| """ |
| Giving models a custom manager |
| |
| You can use a custom ``Manager`` in a particular model by extending the base |
| ``Manager`` class and instantiating your custom ``Manager`` in your model. |
| |
| There are two reasons you might want to customize a ``Manager``: to add extra |
| ``Manager`` methods, and/or to modify the initial ``QuerySet`` the ``Manager`` |
| returns. |
| """ |
|
|
| from django.contrib.contenttypes.fields import GenericForeignKey, GenericRelation |
| from django.db import models |
|
|
|
|
| class PersonManager(models.Manager): |
| def get_fun_people(self): |
| return self.filter(fun=True) |
|
|
|
|
| class PublishedBookManager(models.Manager): |
| def get_queryset(self): |
| return super().get_queryset().filter(is_published=True) |
|
|
|
|
| class AnnotatedBookManager(models.Manager): |
| def get_queryset(self): |
| return ( |
| super() |
| .get_queryset() |
| .annotate(favorite_avg=models.Avg("favorite_books__favorite_thing_id")) |
| ) |
|
|
|
|
| class CustomQuerySet(models.QuerySet): |
| def filter(self, *args, **kwargs): |
| queryset = super().filter(fun=True) |
| queryset._filter_CustomQuerySet = True |
| return queryset |
|
|
| def public_method(self, *args, **kwargs): |
| return self.all() |
|
|
| def _private_method(self, *args, **kwargs): |
| return self.all() |
|
|
| def optout_public_method(self, *args, **kwargs): |
| return self.all() |
|
|
| optout_public_method.queryset_only = True |
|
|
| def _optin_private_method(self, *args, **kwargs): |
| return self.all() |
|
|
| _optin_private_method.queryset_only = False |
|
|
|
|
| class BaseCustomManager(models.Manager): |
| def __init__(self, arg): |
| super().__init__() |
| self.init_arg = arg |
|
|
| def filter(self, *args, **kwargs): |
| queryset = super().filter(fun=True) |
| queryset._filter_CustomManager = True |
| return queryset |
|
|
| def manager_only(self): |
| return self.all() |
|
|
|
|
| CustomManager = BaseCustomManager.from_queryset(CustomQuerySet) |
|
|
|
|
| class CustomInitQuerySet(models.QuerySet): |
| |
| def __init__( |
| self, custom_optional_arg=None, model=None, query=None, using=None, hints=None |
| ): |
| super().__init__(model=model, query=query, using=using, hints=hints) |
|
|
|
|
| class DeconstructibleCustomManager(BaseCustomManager.from_queryset(CustomQuerySet)): |
| def __init__(self, a, b, c=1, d=2): |
| super().__init__(a) |
|
|
|
|
| class FunPeopleManager(models.Manager): |
| def get_queryset(self): |
| return super().get_queryset().filter(fun=True) |
|
|
|
|
| class BoringPeopleManager(models.Manager): |
| def get_queryset(self): |
| return super().get_queryset().filter(fun=False) |
|
|
|
|
| class Person(models.Model): |
| first_name = models.CharField(max_length=30) |
| last_name = models.CharField(max_length=30) |
| fun = models.BooleanField(default=False) |
|
|
| favorite_book = models.ForeignKey( |
| "Book", models.SET_NULL, null=True, related_name="favorite_books" |
| ) |
| favorite_thing_type = models.ForeignKey( |
| "contenttypes.ContentType", models.SET_NULL, null=True |
| ) |
| favorite_thing_id = models.IntegerField(null=True) |
| favorite_thing = GenericForeignKey("favorite_thing_type", "favorite_thing_id") |
|
|
| objects = PersonManager() |
| fun_people = FunPeopleManager() |
| boring_people = BoringPeopleManager() |
|
|
| custom_queryset_default_manager = CustomQuerySet.as_manager() |
| custom_queryset_custom_manager = CustomManager("hello") |
| custom_init_queryset_manager = CustomInitQuerySet.as_manager() |
|
|
| def __str__(self): |
| return "%s %s" % (self.first_name, self.last_name) |
|
|
|
|
| class FunPerson(models.Model): |
| first_name = models.CharField(max_length=30) |
| last_name = models.CharField(max_length=30) |
| fun = models.BooleanField(default=True) |
| favorite_book = models.ForeignKey( |
| "Book", |
| models.SET_NULL, |
| null=True, |
| related_name="fun_people_favorite_books", |
| ) |
| favorite_thing_type = models.ForeignKey( |
| "contenttypes.ContentType", models.SET_NULL, null=True |
| ) |
| favorite_thing_id = models.IntegerField(null=True) |
| favorite_thing = GenericForeignKey("favorite_thing_type", "favorite_thing_id") |
|
|
| objects = FunPeopleManager() |
|
|
|
|
| class Book(models.Model): |
| title = models.CharField(max_length=50) |
| author = models.CharField(max_length=30) |
| is_published = models.BooleanField(default=False) |
| authors = models.ManyToManyField(Person, related_name="books") |
| fun_authors = models.ManyToManyField(FunPerson, related_name="books") |
| favorite_things = GenericRelation( |
| Person, |
| content_type_field="favorite_thing_type", |
| object_id_field="favorite_thing_id", |
| ) |
| fun_people_favorite_things = GenericRelation( |
| FunPerson, |
| content_type_field="favorite_thing_type", |
| object_id_field="favorite_thing_id", |
| ) |
|
|
| published_objects = PublishedBookManager() |
| annotated_objects = AnnotatedBookManager() |
|
|
| class Meta: |
| base_manager_name = "annotated_objects" |
|
|
|
|
| class FastCarManager(models.Manager): |
| def get_queryset(self): |
| return super().get_queryset().filter(top_speed__gt=150) |
|
|
|
|
| class Car(models.Model): |
| name = models.CharField(max_length=10) |
| mileage = models.IntegerField() |
| top_speed = models.IntegerField(help_text="In miles per hour.") |
| cars = models.Manager() |
| fast_cars = FastCarManager() |
|
|
|
|
| class FastCarAsBase(Car): |
| class Meta: |
| proxy = True |
| base_manager_name = "fast_cars" |
|
|
|
|
| class FastCarAsDefault(Car): |
| class Meta: |
| proxy = True |
| default_manager_name = "fast_cars" |
|
|
|
|
| class RestrictedManager(models.Manager): |
| def get_queryset(self): |
| return super().get_queryset().filter(is_public=True) |
|
|
|
|
| class RelatedModel(models.Model): |
| name = models.CharField(max_length=50) |
|
|
|
|
| class RestrictedModel(models.Model): |
| name = models.CharField(max_length=50) |
| is_public = models.BooleanField(default=False) |
| related = models.ForeignKey(RelatedModel, models.CASCADE) |
|
|
| objects = RestrictedManager() |
| plain_manager = models.Manager() |
|
|
|
|
| class OneToOneRestrictedModel(models.Model): |
| name = models.CharField(max_length=50) |
| is_public = models.BooleanField(default=False) |
| related = models.OneToOneField(RelatedModel, models.CASCADE) |
|
|
| objects = RestrictedManager() |
| plain_manager = models.Manager() |
|
|
|
|
| class AbstractPerson(models.Model): |
| abstract_persons = models.Manager() |
| objects = models.CharField(max_length=30) |
|
|
| class Meta: |
| abstract = True |
|
|
|
|
| class PersonFromAbstract(AbstractPerson): |
| pass |
|
|