File size: 4,286 Bytes
e770068
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
---
language:
- en
license: other
tags:
- medical
- ophthalmology
- fundus-image
- image-classification
- image-segmentation
- pathologic-myopia
- multi-task
- optic-disc
- lesion-segmentation
task_categories:
- image-classification
- image-segmentation
- object-detection
task_ids:
- multi-class-image-classification
- semantic-segmentation
pretty_name: PALM (Pathologic Myopia) Fundus Image Dataset
size_categories:
- 1K<n<10K
annotations_creators:
- expert-generated
source_datasets:
- original
source_data_urls:
- https://ieee-dataport.org/documents/palm-pathologic-myopia-challenge
---

# 🩺 PALM — Pathologic Myopia Fundus Image Dataset

<table align="center">
    <tr>
        <td width="100%" align="center">
            <img src="rm_images/Merged_Fundus_Images_with_Captions.jpg" alt="Merged Dataset Samples" style="max-width: 100%; height: auto;">
            <br>
            <p><strong>Image:</strong> Dataset Samples.</p>
        </td>
    </tr>
</table>

---

## 📘 Overview

**PALM (Pathologic Myopia)** is a publicly available fundus image dataset developed for detecting **pathologic myopia (PM)** and analyzing associated retinal lesions and anatomical structures.

It was released for the **Pathologic Myopia Challenge (PALM)**, hosted by the **Chinese Academy of Sciences** and **Sun Yat-sen University**, and published on **IEEE DataPort**.
The dataset provides both **classification** and **segmentation** tasks, making it valuable for multi-task ophthalmic AI research.

🔗 **Official Sources:**
- [PALM Challenge (IEEE DataPort)](https://ieee-dataport.org/documents/palm-pathologic-myopia-challenge)
- [PALM Dataset Publication (PMC)](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10799845/)
- [ResearchGate Dataset Overview](https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Folder-organization-of-our-PALM-dataset_fig6_377564136)

---

## 📊 Dataset Summary

| Feature | Description |
|----------|-------------|
| **Images** | 1,200 color fundus photographs |
| **Labels** | Binary — *Pathologic Myopia (PM)* or *Non-PM* |
| **Annotations** | Optic disc boundary, fovea location, and lesion masks (atrophy, detachment) |
| **Resolution** | Varies (45° field-of-view fundus images) |
| **Format** | JPEG |
| **Tasks** | Classification, Segmentation |
| **Source Institutions** | Multiple ophthalmic centers in China |
| **License** | Free for research and educational use |
| **Released** | 2019 (PALM Challenge) |

---

## 📁 Folder Structure

```python
PALM/
├── images/
│ ├── train/
│ ├── validation/
│ └── test/
├── annotations/
│ ├── optic_disc_masks/
│ ├── lesion_masks/
│ └── fovea_locations.csv
├── labels.csv
└── README.md
```

---

## 🩸 Labels and Annotations

- **Classification Label:**
  - `1` = Pathologic Myopia (PM)
  - `0` = Non-Pathologic (Normal)

- **Segmentation Annotations:**
  - Optic disc boundaries
  - Fovea coordinates
  - Lesion masks for:
    - Patchy atrophy
    - Retinal detachment
    - Peripapillary atrophy

---

## 🧠 Research Applications

PALM is designed for:

- **Pathologic Myopia detection** from fundus images
- **Segmentation** of optic disc, fovea, and lesion regions
- **Multi-task learning** combining classification and segmentation
- **Explainable AI** studies on high-myopia pathology

---

## ⚙️ Limitations

- Limited image count (~1,200)
- Variability in camera type and illumination
- Binary labeling (PM vs Non-PM) does not cover all clinical myopia subtypes
- Lesion annotations may need preprocessing for some segmentation frameworks

---

## 📥 Access and Citation

### 🔗 Access
Dataset available via official IEEE DataPort page:
👉 [https://ieee-dataport.org/documents/palm-pathologic-myopia-challenge](https://ieee-dataport.org/documents/palm-pathologic-myopia-challenge)

### 📄 Citation

If you use PALM, please cite:
Fang H., Li F., Wu J., Fu H., Sun X., Orlando J. I., Bogunović H., Zhang X., Xu Y.
PALM: Open Fundus Photograph Dataset with Pathologic Myopia Recognition and Anatomical Structure Annotation.
IEEE DataPort, 2019.

---

## 🧾 License

The PALM dataset is made available **for research and educational use only**.
Redistribution or commercial use requires permission from the dataset authors.