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@@ -91,31 +91,13 @@ for example in ds.take(3):
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  ### 1. `eukaryote_generator` β€” Eukaryote Genomes
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- **Source:** [GenerTeam/pretrain_data_eukaryote](https://huggingface.co/datasets/GenerTeam/pretrain_data_eukaryote) Β· MIT License
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- **What it contains:** Genomic sequences from eukaryotic organisms (fungi, plants, animals, and more), packaged by the GenerTeam as part of their [GENERATOR](https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.07272) genomic foundation model. This is the main part is Carbon training data, which is focused on Eukaryote species. Each row carries full taxonomic metadata, gene type, strand orientation, and chromosome coordinates alongside the raw sequence.
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  We filter out sequences longer than 100 kbp, as excluding them improves training performance on DNA donwstream benchmarks. For long-context training, you can concatenate genes from the same contig to build longer samples.
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- **Schema:**
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- ```
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- begin_of_sequence bool β€” special boundary marker
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- end_of_sequence bool β€” special boundary marker
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- begin_of_gene bool β€” marks gene start
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- end_of_gene bool β€” marks gene end
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- gene_type str β€” e.g. "protein_coding", "ncRNA", "pseudogene"
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- species_type str β€” e.g. "fungi", "plant", "vertebrate"
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- strand str β€” "+" or "-" (which DNA strand)
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- sequence str β€” the raw nucleotide string (A/T/G/C/N...)
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- molecule_type str β€” e.g. "genomic DNA"
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- topology str β€” "linear" or "circular"
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- taxonomy str β€” full NCBI taxonomy lineage
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- record_id str β€” upstream GenBank/RefSeq accession
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- start int β€” coordinate start on chromosome
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- end int β€” coordinate end on chromosome
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- ```
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-
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- **Example row (sequence truncated):**
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  ```json
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  {
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  "species_type": "fungi",
@@ -131,42 +113,24 @@ end int β€” coordinate end on chromosome
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  ### 2. `mrna_evo2` β€” Messenger RNA Sequences
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- **Source:** [arcinstitute/opengenome2](https://huggingface.co/datasets/arcinstitute/opengenome2) Β· Apache-2.0 License Β· `mrna` split
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-
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- **What it contains:** Processed mRNA sequences β€” the "final edited" version of a gene after the cell has removed introns (non-coding interruptions) and kept only the exons. This is the sequence that gets read to produce protein. These sequences are shorter and more information-dense than raw genomic DNA.
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- **Schema:**
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- ```
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- text str β€” the raw nucleotide sequence
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- metadata dict β€” {"source": "data_mrna_train_chunk1.jsonl.gz", "record": "..."}
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- ```
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-
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- **Stats:** 52.7 M rows Β· mean 2,200 nt Β· min 64 nt Β· max ~100 K nt Β· 115.9 Gbp total
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  ### 3. `mrna_splice_evo2` β€” Augmented mRNA Transcripts
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- **Source:** [arcinstitute/opengenome2](https://huggingface.co/datasets/arcinstitute/opengenome2) Β· Apache-2.0 Β· `mrna_splice_promoter` split
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- **What it contains:** The same mRNA transcripts as `mrna_evo2`, with augmentations applied by the Evo2 team: each transcript gets an extra 1,024 bp of upstream promoter sequence prepended, and an extra 32 bp of flanking sequence around each exon boundary to expose splice sites. The resulting exon chunks are concatenated with a special `@` separator into a single stitched sequence per transcript.
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  Sequences here are systematically longer than `mrna_evo2` β€” the extra promoter and splice flanks are the only difference, not a different set of genes.
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- **Stats:** 56.9 M rows Β· mean 3,470 nt Β· min 96 nt Β· max ~122 K nt Β· 197.4 Gbp total
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-
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  ### 4. `prokaryote_evo2` β€” Prokaryote Genomes
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- **Upstream:** [arcinstitute/opengenome2](https://huggingface.co/datasets/arcinstitute/opengenome2) Β· Apache-2.0 License Β· `gtdb_v220_imgpr` split
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- **What it contains:** Long chromosomal chunks from bacteria and archaea, sourced from [GTDB v220](https://gtdb.ecogenomic.org/) (a curated taxonomy of ~85 K prokaryote genomes) and [IMG/PR](https://img.jgi.doe.gov/) (a DOE database of environmental prokaryote sequences). Prokaryote genomes are compact β€” genes sit back-to-back with minimal intergenic space β€” so these sequences are biologically rich per nucleotide.
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-
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- **Schema:** identical to the mRNA subsets
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- ```
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- text str β€” nucleotide sequence (can be megabases long)
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- metadata dict β€” {"source": "gtdb_..._train_chunk1.jsonl.gz", "record": "GCF_..."}
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- ```
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-
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- **Stats:** 17.4 M rows Β· mean 20,533 nt Β· min 20 nt Β· **max ~16 M nt** Β· 357.5 Gbp total
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  ## βš—οΈ Carbon Training Mixture
@@ -200,3 +164,14 @@ In Carbon we added optional metadata tags to a fraction of eukaryote sequences,
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  ```
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  At inference time you can prompt with any combination of tags or none at all. The three OpenGenome2 subsets are tokenized as plain `<dna>SEQUENCE</dna>` without metadata conditioning.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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  ### 1. `eukaryote_generator` β€” Eukaryote Genomes
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+ **Source:** [GenerTeam/pretrain_data_eukaryote](https://huggingface.co/datasets/GenerTeam/pretrain_data_eukaryote)
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+ Genomic sequences from eukaryotic organisms (fungi, plants, animals, and more), packaged by the GenerTeam as part of their [GENERator](https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.07272) genomic foundation model. This is the main part is Carbon training data, which is focused on Eukaryote species. Each row carries full taxonomic metadata, gene type, strand orientation, and chromosome coordinates alongside the raw sequence.
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  We filter out sequences longer than 100 kbp, as excluding them improves training performance on DNA donwstream benchmarks. For long-context training, you can concatenate genes from the same contig to build longer samples.
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+ **Example row:**
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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  ```json
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  {
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  "species_type": "fungi",
 
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  ### 2. `mrna_evo2` β€” Messenger RNA Sequences
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+ **Source:** [arcinstitute/opengenome2](https://huggingface.co/datasets/arcinstitute/opengenome2) (`mrna` split)
 
 
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+ Processed mRNA sequences β€” the "final edited" version of a gene after the cell has removed introns (non-coding interruptions) and kept only the exons. This is the sequence that gets read to produce protein. These sequences are shorter and more information-dense than raw genomic DNA.
 
 
 
 
 
 
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  ### 3. `mrna_splice_evo2` β€” Augmented mRNA Transcripts
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+ **Source:** [arcinstitute/opengenome2](https://huggingface.co/datasets/arcinstitute/opengenome2) (`mrna_splice_promoter`)
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+ The same mRNA transcripts as `mrna_evo2`, with augmentations applied by the Evo2 team: each transcript gets an extra 1,024 bp of upstream promoter sequence prepended, and an extra 32 bp of flanking sequence around each exon boundary to expose splice sites. The resulting exon chunks are concatenated with a special `@` separator into a single stitched sequence per transcript.
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  Sequences here are systematically longer than `mrna_evo2` β€” the extra promoter and splice flanks are the only difference, not a different set of genes.
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  ### 4. `prokaryote_evo2` β€” Prokaryote Genomes
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+ **Upstream:** [arcinstitute/opengenome2](https://huggingface.co/datasets/arcinstitute/opengenome2) (`gtdb_v220_imgpr` split)
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+ Long chromosomal chunks from bacteria and archaea, sourced from [GTDB v220](https://gtdb.ecogenomic.org/) (a curated taxonomy of ~85 K prokaryote genomes) and [IMG/PR](https://img.jgi.doe.gov/) (a DOE database of environmental prokaryote sequences). Prokaryote genomes are compact β€” genes sit back-to-back with minimal intergenic space β€” so these sequences are biologically rich per nucleotide.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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  ## βš—οΈ Carbon Training Mixture
 
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  ```
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  At inference time you can prompt with any combination of tags or none at all. The three OpenGenome2 subsets are tokenized as plain `<dna>SEQUENCE</dna>` without metadata conditioning.
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+
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+ ## License
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+
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+ This dataset is a mirror of two upstream sources with different permissive licenses:
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+
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+ | Subset | License | Upstream |
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+ |---|---|---|
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+ | `eukaryote_generator` | [MIT](https://huggingface.co/datasets/GenerTeam/pretrain_data_eukaryote) | GenerTeam/pretrain_data_eukaryote |
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+ | `mrna_evo2` | [Apache-2.0](https://huggingface.co/datasets/arcinstitute/opengenome2) | arcinstitute/opengenome2 |
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+ | `mrna_splice_evo2` | [Apache-2.0](https://huggingface.co/datasets/arcinstitute/opengenome2) | arcinstitute/opengenome2 |
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+ | `prokaryote_evo2` | [Apache-2.0](https://huggingface.co/datasets/arcinstitute/opengenome2) | arcinstitute/opengenome2 |