engavamile yileyo eyenzeka kuyisiguli esisodwa kweziyikhulu kuya kwesisodwa kweziyinkulungwane yeziguli, kanti imiphumela eyingcosana yileyo eyenzeka kwezingaphansi kwesisodwa kweziyinkulungwane yeziguli.

Imiphumela emibi okuthi amazinga ayo anganikezwanga yenzeka ezillingweni zezokwelapha noma olwazini olutholakale emva kokukhishwa kwezimakethe ze-bupropion. Kufakwe kuphela leyo miphumela emibi engabhalwanga ngaphambili ye-bupropion esikhululwa kancane (SR). Izinga lokuthi le miphumela ingahlobana kanjani namaphilisi e-bupropion hydrochloride extended-release (SR) alwaziwa.

Umzimba (Jikelele): Okungavamile kwakungamaqhuqhuva, ukuvuvuka kobuso, ubuhlungu besifuba sezicubu zomzimba kanye nokukhathazeka yimisebe yelanga. Okungajwayelekile kwakuwukuphela amandla. Kuphinde kwabonakala ubuhlungu bamalunga, ubuhlungu bezicubu kanye nomkhuhlane onombala kanye nezinye izimpawu ezisho ukuzwela okuhleliwe. Lezi zimpawu zingafana nesifo segazi (bheka IZIQAPHELO).

Inhliziyo Nemithambo: Okungavamile kwakuwukwehla kwegazi uma umile, ukushaywa yistrokhi, ukushaya kakhulu kwenhliziyo kanye nokuvuleka kwemithambo. Okungajwayelekile kwakuwukuphelelwa ngamandla. Kuphinde kwabonakala ukuvimba okuphelele kwe-atrioventricular, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, ukwehla kwegazi, ukwenyuka kwegazi (kwezinye izimo kubi kakhulu, bheka IZIQAPHELO), ukufa kwengxenye yenhliziyo, ukuvuvuka kwemithambo kanye nokuvimba kwemithambo yegazi ephashini.

Ukugaya: Okungavamile kwakuwukusebenza okungajwayelekile kwesibindi, ukugedla amazinyo ngesikhathi ulele, ukubuya kwesisu, ukuvuvuka kwezinsini, ukuvuvuka kolimi, ukwanda kwamathe, i-jaundice, izilonda zomlomo, ukuvuvuka komlomo kanye nokoma. Okungajwayelekile kwakuwukuvuvuka kolimi. Kuphinde kwabonakala ukuvuvuka kwamathunjana amancane, ukuvuvuka kwesiphundu, ukopha kwesisu, ukopha kwezinsini, ukuvuvuka kwesibindi, ukubhodloka kwemithambo yesisu, ukulimala kwesibindi, ukuvuvuka kwenkaba kanye nesilonda sesisu.

Izindlala: Kuphinde kwabonakala ukwenyuka kwezinga likashukela, ukwehla kwezinga likashukela kanye nenkinga yehomoni engafanele ye-antidiuretic.

Igazi Namalunga Omzimba: Okungavamile kwakuwukuba nombala obomvu ngenxa yokopha ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Kuphinde kwabonakala ukwehla kwegazi elibomvu, ukwanda kwamasosha omzimba, ukwehla kwamasosha omzimba, ukuvuvuka kwamadlala, ukwehla kwamasosha omzimba wonke kanye nokwehla kwamapuleti egazi. Ukushintsha kwesikhathi sokubamba kwegazi kanye/noma izinga lokuhlangana kwegazi, okungavamile okuhambisana nokukopha noma izinkinga zokuvimba kwegazi, kwabonakala lapho i-bupropion iphiwa kanye nemithi yokunciphisa ukubamba kwegazi.

Ukushintsha Kwezakhi Zomzimba Nokondla: Okungavamile kwakuwukuvuvuka kanye nokuvuvuka kwemilenze. Kuphinde kwabonakala ukuba noshukela emchamo.

Izicubu Namathambo: Okungavamile kwakuwukuhlangana kwemilenze. Kuphinde kwabonakala ukuqina kwezicubu/umkhuhlane/ukufa kwezicubu kanye nobuthakathaka bezicubu.

Uhlelo Lwemizwa: Okungavamile kwakuwukungahambisani okungajwayelekile, ukwehla kocansi, ukungaboni ubuwena, ukuzizwa kabi, ukushintshashintsha kwemizwa, inzondo, ukushukuma ngokweqile, ukuqina kakhulu kwezicubu, ukwehla kwemizwa, imicabango yokuzibulala kanye nokuzizwa ujikelezwa yikhanda. Okungajwayelekile kwakuwukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, ukungakwazi ukuhamba kahle, ukungakholwa yizimo eziyiqiniso kanye nokuzizwa ujabule kakhulu ngokweqile. Kuphinde kwabonakala ukuhlolwa kwemisebenzi yobuchopho okungajwayelekile, ukwehluleka ukushukuma, ukuhlasela, ukungakwazi ukukhuluma, ukoma, ukuzibulala okuphelele, ukudideka, ukukhohliseka, ukungakhulumi kahle, ukushukuma okungalawuleki, ukuqina okungajwayelekile kwezicubu, ukuzizwa ujabule kakhulu, izimpawu ezingajwayelekile zokushukuma, ukubona izinto ezingekho, ukwehluleka ukushukuma, ukwenyuka kocansi, ukuphenduka ngokwengqondo, ubuhlungu bemizwa, ukugula kwemizwa, imicabango yokusola, ukungahlali ndawonye, ukuzama ukuzibulala kanye nokuvela kokushukuma okungalawuleki.

Ukuphefumula: Okungajwayelekile kwakuwukuhefuzela. Kuphinde kwabonakala isifo samaphaphu.

Isikhumba: Okungajwayelekile kwakuwukuqubuka okubomvu. Kuphinde kwabonakala ukuwa kwezinwele, ukuvuvuka kwesikhumba, ukubhibha kwesikhumba kanye nokumila kwezinwele ezindaweni ezingajwayelekile.

Imizwa Ekhethekile: Okungavamile kwakuwukungalungisi kahle nokoma kwamehlo. Kuphinde kwabonakala ukungezwa, ukubona okubili, ukwenyuka kwengcindezi yeso kanye nokuvuleka kakhulu kwamehlo.

Izitho Zangasese: Okungavamile kwakuwukungakwazi ukuvuka kwesitho sowesilisa, ukuchama okuningi kanye nenkinga yesitho sangasese sowesilisa. Kuphinde kwabonakala ukuphuma kwembewu okungajwayelekile, ukuvuvuka kwesidleke somchamo, ubuhlungu ngesikhathi socansi, ubuhlungu uma uchama, ukukhula kwamabele kubesilisa, ukuphela kwesikhathi sokuyakwenyanga, ukuvuka kwesitho sowesilisa okubuhlungu, ukuvuvuka kwesibeletho, ukungakwazi ukubamba umchamo, ukubambeka komchamo kanye nokuvuvuka kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane.


Nginomlando wezilopu zepeptic, ngakho-ke angithathi i-aspirin noma yini equkethe yona. Nokho, ngisezwa ubuhlungu obubangelwa izilopu uma ngithatha i-Tylenol, ikakhulukazi ngosuku lwesibili lokuyisebenzisa ngezinga elinqunyiwe. Yingani kunjalo?

Isexwayiso ngesibindi (liver warning): Lo mkhiqizo uqukethe i-acetaminophen (paracetamol). Umonakalo omkhulu wesibindi ungenzeka uma:
• umuntu omdala ethatha amaphilisi angaphezu kwe-12 emahoreni angu-24, okuyinani eliphezulu ngosuku
• ingane ithatha amadozi angaphezu kuka-5 emahoreni angu-24, okuyinani eliphezulu ngosuku
• uthathwa nezinye izidakamizwa eziqukethe i-acetaminophen
• umuntu omdala uphuza iziphuzo okungenani ezintathu ezidakayo nsuku zonke ngenkathi esebenzisa lo mkhiqizo.

Ungasebenzisi:
• nanoma yimuphi omunye umuthi oqukethe i-acetaminophen (owokwelashwa noma ongenawo). Uma ungaqinisekile ukuthi umuthi uqukethe i-acetaminophen, buza udokotela noma usokhemisi.
• uma unokuzwela ku-acetaminophen noma nayiphi inhlanganisela engasebenzi kulo mkhiqizo

Yeka ukusebenzisa bese ucela udokotela uma:
• ubuhlungu buya bubi noma buqhubeka ngaphezu kwezinsuku eziyi-10 kubantu abadala
• ubuhlungu buya bubi noma buqhubeka ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezingu-5 ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-12
• umkhuhlane uya uba mubi noma uqhubeka ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezintathu
• kuvela izimpawu ezintsha
• kubonakala ukubomvu noma ukuvuvukala

Lezi zingaba yizimpawu zesimo esibucayi kakhulu.

Uma ukhulelwe noma uncelisa, buza uchwepheshe wezempilo ngaphambi kokusebenzisa.

Gcina kude nezingane.

Buza udokotela ngaphambi kokusebenzisa uma umsebenzisi enesifo sesibindi.

Buza udokotela noma usokhemisi ngaphambi kokusebenzisa uma umsebenzisi ethatha umuthi wokunciphisa igazi (blood thinning drug) i-warfarin.


Eminyakeni engu-12 edlule, ngilumwe isikhunta ngenkathi ngizingela impofu. Indawo engilumeke kuyo yayinendilinga njengoba kuchazwe ezimpawini zesifo se-Lyme (isifo esibangwa ukululumwa yisikhunta). Ngelashwa ngama-antibiotics; kodwa-ke, kusukela ngaleso sikhathi nginezimpawu eziningi ezishiwo zesifo se-Lyme. Futhi, ngokuvamile ngaphambi, nangesikhathi salezi zimpawu, kuvela isicubu esibomvu-nsomi endaweni engilumeke kuyo emsimelweni. Ngicela ungichazele kabanzi ngesimo sami sempilo?

Ukuhlolwa kwesifo sika-Lyme kusetshenziswa ukuthola ukuthi umuntu onezimpawu ezithile usuke esuleleke yi-Borrelia burgdorferi. Uma udokotela esola ukuthi kunokutheleleka okusanda kwenzeka, angase ayalele kokubili ukuhlolwa kwegazi le-IgM (i-antibody ethile) ne-IgG (enye i-antibody). Uma lokhu kungenayo imiphumela kodwa izimpawu ziqhubeka, ukuhlolwa kungase kuphindwe emva kwamaviki ambalwa... Isifo sika-Lyme singaba lukhuni ukusithola noma ukusiqinisekisa.


Ngabe ama-schwannoma (izimila ezithile emzimbeni) amakhulu, angakwazi ukuhlinzwa angalashwa noma angancishiswa ngokusebenzisa i-chemotherapy noma umshini wokukhanya?

Yelashwa kanjani i-vestibular schwannoma (isimila esikhula endlebeni yangaphakathi)? Njengoba isimila sikhula sikhulu, ukususwa kwaso ngokoqhuba kuba nzima kakhulu ngoba isimila singabe sesilimaze imizwa elawula ukunyakaza kobuso, ukuzwa, nokulinganisa umzimba futhi singabe sesihlasele nezinye izinzwa nezakhiwo zengqondo. Ukususwa kwezimila ezithinta ukuzwa, ukulinganisa umzimba, noma imizwa yobuso kungenza izimpawu zesiguli zibe zimbi kakhulu ngoba izingxenye zalezi zinzwa nazo zingadingeka ukuba zisuswe nesimila. Njengendlela ehlukile kuzindlela zokuhlinza ezijwayelekile, ukuhlinza ngokusetshenziswa kokukhanya (okusho ukuthi, ukwelashwa ngokukhanya—i-"gamma isibhamu" noma umshini we-LINAC) kungasetshenziswa ukunciphisa usayizi noma ukunciphisa ukukhula kwesimila.


Ebusuku, ngiba nokuzwela okubi kakhulu kwesikhumba ezinyaweni. Ingabe lokhu kubangelwa yinoma yimiphi imithi engiyinikiwe?

Isifinyezo: Ukuluma kuwukuzwakala noma ukuhlukumezeka kwesikhumba okukwenza ufune ukuwenqena indawo elumayo. Kuyisimpawu sezimo eziningi zempilo. Imbangela ejwayelekile yilezi:

• Ukuphenduka kwesikhumba emithini ethile
• I-eczema (isifo sesikhumba esibangela ukuluma)
• Isikhumba esomile
• Ukulunywa nokulonywa yizinambuzane
• Amakhemikhali ahlukumezayo
• Izibungu ezifana nama-pinworms, iscabies, izintwala zekhanda nomzimba
• Ukukhulelwa
• Amaqhuqhuva
• Imiphumela emibi yemithi


I-bleach eziloveni zokucambalala? Yebo noma cha? Lapha kufakwa amanzi nendwangu?

(Qaphela: Ukusebenzisa i-bleach eziloveni zokucambalala kungaba yingozi. Sicela uxhumane nochwepheshe wezempilo ngokushesha.)

Manje ososayensi eStanford University School of Medicine, eCalifornia, bacabanga ukuthi ingase ibe nezinye izindlela zokusebenza kwezokwelapha, kufaka phakathi ukwelapha isikhumba esonakele ngenxa yokwelashwa komdlavuza, amanxeba okubangwa ukulala isikhathi eside kanye namanxeba esifo sikashukela.


Ingabe ukuvimbela inzalo okubizwa nge-Ocella kungabanga i-DVT (ukuvimba kwegazi emithanjeni emakhulu)? Indodakazi yami izwa ubuhlungu obufana nokuqaqamba nokuhlabahlaba, ukubomba nokuvuvukala emathangeni ayo. Futhi, iba namahluli amakhulu kakhulu egazi ngesikhathi sokuya enyangeni ngemuva kokuba yayinikiwe i-Ocella ukuvimbela inzalo. Lezi zimpawu zaba zimbi kakhulu ngemuva kokuba esebelethile. Lokhu sekwenzeka unyaka manje. Ingabe kufanele axoxe ngalokhu nodokotela wakhe khona manje, ngokushesha okukhulu?

Ulwazi lwesiguli: Ukuqumba kwemithambo ejulile (DVT) (Ngaphezu Kwezisekelo)

Izimo zokwelapha noma imishanguzo — Ezinye izimo zokwelapha nemishanguzo zandisa amathuba omuntu okuthola igazi eliqumbile:

● Ukukhulelwa
● Ukukhuluphala
● Ukubhema
● Ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo
● I-DVT noma i-PE (ukuvaleka kwemithambo yemiphefumulo) yangaphambilini
● Ubudala obandayo
● Umdlavuza — Eminye imihlaza yandisa izinto egazini ezibangela ukuba igazi liqumbe.
● Izinkinga zezinso, njenge-nephrotic syndrome (isifo sezinso esibangela ukuvuza kweprotheni) (bheka "Ulwazi lwesiguli: I-nephrotic syndrome (Ngaphezu Kwezisekelo)")
● Eminye imishanguzo (isibonelo: amaphilisi okuvimba inzalo, ukwelashwa ngokufakwa kwamahomoni okumela lawo angasekho emzimbeni, i-erythropoietin (umuthi wokwandisa amasosha abomvu egazini), i-tamoxifen (umuthi womdlavuza webele), i-thalidomide (umuthi wokulwa nomdlavuza)).

Ubungozi begazi eliqumbile buphinda bande kubantu abasebenzisa omunye wale mishanguzo, futhi baphinde babheme noma bakhuluphale.


Ingabe i-abscess emazinyweni ingabangela ukuhlasela kwenhliziyo (i-heart attack) yini?

Izimpawu ezingavela ngenxa yesilonda sezinyo

Uma singalashwa, isifo sesilonda sezinyo esithuthukile singagubha umhlathi, okungaholela ekulahlekeni kwamazinyo kanye nokushintsha isimo sobuso ngenxa yamathambo obuso athambile nabuthakathaka. Lokhu kungakubeka engcupheni enkulu yezinye izinkinga zomzimba wonke njengokunyuka kweshukela, ukutheleleka kwegazi (i-septicaemia), izinkinga zokuphefumula, isifo senhliziyo kanye nokutheleleka kwemithambo yegazi nezihambi zegazi.


Ukungaqiniseki Ukungaqiniseki noma ukulahlekelwa uvimbo uma ume noma uhamba kuvame ukuzwakala kanye nesicanucanu nezinye izinhlobo zokuzungelezwa. Imbangela ihlanganisa:

• Izinkinga zendlebe yangaphakathi. Lokhu kungadala imizwa yokuba sengathi uyantanta noma ukungaqiniseki, ikakhulukazi ebumnyameni.

• Izinkinga zokubona. I-cataract, i-macular degeneration, i-glaucoma kanye nokuba buthaka kwamandla okubona (ukwehla kwamandla okubona) kuyizinto ezingabangela ukungaqiniseki.


Ingabe izingane ezisencane ezindadlana zingaba ne-jaundice? Yibuphi ubudala obungaba khona?

Izingane eziningi ezinempilo ziba nomzimba ophuzi (i-jaundice) ngezinsuku zeviki lokuqala zizalwa. Ngokujwayelekile kuyazicisha. Kodwa-ke, ukuba phuzi kungenzeka nganoma yiliphi ibanga lempilo futhi kungaba uphawu lwenkinga. Ukuba phuzi kungenzeka ngenxa yezizathu eziningi, njengokuthi...


Sawubona Dokotela

Ngingowesilisa oneminyaka engu-39, futhi ngibhekene nenkinga yokungasebenzi kahle kwezobulili. Ukuvuka kwesitho sangasese kuhle, kodwa uma sesivukile, emva kwemizuzwana embalwa siyehla sibe njengento engaphili. Ngizwa sengathi sesinciphile isayizi saso. Ngikhathazekile. Ngicela ungeluleke ngomuthi walesi sifo, ngizokubonga kakhulu.

Enkosi
Ozithobayo
Faisal Ramzan
Dubai, United Arab Emirates

UKWELAPHA UKUNGASEBENZI KAHLE KOCANSI KWABESILISA • Mayelana nezimbangela zengqondo zokungasebenzi kahle kocansi, njengezinkinga zobudlelwano, ukwelulekwa, noma ngamunye noma njengabantu ababili, kungasiza. Ukwelashwa kocansi ngomeluleki oqeqeshelwe ukungasebenzi kahle kocansi kungasiza futhi. • Isifo sokudumala noma izinkinga zokwesaba okweqile kungadinga ukwelashwa. • Noma yiziphi izinkinga zomzimba ezingaba nomthelela ekusebenzeni kocansi kufanele zilungiswe. • Uma umuthi uphazamisa ukusebenza kocansi, kungenzeka ukuthi kube nokushintsha noma ukuyeka umuthi. • Imithi yokuhlela engalapha ukungaqini kwesitho sowesilisa (i-erectile dysfunction) ingasiza indoda ukuthi iqinise futhi igcine isitho sowesilisa siqinile. • Ukwelashwa ngamahomoni, njengokufakwa kwe-testosterone (ihomoni yesilisa), kungasiza ngokungalingani kwamahomoni okubanga ukungasebenzi kahle kocansi.


Mnumzane Othandekayo,

Indodakazi yami eneminyaka emi-4 izalwe inenkinga enzima yokungezwa ngezindlebe zombili. Siyinikeza ukuzama njalo izinsiza zokuzwa kanye nokwelashwa kokukhuluma nolimi. Ayikhombisi ukusabela. UDokotela usiphakamisele ukufakelwa isixhasi sokuzwa esifakwa ngaphakathi endlebeni (i-cochlear implant). Ngicela unginike iseluleko.

Izingane kanye nabantu abadala bangaba ngabafanele ukuba nemishini yokuzwa ecoshwe endlebeni. Abantu abafanele le mishini bangase bazalwe beyizithulu noma babe yizithulu emva kokufunda ukukhuluma. Izingane ezincane kuneminyaka eyodwa manje ziyafaneleka ukuba zithole lobu buthi bokuhlinzwa. Yize izimiso zingafani kancane kubantu abadala nezingane, zisekelwe emithethweni efanayo: Umuntu kumele abe yisithulu ngokuphelele noma cishe ngokuphelele ezindlebeni zombili ngokuphelele, futhi bangatholi cishe lutho ngokuthuthuka ngokusebenzisa izinsiza zokuzwa. Noma ubani okwazi ukuzwa kahle ngokwanele ngezinsiza zokuzwa akafanelekile ukuba nemishini yokuzwa ecoshwe endlebeni.


Mnumzane/Nkosazana othandekayo,

Ngibhala kuwe egameni likaNkosikazi Saavedra, onengcindezi enkulu futhi enemicabango eminingi, efuna USIZO ngendodakazi yakhe uMariagracia. UMariagracia unesifo senhliziyo esibucayi esibizwa ngokuthi i-Tetralogy of Fallot (isifo esibandakanya izinkinga ezine enhliziyweni), uneminyaka ecishe ibe yisikhombisa ubudala futhi umndeni wakhe awunayo imali yokumbhekela ukuze athole ukwelashwa okufanele. UNkosikazi Saavedra uhola imali encane kakhulu, uhlala endlini eqashiwe nomyeni wakhe nezingane zakhe ezimbili, eLima - Peru. Usebenza esibhedlela sikazwelonke iCayetano Heredia futhi ubelokhu ethatha indodakazi yakhe ayise esibhedlela sezingane eLima kodwa akakwazi ukukhokhela imithi nokwelashwa abakucelayo, ufuna usizo ngokushesha okukhulu ngendodakazi yakhe.

Bengimangala ukuthi ngabe nina ninalo yini oxhumana naye lapha eLima wenhlangano engasiza uNkosikazi Saavedra. Bengilokhu ngifuna kodwa angitholanga lutho noma abangiphendulanga uma ngibabuza. Uma ngabe niyazi nganoma iyiphi inhlangano engasiza lapha eLima Peru, ngingajabula kakhulu futhi singasiza ukunika uMariagracia impilo engcono :-)

Ngingumsebenzi wezempilo nokunakekelwa komphakathi (Health and Social Care Worker) futhi ngisebenza esibhedlela nabasebenzi. Ngiyabonga kakhulu ngesikhathi sakho

Karina Montes

kmontes44242@hotmail.com

Medlife USA: Ikheli le-imeyili: info@medlifeweb.org  Ucingo: (USA) 1-844-MEDLIFE 1-844-633-5433  Amahora ehhovisi: 9 Ekuseni - 5 Ntambama (isikhathi saseMelika esimaphakathi)  Ifekisi: 207-433-5304


Ngabe unolwazi olwengeziwe ngaleso sibhuda esikhulonywe ngaso? Ingabe ukususwa kwaleso sibhuda esikhulonywe ngaso kuyinto enzima noma eyinkimbinkimbi?

Iyelashwa kanjani i-vestibular schwannoma (isimila esikhula esiphundu)?


Sawubona Dkt. othandekayo, ngingumfundi wase-Afghanistan eNyuvesi yase-UKM eMalaysia. Amasilonda emlonyeni inkinga embi kakhulu empilweni yami, ngisho kathathu noma kane amasilonda akhula emlonyeni ngenyanga. Ngingakwazi ukudla noma ukuphuza, kodwa noma ngilunakekela umlomo wami nsuku zonke. Ngakho ngifisa ukuthi ungicebise mayelana nokususa la masilonda unomphela. Ngiyabonga kakhulu.

Izilonda zomlomo azibosheleki. Zingenzeka uma unesifo segciwane. Zingaphinde zibangwe ukucindezeleka, ukungavumelani nokudla, ukuswela amavithamini nezakhamzimba, ukushintsha kwamahormone noma isikhathi sokuya enyangeni. Kwezinye izimo imbangela ayaziwa. Ezimweni eziningi, izilonda zomlomo ziyaziphola ngokwazo. Ezinye izigcobo, amakhilimu noma izigeziso zomlomo zingasiza ekwephuleni ubuhlungu. Ukugwema ukudla okushisayo nokushubile ngesikhathi unezilonda zomlomo nako kuyasiza.


Sawubona, ngingathanda ukuthola ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana ne-Familial Mediterranean Fever (isifo somndeni sasemazweni aseMediterranean) ngicela, njengoba umyeni wami ephathwa yilesi sifo. Ngiyabonga.

Yini ifamilial Mediterranean fever? Ifamilial Mediterranean fever yisifo esidluliselwa ngokuzalwa esichazwa ngokuvela kabusha kokuvuvukala okubuhlungu esiswini, esifubeni, noma emazombeni. Lezi zikhathi zivame ukuhambisana nomkhuhlane futhi kwesinye isikhathi ukuqubuka kwesikhumba noma ubuhlungu bekhanda. Ngesinye isikhathi ukuvuvukala kungenzeka kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, njengenhliziyo; isikhwama esizungeze ubuchopho nomgogodla; nakubantu besilisa, amasende.

Cishe kungxenye yabantu abathintekile, ukuhlasela kuqalwa yizimpawu ezincane ezibizwa ngokuthi i-prodrome (izimpawu ezandulela isifo). Lezi zimpawu zihlanganisa ukungaphatheki kahle okuncane endaweni ezovuvukala kamuva, noma imizwa ejwayelekile yokungaphatheki kahle.

Isigameko sokuqala sokugula kwifamilial Mediterranean fever sivame ukwenzeka ebunganeni noma eminyakeni yobusha, kodwa kwezinye izimo, ukuhlasela kokuqala kwenzeka kamuva kakhulu empilweni. Ngokuvamile, izikhathi zithatha amahora angu-12 kuya ku-72 futhi zingahluka ngokubaluleka. Isikhathi phakathi kokuhlasela siyahluka futhi singasuka ezinsukwini kuya eminyakeni.

Ngalezi zikhathi, abantu abathintekile ngokuvamile abanazimpawu ezihlobene nalesi simo. Kodwa, uma kungalashwa ukuvimbela ukuhlasela nezinkinga, kungenzeka ukwakheka kwamadiphozithi eprotheni (i-amyloidosis - ukuqoqana kwamaphrotheni angenampilo) ezithweni nasemathishwini omzimba. Lokhu kwenzeka ikakhulukazi ezinsweni, okungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwazo ukusebenza.


Sawubona, igama lami ngingu-Pa Xiong futhi ngingumfundi eSikoleni Esiphakeme sase-Grant lapha e-Sacramento. Ngibhala umbiko wocwaningo nge-SIDS (Ukufa Okungalindelekile Kwezinsana) futhi bengethemba ukuthi ungangisiza ngeminye imininingwane. Benginentshisekelo ikakhulukazi ekufundeni ukuthi ngabe abazali kufanele bakhathazeke ngokufa kwezingane emibhedeni yezinsana nokuthi ungangiqondisa kwimithombo ethile ngalokho, noma uze ungivumele ukukubuza imibuzo. Ngiyabonga ngesikhathi sakho. Uma unokuthile okunye okungangisiza, ngingakuthokozela kakhulu. Ungangithumelela i-imeyili ku-Pa_xiong25@yahoo.com noma ungithinte ngocingo lami ku-(916)297-1911. Ngiyabonga futhi. Ngiyathemba ukuzwa kuwe maduze.

Isifinyezo   I-Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) noma Isifo sokushona ngokuzuma kwengane ukufa okungalindelekile, okungachazekile komntwana ongaphansi konyaka ubudala. Abanye abantu babiza i-SIDS ngokuthi "ukufa embhedeni wengane" ngoba abantwana abaningi abafa ngenxa ye-SIDS batholakala emibhedeni yabo yezingane. I-SIDS iyimbangela enkulu yokufa kuzingane eziphakathi kwenyanga eyodwa nonyaka ubudala. Ukufa kwe-SIDS okuningi kwenzeka lapho abantwana bephakathi kwezinyanga ezimbili nezine ubudala. Abantwana abazalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi, abafana, abaMnyama baseAfrika, kanye nezingane zabaMelika abangama-Indian/Alaska Native banengozi enkulu ye-SIDS.  Yize ochwepheshe bezempilo bengazi ukuthi yini ebangela i-SIDS, bayazi izindlela zokunciphisa ingozi. Lezi zifaka:  - Ukubeka abantwana ngemhlane uma belala, ngisho nangezikhathi zokuphumula ezimfushane. "Isikhathi sokudlala ngesisu phansi" sifanele uma abantwana bevukile futhi kukhona obaqaphelayo.  - Ukusebenzisa indawo yokulala eqinile, njengomathilasi wesibungu onambeshelwe ngeshidi elinamathela.  - Ukugcina izinto ezithambile nezingubo kude nendawo yokulala.  - Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi abantwana abashisi kakhulu. Gcina igumbi likulona izinga lokushisa elifanele umuntu omdala.  - Ungabhemi nhlobo ngesikhathi ukhulelwe noma uvumele noma ubani ukuthi abheme eduze komntwana wakho.


Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi isizathu sokuthi isitho sami sangasese singakhulanga safika kubude obujwayelekile besitho sangasese samadoda kwakungenca ye-IHH? Futhi ngingaluthola kanjani ukwelashwa nge-hCG? Ngingayithola kuphi imijovo yalolu hlobo?

Ukwelashwa nge-hCG kwandisa izinga le-testosterone esegazini, ubude besitho sangasese, kanye nobukhulu noma isisindo samasende ezigulini ezine-IHH (isifo esibanga ukungasebenzi kahle kwezitho zokuzala). Imiphumela yethu iphakamisa ukuthi ukwelashwa nge-hCG kunomthelela omuhle ekusebenzeni kwezitho zokuzala kanye nokukhula kwesitho sangasese ezigulini ezine-IHH ezivela nomsindo omncane kakhulu.


SENGINESIFO SIKA-PARKINSON IMINYAKA EYISISHIYAGALOMBILI EDLULE. KUZE KUBE MANJE BEKUNGUKUZAMAZAMA OKUNCANE KWESANDLA SAMI SOKUDLA KUPHELA. MANJE SEKUYANDA KAKHULU. NGINEMINYAKA ENGU-84, FUTHI NGINESIFO SESIKHUMBA. NGIYESABA UKWANDISA UMTHAMO WEMITHI, NJENGOBA KUBONAKALA SENGATHI KUNGABA NOMTHELELA ESIFWENI SESIKHUMBA. NGICELA UNGELULEKE NGANOMA YIKUPHI UKUNAKEKELA OKUDINGEKAYO. NGINGABONGA KAKHULU NGESELULEKO SAKHO ESIHLE. NGIYABONGA.

Kufanele wazi ukuthi abantu abane-Parkinson's disease (isifo sokuqhaqhazela) banethuba elikhulu lokuba ne-melanoma (uhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba olubucayi) kunalabo abangenayo i-Parkinson's disease. Akwaziwa ukuthi leli thuba elikhulu libangelwa yi-Parkinson's disease, imithi esetshenziselwa i-Parkinson's disease njenge-rasagiline, noma ezinye izinto. Kufanele uvakashele udokotela wesikhumba (i-dermatologist) njalo ngenyanga noma njalo ngekota ukuze ahlole isikhumba sakho ngokwe-melanoma.


BENGUMUNTU OPHUZA NGOKWEQILE IMINYAKA EMININGI FUTHI NGIBA NOBUNZIMA EKUHAMBENI FUTHI NGIPHUZA I-THIAMIN 100mg KANYE NE-VITAMIN B EHLANGANISIWE EQINILE KANYE NE-SENNA NGAKHO NGAPHANDLE KWALOKHU YINI ENYE ENGINGAYITHATHA ???

Noma kungaba nzima kangakanani inkinga, abantu abaningi abanenkinga yokuphuza utshwala ngokweqile (i-AUD) bangasizakala ngokuthola usizo. Ngeshwa, yingxenye encane kakhulu yabantu abangasizakala ngokwelashwa abathola usizo. Ngonyaka wezi-2012, isibonelo, abantu abadala abayizigidi eziyi-1,4 bathole usizo lwenkinga yokuphuza utshwala ngokweqile (i-AUD) ezikhungweni eziqeqeshiwe zokwelashwa izidakamizwa (okungamaphesenti angu-8,4 abantu abadala abadinga usizo). Lokhu kubandakanya abesifazane abayizi-416 000 (okungamaphesenti angu-7,3 abesifazane abadinga usizo) kanye nabesilisa abayizigidi eziyi-1,0 (okungamaphesenti angu-8,9 abesilisa abadinga usizo). Ekugcineni, ukuthola ukwelashwa kungathuthukisa amathuba omuntu ukuba aphumelele ekunqobeni inkinga yokuphuza utshwala ngokweqile (i-AUD). Xoxa nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole indlela engcono kakhulu yokwenza lokhu, futhi bona "Ukucabanga Kabusha Ngokuphuza" ("Rethinking Drinking") kanye ne-"Ukwelashwa Kwezinkinga Zotshwala: Ukuthola Nokuthola Usizo" ("Treatment for Alcohol Problems: Finding and Getting Help") ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.


Ngilangazelela izici zofuzo ezicacile ezingase zithinte ubungozi bokuthola isifo somdlavuza wesikhumba kubantu abadala abanebala elimhlophe.

Isifo somdlavuza sivame ukubangelwa ukuxubana kwezinto ezisemoyeni kanye nezinto ezithathwa ngokuzalwa. Kumdlavuza wesikhumba, izinto ezisemoyeni zidlala indima enkulu. Kodwa abantu bangazalwa benokuthatha isifo somdlavuza noma ukubuthaka okubenza baluthole kalula.

Ubungozi bukhulu kakhulu kubantu abanesikhumba esimhlophe esisheshe sibe namabala. Ngokuvamile labo abanezinwele ezibomvu noma ezimhlophe kanye namehlo aluhlaza noma amhlophe. Nakuba kunjalo, noma ubani angathola umdlavuza wesikhumba.

Umdlavuza wesikhumba uhlobene nokuvela kakhulu emisebeni ye-ultraviolet (UV) ngempilo yonke. Ngakho-ke umdlavuza wesikhumba omningi uvela emva kweminyaka engama-50. Kodwa-ke, imithelela emibi yelanga iqala kusekwangeni.

Abantu abahlala ezindaweni ezithola amazinga aphezulu emikhanya ye-UV evela elangeni banesiphukuphuku esiphezulu sokuthola umdlavuza wesikhumba. Isibonelo, amazinga aphezulu kakhulu omdlavuza wesikhumba atholakala eNingizimu Afrika nase-Australia, izindawo ezithola amazinga aphezulu emikhanya ye-UV.

Cishe amaphesenti ayi-10 abo bonke iziguli ezine-melanoma (uhlobo oluthile lomdlavuza wesikhumba) zinamalungu omndeni aseke athola lesi sifo nabo. Ucwaningo luphakamisa ukuthi ukuguquka kwegene i-CDKN2 (igene elilawula ukukhula kwamaseli) ekromosomini 9 kudlala indima kule nhlobo ye-melanoma. Izifundo ziphinde zaveza amagene akromosomini 1 kanye ne-12 ezigameni ze-melanoma yomndeni.


Ngifuna uhlobo lukadokotela ogxile ekwelapheni ukuqaqamba kwemisipha emilenzeni kubantu abadala. Ikakhulukazi, mhlawumbe lowo onikeza ukwelashwa kwezinkinga zokuhamba kwegazi emilenzeni. Yiluphi uhlobo lobuchwepheshe bezokwelapha olubizwa ngalo lolu?

Mayelana Nobuchwepheshe Bokwelapha Kwe-Osteopathic  Odokotela be-osteopathic, noma oDO (Doctors of Osteopathic Medicine), bagunyazwe ngokugcwele ukuchaza imithi nokwenza zonke izinhlobo zokwelapha, kufaka phakathi nokuhlinza. Kodwa baphinde balethe okuthile okwengeziwe ekwelapheni. ODO bathola uqeqesho olukhethekile mayelana nohlelo lwezicubu namathambonami, okubahlinzeka ngolwazi olujulile nolunzulu. Lolu lwazi lubenza baqonde kahle izindlela ukugula noma ukulimala kwenye ingxenye yomzimba kungathinta enye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bakwazi ukubona ukuthi lokhu kungenza umthelela kanjani kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.


Ngifuna ucwaningo noma uphenyo nge-IBS kanye nobudlelwano bayo ne-PTSD. Ngiyabonga

Isifinyezo
I-Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) inkinga ethinta ikholo. Ingabangela ukucindezeleka kwesisu, ukuvuvukala, kanye nokuguquka kwemikhuba yokuya ngaphandle. Abanye abantu abanalesi sifo baba nokubhinyeka. Abanye baba nohudo. Abanye baguquguquka phakathi kwalokhu kokubili. Yize i-IBS ingabangela ukungaphatheki kahle okukhulu, ayilimazi amathumbu. I-IBS ivame kakhulu. Ithinta abesifazane abaphindwe kabili kunamadoda futhi ivame ukutholakala kubantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-45. Akekho owaziyo imbangela eqondile ye-IBS. Akukho ukuhlolwa okuqondile kwayo. Udokotela wakho angenza ukuhlolwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi awunayo eminye imikhuba yokugula. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungabandakanya ukuhlolwa kwamanyathela, ukuhlolwa kwegazi, kanye nama-x-rays. Udokotela wakho angenza futhi ukuhlolwa okubizwa nge-sigmoidoscopy noma i-colonoscopy. Abantu abaningi abatholakale bene-IBS bangakwazi ukulawula izimpawu zabo ngokudla, ukulawula ingcindezi, izakhamzimba, kanye nemithi.


Ngibuza lokhu njengombuzo ojwayelekile. Ingabe umshini wokushaya kwenhliziyo ungasiza ukuvimbela lezi zinkwashu zomzimba?

Ukwelashwa

Inhloso yokwelashwa ukuqondisa ubuhlungu besifuba nokuvikela ukushaywa yinhliziyo. Umuthi obizwa ngokuthi i-nitroglycerin (umuthi wokukhulula imithambo yegazi) ungasiza ukuqeda ubuhlungu. Udokotela wakho angakuchazela eminye imithi ukuvikela ubuhlungu besifuba. Ungadinga uhlobo lomuthi olubizwa ngokuthi i-calcium channel blocker (umuthi wokuvimba i-calcium) noma i-long-acting nitrate (umuthi wokukhulula imithambo yegazi ohlala isikhathi eside) isikhathi eside. Udokotela wakho angachaza futhi i-short-acting nitrate (umuthi wokukhulula imithambo yegazi osheshe usebenze) ukuyisebenzisa ngesikhathi ubuhlungu besifuba. Ama-beta-blockers angolunye uhlobo lomuthi ongasetshenziswa. Kodwa-ke, ama-beta-blockers angenza isimo sibe sibi kakhulu, futhi angaba yingozi uma esetshenziswa ne-cocaine.

Umphumela (Ukubikezela)

Ukuhlasela kwemithambo yegazi yenhliziyo kuyisifo esihlala isikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa kujwayele ukusiza ukulawula izimpawu. Lesi simo singaba uphawu lokuthi usengozini enkulu yokushaywa yinhliziyo noma ukungahleli kahle kwenhliziyo okungaba yingozi yokufa (arrhythmias - ukungahambi kahle kwemijuzo yenhliziyo). Umphumela ujwayele ukuba muhle uma ulandela izincomo zokwelashwa zikadokotela wakho futhi ugwema izinto ezithile ezingabanga lesi simo.


Mina ngizwa ukuthamba emzimbeni kakhulu, ngakho kufanele ngenzeni?

Ukunakekelwa Ekhaya...Nini Lapho Kufanele Uthintane Nodokotela...


Ngilimele eqakaleni lomlenze wami wangakwesobunxele cishe izinyanga ezinhlanu ezedlule. Ngaya kudokotela, ngathola i-x-ray, lapho kungafunyanwanga khona umonakalo. Wangiphakamisa ezinye izidambisi zezinhlungu futhi wangeluleka ukuthi ngigqoke isibopho seqakala. Bengilandela imiyalelo kusukela ngaleso sikhathi; Ngaya kudokotela omunye owangeluleka ukuthi ngiye kufiziyotherapy (i-Short Wave Diathermy) futhi wangeluleka ngezinye izivocavoco zokwelapha. Ngizilandelile nazo. Kodwa nokho manje, angikakapholi ngokugcwele ezinhlungwini. Ikakhulukazi uma ngizama ukuhamba ngokushesha noma ngizama ukucindezela ngomlenze wami wangakwesobunxele, ngizwa ubuhlungu. Ngiphatheke kabi kakhulu futhi ngikhathazekile ngalokhu. Ngicela ungiphakamise ukuthi ngingakwehlula kanjani ubuhlungu. Ngiyabonga.

Imithi ephuzwayo ngomlomo yama-anti-inflammatory, njengoba Ibuprofen, ingasetshenziswa ukunciphisa ubuhlungu, ukuqumba, kanye nokudumba noma ukuphaphama kwesikhumba.


Ngihlangabezana nefindo elingangohlamvu lwembumbulu (i-BB) engalweni yami yesokudla, cishe ama-intshi angu-2-3 kusukela esihlakaleni sami. Selikhona cishe iminyaka emihlanu futhi libuhlungu ngezinye izikhathi. Ikakhulukazi ngiyaliqaphela kuphela uma ngilibeka ingcindezi. Alikwazi ukubonakala kodwa ungalizwa kahle uma ulithinta. Liyazamazama cishe u-1 cm (isentimitha) noma yimuphi umkhondo. Ngaya kudokotela cishe iminyaka emine edlule ukuze lihlolwe kodwa abenzanga i-X-ray (umshini wokubona ngaphakathi komzimba) futhi bathi mhlawumbe yihlamvu lwembumbulu kusukela ngisemncane. Manje selibuhlungu kakhulu ngisho noma ngingalibeki ingcindezi, ngakho ngicabanga ukuthi kufanele ngenze okuthile ngalo. Ningaba nemibono yokuthi kungaba yini noma yini okufanele ngiyenze ngalo?

Ingabe yisigaxa sengalo? Isigaxa sengalo yinto ephakamile noma indawo ekhukhumele esenzeka engalweni. Amanye amagama asetshenziswa ukuchaza izinhlobo ezahlukene zezigaxa zibandakanya isigaxa, inhlumba, ukugaqeka, isimila noma isikhwama. Izigaxa zengalo zingabangelwa yinoma yiziphi izimo, kubandakanya ukutheleleka, ukuvuvukala, izimila noma ukulimala. Kuye ngembangela, izigaxa zingaba yinye noma eziningi, zithambile noma ziqinile, zibuhlungu noma zingenabo ubuhlungu. Zingakhula ngokushesha noma zingashintshi ngobukhulu. Izigaxa zengalo ezibangelwa ukutheleleka endaweni zingabonakala njengamathumba, noma amaqhubu. Izinhlobo eziningi zokutheleleka zibangela ukuba amagquma ezimila zikhuphuke futhi zizwakale njengezigaxa, ikakhulukazi emakhwapheni. Imbangela yokulimala yezigaxa zengalo kusuka ekulunywa yizinambuzane kuya ekulimaleni okubi okungadala ukuqoqeka kwegazi emzimbeni (i-hematoma, ukuqoqana kwegazi ngaphansi kwesikhumba). Kokubili izimila ezingenabungozi (benign) nezinobungozi (malignant) zesikhumba, izitho ezithambile, noma amathambo engalo ngezinye izikhathi zingezwakala njengezigaxa. Izigaxa ezibangelwa ukutheleleka, ukuvuvukala noma ukulimala zivame ukuba zesikhashana futhi zehle njengoba isimo esingaphansi siyaxazululeka. Izigaxa eziqhubeka noma ziqhubeka zikhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi zingakhombisa izimo ezinzima kakhulu, njengezimila. Uma unaso noma yisiphi isigaxa esiqhubekayo noma esikukhathazayo, funa usizo lwezempilo ngokushesha.


Nginesifo sesibindi esibizwa nge-cirrhosis (isibulalo sesibindi). Ngabe amazinga aphezulu e-ammonia anomthelela ekuphefumuleni? Ngiye ngibe nezikhathi lapho ngingakwazi ukuphefumula kahle. Angibuva ubuhlungu.

IKHARDIYOMAYOPHATHI YOTSHWALA

Ukuphuza kakhulu isikhathi eside kubuthaka umsipha wenhliziyo (heart muscle), kubangele isimo esibizwa ngokuthi ikhardiyomayophathi yotshwala. Inhliziyo ebuthakathaka iyacwila futhi yeluleke futhi ayikwazi ukushuba ngokufanele. Ngenxa yalokho, ayikwazi ukushubisa igazi elanele ukondla izitho. Kwezinye izimo, lokhu kuntuleka kokuhamba kwegazi okungokwanele kubangela umonakalo omkhulu ezithweni nasemathishini. Izimpawu zekhardiyomayophathi zihlanganisa ukuphelelwa umoya kanye nezinye izinkinga zokuphefumula, ukukhathala, ukuvuvukala kwemilenze nezinyawo, kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo okungalungile. Kungaholela ngisho nasekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo.

EZINYE IZIMO ZENGQONDO EZIHLOBENE NOTSHWALA

UMONAKALO WESIBINDI OTHINTA UBUCHOPHO

Isifo sesibindi esihlobene notshwala asithinti umsebenzi wesibindi kuphela, sibuye silimaze nobuchopho. Isibindi siqoba utshwala - kanye nobungozi obukhuphula. Ngesikhathi salolu hlelo, imikhiqizo yokusebenza kotshwala ilimaza amaseli esibindi. Lawa maseli esibindi alimele awasasebenzi kahle njengoba kufanele futhi avumela ukuthi lezi zinto ezingozi, i-ammoniya ne-manganese ikakhulukazi, ziye ekhanda. Lezi zinto ziqhubeka zilimaze amaseli obuchopho, zibangele isifo sobuchopho esikhulu nesingaba nobungozi bokuphetha ukufa esaziwa ngokuthi i-hepatic encephalopathy (ukugula kobuchopho okubangelwa ukungasebenzi kahle kwesibindi).


Nginesifo somphefumulo esibangelwa ukuzivocavoca. Ngabe ikhona kulawa mathuluzi angasebenzisi imithi angafaneleka ngicela?

Unganciki kuphela emithini yokulula ngokushesha. Ungasebenzisa futhi imithi yangaphambi kokuzivocavoca njengokwelashwa okusheshayo kwezimpawu. Kodwa-ke, akufanele udinge ukusebenzisa imithi yakho yangaphambi kokuzivocavoca kaningi kunalokho udokotela wakho akuncoma ngakho. Gcina irekhodi lokuthi zingaki izihefuzelo ozisebenzisayo ngesonto ngalinye, kangaki usebenzisa imithi yakho yangaphambi kokuzivocavoca ukuvikela, nokuthi kangaki uyisebenzisa ukwelapha izimpawu. Uma uyisebenzisa nsuku zonke noma uyisebenzisa kaningi ukwelapha izimpawu, udokotela wakho angalungisa umuthi wakho wokulawula isikhathi eside.

Izinyathelo ongazithatha ukuvimbela noma ukunciphisa izimpawu zokuminyana kwemithambo yomoya okubangelwa ukuzivocavoca (exercise-induced bronchoconstriction) zibandakanya lokhu okulandelayo:

Yenza ukufudumala kwemizuzu engu-10 okuhlukahlukene ngokuqina ngaphambi kokuqala ukuzivocavoca okujwayelekile. Phefumula ngekhala lakho ukufudumeza nokufaka umswakama emoyeni ngaphambi kokuba ungene emaphashini akho. Gqoka imaski yobuso noma isikhafu uma uzivocavoca, ikakhulukazi esimweni esibandayo, esomile. Uma unezinto ozwela kuzo, gwema izinto ezingakuvusa. Isibonelo, ungazivocavoci ngaphandle uma amazinga okuvuvukala aphezulu. Gwema ukuzivocavoca ngamandla uma unomkhuhlane noma olunye uhlobo lwesifo somgudu wokuphefumula. Zivocavoce njalo ngokungapheli ukuze uhlale usesimweni esihle futhi ukhuthaze impilo enhle yokuphefumula.


Ngibe nesifo sikaTourette kusukela ngineminyaka eyisikhombisa. Kamuva ngineminyaka engu-72, ngenziwe ukufakelwa kweshanti ngenxa ye-hydrocephalus (isifo sokuqoqeka kwamanzi ekhanda). Ingabe yiziphi izibalo eziveza ukuthi umuntu angaba ne-hydrocephalus kanye nesifo sikaTourette? Ingabe kukhona ubufakazi obukhomba ukuthi ukushukuma okungalawuleki kwekhanda nentamo okuhambisana nesifo sikaTourette kungaba yimbangela ye-hydrocephalus?

Yiziphi izifo ezihlobene ne-TS? Abantu abaningi abane-TS babhekana nezinkinga eziningi zokuziphatha nezengqondo (neurobehavioral) ezihlukumeza kakhulu kunezinyakaziso zomzimba ezingalawuleki (tics). Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukunganaki, ukuxwaya nokushesha (i-Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder—ADHD); izinkinga zokufunda, ukubhala, kanye nokubala; kanye nezimpawu zokuphindaphinda nokuqhubeka nokwenza okuthile (obsessive-compulsive symptoms) njengokucabanga okungapheli/ukukhathazeka kanye nokuziphatha okuphindaphindayo. Isibonelo, ukukhathazeka ngokungcola nemagciwane kungahambisana nokugeza izandla njalo, kanti ukukhathazeka ngezinto ezimbi ezingenzeka kungahambisana nokuziphatha okwenziwa ngendlela ethile efanayo njengokubala, ukuphinda, noma ukulandela uhlelo oluthile. Abantu abane-TS baphinde babika izinkinga zokudangala noma ukwesaba okukhulu, kanye nezinye izinkinga zokuphila, ezingahle zibe noma zingabi nokuxhumana ngqo ne-TS. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yize abantu abaningi abane-TS behlangabezana nokwehla okukhulu kwezinyakaziso zomzimba nezokukhuluma ezingalawuleki emuva kokuphuma ebusheni nasekuqaleni kobudala, izimo ezihambisana nokuziphatha zingaqhubeka. Uma kubhekwa izinkinga eziningi ezingavela, abantu abane-TS baphathwa kahle kakhulu ngokuthola ukunakekelwa kwezempilo okunikeza uhlelo lokwelashwa oluphelele nolubheka zonke izici zesimo.


Ngibonile ukuphela kwezinwele eminyeleni engezansi (izitho ezingezansi) kwabesilisa. Ingabe lokhu kubangelwa ukungahambi kahle kwegazi emzimbeni? Unalo yini noma yiluphi iseluleko?

Izimpawu  Ukulahlekelwa izinwele ngokuvamile kuba yisimpawu esisodwa. Abantu abambalwa bangezwa ukushisa kwesikhumba noma ukwenyezela. I-Alopecia areata (isifo sokulahlekelwa izinwele ngamapheshana) ivame ukuqala ngamapheshana ayi-1 kuya kwama-2 okulahlekelwa izinwele. Ukulahlekelwa izinwele kubonakala kakhulu ekhanda kunezinye izindawo. Kungenzeka futhi kubonakale nasezintshebeni, amashiya, nezingalo noma imilenze kwabanye abantu.


Nginemlenze owodwa ngasohlangothini lwesobunxele owalulama iminyaka engama-24 edlule, ezinye izingxenye zomzimba wami zisaphila kahle, kungenzeka yini ukuthi umlenze wami welasheke? Uma kungenzeka ngingakwenza kanjani ukwelashwa futhi kuphi? NGIYABONGA

Ukwelashwa Kokufa Kwengxenye Yomzimba  Ukwelashwa kuzoncika ekutheni yini imbangela yokufa kwengxenye yomzimba, futhi kungahlanganisa ukwelashwa ngomzimba, ukwelashwa ngokusebenza, ukuhlinzwa, imithi eyalelwe ngudokotela, noma ukuxubana kwalokhu okungenhla. Ukwelashwa kwenzelwe ukubuyisela ukusebenza okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka esigulini, ngenkathi kumsiza ukufunda ukubhekana nanoma yikuphi ukukhubazeka kwesikhathi eside.


Ngibe neziqhuqho elibi kakhulu ezinyangeni ezimbili ezedlule. Odokotela abatholanga okuyidalayo. Lihlala limanzi njalo. Ngidinga ukwazi ukuthi yikuphi engingakudla. Futhi ubisi olungenalakthosi kanye neyogathi kungaphephe yini ukukudla?

Ukwelashwa kanjani urhudo oluqhubekayo (chronic diarrhea)? Ukwelashwa korhudo oluqhubekayo kunqunywa yimbangela yalo. Landela iseluleko somhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Urhudo olubangelwa ukutheleleka ngezinye izikhathi lungalashwa ngama-antibiotics noma ezinye izinhlobo zemithi. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kwenziwe ukuhlolwa okufanele ukuze kunqunywe umuthi ofanele. Urhudo olungabangelwa ukutheleleka lungaba nzima kakhulu ukuluhlola nokululapha. Ukulashwa kwesikhathi eside kanye nokwesekwa kwezokudla kungadingeka. Ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka ukulapha ezinye izimbangela zorhudo oluqhubekayo. Mayelana norhudo olungaziwa imbangela yalo, lezi zihloko ezilandelayo zingasiza ukwehlisa izimpawu. Landela iseluleko somhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Hlala umanzi kahle futhi ugweme ukoma (dehydration). Izinkinga ezinzima zezempilo zingenzeka uma umzimba ungagcini amazinga afanele amanzi. Urhudo lungaba libi kakhulu futhi kungadingeka ukuba esibhedlela uma ukoma kwenzeka. Gcina ukudla okunempilo okuqukethe zonke izakhamzimba ezidingekayo. Ukwenza lokhu kungasiza ukusheshisa ukululama. Gwema iziphuzo eziqukethe ikofi, njengeti, ikofi, kanye neziphuzo eziningi ezinoshukela. Gwema uphuzo oludakayo; lungaholela ekwomeni okubi kakhulu, okungabeka impilo yakho engcupheni.


Nginezikhukhukazi eziphuma ngamakhala ami. Ngaya kudokotela wami kodwa akazange athumele izibonelo esilabhini. Ziphuma nasemehlweni ami, amehlo ami abomvu kakhulu futhi abuhlungu. Nginezikhukhukazi eziphuma, kodwa udokotela wasegunjini lezimo eziphuthumayo wathi nginesifo samehlo esinokuvuvukala kuphela. Naye akazange athumele izikhukhukazi zami esilabhini. Zingigwinya ziphila! Ngikhathele kakhulu, ngiphelelwe amandla ngingakwazi nokusuka embhedeni. Ngivuvukele. Ngidinga usizo olusheshayo! Sekuyiminyaka ngizama ukuthi bahlole izibonelo zami, kodwa akekho ongisizayo. Ngiyaphela!

Ukwelashwa kuhlanganisa imithi epharalayiza noma ebulala izilo ezincane eziphila emathunjini. Uma kunokuvimbeleka kwamathunjini okudalwa yinani elikhulu lalezi zilo, i-endoscopy (ukuhlolwa kwangaphakathi komzimba ngethubhu elinemkhanyiso) ingasetshenziswa ukuzisusa. Ezimweni ezimbalwa, kudingeka ukuhlinzwa. Abantu abalapha izimpethu eziyizikhukhula (izilo eziyizindende) kufanele baphinde bahlolwe ezinyangeni ezintathu. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kwendle ukubheka amaqanda ezimpethu. Uma amaqanda ekhona, ukwelashwa kufanele kuphindwe futhi.


Ngisanda kufunda i-athikhili eyathunyelwa nguwe eveza ukuthi ucwaningo lwakho lukhombisa ukuthi ubone indlela ebangela i-burning mouth syndrome (isifo somlomo oshisayo). Futhi ngenxa yalokhu okutholile ungakwazi ukuthola ukwelashwa. Ngibenalokhu iminyaka engu-15 futhi ngisalokhu ngibambelele. Kuzoba nini lapho ukwelashwa okuhle kuzotholakala khona? Ngiyingxenye yeqembu elina-500 labantu abane-BMS. Sihlupheka kakhulu ngendlela emangalisayo futhi sivela emazweni ahlukene emhlabeni. Kuzoba yini ukwelashwa?

Ukwelashwa Udokotela wakho uzokusiza uthole ukuthoba ubuhlungu. Imithi ingasiza ukulawula ubuhlungu futhi ipholise umlomo owomile. Ngenxa yokuthi i-BMS (isifo sobuhlungu obunzima bomlomo) iyisifo esihlasela imizwa ngendlela enzima, ukwelashwa okusebenza kumuntu oyedwa kungenzeka kungasebenzi komunye. Izimpawu ze-BMS yesibili ziyaphela uma kwelapha isimo sempilo esiyisisekelo, njengesifo sikashukela noma i-thrush (isifo somlomo esibangelwa yizinhlobo ezithile zegciwane), selashiphile. Uma umuthi ubangela i-BMS yesibili, udokotela wakho angakushintshela emthini omusha.


Ngiyazi ukuthi ungase ungaphenduli lokhu kodwa umfutho wegazi wami uyenyuka ebusuku uma ngilele. Ngiphuza imithi emine. Ngibuze odokotela ukuthi kungani kwenzeka lokhu kodwa akekho owaziyo. Kulokhu kusa ngo-4 ntathakusa. Bekuyi-164 mmHg futhi ngaphuza i-"clonidine" ukusiza ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi. Kungikhathaza kakhulu lokhu.

Umfutho wegazi uvame ukuphakama ngokuhamba kweminyaka, ngaphandle uma uthatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela noma ukulawula. Ezinye izinkinga zezempilo - njengesifo sezinso esiqhubekayo, isifo sethayiroidi, kanye ne-sleep apnea (ukumiswa kwokuphefumula ngesikhathi ulele) - zingabangela ukuphakama komfutho wegazi. Eminye imithi nayo ingakhuphula umfutho wegazi. Izibonelo zifaka imithi yesifo somoya (isibonelo, ama-corticosteroids) nemkhiqizo yokwelapha umkhuhlane. Eminye imithi nayo ingabangela umfutho wegazi ophakeme. Uma unomfutho wegazi ophakeme, yazisa udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyisebenzisayo, kufaka phakathi nemikhiqizo etholakala ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela. Kwabanye abesifazane, amaphilisi okuvimba inzalo, ukukhulelwa, noma ukwelashwa ngamahomoni kungabangela ukuphakama komfutho wegazi.


Ngineminyaka engu-37 futhi ngihlupheka ngokungabi nandlala, ukulahlekelwa isikhwele sokudla kanye nokungabi nentshisekelo yokudla. Nginenkinga encane yokuphathwa uvalo kanye nesicanucanu. Ngicela ungeluleke ngendlela yokuxazulula le nkinga yami.

Nini lapho kufanele uthinte uchwepheshe wezempilo: Shayela uchwepheshe wezempilo wakho ngokushesha uma ulahlekelwa yisisindo esikhulu ngaphandle kokuzama. Funa usizo lwezempilo uma ukulahlekelwa inkanuko yokudla kuhambisana nezinye izimpawu zokudumala, ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa noma utshwala, noma isifo sokudla esingalawuleki. Uma ukulahlekelwa inkanuko yokudla kubangelwa ukuthatha imithi, buza uchwepheshe wezempilo wakho ngokushintsha umthamo womuthi noma uhlobo lomuthi. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungayeki ukuthatha imithi ngaphandle kokukhuluma nochwepheshe wezempilo wakho kuqala.


Ngangidinga umgomo wetetanus futhi wanginika wona ngemuva kwengalo yami. Manje senginesifo se-cellulitis. Ngisebenzisa amaphilisi amasha i-predisone ne-augmentin. Manje sengithola izibazi eziningi yonke indawo. Ngicela ungisize ngokushesha ukuthi ngiqonde ukuthi kwenzakalani!

Isibhaxu yisimaka esisesikhumba sakho esidalwa yigazi elibambeke ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Loku kwenzeka uma ukulimala kucindezela imithanjana yegazi kodwa kungaqhekeki isikhumba. Leyo mithanjana yegazi iyaqhekeka bese ivuza igazi ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Izibhaxu zivamise ukuba buhlungu futhi zivuvukale. Ungathola izibhaxu zesikhumba, zezinyama kanye namathambo. Izibhaxu zamathambo yizona ezinzima kakhulu. Kungathatha izinyanga ukuthi isibhaxu sinyamalale, kodwa eziningi zithatha amasonto amabili. Ziqala ngombala obomvu, bese ziba luhlaza okusampula, bese ziba saluhlaza nophuzi ngaphambi kokubuyela esimweni sazo esejwayelekile. Ukunciphisa ukubhaxabhaxa, faka iqhwa endaweni elimalile bese uyiphakamisa ngaphezu kwenhliziyo yakho. Bona umsebenzi wezempilo wakho uma ubona sengathi ubhaxabhaxa ngaphandle kwesizathu, noma uma isibhaxu sibonakala sengathi sinokutheleleka.


Ngiqaphela ukuthi amalunga namathambo ezandleni zami abuhlungu kakhulu uma ngisebenza, ngipheka futhi kamuva ngiyazidedela izinto esandleni sami sobunxele; ngisho ukuphenduka okusheshayo kuthuma umuzwa obuhlungu emzimbeni wami wonke - Kuyini lokhu? Yini ingqinamba?

Isifinyezo  Akunandaba ukuthi uneminyaka emingaki noma wenzani ukuze uphile, uhlale usebenzisa izandla zakho. Uma kukhona okungalungile ngazo, kungenzeka ungakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke.  Izinkinga zezandla zibandakanya:   I-carpal tunnel syndrome (ukucindezeleka komuzwa esihlakaleni) - ukucindezeleka komuzwa njengoba udlula esihlakaleni, okuvame ukwenza iminwe yakho ingezwa lutho   Ukulimala okubangela ukuphuka kwamathambo, ukudabuka kwezibopho namadislokeshini   I-osteoarthritis - i-arthritis yokuguga nokuguguleka, engaphinde ibangele ukuntshwabeka noma ukugobeka kwamathambo   I-tendinitis - ukukhathazeka kwemisipha   Izifo nokulimala kweminwe yakho nesithupha, okufaka phakathi ukuqinela, ukuphatheka kabi, nokushisa


Ngifuna ulwazi olwengeziwe nge-hypertension (ukushaya kwegazi eliphezulu) kanye ne-fibromyalgia (isifo sezinhlungu emzimbeni), kubonakala sengathi ngithola kuphela izihloko ngesifo sikashukela kanti anginaso lesi sifo. Ngiyakuthokozela ukufunda ulwazi lwamanje olunikezwayo. Ngiyabonga Cassie Caldera

Ngokuvamile, kubantu abanempilo, abangenabo ubuhlungu, uma umfutho wegazi wabo uphakeme, kancane baba nobunzima bezwa ubuhlungu. Kwabanye, lokhu kungaba yinkinga ngoba abazwa ubuhlungu besifuba okungaba yisexwayiso sokuqala sokuthi kukhona iheart attack (ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo) okuzayo. Uma ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo buqala, izinhlelo ezilawula ubuhlungu nomfutho wegazi zisebenza kabi kangangokuthi ukwenyuka komfutho wegazi akusaholeli ekuncipha kokuzwela ubuhlungu. Umphumela wokugcina ukuthi ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo kubeka engcupheni enkulu yokuba nomfutho wegazi ophakeme (i-hypertension noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme).


Bengicabanga ukuthi ngihlanze izindlebe zami ngenxa yokwakheka okuningi kwamafutha ezindlebeni. Ngaso sonke isikhathi ngizwa ukuluma ezindlebeni zombili. Ngezinye izikhathi ziyashisa kancane futhi zibuhlungu kancane. Emini angikuqapheli kakhulu, kodwa kusihlwa nasebusuku kuba kubi kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi ngicabanga ukuthi kukhona okuvuzayo, kodwa akukho okuvuzayo ngempela. Uma ngithatha i-Clartin (umuthi wokuqeda i-allergy) kuyasiza, kodwa angithandi ukuyithatha nsuku zonke.

Ucabanga ukuthi kufanele ngenzeni? Odokotela bezindlebe, amakhala nomphimbo (ENT) abavamile ukwenza okuningi ngalokhu noma bacabange ukuthi kuyinkinga enkulu. Ngiphinde ngizwe umsindo omncane ophakeme ezindlebeni ebusuku. Lowo msindo awukhathazi kakhulu, kodwa ukhona. Bahlolile ukuzwa kwami bathi kuhle, ngakho ngiyamangala ukuthi kungaba yini. Kungaba yinto engiyithathayo mayelana nezithumba, noma i-allergy, noma yini enye?

Ingabe kukhona uhlobo lokuhlola olungakhombisa ukuthi yini le nokuthi ngingayinqoba kanjani? Lolu khathazeko lungiphatha kabi. Ngicela usizo lwakho.

Ama-allergy angabanga izimpawu ezahlukene njengamakhala avuzayo, ithimulo, ukuluma, amaqhubha, ukuvuvuka, noma i-asthma. Ama-allergy angaba ncane noma amakhulu. Ukuvuvuka okusheshayo okubucayi kungaba yingozi engabulala. Odokotela basebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba negazi ukuhlola ama-allergy. Ukwelashwa kufaka phakathi imithi, imijovo yokuvikela ama-allergy, nokugwema izinto ezibanga izimpendulo.


Ngizothanda kakhulu ukuzama idayethi engiyidingayo. Ukuzama ukwehlisa isisindo.

Isifingqo: Ukugcina isisindo esiphilile kubalulekile. Uma uphansi kakhulu ngosisindo, unesisindo esikhulu, noma unzima kakhulu, ungaba nengozi ephakeme yezinkinga ezithile zempilo. Cishe ababili kwabathathu abantu abadala e-U.S. banesisindo esikhulu noma banzima kakhulu. Ukufinyelela isisindo esiphilile kungakusiza ulawule i-cholesterol (amafutha egazini) yakho, umfutho wegazi kanye noshukela egazini. Kungaphinda kukusize uvimbele izifo ezihlobene nokukhula kwesisindo, njengesifo senhliziyo, isifo sikashukela, i-arthritis (ukuqina kwamathambo) kanye nomdlavuza othile.

Ukudla kakhulu noma ukungashukumi ngokwanele kuzokwenza ube nesisindo esikhulu. Ukuze ugcine isisindo sakho, ama-calorie owadlayo kufanele alingane namandla owasebenzisayo. Ukuze wehlise isisindo, kufanele usebenzise ama-calorie amaningi kunalokho okudlayo.

Isu lokulawula isisindo lingahlanganisa:
- Ukukhetha ukudla okuncane amafutha, okuncane ama-calorie
- Ukudla izingcezu ezincane
- Ukuphuza amanzi esikhundleni seziphuzo ezinoswidi
- Ukushukuma

Ukudla ama-calorie angeziwe ngaphakathi kwedayethi ehleleke kahle (ukudla okuxubene kahle) kungasiza ukwengeza isisindo.