Update README.md

README.md

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----
-license: cc-by-nc-4.0
----
+---
+pretty_name: MuSCAT RawImage
+license: cc-by-nc-4.0
+viewer: false
+tags:
+- astronomy
+- image
+- remote-sensing
+- scientific-data
+- fits
+- raw
+- denoising
+- astrophotography
+- ccd
+task_categories:
+- image-to-image
+language:
+- en
+---
+
+# Dataset Card for MuSCAT-RawImage
+
+
+## Dataset Description
+
+- **Dataset name:** MuSCAT-RawImage
+- **Repository:** `ToferFish/MuSCAT-RawImage`
+- **Source project:** [ShuhongLL/Denoising-Deep-Sky](https://github.com/ShuhongLL/Denoising-Deep-Sky)
+- **License:** CC BY-NC 4.0
+- **Modality:** Astronomical raw CCD images and calibration products
+- **Format:** Compressed FITS files (`.fits.fz`) plus JSON metadata
+
+This dataset contains raw and processed astronomical CCD observations from the MuSCAT instruments, organized for deep-sky image denoising and related low-level image restoration research.  
+The repository structure follows the organization used in the Denoising-Deep-Sky project, where data are grouped by **instrument**, **band**, and **observation session**.
+
+The data are intended primarily for:
+
+- astronomical image denoising
+- raw-to-clean image restoration
+- CCD noise modeling
+- calibration-aware image processing
+- benchmarking denoising methods on real telescope data
+
+## Dataset Structure
+
+The dataset is organized by instrument, spectral band, and observation session.
+
+A typical directory layout is:
+
+```text
+dataset_root/
+├── muscat3_g/
+│   ├── <observation_id_1>/
+│   │   ├── calib/
+│   │   │   ├── BIAS_*.fits.fz
+│   │   │   ├── BPM_*.fits.fz
+│   │   │   ├── DARK_*.fits.fz
+│   │   │   └── SKYFLAT_*.fits.fz
+│   │   ├── data/
+│   │   │   ├── <obs_id>_calib.fits.fz
+│   │   │   ├── <obs_id>_mask.fits.fz
+│   │   │   ├── <obs_id>_mean.fits.fz
+│   │   │   ├── <obs_id>_os.fits.fz
+│   │   │   └── <obs_id>_raw.fits.fz
+│   │   ├── e91/
+│   │   ├── calib.json
+│   │   └── info.json
+│   └── <observation_id_2>/
+│       └── ...
+└── muscat4_i/
+    └── ...
+```
+
+## Data Contents
+
+Each observation directory may include the following components.
+
+### Calibration files (`calib/`)
+
+- `BIAS_*.fits.fz`  
+  Master bias frame. Represents the electronic offset estimate.
+
+- `BPM_*.fits.fz` (Empty)
+  Bad pixel map.
+
+- `DARK_*.fits.fz`  
+  Master dark-current template.
+
+- `SKYFLAT_*.fits.fz`  
+  Sky flat used for pixel-response and vignetting correction.
+
+### Observation data (`data/`)
+
+- `<obs_id>_raw.fits.fz`  
+  Raw CCD frame.
+
+- `<obs_id>_os.fits.fz`  
+  Overscan-corrected frame, typically used as the noisy input.
+
+- `<obs_id>_calib.fits.fz`  
+  Calibrated frame.
+
+- `<obs_id>_mean.fits.fz`  
+  High-SNR stacked reference frame built from multiple exposures.
+
+- `<obs_id>_mask.fits.fz`  
+  Background/source mask.
+
+### Additional files
+
+- `e91/`  
+  Additional calibrated frames used to construct stacked references.
+
+- `calib.json`  
+  Calibration-related metadata.
+
+- `info.json`  
+  Observation/session metadata.
+
+## Data Fields
+
+This repository does not follow a tabular row-based structure.  
+Instead, each sample is stored as a set of FITS files and JSON metadata under one observation directory.
+
+Important file-level fields include:
+
+- **instrument**: e.g. MuSCAT-3 or MuSCAT-4
+- **band**: e.g. `g`, `r`, `i`
+- **observation_id**: identifier for one observation session
+- **raw frame**: original CCD image
+- **overscan-corrected frame**: original CCD image - overscan
+- **calibrated frame**: processed image using calibration products
+- **mean frame**: stacked high-SNR reference image
+- **mask**: source/background mask (background = 1, source = 0)
+- **calibration metadata**: gain, dark, bias, flat-related information when available
+
+## Supported Tasks and Use Cases
+
+This dataset is suitable for:
+
+- real-world astronomical image denoising
+- supervised image-to-image restoration
+- physics-based CCD noise modeling
+- calibration-aware low-level vision
+- benchmarking telescope image restoration pipelines
+
+Possible training pairs include:
+
+- original pairs: `*_os.fits.fz` ----> `*_calib.fits.fz`
+- synthesized pairs: `*_syn.fits.fz` ----> `*_mean.fits.fz`
+
+Depending on the experiment design, users may also incorporate:
+
+- `*_raw.fits.fz`
+- `*_calib.fits.fz`
+- calibration frames from `calib/`
+- masks from `*_mask.fits.fz`
+
+## Loading the Data
+
+Because the dataset is distributed as FITS files instead of a standard row-based file format such as CSV or Parquet, it is generally intended to be accessed as files from the repository rather than directly through the default Hugging Face dataset viewer.
+
+Example with Python:
+
+```python
+from astropy.io import fits
+
+path = "muscat3_g/<observation_id>/data/<obs_id>_raw.fits.fz"
+
+with fits.open(path) as hdul:
+    image = hdul[1].data
+    header = hdul[1].header
+
+print(image.shape)
+print(header)
+```
+
+## Citation
+If you use this dataset, please cite the original project:
+```bibtex
+@misc{liu2025denoisingdeepsky,
+  title={Denoising the Deep Sky: Physics-Based CCD Noise Formation for Astronomical Imaging},
+  author={Shuhong Liu and Xining Ge and Ziying Gu and Quanfeng Xu and Ziteng Cui and Lin Gu and Xuangeng Chu and Jun Liu and Dong Li and Tatsuya Harada},
+  year={2025},
+  eprint={2508.08079},
+  archivePrefix={arXiv},
+  primaryClass={cs.CV}
+}
+```