Datasets:

disco-eth
/

WorldSpeech

@@ -766,22 +766,56 @@ configs:
 # WorldSpeech
-**53,635 hours of transcribed speech across 113 language–region configs**, drawn from national parliaments, public broadcasters, public-domain audiobooks, and international institutions (UN, ICC, Vatican Radio).
-Every row consists of a 24kHz speech utterance paired with a human transcript, an aligned ASR transcript, character error rate (CER) between the two, a WADA-SNR estimate, and four DNSMOS-P.835 quality scores.
 ---
 ## Dataset Overview
-| ------------------------------------- | -------------- |
-| Total hours                           | 53,635      |
-| Configs (language × region)           | 113            |
-| Distinct languages                    | 79              |
-| Median DNSMOS-P.835 OVR (per config)  | 2.84        |
-| Sample rate                           | 24 kHz         |
-| Codec                                 | OGG Opus       |
 ## How to use
@@ -792,7 +826,7 @@ ds = load_dataset("AAdonis/WorldSpeech", "nl_nl", split="train")
 ds = ds.cast_column("audio", Audio(sampling_rate=24000))
 row = ds[0]
-wav    = row["audio"]["array"]        # 1-D float32 numpy array, 24 kHz mono
 sr     = row["audio"]["sampling_rate"] # 24000
 text   = row["human_transcript"]
 snr    = row["snr"]
@@ -809,30 +843,90 @@ for row in ds:
     break
 ```
 ---
 ## Schema
-| Field              | Type      | Description |
-| ------------------ | --------- | ----------- |
-| `audio`            | `Audio`   | OGG Opus decoded to `{"array": np.float32[N], "sampling_rate": 24000}`. **Null for metadata-only configs.** |
-| `human_transcript` | `string`  | Verified human-written transcript |
-| `asr_transcript`   | `string`  | ASR output used for alignment and CER computation |
-| `cer`              | `float32` | Character error rate between `asr_transcript` and `human_transcript` |
-| `snr`              | `float32` | WADA-SNR estimate, dB |
-| `dnsmos_sig`       | `float32` | DNSMOS-P.835 signal quality |
-| `dnsmos_bak`       | `float32` | DNSMOS-P.835 background noise |
-| `dnsmos_ovr`       | `float32` | DNSMOS-P.835 overall MOS |
-| `dnsmos_p808`      | `float32` | DNSMOS-P.808 MOS |
-| `duration`         | `float32` | Segment duration in seconds |
-| `source`           | `string`  | Source identifier (e.g. `parliament_nl`, `librivox`, `voa_hausa`) |
-| `source_url`       | `string`  | Direct URL to the upstream recording |
-| `source_start_s`   | `float32` | Start offset within the source recording (seconds) |
-| `source_end_s`     | `float32` | End offset within the source recording (seconds) |
-| `session_date`     | `string`  | ISO-8601 date of the original recording |
-| `segment_id`       | `string`  | Stable unique identifier for this segment |
-| `language`         | `string`  | BCP-47 language tag |
-| `country`          | `string`  | ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code (or `un` / `va` for international) |
 ---
@@ -844,7 +938,7 @@ for row in ds:
 <summary><b>Click to expand full configs table</b></summary>
 | Config | Country | Language | Hours | DNSMOS OVR |
-| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
 | `nl_nl` | Netherlands | Dutch | 3,692.6 | 3.00 |
 | `pl_pl` | Poland | Polish | 2,731.9 | 2.70 |
 | `cs_cz` | Czech Republic | Czech | 2,689.5 | 2.87 |
@@ -953,27 +1047,36 @@ for row in ds:
 | `tn_za` | South Africa | Tswana | 0.9 | 2.69 |
 | `nso_za` | South Africa | Northern Sotho | 0.7 | 2.70 |
 | `st_za` | South Africa | Sesotho | 0.4 | 2.67 |
 | `nr_za` | South Africa | Southern Ndebele | 0.2 | 2.60 |
 | `ts_za` | South Africa | Tsonga | 0.2 | 2.75 |
 | `ss_za` | South Africa | Swati | 0.1 | 2.84 |
 | `ve_za` | South Africa | Venda | 0.1 | 2.72 |
-| `mr_in` | India | Marathi | 0.8 | 2.75 |
 | **Total** | — | — | **53,634.6** | **2.82** |
 </details>
 ---
 ## Citation
 ```bibtex
 @misc{asonitis2026worldspeech,
-  title     = {},
-  author    = {},
   year      = {2026},
   note      = {Under review},
-  url       = {https://huggingface.co/datasets/disco-eth/WorldSpeech}
 }
 ```
@@ -985,15 +1088,115 @@ Issues, takedowns, license questions: open a discussion on this repository.
 ---
-## Dataset License
-WorldSpeech is released under [CC BY-NC 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Individual source licenses apply and are listed in the [Per-config licenses](#per-config-licenses) table. Where a source license is more restrictive than CC BY-NC 4.0, the more restrictive terms govern that config.
----
-## Per-config licenses
-*(See dataset card for full per-config license table.)*
-> ⚠️ **Audio embedding caveat.** Five configs (`kh_km` Khmer, `la_lo` Lao, `mm_my` Burmese, `vn_vi` Vietnamese, `cn_ug` Uyghur 3,941 hours total, all Radio Free Asia–sourced) include only metadata, transcripts, and source URLs. Audio for these configs must be downloaded separately from `source_url`. **Embedded-audio hours: ~49,694.** Total hours including metadata-only configs: 53,635.

 # WorldSpeech
+**53,635 hours of transcribed speech across 113 language–region configs**, drawn from national parliaments, public broadcasters, public-domain audiobooks, and international institutions (UN, ICC, Vatican Radio). Strong non-European and low-resource coverage across Sub-Saharan Africa, Asia, and Latin America.
+Every row consists of a 24 kHz speech utterance paired with a verified human transcript, an aligned ASR transcript, character error rate (CER) between the two, a WADA-SNR estimate, and four DNSMOS-P.835 quality scores — enough metadata to filter for TTS-grade, ASR-grade, or noise-robustness training without re-running quality estimation yourself.
+**Audio format:** OGG Opus, 24 kHz mono, ~64 kbps VBR
+**Splits:** 95 / 5 train / test (per config, seed 42)
+**Provenance fields:** `source`, `source_url`, `session_date`, `source_start_s`, `source_end_s`, `segment_id` on every row
+**License:** CC BY-NC 4.0, with per-config restrictions where the upstream license is more restrictive (see [Licenses](#licenses))
+> ⚠️ **Audio embedding caveat.** Five configs (`kh_km` Khmer, `la_lo` Lao, `mm_my` Burmese, `vn_vi` Vietnamese, `cn_ug` Uyghur — 3,941 hours total, all Radio Free Asia–sourced) include only metadata, transcripts, and source URLs. Audio must be downloaded separately from `source_url`. **Embedded-audio hours: ~49,694.** Total including metadata-only: 53,635.
+---
+## Dataset License
+WorldSpeech is released under [CC BY-NC 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Individual source licenses apply per config and are listed in the [Licenses](#licenses) section. Where a source license is more restrictive than CC BY-NC 4.0, the more restrictive terms govern that config.
 ---
 ## Dataset Overview
+| | |
+|---|---|
+| Total hours (incl. metadata-only) | 53,635 |
+| Embedded-audio hours | ~49,694 |
+| Configs (language × region) | 113 |
+| Distinct languages | 79 |
+| Languages ≥ 1,000 h | 21 |
+| Languages ≥ 500 h | 27 |
+| Languages ≥ 200 h | 35 |
+| Languages ≥ 50 h | 47 |
+| Weighted avg DNSMOS-P.835 OVR | 2.82 |
+| Sample rate | 24 kHz |
+| Codec | OGG Opus |
+### Coverage by region
+| Region | Hours | Configs |
+|---|---|---|
+| Europe |   23,364 |      26 |
+| East/SE Asia |   11,623 |      13 |
+| Latin America |    7,573 |      11 |
+| Sub-Saharan Africa |    3,493 |      29 |
+| South Asia |    2,098 |       9 |
+| MENA |    2,060 |      13 |
+| Pacific/Oceania |    1,095 |       5 |
+| Caucasus |    1,934 |       4 |
+| Central Asia |      394 |       3 |
+---
 ## How to use
 ds = ds.cast_column("audio", Audio(sampling_rate=24000))
 row = ds[0]
+wav    = row["audio"]["array"]         # 1-D float32 numpy array, 24 kHz mono
 sr     = row["audio"]["sampling_rate"] # 24000
 text   = row["human_transcript"]
 snr    = row["snr"]
     break
 ```
+### Filtering for TTS-grade subset
+```python
+ds_tts = ds.filter(lambda row:
+    row["dnsmos_ovr"] >= 3.2 and
+    row["snr"]        >= 15.0 and
+    row["cer"]        <= 0.05 and
+    1.0 <= row["duration"] <= 20.0
+)
+```
+| Use case | DNSMOS OVR | SNR (dB) | CER |
+|---|---|---|---|
+| TTS / voice cloning | ≥ 3.2 | ≥ 15 | ≤ 0.05 |
+| Clean ASR | ≥ 2.8 | ≥ 10 | ≤ 0.10 |
+| Robustness / noisy | — | — | ≤ 0.15 |
 ---
 ## Schema
+| Field | Type | Description |
+|---|---|---|
+| `audio` | `Audio` | OGG Opus decoded to `{"array": np.float32[N], "sampling_rate": 24000}`. **Null for metadata-only configs.** |
+| `human_transcript` | `string` | Verified human-written transcript |
+| `asr_transcript` | `string` | ASR output used for alignment and CER computation |
+| `cer` | `float32` | Character error rate between `asr_transcript` and `human_transcript` |
+| `snr` | `float32` | WADA-SNR estimate, dB |
+| `dnsmos_sig` | `float32` | DNSMOS-P.835 signal quality |
+| `dnsmos_bak` | `float32` | DNSMOS-P.835 background noise |
+| `dnsmos_ovr` | `float32` | DNSMOS-P.835 overall MOS |
+| `dnsmos_p808` | `float32` | DNSMOS-P.808 MOS |
+| `duration` | `float32` | Segment duration in seconds |
+| `source` | `string` | Source identifier (e.g. `parliament_nl`, `librivox`, `voa_hausa`) |
+| `source_url` | `string` | Direct URL to the upstream recording |
+| `source_start_s` | `float32` | Start offset within the source recording (seconds) |
+| `source_end_s` | `float32` | End offset within the source recording (seconds) |
+| `session_date` | `string` | ISO-8601 date of the original recording |
+| `segment_id` | `string` | Stable unique identifier for this segment |
+| `language` | `string` | BCP-47 language tag |
+| `country` | `string` | ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code (`un` / `va` for international) |
+---
+## Why WorldSpeech
+| Corpus | Hours | Languages | Human transcripts | Domain |
+|---|---|---|---|---|
+| MLS | ~50k | 8 | ✓ | Audiobooks |
+| VoxPopuli | ~24k transcribed | 23 (EU only) | Partial | Parliamentary |
+| GigaSpeech 2 | ~30k | 3 | ✗ | YouTube |
+| Common Voice 17 | ~31k | 100+ | ✓ | Read prompts |
+| FLEURS | ~1.4k | 102 | ✓ | Read (eval only) |
+| **WorldSpeech** | **~53,635** | **79** | **✓ (+ ASR + CER)** | **Parliamentary, broadcast, audiobook** |
+WorldSpeech combines MLS-scale hours with FLEURS-scale language coverage and per-row quality metadata, with a deliberate non-European focus.
+---
+## Recommended use cases
+- **Multilingual ASR pretraining and fine-tuning**, especially for languages outside MLS / VoxPopuli coverage.
+- **Multilingual TTS pretraining**, after filtering on DNSMOS / SNR / CER.
+- **Long-form / streaming ASR**, since `source_start_s` / `source_end_s` allow reconstruction of original session context.
+- **Speech enhancement**, using the wide DNSMOS distribution as an in-distribution quality range.
+---
+## Known limitations
+- **Domain skew.** Parliamentary, broadcast, and read-audiobook content dominate. Conversational speech is under-represented.
+- **Speaker imbalance.** Several configs are dominated by a small number of frequent speakers. No per-speaker labels are provided.
+- **Alignment uncertainty.** Human transcripts are aligned via ASR; the `cer` field gives a per-segment quality estimate.
+- **Variable audio quality.** Weighted avg DNSMOS OVR is 2.82, with substantial variance. Filter aggressively for TTS-grade work.
+- **11 languages have < 10 hours** (`grc`, `mi`, `ml`, `mr`, `nr`, `nso`, `pa`, `ss`, `st`, `ts`, `ve`). Treat these as evaluation signal rather than training data.
+- **Five RFA configs are metadata-only.** See embedding caveat above.
+---
+## Ethical considerations
+Sources are public records (parliaments, courts, broadcasters, public-domain audiobooks). Speakers are public figures speaking in their official capacity. No private conversations or non-consensual material are included. Configs with non-commercial-only upstream terms (UN, ICC, Vatican Radio, RFA, RFE/RL) are flagged in the Licenses table.
+If you identify content that should not have been included, open an issue and we will action takedowns within 30 days.
 ---
 <summary><b>Click to expand full configs table</b></summary>
 | Config | Country | Language | Hours | DNSMOS OVR |
+|---|---|---|---|---|
 | `nl_nl` | Netherlands | Dutch | 3,692.6 | 3.00 |
 | `pl_pl` | Poland | Polish | 2,731.9 | 2.70 |
 | `cs_cz` | Czech Republic | Czech | 2,689.5 | 2.87 |
 | `tn_za` | South Africa | Tswana | 0.9 | 2.69 |
 | `nso_za` | South Africa | Northern Sotho | 0.7 | 2.70 |
 | `st_za` | South Africa | Sesotho | 0.4 | 2.67 |
+| `mr_in` | India | Marathi | 0.8 | 2.75 |
 | `nr_za` | South Africa | Southern Ndebele | 0.2 | 2.60 |
 | `ts_za` | South Africa | Tsonga | 0.2 | 2.75 |
 | `ss_za` | South Africa | Swati | 0.1 | 2.84 |
 | `ve_za` | South Africa | Venda | 0.1 | 2.72 |
 | **Total** | — | — | **53,634.6** | **2.82** |
 </details>
 ---
+## Roadmap
+- [ ] **v1.1** — speaker-disjoint held-out evaluation split
+- [ ] **v1.1** — per-row machine-readable license field
+- [ ] **v1.2** — speaker diarization labels for parliamentary configs
+- [ ] **v1.2** — WorldSpeech-Eval companion leaderboard with contamination-protected test sets
+- [ ] **v2** — expansion of low-resource African and Indigenous-language configs
+---
 ## Citation
 ```bibtex
 @misc{asonitis2026worldspeech,
+  title     = {WorldSpeech: Aligned Speech for the World's Underserved Languages},
+  author    = {Asonitis, Adonis and others},
   year      = {2026},
   note      = {Under review},
+  url       = {https://huggingface.co/datasets/AAdonis/WorldSpeech}
 }
 ```
 ---
+## Licenses
+| Config | Country / Language | License | Notes |
+|---|---|---|---|
+| `af_za` | South Africa / Afrikaans | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.parliament.gov.za/legal) |  |
+| `am_et` | Ethiopia / Amharic | [Public Domain (17 USC §105)](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/105) | US federal agency content (VOA). |
+| `ar_bh` | Bahrain / Arabic | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.nuwab.bh/) |  |
+| `ar_dz` | Algeria / Arabic | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.apn.dz/) |  |
+| `ar_eg` | Egypt / Arabic | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.parliament.gov.eg/) |  |
+| `ar_iq` | Iraq / Arabic | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://parliament.iq/) |  |
+| `ar_kw` | Kuwait / Arabic | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.kna.kw/) |  |
+| `ar_ma` | Morocco / Arabic | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.parlement.ma/) |  |
+| `ar_sa` | Saudi Arabia / Arabic | [Government Archive (Public Record)](https://www.gph.gov.sa/) |  |
+| `ar_tn` | Tunisia / Arabic | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.parliament.tn/) |  |
+| `ar_un` | United Nations / Arabic | [UN Official Records](https://www.un.org/en/about-us/copyright) | UN official records; non-commercial/research use per UN terms. Contact permissions@un.org for commercial use. |
+| `az_az` | Azerbaijan / Azerbaijani | [Public Domain (17 USC §105)](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/105) | US federal agency content (VOA). |
+| `be_by` | Belarus / Belarusian | [CC BY-NC-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) |  |
+| `bn_bd` | Bangladesh / Bengali | [Public Domain (17 USC §105)](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/105) | US federal agency content (VOA). |
+| `ckb_iq` | Iraq / Sorani Kurdish | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://parliament.iq/) |  |
+| `cnr_me` | Montenegro / Montenegrin | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.skupstina.me/) |  |
+| `crs_sc` | Seychelles / Kreol Seselwa | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.nationalassembly.sc/) |  |
+| `cs_cz` | Czech Republic / Czech | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.psp.cz/) |  |
+| `de_at` | Austria / German | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.parlament.gv.at/rechtliches) |  |
+| `dv_mv` | Maldives / Dhivehi | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://majlis.gov.mv/) |  |
+| `el_cy` | Cyprus / Greek | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.parliament.cy/) |  |
+| `el_gr` | Greece / Greek | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.hellenicparliament.gr/) |  |
+| `en_au` | Australia / English | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.aph.gov.au/Help/Disclaimer_Privacy_Copyright) |  |
+| `en_jm` | Jamaica / English | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.japarliament.gov.jm/) |  |
+| `en_ke` | Kenya / English | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.parliament.go.ke/) |  |
+| `en_nz` | New Zealand / English | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.parliament.nz/en/footer/copyright/) |  |
+| `en_sl` | Sierra Leone / English | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.parliament.gov.sl/) |  |
+| `en_zm` | Zambia / English | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.parliament.gov.zm/) |  |
+| `eo` | (international) / Esperanto | [CC0 1.0 (Public Domain)](https://librivox.org/pages/public-domain/) |  |
+| `es_ar` | Argentina / Spanish | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.hcdn.gob.ar/) |  |
+| `es_cl` | Chile / Spanish | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.camara.cl/) |  |
+| `es_co` | Colombia / Spanish | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.camara.gov.co/) |  |
+| `es_es` | Spain / Spanish | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.congreso.es/) |  |
+| `es_mx` | Mexico / Spanish | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.congreso.gob.mx/) |  |
+| `es_pe` | Peru / Spanish | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.congreso.gob.pe/) |  |
+| `es_pr` | Puerto Rico / Spanish | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.camaraderepresentantes.org/) |  |
+| `es_py` | Paraguay / Spanish | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.congreso.gov.py/) |  |
+| `es_uy` | Uruguay / Spanish | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://parlamento.gub.uy/) |  |
+| `fa_ir` | Iran / Persian | [Public Domain (17 USC §105)](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/105) | US federal agency content (VOA). |
+| `fr_ca` | Canada / French | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.assnat.qc.ca/) |  |
+| `fr_cd` | DR Congo / French | [ICC Court Records](https://www.icc-cpi.int/disclaimer) | Public judicial proceedings of an international court; non-commercial/educational use per ICC terms. |
+| `fr_ci` | Cote d'Ivoire / French | [ICC Court Records](https://www.icc-cpi.int/disclaimer) | Public judicial proceedings of an international court; non-commercial/educational use per ICC terms. |
+| `ga_ie` | Ireland / Irish | [CC BY 4.0 (Oireachtas PSI Licence)](https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/open-data/license/) |  |
+| `grc_gr` | Greece / Ancient Greek | [CC0 1.0 (Public Domain)](https://librivox.org/pages/public-domain/) |  |
+| `ha_ng` | Nigeria / Hausa | [Public Domain (17 USC §105)](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/105) | US federal agency content (VOA). |
+| `ha_td` | Chad | [Public Domain (17 USC §105)](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/105) | US federal agency content (VOA). |
+| `he_il` | Israel / Hebrew | [CC0 1.0 (Public Domain)](https://librivox.org/pages/public-domain/) | LibriVox recordings (CC0) + Ben-Yehuda Project texts (public domain per Israeli copyright law). |
+| `hi_in` | India / Hindi | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://sansad.in/) |  |
+| `hu_hu` | Hungary / Hungarian | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.parlament.hu/) |  |
+| `hy_am` | Armenia / Armenian | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.parliament.am/) |  |
+| `id_id` | Indonesia / Indonesian | [Public Domain (17 USC §105)](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/105) | US federal agency content (VOA). |
+| `ig_ng` | Nigeria / Igbo | [Public Domain (17 USC §105)](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/105) | US federal agency content (VOA). |
+| `iu_ca` | Canada / Inuktitut | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.assembly.nu.ca/) |  |
+| `ja_jp` | Japan / Japanese | [CC0 1.0 (Public Domain)](https://librivox.org/pages/public-domain/) | LibriVox recordings (CC0) + Aozora Bunko texts (public domain, 50yr Japanese law). |
+| `ka_ge` | Georgia / Georgian | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://parliament.ge/) |  |
+| `kk_kz` | Kazakhstan / Kazakh | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.parlam.kz/) |  |
+| `kh_km` | Cambodia / Khmer | [RFA Terms of Use (non-commercial)](https://www.rfa.org/english/about/terms-of-use/) | Metadata only — audio not embedded. Download audio from `source_url`. Non-commercial research use; see RFA terms. |
+| `ko_kr` | South Korea / Korean | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.assembly.go.kr/) |  |
+| `la_va` | Vatican / Latin | [Vatican Radio Archive](https://www.vaticannews.va/en/others/terms-and-conditions.html) | Vatican Radio historical archive; contact Vatican Media for commercial use. |
+| `lb_lu` | Luxembourg / Luxembourgish | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.chd.lu/) |  |
+| `la_lo` | Laos / Lao | [RFA Terms of Use (non-commercial)](https://www.rfa.org/english/about/terms-of-use/) | Metadata only — audio not embedded. Download audio from `source_url`. Non-commercial research use; see RFA terms. |
+| `mfe_mu` | Mauritius / Mauritian Creole | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://govmu.org/) |  |
+| `mi_nz` | New Zealand / Maori | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.parliament.nz/en/footer/copyright/) |  |
+| `ml_in` | India / Malayalam | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://niyamasabha.org/) |  |
+| `mn_mn` | Mongolia / Mongolian | [Parliamentary Proceedings / CC0](https://www.parliament.mn/) | Parliament sessions (public record) + Latter-day Saints addresses (CC0 per lds.org). |
+| `mr_in` | India / Marathi | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.vidhan.maharashtra.gov.in/) |  |
+| `ms_my` | Malaysia / Malay | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.parlimen.gov.my/) |  |
+| `mm_my` | Myanmar / Burmese | [RFA Terms of Use (non-commercial)](https://www.rfa.org/english/about/terms-of-use/) | Metadata only — audio not embedded. Download audio from `source_url`. Non-commercial research use; see RFA terms. |
+| `ne_np` | Nepal / Nepali | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.parliament.gov.np/) |  |
+| `nl_be` | Belgium / Dutch | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.vlaamsparlement.be/) |  |
+| `nl_nl` | Netherlands / Dutch | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.tweedekamer.nl/) |  |
+| `nr_za` | South Africa / Southern Ndebele | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.parliament.gov.za/legal) |  |
+| `nso_za` | South Africa / Northern Sotho | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.parliament.gov.za/legal) |  |
+| `om_et` | Ethiopia / Oromo | [Public Domain (17 USC §105)](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/105) | US federal agency content (VOA). |
+| `pa_in` | India / Punjabi | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://vidhanpb.gov.in/) |  |
+| `pl_pl` | Poland / Polish | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.sejm.gov.pl/) |  |
+| `pt_br` | Brazil / Portuguese | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.senado.leg.br/) |  |
+| `rm_ch` | Switzerland / Romansh | [SRG SSR Terms of Use](https://www.srgssr.ch/en/who-we-are/public-service/) | Corpus compiled from publicly broadcast RTR programming; contact SRG SSR for commercial use. |
+| `ro_md` | Moldova / Romanian | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.parlament.md/) |  |
+| `ro_ro` | Romania / Romanian | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.senat.ro/) |  |
+| `ru_by` | Belarus / Russian | [Government Publication (Public Record)](https://president.gov.by/) |  |
+| `ru_ru` | Russia / Russian | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://duma.gov.ru/) |  |
+| `rw_rw` | Rwanda / Kinyarwanda | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.parliament.gov.rw/) |  |
+| `si_lk` | Sri Lanka / Sinhala | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.parliament.lk/) |  |
+| `sm_ws` | Samoa / Samoan | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://parliament.ws/) |  |
+| `sn_zw` | Zimbabwe / Shona | [Public Domain (17 USC §105)](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/105) | US federal agency content (VOA). |
+| `sq_al` | Albania / Albanian | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.parlament.al/) |  |
+| `sq_xk` | Kosovo / Albanian | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.assembly-kosova.org/) |  |
+| `ss_za` | South Africa / Swati | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.parliament.gov.za/legal) |  |
+| `st_za` | South Africa / Sesotho | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.parliament.gov.za/legal) |  |
+| `sv_ax` | Aland Islands / Swedish | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.lagting.ax/) |  |
+| `sw_tz` | Tanzania / Swahili | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.bunge.go.tz/) |  |
+| `ta_lk` | Sri Lanka / Tamil | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.parliament.lk/) |  |
+| `th_th` | Thailand / Thai | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.parliament.go.th/) |  |
+| `ti_et` | Ethiopia / Tigrinya | [Public Domain (17 USC §105)](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/105) | US federal agency content (VOA). |
+| `tl_ph` | Philippines / Tagalog | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.congress.gov.ph/) |  |
+| `tn_bw` | Botswana / Tswana | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.parliament.gov.bw/) |  |
+| `tn_za` | South Africa / Tswana | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.parliament.gov.za/legal) |  |
+| `tr_tr` | Turkey / Turkish | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.tbmm.gov.tr/) |  |
+| `ts_za` | South Africa / Tsonga | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.parliament.gov.za/legal) |  |
+| `cn_ug` | China / Uyghur | [RFA Terms of Use (non-commercial)](https://www.rfa.org/english/about/terms-of-use/) | Metadata only — audio not embedded. Download audio from `source_url`. Non-commercial research use; see RFA terms. |
+| `uz_uz` | Uzbekistan / Uzbek | [RFE/RL Terms of Use (non-commercial)](https://about.rferl.org/use-our-content/) | US government-funded broadcaster; non-commercial research use. Original Ozodlik (RFE/RL Uzbek) content. |
+| `ve_za` | South Africa / Venda | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.parliament.gov.za/legal) |  |
+| `vn_vi` | Vietnam / Vietnamese | [RFA Terms of Use (non-commercial)](https://www.rfa.org/english/about/terms-of-use/) | Metadata only — audio not embedded. Download audio from `source_url`. Non-commercial research use; see RFA terms. |
+| `xh_za` | South Africa / Xhosa | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.parliament.gov.za/legal) |  |
+| `yue_hk` | Hong Kong / Cantonese | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.legco.gov.hk/en/general/disclaimer.html) |  |
+| `zh_tw` | Taiwan / Chinese (Mandarin) | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.ly.gov.tw/) |  |
+| `zu_za` | South Africa / Zulu | [Parliamentary Proceedings](https://www.parliament.gov.za/legal) |  |