Question: And their wind and manure emit more than one third of  emissions of another, methane, which warms the world 20 times faster  than carbon dioxide.

On a 20-year timescale, a mass of methane is about 85 times more powerful than carbon dioxide at warming the Earth, but on a 100-year timescale, it is only about 28-34 times more powerful, because the carbon dioxide continues to warm the earth after the methane is gone.


Question: And their wind and manure emit more than one third of  emissions of another, methane, which warms the world 20 times faster  than carbon dioxide.

The IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) has estimated that agriculture (including not only livestock, but also food crop, biofuel and other production) accounted for about 10 to 12 percent of global anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions (expressed as 100-year carbon dioxide equivalents) in 2005 and in 2010.Cows produce some 570 million cubic metres of methane per day, that accounts for from 35 to 40% of the overall methane emissions of the planet.


Question: And their wind and manure emit more than one third of  emissions of another, methane, which warms the world 20 times faster  than carbon dioxide.

Methane in the Earth's atmosphere is a strong greenhouse gas with a global warming potential (GWP) 104 times greater than CO2 in a 20-year time frame; methane is not as persistent a gas as CO2 (assuming no change in carbon sequestration rates) and tails off to about GWP of 28 for a 100-year time frame.


Question: And their wind and manure emit more than one third of  emissions of another, methane, which warms the world 20 times faster  than carbon dioxide.

Methane is a significantly more potent greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide in the amount of heat it can trap, especially in the short term.


Question: And their wind and manure emit more than one third of  emissions of another, methane, which warms the world 20 times faster  than carbon dioxide.

Globally, enteric fermentation (mostly in ruminant livestock) accounts for about 27% of anthropogenic methane emissions, Despite methane's 100-year global warming potential, recently estimated at 28 without and 34 with climate carbon feedbacks, methane emission is currently contributing relatively little to global warming.


Question: And their wind and manure emit more than one third of  emissions of another, methane, which warms the world 20 times faster  than carbon dioxide.

Farm animals account for between 20% and 30% of global greenhouse gas emissions.


Question: And their wind and manure emit more than one third of  emissions of another, methane, which warms the world 20 times faster  than carbon dioxide.

Since methane gas is twenty-five times stronger (for a given weight, averaged over 100 years) than CO 2 as a greenhouse gas; this would immensely magnify the greenhouse effect.


Question: And their wind and manure emit more than one third of  emissions of another, methane, which warms the world 20 times faster  than carbon dioxide.

There is concern over increases in atmospheric methane in the context of the global carbon cycle, because methane is a greenhouse gas that is 23 times more effective at absorbing long-wave radiation than CO on a 100-year time scale.


Question: Temperatures in the Arctic have soared recently, and scientists are struggling to explain exactly why.

Surface temperature increases are greatest in the Arctic, which has contributed to the retreat of glaciers, permafrost, and sea ice.


Question: Temperatures in the Arctic have soared recently, and scientists are struggling to explain exactly why.

Arctic temperatures have increased and are predicted to continue to increase during this century at over twice the rate of the rest of the world.


Question: Temperatures in the Arctic have soared recently, and scientists are struggling to explain exactly why.

[citation needed] Arctic regions notably release more heat back into space than what they absorb, effectively cooling the Earth.


Question: Temperatures in the Arctic have soared recently, and scientists are struggling to explain exactly why.

The effects of global warming in the Arctic, or climate change in the Arctic include rising air and water temperatures, loss of sea ice, and melting of the Greenland ice sheet with a related cold temperature anomaly, observed since the 1970s.


Question: Temperatures in the Arctic have soared recently, and scientists are struggling to explain exactly why.

To complicate matters, temperatures there are rising more rapidly than the global average.


Question: Temperatures in the Arctic have soared recently, and scientists are struggling to explain exactly why.

"Q&A: How is Arctic warming linked to the 'polar vortex' and other extreme weather?".


Question: Temperatures in the Arctic have soared recently, and scientists are struggling to explain exactly why.

2–3 times higher in the Arctic.


Question: Temperatures in the Arctic have soared recently, and scientists are struggling to explain exactly why.

The January 2016's remarkable phase transition of Arctic oscillation was driven by a rapid tropospheric warming in the Arctic, a pattern that appears to have increased surpassing the so-called stratospheric sudden warming.


Question: Temperatures in the Arctic have soared recently, and scientists are struggling to explain exactly why.

Arctic amplified warming is observed as stronger in lower atmospheric areas because of the expanding process of warmer air increases pressure levels which decreases poleward geopotential height gradients.


Question: Temperatures in the Arctic have soared recently, and scientists are struggling to explain exactly why.

While Arctic temperatures have generally increased, there is some discussion concerning the temperatures over Greenland.


Question: Ocean acidification is the terrifying threat whereby all that man-made CO2 we’ve been pumping into the atmosphere may react with the sea to form a sort of giant acid bath.

This is the case for CO 2, which is reduced by photosynthesis of plants, and which, after dissolving in the oceans, reacts to form carbonic acid and bicarbonate and carbonate ions (see ocean acidification).


Question: Ocean acidification is the terrifying threat whereby all that man-made CO2 we’ve been pumping into the atmosphere may react with the sea to form a sort of giant acid bath.

With the production of CO2 from the burning of fossil fuels, oceans are becoming more acidic since CO2 dissolves in water and forms the acidic bicarbonate ion.


Question: Ocean acidification is the terrifying threat whereby all that man-made CO2 we’ve been pumping into the atmosphere may react with the sea to form a sort of giant acid bath.

For example, the elevated oceanic levels of CO 2 may produce CO 2-induced acidification of body fluids, known as hypercapnia.


Question: Ocean acidification is the terrifying threat whereby all that man-made CO2 we’ve been pumping into the atmosphere may react with the sea to form a sort of giant acid bath.

The ocean would not become acidic even if it were to absorb the CO2 produced from the combustion of all fossil fuel resources.


Question: Ocean acidification is the terrifying threat whereby all that man-made CO2 we’ve been pumping into the atmosphere may react with the sea to form a sort of giant acid bath.

Some of it reacts with the water to form carbonic acid.


Question: Ocean acidification is the terrifying threat whereby all that man-made CO2 we’ve been pumping into the atmosphere may react with the sea to form a sort of giant acid bath.

Ocean acidification is the ongoing decrease in the pH of the Earth's oceans, caused by the uptake of carbon dioxide (CO 2) from the atmosphere.


Question: Ocean acidification is the terrifying threat whereby all that man-made CO2 we’ve been pumping into the atmosphere may react with the sea to form a sort of giant acid bath.

Ocean acidification is the increase in the acidity of the Earth's oceans caused by the uptake of carbon dioxide () from the atmosphere.


Question: Ocean acidification is the terrifying threat whereby all that man-made CO2 we’ve been pumping into the atmosphere may react with the sea to form a sort of giant acid bath.

As the concentration of carbon dioxide increases in the atmosphere, the increased uptake of carbon dioxide into the oceans is causing a measurable decrease in the pH of the oceans, which is referred to as ocean acidification.


Question: Ocean acidification is the terrifying threat whereby all that man-made CO2 we’ve been pumping into the atmosphere may react with the sea to form a sort of giant acid bath.

Carbon dioxide emissions cause ocean acidification, the ongoing decrease in the pH of the Earth's oceans as CO 2 becomes dissolved.


Question: Ocean acidification is the terrifying threat whereby all that man-made CO2 we’ve been pumping into the atmosphere may react with the sea to form a sort of giant acid bath.

Ocean acidification poses a severe threat to the earth's natural process of regulating atmospheric C02 levels, causing a decrease in water's ability to dissolve oxygen and created oxygen-vacant bodies of water called "dead zones."


Question: Ocean acidification is the terrifying threat whereby all that man-made CO2 we’ve been pumping into the atmosphere may react with the sea to form a sort of giant acid bath.

Carbon dioxide forms carbonic acid when dissolved in water, so ocean acidification is a significant consequence of elevated carbon dioxide levels, and limits the rate at which it can be absorbed into the ocean (the solubility pump).


Question: Ocean acidification is the terrifying threat whereby all that man-made CO2 we’ve been pumping into the atmosphere may react with the sea to form a sort of giant acid bath.

Addition of carbon dioxide to the ocean water makes the oceans more acidic.


Question: Ocean acidification is the terrifying threat whereby all that man-made CO2 we’ve been pumping into the atmosphere may react with the sea to form a sort of giant acid bath.

Ocean acidification is an effect of rising concentrations of [[Carbon dioxide|CO]] in the atmosphere, and is not a direct consequence of global warming.


Question: Humans are emitting 26 gigatonnes of CO2 into the atmosphere.

Human activities emit about 29 billion tons of carbon dioxide per year, while volcanoes emit between 0.2 and 0.3 billion tons.


Question: Humans are emitting 26 gigatonnes of CO2 into the atmosphere.

In the modern era, emissions to the atmosphere from volcanoes are approximately 0.645 billion tonnes of CO 2 per year, whereas humans contribute 29 billion tonnes of CO 2 each year.


Question: Humans are emitting 26 gigatonnes of CO2 into the atmosphere.

Total anthropogenic emissions at the end of 2009 were estimated at 49.5 gigatonnes CO 2-equivalent.


Question: Humans are emitting 26 gigatonnes of CO2 into the atmosphere.

Carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere is a trace gas, currently (mid 2018) having a global average concentration of 409 parts per million by volume (or 622 parts per million by mass).


Question: Humans are emitting 26 gigatonnes of CO2 into the atmosphere.

In 2016, China's greenhouse gas emissions accounted for 26% of total global emissions.


Question: Humans are emitting 26 gigatonnes of CO2 into the atmosphere.

CO 2 currently forms about 410 parts per million (ppm) of earth's atmosphere, compared to about 280 ppm in pre-industrial times, and billions of metric tons of CO 2 are emitted annually by burning of fossil fuels.


Question: Humans are emitting 26 gigatonnes of CO2 into the atmosphere.

The biggest wellspring of greenhouse gas emissions are from human activities.


Question: Humans are emitting 26 gigatonnes of CO2 into the atmosphere.

The burning of fossil fuels produces around 21.3 billion tonnes (21.3 gigatonnes) of carbon dioxide (CO2) per year.


Question: Humans are emitting 26 gigatonnes of CO2 into the atmosphere.

In 2010, 9.14 gigatonnes of carbon (GtC, equivalent to 33.5 gigatonnes of or about 4.3 ppm in Earth's atmosphere) were released from fossil fuels and cement production worldwide, compared to 6.15 GtC in 1990.


Question: Humans are emitting 26 gigatonnes of CO2 into the atmosphere.

Current annual increase in atmospheric CO2 is approximately 4 gigatons of carbon.


Question: Humans are emitting 26 gigatonnes of CO2 into the atmosphere.

Most carbon dioxide from human activities is released from burning coal and other fossil fuels.


Question: Sea level rise due to climate change is not going to happen.

Between 1993 and 2017, the global mean sea level rose on average by 3.1 ± 0.3 mm per year, with an acceleration detected as well.


Question: Sea level rise due to climate change is not going to happen.

The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change predicts that sea levels will rise by about 50 cm (20 in) by 2100 due to global warming and a further rise would be inevitable.


Question: Sea level rise due to climate change is not going to happen.

Sea level rise will continue over many centuries.


Question: Sea level rise due to climate change is not going to happen.

Sea level rise will continue beyond 2100 even if global warming is limited to 1.5°C.


Question: Sea level rise due to climate change is not going to happen.

This article is about climate change scenarios.


Question: Sea level rise due to climate change is not going to happen.

"Anthropogenic warming and sea level rise would continue for centuries even if GHG emissions were to be reduced sufficiently for GHG concentrations to stabilise, due to the time scales associated with climate processes and feedbacks".


Question: Sea level rise due to climate change is not going to happen.

Climate change also influences the average sea level.


Question: Sea level rise due to climate change is not going to happen.

Human-induced warming and associated sea level rises are expected to continue through the 21st century...


Question: Sea level rise due to climate change is not going to happen.

IPCC (2007a:13, 14) projected sea level rise to the end of the 21st century using the [[Special Report on Emissions Scenarios|SRES]] emission [[economics of global warming#Scenarios|scenarios]].


Question: Sea level rise due to climate change is not going to happen.

"Climate-change–driven accelerated sea-level rise detected in the altimeter era".


Question: The world’s alpine glaciers recorded a net annual loss of ice for the 36th consecutive year and the Greenland ice sheet … experienced melting over more than 50% of its surface.

It was estimated that in the year 2007 Greenland ice sheet melting was higher than ever, 592 km3 (142.0 cu mi).


Question: The world’s alpine glaciers recorded a net annual loss of ice for the 36th consecutive year and the Greenland ice sheet … experienced melting over more than 50% of its surface.

The Greenland Ice Sheet has experienced record melting in recent years since detailed records have been kept and is likely to contribute substantially to sea level rise as well as to possible changes in ocean circulation in the future if this is sustained.


Question: The world’s alpine glaciers recorded a net annual loss of ice for the 36th consecutive year and the Greenland ice sheet … experienced melting over more than 50% of its surface.

The area of the sheet that experiences melting has been argued to have increased by about 16% between 1979 (when measurements started) and 2002 (most recent data).


Question: The world’s alpine glaciers recorded a net annual loss of ice for the 36th consecutive year and the Greenland ice sheet … experienced melting over more than 50% of its surface.

The area of melting in 2002 broke all previous records.


Question: The world’s alpine glaciers recorded a net annual loss of ice for the 36th consecutive year and the Greenland ice sheet … experienced melting over more than 50% of its surface.

In 2006, estimated monthly changes in the mass of Greenland's ice sheet suggest that it is melting at a rate of about 239 cubic kilometers (57 cu mi) per year.


Question: The world’s alpine glaciers recorded a net annual loss of ice for the 36th consecutive year and the Greenland ice sheet … experienced melting over more than 50% of its surface.

As a consequence, glaciers worldwide have been found to be shrinking significantly Data from NASA's Grace satellites show that the land ice sheets in both Antarctica (upper chart) and Greenland (lower) have been losing mass since 2002.


Question: The world’s alpine glaciers recorded a net annual loss of ice for the 36th consecutive year and the Greenland ice sheet … experienced melting over more than 50% of its surface.

An ice age is a long period of reduction in the temperature of the Earth's surface and atmosphere, resulting in the presence or expansion of continental and polar ice sheets and alpine glaciers.


Question: The world’s alpine glaciers recorded a net annual loss of ice for the 36th consecutive year and the Greenland ice sheet … experienced melting over more than 50% of its surface.

The Greenland ice sheet (, ) is a vast body of ice covering , roughly 80% of the surface of Greenland.


Question: The world’s alpine glaciers recorded a net annual loss of ice for the 36th consecutive year and the Greenland ice sheet … experienced melting over more than 50% of its surface.

This was a March 2005 World Wildlife Fund Nepal Program report, page 29: In 1999, a report by the Working Group on Himalayan Glaciology (WGHG) of the International Commission for Snow and Ice (ICSI) stated: “glaciers in the Himalayas are receding faster than in any other part of the world and, if the present rate continues, the livelihood [sic] of them disappearing by the year 2035 is very high”.


Question: The world’s alpine glaciers recorded a net annual loss of ice for the 36th consecutive year and the Greenland ice sheet … experienced melting over more than 50% of its surface.

By 2008 Bossons Glacier had retreated to a point that was above sea level.Another research, published in 2019 by ETH Zurich, says that 2/3rd of the ice in the glaciers of the Alps is doomed to melt by the end of the century due to climate change In the most pessimistic scenario, the Alps will be almostly completely ice-free by 2100, with only isolated ice patches remaining at high elevation.


Question: The world’s alpine glaciers recorded a net annual loss of ice for the 36th consecutive year and the Greenland ice sheet … experienced melting over more than 50% of its surface.

Excluding the [[ice cap]]s and [[ice sheet]]s of the Arctic and Antarctic, the total surface area of [[glacier]]s worldwide has decreased by 50% since the end of the 19th century.


Question: The world’s alpine glaciers recorded a net annual loss of ice for the 36th consecutive year and the Greenland ice sheet … experienced melting over more than 50% of its surface.

Warming temperatures lead to the melting of glaciers and ice sheets.


Question: The world’s alpine glaciers recorded a net annual loss of ice for the 36th consecutive year and the Greenland ice sheet … experienced melting over more than 50% of its surface.

Recent global warming has caused mountain glaciers and the ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica to melt and global sea level to rise.


Question: For decades, most scientists saw climate change as a distant prospect.

Scientists have identified many episodes of climate change during Earth's geological history; more recently since the industrial revolution the climate has increasingly been affected by human activities driving global warming, and the terms are commonly used interchangeably in that context.


Question: For decades, most scientists saw climate change as a distant prospect.

In the scientific literature, there is an overwhelming consensus that global surface temperatures have increased in recent decades and that the trend is caused mainly by human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases.


Question: For decades, most scientists saw climate change as a distant prospect.

Decades of scientific research have shown that climate can change from both natural and anthropogenic causes.


Question: For decades, most scientists saw climate change as a distant prospect.

Catastrophic effects in 50–100 years would likely be observed according to 41%, while 44% thought the effects would be moderate and about 13 percent saw relatively little danger.


Question: For decades, most scientists saw climate change as a distant prospect.

US National Academy of Sciences: "In the judgment of most climate scientists, Earth's warming in recent decades has been caused primarily by human activities that have increased the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.


Question: For decades, most scientists saw climate change as a distant prospect.

Climate change is a long-term, sustained trend of change in climate.


Question: For decades, most scientists saw climate change as a distant prospect.

This article is about climate change scenarios.


Question: For decades, most scientists saw climate change as a distant prospect.

Climate change refers to a lasting change in the Earth's climate.


Question: For decades, most scientists saw climate change as a distant prospect.

From ancient times, people suspected that the climate of a region could change over the course of centuries.


Question: For decades, most scientists saw climate change as a distant prospect.

Climate change is a significant and lasting change in the statistical distribution of weather patterns over periods ranging from decades to millions of years.


Question: For decades, most scientists saw climate change as a distant prospect.

Scientist seek periods that are in some sense analogous or informative to current climate change.


Question: For decades, most scientists saw climate change as a distant prospect.

In their usage, "climate change" refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified by changes in the mean and/or variability of its properties, and that persists for extended periods, typically decades or longer (IPCC, 2007d:30).


Question: For decades, most scientists saw climate change as a distant prospect.

A common argument used to dismiss the significance of human-caused climate change is to allege that scientists showed concerns about global cooling which did not materialise, and there is therefore no need to heed current scientific concerns about global warming.


Question: "In fact global warming has stopped and a cooling is beginning.

According to basic physical principles, the greenhouse effect produces warming of the lower atmosphere (the troposphere), but cooling of the upper atmosphere (the stratosphere).


Question: "In fact global warming has stopped and a cooling is beginning.

The main balancing feedback to global temperature change is radiative cooling to space as infrared radiation, which increases strongly with increasing temperature.


Question: "In fact global warming has stopped and a cooling is beginning.

This could trigger cooling in the North Atlantic, Europe, and North America.


Question: "In fact global warming has stopped and a cooling is beginning.

The reflection of energy into space resulted in a global cooling, triggering the Pleistocene Ice Age.


Question: "In fact global warming has stopped and a cooling is beginning.

1883 eruption of Krakatoa, which caused approximately 1 kelvin of global cooling for 2 years due to sulfate emissions.


Question: "In fact global warming has stopped and a cooling is beginning.

One of the issues that has been raised in the media is the view that global warming "stopped in 1998".


Question: "In fact global warming has stopped and a cooling is beginning.

The global warming debate is over.


Question: "In fact global warming has stopped and a cooling is beginning.

The warming has not been globally uniform.


Question: "In fact global warming has stopped and a cooling is beginning.

The exceptionally warm El Niño year of 1998 was an outlier from the continuing temperature trend, and so subsequent annual temperatures gave the appearance of a hiatus: by January 2006, it appeared to some that global warming had stopped or paused.


Question: "In fact global warming has stopped and a cooling is beginning.

[[Retreat of glaciers since 1850|Glacier retreat]] declined and reversed in many cases from 1950 to 1980 as a slight global cooling occurred.


Question: "In fact global warming has stopped and a cooling is beginning.

Southern China has had a decrease in temperatures while most of the world has warmed.


Question: "In fact global warming has stopped and a cooling is beginning.

During this period, a sharp drop in global temperatures took place.


Question: "In fact global warming has stopped and a cooling is beginning.

Global temperature records taken from ice cores, tree rings, and lake deposits, have shown that the Earth may have been slightly cooler globally (by 0.03 °C) than in the early and mid-20th century.


Question: “We almost take forests as a given but we lose forest every year, which means we are diminishing them as a carbon sink.

Forest fires release absorbed carbon back into the atmosphere, as does deforestation due to rapidly increased oxidation of soil organic matter.


Question: “We almost take forests as a given but we lose forest every year, which means we are diminishing them as a carbon sink.

Additionally, the amount of carbon released from harvesting is small compared to the amount of carbon lost each year to forest fires and other natural disturbances.


Question: “We almost take forests as a given but we lose forest every year, which means we are diminishing them as a carbon sink.

From the perspective of the developing world, the benefits of forest as carbon sinks or biodiversity reserves go primarily to richer developed nations and there is insufficient compensation for these services.


Question: “We almost take forests as a given but we lose forest every year, which means we are diminishing them as a carbon sink.

acting as a carbon sink.


Question: “We almost take forests as a given but we lose forest every year, which means we are diminishing them as a carbon sink.

A large and persistent carbon sink in the world's forests.


Question: “We almost take forests as a given but we lose forest every year, which means we are diminishing them as a carbon sink.

Mitigation may be achieved through the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions or through the enhancement of sinks that absorb GHGs, for example forests.


Question: “We almost take forests as a given but we lose forest every year, which means we are diminishing them as a carbon sink.

A carbon sink is a natural or artificial reservoir that accumulates and stores some carbon-containing chemical compound for an indefinite period, such as a growing forest.


Question: “We almost take forests as a given but we lose forest every year, which means we are diminishing them as a carbon sink.

Deforestation eliminates carbon sinks, accelerating the process of climate change.


Question: “We almost take forests as a given but we lose forest every year, which means we are diminishing them as a carbon sink.

Deforestation causes carbon dioxide to linger in the atmosphere.


Question: “We almost take forests as a given but we lose forest every year, which means we are diminishing them as a carbon sink.


Question: “We almost take forests as a given but we lose forest every year, which means we are diminishing them as a carbon sink.

Carbon Reductions.


Question: “We almost take forests as a given but we lose forest every year, which means we are diminishing them as a carbon sink.

It is likely to be threatened by climate change and forestry.


Question: “We almost take forests as a given but we lose forest every year, which means we are diminishing them as a carbon sink.

The constant cutting down of trees is getting rid of our oxygen supply as well as the absorption of co2.


Question: The human contribution to global warming was about 0.01°C.

Human-caused increases in greenhouse gases are responsible for most of the observed global average surface warming of roughly 0.8 °C (1.5 °F) over the past 140 years.


Question: The human contribution to global warming was about 0.01°C.

Global warming contributes 0.6°C to this.


Question: The human contribution to global warming was about 0.01°C.

Some of the main human activities that contribute to global warming are:


Question: The human contribution to global warming was about 0.01°C.

Global Warming of 1.5 °C.


Question: The human contribution to global warming was about 0.01°C.

Over the past five decades there has been a global warming of approximately 0.65 °C (1.17 °F) at the Earth's surface (see historical temperature record).


Question: The human contribution to global warming was about 0.01°C.

The global temperature increase since the beginning of the industrial period (taken as 1750) is about 0.8 °C (1.4 °F), and the radiative forcing due to CO 2 and other long-lived greenhouse gases – mainly methane, nitrous oxide, and chlorofluorocarbons – emitted since that time is about 2.6 W/m2.


Question: The human contribution to global warming was about 0.01°C.

The average global temperature on Earth has increased by about 0.8° Celsius (1.4° Fahrenheit) since 1880; Two-thirds of the warming has occurred since 1975, at a rate of roughly 0.15-0.20 °C per decade.


Question: The human contribution to global warming was about 0.01°C.

Warming in the last 100 years has caused about a 0.74 °C increase in global average temperature.


Question: The human contribution to global warming was about 0.01°C.

The Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5°C (SR15) was published by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) on 8 October 2018.


Question: Lindzen and Choi’s paper is viewed as unacceptably flawed by other climate scientists.

It received considerable media coverage; 22 then- current or retired MIT professors promptly issued an open letter addressed to Trump saying that Lindzen’s petition doesn’t represent their views or those of the vast majority of other climate scientists.


Question: Lindzen and Choi’s paper is viewed as unacceptably flawed by other climate scientists.

This claim was criticized by climatologist Gavin Schmidt, Director of NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies, who notes the more generally-accepted understanding of the effects of the Iris effect and cites empirical cases where large and relatively rapid changes in the climate such as El Niño events, the Ultra-Plinian eruption of Mount Pinatubo in 1991, and recent trends in global temperature and water vapor levels to show that, as predicted in the generally-accepted view, water vapor increases as the temperature increases, and decreases as temperatures decrease.


Question: Lindzen and Choi’s paper is viewed as unacceptably flawed by other climate scientists.

Lindzen and Choi revised their paper and submitted it to PNAS.


Question: Lindzen and Choi’s paper is viewed as unacceptably flawed by other climate scientists.

Andrew Dessler published a paper which found errors in Lindzen and Choi 2011, and concluded that the observations it had presented "are not in fundamental disagreement with mainstream climate models, nor do they provide evidence that clouds are causing climate change.


Question: Lindzen and Choi’s paper is viewed as unacceptably flawed by other climate scientists.

The paper was criticized by numerous climate scientists.


Question: Lindzen and Choi’s paper is viewed as unacceptably flawed by other climate scientists.

Lindzen has been called a contrarian, in relation to climate change and other issues.


Question: Lindzen and Choi’s paper is viewed as unacceptably flawed by other climate scientists.

The Climate Feedback reviewers come to the conclusion that in one case Lomborg "practices cherry-picking", in a second case he "had reached his conclusions through cherry-picking from a small subset of the evidence, misrepresenting the results of existing studies, and relying on flawed reasoning", in a third case "[his] article [is in] blatant disagreement with available scientific evidence, while the author does not offer adequate evidence to support his statements", and, in a fourth case, "The author, Bjorn Lomborg, cherry-picks this specific piece of research and uses it in support of a broad argument against the value of climate policy.


Question: Lindzen and Choi’s paper is viewed as unacceptably flawed by other climate scientists.

Contrary to the IPCC's assessment, Lindzen said that climate models are inadequate.


Question: Lindzen and Choi’s paper is viewed as unacceptably flawed by other climate scientists.

A 2010 paper in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States (PNAS) reviewed publication and citation data for 1,372 climate researchers and drew the following two conclusions: (i) 97–98% of the climate researchers most actively publishing in the field support the tenets of ACC (Anthropogenic Climate Change) outlined by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, and (ii) the relative climate expertise and scientific prominence of the researchers unconvinced of ACC are substantially below that of the convinced researchers.


Question: Lindzen and Choi’s paper is viewed as unacceptably flawed by other climate scientists.

This view contradicts the mainstream scientific opinion on climate change.


Question: Lindzen and Choi’s paper is viewed as unacceptably flawed by other climate scientists.

While the paper was cited by Sarah Palin to justify opposition to listing polar bears on the endangered-species list, its findings were contradicted by reports from the U.S. Geological Survey and other independent researchers, who concluded that man-made climate change was likely to devastate polar-bear populations by 2050.


Question: Lindzen and Choi’s paper is viewed as unacceptably flawed by other climate scientists.

Topics which have received special attention include a feature describing "climate 'myths" promoted by many US politicians, a feature examining the accuracy of past predictions made by scientists studying global warming, as well as individual features to evaluate the claims made by the most prominent individuals who criticise evidence that supports man-made global warming, including Richard Lindzen, John Christy, and Christopher Monckton.


Question: The 30 most costly hurricanes in U.S. history (according to federal data from January) show no increase in intensity over time.

Hurricane wind speeds, rainfall intensity, and storm surge levels are likely to increase.


Question: The 30 most costly hurricanes in U.S. history (according to federal data from January) show no increase in intensity over time.

After spending a week without significantly strengthening itself in the central Atlantic, it rapidly intensified into a powerful Category 5 hurricane while moving westward towards the Bahamas on August 23.


Question: The 30 most costly hurricanes in U.S. history (according to federal data from January) show no increase in intensity over time.

The extremely powerful hurricane continued to intensify, with maximum sustained winds peaking at 180 mph (285 km/h) near 18:00 UTC on September 5.


Question: The 30 most costly hurricanes in U.S. history (according to federal data from January) show no increase in intensity over time.

Andrew, at the time, was the costliest tropical cyclone in United States history.


Question: The 30 most costly hurricanes in U.S. history (according to federal data from January) show no increase in intensity over time.

The only notable storms are Hurricane Olivia, which killed 30 people, caused $ 30 million (1975 USD) in damage, and left thousands homeless when it made landfall in October ; and an unnamed hurricane that developed at very high latitude, but had no effect on land.


Question: The 30 most costly hurricanes in U.S. history (according to federal data from January) show no increase in intensity over time.

It was the costliest United States hurricane at the time, until Hurricane Agnes in 1972.


Question: The 30 most costly hurricanes in U.S. history (according to federal data from January) show no increase in intensity over time.

(2008) normalized mainland U.S. hurricane damage from 1900 to 2005 to 2005 values and found no remaining trend of increasing absolute damage.


Question: The 30 most costly hurricanes in U.S. history (according to federal data from January) show no increase in intensity over time.

The 1955 Atlantic hurricane season was, at the time, the costliest season ever recorded.


Question: The 30 most costly hurricanes in U.S. history (according to federal data from January) show no increase in intensity over time.

List of Texas hurricanes (1980-present)


Question: The 30 most costly hurricanes in U.S. history (according to federal data from January) show no increase in intensity over time.

The 1896 Atlantic hurricane season was fairly inactive but produced one of the costliest hurricanes ever to strike the United States until that point, along with several other destructive tropical cyclones.


Question: The 30 most costly hurricanes in U.S. history (according to federal data from January) show no increase in intensity over time.

There have been a total of 6 such seasons in which no storms have made landfall in the United States at at least tropical storm strength ; these were the 1853, 1862, 1864, 1922, 1962, and 1990 seasons.


Question: Etna has already put more than 10,000 times the CO2 into the atmosphere than mankind has in our entire time on the Earth.

Human activity since the Industrial Revolution has increased the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, leading to increased radiative forcing from CO2, methane, tropospheric ozone, CFCs, and nitrous oxide.


Question: Etna has already put more than 10,000 times the CO2 into the atmosphere than mankind has in our entire time on the Earth.

In the modern era, emissions to the atmosphere from volcanoes are approximately 0.645 billion tonnes of CO 2 per year, whereas humans contribute 29 billion tonnes of CO 2 each year.


Question: Etna has already put more than 10,000 times the CO2 into the atmosphere than mankind has in our entire time on the Earth.

The reason for this is that human activities are adding CO2 to the atmosphere faster than natural processes can remove it (see carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere for a complete explanation).


Question: Etna has already put more than 10,000 times the CO2 into the atmosphere than mankind has in our entire time on the Earth.

Volcanoes are also part of the extended carbon cycle.


Question: Etna has already put more than 10,000 times the CO2 into the atmosphere than mankind has in our entire time on the Earth.

Volcanoes are the largest source but there are also anthropogenic sources.


Question: Etna has already put more than 10,000 times the CO2 into the atmosphere than mankind has in our entire time on the Earth.

The ocean could potentially hold over a thousand billion tons of CO.


Question: Etna has already put more than 10,000 times the CO2 into the atmosphere than mankind has in our entire time on the Earth.

Human activities have caused CO 2 to increase above levels not seen in hundreds of thousands of years.


Question: Etna has already put more than 10,000 times the CO2 into the atmosphere than mankind has in our entire time on the Earth.

Keeling’s Tellus article of 1960 presented the first monthly CO 2 records from Mauna Loa and Antarctica (1957 to 1960), finding a “distinct seasonal cycle…and possibly, a worldwide rise in CO2 from year to year.” By the 1970s, it was well established that the increase of atmospheric carbon dioxide was ongoing and due to anthropogenic emissions.


Question: Etna has already put more than 10,000 times the CO2 into the atmosphere than mankind has in our entire time on the Earth.

The Earth's oceans contain a large amount of in the form of bicarbonate and carbonate ions—much more than the amount in the atmosphere.


Question: Etna has already put more than 10,000 times the CO2 into the atmosphere than mankind has in our entire time on the Earth.

At times during the paleoclimate, carbon dioxide levels were two or three times greater than today.


Question: CO2 is not powerful in that sense, the only thing it does in the system is make the planet greener.

Captain Pollution is weakened when he is in contact with pure elements such as clean water or sunlight, while he gains power from contact with pollutants, being able to absorb pollutant and emit radioactive rays (and is later shown to gain limitless power when in contact with pollutants after his resurrection).


Question: CO2 is not powerful in that sense, the only thing it does in the system is make the planet greener.

Big cities were created as power images of a competitive society, conscious of its achievement potential.


Question: CO2 is not powerful in that sense, the only thing it does in the system is make the planet greener.

But it is not a socialized collectivity of labor and it lacks significant power to disrupt or seize the means of production.


Question: CO2 is not powerful in that sense, the only thing it does in the system is make the planet greener.

The Phoenix Force is a force of incredible power.


Question: CO2 is not powerful in that sense, the only thing it does in the system is make the planet greener.

This ring effectively provides near unlimited power to earth.


Question: CO2 is not powerful in that sense, the only thing it does in the system is make the planet greener.

On a 20-year timescale, a mass of methane is about 85 times more powerful than carbon dioxide at warming the Earth, but on a 100-year timescale, it is only about 28-34 times more powerful, because the carbon dioxide continues to warm the earth after the methane is gone.


Question: CO2 is not powerful in that sense, the only thing it does in the system is make the planet greener.

Plants require carbon dioxide to conduct photosynthesis.


Question: CO2 is not powerful in that sense, the only thing it does in the system is make the planet greener.

Some climate change denial groups say that because CO 2 is only a trace gas in the atmosphere (roughly 400ppm, or 0.04%, 4 parts per 10,000) it can only have a minor effect on the climate.


Question: CO2 is not powerful in that sense, the only thing it does in the system is make the planet greener.

Atmospheric carbon dioxide plays an integral role in the Earth's carbon cycle whereby carbon dioxide is removed from the atmosphere by some natural processes such as photosynthesis and deposition of carbonates, to form limestones for example, and added back to the atmosphere by other natural processes such as respiration and the acid dissolution of carbonate deposits.


Question: CO2 is not powerful in that sense, the only thing it does in the system is make the planet greener.

The CO2 fertiliser effect has been greatly overestimated during Free-Air Carbon dioxide Enrichment (FACE) experiments where results show increased CO2 levels in the atmosphere enhances photosynthesis, reduce transpiration, and increase water use efficiency (WUE).


Question: CO2 is not powerful in that sense, the only thing it does in the system is make the planet greener.

Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas that increases radiative forcing and contributes to global warming along with ocean acidification.


Question: CO2 is not powerful in that sense, the only thing it does in the system is make the planet greener.

Carbon dioxide is the most significant long-lived greenhouse gas in Earth's atmosphere.


Question: CO2 is not powerful in that sense, the only thing it does in the system is make the planet greener.

acting as a carbon sink.


Question: The costs of inaction far outweigh the costs of mitigation.

By addressing climate change, we can avoid the costs associated with the effects of climate change.


Question: The costs of inaction far outweigh the costs of mitigation.

According to the Stern Review, inaction can be as high as the equivalent of losing at least 5% of global gross domestic product (GDP) each year, now and forever (upto 20% of the GDP or more when including a wider range of risks and impacts), whereas mitigating climate change will only cost about 2% of the GDP.


Question: The costs of inaction far outweigh the costs of mitigation.

Cline noted that the Review's large cost-benefit ratio for mitigation policy allows room for these long-term costs to be reduced substantially but still support aggressive action to reduce emissions.


Question: The costs of inaction far outweigh the costs of mitigation.

... the bottom line is that the economic cost of action is low, whereas the cost of inaction is incalculably greater".


Question: The costs of inaction far outweigh the costs of mitigation.

The book says, "the economic cost of action is low, whereas the cost of inaction is incalculably greater – what exactly is the 'price' of 5 feet of sea level rise in 2100 … and losing all of the inland glaciers that provide a significant fraction of water to a billion people?


Question: The costs of inaction far outweigh the costs of mitigation.

This article is about the economics of climate change mitigation.


Question: The costs of inaction far outweigh the costs of mitigation.

"Large potential reduction in economic damages under UN mitigation targets".


Question: The costs of inaction far outweigh the costs of mitigation.

The benefits of strong, early action on mitigation considerably outweigh the costs.


Question: The costs of inaction far outweigh the costs of mitigation.

The antonym of mitigation is aggravation.


Question: The costs of inaction far outweigh the costs of mitigation.

Mitigation:


Question: The costs of inaction far outweigh the costs of mitigation.

The costs of mitigation and adaptation policies can be measured as a change in GDP.


Question: There may have been regions of Greenland that were 'greener' than today

It has been observed that there is more precipitation where it is warmer, up to 1.5 meters per year on the southeast flank, and less precipitation or none on the 25–80 percent (depending on the time of year) of the island that is cooler.


Question: There may have been regions of Greenland that were 'greener' than today

"Is Iceland Really Green and Greenland Really Icy?"


Question: There may have been regions of Greenland that were 'greener' than today

Interpretation of ice core and clam shell data suggests that between 800 and 1300, the regions around the fjords of southern Greenland experienced a relatively mild climate several degrees Celsius higher than usual in the North Atlantic, with trees and herbaceous plants growing, and livestock being farmed.


Question: There may have been regions of Greenland that were 'greener' than today

The Great Green Wall initiative is a pan-African proposal to "green" the continent from west to east in order to battle desertification.


Question: There may have been regions of Greenland that were 'greener' than today

When the North African monsoon is at its strongest annual precipitation and subsequent vegetation in the Sahara region increase, resulting in conditions commonly referred to as the "green Sahara".


Question: There may have been regions of Greenland that were 'greener' than today

Category : Former municipalities of Greenland


Question: There may have been regions of Greenland that were 'greener' than today

Also, until recently, an area in the North Atlantic including southern Greenland was one of the only areas in the World showing cooling rather than warming in recent decades, but this cooling has now been replaced by strong warming in the period 1979–2005.


Question: There may have been regions of Greenland that were 'greener' than today

The climate of the Arctic region has varied significantly in the past.


Question: There may have been regions of Greenland that were 'greener' than today

"Volcanic influence on centennial to millennial Holocene Greenland temperature change".


Question: There may have been regions of Greenland that were 'greener' than today

Greenland is abundant in minerals.


Question: There may have been regions of Greenland that were 'greener' than today

Thermally fractionated nitrogen and argon isotope data from Greenland ice core GISP2 indicate that its summit was around colder during the Younger Dryas than today.


Question: There may have been regions of Greenland that were 'greener' than today

During the last glacial maximum, the continent of Europe was much colder and drier than it is today, with polar desert in the north and the remainder steppe or tundra.


Question: There may have been regions of Greenland that were 'greener' than today

Total warming in Greenland was .


Question: Renewables can't provide baseload power

This less valuable "spare" electricity comes from uncontrolled wind power and base load power plants such as coal, nuclear and geothermal, which still produce power at night even though demand is very low.


Question: Renewables can't provide baseload power

Geothermal power plants can operate 24 hours per day, providing baseload capacity.


Question: Renewables can't provide baseload power

EGS and HDR technologies, such as hydrothermal geothermal, are expected to be baseload resources which produce power 24 hours a day like a fossil plant.


Question: Renewables can't provide baseload power

"Supplying Baseload Power and Reducing Transmission Requirements by Interconnecting Wind Farms" (PDF).


Question: Renewables can't provide baseload power

There are no countries where the majority of baseload power is supplied by wind, solar, biofuels or geothermal, as each of these sources fails one or more of the criteria of low price, availability and reliability.


Question: Renewables can't provide baseload power

"Supplying Baseload Power and Reducing Transmission Requirements by Interconnecting Wind Farms".


Question: Renewables can't provide baseload power

The baseload (also base load) on a grid is the minimum level of demand on an electrical grid over a span of time, for example, one week.


Question: Renewables can't provide baseload power

Power plants that do not change their power output quickly, such as large coal or nuclear plants, are generally called baseload power plants.


Question: Renewables can't provide baseload power

wind power) which have low capacity factors due to the weather, requires either: a) the construction of energy storage projects, which have their own emission intensity, or b) more frequent back up than the reserve requirements necessary to back up more dependable/baseload power sources, such as hydropower and nuclear energy.


Question: Renewables can't provide baseload power

The criteria for baseload power generation are low price, availability and reliability.


Question: Renewables can't provide baseload power

Renewable generation does not include amounts for ` rooftop solar '.


Question: Renewables can't provide baseload power

There is a need to develop renewable energy resources.


Question: But observations, such as those on our CO2 Coalition website, show that increased CO2 levels over the next century will cause modest and beneficial warming—perhaps as much as one degree Celsius (1.8 degrees Fahrenheit)

In it was the prediction that on our current course the planet will warm a disastrous seven degrees Fahrenheit (or about 3.9 degrees Celsius) by the end of this century.


Question: But observations, such as those on our CO2 Coalition website, show that increased CO2 levels over the next century will cause modest and beneficial warming—perhaps as much as one degree Celsius (1.8 degrees Fahrenheit)

"A projected increase of 4.05 degrees Fahrenheit in average temperature is expected by 2065, and a projected increase of 9.37 degrees Fahrenheit in average temperature can be expected by the turn of the century if nothing is done to curb emissions.


Question: But observations, such as those on our CO2 Coalition website, show that increased CO2 levels over the next century will cause modest and beneficial warming—perhaps as much as one degree Celsius (1.8 degrees Fahrenheit)

The average surface temperature could increase by 3 to 10 degrees Fahrenheit (approximately 1.67 to 5.56 degrees Celsius) by the end of the century if carbon emissions aren't reduced.


Question: But observations, such as those on our CO2 Coalition website, show that increased CO2 levels over the next century will cause modest and beneficial warming—perhaps as much as one degree Celsius (1.8 degrees Fahrenheit)

The Woods Hole Research Center, citing two 2015 studies on permafrost carbon says there may be a self-reinforcing tipping point where an estimated equivalent of 205 gigatons of carbon dioxide in the form of methane could cause up to 0.5 °C (up to 0.9 °F) warming by the end of the century, which would trigger more warming.


Question: But observations, such as those on our CO2 Coalition website, show that increased CO2 levels over the next century will cause modest and beneficial warming—perhaps as much as one degree Celsius (1.8 degrees Fahrenheit)

Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) in a moderate scenario, or as much as 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) in an extreme scenario, depending on the rate of future greenhouse gas emissions and on climate feedback effects.


Question: But observations, such as those on our CO2 Coalition website, show that increased CO2 levels over the next century will cause modest and beneficial warming—perhaps as much as one degree Celsius (1.8 degrees Fahrenheit)

This additional CO2 led to a projected increase in warming of between 0.1 and 1.5 °C.


Question: But observations, such as those on our CO2 Coalition website, show that increased CO2 levels over the next century will cause modest and beneficial warming—perhaps as much as one degree Celsius (1.8 degrees Fahrenheit)

Global warming will likely rise to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels between 2030 and 2052 if warming continues to increase at the current rate.


Question: But observations, such as those on our CO2 Coalition website, show that increased CO2 levels over the next century will cause modest and beneficial warming—perhaps as much as one degree Celsius (1.8 degrees Fahrenheit)

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reports that increased quantities of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide within the atmosphere will "very likely" lead to higher average temperatures on a global scale (global warming).


Question: But observations, such as those on our CO2 Coalition website, show that increased CO2 levels over the next century will cause modest and beneficial warming—perhaps as much as one degree Celsius (1.8 degrees Fahrenheit)

Over the last 100 years the Earth's temperature has increased 0.6 degrees Celsius and it is predicted to increase an additional 3.5 degrees over the next century.


Question: But observations, such as those on our CO2 Coalition website, show that increased CO2 levels over the next century will cause modest and beneficial warming—perhaps as much as one degree Celsius (1.8 degrees Fahrenheit)

In 2018 the IPCC published a Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5 °C which warned that, if the current rate of greenhouse gas emissions is not mitigated, global warming is likely to reach 1.5 °C (2.7 °F) between 2030 and 2052, risking major crises.


Question: The geological history of the planet shows major planetary climate changes have never been driven by a trace gas

Rennie 2009: "Claim 1: Anthropogenic CO2 can't be changing climate, because CO2 is only a trace gas in the atmosphere and the amount produced by humans is dwarfed by the amount from volcanoes and other natural sources.


Question: The geological history of the planet shows major planetary climate changes have never been driven by a trace gas

The distance of Earth from the Sun, as well as its orbital eccentricity, rate of rotation, axial tilt, geological history, sustaining atmosphere, and magnetic field all contribute to the current climatic conditions at the surface.


Question: The geological history of the planet shows major planetary climate changes have never been driven by a trace gas

Scientists have determined that the major factors causing the current climate change are greenhouse gases, land use changes, and aerosols and soot.


Question: The geological history of the planet shows major planetary climate changes have never been driven by a trace gas

Climate changes can influence a planet's geological history.


Question: The geological history of the planet shows major planetary climate changes have never been driven by a trace gas

[citation needed] The amount of heat trapping gases emitted into Earth's Oceans and atmosphere will prevent the next ice age, which otherwise would begin in around 50,000 years, and likely more glacial cycles.


Question: The geological history of the planet shows major planetary climate changes have never been driven by a trace gas

When Earth first formed, Earth's atmosphere may have contained more greenhouse gases and concentrations may have been higher, with estimated partial pressure as large as , because there was no bacterial photosynthesis to reduce the gas to carbon compounds and oxygen.


Question: The geological history of the planet shows major planetary climate changes have never been driven by a trace gas

Analysis of carbon isotopes in atmospheric CO 2 shows that the recent observed CO 2 increase cannot have come from the oceans, volcanoes, or the biosphere, and thus is not a response to rising temperatures as would be required if the same processes creating past lags were active now.


Question: The geological history of the planet shows major planetary climate changes have never been driven by a trace gas

Carbon dioxide () is an important trace gas in Earth's atmosphere.


Question: The geological history of the planet shows major planetary climate changes have never been driven by a trace gas

Recent global warming is one of many natural cycles of warming and cooling in geologic history.<br>We deny that Earth and its ecosystems are the fragile and unstable products of chance, and particularly that Earth’s climate system is vulnerable to dangerous alteration because of minuscule changes in atmospheric chemistry.


Question: The geological history of the planet shows major planetary climate changes have never been driven by a trace gas

Recent global warming is one of many natural cycles of warming and cooling in geologic history.


Question: The geological history of the planet shows major planetary climate changes have never been driven by a trace gas

(BBC) 4 April A new, detailed record of past climate change has shown compelling evidence that the last ice age was ended by a rise in temperature driven by an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide.


Question: Sea level rise is decelerating.

Over the 21st century, this is expected to rise, with glaciers contributing 7 to 24 cm (3 to 9 in) to global sea levels.


Question: Sea level rise is decelerating.

More precise data gathered from satellite radar measurements reveal an accelerating rise of 7.5 cm (3.0 in) from 1993 to 2017, which is a trend of roughly 30 cm (12 in) per century.


Question: Sea level rise is decelerating.

This acceleration is due mostly to human-caused global warming, which is driving thermal expansion of seawater and the melting of land-based ice sheets and glaciers.


Question: Sea level rise is decelerating.

More importantly, the GMSL curve shows a net acceleration, estimated to be at 0.08mm/yr2.


Question: Sea level rise is decelerating.

Climate scientists expect the rate to further accelerate during the 21st century.


Question: Sea level rise is decelerating.

"20th century acceleration in global sea-level rise".


Question: Sea level rise is decelerating.

"Climate-change–driven accelerated sea-level rise detected in the altimeter era".


Question: Sea level rise is decelerating.

Sea level rise at specific locations may be more or less than the global average.


Question: Sea level rise is decelerating.

Meltwater from melting ice sheets and glacier retreat contributes to a rise in the future sea level.


Question: Sea level rise is decelerating.

Since the last glacial maximum about 20,000 years ago, the sea level has risen by more than 125 metres (410 ft), with rates varying from less than a mm/year to 40+ mm/year, as a result of melting ice sheets over Canada and Eurasia.


Question: Sea level rise is decelerating.

Sea level rise will continue over many centuries.


Question: Sea level rise is decelerating.

This results in falling global sea levels (relative to a stable land mass).


Question: Sea level rise is decelerating.

The retreat of non-polar glaciers also contributes to sea level rise.


Question: Australia accounts for 1.5 per cent of global carbon emissions.

It is one of the largest sources of greenhouse gases, responsible for 18% of the world's greenhouse gas emissions as measured in CO2 equivalents.


Question: Australia accounts for 1.5 per cent of global carbon emissions.

Agriculture, forestry and land-use change contributed around 20 to 25% of global annual emissions in 2010.


Question: Australia accounts for 1.5 per cent of global carbon emissions.

In 2009, Australia had the highest per capita CO2 emissions in the world.


Question: Australia accounts for 1.5 per cent of global carbon emissions.

Coal and natural gas, along with oil-based products, are currently the primary sources of Australian energy usage and the coal industry produces approximately 38 % of Australia 's total greenhouse gas emissions.


Question: Australia accounts for 1.5 per cent of global carbon emissions.

Australian total emissions in 2007 were 396 million tonnes of CO. That year, the country was among the top polluter nations of the world per capita.


Question: Australia accounts for 1.5 per cent of global carbon emissions.

Australia’s total greenhouse gas emissions increased by 0.3% in the first six months of the Carbon Tax to December 2012 to 276.5 Mt CO2 equiv, while Australia's gross domestic product grew at a rate of 2.5% per annum.


Question: Australia accounts for 1.5 per cent of global carbon emissions.

The burning of coal for electricity produces 29 % of Australia 's total greenhouse gas emissions, based on 2013-2014 Clean Energy Regulator data.


Question: Australia accounts for 1.5 per cent of global carbon emissions.

On 1 July 2012, the Australian Federal government introduced a carbon price of AUD$23 per tonne of emitted CO2-e on selected fossil fuels consumed by major industrial emitters and government bodies such as councils.


Question: Australia accounts for 1.5 per cent of global carbon emissions.

The Australian Government would have set a cap on carbon emissions, consistent with longer term goals of reducing Australia’s emissions by 60% compared with 2000 levels by 2050 (Department of Climate Change, 2008, 11).


Question: Australia accounts for 1.5 per cent of global carbon emissions.

Global Warming of 1.5 °C.


Question: Increased CO2 makes more water vapor, a greenhouse gas which amplifies warming

At the end of an ice age, warming from increased CO 2 would increase the amount of water vapour, amplifying its effect in a feedback process.


Question: Increased CO2 makes more water vapor, a greenhouse gas which amplifies warming

Water vapor responds to and amplifies effects of the other greenhouse gases.


Question: Increased CO2 makes more water vapor, a greenhouse gas which amplifies warming

Because water vapor is a greenhouse gas, this results in further warming and so is a "positive feedback" that amplifies the original warming.


Question: Increased CO2 makes more water vapor, a greenhouse gas which amplifies warming

Since water vapor is a greenhouse gas, the increase in water vapor content makes the atmosphere warm further; this warming causes the atmosphere to hold still more water vapor (a positive feedback), and so on until other processes stop the feedback loop.


Question: Increased CO2 makes more water vapor, a greenhouse gas which amplifies warming

This process is enhanced by global warming, because warmer air holds more water vapor than colder air, so the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere increases as it is warmed by the greenhouse effect.


Question: Increased CO2 makes more water vapor, a greenhouse gas which amplifies warming

Warming from increased would increase the amount of water vapour, amplifying its effect in a feedback process.


Question: Increased CO2 makes more water vapor, a greenhouse gas which amplifies warming

The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming.


Question: Increased CO2 makes more water vapor, a greenhouse gas which amplifies warming

The feedback due to water vapor is a major factor in determining how much warming would be expected to occur with increased atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide, and all existing computer models assume positive feedback — that is, that as the climate warms, the amount of water vapour held in the atmosphere will increase, leading to further warming.


Question: Increased CO2 makes more water vapor, a greenhouse gas which amplifies warming

Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas that increases radiative forcing and contributes to global warming along with ocean acidification.


Question: Increased CO2 makes more water vapor, a greenhouse gas which amplifies warming

As the planet warms, it has been predicted that soils will add carbon dioxide to the atmosphere due to increased biological activity at higher temperatures, a positive feedback (amplification).


Question: Increased CO2 makes more water vapor, a greenhouse gas which amplifies warming

After an initial warming due to emissions of greenhouse gases, the atmosphere will hold more water.


Question: an airplane is contributing to the emissions that put the frozen continent at risk.

This enables the entire craft to contribute to lift generation with the result of potentially increased fuel economy.


Question: an airplane is contributing to the emissions that put the frozen continent at risk.

The airline industry is responsible for about 11% of greenhouse gases emitted by the U.S. transportation sector.


Question: an airplane is contributing to the emissions that put the frozen continent at risk.

Aviation's share of the greenhouse gas emissions is poised to grow, as air travel increases and ground vehicles use more alternative fuels like ethanol and biodiesel.


Question: an airplane is contributing to the emissions that put the frozen continent at risk.

Boeing estimates that biofuels could reduce flight-related greenhouse-gas emissions by 60 to 80%.


Question: an airplane is contributing to the emissions that put the frozen continent at risk.

In November 2017, a statement by 15,364 scientists from 184 countries indicated that increasing levels of greenhouse gases from use of fossil fuels, human population growth, deforestation, and overuse of land for agricultural production, particularly by farming ruminants for meat consumption, are trending in ways that forecast an increase in human misery over coming decades.


Question: an airplane is contributing to the emissions that put the frozen continent at risk.

Aviation affects the environment due to aircraft engines emitting noise, particulates, and gases which contribute to climate change and global dimming.


Question: an airplane is contributing to the emissions that put the frozen continent at risk.


Question: an airplane is contributing to the emissions that put the frozen continent at risk.

Subsonic aircraft-in-flight contribute to climate change in four ways:


Question: an airplane is contributing to the emissions that put the frozen continent at risk.

[citation needed] Arctic regions notably release more heat back into space than what they absorb, effectively cooling the Earth.


Question: an airplane is contributing to the emissions that put the frozen continent at risk.

Aircraft flying polar routes near the geomagnetic poles are at particular risk.


Question: an airplane is contributing to the emissions that put the frozen continent at risk.

The environmental impact of aviation occurs because aircraft engines emit noise, particulates, and gases which contribute to climate change and global dimming.


Question: an airplane is contributing to the emissions that put the frozen continent at risk.

Like the majority of human activities involving combustion, most forms of aviation release carbon dioxide (CO) and other greenhouse gases into the Earth's atmosphere, contributing to the acceleration of global warming and (in the case of CO) ocean acidification.


Question: an airplane is contributing to the emissions that put the frozen continent at risk.

The environmental impact of aviation occurs because aircraft engines emit heat, noise, particulates and gases which contribute to climate change and global dimming.


Question: The IPCC statement on Amazon rain forests is correct.

The IPCC has since acknowledged that the date is incorrect, while reaffirming that the conclusion in the final summary was robust.


Question: The IPCC statement on Amazon rain forests is correct.

The National Research Council's report agreed that there were some statistical failings, but these had little effect on the graph, which was generally correct.


Question: The IPCC statement on Amazon rain forests is correct.

IPCC NASA Data Shows Deforestation Affects Climate In The Amazon.


Question: The IPCC statement on Amazon rain forests is correct.

"Above- and below-ground net primary productivity across ten Amazonian forests on contrasting soils".


Question: The IPCC statement on Amazon rain forests is correct.

The IPCC explains this as follows:


Question: The IPCC statement on Amazon rain forests is correct.

This article refers to reports produced by the IPCC.


Question: The IPCC statement on Amazon rain forests is correct.

Amazonian forests are estimated to have accumulated 0.62 ± 0.37 tons of carbon per hectare per year between 1975 and 1996.


Question: The IPCC statement on Amazon rain forests is correct.

A large and persistent carbon sink in the world's forests.


Question: The IPCC statement on Amazon rain forests is correct.

"Climate Scientists Virtually Unanimous Anthropogenic Global Warming Is True".


Question: The IPCC statement on Amazon rain forests is correct.

Much of what remains of the world's rainforests is in the Amazon basin, where the Amazon Rainforest covers approximately 4 million square kilometres.


Question: Once the atmosphere reaches a saturation point, additional input of CO2 will not really have any major impact.

Both exceed 100% because their CO2 values were increased to 345 ppmv, without changing their other constituents to compensate.


Question: Once the atmosphere reaches a saturation point, additional input of CO2 will not really have any major impact.

This approach can increase original oil recovery by reducing residual oil saturation by between 7% to 23% additional to primary extraction.


Question: Once the atmosphere reaches a saturation point, additional input of CO2 will not really have any major impact.

Increases in atmospheric concentrations of CO 2 and other long-lived greenhouse gases such as methane, nitrous oxide and ozone have correspondingly strengthened their absorption and emission of infrared radiation, causing the rise in average global temperature since the mid-20th century.


Question: Once the atmosphere reaches a saturation point, additional input of CO2 will not really have any major impact.

Other scientists were initially sceptical and believed the greenhouse effect to be saturated so that adding more CO 2 would make no difference.


Question: Once the atmosphere reaches a saturation point, additional input of CO2 will not really have any major impact.

Increased concentrations of gases such as CO 2 (~20%), ozone and N 2O are external forcing on the other hand.


Question: Once the atmosphere reaches a saturation point, additional input of CO2 will not really have any major impact.

Because CO is close to saturation with high concentrations and few infrared absorption bands, the radiation budget and hence the greenhouse effect has low sensitivity to changes in CO concentration: the increase in temperature is roughly logarithmic.


Question: Once the atmosphere reaches a saturation point, additional input of CO2 will not really have any major impact.

Some climate change denial groups say that because CO 2 is only a trace gas in the atmosphere (roughly 400ppm, or 0.04%, 4 parts per 10,000) it can only have a minor effect on the climate.


Question: Once the atmosphere reaches a saturation point, additional input of CO2 will not really have any major impact.

Unanimous agreement was found among the models that future climate change will reduce the efficiency of the land and ocean carbon cycle to absorb human-induced CO. As a result, a larger fraction of human-induced CO will stay airborne if climate change controls the carbon cycle.


Question: Once the atmosphere reaches a saturation point, additional input of CO2 will not really have any major impact.

As the temperature of a parcel of air decreases it will eventually reach the saturation point without adding or losing water mass.


Question: Once the atmosphere reaches a saturation point, additional input of CO2 will not really have any major impact.

The increased radiative forcing due to increased CO2 in the Earth's atmosphere is based on the physical properties of CO2 and the non-saturated absorption windows where CO2 absorbs outgoing long-wave energy.


Question: Once the atmosphere reaches a saturation point, additional input of CO2 will not really have any major impact.

Most scientists do seem to accept that there is an effect of CO2 on climate; the big question is how large and dangerous it will be in future.


Question: Once the atmosphere reaches a saturation point, additional input of CO2 will not really have any major impact.

Water vapor and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere provide a temperature buffer (greenhouse effect) which helps maintain a relatively steady surface temperature.


Question: Once the atmosphere reaches a saturation point, additional input of CO2 will not really have any major impact.

In the 1998 paper, "CO2-induced global warming: a skeptic's view of potential climate change" Idso said: "Several of these cooling forces have individually been estimated to be of equivalent magnitude, but of opposite sign, to the typically predicted greenhouse effect of a doubling of the air’s CO2 content, which suggests to me that little net temperature change will ultimately result from the ongoing buildup of CO2 in Earth's atmosphere.


Question: When you read Phil Jones' actual words, you see he's saying there is a warming trend

A study released in 2009, combined historical weather station data with satellite measurements to deduce past temperatures over large regions of the continent, and these temperatures indicate an overall warming trend.


Question: When you read Phil Jones' actual words, you see he's saying there is a warming trend

Many commentators quoted one email in which Phil Jones said that he had used "Mike's Nature trick" in a 1999 graph for the World Meteorological Organization "to hide the decline" in proxy temperatures derived from tree-ring analyses when measured temperatures were actually rising.


Question: When you read Phil Jones' actual words, you see he's saying there is a warming trend

The warming has not been globally uniform.


Question: When you read Phil Jones' actual words, you see he's saying there is a warming trend

"Recently amplified arctic warming has contributed to a continual global warming trend".


Question: When you read Phil Jones' actual words, you see he's saying there is a warming trend

It shows a general warming in global temperatures.


Question: When you read Phil Jones' actual words, you see he's saying there is a warming trend

"Warming 'very likely' human-made".


Question: When you read Phil Jones' actual words, you see he's saying there is a warming trend

Trend sceptics or deniers (who deny there is global warming), [and] argue that no significant climate warming is taking place at all, claiming that the warming trend measured by weather stations is an artefact due to urbanisation around those stations ("urban heat island effect").


Question: When you read Phil Jones' actual words, you see he's saying there is a warming trend

He continued stating, the climate is warming and "humans are now in the driver's seat".


Question: When you read Phil Jones' actual words, you see he's saying there is a warming trend

...Dr. James E. Hansen of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration told a Congressional committee that it was 99 percent certain that the warming trend was not a natural variation but was caused by a buildup of carbon dioxide and other artificial gases in the atmosphere.


Question: They can now model how likely a specific event would be to occur under historical conditions, compared to the record temperatures we’re experiencing.

Looking at the lack of certainty as to the causes of the 1995 to present increase in Atlantic extreme storm activity, a 2007 article in Nature used proxy records of vertical wind shear and sea surface temperature to create a long-term model.


Question: They can now model how likely a specific event would be to occur under historical conditions, compared to the record temperatures we’re experiencing.

Compared to climate change for the past millennium, even the smallest exchange modeled would plunge the planet into temperatures colder than the Little Ice Age (the period of history between approximately 1600 and 1850 AD).


Question: They can now model how likely a specific event would be to occur under historical conditions, compared to the record temperatures we’re experiencing.

In both cases, new climate model simulations show that the effects would last for more than a decade.


Question: They can now model how likely a specific event would be to occur under historical conditions, compared to the record temperatures we’re experiencing.

The authors used computational models developed by NCAR to simulate the climatic effects of a soot cloud that they suggest would be a result, of a regional nuclear war in which 100 "small" (15 Kt) weapons are detonated over cities.


Question: They can now model how likely a specific event would be to occur under historical conditions, compared to the record temperatures we’re experiencing.

A 2012 paper in the journal Science examined the geological record in an attempt to find a historical analog for current global conditions as well as those of the future.


Question: They can now model how likely a specific event would be to occur under historical conditions, compared to the record temperatures we’re experiencing.

Modeling is used for understanding past, present and potential future climates.


Question: They can now model how likely a specific event would be to occur under historical conditions, compared to the record temperatures we’re experiencing.

This article is about climate change scenarios.


Question: They can now model how likely a specific event would be to occur under historical conditions, compared to the record temperatures we’re experiencing.

Climatology considers the past and can help predict future climate change.


Question: They can now model how likely a specific event would be to occur under historical conditions, compared to the record temperatures we’re experiencing.

In preparation for the 2021 6th IPCC report, a new generation of climate models are being developed: some show climate sensitivity around , meaning temperature can rise by 6.5 - 7 degree by 2100 in the worst socio-economic scenario ("SSP5 8.5 – rapid economic growth driven by fossil fuels without mitigation").


Question: They can now model how likely a specific event would be to occur under historical conditions, compared to the record temperatures we’re experiencing.

Knowledge of precise climatic events decreases as the record goes back in time, but some notable climate events are known:


Question: They can now model how likely a specific event would be to occur under historical conditions, compared to the record temperatures we’re experiencing.

There have been prediction models of temperature created to project the effects of global warming on the planet.


Question: They can now model how likely a specific event would be to occur under historical conditions, compared to the record temperatures we’re experiencing.

This allows a temperature record to be constructed.


Question: They can now model how likely a specific event would be to occur under historical conditions, compared to the record temperatures we’re experiencing.

Scientist seek periods that are in some sense analogous or informative to current climate change.


Question: “Recent computer forecasts suggest that if greenhouse gas emissions continue at a high level, parts of Antarctica could break up rapidly, causing the ocean to rise six feet or more by the end of this century.

Over the 21st century, the IPCC projects that in a very high emissions scenario the sea level could rise by 61–110 cm.


Question: “Recent computer forecasts suggest that if greenhouse gas emissions continue at a high level, parts of Antarctica could break up rapidly, causing the ocean to rise six feet or more by the end of this century.

A rapid collapse of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet could raise sea level by 3.3 metres (11 ft).


Question: “Recent computer forecasts suggest that if greenhouse gas emissions continue at a high level, parts of Antarctica could break up rapidly, causing the ocean to rise six feet or more by the end of this century.

Continued carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel sources could cause additional tens of metres of sea level rise, over the next millennia, and the available fossil fuel on Earth is even enough to ultimately melt the entire Antarctic ice sheet, causing about 58 m (190 ft) of sea level rise.


Question: “Recent computer forecasts suggest that if greenhouse gas emissions continue at a high level, parts of Antarctica could break up rapidly, causing the ocean to rise six feet or more by the end of this century.

Global warming is projected to have a number of effects on the oceans.


Question: “Recent computer forecasts suggest that if greenhouse gas emissions continue at a high level, parts of Antarctica could break up rapidly, causing the ocean to rise six feet or more by the end of this century.

According to 2007 estimates by the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), “global average sea level will rise between 0.6 and 2 feet (0.18 to 0.59 meters) in the next century.


Question: “Recent computer forecasts suggest that if greenhouse gas emissions continue at a high level, parts of Antarctica could break up rapidly, causing the ocean to rise six feet or more by the end of this century.

The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change predicts that sea levels will rise by about 50 cm (20 in) by 2100 due to global warming and a further rise would be inevitable.


Question: “Recent computer forecasts suggest that if greenhouse gas emissions continue at a high level, parts of Antarctica could break up rapidly, causing the ocean to rise six feet or more by the end of this century.

[citation needed] By 2100 the overall level of the Mediterranean could rise between 3 to 61 cm (1.2 to 24.0 in) as a result of the effects of climate change.


Question: “Recent computer forecasts suggest that if greenhouse gas emissions continue at a high level, parts of Antarctica could break up rapidly, causing the ocean to rise six feet or more by the end of this century.

However, Greg Holland from the National Center for Atmospheric Research, who reviewed the study, noted: “There is no doubt that the sea level rise, within the IPCC, is a very conservative number, so the truth lies somewhere between IPCC and Jim.” In addition, one 2017 study's scenario, assuming high fossil fuel use for combustion and strong economic growth during this century, projects sea level rise of up to 132 cm (4.3 ft) on average — and an extreme scenario with as much as 189 cm (6.2 ft), by 2100.


Question: “Recent computer forecasts suggest that if greenhouse gas emissions continue at a high level, parts of Antarctica could break up rapidly, causing the ocean to rise six feet or more by the end of this century.

Scientists have found that the flow of these ice streams has accelerated in recent years, and suggested that if they were to melt, global sea levels would rise by 1 to 2 m (3 ft 3 in to 6 ft 7 in), destabilising the entire West Antarctic Ice Sheet and perhaps sections of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet.


Question: “Recent computer forecasts suggest that if greenhouse gas emissions continue at a high level, parts of Antarctica could break up rapidly, causing the ocean to rise six feet or more by the end of this century.

Around 1.5°C to 2°C of global warming," irreversible instabilities could be triggered in Antarctica and "Greenland ice sheet, resulting in multi-metre rise in sea level.


Question: “Recent computer forecasts suggest that if greenhouse gas emissions continue at a high level, parts of Antarctica could break up rapidly, causing the ocean to rise six feet or more by the end of this century.

A study in 2015 found that assuming cumulative fossil fuel emissions of 10 000 gigatonnes of carbon, the Antarctic Ice Sheet could melt completely over the following millennia, contributing 58 m to global sea-level rise, and 30 m within the first 1000 years.


Question: A few degrees of global warming has a huge impact on ice sheets, sea levels and other aspects of climate.

The rate of ice loss from glaciers and ice sheets in the Antarctic is a key area of uncertainty since this source could account for 90% of the potential sea level rise: increased ocean warmth is undermining and threatening to unplug Antarctic glacier outlets, potentially resulting in more rapid sea level rise.


Question: A few degrees of global warming has a huge impact on ice sheets, sea levels and other aspects of climate.

The effects of global warming include rising sea levels, regional changes in precipitation, more frequent extreme weather events such as heat waves, and expansion of deserts.


Question: A few degrees of global warming has a huge impact on ice sheets, sea levels and other aspects of climate.

Under the influence of global warming, melt at the base of the ice sheet increases.


Question: A few degrees of global warming has a huge impact on ice sheets, sea levels and other aspects of climate.

Global warming also has an enormous impact with respect to melting glaciers and ice sheets.


Question: A few degrees of global warming has a huge impact on ice sheets, sea levels and other aspects of climate.

Global warming can affect sea levels, coastlines, ocean acidification, ocean currents, seawater, sea surface temperatures, tides, the sea floor, weather, and trigger several changes in ocean bio-geochemistry; all of these affect the functioning of a society.


Question: A few degrees of global warming has a huge impact on ice sheets, sea levels and other aspects of climate.

Relationships between global climate and changes in ice extent are complex.


Question: A few degrees of global warming has a huge impact on ice sheets, sea levels and other aspects of climate.

The effects of global warming in the Arctic include rising temperatures, loss of sea ice, and melting of the Greenland ice sheet.


Question: A few degrees of global warming has a huge impact on ice sheets, sea levels and other aspects of climate.

The effects of global warming in the Arctic, or climate change in the Arctic include rising air and water temperatures, loss of sea ice, and melting of the Greenland ice sheet with a related cold temperature anomaly, observed since the 1970s.


Question: A few degrees of global warming has a huge impact on ice sheets, sea levels and other aspects of climate.


Question: A few degrees of global warming has a huge impact on ice sheets, sea levels and other aspects of climate.

Many physical impacts of global warming are already visible, including extreme weather events, glacier retreat, changes in the timing of seasonal events (e.g., earlier flowering of plants), sea level rise, and declines in Arctic sea ice extent.


Question: A few degrees of global warming has a huge impact on ice sheets, sea levels and other aspects of climate.

Recent global warming has caused mountain glaciers and the ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica to melt and global sea level to rise.


Question: When the Emergency Leaders for Climate Action approached the Federal Government in April they were drawing on decades of data showing that fire conditions are getting worse.

Bush's administration presided over the largest tax cuts since the presidency of Ronald Reagan, and his homeland security reforms proved to be the most significant expansion of the federal government since the Great Society.


Question: When the Emergency Leaders for Climate Action approached the Federal Government in April they were drawing on decades of data showing that fire conditions are getting worse.

On January 30, 2015, days after the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers released a post-Sandy report examining flood risks for 31,200 miles (50,210 km) of the North Atlantic coast, President Obama issued an executive order directing federal agencies, state and local governments drawing federal funds to adopt stricter building and siting standards to reflect scientific projections that future flooding will be more frequent and intense due to climate change.


Question: When the Emergency Leaders for Climate Action approached the Federal Government in April they were drawing on decades of data showing that fire conditions are getting worse.

The administration rolled back regulations requiring the federal government to account for climate change and sea-level rise when building infrastructure.


Question: When the Emergency Leaders for Climate Action approached the Federal Government in April they were drawing on decades of data showing that fire conditions are getting worse.

The administration released the Fourth National Climate Assessment (NCA4) in November 2018, a long-awaited study conducted by numerous federal agencies that found "the evidence of human-caused climate change is overwhelming and continues to strengthen, that the impacts of climate change are intensifying across the country, and that climate-related threats to Americans' physical, social, and economic well-being are rising."


Question: When the Emergency Leaders for Climate Action approached the Federal Government in April they were drawing on decades of data showing that fire conditions are getting worse.

In October 2017, the administration declared a 90-day public health emergency over the opioid epidemic and pledged to urgently mobilize the federal government in response to the crisis.


Question: When the Emergency Leaders for Climate Action approached the Federal Government in April they were drawing on decades of data showing that fire conditions are getting worse.

Climate change increases wildfire potential and activity.


Question: When the Emergency Leaders for Climate Action approached the Federal Government in April they were drawing on decades of data showing that fire conditions are getting worse.

White House explains the link between Climate Change and Wild Fires.


Question: When the Emergency Leaders for Climate Action approached the Federal Government in April they were drawing on decades of data showing that fire conditions are getting worse.

Scientific experts and land management agencies agree that severely below average fuel moisture attributed to record-breaking temperatures and drought, accompanied by severe fire weather, are the primary causes of the 2019-20 Australian bushfire season, and that these are likely to have been exacerbated by long-term trends of warmer and dryer weather observed over the Australian land mass.


Question: When the Emergency Leaders for Climate Action approached the Federal Government in April they were drawing on decades of data showing that fire conditions are getting worse.

Research shows that rising heat due to climate change has caused an increase in fires around the United States.


Question: When the Emergency Leaders for Climate Action approached the Federal Government in April they were drawing on decades of data showing that fire conditions are getting worse.

Episode 2, "End of the Woods" (April 20, 2014): Schwarzenegger accompanies the "hot shots", elite firefighters in Western US forests, as they risk their lives fighting the fire season made longer and more destructive by global warming, as fire regions expand from the southwest US further north into Canada.


Question: When the Emergency Leaders for Climate Action approached the Federal Government in April they were drawing on decades of data showing that fire conditions are getting worse.

Over time, drought and wildfires have become more frequent challenges.


Question: When the Emergency Leaders for Climate Action approached the Federal Government in April they were drawing on decades of data showing that fire conditions are getting worse.

Some large wildfires in the United States have been blamed on years of fire suppression and the continuing expansion of people into fire-adapted ecosystems, but climate change is more likely responsible.


Question: When the Emergency Leaders for Climate Action approached the Federal Government in April they were drawing on decades of data showing that fire conditions are getting worse.

Episode 4 (13), "Fueling the Fire" (November 16, 2016): Arnold Schwarzenegger explores how the military is adapting to climate change and limiting national security risk by increasing energy efficiency and using renewables, but needs to increase the pace of this adaptation.


Question: Instead of negotiating over climate change policies and trying to make them more market-oriented, some political conservatives have taken the approach of blocking them by trying to undermine the science.

Conservative think tanks since the 1990s have opposed the concept of man-made global warming; challenged scientific evidence; publicized what they perceived as beneficial aspects of global warming, and asserted that proposed remedies would do more harm than good.


Question: Instead of negotiating over climate change policies and trying to make them more market-oriented, some political conservatives have taken the approach of blocking them by trying to undermine the science.

Since then, Republicans have increasingly taken positions against environmental regulation, with some Republicans rejecting the scientific consensus on climate change.


Question: Instead of negotiating over climate change policies and trying to make them more market-oriented, some political conservatives have taken the approach of blocking them by trying to undermine the science.

The politics of global warming and climate change have polarized certain political parties and other organizations.


Question: Instead of negotiating over climate change policies and trying to make them more market-oriented, some political conservatives have taken the approach of blocking them by trying to undermine the science.

However, others point to support for climate engineering proposals among think tanks with a history of global warming denial and opposition to emissions reductions as evidence that the prospect of climate engineering is itself already politicized and being promoted as part of an argument against the need for (and viability of) emissions reductions; that, rather than climate engineering being a solution to the difficulties of emissions reductions, the prospect of climate engineering is being used as part of an argument to stall emissions reductions in the first place.


Question: Instead of negotiating over climate change policies and trying to make them more market-oriented, some political conservatives have taken the approach of blocking them by trying to undermine the science.

Climate change denialism is the prime example, where a handful of scientists, allied with an effective PR machine, are publicly challenging the scientific consensus that global warming is real and is due primarily to human consumption of fossil fuels.


Question: Instead of negotiating over climate change policies and trying to make them more market-oriented, some political conservatives have taken the approach of blocking them by trying to undermine the science.

This tactic, similar to those of large tobacco companies, was utilized by the lobby groups in the hopes of delaying action and blurring the lines between the valid scientific efforts to challenge climate change findings and those designed to merely undermine the credibility of the scientific community.


Question: Instead of negotiating over climate change policies and trying to make them more market-oriented, some political conservatives have taken the approach of blocking them by trying to undermine the science.

In 2019, some Republican legislators broke with the party to advocate taking action on climate change, with market-based solutions rather than government regulations, and groups of younger Republicans began lobbying efforts in favor of a climate policy response.


Question: Instead of negotiating over climate change policies and trying to make them more market-oriented, some political conservatives have taken the approach of blocking them by trying to undermine the science.

The Climate Change Scientific Program was occasionally criticized for the alleged suppression of scientific information.


Question: Instead of negotiating over climate change policies and trying to make them more market-oriented, some political conservatives have taken the approach of blocking them by trying to undermine the science.

This article is about the economics of climate change mitigation.


Question: Instead of negotiating over climate change policies and trying to make them more market-oriented, some political conservatives have taken the approach of blocking them by trying to undermine the science.

Although the Green New Deal is often presented as a left-wing proposal, criticism of it has come from left-wing commentators who have argued that the Green New Deal fails to tackle the real cause of the climate emergency, namely the concept of unending growth and consumption inherent in capitalism, and is instead an attempt to greenwash capitalism.


Question: Currently, humans are emitting around 29 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere per year.

Human activities emit about 29 billion tons of carbon dioxide per year, while volcanoes emit between 0.2 and 0.3 billion tons.