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README.md
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license:
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---
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---
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license: cc-by-4.0
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tags:
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- federated-learning
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- predictive-maintenance
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- graph-neural-networks
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- heterogeneous-graphs
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- cmapss
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- batadal
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- pytorch-geometric
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size_categories:
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- 1K<n<10K
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---
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# CAFA-GNN Federated Benchmarks
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Three federated heterogeneous-graph datasets built to reproduce and benchmark the
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**CAFA-GNN** framework (*Concept-Aware Federated Agentic GNN for Industrial Predictive
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Maintenance*). Each federation ships as a single `.zip` containing one
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`torch_geometric.data.HeteroData` per client.
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| Federation | Source | Clients | Node types | Task | Per-node feature |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| **cmapss** | NASA C-MAPSS turbofan archive (PHM Society mirror) | **3,000** | sensor (14), engine (1), operator (6) | regression (RUL per engine, capped at 125) | `(W=30, D=14)` |
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| **batadal** | BATADAL water-distribution training set | **2,000** | pump (11), tank (7), sensor (12) | binary classification (anomaly per pump) | `(W=30, D=14)` |
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| **d3_synthetic** | procedurally generated, 3-regime physics model | **2,000** | sensor (60), machine (15), line (3) | regression (RUL per machine, capped at 125) | `(W=30, D=14)` |
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7,000 client files total. Five relation types per heterograph in each federation
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(see node-type pairs printed by `print(data.edge_types)` after loading).
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## Why a federated benchmark?
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Predictive-maintenance research on CMAPSS and BATADAL has historically been done
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centrally — one model trained on the union of all engines / all timestamps.
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CAFA-GNN argues that real-world deployments are intrinsically federated (one
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factory per client) and that clusters of clients share similar degradation
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regimes. This benchmark exposes that structure explicitly: each `.pt` file is a
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self-contained per-factory graph snapshot with its own targets, ready to drop
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into Flower or any other FL simulation framework.
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## Files
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```
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cmapss_federated.zip # 3000 × client_*.pt (≈16 MB)
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batadal_federated.zip # 2000 × client_*.pt (≈14 MB)
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synthetic_d3_K100.zip # 2000 × client_*.pt (≈27 MB)
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```
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## Loading
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```python
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import zipfile, pathlib, torch
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from torch_geometric.data import HeteroData
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zipfile.ZipFile("cmapss_federated.zip").extractall("cmapss/")
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data: HeteroData = torch.load("cmapss/client_0.pt")
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print(data.node_types) # ['sensor', 'engine', 'operator']
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print(data.edge_types) # 5 relation triples
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print(data['engine'].x.shape) # (1, 30, 14)
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print(data.y.shape) # (1,) — RUL target
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print(data.cmapss_subset, data.cmapss_engine_id) # provenance
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```
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Each `HeteroData` carries:
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- `x` on every node type, shape `(N_nodes, W=30, D=14)`. Channel 0 is the
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normalised per-entity signal; channels 1–3 are the operating context
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(CMAPSS op-settings / BATADAL pressure context / D3 cluster progress);
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remaining channels are zero-padded so the schema is shape-uniform.
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- `edge_index` for each of 5 relation types per federation.
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- `y` — the regression target (RUL for cmapss / d3, ≤125) or binary tensor
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(per-pump anomaly for batadal).
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- Provenance attributes: `client_id`, `task`, plus federation-specific
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metadata (`cmapss_subset`, `cmapss_engine_id`, `cmapss_end_cycle`,
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`cmapss_dominant_regime`, `batadal_window_start`, `batadal_window_attacked`,
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or `cluster_id` for D3).
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## Reproducibility
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Every byte of these archives is produced by a single deterministic script:
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[`scripts/generate_hf_datasets.py`](https://github.com/) in the parent
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CAFA-GNN repository, driven by a fixed master seed (default `42`). CMAPSS and
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BATADAL features are derived from the real public datasets (NASA PHM Society
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S3 + batadal.net); D3 features come from a three-regime physics model
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(vibration-dominant, monotonic drift with end-of-life acceleration, stepwise
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faults). Re-running the script with the same seed yields bit-identical
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HeteroData payloads.
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## Upstream licensing
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- **CMAPSS** — released by NASA Prognostics Center of Excellence; freely usable
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for research with attribution.
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- **BATADAL** — released alongside the BATADAL challenge; freely usable for
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research with attribution to the BATADAL organisers.
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- **D3 Synthetic** — generated by this project; CC-BY-4.0.
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When citing this bundle, please also cite the upstream CMAPSS (Saxena et al.
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PHM '08) and BATADAL (Taormina et al. 2018) datasets where applicable.
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## Citation
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```bibtex
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@inproceedings{cafa-gnn,
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title = {CAFA-GNN: A Concept-Aware Federated Agentic Framework for Industrial Predictive Maintenance},
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author = {...},
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year = {2026}
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}
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```
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