diff --git "a/OE_TO_maths_zh_CEE.tsv" "b/OE_TO_maths_zh_CEE.tsv" new file mode 100644--- /dev/null +++ "b/OE_TO_maths_zh_CEE.tsv" @@ -0,0 +1,4174 @@ +id question solution final_answer context image modality difficulty is_multiple_answer unit answer_type error question_type subfield subject language +0 "$已知函数f(x)=e^{x}(e^{x}-a)-a^{2}x.$ +$若f(x)\geq 0,求a的取值范围.$" ['$①若a=0,则f(x)=e^{2x}>0,满足题意.$\n$②若a>0,则由(1)得,当x=ln a时,f(x)取得最小值,最小值为f(ln a)=-a^{2}ln a,从而当且仅当-a^2ln a\\geq 0,即0 0,$\n\n$\\therefore 当 x \\ge 0 时,g'(x) > 0,$\n\n$\\therefore 函数 g(x) 在 [0, +\\infty) 上单调递增.$\n\n""]" ['[0, +\\infty)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +2 "$已知函数f(x)=\ln x+\frac{a}{x}-x$ +$当a=-2时,若f(x)在(0,\sqrt{m})上存在最大值,求m的取值范围;$" "[""$当a=-2时,f(x)=\\ln x - \\frac{2}{x} - x,所以f'(x)=\\frac{1}{x} + \\frac{2}{x^2} - 1= \\frac{-x^2+x+2}{x^2} = -\\frac{(x-2)(x+1)}{x^2},$\n\n$因为函数f(x)=\\ln x - \\frac{2}{x} - x的定义域为(0,+\\infty ),$\n\n$所以当x>2时,f'(x)<0,f(x)单调递减,$\n\n$当00,f(x)单调递增,所以当x=2时,函数有最大值,$\n\n$因此要想f(x)在(0,\\sqrt{m})上存在最大值,只需\\sqrt{m}>2,解得m>4,$\n\n$所以m的取值范围为(4,+\\infty ).$""]" ['$(4,+\\infty)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +3 "$已知函数f(x)=\ln x+\frac{a}{x}-x$ +$当a\in \left(0,\frac{1}{4}\right)时,求f(x)极值点的个数.$" "[""$易得f'(x)=\\frac{1}{x}-\\frac{a}{x^2}-1=-\\frac{x^2-x+a}{x^2},$\n$令x^2-x+a=0,则\\Delta =(-1)^2-4a=1-4a.$\n$①当\\Delta <0,即1-4a<0时,解得a>\\frac{1}{4},此时方程x^2-x+a=0没有实数根,$\n$所以f'(x)<0,函数f(x)单调递减,函数f(x)没有极值点;$\n$②当\\Delta =0,即1-4a=0时,解得a=\\frac{1}{4},$\n$此时f'(x)=-\\frac{\\left(x-\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^2}{x^2}\\leq 0\\left(当x=\\frac{1}{2}时取等号\\right),所以函数f(x)单调递减,故函数f(x)没有极值点;$\n$③当\\Delta >0,即1-4a>0,即a<\\frac{1}{4}时,方程x^2-x+a=0有两个不相等的实数根,$\n$不妨设两个实数根为x_1,x_2,且x_10时,方程有两个不相等的正实数根,$\n$则当x\\in (0,x_1)时,f'(x)<0,函数f(x)单调递减,当x\\in (x_1,x_2)时,f'(x)>0,函数f(x)单调递增,当x\\in (x_2,+\\infty )时,f'(x)<0,函数f(x)单调递减,$\n$因此x=x_1时,函数有极小值点,x=x_2时,函数有极大值点,$\n$所以当a\\in \\left(0,\\frac{1}{4}\\right)时,函数有两个极值点,$\n$当x_1\\cdot x_2=a\\leq 0时,方程有一个正实数根和一个负实数根,或有一个正实数根和一个零根,$\n$则当x\\in (0,x_2)时,f'(x)>0,函数f(x)单调递增,当x\\in (x_2,+\\infty )时,f'(x)<0,函数f(x)单调递减,所以x=x_2时,函数有极大值点,$\n$因此a\\in (-\\infty ,0]时,函数有一个极值点.$\n$综上所述,当a\\in (-\\infty ,0]时,函数有一个极值点;$\n$当a\\in \\left(0,\\frac{1}{4}\\right)时,函数有两个极值点;$\n$当a\\in \\left[\\frac{1}{4},+\\infty \\right)时,函数没有极值点.$\n\n""]" ['2'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +4 "$已知函数f(x) = x^2 - 2x + aln(x) (a>0).$ +$若函数f(x)有两个极值点x_1、x_2(x_10).$\n$令 f'(x)=0,得 2x^2-2x+a=0,因为函数 f(x) 在(0,+\\infty )上有两个极值点,$\n$所以 \\Delta=4-8a>0,即 a<\\frac{1}{2},因为 a>0,所以 0frac{1}{2}<1 ,$\n$由 f(x_{1})\\geq mx_{2} 恒成立得 m\\leq \\frac{f(x_1)}{x_2} 恒成立,\\frac{f(x_1)}{x_2}=\\frac{x_{1}^2-2x_{1}+a\\ln x_{1}}{x_{2}}=\\frac{x_{1}^2-2x_{1}+(2x_{1}-2x_{1}^2)\\ln x_{1}}{x_{2}}=1-x_{1}+\\frac{1}{x_{1}-1}+2x_1ln x_{1},$\n$令 h(x)=1-x+\\frac{1}{x-1}+2x \\ln x (0h(\\frac{1}{2})=-\\frac{3}{2}-\\ln 2,即 \\frac{f(x_1)}{x_{2}} >-\\frac{3}{2}-\\ln 2,故实数 m 的取值范围是 (-\\infty ,-\\frac{3}{2}-\\ln 2] .$""]" ['$(-\\infty ,-\\frac{3}{2}-\\ln 2]$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +5 "$已知函数f(x)=ln x+\frac{x-1}{x}-a(x-1)(a\in R).$ +$当a=2时,求函数f(x)的减区间;$" "[""$函数f(x)的定义域为(0,+\\infty ),当a=2时,f(x)=ln x+\\frac{x-1}{x}-2(x-1), $\n$f'(x)=\\frac{1}{x}+\\frac{1}{x^2}-2=\\frac{-2x^2+x+1}{x^2}=\\frac{-(2x+1)(x-1)}{x^2}, $\n当00,当x>1时,f'(x)<0, \n所以函数f(x)的增区间是(0,1),减区间是(1,+\\infty ).\n\n""]" ['(1,+\\infty )'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +6 "$已知函数f(x)=e^{x}(1+a\ln x).$ +$当f(x)有两个极值点时,求a的取值范围;$" "[""$易得f(x)=e^{x}(1+a\\ln x)的定义域为(0,+\\infty ),$\n\n$当a=0时,f(x)=e^{x},其在定义域上单调递增,故无极值点,不符合要求;$\n\n$当a\\neq 0时,f'(x)=e^{x}(1+a\\ln x)+e^{x}\\cdot \\frac{a}{x}=e^{x}\\left(1+a\\ln x+\\frac{a}{x}\\right),$\n\n$令g(x)=1+a\\ln x+\\frac{a}{x},x>0,$\n\n$则f(x)有两个极值点等价于g(x)=1+a\\ln x+\\frac{a}{x},x>0有两个极值点,$\n\n$易得g'(x)=\\frac{a}{x}-\\frac{a}{x^{2}}=\\frac{a(x-1)}{x^{2}},$\n\n$若a>0,则当x>1时,g'(x)>0,g(x)单调递增,$\n\n$当00,$\n\n$故g(x)>0恒成立,f'(x)>0恒成立,所以f(x)单调递增,故不满足有两个极值点,舍去;$\n\n$若a<0,则当x>1时,g'(x)<0,g(x)单调递减,$\n\n$当00,g(x)单调递增,$\n\n$所以g(x)在x=1处取得极大值,且g(1)=1+a,$\n\n$当1+a<0,即a<-1时,g(x)<0恒成立,则f'(x)<0恒成立,所以f(x)单调递减,不满足有两个极值点,舍去;$\n\n$当1+a>0,即-11,01,则h'(x)=e^{x}-2,当x>1时,h'(x)>0,所以h(x)=e^{x}-2x在(1,+\\infty )上为增函数,$\n\n$所以h(x)>h(1)=e-2>0,所以h\\left(-\\frac{1}{a}\\right)=e^{-\\frac{1}{a}}-2\\left(-\\frac{1}{a}\\right)>0,即e^{-\\frac{1}{a}}>\\frac{2}{a},$\n\n$所以ae^{-\\frac{1}{a}}<-2,g(e^\\frac{1}{a})=2+ae^{-\\frac{1}{a}}<0,$\n\n$所以g(x)在区间(0,1)内存在一个零点,记为m,$\n\n$又g(e^\\frac{1}{a})=ae^\\frac{1}{a}<0,所以g(x)在区间(1,+\\infty )上存在一个零点,记为n,$\n\n$所以f(x)在(0,m),(n,+\\infty )上单调递减,在(m,n)上单调递增,$\n\n$所以m为f(x)的极小值点,n为f(x)的极大值点,此时符合题意.$\n\n$综上,a\\in (-1,0).$""]" ['(-1,0)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +7 "$设函数f(x)=e^{mx}+x^2-mx$ +$若对于任意x_1,x_2 \in [-1,1],都有|f(x_1)-f(x_2)|\leq e-1,求m的取值范围.$" "[""$由(1)知,对任意的 m,f(x) 在[-1,0]单调递减,在[0,1]单调递增,所以对于任意 x_1, x_2 \\in [-1,1],|f(x_1)-f(x_2)| \\leq e-1 等价于$\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}f(1)-f(0)\\leq \\mathrm{e}-1,\\\\ f(-1)-f(0)\\leq \\mathrm{e}-1,\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n即\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}\\mathrm{e}^m-m\\leq \\mathrm{e}-1,\\\\ \\mathrm{e}^{-m}+m\\leq \\mathrm{e}-1\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n$设函数 g(t) = e^t - t - e + 1,则 g' (t) = e^t - 1。当 t<0 时,g' (t) < 0;当 t>0 时,g' (t) > 0。故 g(t) 在 (-\\infty ,0) 单调递减,在 (0,+\\infty ) 单调递增。又 g(1) = 0,g(-1) = e^{-1} +2 - e < 0,故当 t \\in [-1,1] 时,g(t) \\leq 0。所以当 m \\in [-1,1] 时,g(m) \\leq 0,g(-m) \\leq 0,即①式成立。当 m > 1 时,g(m) > 0,即 e^m - m > e-1,不满足题意;当 m < -1 时,g(-m) > 0,即 e^{-m} + m > e-1,不满足题意。综上,m 的取值范围是[-1,1]。$""]" ['$[-1,1]$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +8 "$已知实数a\neq 0,设函数f(x)=a\ln x + \sqrt{1+x}, x>0.$ +$当a = -\frac{3}{4}时,求函数f(x)的单调递减区间;$" "[""$当a=-3/4时,f(x)=-3/4 ln x+ \\sqrt{1+x},x>0.$\n$f'(x)=-3/4x+ \\frac{1}{2\\sqrt{1+x}} = \\frac{(\\sqrt{1+x}-2)(2\\sqrt{1+x}+1)}{4x\\sqrt{1+x}},$\n$所以函数f(x)的单调递减区间为(0,3),单调递增区间为(3,+\\infty )。$\n\n""]" ['(0,3)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +9 "$已知实数a\neq 0,设函数f(x)=a\ln x + \sqrt{1+x}, x>0.$ +$对任意x\in [\frac{1}{e^2},+\infty)均有f(x)\leq \frac{\sqrt{x}}{2a},求a的取值范围.注:e=2.718 28\ldots 为自然对数的底数.$" "[""$由f(1)\\leq \\frac{1}{2a},得0< a \\leq \\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{4}. $\n\n$当0< a \\leq \\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{4}时,f(x)\\leq \\frac{\\sqrt{x}}{2a}等价于\\frac{\\sqrt{x}}{a^2}-\\frac{2\\sqrt{1+x}}{a}-2ln x \\geq 0. $\n\n$令t=\\frac{1}{a},则t \\geq 2\\sqrt{2}. $\n\n$设g(t)=t^2 \\sqrt{x}-2t\\sqrt{1+x}-2ln x, t \\geq 2\\sqrt{2}, $\n\n$则g(t)=\\sqrt{x}(t-\\sqrt{1+\\frac{1}{x}})^2-\\frac{1+x}{\\sqrt{x}}-2ln x. $\n\n$(i)当x\\in \\left[\\frac{1}{7},+\\infty \\right)时,\\sqrt{1+\\frac{1}{x}} \\leq 2\\sqrt{2}, $\n\n$则g(t)\\geq g(2\\sqrt{2})=8\\sqrt{x}-4\\sqrt{2}\\sqrt{1+x}-2ln x. $\n\n$记p(x)=4\\sqrt{x}-2\\sqrt{2}\\sqrt{1+x}-ln x,x \\geq \\frac{1}{7}, $\n\n$则p'(x)=\\frac{2}{\\sqrt{x}}-\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{\\sqrt{x+1}}-\\frac{1}{x}=\\frac{2\\sqrt{x}\\sqrt{x+1}-\\sqrt{2}x-\\sqrt{x+1}}{x\\sqrt{x+1}} $\n\n$=\\frac{(x-1)[1+\\sqrt{x}(\\sqrt{2x+2}-1)]}{x\\sqrt{x+1}(\\sqrt{x}+1)(\\sqrt{x+1}+\\sqrt{2x})}. $\n\n$当x变化时,p'(x),p(x)的变化如下表:$\n\n|x|$\\frac{1}{7}$|$(\\frac{1}{7},1)$|1|$(1,+\\infty )$|\n| ------- |:-----------:|:-----------:|:-------:|:-------:|\n|p'(x) | | - | 0 | + |\n|p(x) |$p(\\frac{1}{7})$ |单调递增|极小值p(1)|单调递减|\n\n$所以p(x)\\geq p(1)=0. $\n\n$因此,g(t)\\geq g(2\\sqrt{2})=2p(x)\\geq 0. $\n\n$(ii)当x\\in \\left[\\frac{1}{\\mathrm{e}^2},\\frac{1}{7}\\right)时, $\n\n$g(t)\\geq g\\left(\\sqrt{1+\\frac{1}{x}}\\right)= \\frac{-2\\sqrt{x}\\mathrm{ln} x-(x+1)}{2\\sqrt{x}}. $\n\n$令q(x)=2\\sqrt{x}ln x+(x+1),x\\in \\left[\\frac{1}{\\mathrm{e}^2},\\frac{1}{7}\\right], $\n\n$则q'(x)=\\frac{\\mathrm{ln} x+2}{\\sqrt{x}}+1>0,故q(x)在\\left[\\frac{1}{\\mathrm{e}^2},\\frac{1}{7}\\right]上单调递增, $\n\n$所以q(x)\\leq q\\left(\\frac{1}{7}\\right). $\n\n$由(i)得,q\\left(\\frac{1}{7}\\right)=-\\frac{2\\sqrt{7}}{7} p\\left(\\frac{1}{7}\\right)< -\\frac{2\\sqrt{7}}{7} p(1)=0. $\n\n$所以q(x)< 0. $\n\n$因此,g(t)\\geq g\\left(\\sqrt{1+\\frac{1}{x}}\\right)= -\\frac{q(x)}{2\\sqrt{x}}> 0. $\n\n$由(i)(ii)知对任意x\\in \\left[\\frac{1}{\\mathrm{e}^2},+\\infty \\right), t\\in [2\\sqrt{2},+\\infty ), g(t)\\geq 0,即对任意x\\in \\left[\\frac{1}{\\mathrm{e}^2},+\\infty \\right),均有f(x)\\leq \\frac{\\sqrt{x}}{2a}. $\n\n$综上所述,所求a的取值范围是\\left(0,\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{4}\\right].$\n\n""]" ['\\left(0,\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{4}\\right]'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +10 "$已知a>0,函数f(x)=ax-xe^{x}。$ +$若存在a,使得f(x) \leq a + b对任意x \in \mathbf{R}成立,求实数b的取值范围.$" "[""$由(2)知 f(x)_{max}=f(m),$\n$此时 a=(1+m)e^{m}(m>-1),$\n$\\therefore [f(x)-a]_{max}=f(m)-a=(1+m)e^{m}\\cdot m-me^{m}-(1+m)e^{m}$\n$=(m^{2}-m-1)e^{m}(m>-1),$\n$令 h(x)=(x^{2}-x-1)e^{x}(x >-1),$\n$存在 a,使得f(x)\\leq a+b 对任意 x\\in R 成立,等价于存在 x\\in (-1,+\\infty ),使得 h(x)\\leq b 成立,$\n$即 b\\geq h(x)_{min},$\n$而 h'(x)=(x^{2}+x-2)e^{x}=(x-1)(x+2)e^{x}(x>-1),$\n$当 x\\in (-1,1)时,h'(x)<0,h(x)单调递减,$\n$当 x\\in (1,+\\infty )时,h'(x)>0,h(x)单调递增,$\n$\\therefore h(x)_{min}=h(1)=-e,\\therefore b\\geq -e.$\n$综上, b\\in [-e,+\\infty ).$""]" ['[-e,+\\infty )'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +11 "$已知函数f(x) = \\sin ^2x\\sin 2x.$ +$求f(x)的单调递减区间;$" "[""$f '(x)= \\\\cos x(\\\\sin x \\\\sin 2x)+ \\\\sin x(\\\\sin x \\\\sin 2x)'$\n\n$=2 \\\\sin x \\\\cos x \\\\sin 2x+2 \\\\sin ^2x \\\\cos 2x$\n\n$=2 \\\\sin x \\\\sin 3x.$\n\n$当x\\in (0,\\frac{\\pi }{3})\\cup (\\frac{2\\pi }{3},\\pi)时, f '(x)>0;$\n\n$当x\\in (\\frac{\\pi }{3},\\frac{2\\pi }{3})时,f '(x)<0. $\n\n$所以 f(x) 在区间(0,\\frac{\\pi }{3}),(\\frac{2\\pi }{3},\\pi)单调递增,在区间 (\\frac{\\pi }{3},\\frac{2\\pi }{3})单调递减.$\n\n""]" ['(\\frac{\\pi }{3},\\frac{2\\pi }{3})'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +12 "$设函数f(x)=e^{x}cos x,g(x)为f(x)的导函数.设k为任意正整数(答案可用含k的区间表示)$ +$求f(x)的单调递减区间;$" "[""$由已知,有f'(x)=e^{x}(cosx-sinx).$\n\n$因此当x\\in (2k\\pi +\\frac{\\pi }{4},2k\\pi +\\frac{5\\pi }{4})(k\\in Z)时,有sinx>cosx,$\n\n$得f'(x)<0,则f(x)单调递减;$\n\n$当x\\in (2k\\pi -\\frac{3\\pi }{4},2k\\pi +\\frac{\\pi }{4})(k\\in Z)时,有sinx0,则f(x)单调递增.$\n\n$所以 f(x)的单调递增区间为[2k\\pi -\\frac{3\\pi }{4},2k\\pi +\\frac{\\pi }{4}](k\\in Z), f(x)的单调递减区间为[2k\\pi +\\frac{\\pi }{4},2k\\pi +\\frac{5\\pi }{4}](k\\in Z).$\n\n""]" ['[2k\\pi +\\frac{\\pi }{4},2k\\pi +\\frac{5\\pi }{4}]'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +13 "$已知函数f(x)=-2x^2+\frac{1+\ln x}{x}, g(x)=e^{2x}-2x^2-a.$ +$若不等式g(x) \geq f(x)在(0,+\infty )恒成立,求a的取值范围.$" "[""$不等式 g(x) \\geq f(x) 在 (0,+\\infty ) 恒成立,即 e^{2x} - \\frac{1+\\mathrm{ln} x}{x} \\geq a 恒成立,$\n$令 h(x) = e^{2x} - \\frac{1+\\mathrm{ln} x}{x} ,则 h'(x) = 2e^{2x} + \\frac{\\mathrm{ln} x}{x^2} = \\frac{2x^2\\mathrm{e}^{2x}+\\mathrm{ln} x}{x^2},$\n$令 \\phi(x) = 2x^2e^{2x}+\\mathrm{ln} x , 则 \\phi'(x) = 4x(1+x)e^{2x} + \\frac{1}{x} > 0, x \\in (0,+\\infty ),$\n$所以 \\phi(x) 在区间 (0,+\\infty ) 为增函数,$\n$又 \\phi(e^{-2}) = \\frac{2e^{2e^{-2}}}{e^4} -2 < 0, \\phi(1) = 2e^2 > 0,$\n$所以存在 x_0 \\in (e^{-2},1) ,满足 \\phi(x_0) = 2x_0^2e^{2x_0}+\\mathrm{ln} x_0 = 0,$\n$则当 x \\in (0,x_0) 时, h'(x) < 0, h(x) 为减函数,$\n$x \\in (x_0,+\\infty ) 时, h'(x) > 0, h(x) 为增函数,$\n$所以 h(x)_{min} = h(x_0) = e^{2x_0} - \\frac{1+\\mathrm{ln} x_0}{x_0},$\n$由 \\phi(x_0) = 2x_0^2e^{2x_0} + \\mathrm{ln} x_0 = 0,$\n$得 2x_0e^{2x_0} + \\frac{\\mathrm{ln} x_0}{x_0} = 0, 2x_0e^{2x_0} = -\\frac{\\mathrm{ln} x_0}{x_0} = \\ln \\frac{1}{x_0} e^{\\ln \\frac{1}{x_0}}.$\n$又 y = xe^x 在 (0,+\\infty ) 为增函数,$\n$所以 2x_0 = \\ln \\frac{1}{x_0}, 所以 e^{2x_0} = \\frac{1}{x_0},$\n$所以 h(x)_{min} = h(x_0) = 2, 因此 a \\leq 2.$""]" ['(-\\infty,2]'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +14 "$已知函数f(x)=e^{x}+\\sin x - \\cos x - ax.$ +$若函数f(x)在[0,+\infty )上单调递增,求实数a的取值范围;$" "[""$f '(x)=e^{x}+\\cos x+\\sin x-a. $\n$因为函数f(x) 在[0,+\\infty )上单调递增, $\n$所以f '(x)=e^{x}+\\cos x+\\sin x-a \\geq 0, $\n$即a \\leq e^{x}+\\cos x+\\sin x对任意x\\in [0,+\\infty )恒成立. $\n$设h(x)=e^{x}+\\cos x+\\sin x, $\n$则h'(x)=e^{x}-\\sin x+\\cos x=e^{x}-\\sqrt{2}\\sin \\left(x-\\frac{\\pi}{4}\\right). $\n$当0\\leq x < \\frac{\\pi}{2} 时,h'(x)=e^{x}-\\sqrt{2}\\sin \\left(x-\\frac{\\pi }{4}\\right)>1-1=0, $\n$当x \\geq \\frac{\\pi}{2} 时,h'(x) > e^{\\frac{\\pi}{2}}-\\sqrt{2}>e-\\sqrt{2}>0, $\n$所以函数h(x)=e^{x}+\\cos x+\\sin x 在[0,+\\infty )上单调递增, $\n$所以a\\leq h_{min}=h(0)=2.$""]" ['(-\\infty,2]'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +15 "$已知函数f(x)=2e^{x}\\sin x - ax。 (e是自然对数的底数)$ +设k为任意正整数(答案可用含k的区间表示) +$若a=0,求f(x)的单调递增区间;$" "[""$当a=0时,f(x)=2e^{x}sin x,则f'(x)=2e^{x}\\cdot (\\sin x+\\cos x)=2\\sqrt{2}e^{x}sin\\left(x+\\frac{\\pi}{4}\\right),$\n\n$由f'(x)>0,即sin\\left(x+\\frac{\\pi}{4}\\right)>0,解得2k\\pi 0)。$\n$当 a\\geq 0 时,f'(x)<0,f(x) 在 (0,+\\infty ) 上为减函数。$\n$当 a<0 时,$\n$由 f' (x)>0 得 0\\sqrt{-a}, 所以 f(x) 在 (\\sqrt{-a},+\\infty ) 上为减函数.$\n\n""]" ['(\\sqrt{-a},+\\infty )'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +17 "$已知函数f(x)=e^{x}-2a\sqrt{x} (a>0).$ +$若a=e,求f(x)的单调递增区间;$" "[""$f(x)= e^x -2a\\sqrt{x}(a>0)的定义域为(0,+\\infty ),f'(x)=e^x -\\frac{a}{\\sqrt{x}}.$\n\n$当a=e时,f'(x)=e^x -\\frac{e}{\\sqrt{x}},令f'(x)=0,则x=1,$\n\n$当01时,f'(x)>0,$\n\n$所以f(x)在(0,1)上单调递减,在(1,+\\infty )上单调递增.$\n\n""]" ['(1,+\\infty )'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +18 "$已知函数f(x)=2lnx-x+\frac{a}{x}.$ +$当a=\frac{3}{4}时,求f(x)的单调增区间;$" "[""$f'(x) =\\frac{2}{x} -1-\\frac{a}{x^2}=\\frac{-x^2+2x-a}{x^2} (x > 0),$\n\n$当a =\\frac{3}{4}时,f'(x) =\\frac{-x^2+2x-\\frac{3}{4}}{x^2} =-\\frac{4x^2-8x+3}{4x^2} =-\\frac{(2x-1)(2x-3)}{4x^2}.$\n\n$令f '(x) > 0,得 \\frac{1}{2} < x < \\frac{3}{2};令f '(x) < 0,得 0 < x < \\frac{1}{2}或 x > \\frac{3}{2}.$\n\n$所以f(x)的单调增区间为\\left(\\frac{1}{2},\\frac{3}{2}\\right),单调减区间为\\left(0,\\frac{1}{2}\\right),\\left(\\frac{3}{2},+\\infty \\right).$\n\n""]" ['\\left(\\frac{1}{2},\\frac{3}{2}\\right)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +19 "$已知函数f(x) = \frac{1+\mathrm{ln} x}{x}。$ +$若关于x的方程 \ln x=xe^x-e^{x^2}+kx-1 有实数根,求实数k的取值范围。$" "[""$依题意,得ln x=xe^{x}-ex^2+kx-1\\Leftrightarrow k=\\frac{1+\\mathrm{ln} x}{x}+(ex-e^{x}),令g(x)=\\frac{1+\\mathrm{ln} x}{x}+(ex-e^{x}),则g'(x)=\\frac{-\\mathrm{ln} x}{x^2}+(e-e^{x}),$\n\n$当x\\in (0,1)时,g'(x)>0,当x\\in (1,+\\infty )时,g'(x)<0,所以g(x)在(0,1)上单调递增,在(1,+\\infty )上单调递减,即g(x)_{max}=g(1)=1,又当x\\rightarrow +\\infty 时,g(x)\\rightarrow -\\infty ,因此g(x)的值域是(-\\infty ,1],所以实数k的取值范围是k\\leq 1.$""]" ['(-\\infty,1]'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +20 "$在心理学研究中,常采用对比试验的方法评价不同心理暗示对人的影响,具体方法如下:将参加试验的志愿者随机分成两组,一组接受甲种心理暗示,另一组接受乙种心理暗示,通过对比这两组志愿者接受心理暗示后的结果来评价两种心理暗示的作用.现有6名男志愿者A_1,A_2,A_3,A_4,A_5,A_6和4名女志愿者B_1,B_2,B_3,B_4,从中随机抽取5人接受甲种心理暗示,另5人接受乙种心理暗示.$ +$用X表示接受乙种心理暗示的女志愿者人数,求X的数学期望E(X)。$" ['$由题意知 X 可取的值为0,1,2,3,4,则 P(X=0)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^5_6}{\\mathrm{C}^5_{10}}= \\frac{1}{42},P(X=1)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^4_6\\mathrm{C}^1_4}{\\mathrm{C}^5_{10}}= \\frac{5}{21}, P(X=2)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^3_6\\mathrm{C}^2_4}{\\mathrm{C}^5_{10}}= \\frac{10}{21} ,$\n$P(X=3)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^2_6\\mathrm{C}^3_4}{\\mathrm{C}^5_{10}}= \\frac{5}{21},P(X=4)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_6\\mathrm{C}^4_4}{\\mathrm{C}^5_{10}}= \\frac{1}{42} . 因此X的分布列为$\n\n| X | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n|$P$|$\\frac{1}{42}$|$\\frac{5}{21}$|$\\frac{10}{21}$|$\\frac{5}{21} $|$\\frac{1}{42}$|\n\n$X的数学期望是E(X)=0+1\\times \\frac{5}{21}+2\\times \\frac{10}{21}+3\\times \\frac{5}{21}+4\\times \\frac{1}{42}=2. $\n\n'] ['$2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +21 "$平面直角坐标系内有一定点F(-1,0),定直线l:x=-5,设动点P到定直线的距离为d,且满足\frac{|PF|}{d}=\frac{\sqrt{5}}{5}。$ +$直线m:y=kx-3过定点Q,与动点P的轨迹交于不同的两点M,N,动点P的轨迹与y的负半轴交于A点,直线AM、AN分别交直线y=-3于点H、K,若|QH|+|QK|\leq 35,求k的取值范围.$" ['$设M(x_1,y_1),N(x_2,y_2),由(1)可得点A的坐标为(0,-2),故直线AM:y=\\frac{y_1+2}{x_1}x-2,令y=-3,则x_H=-\\frac{x_1}{y_1+2},同理x_K=-\\frac{x_2}{y_2+2}.$\n\n由\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\ny=kx-3,\\\\ \n4x^2+5y^2=20\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n$消去y得(4+5k^2)x^2-30kx+25=0,$\n\n$由\\Delta=900k^2-100(4+5k^2)>0,解得k<-1或k>1.$\n\n$由根与系数的关系得x_1+x_2=\\frac{30k}{4+5k^2},$\n$x_1x_2=\\frac{25}{4+5k^2},$\n\n$x_1x_2>0,$\n$|QH|+|QK|=|x_H+x_K| = \\left|\\frac{x_1}{y_1+2}+\\frac{x_2}{y_2+2}\\right|,$\n\n$= \\left|\\frac{x_1}{kx_1-1}+\\frac{x_2}{kx_2-1}\\right|$\n$= \\left|\\frac{2kx_1x_2-(x_1+x_2)}{k^2x_1x_2-k(x_1+x_2)+1}\\right|,$\n\n$= \\left|\\frac{\\frac{50k}{4+5k^2}-\\frac{30k}{4+5k^2}}{\\frac{25k^2}{4+5k^2}-\\frac{30k^2}{4+5k^2}+1}\\right|=5|k|,$\n\n$因为|QH|+|QK| \\leq 35,所以5|k| \\leq 35,即|k| \\leq 7.$\n\n$综上,-7 \\leq k <-1或1< k \\leq 7.$\n\n$所以k的取值范围是[-7,-1)\\cup (1,7].$'] ['$[-7,-1)\\cup (1,7]$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +22 "$已知抛物线C:x^2=2py (p>0)在点M(1, y_0)处的切线斜率为 \frac{1}{2}。$ +$若抛物线C上存在不同的两点关于直线l:y=2x+m对称,求实数m的取值范围.$" "[""$设抛物线C上关于直线l对称的两点为A(x_1,y_1),B(x_2,y_2),直线AB的方程为y=-\\frac{1}{2}x+t,由$\n\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}y=-\\frac{1}{2}x+t,\\\\ x^2=4y\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n\n$消去y并整理得x^2+2x-4t=0,则\\Delta '=4+16t>0,解得t>-\\frac{1}{4}.$\n\n$x_1+x_2=-2,y_1+y_2=-\\frac{1}{2}(x_1+x_2)+2t=2t+1,显然线段AB的中点$\n\n$\\left(-1,t+\\frac{1}{2}\\right)$\n\n$在直线l上,于是得t+\\frac{1}{2}=-2+m,即有t=m-\\frac{5}{2},而t>-\\frac{1}{4},因此,m-\\frac{5}{2}>-\\frac{1}{4},解得m>\\frac{9}{4},所以实数m的取值范围是$\n\n$\\left(\\frac{9}{4},+\\infty \\right).$\n\n""]" ['$\\left(\\frac{9}{4},+\\infty \\right)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Interval Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +23 "$已知椭圆E:\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)的一个顶点为A(0,-2),以椭圆E的四个顶点为顶点的四边形面积为4\sqrt{5}。$ +$过点P(0,-3)作斜率为k的直线与椭圆E交于不同的两点B,C,直线AB,AC分别与直线y=-3交于点M,N.当|PM|+|PN|\leq 15时,求k的取值范围.$" ['设B(x_1,y_1),C(x_2,y_2),\n由题意得直线l的方程为y+3=k(x-0),即y=kx-3,\n$将y=kx-3代入椭圆E的方程并化简得(4+5k^2)x^2-30kx+25=0,则x_1+x_2=\\frac{30k}{4+5k^2},x_1x_2=\\frac{25}{4+5k^2},$\n由\\Delta =(-30k)^2-4\\times 25(4+5k^2)>0,解得k<-1或k>1.\n$直线AB的方程为\\frac{y+2}{y_1+2}=\\frac{x-0}{x_1-0},$\n$令y=-3,解得x=-\\frac{x_1}{y_1+2},得M\\left(-\\frac{x_1}{y_1+2},-3\\right),$\n$同理可得N\\left(-\\frac{x_2}{y_2+2},-3\\right),所以|PM|+|PN|$\n$=\\left|\\frac{x_1}{y_1+2}\\right|+\\left|\\frac{x_2}{y_2+2}\\right|=\\left|\\frac{x_1(y_2+2)+x_2(y_1+2)}{(y_1+2)(y_2+2)}\\right|$\n$=\\left|\\frac{x_1(kx_2-1)+x_2(kx_1-1)}{[(kx_1-3)+2][(kx_2-3)+2]}\\right|$\n$=\\left|\\frac{2kx_1x_2-(x_1+x_2)}{(kx_1-1)(kx_2-1)}\\right|=\\left|\\frac{2kx_1x_2-(x_1+x_2)}{k^2x_1x_2-k(x_1+x_2)+1}\\right|$\n$=\\left|\\frac{2k \\cdot \\frac{25}{4+5k^2}-\\frac{30k}{4+5k^2}}{k^2 \\cdot \\frac{25}{4+5k^2}-k \\cdot \\frac{30k}{4+5k^2}+1}\\right|$\n$=\\left|\\frac{50k-30k}{25k^2-30k^2+4+5k^2}\\right|=|5k|\\leq 15,$\n解得$-3\\leq k\\leq 3.故k的取值范围为[-3,-1)\\cup (1,3].$'] ['$[-3,-1)\\cup (1,3]$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +24 "$已知椭圆C:\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)与直线x=-\sqrt{2}b有且只有一个交点,点P为椭圆C上任一点,P_1(-1,0),P_2(1,0),\overrightarrow{PP_1}\cdot \overrightarrow{PP_2}的最小值为\frac{a}{2}.$ +$设直线l:y=kx+m与椭圆C交于不同两点A,B,点O为坐标原点,且\overrightarrow{OM}=\frac{1}{2}(\overrightarrow{OA}+\overrightarrow{OB}),当\triangle AOB的面积S最大时,求T=\frac{1}{|MP_1|^2}-2|MP_2|的取值范围.$" "[""$设A(x_{1},y_{1}),B(x_{2},y_{2}),M(x_{0},y_{0}),$\n\n由\n\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x^2+2y^2=4,\\\\ y=kx+m\\end{matrix}\\right. $\n\n得 \n\n$(2k^2+1)x^2+4mkx+2m^2-4=0,$\n\n$所以x_{1}+x_{2}=-\\frac{4mk}{2k^2+1},$\n\n$x_{1}x_{2}=\\frac{2m^2-4}{2k^2+1}.$\n\n$点O到直线l:y=kx+m的距离d=\\frac{|m|}{\\sqrt{k^2+1}},$\n\n$所以S=\\frac{1}{2}\\cdot d\\cdot |AB|$\n\n$=\\frac{1}{2}\\cdot \\frac{|m|}{\\sqrt{k^2+1}}\\cdot \\sqrt{k^2+1}\\cdot \\sqrt{\\left(-\\frac{4mk}{2k^2+1}\\right)^2-4 \\cdot \\frac{2m^2-4}{2k^2+1}}$\n\n$=\\sqrt{2}\\cdot \\frac{\\sqrt{m^2(4k^2+2-m^2)}}{2k^2+1}\\leq\\sqrt{2}\\cdot \\frac{\\frac{m^2+(4k^2+2-m^2)}{2}}{2k^2+1}$\n\n$=\\sqrt{2},当且仅当m^2=4k^2+2-m^2,即m^2=2k^2+1时取等号.$\n\n$此时x_{0}=\\frac{x_1+x_2}{2}=-\\frac{2mk}{2k^2+1}=-\\frac{2k}{m},$\n\n$y_{0}=kx_{0}+m=-\\frac{2k^2}{m}+m=\\frac{1}{m},$\n\n$即m=\\frac{1}{y_0},k=-\\frac{m}{2}x_{0}=-\\frac{x_0}{2y_0},$\n\n$代入m^2=2k^2+1并整理得\\frac{x_0^2}{2}+y_{0}^2=1(y_0\\neq 0),$\n\n$即点M的轨迹为椭圆C_{1}:\\frac{x^2}{2}+y^2=1(y \\neq 0),$\n\n$且点P_{1},P_{2}为椭圆C_{1}的左、右焦点,即|MP_{1}|+|MP_{2}|=2\\sqrt{2}.$\n\n$记t=|MP_{1}|,则t\\in (\\sqrt{2}-1,\\sqrt{2}+1),$\n\n$T=\\frac{1}{|MP_1|^2}-2|MP_{2}|=\\frac{1}{t^2}-2(2\\sqrt{2}-t) =\\frac{1}{t^2}+2t-4\\sqrt{2},$\n\n$则T'=2-\\frac{2}{t^3},令T'\\geq 0,可得t\\geq 1,$\n\n$故T在(\\sqrt{2}-1,1)上单调递减,在(1,\\sqrt{2}+1)上单调递增,$\n\n$且T(1)=3-4\\sqrt{2},T(\\sqrt{2}-1)=1>T(\\sqrt{2}+1)=5-4\\sqrt{2},$\n\n$故T的取值范围为[3-4\\sqrt{2},1).$""]" ['[3-4\\sqrt{2},1)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +25 "$已知函数f(x) = ln(x+1) + sinx.$ +$设g(x) = f'(x),求函数g(x)在(0,\pi)上的单调递减区间;$" "[""$g(x)=f'(x)=\\frac{1}{x+1} + \\cos x, x\\in (0,\\pi ).$\n\n$g'(x)=-\\frac{1}{(x+1)^2}-\\sin x, 因为x\\in (0,\\pi ),所以\\sin x>0,$\n\n$所以g'(x)<0.$\n\n$所以函数g(x)在(0,\\pi )上单调递减.$\n\n""]" ['(0,\\pi )'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +26 "$已知函数f(x)=e^{x}-ax-1.$ +$若f(x)\geq x^2在[0,+\infty )上恒成立,求实数a的取值范围.$" "[""$因为f(x)\\geq x^2在[0,+\\infty )上恒成立,$\n$所以e^x-x^2-ax-1\\geq 0在[0,+\\infty )上恒成立,$\n$当x=0时0\\geq 0恒成立,此时a\\in R,$\n$当x>0时a\\leq \\frac{\\mathrm{e}^x}{x}-x-\\frac{1}{x}在(0,+\\infty )上恒成立,$\n$令g(x)=\\frac{\\mathrm{e}^x}{x}-x-\\frac{1}{x},$\n$则g'x=\\frac{\\mathrm{e}^x(x-1)}{x^2}-\\frac{x^2-1}{x^2}=\\frac{(x-1)[\\mathrm{e}^x-(x+1)]}{x^2},$\n$由知x>0时,e^x-(x+1)>0,$\n$故当01时g'x>0,$\n$所以g(x)在(0,1)上单调递减,在(1,+\\infty )上单调递增,$\n$所以当x=1时,g_{min}=e-2,$\n$所以a\\leq e-2,$\n$综上,实数a的取值范围是(-\\infty ,e-2].$""]" ['$(-\\infty ,e-2]$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +27 "$已知函数f(x)=(x+a)\ln x-x+1.$ +$若函数f(x)在区间(1,+\infty )上存在极值点,求实数a的取值范围.$" "[""$由(1)知, f'(x)=ln x + \\frac{a}{x}.$\n\n$①若a \\geq 0,则x \\in (1,+\\infty )时, f'(x) > 0, f(x)在区间(1,+\\infty )上单调递增,此时无极值.$\n\n$②若a < 0,令g(x)=f'(x),$\n$则g'(x)= \\frac{1}{x} - \\frac{a}{x^2}。$\n\n$因为当x \\in (1,+\\infty )时,g'(x) > 0,所以g(x)在(1,+\\infty )上单调递增.$\n\n$又因为g(1)= a < 0,$\n$而g(e^{-a})=-a+ae^a=a(e^a-1) > 0,$\n$所以存在x_0 \\in (1,e^{-a}),使得g(x_0)=0.$\n\n$x变化时, f'(x)和f(x)的情况如下:$\n\n$x$|$(1,x_0)$|$x_0$|$(x_0,e^{-a})$\n:--:|:--:|:--:|:--:\n$f'(x)$|-|0|+\n$f(x)$|$\\text{单调递减}$|极小值|$\\text{单调递增}$\n\n$因此,当x = x_0时, f(x)有极小值f(x_0).$\n\n$综上,a的取值范围是(-\\infty ,0).$""]" ['$(-\\infty ,0)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +28 "$已知函数f(x) = \frac{1}{2}x^{2} + (a - 1)x - aln(x) (a \neq 0).$ +$若f(x)有两个零点,求实数a的取值范围.$" "[""$①当a<-1,x变化时, f'(x), f(x)的变化情况如下表:$\n\n|x|(0,1)|1|$(1,-a)$|$-a$|$(-a,+\\infty )$|\n|---|---|---|---|---|---|\n|$f'(x)$|+|0|-|0|+|\n|$f(x)$|$\\text{单调递增}$|极大值|$\\text{单调递减}$|极小值|$\\text{单调递增}$|\n\n$当x=1时, f(x)取得极大值f(1)=a-\\frac{1}{2}<0,$\n$所以f(x)不可能有两个零点,$\n$②当a=-1时,f'(x)=\\frac{(x-1)^2}{x}\\geq 0,$\n$在(0,+\\infty )上, f(x)单调递增,所以f(x)不可能有两个零点.$\n$③当-10,$\n$所以在(-1,0)上,g(a)单调递增,$\n$因为g(a)>g(-1)=\\frac{3}{2}>0,所以f(-a)=ag(a)<0,$\n$所以f(x)不可能有两个零点.$\n$④当a>0时,由(1)可知,当x\\geq 1时, f(x)取得极小值f(1)=a-\\frac{1}{2}.$\n$要使得f(x)有两个零点,则f(1)=a-\\frac{1}{2}<0,即00, f(e^{1-\\frac{1}{a}}) =\\frac{1}{2}e^{2-\\frac{2}{a}}+(a-1)e^{1-\\frac{1}{a}}-a(1-\\frac{1}{a})>(a-1)(e^{1-\\frac{1}{a}}-1)>0,$\n$所以f(x)在(e^{1-\\frac{1}{a}},1)和(1,2)上各有一个零点,满足题意.$\n$综上,若f(x)有两个零点,则实数a的取值范围为\\left(0,\\frac{1}{2}\\right).$\n\n""]" ['$\\left(0,\\frac{1}{2}\\right)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +29 "$已知函数f(x) = \frac{x+1}{e^x}.$ +$当x>0时,若曲线y=f(x)在曲线y=ax^2+1的上方,求实数a的取值范围.$" "[""$当a \\leq -\\frac{1}{2}时,由(2)知f(x) > -\\frac{1}{2}x^2+1 \\geq ax^2+1,满足题意.$\n$令h(x) = f(x) - ax^2 -1 = \\frac{x+1}{e^x} - ax^2 -1,$\n$则h'(x) = -\\frac{x}{e^x} -2ax = -x \\left(\\frac{1}{e^x}+2a\\right).$\n$当-\\frac{1}{2}< a <0时,若x \\in \\left(0, \\ln\\left(-\\frac{1}{2a}\\right)\\right),则h'(x) <0,h(x)在\\left(0, \\ln\\left(-\\frac{1}{2a}\\right)\\right)上是减函数.所以h(x)0对x\in (1,2)恒成立,求a的取值范围.$" "[""$当x\\in (1,2)时,“f(x)>0”等价于“a>-x^2+3x-\\frac{4}{x}”,$\n\n$设g(x)=-x^2+3x-\\frac{4}{x},x\\in (1,2),$\n\n$则g'(x)=-2x+3+\\frac{4}{x^2}.$\n\n$因为y=-2x+3与y=\\frac{4}{x^2}在(1,2)上都是减函数,$\n\n$所以g'(x)在(1,2)上是减函数,$\n\n$所以x\\in (1,2)时,g'(x)>g'(2)=0,$\n\n$所以g(x)在(1,2)上是增函数,$\n\n$所以g(x)0; 当x\\in(3-2\\sqrt{3},3+2\\sqrt{3})时, f' (x)<0.$\n\n$故f(x)在(-\\infty,3-2\\sqrt{3}),(3+2\\sqrt{3},+\\infty)上单调递增,在(3-2\\sqrt{3},3+2\\sqrt{3})上单调递减.$\n\n""]" ['(3-2\\sqrt{3},3+2\\sqrt{3})'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +32 "$已知函数f(x)=x^{2}+2me^{x}.$ +$若关于x的方程x^2f(x)=(1+2m)e^{2x}恰有四个不同的解,求m的取值范围.$" "[""$由x^2f(x)=(1+2m)e^{2x}可得,$\n\n$x^4+2me^xx^2=(1+2m)e^{2x},即\\frac{x^4}{\\mathrm{e}^{2x}}+\\frac{2mx^2}{\\mathrm{e}^x}-1-2m=0,$\n\n$令t=\\frac{x^2}{\\mathrm{e}^x},则t^2+2mt-1-2m=0,$\n\n$解得t=1或t=-1-2m,$\n\n$设g(x)=\\frac{x^2}{\\mathrm{e}^x},则g'(x)=\\frac{2x-x^2}{\\mathrm{e}^x}=\\frac{x(2-x)}{\\mathrm{e}^x},$\n\n$当x变化时,g'(x),g(x)变化如下,$\n\n| $x$ | $(-\\infty ,0)$ | 0 | $(0,2)$ | 2 | $(2,+\\infty )$ |\n| --- | --- |--- | --- |---|--- |\n| $g'(x)$ | - | 0 | + | 0 | - |\n| $g(x)$ | $\\text{单调递减}$ | 极小值0 | $\\text{单调递增}$ | $极大值\\frac{4}{\\mathrm{e}^2}$ | $\\text{单调递减}$ |\n\n$函数g(x)的图象如图,$\n\n\n\n$要使方程x^2f(x)=(1+2m)e^{2x}恰有四个不同的解,$\n\n$因为直线t=1与函数g(x)的图象有一个交点,则需直线t=-1-2m与函数g(x)的图象有三个交点,$\n\n$所以0<-1-2m<\\frac{4}{\\mathrm{e}^2},即-\\frac{2}{\\mathrm{e}^2}-\\frac{1}{2}0,得 1 0,g(x)单调递增。$\n\n$- 若a=0,显然不满足。$\n\n$- 若a>0,则当x\\in (-1, 1)时,h'(x) < 0,h(x)单调递减,当x\\in (1, +\\infty )时,h'(x) > 0, h(x)单调递增,此时g(x)和h(x)在(-1, 0)上无交点。$\n\n$- 若a<0,则当x\\in (-1, 1)时,h'(x) > 0, h(x)在(-1, 1)上单调递增,当x\\in (1, +\\infty )时,h'(x) < 0, h(x)在(1, +\\infty )上单调递减。$\n\n$ 1. 当x\\rightarrow +\\infty 时,h(x)\\rightarrow 0, g(x)\\rightarrow +\\infty ,且g(0) = h(0) = 0,要满足g(x)和h(x)的图象在(0, +\\infty )上有一个交点,需g'(0) < h'(0),解得a < -1;$\n$ 2. 当x=-1时,h(-1) = ae,当x\\rightarrow -1时,g(x)\\rightarrow -\\infty ,且g(0) = h(0) = 0,要满足g(x)和h(x)的图象在(-1, 0)上有一个交点,也需要g'(0) < h'(0),解得a < -1。$\n\n$综上所述,a的取值范围为(-\\infty ,-1).$""]" ['(-\\infty, -1)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +35 "$已知函数f(x)=ax-\frac{1}{x}-(a+1)\ln x, a\in R.$ +$若a\geq 1,且f(x)>1在区间[\frac{1}{e},e]上恒成立,求a的取值范围;$" "[""$依题意,当a\\geq 1时,在区间[\\frac{1}{\\mathrm{e}},\\mathrm{e}]上, f(x)_{min}>1.$\n\n$f'(x)=\\frac{ax^2-(a+1)x+1}{x^2}=\\frac{(ax-1)(x-1)}{x^2},$\n\n$令f'(x)=0得x=1或x=\\frac{1}{\\mathrm{a}}.$\n\n$若a\\geq e,则由f'(x)>0得11,满足条件;$\n\n$若10得\\frac{1}{\\mathrm{e}}\\leq x<\\frac{1}{a}或11,\\\\ f(1)>1,\\end{matrix}\\right.即\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}a>\\frac{\\mathrm{e}^2}{\\mathrm{e}+1},\\\\ a>2,\\end{matrix}\\right.所以22.$\n\n疑难突破\n\n$a\\geq 1,且f(x)>1在区间[\\frac{1}{\\mathrm{e}},\\mathrm{e}]上恒成立,即f(x)在[\\frac{1}{\\mathrm{e}},\\mathrm{e}]上的最小值大于1.利用导数求解函数f(x)的最小值即可.$""]" ['(2,+\\infty)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +36 "$已知函数f(x)=a\ln(x-a)-\frac{1}{2}x^2+x. a=-1$ +$求f(x)的单调减区间;$" "[""$函数f(x)的定义域为(a,+\\infty ),$\n\n$f'(x)=\\frac{a}{x-a}-x+1=\\frac{-x[x-(a+1)]}{x-a},$\n\n$令f'(x)=0,$\n\n$则x=0或a+1,$\n\n$①当a+1<0,即a<-1时,$\n\n$a0时, f'(x)<0,$\n\n$a+10,$\n\n$所以函数f(x)在(a,a+1),(0,+\\infty )上递减,在(a+1,0)上递增,$\n\n$②当a+1=0,即a=-1时, f'(x)\\leq 0,$\n\n$所以函数f(x)在(a,+\\infty )上递减,$\n\n$③当a+1>0,即-1a+1时, f'(x)<0,$\n\n$00,$\n\n$所以函数f(x)在(a,0),(a+1,+\\infty )上递减,在(0,a+1)上递增,$\n\n$综上,当a<-1时,函数f(x)的减区间为(a,a+1),(0,+\\infty ),$\n\n$增区间为(a+1,0),$\n\n$当a=-1时,函数f(x)的减区间为(a,+\\infty ),$\n\n$当-10且c-\\frac{32}{27}<0,即03时,由f(x)在区间(2,+\\infty )上单调递增可得f(m)>f(3)=0,不符合题意.$\n$综上,m的取值范围是[2,3].$'] ['[2,3]'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +40 "$已知函数f(x)=e^{x}-a\sin x.$ +$若对任意x \in [0,\pi], 不等式f(x) \geq 2 - \\cos x恒成立,求a的取值范围.$" "[""$记m(x)=f(x)+\\cos x-2=e^{x}-a\\sin x+\\cos x-2, $\n$则m'(x)=e^{x}-a\\cos x-\\sin x,记h(x)=e^{x}-a\\cos x-\\sin x, $\n$则h'(x)=e^{x}+a\\sin x-\\cos x, $\n$因为当x\\in [0,\\pi ]时,e^{x}\\geq e^{0}=1,\\cos x\\leq 1,\\sin x\\geq 0 $\n$所以当a\\geq 0,x\\in [0,\\pi ]时,h'(x)\\geq 0, $\n$所以m'(x)在区间[0,\\pi ]上单调递增(). $\n$①当a>1时,m'(0)=1-a<0,m'(\\pi )=e^{\\pi }+a>0,且m'(x)在区间[0,\\pi ]上单调递增, $\n$所以存在唯一x_{0}\\in (0,\\pi ),使得m'(x)=0。 $\n$当x\\in (0,x_{0})时,m'(x)<0,所以m(x)在区间(0,x_{0})上单调递减。 $\n$可得m(x_{0})e^{x}-\\sin x+\\cos x-2,由②可知,此时m(x)>0在区间[0,\\pi ]上恒成立,综上,��数a的取值范围是(-\\infty ,1].$""]" ['$(-\\infty ,1]$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +41 "$已知函数f(x)=x+\frac{2a^2}{x}+aln x(a\in R).$ +$当x\in [e,+\infty )时,曲线y=f(x)在x轴的上方,求实数a的取值范围.$" "[""$当a\\geq 0,x\\geq e时,f(x)>0,故曲线y=f(x)在x轴的上方.$\n$当a<0时,f'(x)=1-\\frac{2a^2}{x^2}+\\frac{a}{x}=\\frac{(x-a)(x+2a)}{x^2}.$\n$令f'(x)=0,得x=-2a或x=a(舍去).$\n$当x变化时,f'(x),f(x)的变化情况如下:$\n\n|$x$|$(0,-2a)$|$-2a$|$(-2a,+\\infty )$|\n|---|---|---|---|\n|$f'(x)$|-|0|+|\n|$f(x)$|$\\text{单调递减}$|极小值|$\\text{单调递增}$|\n\n$当-2a\\leq e,即-\\frac{\\mathrm{e}}{2}\\leq a<0时,f(x)在区间[e,+\\infty )上单调递增,则f(x)\\geq f(e)=\\frac{2}{\\mathrm{e}}a^2+a+e=\\frac{2}{\\mathrm{e}}\\left(a+\\frac{\\mathrm{e}}{4}\\right)^2+\\frac{7}{8}e>0,$\n$所以曲线y=f(x)在x轴的上方.$\n$当-2a>e,即a<-\\frac{\\mathrm{e}}{2}时,f(x)在区间[e,-2a)上单调递减,在区间(-2a,+\\infty )上单调递增,$\n$则f(x)\\geq f(-2a)=-3a+aln(-2a).$\n$由x\\in [e,+\\infty )时,曲线y=f(x)在x轴的上方,$\n$有-3a+aln(-2a)>0,解得 a>-\\frac{\\mathrm{e}^3}{2}.$\n$所以-\\frac{\\mathrm{e}^3}{2}0,即m<\\frac{1}{2}时,2x^2+2x+m=0有两根x_1,x_2 (x_10,即00,$\n$ 解得m>- \\frac{1}{ln 2},即-\\frac{1}{ln 2}0时,令f'(x)=0,得x=0或x=1/a-2.\n当00,f(x)与f'x的情况如下:\n\n|x|$(-\\infty ,0)$|0|$(0,1/a-2)$|$1/a-2$|$(1/a-2, +\\infty )$|\n|---|---|---|---|---|---|\n|f'(x)|+|0|-|0|+|\n|f(x)|$\\text{单调递增}$|极大值|$\\text{单调递减}$|极小值|$\\text{单调递增}$|\n\n$此时,f(x)在x=0处取得极大值,符合题意;$\n$当a=1/2时,1/a-2=0,f'(x)\\geq 0,f(x)单调递增,无极大值,不符合题意;$\n$当a>1/2时,1/a-2<0,f(x)与f'x的情况如下:$\n\n|x|$(-\\infty ,1/a-2)$|$1/a-2$|$(1/a-2,0)$|$0$|$(0,+\\infty )$|\n|---|---|---|---|---|---|\n|$f'(x)$|+|0|-|0|+|\n|$f(x)$|$\\text{单调递增}$|极大值|$\\text{单调递减}$|极小值|$\\text{单调递增}$|\n\n此时,f(x)在x=0处取得极小值,不符合题意;\n③$当a<0时,1/a-2<0.f(x)与f'x的情况如下:$\n\n|$x$|$(-\\infty ,1/a-2)$|$1/a-2$|($1/a-2,0)$|0|$(0,+\\infty )$|\n|---|---|---|---|---|---|\n|$f'(x)$|-|0|+|0|-|\n|$f(x)$|$\\text{单调递减}$|极小值|$\\text{单调递增}$|极大值|$\\text{单调递减}$|\n\n此时,$f(x)在x=0$处取得极大值,符合题意.\n$综上,a的取值范围是(-\\infty ,1/2).$""]" ['$(-\\infty ,1/2)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +44 "$已知函数f(x)=e^{x}(ax^{2}-x+1).$ +$若函数f(x)存在最小值,直接写出a的取值范围.$" ['$\\left(0,\\frac{1}{4}\\right].详解:可以分四种情况讨论:$\n$①a=0$\n$②a <0$\n$③0 < a < \\frac{1}{2}$\n$④a \\geq \\frac{1}{2}.$\n$由(2)知,若a=0,f(x)无最小值;$\n$若a<0,f(x)无最小值;$\n$���00时,要使函数存在最小值,则$\n$f\\left(\\frac{1-2a}{a}\\right)=e^{\\frac{1-2a}{a}}\\left[a\\left(\\frac{1-2a}{a}\\right)^2-\\frac{1-2a}{a}+1\\right]=e^{\\frac{1-2a}{a}}(4a-1)\\leq 0$\n$解得00.$\n$所以h(x)=g'(x)单调递增.$\n$g'(x)与g(x)的情况如下:$\n\n|$x$|$(-\\infty ,-1)$|$-1$|$(-1,0)$\n|---|---|---|---\n|$g'(x)$|-|0|+\n|$g(x)$ |$ \\text{单调递减}$|$-\\frac{1}{2}$|$\\text{单调递增}$\n\n$所以g_{min}=g(-1)=-\\frac{1}{2},$\n$所以a的取值范围是(-\\infty,-\\frac{1}{2}).$""]" ['$(-\\infty,-\\frac{1}{2})$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +47 "$设函数f(x)=2sinx cosx +Acos2x (A\in R). 已知存在A使得f(x)同时满足下列三个条件中的两个:$ +$条件①:f(0)=0;条件②:f(x)的最大值为\sqrt{2};条件③:x=\frac{\pi}{8} 是f(x)图象的一条对称轴.$ +$若f(x)在区间(0, m)上有且只有一个零点,求m的取值范围.$" ['$解法一:当00能成立,求m的取值范围.$" [':\n$因为0\\leq x\\leq \\frac{\\pi }{2},则\\frac{\\pi }{3}\\leq 2x+\\frac{\\pi }{3}\\leq \\frac{4\\pi }{3},$\n$所以-\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}\\leq \\sin \\left(2x+\\frac{\\pi }{3}\\right)\\leq 1,故f(x)_{max}=1,$\n$当x\\in \\left[0,\\frac{\\pi }{2}\\right]时, f(x)-m>0能成立,即m1。记a_n的前n项和为S_n (n\in N^)。$ +$若对于每个n\in N^{},存在实数c_n,使a_n+c_n,a_{n+1}+4c_n,a_{n+2}+15c_n成等比数列,求d的取值范围.$" ['$由(1)知a_n = (n-1)d - 1, n \\in N^ ,依题意得[c_n+(n-1)d-1][15c_n+(n+1)d-1] = (4c_n + nd - 1)^2,$\n$即 15c_n^2+[(16n-14)d-16]c_n+(n^2-1)d^2-2nd+1 = 16c_n^2+8(nd-1)c_n+n^2d^2-2nd+1,故c_n^2+[(14-8n)d+8]c_n+d^2=0,$\n$故 [(14-8n)d+8]^2 - 4d^2= [(12-8n)d+8][(16-8n)d+8] \\geq 0,故[(3-2n)d+2][(2-n)d+1] \\geq 0 对任意正整数n 恒成立,$\n$n=1 时,显然成立;n=2 时,-d+2 \\geq 0,则 d \\leq 2;$\n$n \\geq 3 时,[(2n-3)d-2][(n-2)d-1] > (2n-5)(n-3) \\geq 0.$\n$综上所述,1 < d \\leq 2.$'] ['(1,2]'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +54 "$已知函数f(x)=e^x\cos x-x.$ +$求函数f(x)在区间 [0,\frac{\pi}{2}] 上的最大值和最小值.$" "[""$设h(x)=e^{x}(\\cos x-\\\\sin x)-1,$\n$则h'(x)=e^{x}(\\cos x-\\sin x-\\sin x-\\cos x)=-2e^{x}\\sin x.$\n$当x\\in (0,\\frac{\\pi }{2})时,h'(x)<0,$\n$所以h(x)在区间[0,\\frac{\\pi }{2}]上单调递减.$\n$所以对任意x\\in (0,\\frac{\\pi }{2}]有h(x)1时, f(-2b)=f(2b)\\geq 4b^2-2b-1>4b-2b-1>b, f(0)=11时曲线y=f(x)与直线y=b有且仅有两个不同交点.$\n$综上可知,如果曲线y=f(x)与直线y=b有两个不同交点,那么b的取值范围是(1,+\\infty ).$""]" ['$(1,+\\infty )$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +56 "$已知函数f(x)=2x^3-3x.$ +$若过点P(1, t)存在3条直线与曲线y=f(x)相切,求t的取值范围;$" "[""$设过点P(1,t)的直线与曲线y=f(x)相切于点(x_0,y_0),则y_0=2x^3_0-3x_0,且切线斜率为k=6x^2_0-3,$\n所以切线方程为$y-yₒ=(6x_2_0-3)(x-xₒ)$,\n因此$t-yₒ=(6x_2_0-3)(1-xₒ)$.\n整理得$4x_3_0-6x_2_0+t+3=0$.\n设$g(x)=4x^3-6x^2+t+3$,\n则“过点$P(1,t)$存在3条直线与曲线$y=f(x)$相切”等价于“$g(x)$有3个不同零点”.\n$g'(x)=12x^2-12x=12x(x-1).$\n$g(x)与g'(x)$的变化情况如下表:\n\n|$x$|$(-\\infty ,0)$|0|$(0,1)$|1|$(1,+\\infty )$|\n|-|-|-|-|-|-|\n|$g'(x)$|+|0|-|0|+|\n|$g(x)$|$\\text{单调递增}$|$t+3$|$\\text{单调递减}$|$t+1$|$\\text{单调递增}$|\n\n$所以,g(0)=t+3是g(x)的极大值,g(1)=t+1是g(x)的极小值.$\n$当g(0)=t+3\\leq 0,即t\\leq -3时,此时g(x)在区间(-\\infty ,1]和(1,+\\infty )上分别至多有1个零点,所以g(x)至多有2个零点.$\n$当g(1)=t+1\\geq 0,即t\\geq -1时,此时g(x)在区间(-\\infty ,0)和[0,+\\infty )上分别至多有1个零点,所以g(x)至多有2个零点.$\n$当g(0)>0且g(1)<0,即-30,所以g(x)在区间[-1,0),[0,1)和[1,2)上分别有1个零点.由于g(x)在区间(-\\infty ,0)和(1,+\\infty )上单调,所以g(x)在区间(-\\infty ,0)和[1,+\\infty )上分别有1个零点.$\n$综上可知,当过点P(1,t)存在3条直线与曲线y=f(x)相切时,t的取值范围是(-3,-1).$""]" ['$(-3,-1)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +57 "$已知函数f(x)=(\sqrt{x}+a)e^{x}(a\in R).$ +$若f(x)是增函数,求a的取值范围;$" "[""$f'(x) = \\frac{1}{2\\sqrt{x}}e^{x} + (\\sqrt{x} + a)e^{x} = \\frac{2x + 2a\\sqrt{x} + 1}{2\\sqrt{x}}e^{x} (x > 0)$\n\n$因为函数f(x)是增函数,所以f'(x) \\geq 0在区间(0,+\\infty )上恒成立,$\n\n$即2x + 2a\\sqrt{x} + 1 \\geq 0在区间(0,+\\infty )上恒成立,$\n\n$即 a \\geq -(\\sqrt{x} + \\frac{1}{2\\sqrt{x}})在区间(0,+\\infty )上恒成立,$\n\n$因为\\sqrt{x} + \\frac{1}{2\\sqrt{x}} \\geq \\sqrt{2},当且仅当x = \\frac{1}{2}时等号成立,$\n\n$所以[-(\\sqrt{x} + \\frac{1}{2\\sqrt{x}})]_{max} = -\\sqrt{2},所以 a \\geq -\\sqrt{2}.$\n\n$当a = -\\sqrt{2}时,满足条件.$\n\n$所以a的取值范围是[-\\sqrt{2} , +\\infty ).$""]" ['$[-\\sqrt{2} , +\\infty )$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +58 "$已知函数f(x)=(x-2)e^{x}-\frac{a}{2}(x-1)^2, 00,则当x<1时, f '(x)<0,当x>1时, f '(x)>0,所以f(x)在(-\\infty ,1)上单调递减,在(1,+\\infty )上单调递增.$\n\n$②当a>0时,由f '(x)=0得x>=1或x=ln a,$\n\n$(i)若a=e,则f '(x)=(x-1)(e^{x}-e)\\geq 0,所以f(x)在 R 上单调递增;$\n\n$(ii)若01时, f '(x)>0,当ln ae,则ln a>1,$\n\n$所以当x<1或x>ln a时, f '(x)>0,当1e时, f(x)的单调递减区间是(1,ln a),单调递增区间是(-\\infty ,1)和(ln a,+\\infty ).$\n\n""]" ['(ln a,1)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +59 "$已知函数f(x)=e^{x},g(x)=\ln(x+a)(a \in \mathbb{R}).$ +$当a=0时,若对于任意s>t>0,不等式g(s) - g(t) > k \left( \frac{1}{f(s)}-\frac{1}{f(t)}\right)恒成立,求k的取值范围.$" "[""$当a = 0时,g(x) = \\ln x,$\n\n$对于任意s > t > 0,不等式g(s) - g(t) > k \\left( \\frac{1}{f(s)}-\\frac{1}{f(t)}\\right)恒成立,$\n\n$等价于对于任意s > t > 0,不等式g(s) - \\frac{k}{f(s)} > g(t) - \\frac{k}{f(t)} 恒成立,$\n\n$等价于函数h(x) = g(x) - \\frac{k}{f(x)} = \\ln x - \\frac{k}{e^x}在(0,+\\infty )上单调递增,$\n\n$等价于导函数h'(x) = \\frac{1}{x} + \\frac{k}{e^x} \\geq 0在(0,+\\infty )上恒成立,$\n\n$等价于对于任意x > 0,不等式k \\geq -\\frac{e^x}{x}恒成立,$\n\n$令n(x) = -\\frac{e^x}{x},则n'(x) = -\\frac{e^x\\cdot x-e^x}{x^2} = \\frac{e^x(1-x)}{x^2},x > 0,$\n\n$当0 < x < 1时,n'(x) > 0,此时n(x)���调递增;$\n\n$当x > 1时,n'(x) < 0,此时n(x)单调递减,$\n\n$所以max\\{n(x)\\} = n(1) = -e,即k \\geq -e,$\n\n$故k的取值范围为[-e,+\\infty ).$""]" ['$[-e,+\\infty )$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +60 "$已知函数 f(x)=ax^{2}-x\ln x.$ +$当a=0时,求f(x)的单调递增区间;$" "[""$当a=0时, f(x)=-xlnx (x>0),故f'(x)=-lnx-1,令f'(x)=-lnx-1>0,则00,得x<-\\frac{1}{3}或x>1; $\n$令f'(x)<0,得-\\frac{1}{3} 0,则m(x)在[0,+\\infty)上单调递增,即f'(x)在[0,+\\infty)上单调递增,$\n$令f'(x)=0,即x^2+(a+1)x+a-1=0,设两个根分别为x_1,x_2,且x_1>x_2.$\n$所以x_1=\\frac{-(a+1)+\\sqrt{(a+1)^2-4(a-1)}}{2}(负值舍去),$\n$则当x \\in [0,x_1)时, f'(x)<0,所以f(x)在[0,x_1)上单调递减,f(x)0,$\n$所以f(x)在(0,\\frac{\\pi }{2})上单调递增.$\n$所以当m\\leq 1时, f(x)=e^x-1-msin x没有极值点.$\n$当m>1时, f'(x)=e^x-mcos x,$\n$因为y=e^x与y=-mcos x在(0,\\frac{\\pi }{2})上单调递增,$\n$所以f'(x)在(0,\\frac{\\pi }{2})上单调递增,$\n$又f'(0)=1-m<0, f'(\\frac{\\pi }{2})=e^{\\frac{\\pi }{2}} >0,$\n$所以∃x_0\\in (0,\\frac{\\pi }{2}),使得f'(x_0)=0,$\n$所以当00, f(x)单调递增,$\n$所以当m>1时, f(x)恰有一个极小值点.$\n$综上,当函数f(x)在(0,\\frac{\\pi }{2})上恰有一个极值点时,m的取值范围是(1,+\\infty ).$""]" ['$(1,+\\infty )$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +64 "$已知函数f(x)=e^{ax}-x. a>0$ +$求f(x)的单调递增区间;$" "[""$f'(x)=ae^ax-1,$\n\n当$a\\leq 0时, f'(x)<0$恒成立,则$f(x)在R$上单调递减;\n\n$当a>0时,令f'(x)=0得x=-\\frac{\\mathrm{ln} a}{a},$\n\n$所以当\\left(-\\infty ,-\\frac{\\mathrm{ln} a}{a}\\right)时, f'(x)<0, f(x)单调递减,$\n\n$当\\left(-\\frac{\\mathrm{ln} a}{a},+\\infty \\right)时, f'(x)>0, f(x)单调递增.$\n\n综上所述,当$a\\leq 0$时, f(x)的单调递减区间为$(-\\infty ,+\\infty )$,无单调递增区间;\n\n$当a>0时, f(x)的单调递减区间为 \\left(-\\infty ,-\\frac{\\mathrm{ln} a}{a}\\right),单调递增区间为\\left(-\\frac{\\mathrm{ln} a}{a},+\\infty \\right).$\n\n""]" ['\\left(-\\frac{\\mathrm{ln} a}{a},+\\infty \\right)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +65 "$已知函数f(x)=e^{ax}-x.$ +$若存在x_1,x_2\in [-1,1],使得f(x_1) \cdot f(x_2)\geq 9,求a的取值范围.$" ['$记f(x)在区间[-1,1]上的最大值为f(x)_{max},最小值为f(x)_{min},$\n$存在x_1,x_2\\in [-1,1],使得f(x_1).f(x_2)\\geq 9等价于存在x\\in [-1,1],使得|f(x)|\\geq 3成立,即f(x)_{max}\\geq 3或f(x)_{min}\\leq -3,$\n$当x\\in [-1,1]时, f(x)=e^{ax}-x>-x\\geq -1,$\n$所以存在x\\in [-1,1],使得|f(x)|\\geq 3成立,只需f(x)_{max}\\geq 3,$\n$由(2)可知f(x)在区间[-1,1]上单调递减或先单调递减后单调递增,$\n$所以f(x)_{max}为f(-1)与f(1)中的较大者,$\n$所以只需f(-1)\\geq 3或f(1)\\geq 3,即可满足题意,$\n$即f(-1)=e^{-a}+1\\geq 3或f(1)=e^{a}-1\\geq 3,$\n$解得a\\leq -ln 2或a\\geq ln 4.$\n$综上所述,a的取值范围为(-\\infty ,-ln 2]\\cup [ln 4,+\\infty ).$'] ['$(-\\infty ,-\\ln 2]\\cup [\\ln 4,+\\infty )$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +66 "$已知函数 f(x)=\ln x+2a\sqrt{x} (a\in R).$ +$若函数 g(x)=f(x)-2x 的极大值大于0,求 a 的取值范围.$" "[""$g(x) = ln(x) + 2a\\sqrt{x} - 2x.$\n$1. 当a \\leq 1时, 由(1)可知f(x) \\leq ln(x) + 2\\sqrt{x} \\leq 2x,所以g(x) \\leq 0,与g(x)的极大值大于0矛盾,不符合题意.$\n$2. 当a > 1时,g'(x) = \\frac{1}{x} + \\frac{a}{\\sqrt{x}} - 2 = \\frac{-2x + a\\sqrt{x} + 1}{x},$\n$令g'(x) = 0,得\\sqrt{x} = \\frac{a + \\sqrt{a^2+8}}{4}或\\sqrt{x} = \\frac{a - \\sqrt{a^2+8}}{4}(舍).$\n$设x_{0} = \\left(\\frac{a + \\sqrt{a^2+8}}{4}\\right)^2,则x_{0} > 1.$\n$当x \\in (0, x_{0})时,g'(x) > 0,g(x)单调递增,$\n$当x \\in (x_{0}, +\\infty )时,g'(x) < 0,g(x)单调递减.$\n$所以x_{0}为g(x)的极大值点,且x_{0} > 1,a\\sqrt{x_0} = 2x_0 - 1.$\n$此时极大值g(x_{0}) = ln(x_{0}) + 2a\\sqrt{x_0} - 2x_{0} = ln(x_{0}) + 2(2x_0 - 1) - 2x_0 = ln(x_{0}) + 2x_0 - 2,$\n$因为x_{0} > 1,所以 ln(x_{0}) > 0,2x_{0} - 2 > 0.$\n$所以g(x_{0}) > 0,符合题意.$\n$综上,a的取值范围为(1,+\\infty ).$""]" ['$(1,+\\infty )$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +67 "$已知函数f(x)=\ln x+\frac{a}{x},a\in R.$ +$设t为常数,求函数g(x)=\frac{\mathrm{ln} x-\mathrm{ln} t}{x-t}的单调区间.$" "[""函数$g(x)$的定义域为$(0,t)\\cup (t,+\\infty )$,\n\n$g' (x) = \\frac{1-\\frac{t}{x}-\\mathrm{ln} x+\\mathrm{ln} t}{(x-t)^2}. $\n\n$由(2)②知,当t > 0时,若x \\neq t,则ln x + \\frac{t}{x} > 1+ln t. $\n\n$所以g' (x) = \\frac{1-\\frac{t}{x}-\\mathrm{ln} x+\\mathrm{ln} t}{(x-t)^2} < 0, $\n\n$所以g(x) = \\frac{\\mathrm{ln} x-\\mathrm{ln} t}{x-t}的减区间为(0,t),(t,+\\infty ),无增区间.$\n\n""]" ['$(0,t),(t,+\\infty )$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +68 "$已知函数 f(x)=xsinx.$ +$求函数f(x)在 (-\frac{\pi }{2}, \frac{\pi }{2}) 上的单调递增区间$" "[""$函数f(x)在(0,\\frac{\\pi }{2})上单调递增.$\n$理由: f'(x)=\\sin x + x \\cos x.$\n$因为x \\in (0,\\frac{\\pi }{2}),所以f'(x) > 0.$\n$所以f(x)在(0,\\frac{\\pi }{2})上单调递增.$\n\n""]" ['(0,\\frac{\\pi }{2})'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +69 "$已知函数f(x) = x^2 + \ln(x+1).$ +$求f(x)在区间[-\frac{1}{2},0]上的最大值和最小值;$" "[""$因为 f'x = 2x + \\frac{1}{x+1} = \\frac{2\\left(x+\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^2+\\frac{1}{2}}{x+1} >0,$\n\n$所以 f(x) 在区间 [-\\frac{1}{2},0] 上单调递增。$\n\n$所以 f(x) 在区间 [-\\frac{1}{2},0] 上的最小值为 f\\left(-\\frac{1}{2}\\right)=\\frac{1}{4} - ln 2, f(x) 的最大值为 f(0)=0。$\n\n""]" ['\\frac{1}{4} - ln 2,0'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +70 "已知函数$f(x)=\sqrt{x}lnx$. +若函数$g(x)=f(x)+a(x^2-x)$在区间$(1,+\infty )$上无零点,求a的取值范围." "[""$$\ng(x)=\\sqrt{x}\\text{ln }x+a(x^2-x)\n$$\n$因为x>1,所以\\sqrt{x}\\text{ln }x>0,x^2-x>0。$\n$当a\\geq 0时,g(x)>0在(1,+\\infty )上恒成立,符合题意。$\n$当a<0时,$\n$$\ng'(x)=\\frac{\\text{ln} x}{2\\sqrt{x}}+\\frac{\\sqrt{x}}{x}+a(2x-1).\n$$\n$令t(x)=g'(x),则t'(x)=\\frac{1}{2}\\cdot \\frac{\\frac{\\sqrt{x}}{x}-\\frac{\\text{ln} x}{2\\sqrt{x}}}{x}-\\frac{1}{2}\\cdot \\frac{1}{x\\sqrt{x}}+2a=-\\frac{\\text{ln} x}{4x\\sqrt{x}}+2a,且t'(x)<0在(1,+\\infty )上恒成立.$\n$所以t(x)=g'(x)在(1,+\\infty )上单调递减。$\n$①当g'(1)=1+a\\leq 0,即a\\leq -1时,g'(x)<0在(1,+\\infty )上恒成立,所以g(x)在(1,+\\infty )上单调递减.$\n$所以g(x)0,即-11且由(2)知ln x<\\sqrt{x},所以$\n$$\ng'(x)=\\frac{\\text{ln} x}{2\\sqrt{x}}+\\frac{\\sqrt{x}}{x}+a(2x-1)<\\frac{\\sqrt{x}}{2\\sqrt{x}}+\\frac{1}{\\sqrt{x}}+a(2x-1)<\\frac{1}{2}+1+a(2x-1),\n$$\n$所以g'\\left(1-\\frac{1}{a}\\right)g(1)=0.$\n$由(2)知\\sqrt{x}\\text{ln }x0,h(x) 在 R 上是增函数. $\n$因为 h\\left(\\frac{1}{a}\\right)=e^{\\frac{1}{a}}-1+a<0,h(1)=e>0,$\n$所以 h(x) 恰有一个零点 x_1.$\n$令 e^{x_1}+a=0,得 x_1=\\ln(-a).$\n$代入 h(x_1)=0,得 -a+a-a\\ln(-a)=0,解得 a=-1.$\n$所以当 a=-1 时,h(x) 的唯一零点为0,此时 f(x) 无零点,符合题意. (f(x)=\\frac{ax-e^x-a}{e^x+a} 的分母为0,结合分子为0解出的 a 的值就能使 f(x) 的零点不存在)$\n\n$② 若 a>0,此时 f(x) 的定义域为 R.$\n$当 x<\\ln a 时, h'(x)<0,h(x) 在区间 (-\\infty ,\\ln a) 上是减函数;$\n$当 x>\\ln a 时, h'(x)>0,h(x) 在区间 (\\ln a,+\\infty ) 上是增函数.$\n$所以 h_{min}=h(\\ln a)=2a-a\\ln a.$\n$又 h(0)=1+a>0,$\n$所以当 2a-a\\ln a>0,即 00 知, f'(x) 与 1-x+e^{x-1} 同号.$\n\n$令 g(x)=1-x+e^{x-1},则 g'(x)=-1+e^{x-1}.$\n\n$所以,当 x\\in (-\\infty ,1) 时,g'(x)<0,g(x) 在区间(-\\infty ,1)上单调递减;当 x\\in (1,+\\infty ) 时,g'(x)>0,g(x) 在区间(1,+\\infty )上单调递增.$\n\n$故 g(1)=1 是 g(x) 在区间(-\\infty ,+\\infty )上的最小值,$\n\n$从而 g(x)>0,x\\in (-\\infty ,+\\infty ).$\n\n$综上可知, f'(x)>0,x\\in (-\\infty ,+\\infty ).$\n\n$故 f(x) 的单调递增区间为(-\\infty ,+\\infty ).$""]" ['$(-\\infty ,+\\infty )$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +73 "$设函数f(x)=x-x^3e^{ax+b},曲线y=f(x)在点(1, f(1))处的切线方程为y=-x+1.$ +$设函数g(x) = f'(x), 求g(x)的单调递减区间;$" "[""$g(x)=f'(x)=e^{1-x}(x^3-3x^2)+1, $\n$g'(x)=-e^{1-x}(x^3-3x^2)+e^{1-x}(3x^2-6x)=e^{1-x}(-x^3+6x^2-6x)=-xe^{1-x}(x^2-6x+6), $\n$令 g'(x)=0, 得 x=0 或 x=3\\pm \\sqrt{3}.$\n\n$x, g'(x), g(x) 的变化情况如下表:$\n\n| x | $(-\\infty ,0)$ | 0 | $(0,3-\\sqrt{3})$ | $3-\\sqrt{3}$ | $(3-\\sqrt{3},3+\\sqrt{3})$ | $3+\\sqrt{3}$ | $(3+\\sqrt{3},+\\infty )$ |\n|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|\n| $g'(x)$ | + | 0 | - | 0 | + | 0 | - |\n| $g(x)$ | 单调递增 | 极大值 | 单调递减 | 极小值 | 单调递增 | 极大值 | 单调递减 |\n\n$故 g(x) 的单调递增区间为(-\\infty ,0) 和 (3-\\sqrt{3},3+\\sqrt{3}), 单调递减区间为(0,3-\\sqrt{3}) 和 (3+\\sqrt{3},+\\infty ).$\n\n""]" ['(0,3-\\sqrt{3}),(3+\\sqrt{3},+\\infty )'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +74 "$设函数f(x) = [ax^2 -(4a+1)x + 4a + 3] \cdot e^{x}.$ +$若f(x)在x=2处取得极小值,求a的取值范围.$" "[""$由(1)可知f'(x)=(x-2)(ax-1)e^{x}. $\n$(i) 若a=0,令f'x=0,得x=2。 $\n$f'(x),f(x)的变化情况如下表: $\n\n|$x$|$(-\\infty ,2)$|2|$(2,+\\infty )$|\n|--|------|-|------|\n|$f'(x)$|+|0|-|\n|$f(x)$|$\\text{单调递增}$|极大值|$\\text{单调递减}$|\n\n不满足题意; \n$(ii) 若a\\neq 0,令f'(x)=0,得x=2或x=\\frac{1}{a}, $\n$①当a<0时,\\frac{1}{a}<2, $\n$f'(x),f(x)的变化情况如下表: $\n\n|$x$|$(-\\infty ,\\frac{1}{a})$|$\\frac{1}{a}$|$(\\frac{1}{a},2)$|2|$(2,+\\infty )$|\n|--|-----------------|------------|------------|-|-------|\n|$f'(x)$|-|0|+|0|-|\n|$f(x)$|$\\text{单调递减}$|极小值|$\\text{单调递增}$|极大值|$\\text{单调递减}$|\n\n不满足题意; \n$②当a>0时,当\\frac{1}{a}=2,即a=\\frac{1}{2}时,f'x\\geq 0,函数f(x)无极值点; $\n$当\\frac{1}{a}<2,即a>\\frac{1}{2}时,f'(x),f(x)的变化情况如下表: $\n\n|$x$|$(-\\infty ,\\frac{1}{a})$|$\\frac{1}{a}$|$(\\frac{1}{a},2)$|2|$(2,+\\infty )$|\n|--|-----------------|------------|------------|-|-------|\n|$f'(x)$|+|0|-|0|+|\n|$f(x)$|$\\text{单调递增}$|极大值|$\\text{单调递减}$|极小值|$\\text{单调递增}$|\n\n满足题意; \n$当\\frac{1}{a}>2,即00,\n\\end{cases}\n$$\n\n$解得 k<1 且 k\\neq 0 .又 PA,PB 与 Y 轴相交,故直线 l 不过点(1,-2),从而 k\\neq -3 .所以直线 l 的斜率的取值范围为(-\\infty ,-3)\\cup (-3,0)\\cup (0,1).$'] ['$(-\\infty ,-3)\\cup (-3,0)\\cup (0,1)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +77 "$已知椭圆C: \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (a > b > 0) 经过点(2,0),一个焦点为(\sqrt{3},0)。$ +$若直线 y=k(x-1)(k\neq0) 与 x 轴交于点 P,与椭圆 C 交于 A, B 两点,线段 AB 的垂直平分线与 x 轴交于点 Q,求 \frac{|AB|}{|PQ|} 的取值范围.$" ['由\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}y=k(x-1),\\\\ \\frac{x^2}{4}+y^2=1\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n\n$消去i得 (1+4k^2)x^2-8k^2x+4k^2-4=0.$\n\n$设A(x_1,y_1), B(x_2,y_2),$\n\n$则有 x_1+x_2=\\frac{8k^2}{1+4k^2},x_1x_2=\\frac{4k^2-4}{1+4k^2},$\n\n$所以 y_1+y_2=k(x_1+x_2-2)=\\frac{-2k}{1+4k^2}.$\n\n$所以线段AB的中点坐标为\\left(\\frac{4k^2}{1+4k^2}, \\frac{-k}{1+4k^2}\\right),$\n\n$所以线段AB的垂直平分线的方程为y-\\frac{-k}{1+4k^2}=-\\frac{1}{k}\\left(x-\\frac{4k^2}{1+4k^2}\\right).$\n\n$于是,线段AB的垂直平分线与x轴的交点坐标为Q\\left(\\frac{3k^2}{1+4k^2},0\\right),易知点P(1,0),所以|PQ|=\\left|1-\\frac{3k^2}{1+4k^2}\\right|=\\frac{1+k^2}{1+4k^2}.$\n\n$|AB|=\\sqrt{(1+k^2)\\left[\\left(\\frac{8k^2}{1+4k^2}\\right)^2-4 \\cdot \\frac{4k^2-4}{1+4k^2}\\right]}$\n\n$=\\frac{4\\sqrt{(1+k^2)(1+3k^2)}}{1+4k^2}.$\n\n$于是,\\frac{|AB|}{|PQ|}=\\frac{\\frac{4\\sqrt{(1+k^2)(1+3k^2)}}{1+4k^2}}{\\frac{1+k^2}{1+4k^2}}=4\\sqrt{\\frac{1+3k^2}{1+k^2}}=4\\sqrt{3-\\frac{2}{1+k^2}}.$\n\n$因为k \\neq 0,所以 1<3-\\frac{2}{1+k^2}<3.$\n\n$所以\\frac{|AB|}{|PQ|}的取值范围为 (4,4\\sqrt{3}).$'] ['$(4,4\\sqrt{3})$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +78 "$已知椭圆C:\frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1(a>b>0)过点\left(1,\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right),且C的离心率为\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}.$ +$过点P(1,0)的直线l交椭圆C于A,B两点,求 |PA|\cdot |PB| 的取值范围.$" ['$当直线l的斜率不存在时,直线l:x=1与椭圆C 交于点 (1,\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}) 和点 (1,-\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}). 我们可以选取点 A(1,\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}) 和点 B(1,-\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}), 所以PA 和 PB 的长度都是 \\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}, 所以PA 和 PB 的长度之积是 \\frac{3}{4}. $\n\n$当直线l的斜率存在时,设其方程为 y=k(x-1),由方程组 \\left\\{\\begin{matrix}y=k(x-1),\\\\ x^2+4y^2=4\\end{matrix}\\right. 得出,我们有(1+4k^2)x^2-8k^2x+4k^2-4 = 0, $\n\n$设 A(x_1,y_1),B(x_2,y_2),则 $\n\n$x_1+x_2=\\frac{8k^2}{1+4k^2}, $\n\n$x_1x_2=\\frac{4k^2-4}{1+4k^2}$\n\n$所以 PA 和 PB 的长度之积是 (\\sqrt{1+k^2} |x_1-1|) (\\sqrt{1+k^2} |x_2-1|) = (1+k^2) \\cdot (x_1x_2-(x_1+x_2)+1),即 \\frac{3(1+k^2)}{1+4k^2}。$\n\n$令 t=1+4k^2,则 t\\geq 1,PA 和 PB 的长度之积就为 \\frac{3(1+k^2)}{1+4k^2} = $\n$\\frac{3\\left(1+\\frac{t-1}{4}\\right)}{t} = $\n$\\frac{3t+9}{4t} = $\n$\\frac{3}{4} + $\n$\\frac{9}{4t}\\in \\left(\\frac{3}{4},3\\right] 。 $\n\n$当t=1,即k=0时,PA和PB的长度之积取最大值3.综上所述,PA和PB的长度之积的取值范围是 $\n$\\left[\\frac{3}{4},3\\right].$\n\n'] ['$\\left[\\frac{3}{4},3\\right]$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Interval Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +79 "$已知中心在原点,焦点在x轴上的椭圆C过点 (1, \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}),离心率为 \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2},点A为其右顶点。过点B(1,0)作直线l与椭圆C相交于E、F两点,直线AE、AF与直线x=3分别交于点M、N。$ +$求\overrightarrow{EM}\cdot\overrightarrow{FN}的取值范围.$" ['$由(1)得A(2,0), $\n$设l:x=ty+1,E(x_1,y_1),F(x_2,y_2), $\n联立 \n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\nx=ty+1,\\\\ \nx^2+4y^2-4=0,\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n$得(ty+1)^2+4y^2-4=0, $\n$即(t^2+4)y^2+2ty-3=0,则y_1+y_2=-\\frac{2t}{t^2+4},y_1y_2=-\\frac{3}{t^2+4}, $\n$直线AE,AF的方程分别为y=y_1/(x_1-2)(x-2),y=y_2/(x_2-2)(x-2), $\n$令x=3,则M(3,y_1/(x_1-2)),N(3,y_2/(x_2-2)), $\n$则\\overrightarrow{EM}=(3-x_1, y_1(3-x_1)/(x_1-2))=(2-ty_1, y_1(2-ty_1)/(ty_1-1)), $\n$\\overrightarrow{FN}=(3-x_2, y_2(3-x_2)/(x_2-2))=(2-ty_2, y_2(2-ty_2)/(ty_2-1)), $\n$所以\\overrightarrow{EM} \\cdot \\overrightarrow{FN}=(2-ty_1)(2-ty_2)+\\frac{y_1y_2(2-ty_1)(2-ty_2)}{(ty_1-1)(ty_2-1)} $\n$=[t^2y_1y_2-2t(y_1+y_2)+4][1+\\frac{y_1y_2}{t^2y_1y_2-ty_1-ty_2+1}] $\n$=\\left(\\frac{-3t^2}{t^2+4}+\\frac{4t^2}{t^2+4}+4\\right)\\left(1+\\frac{\\frac{-3}{t^2+4}}{\\frac{-3t^2}{t^2+4}+\\frac{2t^2}{t^2+4}+1}\\right) $\n$=\\frac{5t^2+16}{4(t^2+4)}=\\frac{5(t^2+4)-4}{4(t^2+4)}=\\frac{5}{4}-\\frac{1}{t^2+4}, $\n$因为t^2+4 \\geq 4, $\n$所以 0<\\frac{1}{t^2+4} \\leq \\frac{1}{4}, 1 \\leq \\frac{5}{4}-\\frac{1}{t^2+4} < \\frac{5}{4}, $\n$即\\overrightarrow{EM} \\cdot \\overrightarrow{FN}的取值范围为[1,\\frac{5}{4}).$'] ['[1,\\frac{5}{4})'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +80 "$已知函数f(x) = \ln x + \frac{a}{2}x^2 - (a+1)x, a \in R. a\leq 0$ +求函数f(x)的单调递减区间;" "[""$函数f(x)=\\ln x+\\frac{a}{2}x^2-(a+1)x的定义域为(0,+\\infty ),且f '(x)=\\frac{1}{x}+ax-(a+1)=\\frac{ax^2-(a+1)x+1}{x}=\\frac{(x-1)(ax-1)}{x}.$\n\n$①当a\\leq 0时,令f '(x)>0,解得01,所以f(x)在(0,1)上单调递增,在(1,+\\infty )上单调递减;
$\n\n$②当00,解得0\\frac{1}{a},令f '(x)<0,解得1$\n\n$③当a=1时,f '(x)\\geq 0,所以f(x)在(0,+\\infty )上单调递增;
$\n\n$④当a>1时,令f '(x)>0,解得01,令f '(x)<0,解得\\frac{1}{a}$\n\n$综上,当a\\leq 0时,f(x)在(0,1)上单调递增,在(1,+\\infty )上单调递减;
当0当a=1时,f(x)在(0,+\\infty )上单调递增;
当a>1时,f(x)在\\left(0,\\frac{1}{a}\\right),(1,+\\infty )上单调递增,在\\left(\\frac{1}{a},1\\right)上单调递减.$\n\n""]" ['(1,+\\infty )'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +81 "$已知向量a=(1,-\sqrt{3}),b=(\sin x,\cos x),f(x)=a\cdot b.$ +$当x\in [0,\pi ]时,求函数f(x)的值域.$" ['$$\nf(x) = sin x - \\sqrt{3} cos x = 2sin(x-\\frac{\\pi}{3})\n$$\n\n$因为 x \\in [0,\\pi] ,所以$\n\n$$\nx-\\frac{\\pi}{3} \\in \\left[-\\frac{\\pi}{3},\\frac{2\\pi}{3}\\right].\n$$\n\n$当 x-\\frac{\\pi}{3}=-\\frac{\\pi}{3} ,即 x=0 时,f(x) 取最小值 -\\sqrt{3} ;$\n\n$当 x-\\frac{\\pi}{3}=\\frac{\\pi}{2} ,即 x=\\frac{5\\pi}{6} 时,f(x) 取最大值 2 ,所以当 x \\in [0,\\pi] 时,函数 f(x) 的值域为 [-\\sqrt{3},2] .$'] ['$[-\\sqrt{3},2]$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +82 "$已知函数f(x) = sin^2\left(\frac{\pi}{2} + x\right) + \sqrt{3}sin(\pi - x)cosx - cos2x.$ +$求函数f(x)的单调递增区间;可用k表示任意整数$" ['$f(x)=\\frac{1+\\cos 2x}{2}+\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}\\sin 2x-\\cos 2x=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}\\sin 2x-\\frac{1}{2}\\cos 2x+\\frac{1}{2}=\\sin\\left(2x-\\frac{\\pi }{6}\\right)+\\frac{1}{2},$\n$令-\\frac{\\pi }{2}+2k\\pi<2x-\\frac{\\pi }{6}<\\frac{\\pi }{2}+2k\\pi,k\\in Z,$\n$解得-\\frac{\\pi }{6}+k\\pi-1,求x的取值范围.$" ['$因为0-1,所以\\sin \\left(2x-\\frac{\\pi }{3}\\right)>-\\frac{1}{2}.所以-\\frac{\\pi }{6}<2x-\\frac{\\pi }{3}<\\frac{7\\pi }{6}.$\n\n$解得\\frac{\\pi }{12} 0)$ +$若f(x)在区间(0,\pi )上有且仅有两个零点,则\omega的取值范围是\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.$" ['$由00,求使得S_{n} \geq a_{n}的n的取值范围.默认(n\in N)$" ['$由(1)得a_1=-4d,故a_n=(n-5)d, S_n= \\frac{n(n-9)d}{2}. $\n\n$由a_1>0知d<0,故S_n\\geq a_n等价于n^2-11n+10\\leq 0,$\n\n$解得1\\leq n\\leq 10.$\n\n$所以n的取值范围是\\{n|1\\leq n\\leq 10,\\}.$\n\n'] ['[1,10]'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Interval Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +93 "$已知函数f(x)=2cos\left(x-\frac{\pi }{4}\right)cos\left(x+\frac{\pi }{4}\right).$ +$设函数 g(x)=f(x)-\cos x,求 g(x) 的值域.$" ['$g(x)=f(x)-cos x=cos 2x-cos x$\n$=2cos^2x - cosx - 1 = 2\\left(cosx -\\frac{1}{4}\\right)^2-\\frac{9}{8},$\n$因为 cosx \\in [-1,1],$\n$所以 g(x) 的值域为 [-\\frac{9}{8},2]。$'] ['$[-\\frac{9}{8},2]$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +94 "$在\triangle ABC中,角A,B,C所对的边分别为a,b,c.已知c=4,A=\frac{\pi }{3}.$ +$求\sin B - \sqrt{3} \cos C的取值范围.$" ['$由A = \\frac{\\pi }{3} 可知B + C = \\frac{2\\pi }{3},即B = \\frac{2\\pi }{3} - C.$\n\n$所以 sinB - \\sqrt{3} cosC = sin\\left(\\frac{2\\pi }{3}-C\\right) - \\sqrt{3} cosC$\n\n$= \\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2} cosC + \\frac{1}{2} sinC - \\sqrt{3} cosC$\n\n$= \\frac{1}{2} sinC - \\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2} cosC = sin\\left(C-\\frac{\\pi }{3}\\right).$\n\n$因为A = \\frac{\\pi }{3},所以C \\in \\left(0,\\frac{2\\pi }{3}\\right),所以C - \\frac{\\pi }{3}\\in \\left(-\\frac{\\pi }{3},\\frac{\\pi }{3}\\right).$\n\n$所以 sin\\left(C-\\frac{\\pi }{3}\\right) \\in \\left(-\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2},\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}\\right).$\n\n$即 sinB - \\sqrt{3} cosC \\in \\left(-\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2},\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}\\right).$\n\n'] ['\\left(-\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2},\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}\\right)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Interval Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +95 "$已知向量 m=(2\cos x + 2\sqrt{3} \sin x,1), n=(\cos x,-y),且满足 m\cdot n=0.$ +$已知a,b,c分别为\triangle ABC的三个内角A,B,C所对的边,f(x)(x\in R)的最大值是f\left(\frac{A}{2}\right),且a=2, 求b+c的取值范围.$" ['$由题意得A+\\frac{\\pi }{6}=2k\\pi +\\frac{\\pi }{2} (k\\in Z) ,因为07\\},因此 A\\cup \\complement _{R}B=\\{x|x<6或x>7\\}.$'] ['(-\\infty,-1]\\cup[6,+\\infty), (-\\infty,6)\\cup(7,+\\infty)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Interval Open-ended Set Theory Math Chinese +100 "$已知集合A=\{x|x^2-5x-6<0\},B=\{x|m+1\leq x\leq 2m-1, m\in{R}\}.$ +$若A\cup B=A,求实数m的取值范围.$" ['$因为 A \\cup B = A,所以 B \\subseteq A. $\n\n$当 B = \\emptyset时, m + 1 > 2m - 1,则 m < 2;$\n\n$当 B \\neq \\emptyset 时,由题意得$\n$$\n\\begin{cases}\n2m-1 \\geq m+1,\\\\\n2m-1 < 6,\\\\\nm+1 > -1,\n\\end{cases}\n$$\n$解得 2 \\leq m < \\frac{7}{2}.$\n\n$综上,实数 m 的取值范围是 (-\\infty ,\\frac{7}{2}).$'] ['$(-\\infty ,\\frac{7}{2})$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Set Theory Math Chinese +101 "$设函数f(x)=\sqrt{2+x}+ln(4-x)的定义域为A,集合B={x|m+1\leq x\leq 2m-1}(m\geq 2).$ +求集合A;" ['$要使函数f(x)有意义,则有$\n\n$$\n\\begin{align*} \n2+x &\\geq 0,\\\\ \n4-x &>0,\n\\end{align*}\n$$\n\n$解得-2\\leq x<4,所以集合A=\\{x|-2\\leq x<4\\}.$'] ['[-2,4)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Set Theory Math Chinese +102 "$设函数f(x)=\sqrt{2+x}+ln(4-x)的定义域为A,集合B={x|m+1\leq x\leq 2m-1}(m\geq 2).$ +$若p:x\in A,q:x\in B,且p是q的必要不充分条件,求实数m的取值范围.$" ['$因为p是q的必要不充分条件,所以,当B=\\emptyset 时,m+1>2m-1,解得m<2 (舍去).$\n$当B\\neq \\emptyset 时,$\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}m+1\\leq 2m-1,\\\\ m+1\\geq -2,\\\\ 2m-1<4,\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n$解得2\\leq m<\\frac{5}{2}.$\n$综上可知,实数m的取值范围是[2,\\frac{5}{2}).$'] ['$[2,\\frac{5}{2})$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Logic Math Chinese +103 "$函数f(x) = \sin x + \cos x + \sin 2x, x\in (0, \frac{\pi}{2})的值域为集合A,函数g(x) = \ln \frac{x-a^2-\sqrt{2}}{a-x}的定义域为集合B,记p: x\in A,q: x\in B.$ +$若p是q的充分不必要条件,求实数a的取值范围.$" ['$若p是q的充分不必要条件,则A\\subsetneq B,即$\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\na\\leq 1,\\\\ \na^2+\\sqrt{2} > \\sqrt{2}+1,\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n$解得a < -1.$'] ['(-\\infty,-1)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Logic Math Chinese +104 "$已知集合A={x|1\leq x\leq 5},B={x|(x-a)(x-3)>0}(a\in R).$ +$若a=-1,求A \cup B;$" ['$当a=-1时,B=\\{x|(x-a)(x-3)>0\\}=\\{x|x<-1或x>3\\},又A=\\{x|1\\leq x\\leq 5\\},所以A\\cup B=\\{x|x<-1或x\\geq 1\\}.$'] ['(-\\infty,-1)\\cup[1,+\\infty)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Set Theory Math Chinese +105 "$已知集合A={x|1\leq x\leq 5},B={x|(x-a)(x-3)>0}(a\in R).$ +$若A\cup B=\mathbf{R},求a的取值范围.$" ['$当a>3时,B={x|(x-a)(x-3)>0}={x|x<3或x>a},因为A\\cup B=R,所以30}={x|x3},因为A\\cup B=R,所以1\\leq a<3。$\n\n$当a=3时,B={x|(x-3)(x-3)>0}={x|x\\neq 3},此时A\\cup B=R,满足题意。$\n\n$综上所述,1\\leq a\\leq 5,故a的取值范围为[1,5]。$'] ['$[1,5]$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Set Theory Math Chinese +106 "$已知命题p: \exists x \in R, x^2-2x+a^2=0,命题p为真命题时实数a的取值集合为A.$ +求集合A;" ['$命题p为真命题,则\\Delta =4-4a^2\\geq 0,得-1\\leq a\\leq 1,\\therefore A=\\{a|-1\\leq a\\leq 1\\}.$'] ['[-1,1]'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Set Theory Math Chinese +107 "$已知命题p: \exists x \in R, x^2-2x+a^2=0,命题p为真命题时实数a的取值集合为A.$ +$设集合B=\{a|2m-3a+1,即a>1/2,则B=\\{x|a+1= -1/2,3a<= 3,a>1/2\\}解得1/2= -1/2,a+1<= 3,a<1/2\\}解得-1/6\\leq a<1/2.$\n\n$综上所述,实数a的取值范围是\\{a|-1/6\\leq a\\leq 1\\}.$'] ['[-1/6,1]'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Set Theory Math Chinese +110 "$已知函数f(x) = ax^{2} + bx + 2,关于x的不等式f(x) > 0的解集为\{x | -2 < x < 1\}.$ +$若关于x的不等式ax^2 + 2x - 3b > 0的解集为A,关于x的不等式3ax+bm<0的解集为B,且A \subseteq B,求实数m的取值范围.$" ['$不等式 -x^2+2x+3>0 的解集为 A={x|-1-\\frac{m}{3}\\right\\}, 因为 A\\subseteq B, 所以 -\\frac{m}{3}\\leq -1, 解得 m\\geq 3. 故 m 的取值范围为 \\{m|m\\geq 3\\}.$'] ['[3,+\\infty)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +111 "$已知a,b\in R且a>0,函数f(x) = \frac{4^x+b}{4^x-a}是奇函数.$ +$对于任意x \in(0,+\infty),不等式m\cdot f(x)-f\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)>0 恒成立,求实数m 的取值范围.$" ['$不等式mf(x)-f\\left(\\frac{x}{2}\\right)>0\\Leftrightarrow m\\left(1+\\frac{2}{4^x-1}\\right)-\\left(1+\\frac{2}{4^{\\frac{x}{2}}-1}\\right)>0对任意x\\in (0,+\\infty )恒成立,$\n\n$令2^x=t(t>1),则m>\\frac{\\frac{t+1}{t-1}}{\\frac{t^2+1}{t^2-1}}=\\frac{(t+1)^2}{t^2+1}=\\frac{t^2+1+2t}{t^2+1}=1+\\frac{2t}{t^2+1}=1+\\frac{2}{t+\\frac{1}{t}}对t>1恒成立,$\n\n$\\because y=\\frac{2}{t+\\frac{1}{t}}在(1,+\\infty )上单调递减,$\n\n$\\therefore y=1+\\frac{2}{t+\\frac{1}{t}}<2,$\n\n$\\therefore m\\geq 2,$\n\n$\\therefore m的取值范围为[2,+\\infty ).$'] ['[2,+\\infty )'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +112 "$已知函数f(x)是定义在R上的奇函数,且当x>0时, f(x)=-x^2+2x.$ +$解关于x的不等式f(x)<3。$" ['$当x>0时,-x^2+2x<3恒成立;$\n$当x=0时,0<3显然成立;$\n$当x<0时,x^2+2x<3,即x^2+2x-3<0,解得-3<x<1,此时-3<x<0.$\n$综上,x>-3,即不等式的解集为(-3,+\\infty )。$'] ['$(-3,+\\infty )$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +113 "$已知定义域为R的函数f(x)=\frac{-2^x+a}{2^x+1}是奇函数.$ +$若对任意的t\in [1,2],不等式f(t^2-2t)+f(2t^2-k)<0恒成立,求实数k的取值范围.$" ['$因为f(t^2-2t)+f(2t^2-k)<0且f(x)为奇函数,$\n\n$所以f(t^2-2t)k-2t^2对t\\in [1,2]恒成立,所以k<3t^2-2t对t\\in [1,2]恒成立,$\n\n$令g(t)=3t^2-2t,t\\in [1,2],则g(t)图象的对称轴为直线t=\\frac{1}{3},所以g(t)在[1,2]上单调递增,所以g(t)_{min}=g(1)=3-2=1,所以k<1,即k\\in (-\\infty ,1).$'] ['(-\\infty ,1)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +114 "$已知函数f(x)=x^2+ax-2,a\in R.$ +$当a=1时,求不等式f(x)<0的解集;$" ['$当a=1时,由f(x)<0得x^2+x-2<0,$\n\n$即(x-1)(x+2)<0,解得-2'] ['$[2, 6]$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +116 "$已知函数f(x) = log_2(x + a)的定义域为[1,9],且f(x)的图象经过点(3,2).$ +$求函数h(x) = f(x^2) - f(x-1)的值域.$" [':\n由\n\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}1\\leq x^2\\leq 9,\\\\ 1\\leq x-1\\leq 9\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n\n$得2\\leq x\\leq 3,则h(x)的定义域为[2,3].h(x)=f(x^2)-f(x-1)= \\log_2(x^2+1)-\\log_2x= \\log_2\\frac{x^2+1}{x}= \\log_2\\left(x+\\frac{1}{x}\\right), 易证h(x)= \\log_2\\left(x+\\frac{1}{x}\\right)在[2,3]上为增函数,且h(2)=\\log_2\\frac{5}{2}, h(3)=\\log_2\\frac{10}{3},$\n$所以h(x)的值域为[\\log _2\\frac{5}{2},\\log _2\\frac{10}{3}]。$'] ['$[\\log _2\\frac{5}{2},\\log _2\\frac{10}{3}]$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +117 "$某工厂生产某种产品的年固定成本为200万元,每生产x千件,需另投入成本C(x)万元,当年产量不足50千件时,C(x)=\frac{1}{2}x^2+10x,当年产量不小于50千件时,C(x)=52x+\frac{7 200}{x+1}-1 200,已知每千件商品售价为50万元,通过市场分析,该厂生产的商品能全部售完.$ +$当年产量不小于50千件时,写出年利润L(x) (万元)关于年产量x (千件)的函数解析式;$" ['$当0 0,不合题意$\n\n$②当 \\frac{m}{2} > 2,即m > 4时,有 \\Delta = m^2 - 8m - 20 \\geq 0,解得 m \\geq 10 或 m \\leq -2,此时 m \\geq 10$\n\n$综上所述,实数m 的取值范围是 [10,+\\infty )$'] ['$[10,+\\infty )$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +119 "$已知f(x)为偶函数,g(x)为奇函数,且满足f(x)-g(x)=2^{1-x}。$ +$若h(x)=|\frac{1}{2}[f(x)+g(x)]-1|,且方程h^2(x) - (2k+\frac{1}{2})h(x) + k = 0有三个解,求实数k的取值范围.$" ['$h(x)=|\\frac{1}{2}[f(x)+g(x)]-1|=|2^x-1|=\\{1-2^x,x\\leq 0,\\\\ 2^x-1,x>0,$\n\n$作出函数h(x)的图象如图所示$\n\n\n\n$由h(x)^2-(2k+\\frac{1}{2})h(x)+k=0可得[h(x)-\\frac{1}{2}]\\cdot [h(x)-2k]=0$\n\n$由图可知,方程h(x)=\\frac{1}{2}有两个不等的实根$\n\n$由题意可知,方程h(x)=2k有且只有一个根,故2k=0或2k\\geq 1,解得k=0或k\\geq \\frac{1}{2}.$\n\n$因此,实数k的取值范围是{0}\\cup [\\frac{1}{2},+\\infty )$'] ['${0}\\cup [\\frac{1}{2},+\\infty )$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +120 "$已知函数f(x)=ax+b+\\cos x (a,b\in \mathbb{R}),若曲线f(x)在点(0,f(0))处的切线方程为y=\frac{1}{2}x+2。$ +$求函数f(x)在[0,2\pi ]上的值域.$" "[""$由(1)得 f(x)=\\frac{1}{2}x+1+\\cos x, f'(x)=\\frac{1}{2}-\\\\sin x,$\n$由 f'(x) \\ge 0 且 x \\in [0,2\\pi] 可得 0 \\le x \\le \\frac{\\pi}{6} 或 \\frac{5\\pi}{6} \\le x \\le 2\\pi,函数 f(x) 在区间 [0,\\frac{\\pi}{6}] 和 [\\frac{5\\pi}{6},2\\pi] 上单调递增,$\n$由 f'(x)<0 且 x \\in [0,2\\pi] 可得 \\frac{\\pi}{6}0, 当x>0时, f'(x)<0,所以 f(x) 的单调递增区间为(-1,0), 单调递减区间为(0,+\\infty ).$\n\n""]" ['$(-1,0)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Interval Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +122 "$已知函数f(x)=x-a\sin x的图象在点(0,f(0))处的切线方程为y=-x。$ +$求 f(x) 在[0,2\pi ]上的单调递增区间.$" "[""$由(1)可得f '(x)=1-2\\cos x.$\n\n$在区间[0,2\\pi ]上,由f '(x)=0,解得x=\\frac{\\pi }{3}或x=\\frac{5\\pi }{3}.$\n\n$当0<x<\\frac{\\pi }{3}或\\frac{5\\pi }{3}0,则f(x)单调递增.$\n\n$综上可得,f_(x)的单调递减区间为[0,\\frac{\\pi }{3}],[\\frac{5\\pi }{3},2\\pi ],单调递增区间为(\\frac{\\pi }{3},\\frac{5\\pi }{3}).$\n\n""]" ['(\\frac{\\pi }{3},\\frac{5\\pi }{3})'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +123 "$已知函数f(x)=x^{3}+\lambda x^{2}-\frac{3}{2}x (\lambda \in R)为奇函数.$ +$若f(x)\leq m^2+4m对x\in [-\frac{1}{2},2]恒成立,求实数m的取值范围;$" "[""$因为f(x)=x^3+\\lambda x^2-\\frac{3}{2}x(\\lambda \\in R)为奇函数,$\n\n$所以f(-x)=-f(x),即-x^3+\\lambda x^2+\\frac{3}{2}x=-x^3-\\lambda x^2+\\frac{3}{2}x,$\n\n$解得\\lambda =0,所以f(x)=x^3-\\frac{3}{2}x,f'(x)=3x^2-\\frac{3}{2},令f'(x)=0,得x=-\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}或\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2},f(x),f'(x)随x的变化情况如表.$\n\n|x|-1/2|$(-1/2, \\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2})$|$\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}$|$(\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}, 2)$|2|\n|---|---|---|----|---|---|\n|f'(x)||-|0|+||\n|f(x)|5/8|$\\text{单调递减}$|极小值$ -\\frac{ \\sqrt{2} }{2}$|$\\text{单调递增}$|5|\n\n$由表知,f(x)_max=f(2)=5,由f(x)\\leq m^2+4m对x \\in [-1/2,2]恒成立,得m^2+4m\\geq 5,解得m \\leq -5或m \\geq 1.$\n$故m的取值范围是(-\\infty ,-5]\\cup [1,+\\infty ).$""]" ['$(-\\infty ,-5]\\cup [1,+\\infty )$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +124 "$已知函数f(x)=ae^{-x}+x-2. a>0$ +$求f(x)的单调递减区间;$" "[""$因为f(x)=ae^{-x}+x-2=\\frac{a}{e^x}+x-2,$\n\n$所以f'(x)=\\frac{e^x-a}{e^x}.$\n\n$若a\\leq 0,则f'(x)>0恒成立$;\n\n$若a>0,则当x\\in (-\\infty ,ln a)时,f'(x)<0,当x\\in (ln a,+\\infty )时,f'(x)>0$.\n\n$故当a\\leq 0时,f(x)的单调递增区间为(-\\infty ,+\\infty ),无单调递减区间$;\n\n$当a>0时,f(x)的单调递增区间为(ln a,+\\infty ),单调递减区间为(-\\infty ,ln a)$.\n\n""]" ['(-\\infty ,ln a)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +125 "$已知函数f(x)=ae^{-x}+x-2.$ +$若f(x)\geq 0恒成立,求a的取值范围.$" "[""$f(x) \\geq 0等价于a \\geq (2-x)e^x,$\n\n$令函数 g(x)=(2-x)e^x,则 g'(x)=(1-x)e^x,$\n\n$当x \\in (-\\infty ,1)时,g'(x)>0,g(x)单调递增;当 x \\in (1,+\\infty )时,g'(x)<0,g(x)单调递减.$\n\n$则g(x) \\leq g(1) = e,故a的取值范围为[e,+\\infty ).$""]" ['[e,+\\infty )'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +126 $已知函数f(x)=x^2-(a-2)x-a \ln x(a \in \mathbb{R}),当a>0时,求函数y=f(x)的单调递减区间.$ "[""函数f(x)的定义域是(0,+\\infty ),\n$f'(x)=2x-(a-2)-\\frac{a}{x}=\\frac{(x+1)(2x-a)}{x}. $\n(1)$当a\\leq 0时,f'(x)>0对任意x\\in (0,+\\infty )恒成立, \n所以函数f(x)在区间(0,+\\infty )上单调递增; $ \n$(2)当a>0时,由f'(x)>0得x>\\frac{a}{2},由f'(x)<0得00时,f(x)的单调增区间为\\left(\\frac{a}{2},+\\infty\\right),单调减区间为\\left(0,\\frac{a}{2}\\right).$\n\n""]" ['$(0,\\frac{a}{2})$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +127 $已知函数f(x) = x^2 - 2x + alnx,当a > 0时,求函数f(x)的单调递减区间.$ "[""$f(x)=x^2-2x+aln x的定义域为(0,+\\infty ),f' (x)=2x-2+\\frac{a}{x}=\\frac{2x^2-2x+a}{x}(x>0),$\n\n$令f' (x)=0,可得2x^2-2x+a=0(a>0),$\n\n$当\\Delta =4-8a\\leq 0,即a\\geq \\frac{1}{2}时,f' (x)\\geq 0对于x\\in (0,+\\infty )恒成立,所以f(x)在(0,+\\infty )上单调递增.$\n\n$当\\Delta =4-8a>0,即00可得0\\frac{1+\\sqrt{1-2a}}{2},$\n\n$由f' (x)<0可得\\frac{1-\\sqrt{1-2a}}{2}0; 当x>1时,h'(x)<0. 所以h(x)在区间(0,1)上单调递增,在区间(1,+\\infty )上单调递减. 从而当x >=1时,h(x)取得最大值,最大值为h(1)=-1-c. 故当且仅当-1-c \\leq 0, 即c \\geq -1时, f(x) \\leq 2x+c.$\n\n$所以c的取值范围为[-1,+\\infty ).$""]" ['$[-1,+\\infty )$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +129 "$已知函数f(x)=a\ln x-\sqrt{x}+1(x>0),a \in R。$ +$当a>0,求f(x)的单调递增区间;$" "[""$函数f(x)的定义域为(0,+\\infty ), f'(x)=\\frac{a}{x}-\\frac{1}{2\\sqrt{x}}=\\frac{2a-\\sqrt{x}}{2x}. $\n\n若a\\leq 0,则f'(x)<0对任意x\\in (0,+\\infty )恒成立,此时函数f(x)在(0,+\\infty )上为减函数; \n\n$若a>0,由f'(x)>0可得04a^2,此时,函数f(x)的单调递增区间为(0,4a^2),单调递减区间为 (4a^2,+\\infty ). $\n\n$综上所述,当a\\leq 0时,函数f(x)在(0,+\\infty )上为减函数;当a>0时,函数f(x)在(0,4a^2)上单调递增,在(4a^2,+\\infty )上单调递减.$\n\n""]" ['$(0,4a^{2})$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +130 "$已知函数f(x)=2x^3-ax^2+b.$ +$求a<0时,f(x)的单调递减区间;$" "[""$f'(x)=6x^2-2ax=2x(3x-a)$。\n$令f'(x)=0,得x=0或x=\\frac{a}{3}$。\n$若a>0,则当x属于(-\\infty ,0)\\cup \\left(\\frac{a}{3},+\\infty \\right)时,f'(x)>0;当x属于\\left(0,\\frac{a}{3}\\right)时,f'(x)<0,故f(x)在(-\\infty ,0),\\left(\\frac{a}{3},+\\infty \\right)单调递增,在\\left(0,\\frac{a}{3}\\right)单调递减$。\n$若a=0,f(x)在(-\\infty ,+\\infty )单调递增$。\n$若a<0,则当x属于\\left(-\\infty ,\\frac{a}{3}\\right)\\cup (0,+\\infty )时,f'(x)>0;当x属于\\left(\\frac{a}{3},0\\right)时,f'(x)<0,故f(x)在\\left(-\\infty ,\\frac{a}{3}\\right),(0,+\\infty )单调递增,在\\left(\\frac{a}{3},0\\right)单调递减$。\n\n""]" ['$(\\frac{a}{3},0)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Interval Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +131 "$已知函数f(x)=x^3-ax-1(a\in R).$ +$若函数f(x)在R上单调递增,求实数a的取值范围;$" "[""$f'(x)=3x^{2}-a.$\n\n$因为f(x)在\\mathbb{R}上单调递增,所以 f'(x)\\geq0 恒成立,即 a\\leq3x^{2} 恒成立,故 a\\leq(3x^{2})_{min}=0.$\n\n$经检验,当a=0时,符合题意,$\n\n$故实数a的取值范围是(-\\infty,0]。$""]" ['$(-\\infty,0]$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +132 "$已知函数f(x)=x^3-ax-1(a\in R).$ +$若函数f(x)在区间(-1,1)上单调递减,求实数a的取值范围.$" "[""$由(1),得f'(x)=3x^2-a,因为函数f(x)在区间(-1,1)上单调递减,所以f'(x)\\leq 0在x\\in (-1,1)上恒成立,即a\\geq 3x^2在x\\in (-1,1)上恒成立。$\n$又函数y=3x^2在(-1,1)上的值域为[0,3),所以a\\geq 3。故实数a的取值范围是[3,+\\infty )。$""]" ['$[3,+\\infty )$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +133 "$设函数f(x)=1+(1+a)x-x^2-x^3,其中a>0.$ +$求f(x)在其定义域上的单调递增区间;$" "[""$f(x)的定义域为(-\\infty ,+\\infty ), f'(x)=1+a-2x-3x^2.$\n$令f'(x)=0,得x_1=\\frac{-1-\\sqrt{4+3a}}{3},x_2=\\frac{-1+\\sqrt{4+3a}}{3},x_1x_2时, f'(x)<0;$\n$当x_10.$\n$故f(x)在(-\\infty ,x_1)和(x_2,+\\infty )内单调递减,在(x_1,x_2)内单调递增.$\n\n""]" ['$(\\frac{-1-\\sqrt{4+3a}}{3}, \\frac{-1+\\sqrt{4+3a}}{3})$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +134 "$已知函数f(x)=x^{2}-a\ln x(a\in R)。$ +$求当a>2e时,函数f(x)的零点个数;$" "[""$f'(x) = 2x - \\frac{a}{x} = \\frac{2x^2 - a}{x} (x > 0).$\n\n$①当 a \\leq 0 时,f'(x) > 0,函数 f(x) 在区间 (0, +\\infty ) 上单调递增,$\n\n$(i) a = 0 时,函数 f(x) 在 (0, +\\infty ) 上无零点;$\n\n$(ii) a < 0 时,x \\rightarrow 0 时, f(x) \\rightarrow -\\infty ,f(e) = e^2 - a > 0,$\n\n$\\therefore f(x) 在 (0, +\\infty ) 上只有一个零点。$\n\n$②当 a > 0 时,函数 f(x) 在区间 \\left(0, \\sqrt{\\frac{a}{2}}\\right) 上单调递减,在区间 \\left(\\sqrt{\\frac{a}{2}},+\\infty \\right) 上单调递增,(注意 x \\rightarrow 0 时, f(x) \\rightarrow +\\infty ,x \\rightarrow +\\infty 时, f(x) \\rightarrow +\\infty )$\n\n$所以 f(x) \\geq f\\left(\\sqrt{\\frac{a}{2}}\\right) = \\frac{a}{2} - a \\ln \\sqrt{\\frac{a}{2}} = \\frac{a}{2}(1-\\mathrm{ln} \\frac{a}{2}),$\n\n$(i) f\\left(\\sqrt{\\frac{a}{2}}\\right) > 0,即 0 < a < 2e 时, f(x) 无零点;$\n\n$(ii) f\\left(\\sqrt{\\frac{a}{2}}\\right) = 0,即 a = 2e 时, f(x) 只有一个零点;$\n\n$(iii) f\\left(\\sqrt{\\frac{a}{2}}\\right) < 0,即 a > 2e 时, f(x) 有两个零点.$\n\n$综上所述,当 a < 0 或 a = 2e 时, f(x) 只有一个零点;当 0 \\leq a < 2e 时, f(x) 无零点;当 a > 2e 时, f(x) 有两个零点.$\n\n""]" ['$2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +135 "$已知a>0且a\neq 1,函数f(x)=\frac{x^a}{a^x}(x>0).$ +$当a=2时,求f(x)的单调递增区间;$" "[""$当a=2时, f(x)=\\frac{x^2}{2^{x}}=x^2\\cdot2^{-x}(x>0),$\n\n$则f'(x)=2x\\cdot2^{-x}+x^2\\cdot(-ln 2\\cdot2^{-x})=x\\cdot2^{-x}(2-xln 2).$\n\n$令f'(x)=0,则x=\\frac{2}{\\mathrm{ln} 2}, f'(x), f(x)的变化情况如下:$\n\n| x | $(0,\\frac{2}{\\mathrm{ln} 2})$ | $\\frac{2}{\\mathrm{ln} 2}$ | $(\\frac{2}{\\mathrm{ln} 2},+\\infty)$ |\n|----|---|---|---|\n| f'x) | + | 0 | - |\n| f(x) | $\\text{单调递增}$ | 极大值 | $\\text{单调递减}$ |\n\n$所以函数f(x)在(0,\\frac{2}{\\mathrm{ln} 2})上单调递增,在(\\frac{2}{\\mathrm{ln} 2},+\\infty)上单调递减.$\n\n""]" ['(0,\\frac{2}{\\ln 2})'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +136 "$已知a>0且a\neq 1,函数f(x)=\frac{x^a}{a^x}(x>0).$ +若曲线y=f(x)与直线y=1有且仅有两个交点,求a的取值范围." "[""$令f(x)=1,则 \\frac{x^a}{a^x}=1, 所以x^a=a^x,两边同时取对数,可得a \\ln x=x \\ln a, 即 \\frac{\\mathrm{ln} x}{x} = \\frac{\\mathrm{ln} a}{a},根据题意可知,方程 \\frac{\\mathrm{ln} x}{x} = \\frac{\\mathrm{ln} a}{a} 有两个实数解。设g(x) = \\frac{\\mathrm{ln} x}{x} ,则 g'(x) =\\frac{1-\\mathrm{ln} x}{x^2} , $\n\n$令g'(x)=0,则x=e。 $\n\n$当x \\in (0,e)时,g'(x) > 0, g(x)单调递增; $\n\n$当x \\in (e,+\\infty )时,g'(x) < 0,g(x)单调递减。 $\n\n$又知g(1) = 0, \\lim_{x \\to +\\infty }g(x)=0,g_{max}=g(e) =\\frac{1}{\\mathrm{e}}, $\n\n$所以要使曲线y = f(x)与直线y = 1有且仅有两个交点,则只需 \\frac{\\mathrm{ln} a}{a} \\in \\left(0, \\frac{1}{\\mathrm{e}}\\right) $,\n\n$即g(a) = \\frac{\\mathrm{ln} a}{a} \\in $$(0,\\frac{1}{e})$,所以$a \\in (1,e) \\cup (e,+\\infty)$.\n\n$综上,实数a的取值范围为(1,e)\\cup (e, +\\infty )。$""]" ['$(1,e)\\cup (e, +\\infty )$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +137 "$已知函数f(x)=ax-\frac{1}{x}-(a+1)lnx.$ +$若f(x)恰有一个零点,求a的取值范围.$" ['$解法一:f^\\prime(x)=a+\\frac{1}{x^2}-\\frac{a+1}{x}=\\frac{(ax-1)(x-1)}{x^2}.$\n\n$(i)当a\\leq0时,ax-1\\leq0恒成立,$\n\n$\\therefore 00,f(x)单调递增,$\n\n$x>1时,f^\\prime(x)<0,f(x)��调递减,$\n\n$\\therefore f_{max}(x)=f(1)=a-1<0.$\n\n$此时f(x)无零点,不合题意.$\n\n$(ii)当a>0时,令f^\\prime(x)=0,解得x=1或x=\\frac{1}{a},$\n\n$①当0\\frac{1}{a}时, f^\\prime(x)>0, f(x)单调递增,$\n\n$\\therefore f(x)在(0,1),\\left(\\frac{1}{a},+\\infty \\right)上单调递增,在\\left(1,\\frac{1}{a}\\right)上单调递减, f_{max}(x)=f(1)=a-1<0,$\n\n$x\\to+\\infty时, f(x)>0,\\therefore f(x)恰有1个零点.$\n\n$②当a=1时,1=\\frac{1}{a}, f(x)在(0,+\\infty )上单调递增, f(1)=0,符合题意.$\n\n$③当a>1时,\\frac{1}{a}<1, f(x)在\\left(0,\\frac{1}{a}\\right),(1,+\\infty )上单调递增,在\\left(\\frac{1}{a},1\\right)上单调递减,$\n\n$f_{min}(x)=f(1)=a-1>0, x\\to0时,f(x)\\to-\\infty,$\n\n$\\therefore f(x)恰有1个零点.$\n\n$综上所述,a>0.$\n\n$解法二: f(x)=ax-\\frac{1}{x}-(a+1)ln x只有一个零点,$\n\n$即a(x-ln x)=\\frac{1}{x}+ln x在(0,+\\infty )上只有一个解.$\n\n$由ln x\\leq x-1,得x-ln x\\geq1,$\n\n$\\therefore a=\\frac{\\frac{1}{x}+\\mathrm{ln} x}{x-\\mathrm{ln} x},令g(x)=\\frac{\\frac{1}{x}+\\mathrm{ln} x}{x-\\mathrm{ln} x},$\n\n$则g^\\prime(x)=\\frac{\\left(-\\frac{1}{x^2}+\\frac{1}{x}\\right)(x-\\mathrm{ln} x)-\\left(1-\\frac{1}{x}\\right)\\left(\\frac{1}{x}+\\mathrm{ln} x\\right)}{(x-\\mathrm{ln} x)^2}$\n\n$=\\frac{\\frac{x-1}{x}\\left(1-\\frac{\\mathrm{ln} x}{x}-\\frac{1}{x}-ln x\\right)}{(x-\\mathrm{ln} x)^2},$\n\n$令h(x)=1-\\frac{\\mathrm{ln} x}{x}-\\frac{1}{x}-ln x,$\n\n$则h^\\prime(x)=\\frac{\\mathrm{ln} x-x}{x^2},h^\\prime(x)<0在(0,+\\infty )上恒成立,$\n\n$\\therefore h(x)在(0,+\\infty )上单调递减,且h(1)=0,$\n\n$\\therefore 在(0,1)上,h(x)>0,在(1,+\\infty )上,h(x)<0,$\n\n$故在(0,1)上,g^\\prime(x)<0,在(1,+\\infty )上,g^\\prime(x)<0,$\n\n$\\therefore g(x)在(0,+\\infty )上单调递减,$\n\n$x\\to0,g(x)\\to+\\infty , x\\to+\\infty,g(x)\\to0,$\n\n$\\therefore g(x)>0,\\therefore 当a>0时,a(x-ln x)=\\frac{1}{x}+ln x恰有一解.$\n\n$故a>0.$'] ['(0,+\\infty)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +138 "$已知函数f(x)=\frac{e^x}{x}-lnx+x-a.$ +$若f(x)\geq 0,求a的取值范围;$" "[""$f(x) = \\frac{e^x}{x}- ln(x) +x -a,\\therefore 函数f(x) 的定义域为(0,+\\infty),f'(x) = \\frac{e^x(x-1)}{x^2}-\\frac{1}{x}+1=\\frac{(e^x+x)(x-1)}{x^2}。$\n\n$令f'(x)=0,得x=1,f(x),f'(x) 的变化情况如下:$\n\n| x | (0,1) | 1 | $(1,+\\infty )$ |\n|-------|-------|---|--------|\n| f'(x) | - | 0 | + |\n| f(x) | $\\text{单调递减}$ | | $\\text{单调递增}$ |\n\n$\\therefore 当x=1时, f_{min}(x)=e+1-a。
$\n$\\because f(x)\\geq 0,\\therefore e+1-a\\geq 0,\\therefore a\\leq e+1.$""]" ['(-\\infty,e+1]'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +139 "$已知函数f(x)=x(1-ln x).$ +$求f(x)的单调递增区间;$" "[""$函数f(x) 的定义域为 (0, +\\infty ), f'(x) = -ln x, 令 f'(x) > 0, 解得 0 < x < 1, 令 f'(x) < 0, 解得 x > 1, 所以函数 f(x) 在 (0,1) 上单调递增,在 (1, +\\infty ) 上单调递减.$\n\n""]" ['(0,1)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +140 "$已知函数f(x)=ae^{x-1}-\ln x+\ln a.$ +$若f(x)\geq 1,求a的取值范围.$" "[""当00.所以当x=1时, f(x)取得最小值,最小值为f(1)=1,从而f(x)\\geq 1.$\n\n$当a>1时, f(x)=ae^{x-1}-ln x+ln a\\geq e^{x-1}-ln x\\geq 1.$\n\n$综上,a的取值范围是[1,+\\infty ).$""]" ['[1,+\\infty)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +141 "$已知函数 f(x) = e^{x} + ax^2 - x.$ +$当x\geq 0时, f(x)\geq \frac{1}{2} x^3 +1 ,求a的取值范围.$" "[""$f(x)\\geq \\frac{1}{2}x^3+1等价于\\left(\\frac{1}{2}x^3-ax^2+x+1\\right)e^{-x}\\leq 1.$\n$设函数g(x)=\\left(\\frac{1}{2}x^3-ax^2+x+1\\right)e^{-x}(x\\geq 0), $\n$则g'(x)=-\\left(\\frac{1}{2}x^3-ax^2+x+1-\\frac{3}{2}x^2+2ax-1\\right)e^{-x} $\n$=-\\frac{1}{2}x[x^2-(2a+3)x+4a+2]e^{-x} $\n$=-\\frac{1}{2}x(x-2a-1)(x-2)e^{-x}. $\n$(i)若2a+1\\leq 0,即a\\leq -\\frac{1}{2},则当x\\in (0,2)时,g'(x)>0. 所以g(x)在 (0,2) 单调递增,而g(0)=1,故当x\\in (0,2)时,g(x)>1,不合题意. $\n$(ii)若0 < 2a +1 < 2, 即 -\\frac{1}{2} < a < \\frac{1}{2},则当x \\in (0,2a+1) \\cup (2,\\infty )时,g'(x) < 0;当x \\in (2a+1,2)时,g'(x) > 0.所以g(x)在(0,2a+1),(2,+\\infty )单调递减,在(2a+1,2)单调递增.由于g(0)=1,所以g(x)\\leq 1当且仅当g(2)=(7-4a)e^{-2}\\leq 1,即a\\geq \\frac{7-e^2}{4}. $\n$所以当\\frac{7-e^2}{4}\\leq a < \\frac{1}{2}时,g(x)\\leq 1. $\n$(iii)若2a+1\\geq 2,即a\\geq \\frac{1}{2},则 g(x)\\leq \\left(\\frac{1}{2}x^3+x+1\\right)e^{-x}. $\n$由于0\\in \\left[\\frac{7-e^2}{4},\\frac{1}{2}\\right), 故由(ii)可得\\left(\\frac{1}{2}x^3+x+1\\right)e^{-x}\\leq 1. $\n$故当a\\geq \\frac{1}{2}时,g(x)\\leq 1. $\n$综上,a的取值范围是\\left[\\frac{7-e^2}{4},+\\infty \\right).$\n\n""]" ['$\\left[\\frac{7-e^2}{4},+\\infty \\right)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +142 "$已知函数f(x)=xe^{ax}-e^{x}.$ +$当a=1时,求f(x)的单调递增区间;$" "[""$当a=1时,f(x)=xe^{x}-e^{x},则f' (x)=xe^{x},$\n\n$当x\\in (-\\infty ,0)时,f' (x)<0,f(x)单调递减,$\n\n$当x\\in (0,+\\infty )时,f'(x)>0,f(x)单调递增.$\n\n""]" ['(0,+\\infty )'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +143 "$已知函数f(x)=xe^{ax}-e^{x}.$ +$当x >0时,f(x) <-1,求a的取值范围;$" "[""$当x > 0时,f(x) < -1,即x e^{ax} - e^{x} < -1在(0,+\\infty )上恒成立,令F(x)=xe^{ax}-e^{x}+1(x > 0),则F(x) < 0在(0,+\\infty )上恒成立.易得F(0)=0,F'(x)=e^{ax}+axe^{ax}-e^{x},F'(0)=0,F''(x)=ae^{ax}+ae^{ax}+a^2xe^{ax}-e^{x},F''(0) = 2a - 1$\n\n$若F''(0)>0,则F'(x)必定存在一个单调递增区间(0,x_0),又F'(0)=0,故F(x)也必定存在一个单调递增区间(0,x'_0)$\n\n$因此F(x) > F(0) = 0在(0,x'_0)上恒成立,与F(x) < 0出现矛盾,所以F''(0) \\leq 0,故a \\leq \\frac{1}{2}$\n\n$因为e^{ax} \\leq e^{\\frac{x}{2}}在(0,+\\infty )上成立,所以F(x) \\leq x e^{\\frac{x}{2}} - e^{x} + 1在(0,+\\infty )上成立,故只需证x e^{\\frac{x}{2}} -e^{x} + 1 < 0在(0,+\\infty )上成立$\n\n$令G(x) = x e^{\\frac{x}{2}} - e^{x} + 1(x > 0),则G'(x) = e^{\\frac{x}{2}} + \\frac{x}{2}e^{\\frac{x}{2}} - e^{x} = e^{\\frac{x}{2}}\\left(1 + \\frac{x}{2} - e^{\\frac{x}{2}}\\right)$\n\n$由于e^{x} > x + 1在(0,+\\infty )上成立,故e^{\\frac{x}{2}} > \\frac{x}{2} + 1在(0,+\\infty )上成立,故G'(x) < 0,所以G(x)在(0,+\\infty )上单调递减,则G(x) < G(0) = 0$\n\n$所以x e^{\\frac{x}{2}} -e^{x} + 1 < 0在(0,+\\infty )上成立$\n\n$故当a \\leq \\frac{1}{2}时,x e^{ax} - e^{x} < -1在(0,+\\infty )成立$\n\n$因此,a的取值范围为(-\\infty ,\\frac{1}{2}]$""]" ['(-\\infty ,\\frac{1}{2}]'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +144 "$设函数f(x)=(x-t_1)(x-t_2)(x-t_3),其中t_1,t_2,t_3 \in \mathbb{R},且t_1,t_2,t_3是公差为d的等差数列.$ +$若曲线 y=f(x) 与直线 y=-(x-t_2)-6\sqrt{3} 有三个互异的公共点,求 d 的取值范围.$" "[""$曲线y=f(x)与直线y=-(x-t_2)-6\\sqrt{3}有三个互异的公共点等价于关于x的方程(x-t_2+d)(x-t_2)(x-t_2-d)+(x-t_2)+6\\sqrt{3}=0有三个互异的实数解.令u=x-t_2,可得u^3+(1-d^2)u+6\\sqrt{3}=0.$\n\n$设函数g(x)=x^3+(1-d^2)x+6\\sqrt{3},则曲线y=f(x)与直线y=-(x-t_2)-6\\sqrt{3}有三个互异的公共点等价于函数y=g(x)有三个零点.$\n\ng'(x)=3x^2+(1-d^2).\n\n$当d^2\\leq 1时,g'(x)\\geq 0,这时g(x)在R上单调递增,不合题意.当d^2 > 1时,令g'(x)=0,解得x_1=-\\frac{\\sqrt{d^2-1}}{\\sqrt{3}},x_2=\\frac{\\sqrt{d^2-1}}{\\sqrt{3}}.易得,g(x)在(-\\infty ,x_1)上单调递增,在[x_1,x_2]上单调递减,在(x_2,+\\infty )上单调递增.$\n\n$g(x)的极大值g(x_1)=g\\left(-\\frac{\\sqrt{d^2-1}}{\\sqrt{3}}\\right)=\\frac{2\\sqrt{3}(d^2-1)^\\frac{3}{2}}{9}+6\\sqrt{3}>0.g(x)的极小值g(x_2)=g\\left(\\frac{\\sqrt{d^2-1}}{\\sqrt{3}}\\right)=-\\frac{2\\sqrt{3}(d^2-1)^\\frac{3}{2}}{9}+6\\sqrt{3}.$\n\n若g(x_2)\\geq 0,由g(x)的单调性可知函数y=g(x)至多有两个零点,不合题意.\n\n$若g(x_2)<0,即(d^2-1)^\\frac{3}{2}>27,也就是|d|>\\sqrt{10},此时|d|>x_2,g(|d|)=|d|+6\\sqrt{3}>0,且-2|d|0,$\n\n$所以y=\\frac{1}{4f(x)}+f(x)\\geq 2\\sqrt{\\frac{1}{4f(x)}\\cdot f(x)}=1,$\n\n$当且仅当\\frac{1}{4f(x)}=f(x),即x=-1\\pm \\sqrt{2}时等号成立,$\n\n$因为存在x\\in R,且x\\neq -1,使得\\frac{1}{4f(x)}+f(x)\\leq |m^2-m-1|成立,所以|m^2-m-1|\\geq 1,$\n\n$所以m^2-m-1\\geq 1或m^2-m-1\\leq -1,$\n\n$解得m\\geq 2或m\\leq -1或0\\leq m\\leq 1。$\n\n$所以m的取值范围为(-\\infty ,-1]\\cup [0,1]\\cup [2,+\\infty )。$'] ['(-\\infty ,-1]\\cup [0,1]\\cup [2,+\\infty )'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +146 "$已知函数f(x) = |x - a| + |x + 3|.$ +$当a=1时,求不等式f(x)\geq 6的解集;$" ['$(零点分段法解不等式)$\n\n$当a=1时, f(x)=\\begin{cases}-2x-2,&x\\leq -3,\\\\ 4,&-3 -a,求 a 的取值范围.$" ['$f(x) > -a,即为f(x)_{min} > -a,(恒成立问题转化为最值问题)$\n\n$因为f(x) = |x-a| + |x+3| \\geq |(x-a) - (x+3)| = |a+3|,当且仅当(x-a)(x+3) \\leq 0时等号成立,(利用绝对值三角不等式求最值)$\n\n$所以f(x)_{min} = |a+3|,所以|a+3| > -a,即为a+3 < a或a+3 > -a,解得a \\in (-\\frac{3}{2}, +\\infty).$'] ['(-\\frac{3}{2}, +\\infty)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +148 "$已知f(x)=|x-a|x+|x-2|(x-a).$ +$当a=1时,求不等式f(x)<0的解集;$" ['$当a=1时, f(x)=|x-1|x+|x-2|(x-1).$\n$当x<1时, f(x)=-2(x-1)^2<0;$\n$当x\\geq 1时, f(x)\\geq 0.$\n$(分x<1和x\\geq 1两种情况讨论)$\n$所以,不等式f(x)<0的解集为(-\\infty ,1).$'] ['$(-\\infty ,1)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +149 "$已知f(x)=|x-a|x+|x-2|(x-a).$ +$若x\in (-\infty ,1)时, f(x)<0,求a的取值范围.$" ['$因为 f(a)=0,所以 a\\geq 1。(利用特殊值缩小参数 a 的范围)$\n\n$当 a\\geq 1,x\\in (-\\infty ,1) 时, f(x)=(a-x)x+(2-x)(x-a)=2(a-x)(x-1)<0,$\n\n$所以,a 的取值范围是[1,+\\infty ).$'] ['[1,+\\infty )'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +150 "$记关于x的不等式x^2-4nx+3n^2\leq 0(n\in N^)的整数解的个数为a_n,数列{b_n}的前n项和为T_n,满足4T_n=3^{n+1}-a_n-2.$ +$设c_n=2b_n-\lambda (-\frac{3}{2})^n,若对任意n\in N^{},都有c_n 0,$\n\n$\\therefore (-1)^n\\lambda > -\\frac{4}{5}\\times 2^n,$\n\n$当n为奇数时,\\lambda< \\frac{4}{5} \\times 2^n,$\n\n$\\because \\frac{4}{5} \\times 2^n 随着n的增大而增大,\\therefore 当n=1时,\\frac{4}{5} \\times 2^n的值最小,为\\frac{8}{5},\\therefore \\lambda < \\frac{8}{5},$\n\n$当n为偶数时,\\lambda > -\\frac{4}{5} \\times 2^n,$\n\n$\\because -\\frac{4}{5}\\times 2^n 随着n的增大而减小,\\therefore 当n=2时,-\\frac{4}{5}\\times 2^n 的值最大,为-\\frac{16}{5},\\therefore \\lambda > -\\frac{16}{5}.$\n\n$综上,可知-\\frac{16}{5} < \\lambda < \\frac{8}{5}.$'] ['(-\\frac{16}{5},\\frac{8}{5})'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +151 "$已知函数f(x)=e^x + x\sin x + \cos x - ax - 2 (a \in \mathbb{R}.)$ +$若f(x) \geq 0 对任意 x \in [0, +\infty) 恒成立,求 a 的取值范围.$" "[""$f'(x)=e^{x}+x\\cos x-a,$\n\n$令h(x)=f'(x)(x\\geq 0),则h'(x)=e^{x}+\\cos x-x\\sin x.$\n\n$令u(x)=e^{x}-1-x(x\\geq 0),则u'(x)=e^{x}-1\\geq 0,所以u(x)在区间[0,+\\infty )上单调递增,$\n\n$则u(x)\\geq u(0)=0,即e^{x}-(x+1)\\geq 0.$\n\n$当x\\geq 0时,\\sin x\\leq 1,则-x\\sin x\\geq -x.又\\cos x\\geq -1,所以\\cos x-x\\sin x\\geq -(x+1),$\n\n$所以e^{x}+\\cos x-x\\sin x\\geq e^{x}-(x+1)\\geq 0,即h'(x)\\geq 0,$\n\n$则h(x)在区间[0,+\\infty )上单调递增,即f'(x)在区间[0,+\\infty )上单调递增,$\n\n$所以f'(x)\\geq f'(0)=1-a.$\n\n$①当1-a\\geq 0,即a\\leq 1时, f'(x)\\geq f'(0)\\geq 0,f(x)在区间[0,+\\infty )上单调递增,$\n\n$所以f(x)\\geq f(0)=0,符合题意;$\n\n$②当1-a<0,即a>1时, f'(a)=e^{a}+a \\cos a-a\\geq e^{a}-2a.$\n\n$令g(a)=e^{a}-2a(a>1),则g'(a)=e^{a}-2>e-2>0,$\n\n$所以g(a)在区间(1,+\\infty )上单调递增,则g(a)>g(1)=e-2>0,故f'(a)>0.$\n\n$又f'(0)<0,所以存在x_{0}\\in (0,a),使得f'(x_{0})=0.$\n\n$当x\\in (0,x_{0})时, f'(x)<0,则f(x)在区间(0,x_{0})上单调递减,此时f(x)0, f(x)单调递增,$\n$ 因此f(x)的单调递减区间为\\left(0,\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}\\right),单调递增区间为\\left(\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2},+\\infty \\right).$\n\n""]" ['\\left(0,\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}\\right)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +153 "$已知函数f(x)=x^2-(a+1)\ln x.$ +$若f(x)\geq (a^2 - a)ln x对x\in (1,+\infty )恒成立,求a的取值范围.$" "[""$由f(x) \\geq (a^2 - a)ln x 对x\\in (1,+\\infty )恒成立,得a^2 + 1 \\leq {{x^2}/{ln x}} 对x\\in (1,+\\infty )恒成立.$\n\n$设h(x) = {{x^2}/{ln x}} (x > 1),则h'(x) = {{x(2ln x - 1)}/{(ln x)^2}}.当x\\in (1, \\sqrt{e})时,h'(x) < 0;当x\\in (\\sqrt{e},+\\infty )时,h'(x) > 0.$\n\n$所以h(x)_{min} = h(\\sqrt{e}) = 2e.$\n\n$则a^2 + 1 \\leq 2e,解得-\\sqrt{2e - 1} \\leq a \\leq \\sqrt{2e - 1},$\n\n$故a的取值范围是[-\\sqrt{2e - 1},\\sqrt{2e - 1}].$""]" ['$[-\\sqrt{2e - 1},\\sqrt{2e - 1}]$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +154 "$已知函数f(x)=cos x+\frac{a}{2} x^2+ln x.$ +$已知g(x)=f'(x)+4ln x-\frac{1}{x},若g(x)在(\frac{3\pi }{4},2\pi) 内没有极值点,求a的取值范围.(参考数据:{\pi}^2\approx 10,{\pi}^3\approx 31)$" "[""$g(x)=-sin x+ax+4ln x,g'(x)=-cos x+a+\\frac{4}{x},$\n\n$因为g(x)在(\\frac{3\\pi }{4},2\\pi)内没有极值点,$\n\n$所以g'(x)\\geq 0在(\\frac{3\\pi }{4},2\\pi)内恒成立或g'(x)\\leq 0在(\\frac{3\\pi }{4},2\\pi)内恒成立,$\n\n$即a\\geq cos x-\\frac{4}{x}在(\\frac{3\\pi }{4},2\\pi)内恒成立或a\\leq cos x-\\frac{4}{x}在(\\frac{3\\pi }{4},2\\pi)内恒成立.$\n\n$令h(x)=cos x-\\frac{4}{x},则h'(x)=-sin x+\\frac{4}{x^2}.$\n\n$(i)当x\\in [\\pi ,2\\pi )时,-sin x\\geq 0,\\frac{4}{x^2}>0,$\n\n$所以h'(x)>0,h(x)单调递增.$\n\n$(ii)当x\\in (\\frac{3\\pi }{4},\\pi)时,h″(x)=-cos x-\\frac{8}{x^3},h'''(x)=sin x+\\frac{24}{x^4}>0,$\n\n$所以h″(x)单调递增,又h″(\\frac{3\\pi }{4})=\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}-\\frac{512}{27\\pi ^3}>0,$\n\n$所以h'(x)单调递增.$\n\n$又因为h'(\\frac{3\\pi }{4})=-\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}+\\frac{64}{9\\pi ^2}>0,所以h(x)单调递增.$\n\n$由(i)(ii)可知,h(x)在(\\frac{3\\pi }{4},2\\pi)上单调递增,$\n\n$所以x\\in (\\frac{3\\pi }{4},2\\pi)时,h(\\frac{3\\pi }{4})=-\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}-\\frac{16}{3\\pi }0时,e^{x}+a>0,$\n$ - 当x\\in(-\\infty,0)时, f'(x)<0,f(x)为减函数,$\n$ - 当x\\in(0,\\infty)时, f'(x)>0, f(x)为增函数,$\n$ - \\therefore f_{\\text{极小值}}x=f(0)=-1,而f(1)=\\frac{a}{2}>0,$\n$ - \\therefore 当x>0,存在x_{0}\\in(0,1),使f(x_{0})=0,$\n$ - 当x<0时,0x-1,$\n$ - \\therefore f(x)=(x-1)e^{x}+ \\frac{1}{2}ax^{2}>x-1 +\\frac{1}{2}ax^{2}=\\frac{1}{2}ax^{2}+x-1,$\n$ - 设x_{1}=\\frac{-1-\\sqrt{1+2a}}{a}<0,$\n$ - \\therefore f(x)>f(x_{1})>0,\\therefore f(x_{1})0,即a<-1时,f(x),f'(x)随x的变化情况如表:$\n\n\n\n| x | (-\\infty ,0) | 0 | (0,ln(-a)) | ln(-a) | (ln(-a),+\\infty ) |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n|$f'(x)$ | + | 0 | - | 0 | + |\n|$f(x)$ | 递增 | -1 | 递减 | $f(ln(-a))$ | 递增 |\n\n$ - \\therefore f_{\\text{极大值}}x=f(0)=-1,$\n$ - \\therefore 函数f(x)至多有1个零点,不符合题意.$\n$ - 当a=-1时,\\ln(-a)=0, f(x)在R上单调递增,$\n$ - \\therefore f(x)至多有1个零点,不符合题意.$\n$ - 当\\ln(-a)<0,即a\\in(-1,0)时,f(x),f'(x)随x的变化情况如表:$\n\n| $x$ |$ (-\\infty ,ln(-a))$ | $ln(-a)$ | $(ln(-a),0)$ | 0 | $(0,+\\infty )$ |\n\u200b| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| $f'(x)$ | + | 0 | - | 0 | + |\n| $f(x)$ | 递增 | $f(ln(-a))$ | 递减 | -1 | 递增 |\n\n$ - \\therefore 当x<0,-10$ +$求f(x)的单调递增区间;$" "[""$由已知得函数f(x)的定义域为R,$\n$f'(x)=ae^{x}-1.$\n$①当a\\leq 0时, f'(x)<0, f(x)在R上单调递减;$\n$②当a>0时,令f'(x)=0,则x=ln \\frac{1}{a},$\n$当xln \\frac{1}{a}时, f'(x)>0, f(x)单调递增.$\n$综上所述,当a\\leq 0时, f(x) 在R上单调递减;$\n$当a>0时, f(x)在(-\\infty ,ln \\frac{1}{a})上单调递减,在(ln \\frac{1}{a},+\\infty )上单调递增.$\n\n""]" ['(ln \\frac{1}{a},+\\infty )'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +157 "$已知函数f(x)=ax-\frac{\sin x}{\cos ^3x}, x \in \left(0,\frac{\pi }{2}\right).$ +$当a=求f(x)的单调递减区间;$" ['$当a=8时, f(x)=8x-\\frac{\\sin x}{\\cos ^3x}, $\n$\\therefore f’(x)=8-\\frac{\\cos ^4x-3\\cos ^2x(-\\sin ^2x)}{\\cos ^6x}=8-\\frac{\\cos ^2x+3\\sin ^2x}{\\cos ^4x}=\\frac{8\\cos ^4x+2\\cos ^2x-3}{\\cos ^4x}=\\frac{(4\\cos ^2x+3)(2\\cos ^2x-1)}{\\cos ^4x}=\\frac{2(4\\cos ^2x+3)\\left(\\cos x+\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}\\right)\\left(\\cos x-\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}\\right)}{\\cos ^4x}, $\n$x\\in \\left(0,\\frac{\\pi }{2}\\right), $\n$令f’(x)>0,得cos x>\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2},又x\\in \\left(0,\\frac{\\pi }{2}\\right),\\therefore x\\in \\left(0,\\frac{\\pi }{4}\\right), $\n$令f’(x)<0,得cos x<\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2},又x\\in \\left(0,\\frac{\\pi }{2}\\right),\\therefore x\\in \\left(\\frac{\\pi }{4},\\frac{\\pi }{2}\\right), $\n$\\therefore f(x)在\\left(0,\\frac{\\pi }{4}\\right)上单调递增,在\\left(\\frac{\\pi }{4},\\frac{\\pi }{2}\\right)上单调递减.$\n\n'] ['\\left(\\frac{\\pi }{4},\\frac{\\pi }{2}\\right)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +158 "$已知函数f(x)=ax-\frac{\sin x}{\cos ^3x}, x \in \left(0,\frac{\pi }{2}\right).$ +$若f(x)<\sin 2x,求a的取值范围.$" "[""$令 g(x)=\\sin2x-f(x)=\\sin2x-ax+\\frac{\\sin x}{\\cos ^3x}, x \\in \\left(0,\\frac{\\pi }{2}\\right),$\n\n$\\therefore g' (x)=2\\cos 2x-a+\\frac{\\cos ^2x+3\\sin ^2x}{\\cos ^4x}$\n\n$=4\\cos^2x+\\frac{3-2\\cos ^2x}{\\cos ^4x}-a-2,$\n\n$令 t= \\cos^2x,\\because x \\in \\left(0,\\frac{\\pi }{2}\\right), \\therefore t \\in (0,1),$\n\n$令 h(t)=4t+\\frac{3-2t}{t^2}-a-2,$\n\n$\\therefore h' (t)=4+\\frac{2t-6}{t^3}=\\frac{4t^3+2t-6}{t^3}=\\frac{(t-1)(4t^2+4t+6)}{t^3},$\n\n$又\\because t \\in (0,1), \\therefore h' (t)<0 在 (0,1) 上恒成立,$\n\n$\\therefore h(t) 在 (0,1) 上单调递减,$\n\n$又 t=\\cos^2x 在 \\left(0,\\frac{\\pi }{2}\\right) 上单调递减,$\n\n$\\therefore g' (x) 在 \\left(0,\\frac{\\pi }{2}\\right) 上单调递增,$\n\n$且 g' (0)=4+1-a-2=3-a,$\n\n$①当 a\\leq 3 时,g' (x)>g' (0)=3-a\\geq 0 在 \\left(0,\\frac{\\pi }{2}\\right) 上恒成立,$\n\n$\\therefore g(x) 在 \\left(0,\\frac{\\pi }{2}\\right) 上为增函数,又 g(0)=0,\\therefore g(x)>0 在 \\left(0,\\frac{\\pi }{2}\\right) 上恒成立,即 f(x)<\\sin 2x;$\n\n$②当 a>3 时,由于 g'(x) 在 \\left(0,\\frac{\\pi }{2}\\right) 上单调递增,且 g' (0)=3-a<0,$\n\n$\\therefore ∃ x_0 \\in \\left(0,\\frac{\\pi }{2}\\right),使得 g' (x_0)=0,$\n\n$则 g' (x) 在 (0,x_0) 上恒小于0,故 g(x) 在 (0,x_0) 上单调递减,$\n\n$\\therefore 当 x \\in (0,x_0) 时,g(x) 0,$\n\n$则g'(x) = -\\frac {x}{(1 + x)^2} \\cdot (ax + 2a - 1).$\n\n$①当a \\leq 0时,g'(x) > 0,故g(x)在(0,+\\infty )单调递增,不符合题意,舍去;$\n\n$②当a \\geq \\frac {1}{2}时,g'(x) < 0,故g(x)在(0,+\\infty )单调递减,不符合题意,舍去;$\n\n$③当0 < a < \\frac {1}{2}时,令g'(x) > 0,得0 < x < \\frac {1 - 2a}{a}; 令g'(x) < 0, 得x > \\frac {1 - 2a}{a}. $\n\n$易知当x \\rightarrow +\\infty 时,g(x) \\rightarrow -\\infty ,$\n\n$故只需g(x)_{max} = g\\left(\\frac {1 - 2a}{a}\\right) = \\ln\\left(\\frac {1 - 2a}{a} + 1\\right) - \\frac {\\left(\\frac {1 - 2a}{a}\\right)^2 \\cdot a + \\frac {1 - 2a}{a}}{\\frac {1 - 2a}{a} + 1} = \\ln\\left(\\frac {1}{a} - 1\\right) + 4a - 2 > 0即可,$\n\n$设h(t) = \\ln(t - 1) + \\frac {4}{t} - 2, t > 2,$\n\n$则h'(t) = \\frac {1}{t - 1} - \\frac {4}{t^2} = \\frac {(t - 2)^2}{(t - 1)t^2} > 0,$\n\n$故h(t)在(2,+\\infty )单调递增,\\therefore h(t) > h(2) = 0,$\n\n$故当0 < a < \\frac {1}{2}时,有\\ln\\left(\\frac {1}{a} - 1\\right) + 4a - 2 > 0,即g\\left(\\frac {1 - 2a}{a}\\right) > 0,符合题意.$\n\n$综上所述,当a \\in \\left(0,\\frac {1}{2}\\right)时, f(x)在(0,+\\infty )存在极值点.$\n\n""]" ['\\left(0,\\frac {1}{2}\\right)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +160 "$已知函数f(x)=(\frac{1}{x}+a)ln(1+x).$ +$若函数f(x)在(0,+\infty )单调递增,求a的取值范围.$" "[""$\\because f'(x)=\\frac{ax+1}{x(1+x)}-\\frac{\\ln(1+x)}{x^2}, 且 f(x) 在 (0,+\\infty ) 上单调递增,$\n\n$\\therefore f'(x)\\geq 0 在 (0,+\\infty ) 上恒成立, 即 \\frac{ax+1}{x(1+x)}\\geq \\frac{\\ln(1+x)}{x^2} 在 (0,+\\infty ) 上恒成立,$\n\n$其等价于 x(ax+1)\\geq (1+x)\\ln(1+x) 在 (0,+\\infty ) 上恒成立,$\n\n$令 g(x)=(ax+1)x-(1+x)\\ln(1+x),$\n\n$则 g'(x)=2ax-\\ln(1+x),$\n\n$令 h(x)=g'(x), 则 h'(x)=2a-\\frac{1}{x+1},$\n\n$令 H(x)=h'(x), 则 H'(x)=\\frac{1}{(x+1)^2}>0,$\n\n$故 h'(x) 在 (0,+\\infty ) 上为增函数,$\n\n$因此 h'(x)>h'(0)=2a-1 在 (0,+\\infty ) 上恒成立.$\n\n$①当 2a-1\\geq 0,即 a\\geq \\frac{1}{2} 时,h'(x)>0 在 (0,+\\infty ) 上恒成立,$\n\n$此时 g'(x) 在 (0,+\\infty ) 上为增函数,又 g'(0)=0,$\n\n$\\therefore g'(x)>0 在 (0,+\\infty ) 上恒成立,故 g(x) 在 (0,+\\infty ) 上为增函数,$\n\n$因此 g(x)>g(0)=0,即 (ax+1)x\\geq (1+x)\\ln(1+x) 在 (0,+\\infty ) 上恒成立,从而 f(x) 在 (0,+\\infty ) 上单调递增.$\n\n$②当 2a-1<0,即 a<\\frac{1}{2} 时,必存在 x_0\\in (0,+\\infty ),使 h'(x_0)=0,$\n\n$因此,当 x\\in (0,x_0) 时,h'(x)<0,所以 g'(x) 在 (0,x_0) 上为减函数,$\n\n$又 g'(0)=0,从而有当 x\\in (0,x_0) 时,g'(x)<0 恒成立,$\n\n$此时 g(x) 在 (0,x_0) 上为减函数,又 g(0)=0,故有 g(x)<0 在 (0,x_0) 上恒成立,从而有 f'(x)<0 在 (0,x_0) 上恒成立,与 y=f(x) 在 (0,+\\infty ) 上单调递增不符,从而 2a-1<0 不合题意.$\n\n$综上所述,a\\geq \\frac{1}{2}.$""]" ['[\\frac{1}{2},+\\infty)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +161 "$已知向量a = (sin x + cos x, cos x), b = (sin x - cos x, 2sin x), x \in R.函数 f(x) = a \cdot b +2.$ +答案中可用 k 表示任意整数 +$求函数f(x)的单调增区间;$" ['$f(x)=a\\cdot b+2=(sin x+cos x)(sin x-cos x)+2sin xcos x+2=sin^2x-cos^2x+sin 2x+2=sin 2x-cos 2x+2=\\sqrt{2}sin\\left(2x-\\frac{\\pi }{4}\\right)+2. $\n\n$令-\\frac{\\pi }{2}+2k\\pi \\leq2x-\\frac{\\pi }{4}\\leq\\frac{\\pi }{2}+2k\\pi (k\\in Z) , $\n\n$解得-\\frac{\\pi }{8}+k\\pi \\leq x\\leq\\frac{3\\pi }{8}+k\\pi (k\\in Z), $\n\n$所以f(x)的单调增区间为\\left[-\\frac{\\pi }{8}+k\\pi ,\\frac{3\\pi }{8}+k\\pi \\right](k\\in Z).$\n\n'] ['$\\left[-\\frac{\\pi }{8}+k\\pi ,\\frac{3\\pi }{8}+k\\pi \\right]$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +162 "$已知椭圆C: \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} =1 (a>b>0) 的离心率为 \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2},短轴长为2.$ +$在圆O:x^2+y^2=3上取一动点P,过P作椭圆C的两条切线,切点分别记为M,N,若直线PM与PN的斜率均存在,且分别为k_{1},k_{2}. 求\triangle OMN面积的取值范围.$" ['$设 P(x_0,y_0).$\n$设 M(x_1,y_1),N(x_2,y_2),直线 PM:y=k_1(x-x_1)+y_1,$\n由\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\ny=k_1(x-x_1)+y_1,\\\\ \n\\frac{x^2}{2}+y^2=1,\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n\n$消去 y,得 (1+2k_1^2)x^2+4k_1(y_1-k_1x_1)\\cdot x+2(k_1x_1-y_1)^2-2=0,$\n$令 \\Delta=0,得 (x_1^2-2)k_1^2-2x_1y_1k_1+y_1^2-1=0,$\n$则 k_1=\\frac{x_1y_1}{x^2_1-2}=\\frac{x_1}{-2y_1},则直线 PM:x_1x+2y_1y=2,$\n$同理可得,直线 PN:x_2x+2y_2y=2,$\n$\\therefore 直线 MN 的方程为 xx_0+2yy_0=2,$\n由 \n\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\nxx_0+2yy_0=2,\\\\ \nx^2+2y^2=2\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n\n$消去 y,得 (3+y_0^2)x^2-4x_0x+4-4y_0^2=0,$\n$则 x_1+x_2=\\frac{4x_0}{3+y^2_0},x_1x_2=\\frac{4-4y^2_0}{3+y^2_0},$\n$则 |MN|=\\sqrt{1+\\frac{x^2_0}{4y^2_0}}\\sqrt{(x_1+x_2)^2-4x_1x_2}=2\\sqrt{\\frac{3+3y^2_0}{y^2_0}}\\sqrt{\\frac{y^4_0+y^2_0}{(3+y^2_0)^2}}.$\n$又点 O 到直线 MN 的距离 d=\\frac{2}{\\sqrt{x^2_0+4y^2_0}}=\\frac{2}{\\sqrt{3+3y^2_0}},$\n$\\therefore S_{\\triangle OMN}=\\frac{1}{2}|MN|d=\\frac{2\\sqrt{1+y^2_0}}{3+y^2_0},$\n$易知 y_0 \\neq \\pm 1,令 \\sqrt{1+y^2_0}=t,则 t \\in [1, \\sqrt{2}) \\cup (\\sqrt{2},2],$\n$\\therefore S_{\\triangle OMN}=\\frac{2}{\\frac{2}{t}+t} \\in [\\frac{2}{3},\\left.\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}\\right).$\n$\\therefore \\triangle OMN 面积的取值范围为 [\\frac{2}{3},\\left.\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}\\right).$'] ['[\\frac{2}{3},\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2})'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +163 "$在直角坐标系xOy中,曲线C的参数方程为x=\sqrt{3}\cos 2t, y=2\sin t(t为参数).以坐标原点为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,已知直线l的极坐标方程为\rho \sin \left(\theta +\frac{\pi }{3}\right) +m=0.$ +$若l与C有公共点,求m的取值范围.$" "['解法:\n\n$\\begin{align*}x &= \\sqrt{3}\\\\ \\cos 2t= \\sqrt{3}(1-2\\sin ^2 t)\\quad (①)\\\\\ny &= 2\\sin t \\quad (②)\n\\end{align*}$\n\n$将(②)代入(①)中,整理得 x = \\sqrt{3}(1-2\\times \\frac{y^2}{4}) (-2\\leq y\\leq 2),$\n\n联立\n\n$\\begin{align*}\n\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{3}x &=1-\\frac{y^2}{2}(-2\\leq y\\leq 2)\\\\\n\\sqrt{3}x+y+2m &= 0\n\\end{align*}$\n\n$消 x ,整理得 3y^2-2y-4m-6=0 (-2\\leq y\\leq 2),即 4m=3y^2-2y-6 (-2\\leq y\\leq 2),$\n$将上式作为一个函数记为 f(y)=3y^2-2y-6,满足 -2\\leq y \\leq 2,$\n$易得 f(y) \\in \\left[-\\frac{19}{3}, 10\\right],$\n$由于线l和曲线C有公共点,有 -\\frac{19}{3} \\leq 4m \\leq 10,解得 -\\frac{19}{12} \\leq m \\leq \\frac{5}{2}。$' + '解法:\n$将x= \\sqrt{3}\\cos 2t,y=2\\sin t代入\\sqrt{3}x+y+2m=0,$\n$可以得到 3\\cos 2t+2\\sin t+2m=0,进一步化简得 -6\\sin^2t+2\\sin t+3+2m=0,$\n$为使l与C有公共点,则 2m=6\\sin^2t-2\\sin t-3有解,$\n$记 \\sin t=a,有 a\\in [-1,1],$\n$将上式作为一个函数记为 f(a)=6a^2-2a-3,满足 -1\\leq a \\leq 1,$\n$由此算得 \\max f(a) = f(-1) = 5,$\n$ \\min f(a) = f \\left(\\frac{1}{6}\\right) = -\\frac{19}{6},$\n$由此, -\\frac{19}{6} \\leq 2m \\leq 5,$\n$即 m 的取值范围为 \\left[-\\frac{19}{12}, \\frac{5}{2}\\right]。$']" ['[-\\frac{19}{12},\\frac{5}{2}]'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +164 "$在直角坐标系xOy中,曲线C的参数方程为$ + +$$ +\begin{matrix} +x = 2\cos \alpha + \sin alpha, \\ +y = \cos \alpha -2\sin \alpha +\end{matrix} +$$ + +$其中\alpha为参数。以原点O为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,直线l的极坐标方程为\rho\sin (\theta + \frac{\pi }{4}) = 2\sqrt{2}.$ +$P为直线l上一点,过P作曲线C的两条切线,切点分别为A,B,若\angle APB\geq \frac{\pi }{2},求点P的横坐标的取值范围.$" ['$设P(x,4-x),若\\angle APB\\geq \\frac{\\pi}{2},$\n$则\\angle APO\\geq \\frac{\\pi}{4},$\n\n$所以\\sin\\angle APO\\geq \\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2},即|OP|\\leq \\sqrt{2}|OA|,$\n$所以\\sqrt{x^2+(4-x)^2}\\leq \\sqrt{10},化简得x^2-4x+3\\leq 0,$\n$解得1\\leq x\\leq 3,即点P的横坐标的取值范围为[1,3]。$'] ['$[1,3]$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +165 "$在平面直角坐标系中,P为曲线C_{1}:$ +$ +\begin{align*}x = 2 + 2\cos \alpha ,\\y = \sin \alpha +\end{align*} +$ +$(\alpha 为参数)上的动点,将P点纵坐标不变,横坐标变为原来的一半得Q点,记Q点轨迹为C_{2},以坐标原点O为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系.$ +$A, B 是曲线 C\_2 上异于极点的两点,且\angle AOB= \frac{\pi }{6},求|OA|-\sqrt{3}|OB| 的取值范围.$" ['$设A(\\rho 1,\\theta ),B \\left(\\rho _2,\\theta +\\frac{\\pi }{6}\\right) \\left(\\theta \\in \\left(-\\frac{\\pi }{2},\\frac{\\pi }{3}\\right)\\right).$\n\n\n\n$\\therefore |OA| - \\sqrt{3} |OB| = \\rho 1 - \\sqrt{3} \\rho 2 = 2\\cos \\theta - 2 \\sqrt{3} \\cos \\left(\\theta +\\frac{\\pi }{6}\\right) = \\sqrt{3} \\sin \\theta - \\cos \\theta = 2\\sin \\left(\\theta -\\frac{\\pi }{6}\\right).$\n\n\n\n$又 \\theta - \\frac{\\pi }{6} \\in \\left(-\\frac{2}{3}\\pi ,\\frac{\\pi }{6}\\right) ,所以|OA| - \\sqrt{3} |OB|的取值范围是[-2,1).$'] ['[-2,1)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +166 "$已知 f(x)=2|x|+|x-2|.$ +$求不等式f(x) \leq 6 - x的解集。$" ['$f(x)=2|x|+|x-2|=\\begin{cases}-3x+2,x\\leq 0,\\\\ x+2,00,函数f(x)=2|x-a|-a。$ +$求不等式f(x)4.\\end{cases}$\n\n$因此,不等式f(x)\\geq 4的解集为\\left\\{x\\left|x\\leq \\frac{3}{2}{\\text{或}}x\\geq \\frac{11}{2}\\right.\\right\\}.$'] ['(-\\infty,\\frac{3}{2}]\\cup[\\frac{11}{2},+\\infty)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +169 "$已知函数f(x)=|x-a^2|+|x-2a+1|.$ +$如果f(x) \geq 4, 求a的取值范围.$" ['$因为 f(x)=|x-a^2|+|x-2a+1|\\geq |a^2-2a+1|=(a-1)^2, 故当 (a-1)^2\\geq 4, 即 |a-1|\\geq 2 时,f(x)\\geq 4。所以当 a\\geq 3 或 a\\leq -1 时,f(x)\\geq 4。$\n\n$当 -12.\n\\end{cases}$\n\n$可得f(x)\\geq 0的解集为\\{x|-2\\leq x\\leq 3\\}.$'] ['[-2,3]'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +174 "$设函数f(x) = 5 - |x + a| - |x - 2|.$ +$若f(x) \leq 1,求a的取值范围.$" ['$解析答案:f(x) \\leq 1 等价于 |x + a| + |x - 2| \\geq 4。 $\n$而 |x + a| + |x - 2| \\geq |a + 2|,且当 x = 2 时等号成立。 $\n$故 f(x) \\leq 1 等价于 |a + 2| \\geq 4。 $\n$由 |a+2| \\geq 4 可得 a \\leq -6 或 a \\geq 2。 $\n$所以 a 的取值范围是 (-\\infty,-6] \\cup [2,+\\infty)。$'] ['(-\\infty,-6] \\cup [2,+\\infty)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +175 "$已知函数f(x)=|x+1|-|x|-2.$ +$求不等式f(x) \geq 1的解集;$" ['$f(x)=\\begin{cases}-3, & x<-1,\\\\ 2x-1, & -1\\leq x\\leq 2,\\\\ 3, & x>2.\\end{cases}$\n\n$当x<-1时, f(x)\\geq 1无解; $\n$当-1\\leq x\\leq 2时,由f(x)\\geq 1得,2x-1\\geq 1,解得1\\leq x\\leq 2; $\n$当x>2时,由f(x)\\geq 1解得x>2. $\n$所以f(x)\\geq 1的解集为\\{x|x\\geq 1\\}.$'] ['[1,+\\infty)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +176 "$已知函数f(x)=|x+1|-|x|-2.$ +$若不等式f(x) \geq x^{2} - x + m 的解集非空,求 m 的取值范围.$" ['$由 f(x) \\geq x^2- x+m 得 m \\leq |x + 1| - |x - 2| - x^2 + x. 而$\n\n$|x + 1| - |x - 2| - x^2 + x \\leq |x| + 1 + |x| - 2 - x^2 + |x|$\n\n$= -(|x| - \\frac{3}{2})^2 + \\frac{5}{4} \\leq \\frac{5}{4}$\n\n$且当x=\\frac{3}{2}时,|x + 1| - |x - 2| - x^2 + x = \\frac{5}{4}$\n\n$故m的取值范围为(-\\infty ,\\frac{5}{4}].$'] ['(-\\infty ,\\frac{5}{4}]'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +177 "$已知函数f(x)=|x-a-1|+|x-2a|.$ +$当x \in [2a,4]时, f(x) \leq x+a,求a的���值范围。$" ['$当x\\in [2a,4]时, f(x)=|x-a-1|+x-2a,由f(x)\\leq x+a,得|x-a-1|\\leq 3a,$\n$显然3a\\geq 0,否则不等式不成立,于是-3a\\leq x-a-1\\leq 3a,即-2a+1\\leq x\\leq 4a+1,$\n$因为当x\\in [2a,4]时, f(x)\\leq x+a,所以$\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}-2a+1\\leq 2a,\\\\ 4a+1\\geq 4,\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n$解得a\\geq \\frac{3}{4},又2a<4,所以a<2,$\n$所以a的取值范围是\\left[\\frac{3}{4},2\\right)。$\n\n'] ['\\left[\\frac{3}{4},2\\right)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Interval Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +178 "$已知f(x)=|2x+1|,不等式f(x)\leq 3x的解集为M.$ +求集合M;" ['$由|2x+1| \\leq 3x得(2x+1)^2 \\leq 9x^2且x \\geq 0,解得x \\geq 1,$\n$故集合M=\\{x|x \\geq 1\\}.$'] ['[1,+\\infty)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +179 "$设函数f(x)=3|x-2|+|x|.$ +$求不等式f(x)>2x的解集;$" ['$f(x)=3|x-2|+|x|=$\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\n6-4x, & x<0,\\\\ \n6-2x, & 0\\leq x\\leq 2,\\\\ \n4x-6, & x>2,\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n$所以不等式f(x)>2x等价于$\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\n6-4x>2x, & x<0\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n或\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\n6-2x>2x, & 0\\leq x\\leq 2\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n或\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\n4x-6>2x, & x>2.\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n$解得x<0或0\\leq x<\\frac{3}{2}或x>3,$\n$故不等式f(x)>2x的解集为(-\\infty ,\\frac{3}{2})\\cup(3,+\\infty ).$'] ['$(-\\infty ,\\frac{3}{2})\\cup(3,+\\infty )$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +180 "$已知函数f(x)=|x-1|+|x+2|.$ +$解不等式f(x)\leq 7;$" ['$因为f(x)=|x-1| + |x+2|=\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}-2x-1,x\\leq -2,\\\\ 3,-2 \\frac{3}{2}\\end{cases}$\n\n$当x < -\\frac{1}{2}时,-4x+2 \\leq 6-x,解得 -\\frac{4}{3} \\leq x < -\\frac{1}{2};$\n\n$当-\\frac{1}{2}\\leq x\\leq \\frac{3}{2}时,4\\leq 6-x,解得 -\\frac{1}{2} \\leq x \\leq \\frac{3}{2};$\n\n$当x > \\frac{3}{2}时,4x-2\\leq6-x,解得 \\frac{3}{2} < x \\leq \\frac{8}{5},$\n\n$综上所述,不等式f(x)\\leq6-x的解集为\\left[-\\frac{4}{3},\\frac{8}{5}\\right].$\n\n'] ['$\\left[-\\frac{4}{3},\\frac{8}{5}\\right]$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Interval Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +182 "$已知f(x)=|a^{2}x+1|,g(x)=\left|2-\frac{2}{a}x\right|.$ +$当a=1时,求不等式f(x)-g(x)\geq -1的解集;$" ['$当a=1时, f(x)-g(x)\\geq -1\\Leftrightarrow |x+1|-|2-2x|\\geq -1,$\n即\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x\\leq -1,\\\\ x-2\\geq 0\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n或\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}-12的解集;$" ['$3f(x-1)-f(x+1)>2$\n$即3|x-1|-|x+1|>2,$\n\n所以\n$$\n\\begin{cases}\nx\\leq -1,\\\\\n-3(x-1)+x+1>2\n\\end{cases}\n$$\n或\n$$\n\\begin{cases}\n-12\n\\end{cases}\n$$\n或\n$$\n\\begin{cases}\nx\\geq 1,\\\\\n3(x-1)-x-1>2,\n\\end{cases}\n$$\n$解得x\\leq -1或-13,即x<0或x>3,$\n\n$所以原不等式的解集为(-\\infty ,0)\\cup (3,+\\infty ).$'] ['$(-\\infty ,0)\\cup (3,+\\infty )$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +184 "$已知函数f(x)=|x|.$ +$若不等式f(x-a)+f(x+2) \leq f(x+3)的解集包含[-2,-1],求a的取值范围.$" ['$f(x-a)+f(x+2)\\leq f(x+3)即|x-a|+|x+2|\\leq |x+3|.$\n$因为不等式f(x-a)+f(x+2)\\leq f(x+3)的解集包含[-2,-1],所以|x-a|+|x+2|\\leq |x+3|对于任意x\\in [-2,-1]恒成立.$\n$因为x\\in [-2,-1],$\n$所以x+2\\geq 0,x+3\\geq 0,$\n$所以|x-a|+|x+2|\\leq |x+3|等价于|x-a|+x+2\\leq x+3,即|x-a|\\leq 1恒成立,$\n$所以a-1\\leq x\\leq a+1在[-2,-1]上恒成立,$\n$所以\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}a-1\\leq -2,\\\\ -1\\leq a+1,\\end{matrix}\\right.解得-2\\leq a\\leq -1,即实数a的取值范围为[-2,-1].$'] ['[-2,-1]'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +185 "$设命题p��实数x满足x^{2}-4ax+3a^{2}<0,命题q:实数x满足|x-3|<1.$ +$若a=1,且p \lor q为真,求实数x的取值范围;$" ['$由x^2-4ax+3a^2<0得(x-a)(x-3a)<0,$\n$当a=1时,10且p是q的充分不必要条件,求实数a的取值范围.$" ['$由x^{2}-4ax+3a^{2}<0得 (x-a)(x-3a)<0,$\n\n$\\because a>0,\\therefore a4\\end{matrix}\\right.或\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}a<2,\\\\ 3a\\geq 4,\\end{matrix}\\right.所以\\frac{4}{3}\\leq a\\leq 2。$\n\n$所以实数a的取值范围为\\left[\\frac{4}{3},2\\right].$\n\n'] ['$\\left[\\frac{4}{3},2\\right]$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Interval Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +187 "$已知f(x)=\frac{x^2-a}{e^x}.$ +$若f(x)\leq x-1对x\in [1,+\infty )恒成立,求a的取值范围.$" "[""$f(x) \\leq x-1, 即 \\frac{x^2-a}{e^x} \\leq x-1, 即 a \\geq x^2 - e^x(x-1),$\n\n$设 g(x) = x^2 - e^x(x-1), x \\in [1,+\\infty ),$\n\n$则 g'(x) = x(2-e^x), 当 x \\in [1,+\\infty ) 时, g'(x) < 0,$\n\n$故 g(x) 在 [1,+\\infty ) 上单调递减,所以 g(x) 在 [1,+\\infty ) 上的最大值为 g(1) = 1,$\n\n$所以 a 的取值范围为 [1,+\\infty ).$""]" ['[1,+\\infty )'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +188 "$已知函数f(x)=\frac{2\mathrm{eln} x}{x}-1.$ +$求函数f(x)的单调递增区间;$" "[""$由(1)知 f'(x)=\\frac{2e-2elnx}{x^2},$\n\n$令 f'(x)>0,解得 0e,$\n\n$故 f(x) 在 (0,e) 上递增,在 (e,+\\infty ) 上递减.$\n\n""]" ['(0,e)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +189 "$已知函数f(x)=\frac{2\mathrm{eln} x}{x}-1.$ +$已如函数 g(x)=3x^{3}+2ax^{2}+1,若对于所有 x_{1},x_{2} \in [1, e],不等式 f(x_{1}) \leq g(x_{2}) 恒成立,求实数 a 的取值范围.$" "[""$由(2)得 f(x) 的极大值是 f(e)=\\frac{2\\mathrm{eln} \\mathrm{e}}{\\mathrm{e}}-1=1,$\n$即 f(x) 在[1,e]上的最大值是 f(e)=1,$\n$\\because g(x)=3x^{3}+2ax^{2}+1,\\therefore g'(x)=9x^{2}+4ax,$\n$令 g'(x)=0,解得 x=0 或 x=-\\frac{4a}{9},$\n$若∀ x_{1}, x_{2} \\in [1,e],不等式 f(x_{1})\\leq g(x_{2}) 恒成立,$\n$则 x \\in [1,e]时, f(x)_{\\text{max}}\\leq g(x)_{\\text{min}} 恒成立,$\n$①当 -\\frac{4a}{9} \\leq 1 即 a \\geq -\\frac{9}{4} 时,g(x) 在[1,e]上递增,$\n$此时 g(x)_{\\text{min}}=g(1)=4+2a,令 4+2a \\geq 1,得 a \\geq -\\frac{3}{2};$\n$②当 1<- \\frac{4a}{9}0,\\\\ x_1+x_2=a>0,\\\\ x_1x_2=a>0,\\end{matrix}\\right. $\n\n$解得a\\in (4,+\\infty ),$\n\n$故a的取值范围为(4,+\\infty ).$""]" ['$(4,+\\infty )$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +191 "$已知函数f(x) = ae^{x} - x - a (a\neq 0). a>0$ +$求f(x)的单调递增区间;$" "[""解答解析:\n\n$f'(x)=ae^{x}-1$\n\n$若a<0,则f'(x)<0, f(x)在R上单调递减。$\n\n$若a>0,令f'(x)=0,得x=-\\ln a。$\n\n$当x<-ln a时, f'(x)<0,f(x)单调递减。$\n\n$当x>-ln a时, f'(x)>0,f(x)单调递增。$\n\n$综上所述,当a<0时, f(x)在R上单调递减,当a>0时, f(x)在(-\\infty , -\\ln a)上单调递减,在(-\\ln a,+\\infty )上单调递增.$\n\n""]" ['(-\\ln a,+\\infty )'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +192 "$已知F_1, F_2分别为椭圆C:\frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (a>b>0)的左、右焦点,与���圆C有相同焦点的双曲线\frac{x^2}{4} - y^2 = 1在第一象限与椭圆C相交于点P,且|PF_2| = 1。$ +$设直线 y=kx+1 与椭圆 C 相交于 A,B 两点,O 为坐标原点,且 \overrightarrow{OD}=m\overrightarrow{OB} (m>0). 若椭圆 C 上存在点 E ,使得四边形 OAED 为平行四边形,求 m 的取值范围.$" ['$设A(x_1,y_1), B(x_2,y_2),则D(mx_2,my_2).$\n\n$\\because四边形OAED为平行四边形,$\n\n$\\therefore\\overrightarrow{OD}=\\overrightarrow{AE}, E(x_1+mx_2,y_1+my_2).$\n\n$\\because点A, B, E均在椭圆C上,$\n\n$\\therefore\\frac{x^2_1}{9}+\\frac{y^2_1}{4}=1, \\frac{x^2_2}{9}+\\frac{y^2_2}{4}=1, \\frac{(x_1+mx_2)^2}{9}+\\frac{(y_1+my_2)^2}{4}=1.$\n\n$\\because m>0, \\therefore 4x_1x_2+9y_1y_2+18m=0 (用第三个式子减去第一个式子,再减去第二个式子的m^2倍).$\n\n$\\therefore(4+9k^2)x_1x_2+9k(x_1+x_2)+9+18m=0.$\n\n$由\\begin{cases} y=kx+1, \\\\ \\frac{x^2}{9}+\\frac{y^2}{4}=1 \\end{cases}消去y,得(9k^2+4)x^2+18kx-27=0.$\n\n$显然\\Delta =432(3k^2+1)>0.$\n\n$\\therefore x_1+x_2=\\frac{-18k}{9k^2+4}, x_1x_2=\\frac{-27}{9k^2+4}.$\n\n$\\therefore\\frac{-27}{9k^2+4}\\times (4+9k^2)-\\frac{18k}{9k^2+4}\\times 9k+18m+9=0.$\n\n$\\therefore m=2-\\frac{4}{9k^2+4}.\\therefore m\\in [1,2).$'] ['[1,2)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +193 "$2020年5月27日,中央文明办明确规定,在2020年全国文明城市测评指标中不将马路市场、流动商贩列为文明城市测评考核内容.2020年6月1日上午,李克强在山东烟台考察时表示,地摊经济、小店经济是就业岗位的重要来源,是人间的烟火,和“高大上”一样,是中国的生机.地摊游戏中的套圈游戏凭借其趣味性和挑战性深受广大市民的欢迎.现有甲、乙两人进行套圈比赛,要求他们站在定点A,B处进行套圈,已知甲在A,B两点处的命中率均为\frac{1}{3},乙在A点处的命中率为p (\frac{1}{2}\leq p\lt1),在B点处的命中率为2p-1,且他们每次套圈互不影响.$ +$在(2)的条件下,若E(X) > E(Y),求p的取值范围.$" ['$因为 E(X) > E(Y),所以 \\frac{5}{3} > 8p - 3,即 p < \\frac{7}{12}.$\n\n$又 \\frac{1}{2} \\leq p < 1,所以 p 的取值范围是 \\left[\\frac{1}{2}, \\frac{7}{12}\\right)。$\n\n'] ['$\\left[\\frac{1}{2}, \\frac{7}{12}\\right)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Interval Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +194 "$设函数f(x)=\sin x, x \in R。$ +$求函数 y = [f(x+\frac{\pi }{12})]^2 + [f(x+\frac{\pi }{4})]^2 的值域.$" ['$y = \\left[f\\left(x+\\frac{\\pi }{12}\\right)\\right]^2 + \\left[f\\left(x+\\frac{\\pi }{4}\\right)\\right]^2= \\sin^2\\left(x+\\frac{\\pi }{12}\\right)+\\sin^2(x+\\frac{\\pi }{4})=\\frac{1-\\cos \\left(2x+\\frac{\\pi }{6}\\right)}{2}+\\frac{1-\\cos \\left(2x+\\frac{\\pi }{2}\\right)}{2}=1-\\frac{1}{2}\\cdot\\left(\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}\\cos 2x -\\frac{3}{2}\\sin 2x \\right)=1-\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}\\cos\\left(2x+\\frac{\\pi }{3}\\right). 因此,函数的值域是 \\left[1-\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2},1+\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}\\right].$\n\n'] ['$\\left[1-\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2},1+\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}\\right]$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Interval Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +195 "$已知数列a_n的前n项和为S_n,a_1=-\frac{9}{4},且4S_{n+1}=3S_{n}-9(n\in N)。$ +$设数列b_n满足3b_n+(n-4)a_n=0(n \in N^),记b_n的前n项和为T_n,若T_n \leq \lambda b_n对任意n \in N^恒成立,求实数\lambda 的取值范围.$" ['$由题意得b_n=(n-4)\\times \\left(\\frac{3}{4}\\right)^n.$\n$则T_n=(-3)\\times \\frac{3}{4}+(-2)\\times \\left(\\frac{3}{4}\\right)^2+\\ldots +(n-4)\\times \\left(\\frac{3}{4}\\right)^n, \\frac{3}{4} T_n=(-3)\\times \\left(\\frac{3}{4}\\right)^2+(-2)\\times \\left(\\frac{3}{4}\\right)^3+\\ldots +(n-4)\\times \\left(\\frac{3}{4}\\right)^{n+1}.$\n$两式相减,得\\frac{1}{4}T_n=(-3)\\times \\frac{3}{4}+\\left(\\frac{3}{4}\\right)^2+\\left(\\frac{3}{4}\\right)^3+\\ldots +\\left(\\frac{3}{4}\\right)^n-(n-4)\\times \\left(\\frac{3}{4}\\right)^{n+1},$\n$所以T_n=-4n\\times \\left(\\frac{3}{4}\\right)^{n+1},$\n$由题意得-4n\\times \\left(\\frac{3}{4}\\right)^{n+1}\\leq \\lambda (n-4)\\times \\left(\\frac{3}{4}\\right)^n恒成立,所以(\\lambda +3)n-4\\lambda \\geq 0,$\n$记f(n)=(\\lambda +3)n-4\\lambda (n\\in N^),$\n$所以\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}\\lambda +3\\geq 0,\\\\ f(1)\\geq 0,\\end{matrix}\\right.解得-3\\leq \\lambda \\leq 1.$'] ['[-3,1]'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +196 "$已知函数f(x)=e^{x-1}+ax.$ +$若f(x)\geq 0恒成立,求a的取值范围;$" "[""$由题可知,f'(x) = e^{x-1} + a,$\n$当a > 0时,f'(x) > 0恒成立,f(x)单调递增,$\n$存在x_0 < 0,且x_0 < \\frac{1}{ae},使得f(x_0) = e^{x_0-1} + ax_0 < e^{-1} + a\\left(-\\frac{1}{ae}\\right) = 0,所以当a > 0时不符合题意;$\n$当a = 0时,f(x) = e^{x-1} > 0,显然成立。$\n\n$当a < 0时,令f'(x) = 0,解得x = 1 + \\ln(-a),$\n$易知x \\in (-\\infty,1+ln(-a))时, f'(x) < 0, f(x)单调递减; x \\in (1+\\ln(-a),+\\infty)时, f'(x) > 0, f(x)单调递增.$\n$若f(x) \\geq 0恒成立,则f(1+\\ln(-a)) = -a + a[1+\\ln(-a)] = a\\ln(-a) \\geq 0,解之得-1 \\leq a < 0.$\n$综上可得a的取值范围为[-1,0].$""]" ['$[-1,0]$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +197 "$已知函数f(x) = \sin{x} - m{x}^{3} (m \in \mathbb{R}), g(x) = (x - 1)e^{x}.$ +$设F(x)=f(x)+g(x)-\sin x,当x>0时,函数F(x)有两个极值点,求实数m的取值范围.$" "[""$由题意得F(x)=sin x-mx^3+(x-1)e^x-sin x=(x-1)\\cdot e^x-mx^3.当x>0时,F(x)=(x-1)e^x-mx^3有两个极值点,$\n$即F'(x)=x(e^x-3mx)有两个零点,$\n$令h(x)=e^x-3mx,则F'(x)有两个零点等价于h(x)有两个零点,对函数h(x)求导得h'(x)=e^x-3m.$\n\n$①当m\\in (-\\infty ,0]时,h'(x)>0在(0,+\\infty )上恒成立,所以h(x)在(0,+\\infty )上单调递增.$\n$所以h(x)>h(0)=1,因此h(x)在(0,+\\infty )上没有零点,$\n$即F'(x)在(0,+\\infty )上没有零点,不符合题意.$\n\n$②当m\\in (0,+\\infty )时,令h'(x)=0得x=ln(3m),$\n$当x\\in (0,ln(3m))时,h'(x)<0,当x\\in (ln(3m),+\\infty )时,h'(x)>0,$\n$所以h(x)在(0,ln(3m))上单调递减,在(ln(3m),+\\infty )上单调递增,$\n$所以h(x)的最小值为h(ln(3m))=3m-3m\\cdot ln(3m).$\n\n$由于h(x)在(0,+\\infty )上有两个零点,所以h(ln(3m))=3m-3m\\cdot ln(3m)<0,$\n$得3m>e,即m>\\frac{e}{3}.$\n\n$因为h(0)=1>0,且x\\rightarrow +\\infty 时,h(x)\\rightarrow +\\infty ,$\n$所以由零点存在性定理得m>\\frac{e}{3}时,h(x)在(0,+\\infty )上有两个零点,$\n$综上,m的取值范围是\\left(\\frac{e}{3} ,+\\infty \\right).$\n\n""]" ['$\\left(\\frac{e}{3} ,+\\infty \\right)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +198 "$已知函数f(x)=x-a(1+\ln x).$ +$求函数f(x)的单调递减区间;$" "[""$f(x)=x-a(1+\\ln x)的定义域为(0,+\\infty),$\n\n$f'(x)=1-\\frac{a}{x},x>0。$\n\n$①若a\\le0,则f'(x)=1-\\frac{a}{x}>0,$\n\n$故f(x)在(0,+\\infty)上单调递增;$\n\n$②若a>0,令f'(x)=1-\\frac{a}{x}=0,得x=a,$\n\n$当0a时, f'(x)>0,$\n\n$所以f(x)在(0,a)上单调递减,在(a,+ \\infty)上单调递增.$\n\n""]" ['(0,a)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +199 "$已知函数f(x)=x-a(1+\ln x).$ +$若函数f(x)有两个零点x_1,x_2,求a的取值范围.$" ['$由(1)知①当a \\leq 0 时, f(x) 在 (0,+\\infty ) 上单调递增,至多有1个零点,不合题意.$\n\n$②当 a >0 时, f_{min}=f(a)=-a ln a . $\n\n$(i)若 00 , f(x) 无零点,不合题意;$\n\n$(ii)若 a=1 , f_{min}=f(a)=-a ln a=0 , f(x) 有1个零点,不合题意;$\n\n$(iii)若 a>1 , f_{min}=f(a)=-a ln a<0,$\n$又 f\\left(\\frac{1}{e}\\right)=\\frac{1}{e}-a\\left(1+ln\\frac{1}{e}\\right)=\\frac{1}{e}>0 ,且 f(2a^2)=2a^2-a[1+ln(2a^2)]=a(2a-2ln a-1-ln 2)>a(2-1-ln 2)>0,所以 f(x) 在 \\left(\\frac{1}{e},a\\right) , (a,2a^2) 各有一个零点,综上,a>1.$'] ['(1,+\\infty)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +200 "$设函数f(x)=a^{2}x^{2}+ax-3\ln x+1,其中a>0.$ +$求f(x)的单调递减区间;$" "[""$f(x) = a^2x^2+ax-3ln x+1,x\\in (0,+\\infty ) $\n$\\therefore f'(x) = 2a^2x+a-\\frac{3}{x} = \\frac{2a^2x^2+ax-3}{x}= \\frac{(2ax+1)(ax-1)}{x}. $\n$\\because a>0,x>0,\\therefore \\frac{2ax+3}{x}>0 $\n$当x\\in \\left(0,\\frac{1}{a}\\right)时, f'(x)<0 $\n$当x\\in \\left(\\frac{1}{a},+\\infty \\right)时, f'(x)>0 $\n$\\therefore 函数f(x)在\\left(0,\\frac{1}{a}\\right)上单调递减,在\\left(\\frac{1}{a},+\\infty \\right)上单调递增.$\n\n""]" ['\\left(0,\\frac{1}{a}\\right)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +201 "$设函数f(x)=a^{2}x^{2}+ax-3\ln x+1,其中a>0.$ +$若y=f(x)的图象与x轴没有公共点,求a的取值范围.$" ['$\\because y=f(x) 的图象与 x 轴没有公共点且 a^{2}>0,\\therefore y=f(x) 在(0,+\\infty )上的图象在 x 轴的上方,$\n\n$由(1)可得函数 f(x) 在 (0,\\frac{1}{a}) 上单调递减,在 (\\frac{1}{a},+\\infty) 上单调递增,\\therefore f_{min}=f(\\frac{1}{a})=3-3ln \\frac{1}{a}=3+3ln a>0,\\therefore ln a>-1,解得 a>\\frac{1}{\\mathrm{e}},$\n\n$故实数 a 的取值范围是 (\\frac{1}{\\mathrm{e}},+\\infty) .$'] ['$(\\frac{1}{\\mathrm{e}},+\\infty)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +202 "$已知函数f(x)=\left(\frac{1}{x}+a\right)\ln(1+x).$ +$若函数f(x)在(0,+\infty )单调递增,求a的取值范围.$" "[""$\\because f'(x)=\\frac{ax+1}{x(1+x)}-\\frac{\\mathrm{ln}(1+x)}{x^2}, 且f(x)在 (0,+\\infty) 上单调递增,$\n$\\therefore f'(x)\\geq 0 在 (0,+\\infty) 上恒成立,即 \\frac{ax+1}{x(1+x)}\\geq \\frac{\\mathrm{ln}(1+x)}{x^2} 在 (0,+\\infty) 上恒成立,$\n$其等价于 x(ax+1)\\geq (1+x)ln(1+x) 在 (0,+\\infty) 上恒成立,$\n$令g(x)=(ax+1)x-(1+x)ln(1+x),$\n$则g'(x)=2ax-ln(1+x),$\n$令h(x)=g'(x),则h'(x)=2a-\\frac1{x+1},$\n$令H(x)=h'(x), 则H'(x)=\\frac1{(x+1)^2}>0,$\n$故h'(x)在 (0,+\\infty) 上为增函数,$\n$因此h'(x)>h'(0)=2a-1 在 (0,+\\infty) 上恒成立.$\n$①当 2a-1\\geq 0,即 a\\geq \\frac12 时,h'(x)>0 在 (0,+\\infty) 上恒成立,$\n$此时g'(x)在 (0,+\\infty) 上为增函数,又g'(0)=0,$\n$\\therefore g'(x)>0在 (0,+\\infty) 上恒成立,故g(x)在 (0,+\\infty) 上为增函数,$\n$因此g(x)>g(0)=0,即(ax+1)x\\geq (1+x)ln(1+x)在 (0,+\\infty) 上恒成立,从而f(x)在 (0,+\\infty) 上单调递增.$\n$②当 2a-1<0,即 a<\\frac12 时,必存在 x_0\\in (0,+\\infty),使h'(x_{0})=0,$\n$因此,当x\\in (0,x_0)时,h'(x)<0 ,所以g'(x)在 (0,x_0) 上为减函数,$\n$又g'(0)=0,从而有当x\\in (0,x_0)时,g'(x)<0 恒成立,$\n$此时g(x)在 (0,x_0) 上为减函数,又g(0)=0,故有g(x)<0 在 (0,x_0) 上恒成立,从而有f'(x)<0 在 (0,x_0) 上恒成立,与y=f(x)在 (0,+\\infty) 上单调递增不符,从而 2a-1<0不合题意.$\n$综上所述,a\\geq \\frac{1}{2} .$""]" ['[\\frac{1}{2},+\\infty)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +203 "$已知函数f(x)=e^{x}-a(x+2).$ +$当a=1时,求f(x)的单调递增区间;$" "[""$当a=1时, f(x)=e^x-x-2,则f'(x)=e^x-1。$\n\n$当x<0时, f'(x)<0;当x>0时, f'(x)>0。$\n\n$所以f(x)在(-\\infty ,0)单调递减,在(0,+\\infty )单调递增.$\n\n""]" ['(0,+\\infty )'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +204 "$已知函数f(x)=e^{x}-a(x+2).$ +$若f(x)有两个零点,求a的取值范围.$" "[""$解法:(分类讨论) f'(x)=e^{x}-a.$\n$当a\\leq 0时, f'(x)>0,所以f(x)在(-\\infty ,+\\infty )单调递增,$\n$故f(x)至多存在1个零点,不合题意.$\n$当a>0时,由f'(x)=0可得x=\\ln a.当x\\in (-\\infty ,\\ln a)时,f'(x)<0;当x\\in (\\ln a,+\\infty )时, f'(x)>0.所以f(x)在(-\\infty ,\\ln a)单调递减,在(\\ln a,+\\infty )单调递增,故当x=\\ln a时, f(x)取得最小值,最小值为f(\\ln a)=-a(1+\\ln a).$\n$(i) 若0\\frac{1}{e},则f(\\ln a)<0.$\n$由于f(-2)=e^{-2}>0,所以f(x)在(-\\infty ,\\ln a)存在唯一零点.$\n$由(1)知,当x>2时,e^{x}-x-2>0,所以当x>4且x>2\\ln(2a)时,f(x)=e^{\\frac{x}{2}} \\cdot e^{\\frac{x}{2}}-a(x+2) > e^{\\ln(2a)} \\cdot \\left(\\frac{x}{2}+2\\right)-a(x+2) = 2a>0.$\n$故f(x)在(\\ln a,+\\infty )存在唯一零点.从而f(x)在(-\\infty ,+\\infty )有两个零点.$\n$综上,a的取值范围是\\left(\\frac{1}{e},+\\infty \\right).$"" + ""解法:(参变量分离法)\n$若f(x)有两个零点,则e^{x}-a(x+2)=0有两个解,$\n$由方程可知,x=-2不成立,即a=\\frac{e^x}{x+2}有两个解,将问题转化为曲线y=\\frac{e^x}{x+2}和直线y=a有两个交点$\n$令h(x)=\\frac{e^x}{x+2}(x\\neq -2),则有h'(x)=\\frac{e^x(x+2)-e^x}{{(x+2)}^2}=\\frac{e^x(x+1)}{{(x+2)}^2},$\n$令h'(x)>0,解得x>-1,令h'(x)<0,解得x<-2或-2h(-1)=\\frac{1}{e},$\n$所以满足条件的a的取值范围是\\left(\\frac{1}{e},+\\infty \\right).$""]" ['\\left(\\frac{1}{e},+\\infty \\right)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +205 "$在直角坐标系xOy中,曲线C的方程为(x-1)^2+(y-\sqrt{3})^2=1。以坐标原点O为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,直线l的极坐标方程为\theta=\alpha(\rho \in \textbf{R}),其中\alpha为常数且\alpha \in [0,\pi]。$ +$若直线l与曲线C相交于A,B两点,求\frac{1}{|OA|} + \frac{1}{|OB|}的取值范围.$" ['$\\because 直线l与曲线C相交于A,B两点$, \n$\\therefore \\alpha \\in \\left(\\frac{\\pi }{6},\\frac{\\pi }{2}\\right). $\n$将直线l的极坐标方程代入曲线C的极坐标方程$, \n$得\\rho ^2-4\\rho sin\\left(\\alpha +\\frac{\\pi }{6}\\right)+3=0. $\n$设该方程的两根分别为\\rho _1和\\rho _2$, \n$则\\rho _1+\\rho _2=4sin\\left(\\alpha +\\frac{\\pi }{6}\\right),\\rho _1\\rho _2=3. $\n$由题意知|OA|=\\rho _1,|OB|=\\rho _2$. \n$\\therefore \\frac{1}{|OA|}+\\frac{1}{|OB|}=\\frac{1}{\\rho _1}+\\frac{1}{\\rho _2}=\\frac{\\rho _1+\\rho _2}{\\rho _1\\rho _2}=\\frac{4}{3}sin\\left(\\alpha +\\frac{\\pi }{6}\\right). $\n$\\because \\alpha \\in \\left(\\frac{\\pi }{6},\\frac{\\pi }{2}\\right),\\therefore \\alpha +\\frac{\\pi }{6}\\in \\left(\\frac{\\pi }{3},\\frac{2\\pi }{3}\\right). $\n$\\therefore sin\\left(\\alpha +\\frac{\\pi }{6}\\right)\\in \\left(\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2},1\\right]. $\n$\\therefore \\frac{1}{|OA|}+\\frac{1}{|OB|}的取值范围为\\left(\\frac{2\\sqrt{3}}{3},\\frac{4}{3}\\right].$\n\n'] ['\\left(\\frac{2\\sqrt{3}}{3},\\frac{4}{3}\\right]'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Interval Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +206 "$在平面直角坐标系xOy中,以原点O为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,点A,B的极坐标分别为A(2,\frac{5\pi}{4}),B(2,\frac{\pi}{4}),圆C_1以AB为直径,直线l的极坐标方程为\rho \cos(\theta +\frac{\pi}{4})=6.$ +$圆C_1经过伸缩变换$ +$$ +\begin{cases} +x'=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}x,\\ +y'=\frac{\sqrt{6}}{2}y +\end{cases} +$$ +$得到曲线C_2,已知点P为曲线C_2上的任意一点,求点P到直线l距离的取值范围.$" "[""由\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x'=\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}x,\\\\ y'=\\frac{\\sqrt{6}}{2}y\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n得\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x=\\sqrt{2}x',\\\\ y=\\frac{2}{\\sqrt{6}}y',\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n$代入x^2 + y^2=4,$\n$得2x'^2 + \\frac{4}{6}y'^2 =4。所以C_2的普通方程为$\n$$\n\\frac{x^2}{2} + \\frac{y^2}{6} = 1,\n$$\n$C_2的参数方程为$\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x=\\sqrt{2}\\cos \\theta ,\\\\ y=\\sqrt{6}\\sin \\theta \\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n($\\theta$ 为参数)。\n$设P(\\sqrt{2}\\cos \\theta, \\sqrt{6}\\sin \\theta)为C_2上任意一点,点P到l的距离为d,$\n则\n$$\nd = \\frac{|\\sqrt{2}\\cos \\theta -\\sqrt{6}\\sin \\theta -6\\sqrt{2}|}{\\sqrt{2}} = \\frac{\\left|2\\sqrt{2}\\cos \\left(\\theta +\\frac{\\pi }{3}\\right)-6\\sqrt{2}\\right|}{\\sqrt{2}} = 6-2\\cos\\left(\\theta +\\frac{\\pi }{3}\\right),\n$$\n$所以当\\cos\\left(\\theta +\\frac{\\pi }{3}\\right)=-1时,d_{max}=8,$\n$当\\cos\\left(\\theta +\\frac{\\pi }{3}\\right)=1时,d_{min}=4,$\n所以P到l的距离的取值范围是[4,8]。""]" ['$[4,8]$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +207 "$在直角坐标系xOy中,曲线C的参数方程为$ +$$ +\left\{ +\begin{matrix} +x=\sqrt{3}\cos 2t,\\ +y=2\sin t +\end{matrix} +\right. +$$ +$(t为参数).以坐标原点为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,已知直线l的极坐标方程为\rho sin\left(\theta +\frac{\pi }{3}\right)+m=0$ +$若l与C有公共点,求m的取值范围.$" "['解法:\n\n$由x = \\sqrt{3}cos 2t,$\n$得x = \\sqrt{3}(1-2sin^2t) = \\sqrt{3}[1-2(\\frac{y}{2})^2] = \\sqrt{3}-\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}y^2(-2\\leq y\\leq 2),$\n$联立\\{ x = \\sqrt{3}-\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}y^2, \\sqrt{3}x+y+2m = 0 \\},得3y^2-2y-4m-6 = 0,$\n$即3y^2-2y-6 = 4m,$\n$因为3y^2-2y-6 = 3(y-\\frac{1}{3})^2-\\frac{19}{3},且-2\\leq y\\leq 2,$\n$所以-\\frac{19}{3} \\leq 3y^2-2y-6 \\leq 10,即-\\frac{19}{3} \\leq 4m \\leq 10,$\n$所以-\\frac{19}{12} \\leq m \\leq \\frac{5}{2}.$\n$故实数m的取值范围为[-\\frac{19}{12},\\frac{5}{2}].$' + '解法:\n\n$将x = \\sqrt{3}cos 2t,y = 2sin t代入\\sqrt{3}x+y+2m = 0中,$\n$可得3cos 2t+2sin t+2m = 0 \\Rightarrow 3(1-2sin^2t)+2sin t+2m = 0,$\n$化简为-6sin^2t+2sin t+3+2m = 0,$\n$要使l与C有公共点,则2m = 6sin^2t-2sin t-3有解,$\n$令sin t=a,则a \\in [-1,1],令f(a) = 6a^2-2a-3(-1\\leq a\\leq 1),$\n$所以f(a)_{max} = f(-1) = 6+2-3 = 5,$\n$f(a)_{min} = f(\\frac{1}{6}) = \\frac{1}{6}-\\frac{2}{6}-3 = -\\frac{19}{6},$\n$所以-\\frac{19}{6} \\leq 2m \\leq 5,即m的取值范围为[-\\frac{19}{12},\\frac{5}{2}].$']" ['$[-\\frac{19}{12},\\frac{5}{2}]$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +208 "$在直角坐标系xOy中,以坐标原点为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,曲线C_1的极坐标方程为\rho=2sin \theta (\frac{\pi }{4}\leq \theta \leq \frac{\pi }{2}).$ +$曲线C_2:$ +$\left\{\begin{matrix}x=2\cos \alpha ,\\ y=2\sin \alpha \end{matrix}\right.$ +$(\alpha为参数,\frac{\pi }{2}<\alpha<\pi).$ +$写出C_1的直角坐标方程;其中(0\leq x\leq 1且1\leq y\leq 2)$" ['$\\because \\rho =2sin \\theta ,\\therefore \\rho ^2=2\\rho sin \\theta .$\n$\\because \\rho ^2=x^2+y^2,y=\\rho sin \\theta ,\\therefore x^2+y^2=2y,$\n$即x^2+(y-1)^2=1.$\n$又\\because \\frac{\\pi }{4}\\leq \\theta \\leq \\frac{\\pi }{2},\\therefore 0\\leq x\\leq 1且1\\leq y\\leq 2,$\n$\\therefore C_1的直角坐标方程为x^2+(y-1)^2=1(0\\leq x\\leq 1且1\\leq y\\leq 2).$\n\n'] ['$x^2+(y-1)^2=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Equation Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +209 "$在直角坐标系xOy中,以坐标原点为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,曲线C_1的极坐标方程为\rho=2sin \theta (\frac{\pi }{4}\leq \theta \leq \frac{\pi }{2}).$ +$曲线C_2:$ +$\left\{\begin{matrix}x=2\cos \alpha ,\\ y=2\sin \alpha \end{matrix}\right.$ +$(\alpha为参数,\frac{\pi }{2}<\alpha<\pi).$ +$若直线y=x+m既与C_1没有公共点,也与C_2没有公共点,求m的取值范围.$" ['$由题���可知 C_2 : x^2 + y^2 = 4 (-2 < x < 0 且 0 < y < 2).$\n\n由图可知:\n\n$当 m < 0时,y = x + m 与 C_1 无公共点,与 C_2 也无公共点,$\n\n$当 y = x + m 与 C_2 相切时,$\n\n$有 \\frac{|m|}{\\sqrt{1^2+(-1)^2}} = 2,解得 m = 2 \\sqrt{2}(负值舍去).$\n\n$所以当 m > 2 \\sqrt{2} 时,直线 y = x + m 与 C_1 和 C_2 都无公共点.$\n\n$综上, m 的取值范围是 \\{m | m < 0 或 m > 2 \\sqrt{2} \\}.$\n\n'] ['(-\\infty,0)\\cup(2\\sqrt{2},+\\infty)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +210 "$在平面直角坐标系xOy中,\odot O的参数方程为$ +$$ +\begin{cases} +x=\cos\theta ,\\ +y=\sin\theta +\end{cases} +$$ +$(\theta为参数),过点(0,-\sqrt{2})且倾斜角为\alpha 的直线l与\odot O交于A,B两点.$ +求$\alpha$ 的取值范围;" ['$\\odot O的直角坐标方程为x^{2} + y^{2} = 1.$\n\n$当\\alpha =\\frac{\\pi}{2}时,l与\\odot O交于两点.$\n\n$当\\alpha \\neq \\frac{\\pi}{2}时,记tan \\alpha =k,则l的方程为y=kx-\\sqrt{2}. l与\\odot O交于两点当且仅当|\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{\\sqrt{1+k^2}}| < 1,解得k<-1或k>1,即\\alpha \\in \\left(\\frac{\\pi}{4},\\frac{\\pi}{2}\\right)或\\alpha \\in \\left(\\frac{\\pi}{2},\\frac{3\\pi}{4}\\right).$\n\n$综上,\\alpha 的取值范围是\\left(\\frac{\\pi}{4},\\frac{3\\pi}{4}\\right).$\n\n'] ['$\\left(\\frac{\\pi}{4},\\frac{3\\pi}{4}\\right)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Interval Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +211 "$已知函数f(x)=|x+1|+|x-a|.$ +$当a=2时,求不等式f(x)<5的解集;$" ['$当a=2时,原不等式可化为$\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x<-1,\\\\ 1-2x<5\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n或\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}-1\\leq x\\leq 2,\\\\ 3<5\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n或\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x>2,\\\\ 2x-1<5,\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n$解得x\\in (-2,3)$\n\n所以不等式的解集为(-2,3).'] ['(-2,3)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +212 "$已知函数f(x)=|x+1|+|x-a|.$ +$若f(x)\geq 2的解集为R,求a的取值范围.$" ['$由题意可得 f(x)_{min} \\geq 2,因为 |x+1| + |x-a| \\geq |(x+1) - (x-a)| = |a+1|,当 (x+1)(x-a) \\leq 0 时取等号。所以 f(x)_{min} = |a+1|,由 f(x) \\geq 2 的解集为 R,则 |a+1| \\geq 2,即 a+1 \\geq 2 或 a+1 \\leq -2, 故 a \\geq 1 或 a \\leq -3。$'] ['(-\\infty,-3]\\cup[1,+\\infty)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +213 "$已知存在x_0\in R,使得|x_0+a|-|x_0-2b|\geq 4成立,a>0,b>0.$ +$求a+2b的取值范围;$" ['$由题意,知 |x+b|-|x-2b| \\leq |(x+a)-(x-2b)|=|a+2b|=a+2b.$\n\n$因为存在 x_0 \\in R,使得 |x_0+a|-|x_0-2b|\\geq 4,$\n\n$所以只需 a+2b \\geq 4,即 a+2b 的取值范围是[4,+\\infty ).$'] ['[4,+\\infty)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +214 "$已知函数f(x) = \sqrt{|2x-1|-|x+m|-m}.$ +$当m=2时,求函数f(x)的定义域;$" ['$当m=2时, f(x)=\\sqrt{|2x-1|-|x+2|-2},依题意,|2x-1|-|x+2|-2\\geq 0,$\n\n$当x\\leq -2时,不等式化为1-2x+x+2-2\\geq 0,解得x\\leq 1,则有x\\leq -2;$\n\n$当-2\\frac{1}{2}时,不等式化为2x-1-x-2-2\\geq 0,解得x\\geq 5,则有x\\geq 5.$\n\n$所以函数f(x)的定义域为(-\\infty ,-1]\\cup [5,+\\infty )$.'] ['$(-\\infty ,-1]\\cup [5,+\\infty )$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +215 "$已知函数f(x) = \sqrt{|2x-1|-|x+m|-m}.$ +$设函数f(x)的定义域为M,当m>-\frac{1}{2}时,\left[-m,\frac{1}{2}\right]\subseteq M,求实数m的取值范围.$" ['$当m>-\\frac{1}{2}时,\\left[-m,\\frac{1}{2}\\right]\\subseteq M,则∀x\\in \\left[-m,\\frac{1}{2}\\right],|2x-1|-|x+m|-m\\geq 0成立,$\n\n$此时,2x-1\\leq 0,x+m\\geq 0,则|2x-1|-|x+m|-m\\geq 0\\Leftrightarrow 1-2x-x-m-m\\geq 0\\Leftrightarrow 2m\\leq -3x+1,$\n\n$于是得∀x\\in \\left[-m,\\frac{1}{2}\\right],2m\\leq -3x+1成立,而函数y=-3x+1在\\left[-m,\\frac{1}{2}\\right]上单调递减,$\n\n$当x=\\frac{1}{2}时,y_{min}=-\\frac{1}{2},从而得2m\\leq -\\frac{1}{2},解得m\\leq -\\frac{1}{4},又m>-\\frac{1}{2},所以实数m的取值范围是-\\frac{1}{2}1 时, (x-1)-(x+2)\\leq 2, 化简得 -3\\leq 2, 所以 x>1. 所以不���式 f(x)-|x+2|\\leq 3 的解集为 \\left[-\\frac{3}{2},+\\infty \\right).$\n\n'] ['$\\left[-\\frac{3}{2},+\\infty \\right)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Interval Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +217 "$已知函数f(x)=|x-1|+1.$ +$若存在 x \in [1, 2],使得不等式 |x + a| + 2f(x) > x^2 + 2 成立,求实数 a 的取值范围.$" ['$因为 |x+a|+2f(x)>x^2+2, f(x)=|x-1|+1,$\n\n$当 1 \\leq x \\leq 2 时, 原不等式可化为 |x+a|>x^2-2x+2,$\n\n$所以 x+a>x^2-2x+2 或 x+a<-x^2+2x-2,$\n\n$即存在 x \\in [1,2], 使得 a>x^2-3x+2 或 a<-x^2+x-2.$\n\n$若存在 x \\in [1,2], 使 a>x^2-3x+2 成立, 又 x^2-3x+2 \\geq -\\frac{1}{4},所以 a>-\\frac{1}{4};$\n\n$若存在 x \\in [1,2], 使 a<-x^2+x-2 成立, 又 -x^2+x-2 \\leq -2,所以 a<-2.$\n\n$综上,实数 a 的取值范围为 (-\\infty,-2) \\cup \\left(-\\frac{1}{4},+\\infty \\right).$\n\n'] ['$(-\\infty,-2) \\cup \\left(-\\frac{1}{4},+\\infty \\right)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Interval Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +218 "$已知a+b+c=3.$ +$若c=1,且f(x)=|x-a|+|x-2b|\geq 2恒成立,求a的取值范围。$" ['$若c=1,\\because a+b+c=3,\\therefore a+b=2,\\therefore b=2-a,$\n$\\because f(x)=|x-a|+|x-2b|,\\therefore f(x)=|x-a|+|x-4+2a|,$\n$\\because f(x)=|x-a|+|x-2b|\\geq 2恒成立,\\therefore f_{min}\\geq 2,$\n$\\because f(x)=|x-a|+|x-4+2a|\\geq |(x-a)-(x-4+2a)|=|4-3a|,当且仅当(x-a)(x-4+2a)\\leq 0时取等号,\\therefore f_{min}=|4-3a|\\geq 2,解得a\\leq \\frac{2}{3}或a\\geq 2,$\n$故实数a的取值范围为(-\\infty ,\\frac{2}{3}]\\cup [2,+\\infty ).$'] ['$(-\\infty ,\\frac{2}{3}]\\cup [2,+\\infty )$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +219 "$已知函数f(x)=|x-a|+2|x+1|(a>0)。$ +$若a=3,求不等式 f(x)>5 的解集;$" ['$当a=3时, f(x)=|x-3|+2|x+1|,$\n\n$则f(x)=\\begin{cases} 1-3x,x\\leq -1,\\\\ \nx+5,-15\n\\end{cases}$\n\n或\n\n$\\begin{cases} -15\n\\end{cases}$\n\n或\n\n$\\begin{cases}\nx\\geq 3,\\\\\n3x-1>5,\n\\end{cases}$\n\n$解得x<- \\frac{4}{3}或05的解集为(-\\infty ,-\\frac{4}{3})\\cup (0,+\\infty ).$'] ['$(-\\infty ,-\\frac{4}{3})\\cup (0,+\\infty )$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +220 "$已知函数f(x)=|x+2|+|x-4|.$ +$求不等式f(x) \leq 3x的解集;$" ['$当x>4时,原不等式等价于x+2+x-4\\leq 3x,解得x\\geq -2,所以x>4;$\n\n$当x<-2时,原不等式等价于-x-2-x+4\\leq 3x,解得x\\geq \\frac{2}{5},所以此时不等式无解;$\n\n$当-2\\leq x\\leq 4时,原不等式等价于x+2-x+4\\leq 3x,解得x\\geq 2,所以2\\leq x\\leq 4.$\n\n$综上所述,不等式f(x)\\leq 3x的解集为[2,+\\infty ).$'] ['$(2,+\\infty )$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +221 "$已知函数f(x)=|x+2|+|x-4|.$ +$若f(x)\geq k|x-1|对任意x\in R恒成立,求k的取值范围.$" ['$由f(x)\\geq k|x-1|得|x+2|+|x-4|\\geq k|x-1|,$\n\n$当x=1时,6\\geq 0恒成立,所以k\\in R.$\n\n$当x\\neq 1时,k\\leq \\frac{|x+2|+|x-4|}{|x-1|}=\\frac{|x-1+3|+|x-1-3|}{|x-1|}= |1+\\frac{3}{x-1}| + |1-\\frac{3}{x-1}|.$\n\n$因为|1+\\frac{3}{x-1}|+|1-\\frac{3}{x-1}|\\geq |1+\\frac{3}{x-1} + 1-\\frac{3}{x-1}|=2, 当且仅当\\left(1+\\frac{3}{x-1}\\right)\\left(1-\\frac{3}{x-1}\\right)\\geq 0,即x\\geq 4或x\\leq -2时,等号成立,所以k\\leq 2.$\n\n$综上,k的取值范围是(-\\infty ,2].$'] ['$(-\\infty ,2]$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +222 "$已知函数f(x)=|2x+a|, g(x)=|x-1|.$ +$若f(x)+2g(x)的最小值为1,求实数a的取值范围;$" ['$函数 f(x)=|2x+a|, g(x)=|x-1|,$\n$f(x)+2g(x)=|2x+a|+2|x-1|=|2x+a|+|2x-2|\\geq |2x+a-(2x-2)|=|a+2|=1,解得 a>=-1或a=-3.$'] ['{-3}\\cup[-1,+\\infty)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +223 "$已知函数f(x)=|2x+a|, g(x)=|x-1|.$ +$若关于x的不等式f(x)+g(x)<1的解集包含\left[\frac{1}{2},1\right],求实数a的取值范围.$" ['$当x \\in [\\frac{1}{2},1]时,不等式f(x)+g(x)<1即|2x+a|+|x-1|<1,可得|2x+a|+1-x<1,即|2x+a| 1,$\n\n$\\therefore -\\frac{3}{2}\\frac{1}{4},\\\\ 8x+2\\geq 6,\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n$解得x\\leq -1,或x\\in \\emptyset ,或x\\geq \\frac{1}{2}。$\n故原不等式的解集为\n$\\left\\{x\\left|\\right.x\\leq -1{\\text{或}}x\\geq \\frac{1}{2}\\right\\}$'] ['(-\\infty,-1]\\cup[\\frac{1}{2},+\\infty)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +225 "$已知函数 f(x)=|4x-1|。$ +$若函数y=f(x)+t^2的图象与函数y=5t-f(x+1)的图象有公共点,求实数t的取值范围.$" ['$由题意知方程f(x)+t^2=5t-f(x+1)有解, $\n\n$等价于f(x)+f(x+1)=-t^2+5t,即|4x+3|+|4x-1|=-t^2+5t有解,$\n\n$等价于函数y=|4x+3|+|4x-1|的图象与直线y=-t^2+5t有公共点. $\n\n$因为y=|4x+3|+|4x-1|\\geq |4x+3-4x+1|=4,$\n\n$所以-t^2+5t\\geq 4,即t^2-5t+4\\leq 0,解得1\\leq t\\leq 4,$\n\n$所以实数t的取值范围为[1,4].$'] ['$[1,4]$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +226 "$已知函数f(x)=|2x-1|+|x+1|.$ +$解不等式f(x)\geq 3;$" ['数学科目的题目:\n\n$f(x) = |2x - 1| + |x + 1| = $\n\n$\\begin{cases}\n-3x, & x \\leq -1, \\\\\n2 - x, & -1 < x < \\frac{1}{2}, \\\\ \n3x, & x \\geq \\frac{1}{2}.\n\\end{cases}$\n\n$f(x) \\geq 3 等价于: $\n\n$\\begin{cases}\nx \\leq -1, \\\\\n-3x \\geq 3\n\\end{cases}$\n\n或\n\n$\\begin{cases}\n-1 < x < \\frac{1}{2}, \\\\\n2 - x \\geq 3\n\\end{cases}$\n\n或\n\n$\\begin{cases}\nx \\geq \\frac{1}{2}, \\\\\n3x \\geq 3.\n\\end{cases}$\n\n$解得 x \\leq -1 或 x \\geq 1,$\n\n$所以不等式 f(x) \\geq 3 的解集为 \\{x | x \\leq -1 或 x \\geq 1\\}.$'] ['(-\\infty,-1]\\cup[1,+\\infty)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +227 "$已知函数f(x)=|2x+4|+|x-1|.$ +$求不等式f(x)>6的解集;$" [':\n由条件可知原不等式可化为\n①\n\n$\\begin{align*}\nx &\\geq 1,\\\\ \n2x+4+x-1 &> 6,\n\\end{align*}$\n\n②\n\n$\\begin{align*}\n-2 &< x < 1,\\\\ \n2x+4-(x-1) &> 6,\n\\end{align*}$\n\n③\n\n$\\begin{align*}\nx &\\leq -2,\\\\ \n-(2x+4)-(x-1) &> 6,\n\\end{align*}$\n\n解①得$x>1$;解②得$x\\in \\emptyset$ ;解③得$x<-3$.\n所以原不等式的解集为$(-\\infty ,-3)\\cup (1,+\\infty )$.'] ['$(-\\infty ,-3)\\cup (1,+\\infty )$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +228 "$已知椭圆C: x^2/a^2 + y^2/b^2 = 1 (a>b>0) 的左、右顶点分别为A, B, 且|AB|=4, 离心率为 \sqrt{3}/2.$ +$设P是椭圆C上不同于A,B的一点,直线PA,PB与直线x=4分别交于点M,N.若|MN|\leq 4,求点P横坐标的取值范围.$" ['$设P(m,n)(-20\(\left(\theta _0\in \left(0,\frac{\pi }{4}\right)\right)\)与曲线C和直线l分别交于A,B(A,B均异于点O)两点,$$求|OA|\cdot |OB|的取值范围.$" ['$因为曲线C的极坐标方程为\\rho =2cos \\theta ,直线l的极坐标方程为\\rho (sin \\theta +cos \\theta )=\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2},即\\rho =\\frac{1}{\\sqrt{2}(\\sin \\theta +\\cos \\theta )},\\therefore |OA|\\cdot |OB|=\\frac{2\\cos \\theta _0}{\\sqrt{2}(\\sin \\theta _0+\\cos \\theta _0)}=\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{\\tan \\theta _0+1},\\theta _0\\in \\left(0,\\frac{\\pi }{4}\\right),则|OA|\\cdot |OB|的取值范围为\\left(\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2},\\sqrt{2}\\right).$\n\n'] ['\\left(\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2},\\sqrt{2}\\right)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Interval Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +232 "$已知双曲线C: \frac{x^2}{a^2}-\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>0,b>0)的实轴长为2,点(\sqrt{7},-1)是抛物线E:x^2=2py(p>0)的准线与C的一个交点.$ +过双曲线C上一点P作抛物线E的切线,切点分别为A,B.求\triangle PAB面积的取值范围." "["": 显然直线AB的斜率存在,故设直线AB的方程为y=kx+m,A(x_1,y_1),B(x_2,y_2),\n联立\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}y=kx+m,\\\\ x^2=4y\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n有x^2-4kx-4m=0,\n$故x_1+x_2=4k,x_1x_2=-4m,由y=\\frac{1}{4}x^2,得y'=\\frac{1}{2}x。$\n$故切线AP:y-y_1=\\frac{1}{2}x_1(x-x_1),结合y_1=\\frac{1}{4}x_1^2整理得y=\\frac{1}{2}x_1x-\\frac{1}{4}x_1^2。$\n$同理切线BP:y=\\frac{1}{2}x_2x-\\frac{1}{4}x_2^2,$\n联立\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}y=\\frac{1}{2}x_1x-\\frac{1}{4}x_1^2,\\\\ y=\\frac{1}{2}x_2x-\\frac{1}{4}x_2^2,\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n解得\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x=\\frac{x_1+x_2}{2},\\\\ y=\\frac{x_1x_2}{4},\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n即\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x=2k,\\\\ y=-m,\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n$故P(2k,-m).$\n$又S_{\\triangle PAB}=\\frac{1}{2}\\sqrt{1+k^2}|x_1-x_2|\\cdot \\frac{|2k^2-(-m)+m|}{\\sqrt{1+k^2}}=\\sqrt{(x_1+x_2)^2-4x_1x_2}\\cdot |k^2+m|=4|k^2+m|^{\\frac{3}{2}},且(2k)^2-6(-m)^2=1,即k^2=\\frac{6m^2+1}{4},$\n$故S_{\\triangle PAB}=4|k^{2 }+ m |^{\\frac{3}{2} }=\\frac{1}{2}|6m^{2}+ 4m+ 1 |^{\\frac{3}{2} }=$\n$\\frac{1}{2}\\left[6\\left(m+\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^2+\\frac{1}{3}\\right]^{\\frac{3}{2}}\\geq \\frac{1}{2}\\times \\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^{\\frac{3}{2}}=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{18},$\n$故\\triangle PAB面积的取值范围为[\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{18},+\\infty).$""]" ['$[\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{18},+\\infty)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +233 "$设椭圆 C :$ + +$\frac{x^2}{9}+\frac{y^2}{5}=1$ + +$的左,右顶点分别为 A,B.$ +$已知过点D(0,-3)的直线l交椭圆C于M、N两个不同的点,直线AM,AN分别交y轴于点S,T,记\overrightarrow{DS}=\lambda\overrightarrow{DO},\overrightarrow{DT}=\mu\overrightarrow{DO}(O为坐标原点),当直线l的倾斜角\theta为锐角时,求\lambda+\mu的取值范围.$" ['$设M(x_1, y_1), N(x_2, y_2),直线l: y=kx-3(k>0),$\n\n联立\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}\ny=kx-3,\\\\ \n\\frac{x^2}{9}+\\frac{y^2}{5}=1\n\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n$得(5+9k^2)x^2-54kx+36=0,由题意得\\Delta =(-54k)^2-4\\times 36\\times (5+9k^2)>0,因为k>0,所以k>\\frac{2}{3}.$\n\n$由根与系数的关系得x_1+x_2=\\frac{54k}{9k^2+5},x_1x_2=\\frac{36}{9k^2+5}.$\n\n$易知直线AM的方程是y=\\frac{y_1}{x_1+3}(x+3),令x=0,解得y=\\frac{3y_1}{x_1+3},所以S\\left(0,\\frac{3y_1}{x_1+3}\\right),同理可得T\\left(0,\\frac{3y_2}{x_2+3}\\right).$\n\n$所以\\overrightarrow{DS}=\\left(0,\\frac{3y_1}{x_1+3}+3\\right),\\overrightarrow{DT}=\\left(0,\\frac{3y_2}{x_2+3}+3\\right),$\n\n$因为\\overrightarrow{DO}=(0,3),\\overrightarrow{DS}=\\lambda \\overrightarrow{DO},\\overrightarrow{DT}=\\mu \\overrightarrow{DO},所以\\frac{3y_1}{x_1+3}+3=3\\lambda ,\\frac{3y_2}{x_2+3}+3=3\\mu ,所以\\lambda +\\mu =\\frac{y_1}{x_1+3}+\\frac{y_2}{x_2+3}+2$\n$=\\frac{kx_1-3}{x_1+3}+\\frac{kx_2-3}{x_2+3}+2=\\frac{2kx_1x_2+3(k-1)(x_1+x_2)-18}{x_1x_2+3(x_1+x_2)+9}+2$\n$=\\frac{2k \\cdot \\frac{36}{9k^2+5}+3(k-1) \\cdot \\frac{54k}{9k^2+5}-18}{\\frac{36}{9k^2+5}+3 \\cdot \\frac{54k}{9k^2+5}+9}+2$\n$=-\\frac{10}{9(k+1)}+2,$\n\n$因为k>\\frac{2}{3},所以\\frac{4}{3}<\\lambda +\\mu <2.$\n\n$所以\\lambda +\\mu 的取值范围是\\left(\\frac{4}{3},2\\right).$\n\n'] ['$\\left(\\frac{4}{3},2\\right)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Interval Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +234 "$已知函数 f(x)=e^x cos x ,g(x)=a\cos x+x (a<0),曲线 y=g(x) 在 x=\frac{\pi }{6} 处的切线的斜率为 \frac{3}{2}.$ +$若对任意的x\in \left[-\frac{\pi }{2},0\right],tf(x)-g'(x)\geq 0恒成立,求实数t的取值范围;$" "[""$由(1)可知 g'(x)=1+\\\\sin x,对任意的 x \\in [-\\frac{\\pi}{2},0],$\n$tf(x)-g'(x) \\geq 0 恒成立,即 te^{x} \\\\cos x \\geq 1+\\\\sin x 对任意的 x \\in [-\\frac{\\pi}{2},0] 恒成立.$\n$当 x=-\\frac{\\pi}{2} 时,不等号两边均为0,对任意的 t \\in R 恒成立;$\n$当 -\\frac{\\pi}{2} < x \\leq 0 时,\\\\cos x > 0,则 t \\geq \\frac{1+\\\\sin x}{e^{x}\\\\cos x},$\n$令 h(x)=\\frac{1+\\\\sin x}{e^{x}\\\\cos x},其中 -\\frac{\\pi}{2} < x \\leq 0,$\n$则 h'(x)=\\frac{e^{x}\\\\cos ^2x-e^{x}(\\\\cos x-\\\\sin x)(1+\\\\sin x)}{(e^{x}\\\\cos x)^2}=\\frac{(1-\\\\cos x)(1+\\\\sin x)}{e^{x}\\\\cos ^2x} \\geq 0,当且仅当 x=0 时取等号,$\n$故函数 h(x) 在 (-\\frac{\\pi}{2},0] 上单调递增,h_{max}=h(0)=1,故 t \\geq 1.$\n$综上所述,t \\geq 1。$""]" ['[1,+\\infty)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +235 "$已知函数f(x)=\frac{1}{2}ax^2-x-lnx(a\in R). a>0$ +$求f(x)的单调递增区间;$" "[""$f(x)的定义域为(0,+\\infty ),f'(x)=ax-1-\\frac{1}{x}=\\frac{ax^2-x-1}{x}.$\n\n$记\\phi (x)=ax^2-x-1(x>0).$\n\n$当a\\leq 0时,\\phi (x)<0,即 f'(x)<0,所以f(x)在(0,+\\infty )上单调递减.$\n\n$当a>0时,令\\phi (x)=0,得x_1=\\frac{1+\\sqrt{1+4a}}{2a},x_2=\\frac{1-\\sqrt{1+4a}}{2a}(舍去). 当x\\in (0,x_1)时,\\phi (x)<0,即 f'(x)<0,所以f(x)单调递减;当x\\in (x_1,+\\infty )时,\\phi (x)>0,即 f'(x)>0,所以f(x)单调递增,$\n\n$综上,当a\\leq 0时,f(x)在(0,+\\infty )上单调递减;当a>0时,f(x)在\\left(0,\\frac{1+\\sqrt{1+4a}}{2a}\\right)上单调递减,在\\left(\\frac{1+\\sqrt{1+4a}}{2a},+\\infty \\right)上单调递增.$\n\n""]" ['\\left(\\frac{1+\\sqrt{1+4a}}{2a},+\\infty \\right)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +236 "$已知函数f(x)=\frac{1}{2}ax^2-x-lnx(a\in R).$ +$当x\geq 1时,|f(x)|\geq 2,求a的取值范围;$" "[""$由(1)知,当a\\leq 0时,f(x)在[1,+\\infty )上单调递减,所以f(x)\\leq f(1)=\\frac{1}{2}a-1<0,此时|f(x)|_{min}=1-\\frac{a}{2}.$\n$令1-\\frac{a}{2}\\geq 2,解得a\\leq -2.$\n$当a>0时,令x_1\\leq 1,得a\\geq 2,则当x\\in [1,+\\infty )时,\\phi(x)\\geq 0,即f'(x)\\geq 0,且在任意区间内f'(x)不恒为0,$\n$所以f(x)在[1,+\\infty )上单调递增,此时f(x)\\geq f(1)=\\frac{a}{2}-1\\geq 0,|f(x)|_{min}=\\frac{a}{2}-1.$\n$令\\frac{a}{2}-1\\geq 2,解得a\\geq 6.$\n$令x_1>1,得00,f(x)单调递增,$\n$此时f(x)_{min}=f(x_1)=\\frac{1}{2}ax^2_1-x_1-ln x_1,$\n$又\\phi(x_1)=ax^2_1-x_1-1=0,$\n$所以f(x)_{min}=\\frac{1}{2}(x_1+1)-x_1-ln x_1=\\frac{1}{2}(1-x_1)-ln x_1<0.$\n$又当x\\rightarrow +\\infty 时,f(x)\\rightarrow +\\infty ,所以由函数零点存在定理知∃x_0\\in (x_1,+\\infty ),使得f(x_0)=0,此时|f(x)|_{min}=0,不满足题意.$\n$综上,a的取值范围是a\\leq -2或a\\geq 6.$""]" ['(-\\infty,-2]\\cup[6,+\\infty)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +237 "$已知函数f(x) = a\ln x + \frac{1}{2}x^{2} - (a+1)x (a>1).$ +$求函数f(x)的单调递减区间;$" "[""$易得f'(x)=\\frac{a}{x}+x-(a+1)=\\frac{x^2-(a+1)x+a}{x}=\\frac{(x-1)(x-a)}{x}(x>0),$\n\n$令f'(x)=0,得x=1或x=a,$\n\n①若00,f(x)单调递增,$\n\n$当x\\in (a,1)时,f'(x)<0,f(x)单调递减,$\n\n$当x\\in (1,+\\infty )时,f'(x)>0,f(x)单调递增,$\n\n$②若a=1,则f'(x)\\geq 0,f(x)在(0,+\\infty )上单调递增,$\n\n$③若a>1,则当x\\in (0,1)时,f'(x)>0,f(x)单调递增,$\n\n$当x\\in (1,a)时,f'(x)<0,f(x)单调递减,当x\\in (a,+\\infty )时,f'(x)>0,f(x)单调递增.$\n\n$综上,当01时,f(x)的单调递增区间为(0,1),(a,+\\infty ),f(x)的单调递减区间为(1,a).$\n\n""]" ['(1,a)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +238 "$在\triangle ABC中,内角 A,B,C所对的边分别为 a,b,c,且 b\sin\frac{B+C}{2} = a\sin B。$ +$求 \frac{a-c}{b} 的取值范围.$" ['由正弦定理得,\n$\\frac{a-c}{b}$\n$=\\frac{\\\\sin A-\\\\sin C}{\\\\sin B}$\n$=\\frac{\\\\sin \\frac{\\pi}{3}-\\\\sin \\left(\\frac{2\\pi}{3}-B\\right)}{\\\\sin B}$\n$=\\frac{\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}-\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}\\\\cos B-\\frac{1}{2}\\\\sin B}{\\\\sin B}$\n$=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}\\cdot \\frac{1-\\\\cos B}{\\\\sin B}-\\frac{1}{2}$\n$=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}\\cdot \\frac{1-\\left(1-2\\\\sin ^2\\frac{B}{2}\\right)}{2\\\\sin \\frac{B}{2}\\\\cos \\frac{B}{2}}-\\frac{1}{2}$\n$=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}tan\\frac{B}{2}-\\frac{1}{2},$\n$\\because 02时,B={x|2\\leq x\\leq a},若B\\subseteq A,则a\\leq 4,所以2a, 即0\\leq a<\\frac{1}{2}时,不等式x^{2}-x+a(1-a)<0的解集为(a,1-a).$\n\n$综上,当\\frac{1}{2}0恒成立,则a的取值范围为\_\_\_\_\_.$ ['$由题得x^{2}+ax-4x+4>0$\n\n$\\therefore ax>-x^{2}+4x-4$\n\n$当x=0时,0>-4恒成立,a\\in R;$\n\n$当x\\in (0,3]时,a>\\frac{-x^2+4x-4}{x}=-\\left(x+\\frac{4}{x}\\right)+4$\n\n$因为x\\in (0,3],所以x+\\frac{4}{x}\\geq 2\\sqrt{x\\frac{4}{x}}=4(当且仅当x=2时等号成立).$\n\n$所以-\\left(x+\\frac{4}{x}\\right)+4\\leq -4+4=0,$\n\n$所以a>0.$\n\n$综上,a的取值范围为(0,+\\infty ).$'] ['$(0,+\\infty )$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +244 "$已知函数f(x)=ax^2+bx+1(a、b为实数,a\neq 0,x\in R),函数f(x)的图象与x轴有且只有一个交点(-1,0).$ +$当x\in[-2,2]时,g(x)=f(x)-kx是单调函数,求实数k的取值范围.$" ['$g(x)=f(x)-kx=x^2+(2-k)x+1 (-2\\leq x\\leq 2),其图象开口向上,对称轴为直线 x=\\frac{k-2}{2}.$\n$若函数 g(x) 在[-2,2]上为增函数,$\n$则 \\frac{k-2}{2} \\leq -2,解得 k \\leq -2;$\n$若函数 g(x) 在[-2,2]上为减函数,$\n$则 \\frac{k-2}{2} \\geq 2,解得 k \\geq 6.$\n$综上所述,实数 k 的取值范围是(-\\infty ,-2]\\cup [6,+\\infty ).$\n\n思路分析\n\n$分两种情况讨论:函数 g(x) 在[-2,2]上为增函数或函数 g(x) 在[-2,2]上为减函数.根据 g(x) 的图象特征可得出关于实数 k 的不等式,由此可解得实数 k 的取值范围.$'] ['$(-\\infty ,-2]\\cup [6,+\\infty )$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +245 "$已知f(x)是定义在 R 上的偶函数,且 x \leq 0 时, f(x) = \log_{\frac{1}{2}}(-x+1).$ +$若f(a-1)<-1,求实数a的取值范围.$" ['$\\because f(x)为定义在R上的偶函数,且f(x)=\\log_{\\frac{1}{2}}{(x+1)}在(0,+\\infty )上单调递减, f(1)=-1,$\n\n$\\therefore f(a-1)<-1=f(1),$\n\n$\\therefore |a-1|>1,解得a>2或a<0.$\n\n$\\therefore 实数a的取值范围是(-\\infty ,0)\\cup (2,+\\infty )。$'] ['$(-\\infty ,0)\\cup (2,+\\infty )$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +246 "$设函数f(x)=e^{x}+ae^{-x}(a为常数)。$ +$若f(x)是R上的增函数,则a的取值范围是\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.$" "[""$f'(x)=e^{x}-ae^{-x},$\n\n$要使f(x)是 R 上的增函数,只需 f'(x)\\geq 0 在 R 上恒成立.即 a\\leq e^{2x} 恒成立.$\n\n$因为 x\\in R,e^{2x}>0,$\n\n$所以 a\\leq 0.$\n\n$即 a 的取值范围是 (-\\infty ,0].$""]" ['$(-\\infty ,0]$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +247 "$已知函数f(x)是定义在R上的奇函数,当x>0时, f(x)=x^2-2ax+a+2,其中a\in R.$ +$如果f(x)的值域是R,则a的取值范围为\_\_\_\_\_.$" ['$由f(x)的图象关于原点对称,可得f(0)=0,又当x>0时, f(x)图象的对称轴为直线x=a,$\n$所以若f(x)的值域是R,$\n$则当x>0时, f(x)=x^2-2ax+a+2必须满足:$\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\na\\leq 0,\\\\ \na+2\\leq 0\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n或\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\na>0,\\\\ \n\\Delta =4a^2-4(a+2)\\geq 0,\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n$解得a\\leq -2或a\\geq 2,$\n$即a的取值范围是(-\\infty ,-2]\\cup [2,+\\infty ).$'] ['$(-\\infty ,-2]\\cup [2,+\\infty )$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +248 "$已知函数f(x)=-x^{2}+(a-1)x+a,其中a \in R.$ +$求当a>7时,函数f(x)在区间[1,3]上的最大值;$" ['$由函数f(x)=-x^2+(a-1)x + a知,$\n$f(x)图象的对称轴方程为x=\\frac{a-1}{2},$\n$当 \\frac{a-1}{2} < 1 ,即a<3时, f(x)在[1,3]上单调递减,$\n$所以f(x)_{max}=f(1)=2a-2.$\n$当1\\leq \\frac{a-1}{2}\\leq 3,即3\\leq a\\leq 7时, f(x)_{max}=f\\left(\\frac{a-1}{2}\\right)=\\frac{(a+1)^2}{4},$\n$当 \\frac{a-1}{2} > 3 ,即a>7时, f(x)在[1,3]上单调递增,$\n$所以 f(x)_{max}=f(3)=4a-12,$\n$综上, f(x)_{max}=\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}2a-2, & a<3,\\\\ \\frac{(a+1)^2}{4}, & 3\\leq a\\leq 7,\\\\ 4a-12, & a>7. \\end{matrix}\\right.$\n\n'] ['$4a-12$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +249 "$已知函数f(x)=-x^{2}+(a-1)x+a,其中a \in R.$ +$当a<0时,设函数g(x)满足①g(x)=f(x),x \in [1,3),②g(x+2)=g(x)+2,x \in R,求g(x)在区间[-5,-3)上的值域.$" ['$若x\\in [-5,-3),则x+6\\in [1,3),$\n$由g(x+2)=g(x)+2知,g(x)=g(x+2)-2=g(x+4)-4=g(x+6)-6,$\n$因为g(x)=f(x),x\\in [1,3),$\n$所以g(x)=g(x+6)-6=f(x+6)-6=-(x+6)^2+(a-1)(x+6)+a-6=-x^2+(a-13)x+7a-48,$\n$因为函数g(x)图象的对称轴方程为x=\\frac{a-13}{2}<-5,$\n$所以g(x)在[-5,-3)上单调递减,$\n$故g(x)_{max}=g(-5)=2a-8,g(x)>g(-3)=4a-18,$\n$所以g(x)在区间[-5,-3)上的值域为(4a-18,2a-8].$'] ['$(4a-18,2a-8]$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +250 "$已知关于x的方程x^2+(m-3)x+m=0$ +$若此方程有两个正实根,求实数m的取值范围;$" ['$设 f(x) = x^2 + (m - 3) x+ m,$\n\n由题意得\n$$\n\\begin{cases}\n-\\frac{{m-3}}{2} > 0,\\\\ \n\\mathit{\\Delta} =(m-3)^2-4m \\geq 0,\\\\ \nf(0) = m > 0,\n\\end{cases}\n$$\n即\n$$\n\\begin{cases}\nm < 3,\\\\ \nm \\leq 1 \\text{或} m \\geq 9,\\\\ \nm > 0,\n\\end{cases}\n$$\n$解得 0 < m \\leq 1,故 m 的取值范围为 (0, 1]。$'] ['$(0, 1]$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +251 "$已知关于x的方程x^2+(m-3)x+m=0$ +$若此方程的两个正实根均在(0,2)内,求实数m的取值范围.$" ['由题意得\n\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}0 < -\\frac{m-3}{2} < 2,\\\\\\mathit{ \\Delta } =(m-3)^2-4m\\geq 0,\\\\ f(0)=m > 0,\\\\ f(2)=3m-2 > 0,\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n\n即\n\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}-1 < m < 3,\\\\ m \\leq 1 \\text{或} m \\geq 9,\\\\ m > 0,\\\\ m > \\frac{2}{3},\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n\n解得 \n\n$\\frac{2}{3} < m \\leq 1$\n\n故 m 的取值范围为 \n\n$\\left(\\frac{2}{3},1\\right]$\n\n'] ['$\\left(\\frac{2}{3},1\\right]$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Interval Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +252 "函数y=f(x)是定义在R上的偶函数,且图象过点(-1,1).已知x\geq 0时, f(x)=a^x^-1(a>0且a\neq 1). +$若f(m)\in [0,3],求m的取值范围.$" ['$由(1)得,x\\geq 0时, f(x)=2^{x}-1.$\n$当x < 0时,-x > 0, f(-x)=2^{-x}-1,$\n$又因为f(x) 是偶函数,$\n$所以x < 0时, f(x)=2^{-x}-1.$\n$当m \\geq 0时, f(m)=2^{m}-1 \\in [0,3],从而0 \\leq m \\leq 2;$\n$当m < 0时, f(m)=2^{-m}-1 \\in [0,3],从而-2 \\leq m < 0.$\n$综上所述,m 的取值范围为[-2,2].$'] ['[-2,2]'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +253 "$已知函数f(x)=a^{2x}-a^{x}+2a(a>0且a\neq 1)的图象经过点(1,6)。$ +$设 g(x) = \frac{f(x)}{2^x},若 g(x) \geq m 恒成立,求实数 m 的取值范围。$" ['$由题意得 g(x)=2^x+\\frac{4}{2^x}-1,因为 2^x+\\frac{4}{2^x}-1\\geq 2\\sqrt{2^x \\cdot \\frac{4}{2^x}}-1=3,当且仅当 2^x=\\frac{4}{2^x},即 x=1 时取等号,$\n$所以要使 g(x)\\geq m 恒成立,只需 m\\leq 3,$\n$故 m 的取值范围是 (-\\infty ,3].$'] ['$(-\\infty ,3]$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +254 "$已知函数f(x) = \log_{a}(1-x) + \log_{a}(x+3)(00,\\\\ x+3>0,\\end{matrix}\\right. 得 -3 1}. +\end{cases}$ +$若f(x)恰有两个极值点,则a的取值范围是\_\_\_\_\_.$" ['$因为二次函数y=-x^2+ax+1的图象是开口朝下对称轴为直线x=\\frac{a}{2}的抛物线,若f(x)恰有两个极值点,则必有f(x)在\\left(-\\infty ,\\frac{a}{2}\\right]上单调递增,在\\left(\\frac{a}{2},1\\right]上单调递减,在(1,+\\infty )上单调递增,$\n$所以\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}\\frac{a}{2} < 1,\\\\ a > 0,\\end{matrix}\\right.解得0 < a < 2,$\n所以a的取值范围是(0,2).'] ['$(0,2)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +256 "$已知函数f(x)=xlnx+kx,k \in R.$ +$若不等式f(x)\leq x^{2}+x恒成立,求k的取值范围.$" "[""$不等式xln x+kx\\leq x^{2}+x恒成立,则ln x+k\\leq x+1恒成立,设g(x)=ln x-x+k-1,有g(x)\\leq 0恒成立,g'(x)=\\frac{1}{x}-1,$\n\n$x\\in (0,1)时,g'(x)>0,g(x)单调递增,$\n\n$x\\in (1,+\\infty )时,g'(x)<0,g(x)单调递减,$\n\n$所以只需g_{max}=g(1)=k-2\\leq 0即可,故k\\leq 2.$""]" ['(-\\infty,2]'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +257 "$已知f(x)=\frac{\sin x+\cos x}{\mathrm{e}^x}.$ +$求f(x)的单调递增区间,k\in Z;$" "[""$由题意得 f'(x)=-\\frac{2\\sin x}{e^x},$\n\n$令f'(x)>0,则 2sin x<0,得 \\pi+2k\\pi0,得 2k\\pi 0).$ +$若f(x)+\frac{2}{a}\geq 0对x\in R恒成立,求a的取值范围.$" "[""$f '(x)=a\\left(x+\\frac{2}{a}\\right)(x-1)e^{ax}.$\n$令f '(x)=0,即a\\left(x+\\frac{2}{a}\\right)(x-1)=0,解得x=-\\frac{2}{a}或x=1.$\n$因为a>0,所以当x变化时, f '(x), f(x)的变化情况如下表:$\n\n|x|$\\left(-\\infty ,-\\frac{2}{a}\\right)$|$-\\frac{2}{a}$|$\\left(-\\frac{2}{a},1\\right)$|1|$(1,+\\infty )$|\n|-:|-:|-:|-:|-:|-:|\n|f'(x)|+|0|-|0|+|\n|f(x)|单调递增|极大值|单调递减|极小值|单调递增|\n\n$当x<-\\frac{2}{a}时,有x^2>0,-x>\\frac{2}{a},a>0,$\n$所以x^2-x-\\frac{1}{a}>0,从而f(x)>0.$\n$又函数f(x)在x=1处取得极小值f(1)=-\\frac{1}{a}e^{a}<0,$\n$所以f(1)=-\\frac{1}{a}e^{a}是函数f(x)在R上的最小值.$\n$因为不等式f(x)+\\frac{2}{a}\\geq 0对x\\in R恒成立,$\n$所以-\\frac{1}{a}e^{a}+\\frac{2}{a}\\geq 0,解得00).$\n\n$> ①当a\\leq 0时,x>0,ax-1<0,$\n$在区间(0,2)上f'(x)>0;在区间(2,+\\infty )上f'(x)<0,$\n$所以f(x)的单调递增区间是(0,2),单调递减区间是(2,+\\infty ).$\n\n$> ②当02,$\n$在区间(0,2)和\\left(\\frac{1}{a},+\\infty \\right)上f'(x)>0;在区间\\left(2,\\frac{1}{a}\\right)上f'(x)<0,$\n$所以f(x)的单调递增区间是(0,2)和\\left(\\frac{1}{a},+\\infty \\right),单调递减区间是\\left(2,\\frac{1}{a}\\right).$\n\n$> ③当a=\\frac{1}{2}时,$\n$因为f'(x)=\\frac{(x-2)^2}{2x}\\geq 0,所以f(x)的单调递增区间是(0,+\\infty ).$\n\n$> ④当a>\\frac{1}{2}时,0<\\frac{1}{a}<2,$\n$在区间\\left(0,\\frac{1}{a}\\right)和(2,+\\infty )上f'(x)>0;在区间\\left(\\frac{1}{a},2\\right)上f'(x)<0,$\n$所以f(x)的单调递增区间是\\left(0,\\frac{1}{a}\\right)和(2,+\\infty ),单调递减区间是\\left(\\frac{1}{a},2\\right).$\n\n""]" ['(0,2)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +260 "$已知函数f(x)=ax^3+x^2(a \in R)在x=-\frac{4}{3}处取得极值.$ +$若g(x)=f(x)e^x,给出g(x)的单调增区间.$" "[""$由(1)得,g(x) = (\\frac{1}{2}x^3+x^2)e^x,$\n$因为 g'(x) = \\frac{1}{2}x(x+1)(x+4)e^x,$\n$令 g'(x) = 0,解得 x = 0,x = -1 或 x = -4,$\n$当 x < -4 时,g'(x) < 0,g(x) 为减函数;$\n$当 -4 < x < -1 时,g'(x) > 0,g(x) 为增函数;$\n$当 -1 < x < 0 时,g'(x) < 0,故 g(x) 为减函数;$\n$当 x > 0 时,g'(x) > 0,g(x) 为增函数.$\n$综上,函数 g(x) 的单调减区间是 (-\\infty ,-4) 和 (-1,0),$\n$单调增区间是 (-4,-1) 和 (0,+\\infty )。$\n\n""]" ['(-4,-1), (0,+\\infty )'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +261 "$已知函数f(x)=e^{x},点A(a,0)为一定点,直线x=t(t\neq a)分别与函数f(x)的图象和x轴交于点M,N,记\triangle AMN的面积为S(t).$ +$当a=0时,求函数S(t)的单调增区间;$" "[""$当a=0时,$\n\n$S_{\\triangle AMN}=\\frac{1}{2} \\cdot |AN| \\cdot |MN|=|t|e^{t},t \\neq 0。$\n\n$①当t<0时,S(t)=-\\frac{1}{2}te^t,则S'(t)=-\\frac{1}{2}(t+1)e^t,$\n\n$当t<-1时,S'(t)>0,当 -10时,S(t)=\\frac{1}{2}te^t,则S'(t)=\\frac{1}{2}(t+1)e^t,$\n\n$此时S'(t)>0,所以S(t)在(0,+\\infty)上单调递增。$\n\n""]" ['(-\\infty, -1)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +262 "$已知函数f(x)=e^{x},点A(a,0)为一定点,直线x=t(t\neq a)分别与函数f(x)的图象和x轴交于点M,N,记\triangle AMN的面积为S(t).$ +$当a>2时,若存在t_0\in [0,2],使得S(t_0)\geq e,求实数a的取值范围.$" "[""$当a>2,t\\in [0,2]时,S(t)=\\frac{1}{2}(a-t)\\cdot e^{t},$\n$因为∃t_{0}\\in [0,2],使得S(t_{0})\\geq e,所以当t\\in [0,2]时,S_{max}(t)\\geq e。$\n$S'(t)=-\\frac{1}{2}[t-(a-1)]e^{t},$\n$由S'(t)=0可得t=a-1。$\n$①当a-1<2,即20,当t\\in (a-1,2)时,S'(t)<0,$\n$所以S(t)在(0,a-1)上单调递增,在(a-1,2)上单调递减,$\n$故S_{max}(t)=S(a-1)=\\frac{1}{2}e^{a-1},$\n$由\\frac{1}{2}e^{a-1}\\geq e,解得a\\geq ln 2+2,$\n$所以ln 2+2\\leq a<3满足题意;$\n$②当a-1\\geq 2,即a\\geq 3时,S'(t)>0对t\\in [0,2]恒成立,$\n$所以S(t)在[0,2]上单调递增,故S_{max}(t)=S(2)=\\frac{1}{2}(a-2)e^{2},由\\frac{1}{2}(a-2)e^{2}\\geq e,解得a\\geq \\frac{2}{e}+2,$\n$所以a\\geq 3满足题意.$\n$综上,实数a的取值范围为[ln 2+2,+\\infty ).$""]" ['$[ln 2+2,+\\infty )$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +263 "$已知函数f(x)=(x^2-ax-a)e^x+2a,a\in R.$ +$若f(x)在x=0处取得极值,求f(x)的单调递减区间;$" "[""$由题意知,f'(x) = (x^2 + (2 - a)x - 2a)e^{x},由f'(0) = -2a = 0,解得a = 0,$\n$此时f(x) = x^2 e^{x},f'(x) = (x^2 + 2x)e^{x},$\n$令f'(x) > 0,得x < -2或x > 0,$\n$令f'(x) < 0,得-2 < x < 0,$\n$则函数f(x)的单调递增区间是(-\\infty,-2)和(0,+\\infty),单调递减区间是(-2,0)。$\n\n""]" ['$(-2,0)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +264 "$已知函数f(x)=(x^2-ax-a)e^x+2a,a\in R.$ +$若关于x的不等式f(x) > 0在(0,+\infty)上恒成立,求a的取值范围.$" "[""$因为f'(x) = (x^2 + (2-a)x - 2a)e^x = e^x(x + 2)(x - a),当a \\leq 0时,f'(x) > 0在(0, +\\infty )上恒成立,$\n$则函数f(x)在区间(0, +\\infty )上单调递增,$\n$所以当x > 0时,f(x) > f(0) = a \\geq 0,所以a = 0,$\n$当a > 0时,令f'(x) > 0,解得x > a,令f'(x) < 0,解得0 < x < a,则函数f(x)在(0, a)上单调递减,在(a, +\\infty )上单调递增,$\n$所以f_{min} = f(a) = -ae^a + 2a > 0,$\n$即e^a < 2,解得0 < a < \\ln 2,$\n$综上所述,a的取值范围是[0, \\ln 2).$""]" ['$[0, \\ln 2)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +265 "$已知函数f(x)=ln x -ax (a > 0).$ +$求函数f(x)的单调递增区间;$" "[""$f'(x)=\\frac{1}{x}-a=\\frac{1-ax}{x},x>0,$\n\n$①当a\\leq 0时,由于x>0,故1-ax>0,\\therefore f'(x)>0,$\n\n$\\therefore f(x)的单调递增区间为(0,+\\infty ),无单调递减区间;$\n\n$②当a>0时,令f'(x)=0,得x=\\frac{1}{a},$\n\n$在区间\\left(0,\\frac{1}{a}\\right)上, f'(x)>0,在区间\\left(\\frac{1}{a},+\\infty \\right)上, f'(x)<0,$\n\n$\\therefore f(x)的单调递增区间为\\left(0,\\frac{1}{a}\\right),单调递减区间为\\left(\\frac{1}{a},+\\infty \\right).$\n\n$综上,当a\\leq 0时, f(x)的单调递增区间为(0,+\\infty ),无单调递减区间;$\n\n$当a>0时, f(x)的单调递增区间为\\left(0,\\frac{1}{a}\\right),单调递减区间为\\left(\\frac{1}{a},+\\infty \\right).$\n\n""]" ['\\left(0,\\frac{1}{a}\\right)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +266 "$已知函数f(x)=ln x -ax (a \in R).$ +$如果f(x)\geq 0在[2,3]上恒成立,求a的取值范围。$" "[""$f(x)\\geq 0在[2,3]上恒成立,即a\\leq \\frac{\\mathrm{ln} x}{x}在[2,3]上恒成立,$\n\n$令g(x)=\\frac{\\mathrm{ln} x}{x},x\\in [2,3],$\n\n$则g'(x)=\\frac{1-\\mathrm{ln} x}{x^2},$\n\n$由g'(x)<0,解得x>e;由g'(x)>0,解得0 0.$ +求g(x)的单调递减区间;" "[""$g(x) = e^x - ax,定义域为R,g'(x) = e^x - a.$\n\n$- 当a \\leq 0时,g'(x) > 0。所以g(x)在R上单调递增.$\n$- 当a > 0时,令g'(x) = 0,得x = \\ln a.$\n$g(x)与g'(x)随x变化的情况如下:$\n\n| $x$ | $(-\\infty ,\\ln a)$ | $\\ln a$ |$(\\ln a,+\\infty )$|\n|--------|-------|-------|------|\n| $g'(x)$ | - | 0 | + |\n| $g(x)$ | $\\text{单调递减}$ | 极小值 | $\\text{单调递增}$ |\n\n$所以g(x)在(-\\infty ,\\ln a)上单调递减,在(\\ln a,+\\infty )上单调递增. 综上,当a \\leq 0时,g(x)在R上单调递增. 当a > 0时,g(x)在(-\\infty ,\\ln a)上单调递减,在(\\ln a,+\\infty )上单调递增.$\n\n""]" ['(-\\infty ,\\ln a)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +268 "$设函数f(x) = \frac{x^3}{3} - (a+1)x^2+4ax+b,其中b\in R. a > 1$ +$求函数f(x)的单调递增区间;$" "[""$因为 f'(x)=x^2-2(a+1)x+4a=(x-2a)(x-2),$\n\n$令 f'(x)=0,得 x=2a 或 x=2。$\n\n$当 a<1 时, f(x) 的单调递增区间为 (-\\infty,2a),(2,+\\infty)。$\n\n$当 a=1 时, f(x) 的单调递增区间为 (-\\infty,+\\infty)。$\n\n$当 a>1 时, f(x) 的单调递增区间为 (-\\infty,2),(2a,+\\infty).$\n\n""]" ['(-\\infty,2),(2a,+\\infty)'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +269 "$设函数f(x) = \frac{x^3}{3} - (a+1)x^2+4ax+b,其中a,b\in R.$ +$若函数f(x)在(-1,1)上只有一个极值点,求实数a的取值范围.$" "[""$由题意得f'(x)在(-1,1)上只有一个零点,由(2)知f'(x)=0的一个零点为2,故-1<2a<1,$\n$解得-\\frac{1}{2} b > 0)的离心率为\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2},点\left(-\sqrt{3},\frac{1}{2}\right)在椭圆C上.$ +$设椭圆C的左、右顶点分别为A,B,点P,Q为椭圆上异于A,B的两动点,直线AP的斜率为k_1,直线QB的斜率为k_2,k_1=7k_2.$ +1. 求直线PQ恒过x轴上一定点的该定点的坐标; +$" ['①证明:依题意,点A(-2,0),B(2,0),\n$设P(x1,y1),Q(x2,y2),$\n$若直线PQ的斜率为0,则点P,Q关于y轴对称,必有k_{AP}=-k_{BQ},不合题意,$\n所以直线PQ的斜率必不为0,\n$设其方程为x=ty+n (n\\neq \\pm 2),$\n与椭圆C联立,得\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\nx^2+4y^2=4,\\\\ \nx=ty+n,\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n\n$整理得(t^2+4)y^2+2tny+n^2-4=0,$\n$所以\\Delta =4t^2n^2-4(t^2+4)(n^2-4)>0,且$\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\ny_1+y_2=-\\frac{2tn}{t^2+4},\\\\ \ny_1y_2=\\frac{n^2-4}{t^2-4}.\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n\n$因为点P(x1,y1)是椭圆上一点,$\n所以\n\n$\\frac{x^2_1}{4}$\n\n+ y_1^2=1,\n$所以k_AP\\cdot k_BP=$\n\n$$\n\\frac{y_1}{x_1+2}\\frac{y_1}{x_1-2}=\\frac{y^2_1}{x^2_1-4}=\\frac{1-\\frac{x^2_1}{4}}{x^2_1-4}=-\\frac{1}{4},\n$$\n\n$所以k_AP=-\\frac{1}{4k_BP}=7k_BQ,即28k_BP\\cdot k_BQ=-1.$\n$因为28k_BP\\cdot k_BQ=$\n\n$$\n\\frac{28y_1y_2}{(x_1-2)(x_2-2)}=\\frac{28y_1y_2}{(ty_1+n-2)(ty_2+n-2)}=\\frac{28y_1y_2}{t^2y_1y_2+t(n-2)(y_1+y_2)+(n-2)^2}=\\frac{\\frac{28(n^2-4)}{t^2+4}}{\\frac{t^2(n^2-4)}{t^2+4}-\\frac{2t^2n(n-2)}{t^2+4}+(n-2)^2}=\\frac{28(n+2)}{t^2(n+2)-2t^2n+(n-2)(t^2+4)}=\\frac{28(n+2)}{4(n-2)}=\\frac{7n+14}{n-2}=-1,\n$$\n\n$所以n=-\\frac{3}{2},此时\\Delta =16(t^2+4-n^2)=4(4t^2+7)>0,$\n故直线PQ恒过x轴上一定点D \n\n$$\n\\left(-\\frac{3}{2},0\\right).\n$$\n\n$②由①得y_1+y_2=\\frac{3t}{t^2+4},y_1y_2=\\frac{n^2-4}{t^2+4}=-\\frac{7}{4(t^2+4)},$\n$所以|S_1-S_2|=\\frac{1}{2}|y_1-y_2|\\left|2+\\frac{3}{2}\\right|-\\frac{1}{2}|y_1-y_2|\\left|-2+\\frac{3}{2}\\right|=\\frac{3}{2}|y_1-y_2|=\\frac{3}{2}\\sqrt{(y_1+y_2)^2-4y_1y_2}=\\frac{3\\sqrt{4t^2+7}}{t^2+4}=3\\sqrt{\\frac{4(t^2+4)-9}{(t^2+4)^2}}=3\\sqrt{\\frac{4}{t^2+4}-\\frac{9}{(t^2+4)^2}}=\\sqrt{-9\\left(\\frac{3}{t^2+4}-\\frac{2}{3}\\right)^2+4}\\leq 2$\n\n$$\n\\left(\\text{当且仅当}\\frac{3}{t^2+4}=\\frac{2}{3},\\text{即}t^2=\\frac{1}{2}\\text{时},\\text{等号成立}\\right)\\mathrm{,} \n$$\n\n$所以|S_1-S_2|的最大值为2.$'] ['$(-\\frac{3}{2},0)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Tuple Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +273 "$已知双曲线C:\frac{x^2}{a^2} - \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (a>0, b>0) 经过点 A (2,0),且点 A 到 C 的渐近线的距离为 \frac{2\sqrt{21}}{7}$ +$过点(4,0)作斜率不为0的直线l与双曲线C交于M,N两点,直线x=4分别交直线AM,AN于点E,F.以EF为直径的圆经过定点.请求出该定点坐标$" ['$- ①当直线l的斜率存在时,设直线l的方程为y=k(x-4),$\n\n由\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\ny=k(x-4),\\\\ \n\\frac{x^2}{4}-\\frac{y^2}{3}=1\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n$可得 (3-4k^2)x^2+32k^2x-64k^2-12=0 ,易知 k \\neq \\pm \\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2},\\Delta >0 。$\n$设M(x_1, y_1),N(x_2, y_2),则可以得到$\n$x_1 + x_2 = \\frac{-32k^2}{3-4k^2},x_1x_2 = \\frac{-64k^2-12}{3-4k^2}。$\n\n$直线AM的方程为y=\\frac{y_1}{x_1-2}(x-2),令x=4,得点E(4,\\frac{2y_1}{x_1-2})。$\n\n$直线AN的方程为y=\\frac{y_2}{x_2-2}(x-2),令x=4,得点F(4,\\frac{2y_2}{x_2-2})。$\n\n$则以EF为直径的圆的方程为(x-4)(x-4) + \\left(y-\\frac{2y_1}{x_1-2}\\right)\\left(y-\\frac{2y_2}{x_2-2}\\right) = 0。$\n\n$令y=0,得 (x-4)^2 = -\\frac{4y_1y_2}{(x_1-2)(x_2-2)} ,$\n\n$将y_1=k(x_1-4),y_2=k(x_2-4)代入上式,$\n\n$得 (x-4)^2 = -\\frac{4k^2[x_1x_2-4(x_1+x_2)+16]}{x_1x_2-2(x_1+x_2)+4} $\n\n即\n$$\n(x-4)^2 = -\\frac{4k^2\\left(\\frac{-64k^2-12}{3-4k^2}-4 \\cdot \\frac{-32k^2}{3-4k^2}+16\\right)}{\\frac{-64k^2-12}{3-4k^2}-2 \\cdot \\frac{-32k^2}{3-4k^2}+4} = 9\n$$\n\n$解得x=1或x=7,即以EF为直径的圆经过点(1,0)和(7,0).$\n\n$- ②当直线l的斜率不存在时,点E,F的坐标分别为(4,3),(4,-3),以EF为直径的圆的方程为(x-4)(x-4)+(y-3)(y+3)=0,该圆经过点(1,0)和(7,0).$\n\n$综上可得,以EF为直径的圆经过定点(1,0)和(7,0).$'] ['$(1,0),(7,0)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Tuple Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +274 "$已知函数f(x) = x^2 + x\sin (x) + \cos (x).$ +若曲线y=f(x)在点(a, f(a))处与直线y=b相切,求a与b的值;" "[""$由f(x)=x^2+x\\sin x+\\cos x,得f'(x)=x\\cdot (2+\\cos x)。$\n$因为曲线y=f(x)在点(a, f(a))处与直线y=b相切,所以f'(a)=a(2+\\cos a)=0,$\n$因为\\cos a\\neq -2,所以a=0,所以b=f(a)=f(0)=1。$""]" ['$a=0, b=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +275 "$已知椭圆 C:\frac{y^2}{a^2}+\frac{x^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)的离心率为\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2},点 P(1,0)在椭圆 C 上,直线 y=y_0与椭圆 C 交于不同的两点 A,B。$ +$直线PA,PB分别交y轴于M,N两点,问:x轴上是否存在点Q��使得\angle OQN+\angle OQM= \frac{\pi }{2}?若存在,求出点Q的坐标;$" ['$假设存在点Q使得\\angle OQN+\\angle OQM=\\frac{\\pi }{2}.设Q(m,0).$\n$因为\\angle OQN+\\angle OQM=\\frac{\\pi }{2},所以\\angle OQN=\\angle OMQ. $\n则$tan\\angle OQN=tan\\angle OMQ,$\n$即\\frac{|ON|}{|OQ|}=\\frac{|OQ|}{|OM|},所以|OQ|^2=|ON||OM|.$\n因为直线$y=y_0交椭圆C于A,B两点,则A,B两点关于y轴对称.$\n设$A(x_0,y_0),B(-x_0,y_0)(x_0\\neq \\pm 1),$\n因为$P(1,0), $\n$所以直线PA的方程为y=\\frac{y_0}{x_0-1}(x-1).$\n$令x=0,得y_M=\\frac{-y_0}{x_0-1}.$\n$因为P(1,0),所以直线PB的方程为y=\\frac{-y_0}{x_0+1}(x-1).$\n$令x=0,得y_N=\\frac{y_0}{x_0+1}.$\n因为$|OQ|^2=|ON||OM|$,\n$所以m^2=\\frac{y^2_0}{|x^2_0-1|}.$\n又因为点$A(x_0,y_0)在椭圆C上,所以y_0^2=2(1-x_0^2)$.\n$所以m^2=\\frac{2(1-x^2_0)}{1-x^2_0}=2,$\n$即m=\\pm \\sqrt{2}.$\n$所以存在点Q(\\pm \\sqrt{2},0)使得\\angle OQN+\\angle OQM=\\frac{\\pi }{2}成立.$'] ['$(-\\sqrt{2},0),(\\sqrt{2},0)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Tuple Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +276 "$已知椭圆C: {x^2}/{a^2} + {y^2}/{b^2} = 1 (a > b > 0) 的离心率为 \sqrt{3}/2,点(2,0)在椭圆C上.$ +过点P(1,0)的直线(不与坐标轴垂直)与椭圆交于A、B两点,设点B关于x轴的对称点为B'.直线AB'与x轴的交点Q是不是定点,求出该定点的坐标。" "[""直线AB'与x轴的交点Q是定点.理由如下:\n设A(x_1,y_1), B(x_2,y_2), B'(x_2,-y_2), Q(n,0),直线AB的方程为 y=k(x-1)(k \\neq 0)\n\n联立:\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\n y=k(x-1),\\\\ \n\\frac{x^2}{4}+y^2=1,\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n消去y得(1+4k^2)x^2-8k^2x+4k^2-4=0,\n$所以 x_1 + x_2 = \\frac{8k^2}{1+4k^2}, x_1 x_2=\\frac{4k^2-4}{1+4k^2},$\n$直线AB'的方程为 y-y_1 = \\frac{y_1+y_2}{x_1-x_2} (x-x_1),$\n$令 y=0,得 n = -\\frac{y_1(x_1-x_2)}{y_1+y_2}+x_1 = \\frac{x_1y_2+x_2y_1}{y_1+y_2},$\n又 y_1 = k(x_1-1), y_2 = k(x_2-1),\n$所以 n = \\frac{2x_1x_2-(x_1+x_2)}{x_1+x_2-2} = \\frac{2 \\cdot \\frac{4k^2-4}{1+4k^2}-\\frac{8k^2}{1+4k^2}}{\\frac{8k^2}{1+4k^2}-2} = 4,$\n所以直线 AB'与x轴的交点Q是定点,其坐标是(4,0).""]" ['$(4,0)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Tuple Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +277 "$已知向量a = (sin x + cos x, cos x), b = (sin x - cos x, 2sin x), x \in R.函数 f(x) = a \cdot b +2.$ +$设 g(x)=f(x)-3,x\in [0,2\pi ],求 g(x) 的所有零点。$" ['$由 g(x)=0 得到 f(x)=3,所以 sin(2x-\\frac{\\pi }{4}) = \\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}.$\n\n$所以 2x-\\frac{\\pi }{4} = \\frac{\\pi }{4}+2k\\pi 或 2x-\\frac{\\pi }{4} = \\frac{3\\pi }{4}+2k\\pi, k \\in Z.$\n\n$所以 x=\\frac{\\pi }{4}+k\\pi 或 x=\\frac{\\pi }{2}+k\\pi, k \\in Z.$\n\n$又因为 x\\in [0,2\\pi ], 所以 x=\\frac{\\pi }{4},\\frac{5\\pi }{4},\\frac{\\pi }{2},\\frac{3\\pi }{2}.$\n\n$所以集合 A=\\left\\{\\frac{\\pi }{4},\\frac{5\\pi }{4},\\frac{\\pi }{2},\\frac{3\\pi }{2}\\right\\}.$\n\n'] ['\\frac{\\pi }{4},\\frac{5\\pi }{4},\\frac{\\pi }{2},\\frac{3\\pi }{2}'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +278 "$在直角坐标系xOy中,曲线C_1的参数方程为$ +$$ +\left\{\begin{matrix}x=\cos ^kt,\\ y=\sin ^kt\end{matrix}\right. +$$ +$(t为参数).以坐标原点为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,曲线C_2的极坐标方程为4\rho \cos \theta -16\rho \sin \theta +3=0.$ +$当k=4时,求C_1与C_2的公共点的直角坐标.$" ['$当k=4时,$\n\n$C_1:$\n$$\n\\begin{align*}\nx &= \\cos ^4t,\\\\ \ny &= \\sin ^4t\n\\end{align*}\n$$\n\n$消去参数t得C_1的普通方程为\\sqrt{x} + \\sqrt{y} = 1.$\n\n$C_2的直角坐标方程为: 4x - 16y + 3 = 0.$\n\n由\n$$\n\\begin{align*}\n\\sqrt{x}+\\sqrt{y}&=1,\\\\ \n4x-16y+3&=0\n\\end{align*}\n$$\n\n解得\n$$\n\\begin{align*}\nx &= \\frac{1}{4},\\\\ \ny &= \\frac{1}{4}.\n\\end{align*}\n$$\n\n$故C_1与C_2的公共点的直角坐标为\\left(\\frac{1}{4},\\frac{1}{4}\\right).$\n\n'] ['$\\left(\\frac{1}{4},\\frac{1}{4}\\right)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Tuple Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +279 "$第四届中国国际进口博览会于2021年11月5日至10日在上海举行.本届进博会有4 000多项新产品、新技术、新服务.某跨国公司带来了高端空调模型参展,通过展会调研,中国甲企业计划在2022年与该跨国公司合资生产此款空调.生产此款空调预计全年需投入固定成本260万元,生产x千台空调,需另投入资金R(x)万元,且R(x)=\begin{cases}10x^2+ax,&0\leq x<40\\ \frac{901x^2-9 450x+10 000}{x},& x\geq 40\end{cases}.经测算,当生产10千台空调时需另投入的资金R=4,000万元.每台空调售价为0.9万元时,当年内生产的空调当年能全部销售完.$ +2022年产量为多少时,该企业所获年利润最大?最大年利润为多少?注:利润=销售额-成本." ['$当0\\leq x<40时,W=-10(x-30)^2+8740,所以当x=30时,W有最大值,最大值���8740;当x\\geq 40时,W=-\\left(x+\\frac{10000}{x}\\right)+9190\\leq -2\\sqrt{x\\cdot \\frac{10000}{x}}+9190=8990,当且仅当x=\\frac{10000}{x},即x=100时,W有最大值,最大值为8990.因为8740<8990,所以当2022年产量为100千台时,该企业的年利润最大,最大年利润为8990万元.$\n\n'] ['$x=100,W=8990$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +280 "$在极坐标系中,已知点A(\rho _1,\frac{\pi }{3})在直线l:\rho cos \theta =2上,点B(\rho _2,\frac{\pi }{6})在圆C:\rho =4sin \theta 上(其中\rho\geq 0,0\leq \theta<2\pi ).$ +$求出直线l与圆C的公共点的极坐标.$" ['由\n\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}\\rho \\cos \\theta =2,\\\\ \\rho =4\\sin \\theta ,\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n\n$得4sin \\theta cos \\theta =2,所以sin 2\\theta =1.$\n\n$因为\\rho \\geq 0, 0\\leq \\theta <2\\pi,所以\\theta =\\frac{\\pi }{4}, \\rho =2\\sqrt{2}.$\n\n$所以公共点的极坐标为(2\\sqrt{2},\\frac{\\pi }{4}).$'] ['$(2\\sqrt{2},\\frac{\\pi }{4})$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Tuple Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +281 "$在直角坐标系xOy中,曲线C的参数方程为$ +$\left\{\begin{matrix}x=3\cos \theta ,\\ y=\sin \theta \end{matrix}\right.$ +$(\theta为参数),直线l的参数方程为$ +$\left\{\begin{matrix}x=a+4t,\\ y=1-t\end{matrix}\right.$ +$(t为参数)。$ +$若a=-1,求C与l的交点坐标;$" ['$曲线C的普通方程为 \\frac{x^2}{9} + y^2 = 1 。$\n\n当 a = -1 时,直线 l 的普通方程为 x + 4y - 3 = 0 。\n\n$由 \\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x+4y-3=0,\\\\ \\frac{x^2}{9}+y^2=1\\end{matrix}\\right. 解得 \\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x=3,\\\\ y=0\\end{matrix}\\right. 或 \\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x=-\\frac{21}{25},\\\\ y=\\frac{24}{25}.\\end{matrix}\\right. $\n\n$从而 C 与 l 的交点坐标为 (3,0), \\left(-\\frac{21}{25},\\frac{24}{25}\\right) .$\n\n'] ['$(3,0),\\left(-\\frac{21}{25},\\frac{24}{25}\\right)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Tuple Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +282 "$已知椭圆E: \frac{x^2}{4} + \frac{y^2}{n} = 1(0 < n < 4)经过点(\sqrt{2},1).$ +$设椭圆E的左顶点为A,直线l: x=my+1与E相交于M, N两点,直线AM与直线x=4相交于点Q.问:直线NQ是否经过x轴上的定点?若过定点,求出该点坐标$" ['直线NQ过x轴上的定点.\n\n$由\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x=my+1,\\\\ x^2+2y^2=4\\end{matrix}\\right.可得(m^2+2)y^2+2my-3=0,$\n\n$显然\\Delta=4m^2+12(m^2+2) >0,$\n\n$设M(x_1,y_1),N(x_2,y_2),则y_1+y_2=-\\frac{2m}{m^2+2},y_1y_2=-\\frac{3}{m^2+2}.$\n\n$易得直线AM的方程为y=\\frac{y_1}{x_1+2}(x+2).$\n\n$令x=4,解得y=\\frac{6y_1}{x_1+2},则Q\\left(4,\\frac{6y_1}{x_1+2}\\right),$\n\n$所以直线NQ的斜率为k_{NQ}=\\frac{\\frac{6y_1}{x_1+2}-y_2}{4-x_2}=\\frac{6y_1-y_2(x_1+2)}{(4-x_2)(x_1+2)},且k_{NQ}\\neq0,$\n\n$所以直线NQ的方程为y-y_2=\\frac{6y_1-y_2(x_1+2)}{(4-x_2)(x_1+2)}(x-x_2).$\n\n$令y=0,则x=x_2-\\frac{y_2(4-x_2)(x_1+2)}{6y_1-y_2(x_1+2)}$\n\n$=\\frac{x_2[6y_1-y_2(x_1+2)]-y_2(4-x_2)(x_1+2)}{6y_1-y_2(x_1+2)}$\n\n$=\\frac{6x_2y_1-4y_2(x_1+2)}{6y_1-y_2(x_1+2)}$\n\n$=\\frac{6(my_2+1)y_1-4y_2(my_1+3)}{6y_1-y_2(my_1+3)}$\n\n$=\\frac{2my_1y_2+6y_1-12y_2}{-my_1y_2+6y_1-3y_2}$\n\n$=\\frac{2m\\left(-\\frac{3}{m^2+2}\\right)+6\\left(-\\frac{2m}{m^2+2}\\right)-18y_2}{-m\\left(-\\frac{3}{m^2+2}\\right)+6\\left(-\\frac{2m}{m^2+2}\\right)-9y_2}$\n\n$=\\frac{-18m-18(m^2+2)y_2}{-9m-9(m^2+2)y_2}=2.$\n\n所以直线NQ过定点(2,0).'] ['$(2,0)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Tuple Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +283 "$已知椭圆 C : \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1(a > b > 0)的离心率为 \frac{1}{2},长轴的左端点为 A(-2,0).$ +过椭圆C的右焦点的任一直线l与椭圆C分别相交于M,N两点,且AM,AN与直线x=4,分别相交于D,E两点,求证:以DE为直径的圆恒过x轴上定点,并求出定点." ['证明:椭圆右焦点坐标为(1,0),易知直线l斜率不为零,设直线l方程为x=my+1,M(x1,y1),N(x2,y2),\n$由\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x=my+1,\\\\ \\frac{x^2}{4}+\\frac{y^2}{3}=1\\end{matrix}\\right.消去x得(3m^2+4)y^2+6my-9=0,$\n$所以y1+y2=\\frac{-6m}{3m^2+4},y1y2=\\frac{-9}{3m^2+4},$\n$由题意得直线AM的方程为y=\\frac{y_1}{x_1+2}(x+2),令x=4可得D\\left(4,\\frac{6y_1}{x_1+2}\\right),同理直线AN的方程为y=\\frac{y_2}{x_2+2}(x+2),得E\\left(4,\\frac{6y_2}{x_2+2}\\right),$\n设x轴上一点P(t,0),\n$则\\overrightarrow{PD}=\\left(4-t,\\frac{6y_1}{x_1+2}\\right),\\overrightarrow{PE}=\\left(4-t,\\frac{6y_2}{x_2+2}\\right),$\n$由题意知以DE为直径的圆恒过x轴上定点等价于\\overset{\\to }{PD}\\cdot \\overset{\\to }{PE}=0,$\n$\\overrightarrow{PD}\\cdot \\overrightarrow{PE}=(4-t)^2+\\frac{36y_1y_2}{(x_1+2)(x_2+2)},$\n$因为(x1+2)(x2+2)=(my1+3)(my2+3)=m^2y1y2+3m\\cdot (y1+y2)+9=m^2\\cdot \\frac{-9}{3m^2+4}+3m\\cdot \\frac{-6m}{3m^2+4}+9=\\frac{36}{3m^2+4},$\n$所以\\overrightarrow{PD}\\cdot \\overrightarrow{PE}=(4-t)^2+\\frac{36y_1y_2}{(my_1+3)(my_2+3)}=(4-t)^2+\\frac{36\\cdot \\frac{-9}{3m^2+4}}{\\frac{36}{3m^2+4}}=(4-t)^2-9=0,解得t=1或t=7,$\n所以以DE为直径的圆恒过x轴上定点,定点分别为(1,0),(7,0).'] ['$(1,0),(7,0)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Tuple Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +284 "$已知椭圆E: \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (a > b > 0)的一个顶点为(0,1),焦距为2 \sqrt{3}. 椭圆E的左、右顶点分别为A、B,P为椭圆E上异于A,B的动点,PB交直线x=4于点T,AT与椭圆E的另一个交点为Q.$ +$直线PQ是否过x轴上的定点?若过定点,求出该定点的坐标。$" ['$直线PQ过x轴上的定点.$\n$①当直线PQ斜率不存在时,设直线PQ的方程为x=t(t\\neq \\pm 2).$\n$A(-2,0,B(2,0,设P(t,y_0),Q(t,-y_0), y_0\\neq 0,$\n$直线PB的方程为y=\\frac{y_0}{t-2}(x-2).令x=4,得y=\\frac{2y_0}{t-2}.$\n$所以T(4,\\frac{2y_0}{t-2}).所以\\overrightarrow{AT}=\\left(6,\\frac{2y_0}{t-2}\\right),\\overrightarrow{AQ}=(t+2,-y_0).$\n$因为A,T,Q三点共线,所以\\overrightarrow{AT}\\parallel \\overrightarrow{AQ},则(t+2)\\frac{2y_0}{t-2}+6y_0=0,所以\\left[\\frac{2(t+2)}{t-2}+6\\right]y_0=0.$\n$因为y_0\\neq 0,所以\\frac{2(t+2)}{t-2}+6=0,解得t=1.$\n$此时直线PQ的方程为x=1,直线PQ过点(1,0).$\n$②当直线PQ斜率存在时,$\n$A(-2,0),B(2,0),设P(x_1,y_1),Q(x_2,y_2),T(4,m),$\n$则直线PB的方程为y=\\frac{m}{2}(x-2).$\n$由\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}y=\\frac{m}{2}(x-2),\\\\ \\frac{x^2}{4}+y^2=1\\end{matrix}\\right.得(1+m^2)x^2-4m^2x+4m^2-4=0,$\n$则2x_1=\\frac{4m^2-4}{1+m^2},即x_1=\\frac{2m^2-2}{1+m^2},$\n$则y_1=-\\frac{2m}{1+m^2},P\\left(\\frac{2m^2-2}{1+m^2},-\\frac{2m}{1+m^2}\\right).$\n$k_{AQ}=k_{AT}=\\frac{m}{6},则直线AT的方程为y=\\frac{m}{6}(x+2).$\n$由\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}y=\\frac{m}{6}(x+2),\\\\ \\frac{x^2}{4}+y^2=1\\end{matrix}\\right.得(9+m^2)x^2+4m^2x+4m^2-36=0,$\n$则-2x_2=\\frac{4m^2-36}{9+m^2},即x_2=\\frac{-2m^2+18}{9+m^2},$\n$则y_2=\\frac{6m}{9+m^2},Q\\left(\\frac{18-2m^2}{9+m^2},\\frac{6m}{9+m^2}\\right),$\n$\\therefore k_{PQ}=\\frac{\\frac{6m}{9+m^2}+\\frac{2m}{1+m^2}}{\\frac{18-2m^2}{9+m^2}-\\frac{2m^2-2}{1+m^2}}=\\frac{-2m}{m^2-3}.$\n$所以直线PQ方程为y+\\frac{2m}{1+m^2}=\\frac{-2m}{m^2-3}\\left(x-\\frac{2m^2-2}{1+m^2}\\right).$\n$当x=1时y=0,此时直线PQ过定点(1,0).$\n$综上,直线PQ过x轴上的定点(1,0).$'] ['$(1,0)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Tuple Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +285 "$已知椭圆C: x^2/a^2 + y^2/b^2 = 1 (a>b>0) 的离心率为 \sqrt{2}/2, 点 P(0,1) 和点 A(m,n) (m\neq 0) 都在椭圆 C 上, 直线 PA 交 x 轴于点 M.$ +$设O为原点,点B与点A关于x轴对称,直线PB交x轴于点N.问:y轴上是否存在点Q,使得\angle OQM=\angle ONQ?若存在,求点Q的坐标;$" ['$因为点B与点A关于x轴对称,所以B(m,-n).$\n$设N(x_{N},0),则x_{N}=\\frac{m}{1+n}.$\n$“存在点Q(0,y_{Q}),使得\\angle OQM=\\angle ONQ”等价于“存在点Q(0,y_{Q}),使得\\frac{|OM|}{|OQ|}=\\frac{|OQ|}{|ON|}”,$\n即y_{Q}满足y^2_Q=|x_{M}||x_{N}|.\n$因为x_{M}=\\frac{m}{1-n},x_{N}=\\frac{m}{1+n},\\frac{m^2}{2}+n^2=1,$\n$所以y^2_Q=|x_{M}||x_{N}|=\\frac{m^2}{1-n^2}=2.$\n$所以y_{Q}=\\sqrt{2}或y_{Q}=-\\sqrt{2}.$\n$故在y轴上存在点Q,使得\\angle OQM=\\angle ONQ.$\n$点Q的坐标为(0,\\sqrt{2})或(0,-\\sqrt{2}).$'] ['$(0,\\sqrt{2}),(0,-\\sqrt{2})$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Tuple Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +286 "$已知椭圆𝐶: \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} =1 (𝑎>𝑏>0)过点 (1,\frac{\sqrt{6}}{3}) ,过其右焦点 F_2 且垂直于 x 轴的直线交椭圆 𝐶 于 A , B 两点,且|𝐴𝐵|= \frac{2\sqrt{3}}{3} .$ +$若直线l:y=kx-\frac{1}{2}与椭圆C交于E,F两点,线段EF的中点为Q,在y轴上是否存在定点P,使得\angle EQP=2\angle EFP恒成立?若存在,求出点P的坐标;$" ['$假设在y轴上存在定点P,使得\\angle EQP=2\\angle EFP恒成立,设P(0,y_0),E(x_1,y_1),F(x_2,y_2),$\n$由\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}y=kx-\\frac{1}{2},\\\\ \\frac{x^2}{3}+y^2=1,\\end{matrix}\\right.得(4+12k^2)x^2-12kx-9=0,\\therefore x_1+x_2=\\frac{12k}{4+12k^2},x_1x_2=\\frac{-9}{4+12k^2},\\Delta =144k^2+36(4+12k^2)>0.$\n$\\because \\angle EQP=2\\angle EFP,\\therefore \\angle EFP=\\angle FPQ,\\therefore QE=QF=QP,$\n$\\therefore 点P在以EF为直径的圆上,则PE\\perp PF.$\n$易得\\overrightarrow{PE}=(x_1,y_1-y_0),\\overrightarrow{PF}=(x_2,y_2-y_0),$\n$\\therefore \\overrightarrow{PE}\\cdot \\overrightarrow{PF}=x_1x_2+(y_1-y_0)(y_2-y_0)$\n$=x_1x_2+y_1y_2-y_0(y_1+y_2)+y_0^2$\n$=x_1x_2+k^2x_1x_2-\\frac{k}{2}(x_1+x_2)+\\frac{1}{4}-y_0[k(x_1+x_2)-1]+y_0^2$\n$=(1+k^2)x_1x_2-k\\left(\\frac{1}{2}+y_0\\right)(x_1+x_2)+y_0^2+y_0+\\frac{1}{4}$\n$=\\frac{12(y_0^2-1)k^2+4y_0^2+4y_0-8}{4+12k^2}=0,$\n$\\therefore 12(y_0^2-1)k^2+4y_0^2+4y_0-8=0恒成立,$\n$\\therefore \\left\\{\\begin{matrix}y_0^2-1=0,\\\\ 4y_0^2+4y_0-8=0,\\end{matrix}\\right.解得y_0=1$\n$\\therefore P(0,1).$\n$\\therefore存在定点P(0,1),使得\\angle EQP=2\\angle EFP恒成立.$'] ['$(0,1)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Tuple Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +287 "$已知椭圆C:\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)过点\left(1,\frac{\sqrt{6}}{3}\right),过其右焦点F_2且垂直于x轴的直线交椭圆C于A,B两点,且|AB|=\frac{2\sqrt{3}}{3}.$ +$若直线l:y=kx-\frac{1}{2}与椭圆C交于E,F两点,线段EF的中点为Q,在y轴上是否存在定点P,使得\angle EQP=2\angle EFP恒成立?若存在,求出点P的坐标;$" ['$假设在y轴上存在定点P,使得\\angle EQP=2\\angle EFP恒成立.设P(0,y0),E(x1,y1),F(x2,y2),$\n由\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}y=kx-\\frac{1}{2},\\\\ \\frac{x^2}{3}+y^2=1\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n$得(4+12k^2)x^2-12kx-9=0,$\n$\\therefore x1+x2=\\frac{12k}{4+12k^2},x1x2=\\frac{-9}{4+12k^2},$\n$\\Delta =144k^2+36(4+12k^2)>0恒成立.$\n$\\because \\angle EQP=2\\angle EFP,\\angle EQP=\\angle QFP+\\angle QPF,\\therefore \\angle EFP=\\angle FPQ,\\therefore |QE|=|QF|=|QP|,$\n$\\therefore 点P在以EF为直径的圆上,PE\\perp PF,$\n$\\because \\overrightarrow{PE}=(x1,y1-y0),\\overrightarrow{PF}=(x2,y2-y0),$\n\n$\\therefore \\overrightarrow{PE}\\cdot \\overrightarrow{PF}=x1x2+(y1-y0)(y2-y0) =x1x2+y1y2-y0(y1+y2)+y^2_0= x1x2+k^2x1x2-\\frac{k}{2}(x1+x2)-y0[k(x1+x2)-1]+\\frac{1}{4}+y^2_0=(1+k^2)x1x2-k\\left(\\frac{1}{2}+y_0\\right)(x1+x2)+y^2_0+y0+\\frac{1}{4}=\\frac{12(y^2_0-1)k^2+4y^2_0+4y_0-8}{4+12k^2}=0,$\n$\\therefore 12(y^2_0-1)k^2+4y^2_0+4y0-8=0恒成立,$\n\n$\\therefore \\left\\{\\begin{matrix}y^2_0-1=0,\\\\ 4y^2_0+4y_0-8=0,\\end{matrix}\\right.解得y0=1,\\therefore P(0,1),$\n$\\therefore 存在定点P(0,1),使得\\angle EQP=2\\angle EFP恒成立.$'] ['$(0,1)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Tuple Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +288 "$经济订货批量模型是目前大多数工厂、企业等最常采用的订货模型,即某种物资在单位时间的需求量为某常数,经过某段时间后,存储量消耗下降到零,此时开始订货并随即到货,然后开始下一个存储周期,该模型适用于整批间隔进货、不允许缺货的存储问题,具体如下:年存储成本费T(元)关于每次订货x(单位)的函数关系T(x)=\frac{Bx}{2}+\frac{AC}{x},其中A为年需求量,B为每单位物资的年存储费,C为每次订货费.某化工厂需用甲醇作为原料,年需求量为6 000吨,每吨存储费为120元/年,每次订货费为2 500元.$ +每次需订购多少吨甲醇,可使该化工厂年存储成本费最少?最少费用为多少?" ['$T(x) = 60x + \\frac{15 000 000}{x} \\geq 2\\sqrt{60x \\times \\frac{15 000 000}{x}} = 60 000,$\n$当且仅当60x = \\frac{15 000 000}{x},即 x = 500时,取等号.$\n所以每次需订购500吨甲醇,可使该化工厂年存储成本费最少,最少费用为60 000元.'] ['$500, 60000$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +289 "$已知函数f(x)=x^3-x^2+ax+1.$ +$求曲线y=f(x)过坐标原点的切线与曲线y=f(x)的公共点的坐标.$" "[""设过原点的切线与曲线$y=f(x)$相切于点$P(x_0,y_0)$,则切线的斜率为$f'(x_0)=3x_0^2-2x_0+a$,故以点$P$为切点的切线方程为$y=(3x_0^2-2x_0+a) (x-x_0)+y_0$。由$y_0=x_0^3-x_0^2+ax_0+1$,且切线过原点,得$2x_0^3-x_0^2-1=0$,即$(x_0-1)(2x_0^2+x_0+1)=0$,解得$x_0=1$,从而得$P(1,1+a)$。\n\n所以切线方程为y=(1+a)x,联立\n$\\begin{cases}\ny=(1+a)x,\\\\\ny=x^3-x^2+ax+1,\n\\end{cases}$\n\n$消去y得x^3-x^2-x+1=0,即(x-1)^2(x+1)=0,\\therefore x=1或-1,\\therefore 公共点的坐标为(1,1+a)与(-1,-1-a).$""]" ['$(1,1+a),(-1,-1-a)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Tuple Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +290 "周末李梦提出和父亲、母亲、弟弟进行羽毛球比赛,李梦与他们三人各进行一场比赛,共进行三场比赛,而且三场比赛相互独立.根据李梦最近分别与父亲、母亲、弟弟比赛的情况,得到如下统计表: + +| | 父亲 | 母亲 | 弟弟 | +|:---------:|:------:|:------:|:-------:| +|比赛的次数 | 50 | 60 | 40 | +|李梦获胜的次数 | 10 | 30 | 32 | + +以上表中的频率作为概率,求解下列问题。 +$记“与父亲、母亲、弟弟三场比赛中李梦连胜二场”的概率为p,此概率p与父亲、母亲、弟弟出场的顺序有关,求p最大🈯️.$" ['$概率p与父亲、母亲、弟弟出场的顺序有关.出场顺序为母亲、弟弟、父亲或父亲、弟弟、母亲时概率p最大.$\n\n详解:\n\n$1. 出场顺序为父亲、母亲、弟弟:p = \\frac{1}{5} \\times \\frac{1}{2} \\times \\left(1-\\frac{4}{5}\\right) + \\left(1-\\frac{1}{5}\\right) \\times \\frac{1}{2} \\times \\frac{4}{5} = \\frac{17}{50}。$\n\n$2. 出场顺序为父亲、弟弟、母亲:p = \\frac{1}{5} \\times \\frac{4}{5} \\times \\left(1-\\frac{1}{2}\\right) + \\left(1-\\frac{1}{5}\\right) \\times \\frac{4}{5} \\times \\frac{1}{2} = \\frac{2}{5}。$\n\n$3. 出场顺序为母亲、父亲、弟弟:p = \\frac{1}{2} \\times \\frac{1}{5} \\times \\left(1-\\frac{4}{5}\\right) + \\left(1-\\frac{1}{2}\\right) \\times \\frac{1}{5} \\times \\frac{4}{5} = \\frac{1}{10}。$\n\n$4. 出场顺序为母亲、弟弟、父亲:p = \\frac{1}{2} \\times \\frac{4}{5} \\times \\left(1-\\frac{1}{5}\\right) + \\left(1-\\frac{1}{2}\\right) \\times \\frac{4}{5} \\times \\frac{1}{5} = \\frac{2}{5}。$\n\n$5. 出场顺序为弟弟、母亲、父亲:p = \\frac{4}{5} \\times \\frac{1}{2} \\times \\left(1-\\frac{1}{5}\\right) + \\left(1-\\frac{4}{5}\\right) \\times \\frac{1}{2} \\times \\frac{1}{5} = \\frac{17}{50}。$\n\n$6. 出场顺序为弟弟、父亲、母亲:p = \\frac{4}{5} \\times \\frac{1}{5} \\times \\left(1-\\frac{1}{2}\\right) + \\left(1-\\frac{4}{5}\\right) \\times \\frac{1}{5} \\times \\frac{1}{2} = \\frac{1}{10},$\n\n$因此,概率p与出场的顺序有关,出场顺序为母亲、弟弟、父亲或父亲、弟弟、母亲时概率p最大,为\\frac{2}{5}.$\n\n'] ['$\\frac{2}{5}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +291 "$已知函数f(x)=a\ln(x+2)+\frac{x^2}{2}-2x,其中a为非零实数. a<0$ +$求f(x)的单调递增区间;$" "[""$函数f(x)的定义域为(-2,+\\infty ),f'(x) = \\frac{a}{x+2} + x - 2 = \\frac{x^2+(a-4)}{x+2}$\n\n$①当a - 4 > 0,即a > 4时,f'(x) > 0,函数f(x)在(-2,+\\infty )上单调递增。$\n\n$②当-4 < a - 4 < 0,即0 < a < 4时,令f '(x) = 0,得x_1 = -\\sqrt{4-a} > -2,x_2 = \\sqrt{4-a},$\n$则当x \\in (-2, -\\sqrt{4-a}) \\cup (\\sqrt{4-a} ,+\\infty )时,f'(x)>0,当x \\in (-\\sqrt{4-a}, \\sqrt{4-a})时,f'(x)<0,$\n$故f(x)在(-2, -\\sqrt{4-a})和(\\sqrt{4-a} ,+\\infty )上单调递增,在(-\\sqrt{4-a}, \\sqrt{4-a})上单调递减。$\n\n$③当a < 0时,x_1 = -\\sqrt{4-a} < -2,舍去,x_2 = \\sqrt{4-a},$\n$则当x \\in (\\sqrt{4-a} ,+\\infty )时,f'(x) > 0,当x \\in (-2, \\sqrt{4-a})时,f'(x) < 0,$\n$所以f(x)在(-2, \\sqrt{4-a})上单调递减,在(\\sqrt{4-a} ,+\\infty )上单调递增.$\n\n综上所述:\n\n$当a > 4时,f(x)在(-2,+\\infty )上单调递增;$\n$当0 < a < 4时,f(x)在(-2, -\\sqrt{4-a})和(\\sqrt{4-a} ,+\\infty )上单调递增,在(-\\sqrt{4-a}, \\sqrt{4-a})上单调递减;$\n$当a < 0时,f(x)在(-2, \\sqrt{4-a})上单调递减,在(\\sqrt{4-a} ,+\\infty )上单调递增.$\n\n""]" ['(\\sqrt{4-a} ,+\\infty )'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +292 "$已知函数 f(x) = e^{x} + ax^2 - x.$ +$当a=1时,求f(x)的单调递增区间;$" "[""$当a=1时, f(x)=e^{x}+x^{2}-x, f' (x)=e^{x}+2x-1。因为f' (x)=e^{x}+2x-1在R上单调递增,且f' (0)=0,所以当x\\in (-\\infty ,0)时, f' (x)<0;当x\\in (0,+\\infty )时,f' (x)>0。所以f(x)在(-\\infty ,0)单调递减,在(0,+\\infty )单调递增.$\n\n""]" ['(0,+\\infty )'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Interval Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +293 "某商场为提高服务质量,随机调查了50名男顾客和50名女顾客,每位顾客对该商场的服务给出满意或不满意的评价,得到下面列联表: + +| | 满意 | 不满意 | +|-------|------|--------| +|男顾客 | 40 | 10 | +|女顾客 | 30 | 20 | + +求有多大的把握认为男、女顾客对该商场服务的评价有差异? +$附:K^2=\frac{n(ad-bc)^2}{(a+b)(c+d)(a+c)(b+d)}.$ + +| $P(K^2\geq k)$ | 0.050 | 0.010 | 0.001 | +|-----|-------|-------|-------| +| $k$ | 3.841 | 6.635 | 10.828 |" ['$𝐾^2 = \\frac{100\\times (40\\times 20-30\\times 10)^2}{50\\times 50\\times 70\\times 30} \\approx 4.762.$\n\n由于$4.762>3.841$,故有95%的把握认为男、女顾客对该商场服务的评价有差异.\n\n'] ['95%'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +294 "一医疗团队为研究某地的一种地方性疾病与当地居民的卫生习惯(卫生习惯分为良好和不够良好两类)的关系,在已患该疾病的病例中随机调查了100例(称为病例组),同时在未患该疾病的人群中随机调查了100人(称为对照组),得到如下数据: + +| | 不够良好 | 良好 | +|-----------|----------|------| +| 病例组 | 40 | 60 | +| 对照组 | 10 | 90 | + +$附:K^{2}=\frac{n(ad-bc)^2}{(a+b)(c+d)(a+c)(b+d)}$ + +| $P(K^{2}\geq k)$ | 0.050 | 0.010 | 0.001 | +|-------------|-------|-------|-------| +| $k$ | 3.841 | 6.635 |10.828 | + +求有多大的把握认为患该疗疾病师群体与未患该疾病群体的卫生习惯有差异?" ['$由题中数据可知 K^2 = \\frac{200\\times (40\\times 90-10\\times 60)^2}{100\\times 100\\times 50\\times 150} = 24 > 6.635,所以有99\\%的把握认为患该疾病群体���未患该疾病群体的卫生习惯有差异.$\n\n'] ['99%'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +295 "在核酸检测中,""k合1""混采核酸检测是指:先将k个人的样本混合在一起进行1次检测,如果这k个人都没有感染新冠病毒,则检测结果为阴性,得到每人的检测结果都为阴性,检测结束;如果这k个人中有人感染新冠病毒,则检测结果为阳性,此时需对每人再进行1次检测,得到每人的检测结果,检测结束.现对100人进行核酸检测,假设其中只有2人感染新冠病毒,并假设每次检测结果准确. +$将这100人随机分成10组,每组10人,且对每组都采用“10合1”混采核酸检测. 已知感染新冠病毒的2人分在同一组的概率为\frac{1}{11}. 设X是检测的总次数,求X的数学期望E(X).$" ['由(i)知,当感染新冠病毒的2人分在同一组时,检测的总次数是20.当感染新冠病毒的2人分在不同组时,可以求得检测的总次数是30.所以随机变量X的可能取值为20,30.\n\n$因为感染新冠病毒的2人分在同一组的概率为\\frac{1}{11},$\n\n$所以感染新冠病毒的2人分在不同组的概率为1-\\frac{1}{11}=\\frac{10}{11}.$\n\n所以随机变量X的分布列为\n\n| X | 20 | 30 |\n|---|---|---|\n|$ P $|$\\frac{1}{11}$|$\\frac{10}{11}$|\n\n$故随机变量X的数学期望E(X)=20\\times \\frac{1}{11}+30\\times \\frac{10}{11}=\\frac{320}{11}.$\n\n'] ['$\\frac{320}{11}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +296 "$设甲、乙两位同学上学期间,每天7:30之前到校的概率均为\frac{2}{3}.假定甲、乙两位同学到校情况互不影响,且任一同学每天到校情况相互独立.$ +$用X表示甲同学上学期间的三天中7:30之前到校的天数,求随机变量X的数学期望;$" ['$因为甲同学上学期间的三天中到校情况相互独立,且每天7:30之前到校的概率均为\\frac{2}{3},故X~B\\left(3,\\frac{2}{3}\\right),$\n$从而P(X=k)=C^k_3\\left(\\frac{2}{3}\\right)^k\\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^{3-k},k=0,1,2,3.$\n所以,随机变量X的分布列为\n\n| X | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n|$ P $|$\\frac{1}{27}$|$\\frac{2}{9}$|$\\frac{4}{9}$|$\\frac{8}{27}$|\n\n$随机变量X的数学期望E(X)=3\\times \\frac{2}{3}=2.$\n\n'] ['$2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +297 "《黄帝内经》中十二时辰养生法认为:子时的睡眠对一天至关重要(子时是指23点到次日凌晨1点).相关数据表明,入睡时间越晚,沉睡时间越少,睡眠指数也就越低.根据某次的抽样数据,对早睡群体和晚睡群体睡眠指数的统计如表: + +| 组别 | 睡眠指数 | 早睡人群占比 | 晚睡人群占比 | +| ---- | -------- | --------- | --------- | +| 1 | [0,51) | 0.1% | 9.2% | +| 2 | [51,66) | 11.1% | 47.4% | +| 3 | [66,76) | 34.6% | 31.6% | +| 4 | [76,90) | 48.6% | 11.8% | +| 5 | [90,100]| 5.6% | 0.0% | + +注:早睡人群为23:00前入睡的人群,晚睡人群为01:00后入睡的人群. +根据表中数据,估计早睡人群睡眠指数25%分位数与晚睡人群睡眠指数25%分位数分别在第几组;" ['估计早睡人群睡眠指数25%分位数在第3组,晚睡人群睡眠指数25%分位数在第2组.\n\n'] ['$3,2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +298 "$圆C:(x-2)^{2}+(y-1)^{2}=9,过点P(-1,3)向圆C引两切线,A,B为切点.$ +求切线的方程;" ['如果过点P的直线斜率不存在,切线方程为x=-1,符合题意;\n$如果过点P的直线斜率存在,设切线方程为y-3=k(x+1),即kx-y+k+3=0,圆心C到切线的距离为 |3k+2|/\\sqrt{k^2+1}=3,解得k=5/12,则切线方程为5x-12y+41=0.$\n综上,切线方程为$x=-1或5x-12y+41=0$.'] ['$x=-1, 5x-12y+41=0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Equation Open-ended Plane Geometry Math Chinese +299 "$已知点A,B关于坐标原点O对称,|AB|=4,\odot M过点A,B且与直线x+2=0相切.$ +$若A在直线x+y=0上,求\odot M的半径;$" ['$因为\\odot M过点A,B,所以圆心M在AB的垂直平分线上. $\n$已知A在直线x+y=0上,且A,B关于坐标原点O对称,所以M在直线y=x上,故可设M(a,a). $\n$因为\\odot M与直线x+2=0相切, $\n$所以\\odot M的半径r=|a+2|. $\n$由已知得|AO|=2,又$\n$$\n\\overrightarrow{MO}\\perp\\overrightarrow{AO}\n$$\n, \n$故可得2a^2+4=(a+2)^2,解得a=0或a=4. $\n$故\\odot M的半径r=2或r=6.$'] ['$r=2,r=6$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +300 "$已知椭圆 {x^2}/{a^2}+{y^2}/{b^2}=1 (a>b>0)的一个顶点为 A(0,-3),右焦点为 F ,且 |OA|=|OF|,其中 O 为原点.$ +$已知点C满足3\overrightarrow{OC}=\overrightarrow{OF},点B在椭圆上(B异于椭圆的顶点),直线AB与以C为圆心的圆相切于点P,且P为线段AB的中点.求直线AB的方程.$" ['$因为直线AB与以C为圆心的圆相切于点P,且P为线段AB的中点,所以AB\\perp CP.$\n\n$依题意,直线AB和直线CP的斜率均存在.$\n\n$设直线AB的方程为y=kx-3.$\n\n由方程组\n\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}y=kx-3,\\\\ \\frac{x^2}{18}+\\frac{y^2}{9}=1,\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n\n$消去y,可得(2k^2+1)x^2-12kx=0,$\n\n解得x=0或x=\n\n$\\frac{12k}{2k^2+1}$\n\n依题意,可得点B的坐标为\n\n$\\left(\\frac{12k}{2k^2+1},\\frac{6k^2-3}{2k^2+1}\\right)$\n\n因为P为线段AB的中点,点A的坐标为(0,-3),\n\n所以点P的坐标为\n\n$\\left(\\frac{6k}{2k^2+1},\\frac{-3}{2k^2+1}\\right)$\n\n由3\n\n$\\overrightarrow{OC}=\\overrightarrow{OF},$\n\n得点C的坐标为(1,0),\n\n故直线CP的斜率为\n\n$\\frac{\\frac{-3}{2k^2+1}-0}{\\frac{6k}{2k^2+1}-1},$\n\n即\n\n$\\frac{3}{2k^2-6k+1}$\n\n$又因为AB\\perp CP,所以k\\cdot $\n\n$\\frac{3}{2k^2-6k+1}=-1,$\n\n$整理得2k^2-3k+1=0,解得k=\\frac{1}{2}$\n\n或$k=1$.\n\n所以直线AB的方程为$y=\\frac{1}{2}$\n\n$x-3或y=x-3.$'] ['$y=\\frac{1}{2}x-3, y=x-3$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +301 "$已知函数f(x)=xln(2x+1)-ax^2. 02时,函数f(x)有两个零点.$\n$详解:函数f(x)的定义域为\\left(-\\frac{1}{2},+\\infty \\right)$\n$f(x)=0\\Leftrightarrow xln(2x+1)=ax^2,$\n$显然x=0是函数f(x)的零点,当x\\neq 0时,函数f(x)的零点即为方程a=\\frac{\\mathrm{ln}(2x+1)}{x}的解,$\n$令g(x)=\\frac{\\mathrm{ln}(2x+1)}{x},x\\in \\left(-\\frac{1}{2},0\\right)\\cup (0,+\\infty ),则g'(x)=\\frac{\\frac{2x}{2x+1}-\\mathrm{ln}(2x+1)}{x^2},$\n$令h(x)=\\frac{2x}{2x+1}-ln(2x+1),则h'(x)=\\frac{2}{(2x+1)^2}-\\frac{2}{2x+1}=-\\frac{4x}{(2x+1)^2},$\n$当-\\frac{1}{2}0,当x>0时,h'(x)<0,所以函数h(x)在\\left(-\\frac{1}{2},0\\right)上单调递增,在(0,+\\infty )上单调递减,$\n$所以∀x\\in \\left(-\\frac{1}{2},0\\right)\\cup (0,+\\infty ),h(x)0,当x>0时,\\phi '(x)<0,$\n$所以\\phi (x)在\\left(-\\frac{1}{2},0\\right)上单调递增,在(0,+\\infty )上单调递减,所以\\phi (x)\\leq \\phi (0)=0,$\n$即∀x\\in \\left(-\\frac{1}{2},+\\infty \\right),恒有ln(2x+1)\\leq 2x,当且仅当x=0时取“=”,$\n$当-\\frac{1}{2}2,当x>0时,0<\\frac{\\mathrm{ln}(2x+1)}{x}<2,$\n$因此,g(x)在\\left(-\\frac{1}{2},0\\right)上单调递减,g(x)取值集合为(2,+\\infty ),g(x)在(0,+\\infty )上单调递减,g(x)取值集合为(0,2),$\n$于是得当02时,方程a=\\frac{\\mathrm{ln}(2x+1)}{x}有唯一解,当a\\leq 0或a=2时,此方程无解,$\n$所以,当a\\leq 0或a=2时,函数f(x)有一个零点,当02时,函数f(x)有两个零点.$\n\n""]" ['2'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +302 "$已知数列{a_n}中,a_1=-9,且\frac{a_{n+1}}{2}是2与a_n(n\in N^)的等差中项.$ +$设T_n = a_1a_2a_3...a_n,判断数列{T_n}是否存在最大项和最小项.若存在,请求出最大项的值.$" ['$根据数列a_n的通项公式a_n = 2n -11,$\n\n$可知a_1,\\ldots ,a_5都为负值,当n\\geq 6时,a_n>0,$\n\n$所以T_2>0,T_4>0,$\n\n$故max{T_n}= max{T_2,T_4},min{T_n}= min{T_1,T_3,T_5, T_6,\\ldots ,T_n},$\n\n$由于T_2 = 63,T_4 = 945,$\n\n$所以数列T_n的最大项为第4项,其值为945. $\n\n$由于T_5 = -945,T_6 = -945,$\n\n$当n\\geq 7时,a_n>1,所以数列T_n没有最小项.$\n\n'] ['945'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +303 "$等比数列{a_n}中,a_1=1,a_5=4a_3。$ +$求a_n的通项公式;$" ['$设a_n的公比为q,由题设得a_n=q^{n-1}。$\n\n$由已知得q^4=4q^2,解得q=0(舍去)或q=-2或q=2。$\n\n$故a_n=(-2)^{n-1}或a_n=2^{n-1}.$'] ['$a_n=(-2)^{n-1},a_n=2^{n-1}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +304 "$已知函数f(x)=2x^3-3x.$ +问过点$A(-1,2), B(2,10), C(0,2)$分别存在几条直线与曲线$y=f(x)$相切?" ['$过点A(-1,2)存在3条直线与曲线y=f(x)相切;$\n$过点B(2,10)存在2条直线与曲线y=f(x)相切;$\n$过点C(0,2)存在1条直线与曲线y=f(x)相切.$\n\n'] ['3,2,1'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +305 "$已知函数f(x) = \frac{1}{4}x^3 - x^2 + x.$ +$求曲线 y=f(x) 的斜率为1的切线方程;$" "[""$由f(x)=\\frac{1}{4}x^3-x^2+x得f'(x)=\\frac{3}{4}x^2-2x+1。令f'(x)=1,即\\frac{3}{4}x^2-2x+1=1,得x=0或x=\\frac{8}{3}。 $\n\n$又f(0)=0,f(\\frac{8}{3})=\\frac{8}{27},$\n\n$所以曲线y=f(x)的斜率为1的切线方程是y=x与y-\\frac{8}{27}=x-\\frac{8}{3},即y=x与y=x-\\frac{64}{27}。$""]" ['$y=x,y=x-\\frac{64}{27}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +306 "$已知函数f(x)=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\left[\\cos \left(2x+\frac{\pi }{6}\right)+4\\sin x\\cos x\right]+1,x\in \mathbb{R}.$ +$令g(x)=af(x)+b,若函数g(x)在区间[-\frac{\pi }{6},\frac{\pi }{4}]上的值域为[-1,1],求a+b的值.$" ['$- -\\frac{\\pi }{6} \\leq x \\leq \\frac{\\pi }{4},则 - \\frac{\\pi}{6} \\leq 2 x + \\frac{\\pi}{6} \\leq \\frac{2\\pi}{3}。$\n\n$故 - \\frac{1}{2} \\leq sin\\left(2x+\\frac{\\pi }{6}\\right) \\leq 1。$\n\n$\\therefore 函数 f(x) 在区间 \\left[-\\frac{\\pi }{6},\\frac{\\pi }{4}\\right] 上的值域为 \\left[\\frac{1}{2},2\\right]。$\n\n\\therefore \n$1. 当 a > 0 时,\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}2a+b=1 \\\\ \\frac{1}{2}a+b=-1\\end{matrix}\\right. 解得 \\left\\{\\begin{matrix}a=\\frac{4}{3} \\\\ b=-\\frac{5}{3}\\end{matrix}\\right. 则 a + b = - \\frac{1}{3}。$\n$2. 当 a < 0 时,\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}2a+b=-1 \\\\ \\frac{1}{2}a+b=1\\end{matrix}\\right. 解得 \\left\\{\\begin{matrix}a=-\\frac{4}{3} \\\\ b=\\frac{5}{3}\\end{matrix}\\right. 则 a + b = \\frac{1}{3}。$\n\n$综上,a + b = - \\frac{1}{3} 或 \\frac{1}{3}。$'] ['$- \\frac{1}{3}, \\frac{1}{3}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +307 "$已知集合A=\{x|x=2n-1,n\in N^\},B=\{x|x=3^{n},n\in N^\}$,$将A与B中的所有元素按从小到大的顺序排列构成数列\{a_n\}(若有相同元素,按重复方式计入排列)为1,3,3,5,7,9,9,11,\ldots .设数列\{a_n\}的前n项和为S_n.$ +$若a_m=27,求m的值;$" ['$因为a_m=27,所以数列{a_n}的前m项中含有A中的元素为1,3,5,7,9,\\ldots ,27,共有14项,含有B中的元素为3,9,27,共有3项,排列后为1,3,3,5,7,9,9,\\ldots ,27,27,所以m=16或17.$'] ['$16,17$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +308 "$已知S_n为数列{a_n}的前n项和,且a_{n+1}=a_n+d(n\in N^,d为常数),若S_3=12,a_3a_5+2a_3-5a_5-10=0.求:$ +$数列a_n的通项公式$" ['$由a_{n+1}=a_{n}+d(d为常数)知数列{a_{n}}是等差数列,且d为公差。由S_{3}=a_{1}+a_{2}+a_{3}=3a_{2}=12得a_{2}=4,$\n$由a_{3}a_{5}+2a_{3}-5a_{5}-10=0得(a_{3}-5)(a_{5}+2)=0,$\n$所以a_{3}=5或a_{5}=-2,$\n由\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}a_2=4,\\\\ a_3=5\\end{matrix}\\right.得a_{1}=3,d=1,此时a_{n}=n+2.$\n由\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}a_2=4,\\\\ a_5=-2\\end{matrix}\\right.得a_{1}=6,d=-2,此时a_{n}=-2n+8.$\n$所以a_{n}=n+2或a_{n}=-2n+8.$'] ['$a_{n}=n+2,a_{n}=-2n+8$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +309 "$在\triangle ABC中,\sqrt{3}a=2bsinA.$ +求B;" ['$由 \\sqrt{3}a=2b\\sin A 及正弦定理,得$\n$\\sqrt{3}\\sin A=2\\sin B \\sin A,$\n$因为\\sin A>0,所以\\sin B=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2},$\n$又B\\in (0,\\pi ),所以B=\\frac{\\pi }{3}或B=\\frac{2\\pi }{3}.$\n\n'] ['$B=\\frac{\\pi }{3},B=\\frac{2\\pi }{3}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +310 "$在\triangle ABC中,\sqrt{3}a=2bsinA.$ +$若b = \sqrt{7} ,c = 3,求\triangle ABC的面积.$" ['$由(1)可知 B=\\frac{\\pi }{3} 或 B=\\frac{2\\pi }{3} ,因为 b=\\sqrt{7} , c=3 , b< c ,所以 B< C ,所以 B=\\frac{\\pi }{3} .由余弦定理 b^2=a^2+c^2-2ac \\cos B ,得 7=a^2+9-2a\\times 3\\times \\frac{1}{2} ,解得 a=1 或 a=2 .当 a=1 时,S_{\\triangle ABC}=\\frac{1}{2}ac \\sin B=\\frac{1}{2}\\times 1\\times 3\\times \\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}=\\frac{3\\sqrt{3}}{4} ,当 a=2 时,S_{\\triangle ABC}=\\frac{1}{2}ac \\sin B=\\frac{1}{2}\\times 2\\times 3\\times \\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}=\\frac{3\\sqrt{3}}{2} ,所以 \\triangle ABC 的面积为 \\frac{3\\sqrt{3}}{2} 或 \\frac{3\\sqrt{3}}{4} .$'] ['$\\frac{3\\sqrt{3}}{2},\\frac{3\\sqrt{3}}{4}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +311 "$已知函数f(x)=sin(\omega x+\varphi ) \left(\omega >0,|\varphi |<\frac{\pi }{2}\right),再从条件①、条件②、条件③这三个条件中选择两个作为一组已知条件,使f(x)的解析式唯一确定.$ + +$条件①:f(x)的最小正周期为\pi ; $ +$条件②:f(x)为奇函数; $ +$条件③:f(x)图象的一条对称轴为直线x=\frac{\pi }{4}. $ +注:如果选择多组条件分别解答,按第一个解答计分. +$求f(x)的解析式;$" ['$选择条件①②:由条件①及已知得 T = \\frac{2\\pi}{\\omega} = \\pi,所以 \\omega = 2,由条件②得 f(-x)=-f(x),所以 f(0)=0,即 \\sin \\phi = 0。解得 \\phi = k\\pi( k \\in Z)。因为 |\\phi| < \\frac{\\pi}{2},所以 \\phi = 0,所以 f(x)=\\sin 2x。经检验 \\phi = 0 符合题意.$\n\n$选择条件①③:由条件①及已知得 T = \\frac{2\\pi}{\\omega} = \\pi,所以 \\omega = 2。由条件③得 2 \\times \\frac{\\pi}{4} + \\phi = k\\pi + \\frac{\\pi}{2} ( k \\in Z),解得 \\phi = k\\pi( k \\in Z)。因为 |\\phi| < \\frac{\\pi}{2},所以 \\phi = 0。所以 f(x)=\\sin 2x。$\n\n若选择条件②③,无法得到唯一的解析式。'] ['$f(x)=\\sin 2x$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +312 "$已知函数f(x)=sin(\omega x+\varphi ) \left(\omega >0,|\varphi |<\frac{\pi }{2}\right),再从条件①、条件②、条件③这三个条件中选择两个作为一组已知条件,使f(x)的解析式唯一确定.$ + +$条件①:f(x)的最小正周期为\pi ; $ +$条件②:f(x)为奇函数; $ +$条件③:f(x)图象的一条对称轴为直线x=\frac{\pi }{4}. $ +注:如果选择多组条件分别解答,按第一个解答计分. +$设函数 g(x) = f(x) + f\left(x + \frac{\pi}{6}\right),求 g(x) 在区间 \left[0, \frac{\pi}{4}\right] 上的最大值.$" ['$选择条件①②:由题意得g(x)=\\sin 2x+\\sin\\left(2x+\\frac{\\pi }{3}\\right),化简得g(x)=\\sqrt{3}\\sin\\left(2x+\\frac{\\pi }{6}\\right). 因为0\\leq x\\leq \\frac{\\pi }{4},所以\\frac{\\pi }{6}\\leq 2x+\\frac{\\pi }{6}\\leq \\frac{2\\pi }{3},所以当2x+\\frac{\\pi }{6}=\\frac{\\pi }{2},即x=\\frac{\\pi }{6}时,g(x)取最大值\\sqrt{3}.$\n\n选择条件①③:同选择条件①②.\n\n若选择条件②③,无法得到唯一的解析式.'] ['$\\sqrt{3}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +313 "$已知等比数列{a_n}满足: a^2_5 = a_{10}, 2(a_n + a_{n+2}) = 5a_{n+1}.$ +$求a_n的通项公式;$" ['$设数列的公比为q,首项为a_1, 有 a^2_5=a_{10}, 2(a_n+a_{n+2})=5a_{n+1}, 则有方程组:$\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\n(a_1q^4)^2=a_1q^9,\\\\\n2(1+q^2)=5q,\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n\n$解得 a_1=q=2 或者 a_1=q=\\frac{1}{2}, 则有 a_n=2^n 或者 a_n=2^{-n}。$'] ['$a_n=2^n,a_n=2^{-n}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Expression Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +314 "$已知二次函数f(x) = ax^2 + bx + c,且满足f(0) = 2, f(x+1) - f(x) = 2x + 1.$ +$当x\in [t,t+2](t \geq 0)时,求函数f(x)的最小值(用t表示).$" ['$\\because x\\in [t,t+2],\\therefore ①t\\geq 0时, f(x)的最小值为f(t)=t^2+2;②t<0且t+2>0,即-2<t<0时,f(x)的最小值为f(0)=2;③t+2\\leq 0,即t\\leq -2时, f(x)的最小值为f(t+2)=(t+2)^2+2=t^2+4t+6.综上,t\\geq 0时, f(x)的最小值为t^2+2;-2<t<0时, f(x)的最小值为2;t\\leq -2时, f(x)的最小值为t^2+4t+6.$\n\n'] ['$t^2+2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +315 "$已知函数f(x)=2x^3-ax^2+b.$ +$求所有的(a,b),使得f(x)在区间[0,1]的最小值为-1且最大值为1。$" ['$满足题设条件的a,b存在.$\n\n$①当a\\leq 0时,由(1)知,f(x)在[0,1]单调递增,所以f(x)在区间[0,1]的最小值为f(0)=b,最大值为f(1)=2-a+b.此时a,b满足题设条件当且仅当b=-1,2-a+b=1,即a=0,b=-1.$\n\n$②当a\\geq 3时,由(1)知,f(x)在[0,1]单调递减,所以f(x)在区间[0,1]的最大值为f(0)=b,最小值为f(1)=2-a+b.此时a,b满足题设条件当且仅当2-a+b=-1,b=1,即a=4,b=1.$\n\n$③当0 0,所以x_1 < 0,x_2 > 0。$\n\n$①当a \\geq 4时,x_2 \\geq 1。$\n\n$由(1)知,f(x)在[0,1]上单调递增。$\n\n$所以f(x)在x=0和x=1处分别取得最小值和最大值。$\n\n$②当00)的直线l与C交于A,B两点,|AB|=8.$ +$求过点A,B且与C的准线相切的圆的方程.$" ['$由(1)得AB的中点坐标为(3,2),所以AB的垂直平分线方程为y-2=-(x-3),即y=-x+5.$\n$设所求圆的圆心坐标为x_0, y_0,则$\n$$\n\\begin{align*}\ny_0 &= -x_0+5,\\\\\n(x_0+1)^2 &= \\frac{(y_0-x_0+1)^2}{2}+16.\n\\end{align*}\n$$\n解得\n$$\n\\begin{align*}\nx_0 = 3,\\\\ \ny_0 = 2\n\\end{align*}\n$$\n或\n$$\n\\begin{align*}\nx_0 = 11,\\\\ \ny_0 = -6\n\\end{align*}\n$$\n$因此所求圆的方程为(x-3)^2+(y-2)^2=16或(x-11)^2+(y+6)^2=144.$'] ['$(x-3)^2+(y-2)^2=16,(x-11)^2+(y+6)^2=144$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +320 "$设函数f(x)=\sin x, x \in R。$ +$已知\theta\in [0,2\pi ),函数f(x+\theta)是偶函数,求\theta的值;$" ['$因为f(x+\\theta)=\\sin(x+\\theta)是偶函数,所以对任意实数x都有\\sin(x+\\theta)=\\sin(-x+\\theta),即\\sin x\\cos \\theta+\\cos x\\sin \\theta=-\\sin x\\cos \\theta+\\cos x\\sin \\theta, 故2\\sin x\\cos \\theta=0,所以\\cos \\theta=0.又\\theta\\in[0,2\\pi),因此\\theta=\\frac{\\pi }{2}或\\frac{3\\pi }{2}.$'] ['$\\frac{\\pi }{2},\\frac{3\\pi }{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +321 "$已知数列a_n的首项为1,对任意的n \in N^,定义b_n = a_{n+1} - a_n.$ +$若b_{n+1}b_{n-1}=b_{n} (n\geq 2),且b_{1}=a,b_{2}=b (ab\neq 0).$ +$当a=1,b=2时,求数列{b_{n}}的前3n项的和;$" ['$因为b_{n+1}b_{n-1}=b_{n}(n\\geq 2)$\n\n$所以,对任意的n\\in N^{}有b_{n+6}=\\frac{b_{n+5}}{b_{n+4}}=\\frac{1}{b_{n+3}}=\\frac{b_{n+1}}{b_{n+2}}=b_{n},$\n\n$即数列{b_{n}}各项的值重复出现,周期为6.又数列{b_{n}}的前6项分别为1,2,2,1,\\frac{1}{2},\\frac{1}{2},且这6个数的和为7.$\n$设数列{b_{n}}的前n项和为S_{n},$\n\n$当n=2k(k\\in N^{})时,$\n\n$S_{3n}=S_{6k}=k(b_{1}+b_{2}+b_{3}+b_{4}+b_{5}+b_{6})=7k,$\n\n$当n=2k+1(k\\in N^{})时,$\n\n$S_{3n}=S_{6k+3}=k(b_{1}+b_{2}+b_{3}+b_{4}+b_{5}+b_{6})+b_{6k+1}+b_{6k+2}+b_{6k+3}$\n\n$=7k+b_{1}+b_{2}+b_{3}=7k+5,$\n\n$所以,当n为偶数时,S_{3n}=\\frac{7}{2}n;当n为奇数时,S_{3n}=\\frac{7n+3}{2}.$'] ['$S_{3n}= \\frac{7}{2}n,S_{3n}=\\frac{7n+3}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +322 "$在直角坐标系xOy中,曲线C的参数方程为$ +$\left\{\begin{matrix}x=3\cos \theta ,\\ y=\sin \theta \end{matrix}\right.$ +$(\theta为参数),直线l的参数方程为$ +$\left\{\begin{matrix}x=a+4t,\\ y=1-t\end{matrix}\right.$ +$(t为参数)。$ +$若C上的点到l距离的最大值为\sqrt{17},求a。$" ['$直线l的普通方程为x+4y-a-4=0,故C上的点(3cos \\theta ,sin \\theta )到l的距离为d=\\frac{|3\\cos \\theta +4\\sin \\theta -a-4|}{\\sqrt{17}}。$\n\n$当a\\geq -4时,d的最大值为\\frac{a+9}{\\sqrt{17}},由题设得\\frac{a+9}{\\sqrt{17}}=\\sqrt{17},所以a=8;$\n\n$当a<-4时,d的最大值为\\frac{-a+1}{\\sqrt{17}},由题设得\\frac{-a+1}{\\sqrt{17}}=\\sqrt{17},所以a=-16。$\n\n综上,$a=8或a=-16$.'] ['$a=8,a=-16$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +323 "$已知椭圆\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)的一个顶点为A(0,-3),右焦点为F,且|OA|=|OF|,其中O为原点.$ +$已知点C满足3\overrightarrow{OC}=\overrightarrow{OF},点B在椭圆上(B异于椭圆的顶点),直线AB与以C为圆心的圆相切于点P,且P为线段AB的中点.求直线AB的方程.$" ['$因为直线AB与以C为圆心的圆相切于点P,且P为线段AB的中点,所以AB\\perp CP.依题意,直线AB和直线CP的斜率均存在(由于A为椭圆的一个顶点,B为非顶点,$$直线AB与圆C相切,故直线AB,CP斜率均存在).设直线AB的方程为y=kx-3.由方程组$\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\ny=kx-3,\\\\ \n\\frac{x^2}{18}+\\frac{y^2}{9}=1,\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n$消去y,可得(2k^2+1)x^2-12kx=0,解得x=0,或x=\\frac{12k}{2k^2+1}.依题意,可得点B的坐标为\\left(\\frac{12k}{2k^2+1},\\frac{6k^2-3}{2k^2+1}\\right).因为P为线段AB的中点,点A的坐标为(0,-3),所以点P的坐标为\\left(\\frac{6k}{2k^2+1},\\frac{-3}{2k^2+1}\\right)(中点坐标公式).$\n\n\n\n$由3\\overrightarrow{OC}=\\overrightarrow{OF},得点C的坐标为(1,0),故直线CP的斜率为\\frac{\\frac{-3}{2k^2+1}-0}{\\frac{6k}{2k^2+1}-1},即\\frac{3}{2k^2-6k+1}.又因为AB\\perp CP,所以k\\cdot \\frac{3}{2k^2-6k+1}=-1(两直线垂直,斜率之积为-1),整理得2k^2-3k+1=0,解得k=\\frac{1}{2},或k=1.$\n\n\n\n$所以,直线AB的方程为y=\\frac{1}{2}x-3,或y=x-3.$'] ['$y=\\frac{1}{2}x-3,y=x-3$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +324 "$已知椭圆C:\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)的一个顶点为(0,-1),一个焦点为(1,0).$ +$已知点P(0,2),过原点O的直线交椭圆C于M,N两点,直线PM与椭圆C的另一个交点为Q.若\triangle MNQ的面积等于\frac{4\sqrt{2}}{5},求直线PM的斜率.$" ['$设直线PM的方程为y=kx+2(k \\neq 0), $\n$由 \\left\\{\\begin{matrix}y=kx+2,\\\\ \\frac{x^2}{2}+y^2=1\\end{matrix}\\right. 消去y得(1+2k^2)x^2+8kx+6=0, $\n$由 \\Delta=(8k)^2-4(1+2k^2)\\times 6>0,解得k^2>\\frac{3}{2} , $\n$设M(x_1,y_1), Q(x_2, y_2),则x_1+x_2=\\frac{-8k}{1+2k^2}, x_1x_2=\\frac{6}{1+2k^2}, $\n$根据椭圆的对称性知S_{\\triangle OMQ}=S_{\\triangle ONQ}=\\frac{1}{2}S_{\\triangle MNQ}=\\frac{2\\sqrt{2}}{5}, $\n$所以S_{\\triangle OMQ}=|S_{\\triangle POQ}-S_{\\triangle POM}|=|\\frac{1}{2}\\times 2|x_2|-\\frac{1}{2}\\times 2|x_1|| $\n$=|x_2-x_1|=\\sqrt{(x_1+x_2)^2-4x_1x_2} $\n$=\\sqrt{\\frac{64k^2}{(1+2k^2)^2}-\\frac{24}{1+2k^2}}=\\frac{2\\sqrt{2}}{5} ,(或设O到直线PM的距离为d,则d=\\frac{2}{\\sqrt{1+k^2}}, $\n$|MQ|=\\sqrt{1+k^2}|x_1-x_2|=\\sqrt{(1+k^2)\\left[\\frac{64k^2}{(1+2k^2)^2}-\\frac{24}{1+2k^2}\\right]}. $\n$S_{\\triangle OMQ}=\\frac{1}{2}d\\cdot |MQ|=\\frac{1}{2}\\times\\frac{2}{\\sqrt{1+k^2}}\\times\\sqrt{(1+k^2)\\left[\\frac{64k^2}{(1+2k^2)^2}-\\frac{24}{1+2k^2}\\right]}=\\frac{2\\sqrt{2}}{5} )。 $\n$整理得2k^4-23k^2+38=0, $\n$解得k^2=2或k^2=\\frac{19}{2}, \\left({\\text{满足}}k^2>\\frac{3}{2}\\right) $\n$所以k=\\pm \\sqrt{2}或k=\\pm \\frac{\\sqrt{38}}{2}.$'] ['$-\\sqrt{2},\\sqrt{2},-\\frac{\\sqrt{38}}{2},\\frac{\\sqrt{38}}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +325 "$椭圆M: \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (a>b>0)的左顶点为А(-2,0),离心率为\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}.$ +$已知经过点 (0,\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}) 的直线 l 交椭圆 M 于 B,C 两点, D 是直线 x =-4 上一点. 若四边形 ABCD 为平行四边形, 求直线 l 的方程.$" ['当直线l的斜率不存在时,四边形ABCD不可能为平行四边形。\n\n$当直线l的斜率存在时,设l:y=kx+\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2},由\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}y=kx+\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2},\\\\ x^2+4y^2=4\\end{matrix}\\right.消去y得(1+4k^2)x^2+4\\sqrt{3}kx-1=0。$\n\n$\\Delta =(4\\sqrt{3}k)^2+4(1+4k^2)=4(16k^2+1)>0。$\n\n$设B(x_1,y_1),C(x2,y2),则x1,2=\\frac{-4\\sqrt{3}k\\pm \\sqrt{\\Delta }}{2(1+4k^2)}.$\n\n$所以|x1-x2|= \\frac{\\sqrt{\\Delta }}{1+4k^2}.$\n\n$由四边形ABCD为平行四边形可得\\overrightarrow{AD}=\\overrightarrow{BC},所以|xA-xD|=|x1-x2|,即2=\\frac{\\sqrt{4(16k^2+1)}}{1+4k^2}解得k^2=0或k^2=\\frac{1}{2},即k=0或k=\\pm \\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}.$\n\n$所以,直线l的方程为y=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}或y=\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}x+\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}或y=-\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}x+\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}.$'] ['$y=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2},y=\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}x+\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2},y=-\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}x+\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +326 "$已知函数f(x)=(x-1)e^{x}-\frac{1}{2}ax^{2}(a \in \mathbb{R}). a\geq e^2$ +$求函数f(x)在[1,2]上的最小值.$" "[""$f'(x)=x(e^x-a).$\n$①当a\\leq 0,x\\in [1,2]时, f'(x)>0.$\n$所以f(x)在[1,2]上是增函数.故f(x)_{min}=f(1)=-\\frac{1}{2}a.$\n$②当a>0时,令f'(x)=0,解得x_1=ln a, x_2=0(舍), $\n$(i)当ln a\\leq 1,即00. $\n$所以f(x)在[1,2]上是增函数.故f(x)_{min}=f(1)=-\\frac{1}{2}a. $\n$(ii)当110 +\end{cases} +求数列{b_{n}}的前100项和.$" ['$因为 b_n=\\begin{cases}a_n,& n \\leq 10, \\\\ 2b_{n-10}, & n > 10,\\end{cases} 所以数列{b_n}的前100项和为(b_1+b_2+\\ldots +b_{10})+(b_{11}+b_{12}+\\ldots +b_{20})+(b_{21}+b_{22}+\\ldots +b_{30})+\\ldots +(b_{91}+b_{92}+\\ldots +b_{100})=(a_1+a_2+\\ldots +a_{10})+2(a_1+a_2+\\ldots +a_{10})+2^2(a_1+a_2+\\ldots +a_{10})+\\ldots +2^9(a_1+a_2+\\ldots +a_{10})=(1+2+2^2+\\ldots +2^9)(a_1+a_2+\\ldots +a_{10})=\\frac{1-2^{10}}{1-2}\\frac{10 \\times (1+19)}{2}=102 300.$'] ['102300'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +330 "$已知数列a_n的奇数项是公差为d_1的等差数列,偶数项是公差为d_2的等差数列,S_n是数列a_n的前n项和,a_1=1,a_2=2.$ +$若S_4=11,a_{10}=2a_{7},求a_{12};$" ['$由题意得,当n为奇数时,a_n=1+\\frac{n-1}{2} d_1,$\n\n$当n为偶数时,a_n=2+\\left(\\frac{n}{2}-1\\right) d_2。$\n\n$(1)由S_4=11,a_{10}=2a_7,得1+2+1+d_1+2+d_2=11,2+\\left(\\frac{10}{2}-1\\right) d_2=2\\left(1+\\frac{7-1}{2}d_1\\right),$\n\n$解得d_1=2,d_2=3,所以a_{12}=17.$'] ['$17$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +331 "$设a_n是公比不为1的等比数列,a_1为a_2,a_3的等差中项.$ +$求a_n的公比;$" ['$设a_n的公比为q,由题设得2a_1=a_2+a_3,即2a_1=a_1q+a_1q^2.$\n$所以q^2+q-2=0,解得q_1=1(舍去),q_2=-2.$\n$故a_n的公比为-2.$'] ['$-2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +332 "$设a_n是等差数列,其前n项和为S_n (n\in N^);b_n是等比数列,公比大于0,其前n项和为T_n (n\in N^).已知b_1=1,b_3=b_2+2,b_4=a_3+a_5,b_5=a_4+2a_6.$ +$若S_n +(T_1 + T_2 +\ldots + T_n )= a_n + 4b_n, 求正整数n的值.$" ['$由(1),有 T_1 + T_2 + \\ldots + T_n = (2^1 + 2^2 + \\ldots + 2^n) - n = \\frac{2 \\times (1-2^n)}{1-2} - n = 2^n + 1 - n - 2.$\n\n$由 S_n + (T_1 + T_2 + \\ldots + T_n) = a_n + 4b_n, 可得 \\frac{n(n+1)}{2} + 2^n + 1 -n -2 = n + 2^n +1,$\n\n$整理得 n^2 - 3n - 4 = 0,解得 n = -1 (舍)或 n = 4.$\n\n$所以 n 的值为4.$'] ['$n=4$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +333 "$已知等差数列{a_n}的前n项和为S_n,a_4=9,S_3=15.$ +$保持数列a_n中各项的先后顺序不变,在a_k与a_{k+1} (k=1,2,\dots)之间插入2^k个1,使它们和原数列的项构成一个新的数列b_n,记b_n的前n项和为T_n,求T_{100}的值.$" ['$因为在a_k与a_{k+1} (k=1,2,\\ldots )之间插入2^k个1,所以a_k在{b_n}中对应的项数为k+2^1+2^2+2^3+\\ldots +2^{k-1}=k+\\frac{2-2^k}{1-2}=2^k+k-2$\n\n$当k=6时,2^6+6-2=68,当k=7时,2^7+7-2=133,所以a_6=b_{68},a_7=b_{133},且b_{69}=b_{70}=...=b_{100}=1。$\n\n$因此,T_{100}=S_6+(2\\times 1+2^2\\times 1+2^3\\times 1+\\ldots +2^5\\times 1)+32\\times 1=\\frac{6}{2}\\times (3+13)+\\frac{2-2^6}{1-2}+32=142.$'] ['142'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +334 "$已知a_n为等比数列,a_1,a_2,a_3分别是下表第一、二、三行中的数,且a_1,a_2,a_3里的任意两个数都不在下表的同一列中,b_n为等差数列,其前n项和为S_n,且a_1=b_3-2b_1,S_7=7a_3。$ + +| | 第一列 | 第二列 | 第三列 | +| --- | --- | --- | --- | +| 第一行 | 1 | 5 | 2 | +| 第二行 | 4 | 3 | 10 | +| 第三行 | 9 | 8 | 20 | +$若c_n=[lg b_n],其中[x]是高斯函数,表示不超过x的最大整数,如[lg 2]=0,[lg 98]=1,求数列{c_n}的前100项和T_{100}。$" ['$由(1)得b_n=2n,故c_n=[lg(2n)].$\n\n$T_{100}=c_1+c_2+\\ldots +c_{100}=[lg 2]+[lg 4]+[lg 6]+[lg 8]+[lg 10]+\\ldots +[lg 98]+[lg 100]+\\ldots +[lg 200]=4\\times 0+45\\times 1+51\\times 2=147.$'] ['$T_{100}=147$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +335 "$已知函数f(x)=axsinx,若曲线f(x)在x=\frac{\pi }{2}处的切线的斜率为2.$ +$求实数a的值;$" "[""$因为f'(x)=a(sin x+xcos x),$\n\n$所以f'\\left(\\frac{\\pi }{2}\\right)=a\\left(\\sin \\frac{\\pi }{2}+\\frac{\\pi }{2}\\cos \\frac{\\pi }{2}\\right)=a=2.$""]" ['$a=2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +336 "$已知函数f(x)=axsinx,若曲线f(x)在x=\frac{\pi }{2}处的切线的斜率为2.$ +$求函数g(x)=\frac{f(x)+2}{e^x} 在区间[1,\pi ]上的最小值.$" "[""$g(x)=\\frac{f(x)+2}{e^x}=\\frac{2x\\sin x+2}{e^x},$\n\n$则 g'(x)=\\frac{2(\\sin x+x\\cos x-x\\sin x-1)}{e^x}= \\frac{2[(\\sin x-1)+x(\\cos x-\\sin x)]}{e^x},$\n\n$当 x\\in (1,\\pi ) 时,\\sin x-1\\leq 0,\\cos x-\\sin x<0,$\n\n$所以 g'(x)<0,所以 g(x) 在[1,\\pi ]上单调递减,$\n\n$所以 g(x) 在 x\\in [1,\\pi ] 上的最小值为 g(\\pi )=\\frac{2}{e^\\pi }.$""]" ['$\\frac{2}{e^\\pi }$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +337 "$已知函数f(x)=ln x+\frac{x-1}{x}-a(x-1)(a\in R).$ +$设h(x)=(x-1)f(x)-\frac{{(x-1)}^2}{x}+\frac{a}{2}(x-1)^2,若x=t(t>1)为函数h(x)的极值点,且h(t)=\frac{a-1}{2},求a的值.$" "[""$由题意知只需研究h(x)在(1,+\\infty )上的极值点的情况.$\n\n$易得h'(x)=ln(x)+\\frac{x-1}{x}-a(x-1)=f(x),f'(x)=\\frac{1}{x}+\\frac{1}{x^2}-a=\\frac{-ax^2+x+1}{x^2},$\n\n$①当a\\leq 0时,f'(x)>0,f(x)单调递增,即h'(x)单调递增.$\n\n$因为h'(1)=0,所以当x>1时,h'(x)>0,h(x)在(1,+\\infty )上单调递增.$\n\n$所以h(x)在(1,+\\infty )上没有极值点,不符合题意.$\n\n$②当a=2时,由(1)知,h'(x)_{max}=f(x)_{max}=f(1)=0,即h'(x)\\leq 0,$\n\n$所以h(x)在(1,+\\infty )上是减函数,h(x)没有极值点,不符合题意.$\n\n$③当a>2时,令g(x)=-ax^2+x+1,则g(1)=2-a<0,$\n\n$易得当x>1时,g(x)<0,即f'(x)<0,所以h'(x)在(1,+\\infty )上单调递减,$\n\n$又因为h'(1)=0,所以x\\in (1,+\\infty )时,h'(x)<0,$\n\n$所以h(x)在(1,+\\infty )上单调递减,没有极值点,不符合题意.$\n\n$④当00,由二次函数的图象得,存在x_0\\in (1,+\\infty ),使得g(x_0)=0.$\n\n$当x\\in (1,x_0)时,g(x)>0,h'(x)单调递增;当x\\in (x_0,+\\infty )时,g(x)<0,h'(x)单调递减;$\n\n$又h'(1)=0,所以x\\in (1,x_0)时,h'(x)>0.$\n\n$当x\\rightarrow +\\infty 时,h'(x)\\rightarrow -\\infty ,所以存在t\\in (1,+\\infty ),使得h'(t)=0,$\n\n$所以h(x)在(1,t)上单调递增,在(t,+\\infty )上单调递减,所以x=t符合题目要求,$\n\n$故f(t)=ln(t)+\\frac{t-1}{t}-a(t-1)=0,所以a=\\frac{\\ln t}{t-1}+\\frac{1}{t},$\n\n$又h(t)=(t-1)ln(t)-\\frac{a}{2}(t-1)^2=\\frac{a-1}{2},$\n\n$所以2(t-1)ln(t)-\\left(\\frac{\\ln t}{t-1}+\\frac{1}{t}\\right)(t-1)^2=\\frac{\\ln t}{t-1}+\\frac{1}{t}-1,$\n\n$即\\frac{t^2-2t}{t-1}\\ln(t)=\\frac{t^2-3t+2}{t},即\\frac{(t-2)t}{t-1}\\ln(t)=\\frac{(t-1)(t-2)}{t},$\n\n$当t=2时,该式成立,当t\\neq 2时,\\frac{t}{t-1}\\ln(t)=\\frac{t-1}{t},即\\ln(t)=\\frac{(t-1)^2}{t^2},$\n\n$令\\phi(t)=\\ln(t)-\\frac{(t-1)^2}{t^2}(t>1),可得\\phi'(t)>0,故\\phi(t)在(1,+\\infty )上为增函数,$\n\n$所以\\phi(t)>\\phi(1)=0,\\ln(t)=\\frac{(t-1)^2}{t^2}无解.$\n\n$综上,t=2,所以a=\\ln2+\\frac{1}{2}.$\n\n提醒:根据极值求参数时,一般利用导数得出单调性,再由极值确定参数的值或范围.""]" ['$a=\\ln2+\\frac{1}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +338 "$已知函数f(x)=aln(x+1)+\frac{x^2}{2}-x,其中a为非零实数.$ +$当a=-1时,求f(x)的极值;$" "[""函数f(x)的定义域为(-1,+\\infty ), \n$当a=-1时,f(x)=-ln(x+1)+\\frac{x^2}{2}-x, $\n$则f'(x)=-\\frac{1}{x+1}+x-1=\\frac{x^2-2}{x+1}, $\n$令f'(x)=0,解得x=\\sqrt{2}或x=-\\sqrt{2}(舍去), $\n$当x\\in (-1,\\sqrt{2})时,f'(x)<0,函数f(x)单调递减, $\n$当x\\in (\\sqrt{2},+\\infty )时,f'(x)>0,函数f(x)单调递增, $\n$所以函数f(x)的极小值为f(\\sqrt{2})=-ln(1+\\sqrt{2})+1-\\sqrt{2},无极大值.$""]" ['-ln(1+\\sqrt{2})+1-\\sqrt{2}'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +339 "$已知函数f(x)=x-1-a \ln x。$ +$若f(x)\geq 0,求a的值;$" "[""$f(x)的定义域为(0,+\\infty ).$\n$①若a\\leq 0,因为f\\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)=-\\frac{1}{2}+aln 2<0,所以不满足题意;$\n$②若a>0,由f' x)=1-\\frac{a}{x}=\\frac{x-a}{x}知,当x\\in (0,a)时,f'(x)<0,f(x)单调递减;当x\\in (a,+\\infty )时,f'(x)>0,f(x)单调递增.故x=a是f(x)在(0,+\\infty )的唯一最小值点.$\n$由于f(1)=0,所以当且仅当a=1时,f(x)\\geq 0.故a=1.$""]" ['$a=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +340 "$已知函数f(x)=x-1-a \ln x。$ +$设m为整数,且对于任意正整数n,(1+\frac{1}{2})(1+\frac{1}{2^2})\ldots (1+\frac{1}{2^n})0$\n\n$令x=1+\\frac{1}{2^n},得ln\\left(1+\\frac{1}{2^n}\\right)<\\frac{1}{2^n}$\n\n$从而ln\\left(1+\\frac{1}{2}\\right)+ln\\left(1+\\frac{1}{2^2}\\right)+\\ldots +ln\\left(1+\\frac{1}{2^n}\\right)<\\frac{1}{2}+\\frac{1}{2^2}+\\ldots +\\frac{1}{2^n}=1-\\frac{1}{2^n}<1$\n\n$故\\left(1+\\frac{1}{2}\\right)\\left(1+\\frac{1}{2^2}\\right)\\ldots \\left(1+\\frac{1}{2^n}\\right)2, 所以m的最小值为3$'] ['$3$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +341 "$设函数f(x) = \ln(a-x),已知x=0是函数y=xf(x)的极值点.$ +求a;" "[""$[xf(x)]'=ln(a-x)-\\frac{x}{a-x}.$\n$因为x=0是y=xf(x)的极值点,所以ln a=0,故a=1.$""]" ['a=1'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +342 "$设函数f(x)=x^3+bx+c,曲线y=f(x)在点(\frac{1}{2}, f \left(\frac{1}{2}\right))处的切线与y轴垂直.$ +求b;" "[""$f' (x) =3x^2 + b $\n$依题意得 f' \\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right) =0,即 \\frac{3}{4} + b =0。故 b = -\\frac{3}{4}。$""]" ['$- \\frac{3}{4}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +343 "$已知函数f(x)=e^{x}+\\sin x - \\cos x - ax.$ +$设函数 g(x) = f(x) - ln(1 - x),若 g(x) \geq 0,求 a 的值.$" "["":\n\n$g(x) = f(x) - ln(1-x) = e^x + \\sin x - \\cos x - ax - ln(1-x), x\\in (-\\infty ,1)$\n\n$所以 g'(x) = e^x + \\cos x + \\sin x - a + \\frac{1}{1-x}, g(0) = 0.$\n\n$因为 g(x) \\geq 0,所以∀x\\in (-\\infty ,1),g(x) \\geq g(0),$\n\n$即 g(0) 为 g(x) 的最小值,x = 0 为 g(x) 的一个极小值点,$\n\n$所以 g'(0) = e^0 + \\cos 0 + \\sin 0 - a + \\frac{1}{1-0} = 0,解得 a = 3$\n\n$当 a = 3 时, g(x) = e^x + \\sin x - \\cos x - 3x - ln(1-x) (x < 1),$\n\n$所以 g'(x) = e^x + \\cos x + \\sin x - 3 + \\frac{1}{1-x} = e^x + \\sqrt{2} \\sin (x+\\frac{\\pi }{4}) - 3 + \\frac{1}{1-x}.$\n\n$①当 0 \\leq x < 1 时, g'(x) \\geq 1 + 1 - 3 + 1 = 0 (当且仅当 x = 0 时等号成立),$\n\n$所以 g(x) 在[0,1)上单调递增.$\n\n$②当 x < 0 时,若 -\\frac{\\pi }{2} \\leq x < 0,则 g'(x) < 1 + 1 - 3 + 1 = 0;$\n\n$若 x < -\\frac{\\pi }{2},g'(x) < e^{-\\frac{\\pi }{2}} + \\sqrt{2} - 3 + \\frac{2}{\\pi +2} < \\frac{1}{2} + \\frac{3}{2} - 3 + \\frac{2}{\\pi +2} < 0.$\n\n$所以 g(x) 在(-\\infty ,0)上单调递减.$\n\n$综上,g(x) 在(-\\infty ,0)上单调递减,在[0,1)上单调递增,满足题意,$\n\n$所以 a = 3.$""]" ['$a = 3$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +344 "$已知函数f(x) = \frac{1+\mathrm{ln} x}{x}。$ +$求函数 y=f(x) 的最大值;$" "[""$易得f'(x)=\\frac{-\\mathrm{ln} x}{x^2},当x\\in (0,1)时,f'(x)>0,当x\\in (1,+\\infty )时,f'(x)<0,所以f(x)在(0,1)上单调递增,在(1,+\\infty )上单调递减。$\n\n$所以当x=1时,f(x)取最大值,最大值为1.$""]" ['$1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +345 "$已知函数 f(x)=e^x cos x ,g(x)=a\cos x+x (a<0),曲线 y=g(x) 在 x=\frac{\pi }{6} 处的切线的斜率为 \frac{3}{2}.$ +$求实数a的值;$" "[""$因为 g(x) = a\\cos x + x (a<0) ,$\n\n$所以 g'(x) = 1-a\\sin x ,$\n\n$由已知可得 g'\\left(\\frac{\\pi }{6}\\right) = 1 - \\frac{1}{2}a = \\frac{3}{2} ,解得 a=-1.$""]" ['a=-1'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +346 "某校为了缓解高三学子复习压力,举行“趣味数学”闯关活动,规定每人从10道题中至少随机抽3道回答,至少答对2题即可闯过第一关.某班有5位同学参加闯关活动��假设每位同学都能答对10道题中的6道题,且每位同学能否闯过第一关相亚独立. +求B同学闯过第一关的概率;" ['$B同学闯过第一关的情况有答对2题和答对3题,故B同学闯过第一关的概率 P=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^3_6+\\mathrm{C}^2_6\\mathrm{C}^1_4}{\\mathrm{C}^3_{10}}=\\frac{2}{3}.$'] ['$\\frac{2}{3}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +347 "某校为了缓解高三学子复习压力,举行“趣味数学”闯关活动,规定每人从10道题中至少随机抽3道回答,至少答对2题即可闯过第一关.某班有5位同学参加闯关活动,假设每位同学都能答对10道题中的6道题,且每位同学能否闯过第一关相亚独立. +$求这5位同学闯过第一关的人数 X 的数学期望.$" ['$由题意可知X的所有可能取值为0,1,2,3,4,5,且X服从二项分布,即X~B \\left(5,\\frac{2}{3}\\right).$\n$P(X=0)= \\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^{5} = \\frac{1}{243},$\n$P(X=1)=C^1_5\\times \\left(\\frac{2}{3}\\right)\\times \\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^{4} =\\frac{10}{243},$\n$P(X=2)=C ^2_5\\times \\left(\\frac{2}{3}\\right)^{2} \\times \\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^{3} =\\frac{40}{243},$\n$P(X=3)=C ^3_5\\times \\left(\\frac{2}{3}\\right)^{3} \\times \\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^{2} =\\frac{80}{243},$\n$P(X=4)=C ^4_5\\times \\left(\\frac{2}{3}\\right)^{4} \\times \\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)=\\frac{80}{243},$\n$P(X=5)=\\left(\\frac{2}{3}\\right)^{5} =\\frac{32}{243}.$\n\n故X的分布列为\n\n| X | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |\n| ---- | --------------- | ---------------- | ---------------- | ---------------- | ---------------- | ---------------- |\n| $P$ | $\\frac{1}{243}$ | $\\frac{10}{243}$ | $\\frac{40}{243}$ | $\\frac{80}{243}$ | $\\frac{80}{243}$ | $\\frac{32}{243}$ |\n\n$所以E(X)=0\\times \\frac{1}{243}+1\\times \\frac{10}{243}+2\\times \\frac{40}{243}+3\\times \\frac{80}{243}+4\\times \\frac{80}{243}+5\\times \\frac{32}{243}=\\frac{10}{3}\\left(\\text{或}E(X)=5 \\times \\frac{2}{3}=\\frac{10}{3}\\right).$\n\n'] ['$\\frac{10}{3}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +348 "$某企业拥有3条相同的生产线,每条生产线每月至多出现一次故障.各条生产线是否出现故障相互独立,且出现故障的概率均为\frac{1}{3}.$ +求该企业每月有且只有1条生产线出现故障的概率;" ['$设3条生产线中出现故障的条数为X,则X~B(3, 1/3),因此P(X=1)=C^1_3 (1/3)^1 (2/3)^2 = 4/9.$'] ['4/9'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +349 "$甲、乙、丙三位同学进行羽毛球比赛,约定赛制如下:累计负两场者被淘汰;比赛前抽签决定首先比赛的两人,另一人轮空;每场比赛的胜者与轮空者进行下一场比赛,负者下一场轮空,直至有一人被淘汰;当一人被淘汰后,剩余的两人继续比赛,直至其中一人被淘汰,另一人最终获胜,比赛结束.经抽签,甲、乙首先比赛,丙轮空.设每场比赛双方获胜的概率都为 \frac{1}{2} .$ +求甲连胜四场的概率;" ['$甲连胜四场的概率为 \\frac{1}{16}.$'] ['$\\frac{1}{16}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +350 "$甲、乙、丙三位同学进行羽毛球比赛,约定赛制如下:累计负两场者被淘汰;比赛前抽签决定首先比赛的两人,另一人轮空;每场比赛的胜者与轮空者进行下一场比赛,负者下一场轮空,直至有一人被淘汰;当一人被淘汰后,剩余的两人继续比赛,直至其中一人被淘汰,另一人最终获胜,比赛结束.经抽签,甲、乙首先比赛,丙轮空.设每场比赛双方获胜的概率都为 \frac{1}{2} .$ +求需要进行第五场比赛的概率;" ['$根据赛制,至少需要进行四场比赛,至多需要进行五场比赛.比赛四场结束,共有三种情况:甲连胜四场的概率为 \\frac{1}{16};乙连胜四场的概率为 \\frac{1}{16};丙上场后连胜三场的概率为 \\frac{1}{8}. 所以需要进行第五场比赛的概率为1- \\frac{1}{16} - \\frac{1}{16} - \\frac{1}{8}= \\frac{3}{4}.$'] ['$\\frac{3}{4}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +351 "$甲、乙、丙三位同学进行羽毛球比赛,约定赛制如下:累计负两场者被淘汰;比赛前抽签决定首先比赛的两人,另一人轮空;每场比赛的胜者与轮空者进行下一场比赛,负者下一场轮空,直至有一人被淘汰;当一人被淘汰后,剩余的两人继续比赛,直至其中一人被淘汰,另一人最终获胜,比赛结束.经抽签,甲、乙首先比赛,丙轮空.设每场比赛双方获胜的概率都为 \frac{1}{2} .$ +求��最终获胜的概率." ['丙最终获胜,有两种情况:\n$比赛四场结束且丙最终获胜的概率为\\frac{1}{8};$\n$比赛五场结束且丙最终获胜,则从第二场开始的四场比赛按照丙的胜、负、轮空结果有三种情况:胜胜负胜,胜负空胜,负空胜胜,概率分别为\\frac{1}{16},\\frac{1}{8},\\frac{1}{8}.$\n$因此丙最终获胜的概率为\\frac{1}{8}+\\frac{1}{16}+\\frac{1}{8}+\\frac{1}{8}=\\frac{7}{16}.$'] ['$\\frac{7}{16}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +352 "$漳州某地准备建造一个以水仙花为主题的公园.在建园期间,甲、乙、丙三个工作队负责采摘及雕刻水仙花球茎.雕刻时会损坏部分水仙花球茎,假设水仙花球茎损坏后便不能使用,无损坏的全部使用.已知甲、乙、丙工作队所采摘的水仙花球茎分别占采摘总量的25\%,35\%,40\%,甲、乙、丙工作队采摘的水仙花球茎的使用率分别为0.8,0.6,0.75。水仙花球茎的使用率=(\text{能使用的水仙花球茎数}\over\text{采摘的水仙花球茎总数})。$ +$从采摘的水仙花球茎中有放回地随机抽取三次,每次抽取一颗,记甲工作队采摘的水仙花球茎被抽取到的次数为\xi,求随机变量\xi的期望;$" ['$在采摘的水仙花球茎中,任取一颗是由甲工作队采摘的概率是\\frac{1}{4}.$\n\n$依题意,\\xi 的所有取值为0,1,2,3,且\\xi ~B\\left(3,\\frac{1}{4}\\right),$\n\n$所以P(\\xi =k)=C^k_3\\left(\\frac{1}{4}\\right)^{k} \\left(\\frac{3}{4}\\right)^{3-k},k=0,1,2,3,$\n\n$即P(\\xi =0)=\\frac{27}{64},$\n\n$P(\\xi =1)=\\frac{27}{64},$\n\n$P(\\xi =2)=\\frac{9}{64},$\n\n$P(\\xi =3)=\\frac{1}{64},$\n\n$所以\\xi 的分布列为$\n\n|i|P|\n|--|--|\n|$\\xi$|$\\frac{27}{64}$|\n|$1$|$\\frac{27}{64}$|\n|$2$|$\\frac9{64}$|\n|$3$|$\\frac1{64}$|\n\n$所以E(\\xi )=3\\times \\frac{1}{4}=\\frac{3}{4}.$\n\n'] ['$\\frac{3}{4}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +353 "$漳州某地准备建造一个以水仙花为主题的公园.在建园期间,甲、乙、丙三个工作队负责采摘及雕刻水仙花球茎.雕刻时会损坏部分水仙花球茎,假设水仙花球茎损坏后便不能使用,无损坏的全部使用.已知甲、乙、丙工作队所采摘的水仙花球茎分别占采摘总量的25%,35%,40%,甲、乙、丙工作队采摘的水仙花球茎的使用率分别为0.8,0.6,0.75。水仙花球茎的使用率=(\text{能使用的水仙花球茎数}\over\text{采摘的水仙花球茎总数})。$ +已知采摘的某颗水仙花球茎经雕刻后能使用,求它是由丙工作队所采摘的概率." ['$用A_1,A_2,A_3分别表示水仙花球茎由甲,乙,丙工作队采摘,B表示采摘的水仙花球茎经雕刻后能使用,则P(A_1)=0.25,P(A_2)=0.35,P(A_3)=0.4,$\n\n$且P(B|A_1)=0.8,P(B|A_2)=0.6,P(B|A_3)=0.75,$\n\n$故P(B)=P(BA_1)+P(BA_2)+P(BA_3)=P(A_1)P(B|A_1)+P(A_2)P(B|A_2)+P(A_3)P(B|A_3)$\n\n$=0.25\\times 0.8+0.35\\times 0.6+0.4\\times 0.75=0.71$\n\n$所以P(A_3|B)=\\frac{P(A_3B)}{P(B)}=\\frac{P(A_3)P(B|A_3)}{P(B)}=\\frac{0.3}{0.71}=\\frac{30}{71}$\n\n$即采摘出的某颗水仙花球茎经雕刻后能使用,它是由丙工作队所采摘的概率为\\frac{30}{71}.$'] ['$\\frac{30}{71}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +354 "$某沙漠地区经过治理,生态系统得到很大改善,野生动物数量有所增加.为调查该地区某种野生动物的数量,将其分成面积相近的200个地块,从这些地块中用简单随机抽样的方法抽取20个作为样区,调查得到样本数据(x_i,y_i)(i=1,2,\ldots ,20),其中x_i和y_i分别表示第i个样区的植物覆盖面积(单位:公顷)和这种野生动物的数量,并计算得\sum^{20}_{i=1} x_i=60,\sum^{20}_{i=1} y_i=1 200,\sum^{20}_{i=1} (x_i-\overline{x})^2=80,\sum^{20}_{i=1} (y_i-\overline{y})^2=9 000,\sum^{20}_{i=1} (x_i-\overline{x})(y_i-\overline{y})=800.$ + +$附:相关系数r=\frac{\sum^n_{i=1}(x_i-\overline{x})(y_i-\overline{y})}{\sqrt{\sum^n_{i=1}(x_i-\overline{x})^2\sum^n_{i=1}(y_i-\overline{y})^2}},\sqrt{2}\approx 1.414.$ +求该地区这种野生动物数量的估计值(这种野生动物数量的估计值等于样区这种野生动物数量的平均数乘地块数);" ['$由已知得样本平均数 \\overline{y} = \\frac{1}{20} \\sum^{20}_{i=1} y_{i} = 60,从而该地区这种野生动物数量的估计值为60\\times 200=12 000.$'] ['12000'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +355 "$某沙漠地区经过治理,生态系统得到很大改善,野生动物数量有所增加.为调查该地区某种野生动物的数量,将其分成面积相近的200个地块,从这些地块中用简单随机抽样的方法抽取20个作为样区,调查得到样本数据(x_i,y_i)(i=1,2,\ldots ,20),其中x_i和y_i分别表示第i个样区的植物覆盖面积(单位:公顷)和这种野生动物的数量,并计算得\sum^{20}_{i=1} x_i=60,\sum^{20}_{i=1} y_i=1 200,\sum^{20}_{i=1} (x_i-\overline{x})^2=80,\sum^{20}_{i=1} (y_i-\overline{y})^2=9 000,\sum^{20}_{i=1} (x_i-\overline{x})(y_i-\overline{y})=800.$ + +$附:相关系数r=\frac{\sum^n_{i=1}(x_i-\overline{x})(y_i-\overline{y})}{\sqrt{\sum^n_{i=1}(x_i-\overline{x})^2\sum^n_{i=1}(y_i-\overline{y})^2}},\sqrt{2}\approx 1.414.$ +$求样本 (x_i,y_i) (i=1,2,\ldots ,20)的相关系数(精确到0.01);$" ['$样本(x_{i},y_{i})(i=1,2,\\ldots ,20)的相关系数$\n$r= \\frac{\\sum \\limits^{20}_{i=1}(x_i-\\overline{x})(y_i-\\overline{y})}{\\sqrt{\\sum \\limits^{20}_{i=1}(x_i-\\overline{x})^2\\sum \\limits^{20}_{i=1}(y_i-\\overline{y})^2}} = \\frac{800}{\\sqrt{80 \\times 9 000}} = \\frac{2\\sqrt{2}}{3} \\approx 0.94.$'] ['\\frac{2\\sqrt{2}}{3}'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +356 "甲、乙两城之间的长途客车均由A和B两家公司运行.为了解这两家公司长途客车的运行情况,随机调查了甲、乙两城之间的500个班次,得到下面列联表: + +| | 准点班次数 | 未准点班次数 | +| ---- | ---------- | ------------ | +| A | 240 | 20 | +| B | 210 | 30 | + +$附:K^2=\frac{n(ad-bc)^2}{(a+b)(c+d)(a+c)(b+d)},$ + +| $P(K^2\geq k)$ | 0.100 | 0.050 | 0.010 | +| ---------- | ----- | ----- | ----- | +| $k$ | 2.706 | 3.841 | 6.635 | +根据上表,分别估计这两家公司甲、乙两城之间的长途客车准点的概率;" ['$由题意可得A公司长途客车准点的概率P_1=\\frac{240}{260}=\\frac{12}{13},B公司长途客车准点的概率P_2=\\frac{210}{240}=\\frac{7}{8}.$\n\n'] ['$P_1=\\frac{12}{13},P_2=\\frac{7}{8}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +357 "为加强环境保护,治理空气污染,环境监测部门对某市空气质量进行调研,随机抽查了100天空气中的PM2.5和SO2浓度(单位:\mu g/m^3),得下表: + +|SO2/PM2.5 | [0,50] | (50,150] | (150,475] | +|:---:|:---:|:---:|:---:| +|[0,35]| 32 | 18 | 4 | +|(35,75]| 6 | 8 | 12 | +|(75,115]| 3 | 7 | 10 | + +$附:K^2=\frac{n(ad-bc)^2}{(a+b)(c+d)(a+c)(b+d)}$ + +| $P(K^2\geq k)$ | 0.050 | 0.010 | 0.001 | +|:---:|:---:|:---:|:---:| +| $k$ | 3.841 | 6.635 | 10.828 | +估计事件“该市一天空气中PM_{2.5}浓度不超过75,且SO_{2}浓度不超过150”的概率;" ['根据抽查数据,该市100天的空气中PM_{2.5}浓度不超过75,且SO_{2}浓度不超过150的天数为32+18+6+8=64,因此,该市一天空气中PM_{2.5}浓度不超过75,且SO_{2}浓度不超过150的概率的估计值为\n\n$\\frac{64}{100}$\n\n=0.64.'] ['$0.64$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +358 "某芯片制造企业使用新技术对某款芯片进行试生产.在试产初期,该款芯片生产有四道工序,前三道工序的生产互不影响,第四道是检测评估工序,包括智能自动检测与人工抽检. + +$附: \chi^2 = \frac{n(ad-bc)^2}{(a+b)(c+d)(a+c)(b+d)}$ + +| $\alpha$ | 0.10 |0.05 | 0.010 | 0.005 | 0.001 | +|------|-------|------|-------|-------|-------| +| $x_\alpha$ | 2.706 |3.841| 6.635 | 7.879 | 10.828| +在试产初期,该款芯片的批次M生产前三道工序的次品率分别为P1=\(\frac{1}{60}\),P2=\(\frac{1}{59}\),P3=\(\frac{1}{58}\). +①求批次M芯片的次品率PM; +②第四道工序中智能自动检测为次品的芯片会被自动淘汰,合格的芯片进入流水线并由工人进行抽查检验.已知批次M的芯片智能自动检测显示合格率为98%,求工人在流水线进行人工抽检时,抽检一个芯片恰为合格品的概率." ['①批次M芯片的次品率为\n$P_{M}=1-(1-P_{1})(1-P_{2})(1-P_{3})=1-\\frac{59}{60}\\times \\frac{58}{59}\\times \\frac{57}{58}=\\frac{1}{20}.$\n\n②设批次M的芯片智能自动检测合格为事件A,人工抽检合格为事件B,\n$由已知得P(A)=\\frac{98}{100},P(AB)=1-P_{M}=1-\\frac{1}{20}=\\frac{19}{20},$\n则工人在流水线进行人工抽检时,抽检一个芯片恰为合格品为事件B|A,\n$P(B|A)=\\frac{P(AB)}{P(A)}=\\frac{19}{20}\\times \\frac{100}{98}=\\frac{95}{98}.$\n\n'] ['P_M=\\frac{1}{20},P(B|A)=\\frac{95}{98}'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +359 "某学生兴趣小组随机调查了某市100天中每天的空气质量等级和当天到某公园锻炼的人次,整理数据得到下表(单位:天): + +|锻炼人次\空气质量等级 | [0,200] | (200,400] | (400,600] | +| --- | --- | --- | --- | +|1(优) | 2 |16 |25 | +|2(良) |5 |10 |12 | +|3(轻度污染) |6 |7 |8 | +|4(中度污染) |7 |2 |0 | + +$附:K^2=\frac{n(ad-bc)^2}{(a+b)(c+d)(a+c)(b+d)}$ + +|$P(K^2\geq k) $|0.050 |0.010 |0.001 | +| --- | --- | --- | --- | +|$k $|3.841 |6.635 |10.828 | +分别估计该市一天的空气质量等级为1,2,3,4的概率;" [': 由所给数据,该市一天的空气质量等级为1,2,3,4的概率的估计值如表:\n\n| 空气质量等级 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |\n|---|---|---|---|---|\n| 概率的估计值 | 0.43 | 0.27 | 0.21 | 0.09 |'] ['0.43, 0.27, 0.21, 0.09'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +360 "某学生兴趣小组随机调查了某市100天中每天的空气质量等级和当天到某公园锻炼的人次,整理数据得到下表(单位:天): + +|锻炼人次\空气质量等级 | [0,200] | (200,400] | (400,600] | +| --- | --- | --- | --- | +|1(优) | 2 |16 |25 | +|2(良) |5 |10 |12 | +|3(轻度污染) |6 |7 |8 | +|4(中度污染) |7 |2 |0 | + +$附:K^2=\frac{n(ad-bc)^2}{(a+b)(c+d)(a+c)(b+d)}$ + +|$P(K^2\geq k) $|0.050 |0.010 |0.001 | +| --- | --- | --- | --- | +|$k $|3.841 |6.635 |10.828 | +求一天中到该公园锻炼的平均人次的估计值(同一组中的数据用该组区间的中点值为代表);" ['$一天中到该公园锻炼的平均人次的估计值为 \\frac{1}{100} \\times (100\\times 20+300\\times 35+500\\times 45)=350.$'] ['$350$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +361 "暑假期间,某学校建议学生保持晨读的习惯,开学后,该校对高二、高三随机抽取200名学生(该学校学生总数较多),调查日均晨读时间,数据如表: + +|日均晨读时间/分钟 |[0,10)|[10,20)|[20,30)|[30,40)|[40,50)|[50,60]| +|----------------|-------|--------|--------|--------|--------|------| +|人数 |5 |10 |25 |50 |50 |60 | + +将学生日均晨读时间在[30,60]上的学生评价为“晨读合格”。 + +$参考公式:\chi^2=\frac{n(ad-bc)^2}{(a+b)(c+d)(a+c)(b+d)},其中n=a+b+c+d.$ + +临界值表: + +|\alpha |0.1 |0.05 |0.01 |0.005 |0.001 | +|------|------|------|------|------|------| +|x_\alpha |2.706 |3.841 |6.635 |7.879 |10.828| +$将上述调查所得到的频率视为概率来估计全校的情况,现在从该校所有学生中,随机抽取2名学生,记所抽取的2人中晨读合格的人数为随机变量 \xi ,求 \xi 的数学期望.$" ['由题意,知学生晨读合格的概率为\n$\\frac{160}{200} = \\frac{4}{5}$\n$易知 \\xi~B \\left(2,\\frac{4}{5}\\right),$\n$所以 P \\left(\\xi =0\\right) = C_0^2 \\cdot \\left(\\frac{4}{5}\\right)^0 \\cdot \\left(\\frac{1}{5}\\right)^2 = \\frac{1}{25},$\n$P \\left(\\xi =1\\right) = C_1^2 \\cdot \\left(\\frac{4}{5}\\right)^1 \\cdot \\left(\\frac{1}{5}\\right)^1 = \\frac{8}{25},$\n$P \\left(\\xi =2\\right) = C_2^2 \\cdot \\left(\\frac{4}{5}\\right)^2 \\cdot \\left(\\frac{1}{5}\\right)^0 = \\frac{16}{25}, $\n$\\xi 的分布列为$\n\n| $\\xi$ | 0 | 1 | 2 |\n| :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: |\n| $P$ | $\\frac{1}{25}$ | $\\frac{8}{25}$ | $\\frac{16}{25}$ |\n\n$所以 E(\\xi ) = 0\\times \\frac{1}{25} + 1\\times \\frac{8}{25} + 2\\times \\frac{16}{25} = \\frac{8}{5}.$\n\n'] ['$\\frac{8}{5}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +362 "某大型企业组织全体员工参加体检,为了解员工的健康状况,企业相关工作人员从中随机抽取了40人的体检报告进行相关指标的分析,按体重“超标”和“不超标”制成2\times 2列联表如下: + +| | 超标 | 不超标 | 合计 | +|-------|------|--------|------| +| 男 | 16 | | 20 | +| 女 | | 15 | | +| 合计 | | | | + +$附: \chi^2 = \frac{n(ad-bc)^2}{(a+b)(c+d)(a+c)(b+d)}, n=a+b+c+d.$ + +| $\alpha$ | 0.1 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.005 | 0.001 | +|-------|--------|--------|--------|--------|--------| +|$x_\alpha$|2.706|3.841|6.635|7.879|10.828| +若以样本估计总体,用频率作为相应事件的概率.现从该大型企业的男、女员工中各随机抽取一名员工的体检报告,求抽到的两人中恰有一人体重超标的概率." ['$由题意知,从男员工中随机抽取一人,体重超标的概率为\\frac{4}{5},不超标的概率为\\frac{1}{5};$\n$从女员工中随机抽取一人,体重超标的概率为\\frac{1}{4},不超标的概率为\\frac{3}{4}.$\n$所以所求概率P=\\frac{4}{5}\\times \\frac{3}{4}+\\frac{1}{5}\\times \\frac{1}{4}=\\frac{13}{20}.$'] ['\\frac{13}{20}'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +363 "足球是一项大众喜爱的运动.2022卡塔尔世界杯揭幕战在2022年11月21日打响,决赛于12月18日晚进行,全程为期28天. +为了解喜爱足球运动是否与性别有关,随机抽取了男性和女性各100名观众进行调查,得到2\times 2列联表如下: + +| | 喜爱足球运动 | 不喜爱足球运动 | 合计 | +|-------|------------|--------------|-----| +| 男性 | 60 | 40 | 100 | +| 女性 | 20 | 80 | 100 | +| 合计 | 80 | 120 | 200 | + +$依据小概率值\alpha=0.001的独立性检验,能否认为喜爱足球运动与性别有关?$" ['零假设 H0:喜爱足球运动与性别无关,\n\n根据列联表数据计算得\n\n$\\chi ^2= \\frac{200 \\times {(60 \\times 80-20 \\times 40)}^2}{100 \\times 100 \\times 80 \\times 120} = \\frac{100}{3} >10.828= x0.001,$\n\n根据小概率值 \\alpha =0.001的独立性检验,我们推断 H0不成立,即认为喜爱足球运动与性别有关,此推断犯错误的概率不超过0.001。'] ['$\\frac{100}{3}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +364 "足球是一项大众喜爱的运动.2022卡塔尔世界杯揭幕战在2022年11月21日打响,决赛于12月18日晚进行,全程为期28天. +$校足球队中的甲、乙、丙、丁四名球员将进行传球训练,第1次由甲将球传出,每次传球时,传球者都等可能地将球传给另外三个人中的任何一人,如此不停地传下去,且假定每次传球都能被接到.记开始传球的人为第1次触球者,第n次触球者是甲的概率记为P_n,即P_1=1.$ + +$求P_3(直接写出结果即可);$" ['$由题意得:第二次触球者为乙,丙,丁中的一个,第二次触球者传给包括甲的三人中的一人,故传给甲的概率为\\frac{1}{3},故P_3=\\frac{1}{3}.$'] ['$\\frac{1}{3}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +365 "$11分制乒乓球比赛,每赢一球得1分,当某局打成10:10平后,每球交换发球权,先多得2分的一方获胜,该局比赛结束.甲、乙两位同学进行单打比赛,假设甲发球时甲得分的概率为0.5,乙发球时甲得分的概率为0.4,各球的结果相互独立.在某局双方10:10平后,甲先发球,两人又打了i个球该局比赛结束.$ +求P(X=2);" ['$X = 2 就是10:10平后,两人又打了2个球该局比赛结束,则这2个球均由甲得分,或者均由乙得分.因此 P(X = 2) = 0.5 \\times 0.4 + (1 - 0.5) \\times (1 - 0.4) = 0.5.$'] ['$0.5$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +366 "$11分制乒乓球比赛,每赢一球得1分,当某局打成10:10平后,每球交换发球权,先多得2分的一方获胜,该局比赛结束.甲、乙两位同学进行单打比赛,假设甲发球时甲得分的概率为0.5,乙发球时甲得分的概率为0.4,各球的结果相互独立.在某局双方10:10平后,甲先发球,两人又打了i个球该局比赛结束.$ +$求事件“X=4且甲获胜”的概率.$" ['X=4且甲获胜,就是10:10平后,两人又打了4个球该局比赛结束,且这4个球的得分情况为前两球是甲、乙各得1分,后两球均为甲得分。\n\n$因此所求概率为[0.5\\times (1-0.4)+(1-0.5)\\times 0.4]\\times 0.5\\times 0.4=0.1.$'] ['$0.1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +367 "$一种微生物群体可以经过自身繁殖不断生存下来,设一个这种微生物为第0代,经过一次繁殖后为第1代,再经过一次繁殖后为第2代\ldots \ldots 该微生物每代繁殖的个数是相互独立的且有相同的分布列,设X表示1个微生物个体繁殖下一代的个数,P(X=i)=p_{i}(i=0,1,2,3).$ +$已知p_{0}=0.4,p_{1}=0.3,p_{2}=0.2,p_{3}=0.1,求E(X);$" ['$E(X) = 0 \\times 0.4 + 1 \\times 0.3 + 2 \\times 0.2 + 3 \\times 0.1=1.$'] ['1'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +368 "$为治疗某种疾病,研制了甲、乙两种新药,希望知道哪种新药更有效,为此进行动物试验.试验方案如下:每一轮选取两只白鼠对药效进行对比试验.对于两只白鼠,随机选一只施以甲药,另一只施以乙药.一轮的治疗结果得出后,再安排下一轮试验.当其中一种药治愈的白鼠比另一种药治愈的白鼠多4只时,就停止试验,并认为治愈只数多的药更有效.为了方便描述问题,约定:对于每轮试验,若施以甲药的白鼠治愈且施以乙药的白鼠未治愈,则甲药得1分,乙药得-1分;若施以乙药的白鼠治愈且施以甲药的白鼠未治愈,则乙药得1分,甲药得-1分;若都治愈或都未治愈,则两种药均得0分.甲、乙两种药的治愈率分别记为\alpha和\beta,一轮试验中甲药的得分记为X。$ +$若甲药、乙药在试验开始时都赋予4分,p_i(i=0,1,\ldots ,8)表示“甲药的累计得分为i时,最终认为甲药比乙药更有效”的概率,则p_0=0,p_8=1,p_i=ap_{i-1}+bp_i+cp_{i+1}(i=1,2,\ldots ,7),其中a=P(X=-1),b=P(X=0),c=P(X=1).假设\alpha =0.5,\beta =0.8.$ + +$求p_4,并根据p_4的���解释这种试验方案的合理性.$" ['$由(i)可得p_{8}=p_{8}-p_{7}+p_{7}-p_{6}+\\ldots +p_{1}-p_{0}+p_{0}=(p_{8}-p_{7})+(p_{7}-p_{6})+\\ldots +(p_{1}-p_{0})=\\frac{4^8-1}{3}p_{1}.$\n$由于p_{8}=1,故p_{1}=\\frac{3}{4^8-1},$\n$所以p_{4}=(p_{4}-p_{3})+(p_{3}-p_{2})+(p_{2}-p_{1})+(p_{1}-p_{0})=\\frac{4^4-1}{3}p_{1}=\\frac{1}{257}.$\n$p_{4}表示最终认为甲药更有效的概率.由计算结果可以看出,在甲药治愈率为0.5,乙药治愈率为0.8时,认为甲药更有效的概率为p_{4}=\\frac{1}{257}\\approx 0.003 9,此时得出错误结论的概率非常小,说明这种试验方案合理.$'] ['p_{4}=\\frac{1}{257}'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +369 "$某地政府为增加农民收入,根据当地地域特点,积极发展农产品加工业.经过市场调查,加工某农产品需投入固定成本2万元,每加工x万千克该农产品,需另投入成本f(x)万元,且f(x)=$ + +$$ +\begin{cases} +\frac{1}{2}x^2+x, & 0b>0)的左焦点为F,左顶点为A,上顶点为B.已知\sqrt{3}|OA|=2|OB|(O为原点)。$ +求椭圆的离心率;" ['$设椭圆的半焦距为c,\\because \\sqrt{3}|OA|=2|OB|,$\n$\\therefore \\sqrt{3} a=2b. 又由 a^2=b^2+c^2,消去b得a^2= \\left(\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}a\\right)^2 + c^2,解得 \\frac{c}{a}= \\frac{1}{2}. \\therefore 椭圆的离心率为 \\frac{1}{2}.$'] ['$\\frac{1}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +373 "$已知椭圆C: \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} =1 (a>b>0)经过点\left(\sqrt{3},\frac{1}{2}\right),其右焦点为F(\sqrt{3},0).$ +求椭圆C的离心率;" ['依题意可得\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}c=\\sqrt{3},\\\\ \\frac{3}{a^2}+\\frac{1}{4b^2}=1,\\\\ a^2=b^2+c^2,\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n解得\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}a=2,\\\\ b=1,\\\\ c=\\sqrt{3},\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n所以椭圆C的方程为\n$$\n\\frac{x^2}{4}\n$$\n+ y^2 = 1,离心率e=\n$$\n\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}\n$$'] ['$\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +374 "$已知椭圆C: \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} =1 (a>b>0)经过点\left(\sqrt{3},\frac{1}{2}\right),其右焦点为F(\sqrt{3},0).$ +$若点P,Q在椭圆C上,右顶点为A,且满足直线AP与AQ的斜率之积为\frac{1}{20}.求\triangle APQ面积的最大值.$" ['$易知直线AP与AQ的斜率同号,所以直线PQ不垂直于x轴,$\n$故可设PQ:y=kx+m,k\\neq 0,P(x_1,y_1),Q(x_2,y_2),$\n\n由\n\\[\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}\\frac{x^2}{4}+y^2=1,\\\\ y=kx+m\\end{matrix}\\right.\n\\]\n$可得,(1+4k^2)x^2+8mkx+4m^2-4=0,$\n$所以x_1+x_2=-\\frac{8mk}{1+4k^2},x_1x_2=\\frac{4m^2-4}{1+4k^2},\\Delta=16(4k^2+1-m^2)>0,由k_{AP}k_{AQ}=\\frac{1}{20},即\\frac{y_1}{x_1-2}\\cdot \\frac{y_2}{x_2-2}=\\frac{1}{20},$\n$可得20(kx_1+m)(kx_2+m)=(x_1-2)(x_2-2),$\n$20k^2x_1x_2+20km(x_1+x_2)+20m^2=x_1x_2-2(x_1+x_2)+4,$\n$20k^2\\frac{4m^2-4}{1+4k^2}+20km\\frac{-8mk}{1+4k^2}+20m^2=\\frac{4m^2-4}{1+4k^2}-2\\frac{-8mk}{1+4k^2}+4,化简得6k^2+mk-m^2=0,所以m=-2k或m=3k,$\n$所以直线PQ:y=k(x-2)或y=k(x+3),因为直线PQ不经过点A,所以直线PQ经过定点(-3,0).$\n$设定点B(-3,0),S_{\\triangle APQ}=|S_{\\triangle ABP}-S_{\\triangle ABQ}|=\\frac{1}{2}|AB||y_1-y_2|=\\frac{5}{2}|k||x_1-x_2|$\n$=\\frac{5}{2}|k\\sqrt{(x_1+x_2)^2-4x_1x_2}$\n$=\\frac{5}{2}|k|\\sqrt{\\left(\\frac{-8km}{1+4k^2}\\right)^2-4 \\times \\frac{4m^2-4}{1+4k^2}}$\n$=\\frac{5|k|}{2}\\cdot \\frac{\\sqrt{16(4k^2+1-m^2)}}{1+4k^2}$\n$=\\frac{10\\sqrt{(1-5k^2)k^2}}{1+4k^2},$\n$因为1-5k^2>0,所以0b>0)的离心率为\frac{\sqrt{6}}{3},且过点(3,1).$ +$斜率为1的直线l与椭圆G交于A、B两点,以AB为底边作等腰三角形,顶点为P(-3,2),求\triangle PAB的面积.$" ['设直线AB的方程为y = x + n,则线段AB的中垂线方程为y = -( x +3)+2,即 y = -x -1.\n\n联立 \n\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\ny=x+n,\\\\ \n\\frac{x^2}{12}+\\frac{y^2}{4}=1,\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n\n$消去 y 整理得 4x^2+6nx+3n^2-12=0,$\n\n$由 \\Delta = (6n)^2 - 4 \\times 4(3n^2-12) >0 得 -40,b>0)的左,右焦点分别是F1,F2,渐近线分别为l1,l2,过F2作渐近线的垂线,垂足为P,且\triangle OPF1的面积为\frac{b^2}{4}.$ +$求双曲线C的离心率;$" ['$由题意易知,PF_2=b, OP=a, 由PF_2 \\perp OP得S_{\\triangle OPF_2}=\\frac{ab}{2}, 又因为S_{\\triangle OPF_1}=S_{\\triangle OPF_2}=\\frac{b^2}{4}, 所以 \\frac{ab}{2}=\\frac{b^2}{4}, 解得 b=2a,则 c=\\sqrt{5}a, 所以双曲线 C 的离心率 e=\\sqrt{5}.$'] ['$\\sqrt{5}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +378 "$已知椭圆 C:\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)的离心率为\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2},长轴端点和短轴端点的距离为\sqrt{5}。$ +$若P为椭圆C上异于椭圆C顶点的任意一点,过点Q(0,-2)且平行于OP的直线l与椭圆C相交于A,B两点(点O为坐标原点),是否存在实数\lambda ,使得 \overrightarrow{QA} \cdot \overrightarrow{QB} = \lambda \overrightarrow{OP}^2 成立?若存在,求出\lambda 的值;若不存在,请说明理由.$" ['$存在.因为P是椭圆C上异于椭圆C顶点的任意一点,且l\\parallel OP,所以直线l的斜率存在且不为0. $\n$设过点Q(0,-2)的直线l的方程为y=kx-2,A(x_1,y_1),B(x_2,y_2).由$\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\ny=kx-2,\\\\ \nx^2+4y^2=4\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n$消去y得(1+4k^2)x^2-16kx+12=0,则\\Delta =(-16k)^2-4\\times 12\\times (1+4k^2)>0\\Rightarrow 4k^2>3,$\n$x_1+x_2 = \\frac{16k}{1+4k^2},$\n$x_1x_2 = \\frac{12}{1+4k^2},$\n$|QA|\\cdot |QB| = \\sqrt{1+k^2}|x_1-x_Q|\\cdot \\sqrt{1+k^2}|x_2-x_Q|=(1+k^2)\\cdot |x_1x_2|. $\n由\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\ny_P=kx_P,\\\\ \nx^2_P+4y^2_P=4\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n$得x^2_P = \\frac{4}{1+4k^2},所以|OP|^2=(1+k^2)x^2_P=(1+k^2)\\frac{4}{1+4k^2},又因为\\overrightarrow{QA}\\cdot \\overrightarrow{QB} = \\lambda \\overrightarrow{OP}^2,所以|QA|\\cdot |QB| = \\lambda |OP|^2,所以|x_1x_2| = \\lambda x^2_P,即\\frac{12}{1+4k^2} = \\frac{4\\lambda }{1+4k^2},解得\\lambda =3. $\n$故存在实数\\lambda ,使得\\overrightarrow{QA}\\cdot \\overrightarrow{QB} = \\lambda \\overrightarrow{OP}^2成立,且\\lambda =3.$'] ['$$\\lambda $=3$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +379 "$已知F_1(-c, 0),F_2(c, 0)分别为椭圆C:\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)的左,右焦点,P(c, \frac{3c}{2})是椭圆C上一点,且\overrightarrow{PF_1}\cdot \overrightarrow{PF_2}=\frac{9}{4}。$ +$过点F_2的直线与椭圆C交于A,B两点,试问:是否存在定点G(x_0,0),使得\overrightarrow{GA} \cdot \overrightarrow{GB}为定值?若存在,求出x_0的值;若不存在,请说明理由.$" ['$存在.若直线AB的斜率不存在,即直线AB的方程为x=1,令A (1,\\frac{3}{2}), B (1,-\\frac{3}{2}),则 \\overrightarrow{GA}\\cdot \\overrightarrow{GB}=(x_0-1)^2-\\frac{9}{4}. $\n\n若直线AB的斜率存在,设AB的方程为y=k(x-1),\n\n$A(x_1,y_1),B(x_2,y_2),由 \\left\\{\\begin{matrix}\\frac{x^2}{4}+\\frac{y^2}{3}=1,\\\\ y=k(x-1)\\end{matrix}\\right. 得(4k^2+3)x^2-8k^2x+4k^2-12=0, 则\\Delta =64k^4-4(4k^2+3)(4k^2-12)>0,$\n\n$x_1+x_2=\\frac{8k^2}{4k^2+3}, x_1x_2=\\frac{4k^2-12}{4k^2+3}. $\n\n$所以 \\overrightarrow{GA}=(x_1-x_0, y_1),\\overrightarrow{GB}=(x_2-x_0, y_2), 则 \\overrightarrow{GA}\\cdot \\overrightarrow{GB}=x_1x_2-(x_1+x_2)x_0+x_0^2+k^2(x_1-1)(x_2-1)=(k^2+1)x_1x_2-(x_0+k^2)\\cdot (x_1+x_2)+k^2+x_0^2=\\frac{(4x_0^2-8x_0-5)k^2+3x_0^2-12}{4k^2+3},$\n\n$因为 \\overrightarrow{GA}\\cdot \\overrightarrow{GB}为定值,所以 \\frac{4x_0^2-8x_0-5}{4}= \\frac{3x_0^2-12}{3},解得x_0=\\frac{11}{8},定值为- \\frac{135}{64},$\n\n$而 x_0=\\frac{11}{8}时,(x_0-1)^2-\\frac{9}{4}=-\\frac{135}{64},$\n\n$故存在定点G,使得\\overrightarrow{GA}\\cdot \\overrightarrow{GB}为定值,此时 x_0=\\frac{11}{8}。$'] ['$x_0=\\frac{11}{8}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +380 "$设F为椭圆C:x^2/2+y^2=1的右焦点,过点F且与x轴不重合的直线l交椭圆C于A,B两点。$ +$当\overrightarrow{BF}=2\overrightarrow{FA}时,求|\overrightarrow{FA}|;$" ['$由题意知F(1,0).设直线l的方程为x=my+1, A(x_1,y_1),B(x_2,y_2),$\n联立\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x=my+1,\\\\ x^2+2y^2=2,\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n$消x得(m^2+2)y^2+2my-1=0,$\n$则y_1+y_2=-\\frac{2m}{m^2+2}, y_1y_2=\\frac{-1}{m^2+2}.$\n$因为\\overrightarrow{BF}=2\\overrightarrow{FA},所以(1-x_2,-y_2)=2(x_1-1,y_1),所以-y_2=2y_1,解得m^2=\\frac{2}{7},则|y_1|=\\frac{2|m|}{m^2+2}=\\frac{\\sqrt{14}}{8},$\n$所以|\\overrightarrow{FA}|=\\sqrt{1+m^2}|y_1|=\\frac{3\\sqrt{2}}{8}.$'] ['$\\frac{3\\sqrt{2}}{8}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +381 "$已知点F_1是椭圆C:x^2/4+y^2/3=1的左焦点,Q是椭圆C上的任意一点,A(\frac{1}{2},1).$ +$求|QF_1|+|QA|的最大值;$" ['$由椭圆方程知 a=2,b=\\sqrt{3},\\therefore c=\\sqrt{a^2-b^2}=1,则 F_1(-1,0),设右焦点为 F_2,则 F_2(1,0).$\n$由椭圆定义知 |QF_1|=2a - |QF_2|=4-|QF_2|,$\n$\\therefore |QF_1| + |QA| = |QA| - |QF_2| + 4,$\n$\\because |QA| - |QF_2|\\leq |F_2A| (当且仅当 A, F_2, Q 三点共线,即与图中 T 点重合时取等号),$\n$又 |F_2A|=\\sqrt{\\left(\\frac{1}{2}-1\\right)^2 + {(1-0)}^2} = \\frac{\\sqrt{5}}{2},$\n$\\therefore |QF_1| + |QA| 的最大值为 4+ \\frac{\\sqrt{5}}{2}.$\n'] ['$4+ \\frac{\\sqrt{5}}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +382 "$已知点F_1是椭圆C:x^2/4+y^2/3=1的左焦点,Q是椭圆C上的任意一点,A(\frac{1}{2},1).$ +$过点F_1的直线l与椭圆C相交于两点M,N,与y轴相交于点P.若\overrightarrow{PM}=\lambda\overrightarrow{MF_1},\overrightarrow{PN}=\mu\overrightarrow{NF_1},试问:\lambda+\mu是不是定值?若是,求出该定值;若不是,请说明理由.$" ['$由题意知直线l的斜率存在,设l:y=k(x+1),M(x_1, y_1),N(x_2, y_2),则P(0, k),$\n\n由\n\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}y=k(x+1),\\\\ \\frac{x^2}{4}+\\frac{y^2}{3}=1\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n\n$消y得(3+4k^2)x^2+8k^2x+4k^2-12=0,$\n\n$\\therefore x_1+x_2=-\\frac{8k^2}{3+4k^2},x_1x_2=\\frac{4k^2-12}{3+4k^2}.$\n\n$\\because \\overrightarrow{PM}=\\lambda \\overrightarrow{MF_1},即(x_1,y_1-k)=\\lambda (-1-x_1,-y_1),$\n\n$则\\lambda =-\\frac{x_1}{1+x_1},同理可得\\mu =-\\frac{x_2}{1+x_2},$\n\n$\\therefore \\lambda +\\mu =-\\frac{x_1}{1+x_1}-\\frac{x_2}{1+x_2}=-\\frac{x_1(1+x_2)+x_2(1+x_1)}{(1+x_1)(1+x_2)}=-\\frac{2x_1x_2+(x_1+x_2)}{x_1x_2+(x_1+x_2)+1}=-\\frac{\\frac{8k^2-24}{3+4k^2}-\\frac{8k^2}{3+4k^2}}{\\frac{4k^2-12}{3+4k^2}-\\frac{8k^2}{3+4k^2}+1}=-\\frac{8k^2-24-8k^2}{4k^2-12-8k^2+3+4k^2}=-\\frac{8}{3},$\n\n$\\therefore \\lambda +\\mu 是定值-\\frac{8}{3}.$'] ['$-\\frac{8}{3}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +383 "$已知椭圆𝐶:𝑥^2/𝑎^2 + 𝑦^2/𝑏^2 = 1(𝑎 > 𝑏 > 0)的长轴长为4,𝑃在𝐶上运动,𝐹1,𝐹2为𝐶的两个焦点,且\cos \angle 𝐹1𝑃𝐹2的最小值为1/2.$ +$已知过点M(0,m)(-b0恒成立,$\n\n$设A(x_1,y_1),B(x_2,y_2),则N\\left(\\frac{x_1+x_2}{2},\\frac{y_1+y_2}{2}\\right),$\n\n$且x_1+x_2=\\frac{-8km}{4k^2+3},x_1x_2=\\frac{4m^2-12}{4k^2+3}.$\n\n$\\overrightarrow{OA}\\cdot \\overrightarrow{OB}-\\overrightarrow{OM}\\cdot \\overrightarrow{ON}=x_1x_2+y_1y_2-m\\cdot\\frac{y_1+y_2}{2}$\n\n$=x_1x_2+(kx_1+m)(kx_2+m)-\\frac{m}{2}(kx_1+m+kx_2+m)$\n\n$= (k^2+1)x_1x_2+\\frac{km}{2}(x_1+x_2) =(k^2+1)\\frac{4m^2-12}{4k^2+3}+\\frac{km}{2}\\cdot\\frac{-8km}{4k^2+3}$\n\n$=\\frac{-12k^2+4m^2-12}{4k^2+3}=\\frac{-3(4k^2+3)+4m^2-3}{4k^2+3}=-3+\\frac{4m^2-3}{4k^2+3},$\n\n$要使上式为常数,必须且只需4m^2-3=0,即m=\\pm\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}\\in (-\\sqrt{3},\\sqrt{3}).$\n\n$此时\\overrightarrow{OA}\\cdot \\overrightarrow{OB}-\\overrightarrow{OM}\\cdot \\overrightarrow{ON}=-3为定值,符合题意.$\n\n$综上,当m=\\pm\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}时,能使得\\overrightarrow{OA}\\cdot \\overrightarrow{OB}-\\overrightarrow{OM}\\cdot \\overrightarrow{ON}=-3.$'] ['$m=\\pm\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +384 "$已知两点M(0,-4),N(0,4),动点P在x轴的投影为Q,且 \overrightarrow{PM}\cdot \overrightarrow{PN}=3\overrightarrow{PQ}^2,记动点P的轨迹为曲线C。$ +$过点F(2\sqrt{6},0)的直线与曲线C在y轴右侧相交于A,B两点,线段AB的垂直平分线与x轴相交于点H,试问\frac{|AB|}{|FH|}是不是定值?若是,求出该定值;若不是,请说明理由.$" ['$由题可知直线AB的斜率一定存在,且不为0,设直线AB的方程为y=k(x-2 \\sqrt{6}),A(x1,y1),B(x2,y2).$\n联立\n\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}y=k(x-2\\sqrt{6}),\\\\ \\frac{x^2}{16}-\\frac{y^2}{8}=1,\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n\n$消去y整理得(1-2k2)x2+8 \\sqrt{6} k2x-48k2-16=0,$\n则\n\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}\\mathit{ \\Delta} =384k^4+(1-2k^2)(192k^2+64)>0,\\\\ x_1+x_2=\\frac{-8\\sqrt{6}k^2}{1-2k^2}>0,\\\\ x_1x_2=\\frac{-48k^2-16}{1-2k^2}>0,\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n\n$整理得k2> \\frac{1}{2}.$\n$\\frac{x_1+x_2}{2} =- \\frac{4\\sqrt{6}k^2}{1-2k^2} , \\frac{y_1+y_2}{2} =- \\frac{2\\sqrt{6}k}{1-2k^2} ,$\n$则线段AB的垂直平分线的方程为y+ \\frac{2\\sqrt{6}k}{1-2k^2} =- \\frac{1}{k} \\left(x+\\frac{4\\sqrt{6}k^2}{1-2k^2}\\right) ,$\n$令y=0,得x=- \\frac{6\\sqrt{6}k^2}{1-2k^2} ,则H \\left(-\\frac{6\\sqrt{6}k^2}{1-2k^2},0\\right) ,$\n$|FH|= \\left|2\\sqrt{6}+\\frac{6\\sqrt{6}k^2}{1-2k^2}\\right| = \\left|\\frac{2\\sqrt{6}(1+k^2)}{1-2k^2}\\right| .$\n$又|AB|= \\sqrt{1+k^2} \\cdot \\sqrt{{(x_1+x_2)}^2-4x_1x_2}$\n$= \\sqrt{1+k^2} \\cdot \\sqrt{{\\left(\\frac{-8\\sqrt{6}k^2}{1-2k^2}\\right)}^2-4 \\cdot \\frac{-48k^2-16}{1-2k^2}}$\n$= \\sqrt{1+k^2} \\cdot \\sqrt{\\frac{384k^4}{{(1-2k^2)}^2}+\\frac{(192k^2+64)(1-2k^2)}{{(1-2k^2)}^2}}$\n$= \\left|\\frac{8(1+k^2)}{1-2k^2}\\right| ,$\n$所以 \\frac{|AB|}{|FH|} = \\frac{8}{2\\sqrt{6}} = \\frac{2\\sqrt{6}}{3} .故 \\frac{|AB|}{|FH|} 是定值,该定值为 \\frac{2\\sqrt{6}}{3} .$'] ['$\\frac{2\\sqrt{6}}{3}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +385 "$已知椭圆C:\frac{y^2}{a^2} + \frac{x^2}{b^2} = 1 (a > b > 0)的离心率为\frac{\sqrt{6}}{3},且经过点P(1, \sqrt{3}).$ +A、B为椭圆C上两点,直线PA与PB的倾斜角互补,求\triangle PAB面积的最大值." ['由题意可知直线AB的斜率一定存在.\n设直线AB的方程为y=kx+t,A(x_1,y_1),B(x_2,y_2),\n$将y=kx+t代入\\frac{y^2}{6}+\\frac{x^2}{2}=1得(k^2+3)x^2+2ktx+t^2-6=0,$\n由\\Delta =4k^2t^2-4(k^2+3)(t^2-6)>0得6k^2-3t^2+18>0.\n$x_1+x_2=\\frac{-2kt}{k^2+3},x_1x_2=\\frac{t^2-6}{k^2+3}. $\n\n$\\because 直线PA和直线PB的倾斜角互补,\\therefore k_PA=-k_PB,即\\frac{y_1-\\sqrt{3}}{x_1-1}=-\\frac{y_2-\\sqrt{3}}{x_2-1},$\n$化简可得2\\sqrt{3}+x_1y_2+x_2y_1=(y_1+y_2)+\\sqrt{3}(x_1+x_2), $\n\n$\\because y_1+y_2=kx_1+t+kx_2+t=k(x_1+x_2)+2t=\\frac{6t}{k^2+3},$\n$x_1y_2+x_2y_1=x_1(kx_2+t)+x_2(kx_1+t)=2kx_1x_2+t(x_1+x_2)=\\frac{-12k}{k^2+3}, $\n\n$\\therefore 2\\sqrt{3}+ \\frac{-12k}{k^2+3}=\\frac{6t}{k^2+3}+\\sqrt{3}\\cdot \\frac{-2kt}{k^2+3},$\n$化简得(k-\\sqrt{3})(k+t-\\sqrt{3})=0, $\n\n$\\because 直线AB不过点P,\\therefore k=\\sqrt{3}, $\n$\\therefore x_1+x_2=\\frac{-\\sqrt{3}t}{3},x_1x_2=\\frac{t^2-6}{6}, $\n$-2\\sqrt{3} b > 0)的两个焦点,P为C上的点,O为坐标原点.$ +$若\triangle POF_2为等边三角形,求C的离心率;$" ['$连接PF_1.由\\triangle POF_2为等边三角形可知,在\\triangle F_1PF_2中,\\angle F_1PF_2=90^\\circ ,|PF_2|=c,|PF_1|= \\sqrt{3}c,因此2a=|PF_1|+|PF_2|=(\\sqrt{3}+1)c。$\n\n$故C的离心率e= \\frac{c}{a}= \\sqrt{3}-1.$'] ['$\\sqrt{3}-1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +387 "$已知椭圆C:\frac{y^2}{a^2}+\frac{x^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)的离心率为\frac{\sqrt{6}}{3},且经过点P(1,\sqrt{3})。$ +$已知A,B为椭圆C上两点,直线PA与PB的倾斜角互补,求\triangle PAB面积的最大值.$" ['由题意可知直线AB的斜率一定存在,\n$设直线AB的方程为y=kx+t,A(x_1,y_1),B(x_2,y_2),$\n$将y=kx+t代入\\frac{y^2}{6}+\\frac{x^2}{2}=1得(k^2+3)x^2+2ktx+t^2-6=0,$\n$\\therefore x1+x2=\\frac{-2kt}{k^2+3},x1x2=\\frac{t^2-6}{k^2+3},$\n$\\therefore y1+y2=kx1+t+kx2+t=k(x1+x2)+2t=\\frac{6t}{k^2+3},$\n$x1y2+x2y1=x1(kx2+t)+x2(kx1+t)=t(x1+x2)+2kx1x2=\\frac{-12k}{k^2+3},$\n$\\because 直线PA和直线PB的倾斜角互补,$ \n$\\therefore k_PA=-k_PB,即 \\frac{y_1-\\sqrt{3}}{x_1-1}= -\\frac{y_2-\\sqrt{3}}{x_2-1},$\n$\\therefore 2\\sqrt{3}+x1y2+x2y1=(y1+y2)+\\sqrt{3}(x1+x2),$\n$即2\\sqrt{3}+\\frac{-12k}{k^2+3}= \\frac{6t}{k^2+3} + \\sqrt{3}\\cdot \\frac{-2kt}{k^2+3},$\n$即(k-\\sqrt{3})(k+t-\\sqrt{3})=0,$\n$\\because 直线AB不过点P,\\therefore k=\\sqrt{3},$\n$\\therefore x1+x2=\\frac{-\\sqrt{3}t}{3},x1x2=\\frac{t^2-6}{6},$\n$\\therefore |AB|=\\sqrt{1+(\\sqrt{3})^2}\\sqrt{(x_1+x_2)^2-4x_1x_2}= \\frac{2\\sqrt{3}\\sqrt{12-t^2}}{3},$\n$又点P到直线AB的距离为\\frac{|t|}{2},$\n$由\\Delta =12t^2-24(t^2-6)>0,得-2\\sqrt{3}0,b>0) 的左焦点为 F,右顶点为 A,渐近线方程为 y=\pm\sqrt{3}x,F到渐近线的距离为 \sqrt{3}.$ +$若直线l过F,且与C交于P,Q两点(异于C的两个顶点),直线x=t与直线AP,AQ的交点分别为M,N.是否存在实数t,使得|\overrightarrow{FM}+\overrightarrow{FN}|=|\overrightarrow{FM}-\overrightarrow{FN}|?若存在,求出t的值;若不存在,请说明理由.$" ['$设直线l的方程为x=my-2,$\n\n联立\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}\nx=my-2,\\\\\nx^2-\\frac{y^2}{3}=1,\n\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n$整理得(3m^2-1)y^2-12my+9=0,$\n\n$设P(x_1,y_1),Q(x_2,y_2),$\n\n$则y_1+y_2=\\frac{12m}{3m^2-1}, y_1y_2=\\frac{9}{3m^2-1},$\n\n$所以x_1+x_2=m(y_1+y_2)-4=\\frac{4}{3m^2-1},x_1x_2=m^2y_1y_2-2m(y_1+y_2)+4=\\frac{-3m^2-4}{3m^2-1}。$\n\n$假设存在实数t,使得|\\overrightarrow{FM}+\\overrightarrow{FN}|=|\\overrightarrow{FM}-\\overrightarrow{FN}|,$\n\n$则\\overrightarrow{FM}\\cdot \\overrightarrow{FN}=0,$\n\n$直线AP的方程为y=\\frac{y_1}{x_1-1}(x-1),$\n\n$令x=t,得M\\left(t,\\frac{y_1}{x_1-1}(t-1)\\right),$\n\n$直线AQ的方程为y=\\frac{y_2}{x_2-1}(x-1),令x=t,得N\\left(t,\\frac{y_2}{x_2-1}(t-1)\\right),$\n\n$所以\\overrightarrow{FM}\\cdot \\overrightarrow{FN}=\\left(t+2,\\frac{y_1}{x_1-1}(t-1)\\right)\\cdot \\left(t+2,\\frac{y_2}{x_2-1}(t-1)\\right)=0,$\n\n$即(t+2)^2+\\frac{y_1y_2}{(x_1-1)(x_2-1)}(t-1)^2=0,$\n\n$则(t+2)^2+\\frac{\\frac{9}{3m^2-1}}{\\frac{-3m^2-4}{3m^2-1}-\\frac{4}{3m^2-1}+1}(t-1)^2=0,$\n\n$即(t+2)^2-(t-1)^2=0,解得t=-\\frac{1}{2},$\n\n$故存在实数t=-\\frac{1}{2},使得|\\overrightarrow{FM}+\\overrightarrow{FN}|=|\\overrightarrow{FM}-\\overrightarrow{FN}|.$'] ['$t=-\\frac{1}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +390 "$已知椭圆 C_1:\frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (a > b > 0) 的右焦点 F 与抛物线 C_2 的焦点重合,C_1 的中心与 C_2 的顶点重合. 过 F 且与 x 轴垂直的直线交 C_1 于 A ,B 两点,交 C_2 于 C ,D 两点,且 |CD| = \frac{4}{3} |AB|.$ +$求C_1的离心率;$" ['$由已知可设iC_2的方程为y^2=4cx,其中c= \\sqrt{a^2-b^2}.$\n$不妨设iA,iC在第一象限,由题设得iA,iB的纵坐标分别为\\frac{b^2}{a},-\\frac{b^2}{a};iC,iD的纵坐标分别为2c,-2c,故|iAB|=\\frac{2b^2}{a},|iCD|=4c.$\n$由|iCD|=\\frac{4}{3}|iAB|得4c=\\frac{8b^2}{3a},即3\\times \\frac{c}{a}=2-2(\\frac{c}{a})^2,解得\\frac{c}{a}=-2(舍去)或\\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{1}{2}.$\n$所以iC_1的离心率为\\frac{1}{2}.$'] ['$\\frac{1}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +391 "$已知椭圆C: \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2}=1 (a > b > 0), F_1,F_2 为C的左,右焦点,点P \left(1,-\frac{3}{2}\right) 为椭圆上一点,且|PF_1|+|PF_2|=4. 过P作两直线与椭圆C相交于相异的两点A,B,直线PA、PB的倾斜角互补,直线AB与x,y轴正半轴相交.$ +求直线AB的斜率." ['$设A(x_1,y_1),B(x_2,y_2).$\n\n$因为直线PA、PB的倾斜角互补,且A,B是不同的点,所以直线PA、PB都必须有斜率,$\n\n$设直线PA方程为y=k(x-1)-\\frac{3}{2},$\n\n$联立,整理得 (3+4k^2)x^2-(8k^2+12k)x+4k^2+12k-3=0。$\n\n$当\\Delta>0时,可得x_1+1=\\frac{8k^2+12k}{3+4k^2},所以x_1=\\frac{4k^2+12k-3}{3+4k^2},$\n\n$代入直线PA的方程可得y_1=\\frac{12k^2-12k-9}{6+8k^2},$\n\n$即A(\\frac{4k^2+12k-3}{3+4k^2},\\frac{12k^2-12k-9}{6+8k^2}),因为直线PA、PB的倾斜角互补,所以直线PA与直线PB的斜率互为相反数,同理,可得B(\\frac{4k^2-12k-3}{3+4k^2},\\frac{12k^2+12k-9}{6+8k^2}),$\n\n$所以k_{AB}=\\frac{y_2-y_1}{x_2-x_1}=-\\frac{1}{2},所以直线AB的斜率为-\\frac{1}{2}。$'] ['$-\\frac{1}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +392 "$已知函数f(x)=e^{x}-ax-1.$ +$当a=1时,求f(x)的极值;$" "[""$当a=1时, f(x)=e^x-x-1,$\n$所以f' (x)=e^x-1,$\n$当x<0时f' (x)<0,当x>0时f' (x)>0,$\n$所以f(x)在(-\\infty ,0)上单调递减,在(0,+\\infty )上单调递增,$\n$所以当x>=0时函数f(x)有极小值f(0)=0,无极大值.$""]" ['$f(0)=0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +393 "$已知函数 f(x) = \sin x - x\cos x.$ +$求f '(\pi );$" "[""$f'(x) = \\cos x - (\\cos x - xsin x) = xsin x$\n\n$f'(\\pi ) = 0$""]" ['$0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +394 "$已知函数 f(x) = \sin x - x\cos x.$ +$若f(x) > kx - xcos x对x \in \left(0, \frac{\pi }{2}\right)恒成立,求实数k的最大值.$" "[""$原命题等价于\\sin x > kx 对 x \\in (0,\\frac{\\pi}{2}) 恒成立,$\n$即 k < \\frac{\\sin x}{x} 对 x \\in (0,\\frac{\\pi }{2}) 恒成立,$\n\n$令 h(x) = \\frac{\\sin x}{x} ,则 h'(x) = \\frac{x\\cos x-\\sin x}{x^2} = -\\frac{f(x)}{x^2},$\n\n$易知 f'(x) = xsin x > 0,即 f(x) 在 (0,\\frac{\\pi }{2}) 上单调递增,$\n$所以 f(x) > f(0) = 0,所以 h'(x) < 0,$\n$故 h(x) 在 (0,\\frac{\\pi }{2}) 上单调递减,所以 h_{min} = h(\\frac{\\pi }{2}) = \\frac{2}{\\pi }.$\n$所以 k \\leq \\frac{2}{\\pi }.$\n$故 k 的最大值为 \\frac{2}{\\pi }.$""]" ['$\\frac{2}{\\pi }$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +395 "$已知函数f(x) = \tan x - kx^3 - x,k \in R.$ +$若f(x)>0对x\in (0,\frac{\pi}{2})恒成立,求实数k的最大值.$" "[""$由(2)可知,当k\\leq\\frac{1}{3}时, f(x)\\geq\\tan x-\\frac{1}{3}x^3-x>0对x\\in (0,\\frac{\\pi }{2})恒成立.当k>\\frac{1}{3}时,f'(x)=\\frac{1}{{\\cos }^2x}-3kx^2-1=\\frac{\\sin ^2x-3kx^2\\cos ^2x}{\\cos ^2x}=\\frac{(\\sin x-\\sqrt{3k}x\\cos x)(\\sin x+\\sqrt{3k}x\\cos x)}{{\\cos }^2x}.设g(x)=\\sin x-\\sqrt{3k}xcos x,则g'(x)=\\cos x-\\sqrt{3k}cos x+\\sqrt{3k}xsin x=(1-\\sqrt{3k})cos x+\\sqrt{3k}xsin x.由于x\\in (0,\\frac{\\pi }{2}),所以g'(x)=(1-\\sqrt{3k})cos x+\\sqrt{3k}xsin x<(1-\\sqrt{3k})cos x+\\sqrt{3k}\\cdot\\frac{\\pi }{2}\\cdot sin x.(1-\\sqrt{3k})\\cos x+\\frac{\\sqrt{3k}\\pi }{2}sin x=\\sqrt{{(\\sqrt{3k}-1)}^2+{\\left(\\frac{\\sqrt{3k}\\pi }{2}\\right)}^2}\\cdot \\sin (x-\\phi ),其中\\phi \\in (0,\\frac{\\pi }{2})且tan \\phi =\\frac{2(\\sqrt{3k}-1)}{\\sqrt{3k}\\pi }>0.取x_0=\\phi ,当x\\in (0,x_0)时,g'(x)<0,g(x)在区间(0,x_0)上单调递减,所以当x\\in (0,x_0)时,g(x)0,所以当x\\in (0,x_0)时, f'(x)<0.所以f(x)在区间(0,x_0)上单调递减.所以当x\\in (0,x_0)时, f(x)\\frac{1}{3}时, f(x)>0并非对x\\in (0,\\frac{\\pi }{2})恒成立.综上可知,k的最大值为\\frac{1}{3}.$""]" ['$\\frac{1}{3}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +396 "$已知函数f(x)=(x+a)\ln x-x+1.$ +$若曲线y=f(x)在点(e, f(e))处的切线斜率为1,求实数a的值;$" "[""$因为 f'(x) = \\ln x + \\frac{a}{x}.$\n\n$所以 f'(e)= \\ln e + \\frac{a}{e} = 1,$\n\n$解得 a=0.$""]" ['$a=0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +397 "$已知函数f(x) = \frac{x+1}{e^x}.$ +$求函数f(x)的极值;$" "[""$f '(x)=-\\frac{x}{\\mathrm{e}^x} .令f '(x)=0,解得x=0.$\n\n$随x的变化,f '(x)和f(x)的变化情况如下:$\n\n| x |$ (-\\infty ,0)$ | 0 | $(0,+\\infty )$ |\n|:-:|:-----:|:-:|:------:|\n|$f '(x)$ | + | 0 | - |\n|$f(x)$ |$ \\text{单调递增}$ | 极大值 | $\\text{单调递减} $|\n\n$故函数f(x)在x=0处取得极大值, f(0)=1,无极小值.$\n\n解后反思\n\n$先求导,根据f '(x)和f(x)随x变化的情况表,求得极值。$""]" ['f(0)=1'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +398 "$已知函数f(x)=(2+x+ax^2)\cdot \ln(1+x)-2x.$ +$若x=0是f(x)的极大值点,求a。$" "[""$(i) 若a\\geq 0,由(1)知,当x>0时, f(x)\\geq (2+x)ln(1+x)-2x>0=f(0),这与x=0是f(x)的极大值点矛盾.$\n$(ii) 若a<0,设函数h(x)=\\frac{f(x)}{2+x+ax^2}=ln(1+x)-\\frac{2x}{2+x+ax^2}.$\n$由于当|x|0,故h(x)与f(x)符号相同.$\n$又h(0)=f(0)=0,故x=0是f(x)的极大值点,当且仅当x=0是h(x)的极大值点.$\n$h'(x)=\\frac{1}{1+x}-\\frac{2(2+x+ax^2)-2x(1+2ax)}{(2+x+ax^2)^2}=\\frac{x^2(a^2x^2+4ax+6a+1)}{(x+1)(ax^2+x+2)^2}.$\n$若6a+1>0,则当00,故x=0不是h(x)的极大值点.$\n$若6a+1<0,则a^2x^2+4ax+6a+1=0存在根x_1<0,故当x\\in (x_1,0),且|x|0;$\n$当x\\in (0,1)时,h'(x)<0.$\n$所以x=0是h(x)的极大值点,从而x=0是f(x)的极大值点.$\n$综上,a=-\\frac{1}{6}.$""]" ['$a=-\\frac{1}{6}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +399 "$已知函数f(x) = x^3 - 3x^2 + ax + 4, a \in R.$ +$当a=2时,求f(x)在区间[\frac{1}{2},3]上的最大值;$" "[""$当a=2时, f(x)=x^3-3x^2+2x+4,$\n\n$f'(x)=3x^2-6x+2,$\n\n$令f'(x)=0,得x_1=1-\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{3},x_2=1+\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{3},$\n\n$因为1-\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{3} < \\frac{1}{2} < 1+\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{3} < 3,$\n\n$所以f(x)与f'(x)在区间[\\frac{1}{2},3]的变化情况如下:$\n\n$| x | [\\frac{1}{2},1+\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{3}) | 1+\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{3} | (1+\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{3},3] |$\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n$| f'(x) | - | 0 | + |$\n$| f(x) | \\text{单调递减} | 极小值 | \\text{单调递增} |$\n\n$又f\\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)=\\frac{35}{8}, f(3)=10,所以f\\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right) < f(3),$\n\n$所以f(x)在区间[\\frac{1}{2},3]上的最大值为f(3)=10.$""]" ['10'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +400 "$已知函数f(x)=x^{2}+2me^{x}.$ +$当m=1时,求曲线y=f(x)在(0, f(0))处的切线与两坐标轴围成的三角形的面积;$" "[""$当m=1时, f(x)=x^2+2e^x, f'(x)=2x+2e^x$\n$所以f(0)=2,切线的斜率k=f'(0)=2,$\n$所以切线方程是y=2x+2,$\n$切线与x轴交于点(-1,0),与y轴交于点(0,2),$\n$所以切线与两坐标轴围成的三角形的面积为 \\frac{1}{2}\\times 1\\times 2=1.$""]" ['$1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +401 "$已知函数f(x)=ax-\frac{1}{x}-(a+1)\ln x, a\in R.$ +$若a > \frac{1}{e},判断函数g(x) = x[f(x)+a+1]的零点的个数.$" "[""$g(x)=ax^2-(a+1)xln x+(a+1)x-1,x \\in (0, +\\infty ). $\n\n$所以 g'(x)=2ax-(a+1)ln x. $\n\n$设 m(x)=2ax-(a+1)ln x,$\n\n$则 m'(x)=2a-\\frac{a+1}{x}=\\frac{2ax-(a+1)}{x}. $\n\n$令 m'(x)=0,得 x=\\frac{a+1}{2a}. $\n\n$当0\\frac{a+1}{2a} 时, m'(x)>0。$\n\n$所以 g'(x) 在 (0,\\frac{a+1}{2a}) 上单调递减,在 (\\frac{a+1}{2a},+\\infty) 上单调递增.$\n\n$所以 g'(x) 的最小值为 g'\\left(\\frac{a+1}{2a}\\right)=(a+1)\\left(1-ln\\frac{a+1}{2a}\\right). $\n\n$因为 a>\\frac{1}{e} ,所以 \\frac{a+1}{2a}=\\frac{1}{2}+\\frac{1}{2a}<\\frac{1}{2}+\\frac{e}{2}0. $\n\n$从而, g(x) 在区间(0, +\\infty )上单调递增. $\n\n$g\\left(\\frac{1}{e^{5}a^{2}}\\right)=\\frac{1}{e^{10}a^{3}}+\\frac{a+1}{e^{5}a^{2}}(6+2ln a)-1,$\n\n$设 h(a)=e^3a-(2ln a+6),则 h'(a)=e^3-\\frac{2}{a}. $\n\n$令 h'(a)=0 得 a=\\frac{2}{e^3}. 由 h'(a)<0,得00,得 a>\\frac{2}{e^3}. $\n\n$所以 h(a) 在 (0,\\frac{2}{e^3}) 上单调递减,在 (\\frac{2}{e^3},+\\infty) 上单调递增. $\n\n$所以 h_{min}(a)=h\\left(\\frac{2}{e^3}\\right)=2-2ln 2>0.$\n\n$所以 h(a)>0 恒成立. 所以 e^3a>2ln a+6,\\frac{2ln a+6}{e^3a}<1. $\n\n$所以 g\\left(\\frac{1}{e^5a^2}\\right)<\\frac{1}{e^7}+\\frac{a+1}{e^2a}-1=\\frac{1}{e^7}+\\frac{1}{e^2}+\\frac{1}{e^2a}-1<\\frac{1}{e^7}+\\frac{1}{e^2}+\\frac{1}{e}-1<0. $\n\n$又 g(1)=2a>0,所以存在 x_0 \\in \\left(\\frac{1}{e^{5}a^{2}},1\\right),使得 g(x_0)=0. $\n\n$所以当 a>\\frac{1}{e} 时,函数 g(x) 恰有1个零点.$\n\n""]" ['1'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +402 "$已知函数f(x)=x^3-x,g(x)=2x-3.$ +$求函数f(x)在[0,2]上的最大值;$" "[""$令 f'(x) =0,得 x =\\pm \\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{3}. f(x) 与 f'(x) 在区间[0,2]的变化情况如下:$\n\n| $x$ | $\\left[0,\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{3}\\right) $| $\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{3}$ | $\\left(\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{3},2\\right]$ |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| $f'(x)$ | - | 0 | + |\n| $f(x)$ | $\\text{单调递减}$ | 极小值 | $\\text{单调递增}$ |\n\n$因为 f(0) =0, f(2) =6,所以函数 f(x) 在区间[0,2]上的最大值为6.$""]" ['6'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +403 "$已知函数f(x)=\frac{x+2}{x^2+2x-3}.$ +$若存在m条互相平行的直线与曲线y=f(x)相切,写出m的最大值(只需写出结论).$" ['m=4.\n\n$详解:由(1)可得f(x)在(-\\infty ,-3),(-3,1),(1,+\\infty )上都是减函数,作出f(x)的大致图象,如图,现作出直线x+3y+2=0,可得最多有4条平行直线与函数图象相切.$\n\n\n\n疑难突破\n\n作出函数图象,数形结合即可得解.'] ['$4$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +404 "$已知函数f(x)=a\ln(x-a)-\frac{1}{2}x^2+x(a<0).$ +$当a =-\frac{4}{5}时,记函数f(x)的零点为x_0,若对任意x_1,x_2 \in [0,x_0]且x_2-x_1=1,都有|f(x_2)-f(x_1)|\geq m,求实数m的最大值.$" ['$因为-1<-\\frac{4}{5}<2ln(2-1),\\forall x_{1}, x_{2}\\in [0,x_{0}]且x_{2}-x_{1} = 1,$\n\n$故由(2)可知x_{1}\\in [0,a+1], x_{2}\\in (a+1,x_{0}]且x_{2}\\geq 1,$\n\n$因为函数f(x)在(0,a+1)上是增函数,在(a+1,+\\infty )上是减函数,$\n\n$因此f(x_{1})\\geq f(0),f(x_{2})\\leq f(1),$\n\n$所以f(x_{1})-f(x_{2})\\geq f(0)-f(1),$\n\n$当a=-\\frac{4}{5}时,f(0)-f(1)=\\frac{8}{5}ln\\frac{3}{2}-\\frac{1}{2}>0,$\n\n$所以f(x_{1})-f(x_{2})\\geq f(0)-f(1)>0,$\n\n$所以| f(x_{2})-f(x_{1}) |的最小值为f(0)-f(1)=\\frac{8}{5}ln\\frac{3}{2}-\\frac{1}{2},$\n\n$所以使得| f(x_{2})-f(x_{1}) |\\geq m恒成立的m的最大值为\\frac{8}{5}ln\\frac{3}{2}-\\frac{1}{2}.$'] ['$\\frac{8}{5}ln\\frac{3}{2}-\\frac{1}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +405 "$已知函数f(x)=\sqrt{3}\sin 2x-2\sin^2x。$ +$求f\left(\frac{\pi}{6}\right) 的值;$" ['$解法一:f\\left(\\frac{\\pi }{6}\\right)=\\sqrt{3}\\sin\\frac{\\pi }{3}-2\\sin^2\\frac{\\pi }{6}=\\frac{3}{2}-2\\times\\frac{1}{4}=1.$\n\n$解法二:f(x)=\\sqrt{3}\\sin 2x+\\cos 2x-1=2\\sin\\left(2x+\\frac{\\pi }{6}\\right)-1,所以f\\left(\\frac{\\pi }{6}\\right)=2\\sin\\left(2 \\times \\frac{\\pi }{6}+\\frac{\\pi }{6}\\right)-1=1.$'] ['$1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +406 "$已知函数f(x)=\sqrt{3}\sin 2x-2\sin^2x。$ +$若x\in [-\frac{\pi}{6}, \frac{\pi}{3}],求f(x)的最大值和最小值。$" ['$f(x)=\\sqrt{3}\\sin{2x}+\\cos{2x}-1=2\\sin\\left(2x+\\frac{\\pi}{6}\\right)-1.$\n\n$因为x\\in\\left[-\\frac{\\pi}{6},\\frac{\\pi}{3}\\right],所以-\\frac{\\pi}{6}\\leq2x+\\frac{\\pi}{6}\\leq\\frac{5\\pi}{6},$\n\n$所以-\\frac{1}{2}\\leq\\sin\\left(2x+\\frac{\\pi}{6}\\right)\\leq1,$\n\n$所以-2\\leq2\\sin\\left(2x+\\frac{\\pi}{6}\\right)-1\\leq1,$\n\n$所以f(x)的最大值为1,最小值为-2.$\n\n'] ['1,-2'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +407 "$已知函数f(x)=2cos^2\omega x+2\sqrt{3}sin \omega x cos \omega x+a(\omega>0,a\in R)。再从条件①、条件②、条件③这三个条件中选择能确定函数f(x)解析式的两个合理条件作为已知:$ + +$条件①:f(x)的最大值为1;$ +$条件②:f(x)图象的一条对称轴是直线x=-\frac{\pi }{12\omega };$ +$条件③:f(x)图象的相邻两条对称轴之间的距离为\frac{\pi}{2}.$ +$若将函数f(x)图象上的点纵坐标不变,横坐标变为原来的\frac{1}{2},再向右平移\frac{\pi }{12}个单位,得到函数g(x)的图象,若g(x)在区间[0, m]上的最小值为g(0),求m的最大值.$" ['$根据题意得 g(x)=2sin\\left(4x-\\frac{\\pi}{6}\\right)-1,$\n$因为 x \\in [0,m],所以 4x-\\frac{\\pi}{6} \\in \\left[-\\frac{\\pi}{6},4m-\\frac{\\pi}{6}\\right],$\n$又 g(x) 在区间 [0,m] 上的最小值为 g(0),$\n$所以有 \\left\\{\\begin{matrix}4m-\\frac{\\pi}{6}\\leq \\frac{7\\pi}{6},\\\\ m>0,\\end{matrix}\\right. 解得 0 0,$\n$所以 h(x) 在 [-2\\pi,2\\pi] 上单调递增,$\n$又 h(0)=0,$\n$所以当 x \\in [-2\\pi,0) 时, f'(x) < 0, f(x) 单调递减,当 x \\in (0,2\\pi] 时, f'(x) > 0, f(x) 单调递增,$\n$所以当 x = 0 时, f(x) 取得最小值,为1,当 x = 2\\pi 或 x = -2\\pi 时, f(x) 取得最大值,为 4\\pi^2+1.$\n\n""]" ['4\\pi^2+1,1'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +420 "$已知函数 f(x)=ax^{2}-x\ln x.$ +$设直线l为曲线y=f(x)的切线,当a\geq\frac{e}{2}时,记直线l的斜率的最小值为g(a),求g(a)的最小值;$" "[""$易得直线l的斜率为f' (x) = 2ax - ln \\ x -1,$\n\n$设h(x) = 2ax - ln \\ x - 1, 则 h'(x) = 2a - \\frac{1}{x} = \\frac{2ax - 1}{x},$\n\n$当a \\geq \\frac{e}{2}时,令h'(x) = 0,得x = \\frac{1}{2a},$\n\n$当0 \\frac{1}{2a}时, h'(x) > 0,h(x)在\\left(\\frac{1}{2a},+\\infty \\right)上单调递增,$\n\n$故 h_{min} = h\\left(\\frac{1}{2a}\\right) = ln \\ 2a,即 f'_{min} = ln \\ 2a, 即g(a) = ln \\ 2a, 因为 a\\geq \\frac{e}{2}, 所以 g(a)的最小值为 ln\\left(2\\times \\frac{e}{2}\\right) = 1.$""]" ['$1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +421 "$已知函数f(x)=x^3-ax^2-a^2x+1,其中a>0.$ +$若曲线y=f(x)在点(-a, f(-a))处的切线与y轴的交点为(0,m),求m+\frac{1}{a}的最小值.$" "[""$因为 f(x)=x^3-ax^2-a^2x+1,$\n$所以 f(-a)=-a^3-a^3+a^3+1=1-a^3, f' (x)=3x^2-2ax-a^2.$\n$所以 f'(-a)=3a^2+2a^2-a^2=4a^2,$\n$曲线 y=f(x) 在点 (-a, f(-a)) 处的切线方程为 y-1+a^3=4a^2 (x+a),即 y=4a^2x+1+3a^3.$\n$令 x=0,得 m=1+3a^3,此时 m+\\frac{1}{a}=1+3a^3+\\frac{1}{a},(统一变量)$\n$令 g(a)=3a^3+\\frac{1}{a}+1(a > 0),则 g'(a)=9a^2-\\frac{1}{a^2},$\n$令 g'(a)=0,得 a=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{3},$\n$当 0\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{3} 时,g'(a)>0,$\n$g(a) 在区间 \\left(0,\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{3}\\right) 上单调递减,在区间 \\left(\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{3},+\\infty \\right) 上单调递增,$\n$故 g(a) 在 a=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{3} 处取得最小值,g\\left(\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{3}\\right)=3\\times \\left(\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{3}\\right)^3+\\frac{1}{\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{3}}+1=1+\\frac{4\\sqrt{3}}{3},故 m+\\frac{1}{a} 的最小值为 1+\\frac{4\\sqrt{3}}{3}.$""]" ['$1+\\frac{4\\sqrt{3}}{3}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +422 "$已知函数f(x)=2ln x - x - ln a,a>0.$ +$求曲线y=f(x)在(1, f(1))处切线的斜率;$" "[""$由题意得f'(x)=\\frac{2}{x}-1,则f'(1)=1,$\n$所以曲线y=f(x)在(1,f(1))处切线的斜率为1.$""]" ['$1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +423 "$已知函数f(x)=2ln x - x - ln a,a>0.$ +$求函数f(x)的极大值;$" "[""$函数f(x)的定义域为(0,+\\infty ),求导得f'(x) = \\frac{2}{x} - 1,令f'(x) = 0,得x = 2,$\n\n$当x \\in (0,2)时,f'(x) > 0,函数单调递增;当x \\in (2,+\\infty )时,f'(x) < 0,函数单调递减。$\n\n$故当x = 2时,函数取得极大值,f(2) = 2ln2 - 2 - ln a = ln\\frac{4}{ae^2},$\n\n$所以函数f(x)的极大值为ln\\frac{4}{ae^2}。$""]" ['$ln\\frac{4}{ae^2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +424 "$已知函数f(x)=2ln x - x - ln a,a>0.$ +$设g(x)=ae^x-x^2,当a\in (1,e)时,求函数g(x)的零点个数.$" "[""$g'(x)=ae^{x}-2x,a\\in (1,e),$\n\n$当x\\leq 0时,g'(x)>0,故函数在(-\\infty ,0]上单调递增,$\n\n$又g(0)=a>0,g(-1)=\\frac{a}{e} -1<0,所以方程g(x)=0在x\\in (-1,0)有且仅有一个根,即函数g(x)在x\\in (-\\infty ,0]上有一个零点.$\n\n$当x>0时,讨论函数g(x)的零点个数,即讨论方程ae^{x}=x^{2}的根的个数,即讨论方程a=\\frac{x^{2}}{e^{x}}的根的个数,即讨论函数h(x)=\\frac{x^{2}}{e^{x}}的图象与直线y=a的交点个数,$\n\n$求导得h'(x)=\\frac{2x-x^{2}}{e^{x}},令h'(x)=0,得x=0或x=2,$\n\n$当x\\in (0,2)时,h'(x)>0,函数单调递增;当x\\in (2,+\\infty )时,h'(x)<0,函数单调递减.$\n\n$又h(0)=0,h(2)=\\frac{4}{e^{2}}<1,又a\\in (1,e),所以函数h(x)=\\frac{x^{2}}{e^{x}}的图象与直线y=a没有交点,$\n\n$即函数g(x)在x\\in (0,+\\infty )上无零点.$\n\n$综上可知,当a\\in (1,e)时,函数g(x)的零点个数为1.$""]" ['$1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +425 "$已知函数f(x) = e^x \sin x - 2x.$ +$求f(x)在区间[-1,1]上的最大值;$" "[""$令 g(x)=f '(x)=e^{x}(sin x+cos x)-2,$\n\n$则 g'(x)=2e^{x} cos x,当 x\\in [-1,1] 时,g'(x)>0,g(x) 单调递增.$\n\n$因为 g(0)=-1<0,g(1)=e(sin 1+cos 1)-2>0,$\n\n$所以存在 x_0\\in (0,1),使得 g(x_0)=0.$\n\n$所以当 x\\in (-1,x_0) 时, f '(x)<0 且 f(x) 单调递减;$\n\n$当 x\\in (x_0,1) 时, f '(x)>0 且 f(x) 单调递增,$\n\n$又 f(1)=e sin 1-21,$\n\n$所以当 x\\in [-1,1] 时, f(x)_{max}=f(-1)=2-\\frac{\\sin 1}{e}.$""]" ['$2-\\frac{\\sin 1}{e}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +426 "$已知函数f(x) = e^x \sin x - 2x.$ +$设实数a使得f(x)+x>ae^x对x\in R恒成立,写出a的最大整数值,并说明理由.$" "[""$满足条件的a的最大整数值为-2. $\n\n理由如下: \n\n$不等式f(x)+x>a e^x恒成立等价于a<\\sin x - \\frac{x}{e^x}恒成立. $\n\n$令\\phi(x) = \\sin x - \\frac{x}{e^x},$\n\n$当x \\leq 0时,- \\frac{x}{e^x} \\geq 0,所以\\phi(x)>-1恒成立.$\n\n$当x > 0时,令h(x) = -\\frac{x}{e^x},h(x)<0,h'(x)=\\frac{x-1}{e^x},$\n\n$x,h'(x)与h(x)的变化情况如下:$\n\n|$x$ |$(0,1)$|1 |$(1,+\\infty )$|\n|--------|-----|-- |----- |\n|$h'(x)$ |- |0 |+ |\n|$h(x)$ |$\\text{单调递减}$ |$-\\frac1e$ |$\\text{单调递增}$ |\n\n$所以h_{min}=h(1)=-\\frac{1}{e},当x\\rightarrow +\\infty 时,h(x)<0,且h(x)\\rightarrow 0,所以h(x)的值域为[-\\frac{1}{e},0),$\n\n$因为\\sin x的值域满足[-1,1],所以\\phi(x)的最小值小于-1且大于-2.$\n\n$所以a的最大整数值为-2.$""]" ['$-2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +427 "$已知函数f(x)=\ln x+\frac{a}{x},a\in R.$ +$若函数f(x)的最小值是2,求a的值;$" "[""$函数f(x)=ln x + \\frac{a}{x}的定义域为(0,+\\infty ),$\n$f' (x)= \\frac{1}{x} - \\frac{a}{x^2}= \\frac{x-a}{x^2}.$\n$- ①当a \\leq 0时, f' (x)\\gt0。所以f(x)在(0,+\\infty )上单调递增,无最小值.$\n$- ②当a >0时,令f'(x)<0,得0< x < a;令f'(x)>0,得x > a.所以f(x)在(0,a)上单调递减,在(a,+\\infty )上单调递增,所以f(x)的最小值为f(a)=1+ln a.$\n$所以1+ln a=2,解得a=e.$""]" ['$e$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +428 "$已知函数 f(x)=xsinx.$ +$求函数g(x)=\frac{f(x)+1}{\ln x}在区间(1,\pi ]上的最小值.$" ['$由(1)(2)可知, f(x)在(1,x_{0})内单调递增,在(x_{0},\\pi )内单调递减。$\n$又因为f(1)=\\sin 1 > 0, f(\\pi )=0,$\n$所以当x \\in (1,\\pi ]时, f(x)+1\\geq 1。$\n$又因为当x \\in (1,\\pi ]时,0< \\ln x \\leq \\ln \\pi ,$\n$所以g(x)=\\frac{f(x)+1}{\\ln x} \\geq \\frac{1}{\\ln \\pi },当且仅当x=\\pi 时等号成立。$\n$所以g(x)在(1,\\pi ]上的最小值为\\frac{1}{\\ln \\pi }。$'] ['$\\frac{1}{\\ln \\pi }$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +429 "$已知函数f(x) = x^2 + \ln(x+1).$ +$若(e^{x}+acosx)f(x) \geq 0恒成立,求实数a的值.$" "[""$f(x)的定义域为(-1,+\\infty ).$\n$由(1)知f(0)=0,且f(x)在(-1,+\\infty )上单调递增,$\n$所以当x>0时, f(x)>0;当-10时,g(x)\\geq 0;当-10时,g'(x)>1+sin x \\geq 0,$\n$所以g(x)在(0,+\\infty )上单调递增,g(x)>g(0)=0.$\n$当-10,$\n$所以g'(x)在(-1,0)上单调递增.$\n$又g'(-1)=e^-1 +sin(-1)0,$\n$所以存在唯一的x_0\\in (-1,0),使得g'(x_0)=0.$\n$所以g(x)在(-1,x_0)上单调递减,在(x_0,0)上单调递增.$\n$因为g(-1)=\\frac{1}{e} -cos(-1)<\\frac{1}{e} - \\frac{1}{2} <0,且g(0)=0,$\n$所以当-10, g(-1)=-4e^{2}+1<0, g(x) 在区间(-\\infty ,0)上有一个变号零点,故 f(x) 在(-\\infty ,0)上有一个极值点.$\n\n$又\\because g(1)=-1<0, 且 g(3-\\sqrt{3})0, 且 g(3+\\sqrt{3})>g(3)>0,$\n\n$\\therefore g(x) 在(3-\\sqrt{3},3+\\sqrt{3})上有一个变号零点,故 f(x) 在(3-\\sqrt{3},3+\\sqrt{3})上有一个极值点.$\n\n$当x>3时,g(x)=x^{2}e^{1-x}(x-3)+1>0, 故 g(x) 在(3+\\sqrt{3},+\\infty )上无零点,即 f(x) 无极值点.$\n\n$综上, f(x) 有3个极值点.$\n\n'] ['3'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +434 "$设函数f(x) = [ax^2 -(4a+1)x + 4a + 3] \cdot e^{x}.$ +$若曲线 y=f(x) 在点(1, f(1))处的切线与 x 轴平行,求 a;$" "[""$函数f(x)的定义域为R, $\n$f'(x)=[2ax-(4a+1)]e^{x}+[ax^{2}-(4a+1)x+4a+3]e^{x}=e^{x}[ax^{2}-(2a+1)x+2]=e^{x}(ax-1)(x-2), $\n$由曲线y=f(x)在点(1, f(1))处的切线与x轴平行,得f'(1)=-e(a-1)=0,即a=1。 $\n$此时,f(1)=3e\\neq 0,\\therefore a=1。$""]" ['$a=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +435 "$已知函数f(x) = \frac{1}{4}x^3 - x^2 + x.$ +$设 F(x)=|f(x)-(x+a)| (a \in R),记 F(x) 在区间 [-2,4] 上的最大值为 M(a) .当 M(a) 最小时,求 a 的值.$" ['$由(2)知,-6\\leq g(x)\\leq 0,且g(-2)=-6, g(0)=g(4)=0。$\n$由题意知,无论参数a如何变化,F(x)在[-2,4]上的最大值M(a)总是|g(0)-a|与|g(-2)-a|中较大的一个,所以只需比较|a|与|a+6|,取较大的为M(a),$\n$当|a|>|a+6|,即a<-3时,M(a)\\geq F(0)=|g(0)-a|=-a>3;$\n$当|a|<|a+6|,即a>-3时,M(a)\\geq F(-2)=|g(-2)-a|=6+a>3;$\n$当|a|=|a+6|,即a=-3时,M(a)=3。$\n$综上,当M(a)最小时,a=-3。$'] ['$a=-3$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +436 "甲、乙两人投篮,每次由其中一人投篮,规则如下:若命中则此人继续投篮,若未命中则换为对方投篮.无论之前投篮情况如何,甲每次投篮的命中率均为0.6,乙每次投篮的命中率均为0.8.由抽签确定第1次投篮的人选,第1次投篮的人是甲、乙的概率各为0.5. +求第2次投篮的人是乙的概率;" ['设“第2次投篮的人是乙”为事件A,\n$则P(A)=0.5\\times 0.4+0.5\\times 0.8=0.6.$'] ['$0.6$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +437 "某超市随机选取1 000位顾客,记录了他们购买甲、乙、丙、丁四种商品的情况,整理成如下统计表,其中“$\sqrt{}$”表示购买,“$\times$”表示未购买. + +| 商品 | 顾客人数 | 甲 | 乙 | 丙 | 丁 | +| ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | +| 100 | $\sqrt{}$ | $\times$ | $\sqrt{}$ | $\sqrt{}$ | +| 217 | $\times$ | $\sqrt{}$ | $\times$ | $\sqrt{}$ | +| 200 | $\sqrt{}$ | $\sqrt{}$ | $\sqrt{}$ | $\times$ | +| 300 | $\sqrt{}$ | $\times$ | $\sqrt{}$ | $\times$ | +| 85 | $\sqrt{}$ | $\times$ | $\times$ | $\times$ | +| 98 | $\times$ | $\sqrt{}$ | $\times$ | $\times$ | +估计顾客同时购买乙和丙的概率;" ['$从统计表可以看出,在这1 000位顾客中有200位顾客同时购买了乙和丙,所以顾客同时购买乙和丙的概率可以估计为\\frac{200}{1 000}=0.2.$'] ['$0.2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +438 "某超市随机选取1 000位顾客,记录了他们购买甲、乙、丙、丁四种商品的情况,整理成如下统计表,其中“$\sqrt{}$”表示购买,“$\times$”表示未购买. + +| 商品 | 顾客人数 | 甲 | 乙 | 丙 | 丁 | +| ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | +| 100 | $\sqrt{}$ | $\times$ | $\sqrt{}$ | $\sqrt{}$ | +| 217 | $\times$ | $\sqrt{}$ | $\times$ | $\sqrt{}$ | +| 200 | $\sqrt{}$ | $\sqrt{}$ | $\sqrt{}$ | $\times$ | +| 300 | $\sqrt{}$ | $\times$ | $\sqrt{}$ | $\times$ | +| 85 | $\sqrt{}$ | $\times$ | $\times$ | $\times$ | +| 98 | $\times$ | $\sqrt{}$ | $\times$ | $\times$ | +估计顾客在甲、乙、丙、丁中同时购买3种商品的概率;" ['从统计表可以看出,在这1 000位顾客中,有100位顾客同时购买了甲、丙、丁,另有200位顾客同时购买了甲、乙、丙,其他顾客最多购买了2种商品.\n\n所以顾客在甲、乙、丙、丁中同时购买3种商品的概率可以估计为\n\n$\\frac{100+200}{1 000}=0.3.$'] ['$0.3$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +439 "为研究某种农产品价格变化的规律,收集得到了该农产品连续40天的价格变化数据,如下表所示。在描述价格变化时,用“+”表示“上涨”,即当天价格比前一天价格高;用“-”表示“下跌”,即当天价格比前一天价格低;用“0”表示“不变”,即当天价格与前一天价格相同。 + +| 时段 | 价格变化 | +| :-----: | :-----: | +| 第1天到第20天 | - + + 0 - - - + + 0 + 0 - - + - + 0 0 + | +| 第21天到第40天 | 0 + + 0 - - - + + 0 + 0 + - - - + 0 - + | + +用频率估计概率。 +试估计该农产品价格“上涨”的概率;" ['$由题表得这40天内该农产品价格“上涨”的天数为16,估计该农产品价格“上涨”的概率为 \\frac{16}{40} = \\frac{2}{5}.$'] ['$\\frac{2}{5}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +440 "为研究某种农产品价格变化的规律,收集得到了该农产品连续40天的价格变化数据,如下表所示。在描述价格变化时,用“+”表示“上涨”,即当天价格比前一天价格高;用“-”表示“下跌”,即当天价格比前一天价格低;用“0”表示“不变”,即当天价格与前一天价格相同。 + +| 时段 | 价格变化 | +| :-----: | :-----: | +| 第1天到第20天 | - + + 0 - - - + + 0 + 0 - - + - + 0 0 + | +| 第21天到第40天 | 0 + + 0 - - - + + 0 + 0 + - - - + 0 - + | + +用频率估计概率。 +假设该农产品每天的价格变化是相互独立的.在未来的日子里任取4天,试估计该农产品价格在这4天中2天“上涨”、1天“下跌”、1天“不变”的概率;" ['$由(1)估计该农产品价格“上涨”的概率为\\frac{2}{5},$\n$由题表估计该农产品价格“下跌”的概率为\\frac{14}{40}=\\frac{7}{20},价格“不变”的概率为\\frac{10}{40}=\\frac{1}{4},$\n$所以所求概率为C^2_4\\times \\left(\\frac{2}{5}\\right)^2\\times C^1_2\\times \\frac{7}{20}\\times \\frac{1}{4}=\\frac{21}{125}.$'] ['$\\frac{21}{125}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +441 "电影公司随机收集了电影的有关数据,经分类整理得到下表: + +| 电影类型 | 第一类 | 第二类 | 第三类 | 第四类 | 第五类 | 第六类 | +| :---------: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | +| 电影部数 | 140 | 50 | 300 | 200 | 800 | 510 | +| 好评率 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.15 | 0.25 | 0.2 | 0.1 | + +好评率是指:一类电影中获得好评的部数与该类电影的部数的比值. +从电影公司收集的电影中随机选取1部,求这部电影是获得好评的第四类电影的概率;" ['$由题意知,样本中电影的总部数是140+50+300+200+800+510=2 000,$\n\n$第四类电影中获得好评的电影部数是200\\times 0.25=50.$\n\n故所求概率为\n\n$ \\frac{50}{2 000} = 0.025.$'] ['$0.025$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +442 "电影公司随机收集了电影的有关数据,经分类整理得到下表: + +| 电影类型 | 第一类 | 第二类 | 第三类 | 第四类 | 第五类 | 第六类 | +| :---------: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | +| 电影部数 | 140 | 50 | 300 | 200 | 800 | 510 | +| 好评率 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.15 | 0.25 | 0.2 | 0.1 | + +好评率是指:一类电影中获得好评的部数与该类电影的部数的比值. +随机选取1部电影,估计这部电影没有获得好评的概率;" ['由题意知,样本中获得好评的电影部数是\n\n$140\\times 0.4+50\\times 0.2+300\\times 0.15+200\\times 0.25+800\\times 0.2+510\\times 0.1=56+10+45+50+160+51=372.$\n\n$故所求概率估计为1- \\frac{372}{2 000} =0.814.$'] ['$0.814$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +443 "根据《国家学生体质健康标准》,高三男生和女生立定跳远单项等级如下(单位:cm): + +| 立定跳远单项等级 | 高三男生 | 高三女生 | +| -------------- | ------- | ------- | +| 优秀 | 260及以上 | 194及以上 | +| 良好 | 245~259 | 180~193 | +| 及格 | 205~244 | 150~179 | +| 不及格 | 204及以下 | 149及以下 | + +从某校高三男生和女生中各随机抽取12名同学,将其立定跳远测试成绩整理如下(精确到1 cm): + +| 性别 | 成绩 | +| ---- | ---- | +| 男生 | 180 | +| 男生 | 205 | +| 男生 | 213 | +| 男生 | 220 | +| 男生 | 235 | +| 男生 | 245 | +| 男生 | 250 | +| 男生 | 258 | +| 男生 | 261 | +| 男生 | 270 | +| 男生 | 275 | +| 男生 | 280 | +| 女生 | 148 | +| 女生 | 160 | +| 女生 | 162 | +| 女生 | 169 | +| 女生 | 172 | +| 女生 | 184 | +| 女生 | 195 | +| 女生 | 196 | +| 女生 | 196 | +| 女生 | 197 | +| 女生 | 208 | +| 女生 | 220 | + +假设用频率估计概率,且每个同学的测试成绩相互独立. +分别估计该校高三男生和女生立定跳远单项的优秀率;" ['$样本中立定跳远单项等级获得优秀的男生人数为4,获得优秀的女生人数为6,所以估计该校高三男生立定跳远单项的优秀率为\\frac{4}{12}=\\frac{1}{3};估计该校高三女生立定跳远单项的优秀率为\\frac{6}{12}=\\frac{1}{2}.$\n\n'] ['$\\frac{1}{3},\\frac{1}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +444 "根据《国家学生体质健康标准》,高三男生和女生立定跳远单项等级如下(单位:cm): + +| 立定跳远单项等级 | 高三男生 | 高三女生 | +| -------------- | ------- | ------- | +| 优秀 | 260及以上 | 194及以上 | +| 良好 | 245~259 | 180~193 | +| 及格 | 205~244 | 150~179 | +| 不及格 | 204及以下 | 149及以下 | + +从某校高三男生和女生中各随机抽取12名同学,将其立定跳远测试成绩整理如下(精确到1 cm): + +| 性别 | 成绩 | +| ---- | ---- | +| 男生 | 180 | +| 男生 | 205 | +| 男生 | 213 | +| 男生 | 220 | +| 男生 | 235 | +| 男生 | 245 | +| 男生 | 250 | +| 男生 | 258 | +| 男生 | 261 | +| 男生 | 270 | +| 男生 | 275 | +| 男生 | 280 | +| 女生 | 148 | +| 女生 | 160 | +| 女生 | 162 | +| 女生 | 169 | +| 女生 | 172 | +| 女生 | 184 | +| 女生 | 195 | +| 女生 | 196 | +| 女生 | 196 | +| 女生 | 197 | +| 女生 | 208 | +| 女生 | 220 | + +假设用频率估计概率,且每个同学的测试成绩相互独立. +$从该校全体高三男生中随机抽取2人,全体高三女生中随机抽取1人,设X为这3人中立定跳远单项等级为优秀的人数,估计X的数学期望E(X);$" ['X的所有可能取值为0,1,2,3。\n$P(X=0)估计为(\\frac{2}{3})^2\\times \\frac{1}{2}=\\frac{2}{9};$\n$P(X=1)估计为C^1_2\\times \\frac{1}{3}\\times \\frac{2}{3}\\times \\frac{1}{2}+\\left(\\frac{2}{3}\\right)^2\\times \\frac{1}{2}=\\frac{4}{9};$\n$P(X=2)估计为C^1_2\\times \\frac{1}{3}\\times \\frac{2}{3}\\times \\frac{1}{2}+\\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^2\\times \\frac{1}{2}=\\frac{5}{18};$\n$P(X=3)估计为\\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^2\\times \\frac{1}{2}=\\frac{1}{18}。$\n$估计X的数学期望E(X)=0\\times \\frac{2}{9}+1\\times \\frac{4}{9}+2\\times \\frac{5}{18}+3\\times \\frac{1}{18}=\\frac{7}{6}.$'] ['$\\frac{7}{6}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +445 "某社区组织了一次公益讲座.向社区居民普及垃圾分类知识.为了解讲座效果,随机抽取10位社区居民,让他们在讲座前和讲座后分别回答一份垃圾分类知识问卷.这10位社区居民的讲座前和讲座后答卷的正确率如下表: + +| 编号/准确率 | 1号 | 2号 | 3号 | 4号 | 5号 | 6号 | 7号 | 8号 | 9号 | 10号 | +|-------------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------| +| 讲座前 | 65% | 60% | 70% | 100% | 65% | 75% | 90% | 85% | 80% | 60% | +| 讲座后 | 90% | 85% | 80% | 95% | 85% | 85% | 95% | 100% | 85% | 90% | +从公益讲座前的10份垃圾分类知识答卷中随机抽取一份,求这份答卷正确率低于80%的概率;" ['$公益讲座前共10份答卷,正确率低于80%的有6份,故所求概率为\\frac{6}{10}=\\frac{3}{5}.$'] ['$\\frac{3}{5}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +446 "甲、乙两名同学积极参与体育锻炼,对同一体育项目,在一段时间内甲进行了6次测试,乙进行了7次测试.每次测试满分均为100分,达到85分及以上为优秀,两位同学的测试成绩如下表: + +|次数/学生|第一次|第二次|第三次|第四次|第五次|第六次|第七次| +|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| +|甲|80|78|82|86|95|93|-| +|乙|76|81|80|85|89|96|94| +从甲、乙两名同学共进行的13次测试中随机选取一次,求该次测试成绩超过90分的概率;" ['$从甲、乙两名同学共进行的13次测试中随机选取一次,有13种等可能的情形,其中有4次成绩超过90分,则从甲、乙两名同学共进行的13次测试中随机选取一次,该次成绩超过90分的概率为 \\frac{4}{13}.$'] ['$\\frac{4}{13}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +447 "甲、乙两名同学积极参与体育锻炼,对同一体育项目,在一段时间内甲进行了6次测试,乙进行了7次测试.每次测试满分均为100分,达到85分及以上为优秀,两位同学的测试成绩如下表: + +|次数/学生|第一次|第二次|第三次|第四次|第五次|第六次|第七次| +|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| +|甲|80|78|82|86|95|93|-| +|乙|76|81|80|85|89|96|94| + +$从甲同学进行的6次测试中随机选取4次,设X表示这4次测试成绩达到优秀的次数,求X的数学期望E(X);$" ['随机变量X的所有可能取值为1,2,3.\n$P(X=1)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_3\\mathrm{C}^3_3}{\\mathrm{C}^4_6}=\\frac{1}{5},P(X=2)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^2_3\\mathrm{C}^2_3}{\\mathrm{C}^4_6}=\\frac{3}{5},P(X=3)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^3_3\\mathrm{C}^1_3}{\\mathrm{C}^4_6}=\\frac{1}{5}. $\n则随机变量X的分布列为:\n\n| X | 1 | 2 | 3 |\n|---|---|---|---|\n| P | $\\frac{1}{5}$ | $\\frac{3}{5}$ | $\\frac{1}{5}$ |\n\n$所以EX=1\\times \\frac{1}{5}+2\\times \\frac{3}{5}+3\\times \\frac{1}{5}=2.$\n\n'] ['$2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +448 "周末李梦提出和父亲、母亲、弟弟进行羽毛球比赛,李梦与他们三人各进行一场比赛,共进行三场比赛,而且三场比赛相互独立.根据李梦最近分别与父亲、母亲、弟弟比赛的情况,得到如下统计表: + +| | 父亲 | 母亲 | 弟弟 | +|:---------:|:------:|:------:|:-------:| +|比赛的次数 | 50 | 60 | 40 | +|李梦获胜的次数 | 10 | 30 | 32 | + +以上表中的频率作为概率,求解下列问题。 +如果按照第一场与父亲比赛、第二场与母亲比赛、第三场与弟弟比赛的顺序进行比赛: 求李梦连胜三场的概率;" ['$李梦与父亲比赛获胜的概率为p_1 = \\frac{10}{50} = \\frac{1}{5};与母亲比赛获胜的概率为p_2 = \\frac{30}{60} = \\frac{1}{2};与弟弟比赛获胜的概率为p_3 = \\frac{32}{40} = \\frac{4}{5},$\n$则李梦连胜三场的概率为p_4 = p_1p_2p_3 = \\frac{1}{5} \\times \\frac{1}{2} \\times \\frac{4}{5} = \\frac{2}{25}.$'] ['$\\frac{2}{25}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +449 "某企业有7个分行业,2020年这7个分行业的营业收入及营业成本情况统计如下表: + +| 营业情况分行业 | 营业收入(单位:亿元) | 营业成本(单位:亿元) | +| :-----------: | :---: | :---: | +| 分行业1 | 41 | 38 | +| 分行业2 | 12 | 9 | +| 分行业3 | 8 | 2 | +| 分行业4 | 6 | 5 | +| 分行业5 | 3 | 2 | +| 分行业6 | 2 | 1 | +| 分行业7 | 0.8 | 0.4 | + +$一般地,行业收益率= \frac{\text{营业收入}-\text{营业成本}}{\text{营业成本}} \times 100%.$ +任选一个分行业,求行业收益率不低于50%的概率;" ['$分行业1的行业收益率:\\frac{41-38}{38}\\times 100%\\approx 7.9%$\n$分行业2的行业收益率:\\frac{12-9}{9}\\times 100%\\approx 33.3%$\n$分行业3的行业收益率:\\frac{8-2}{2}\\times 100%=300%$\n$分行业4的行业收益率:\\frac{6-5}{5}\\times 100%=20%$\n$分行业5的行业收益率:\\frac{3-2}{2}\\times 100%=50%$\n$分行业6的行业收益率:\\frac{2-1}{1}\\times 100%=100%$\n$分行业7的行业收益率:\\frac{0.8-0.4}{0.4}\\times 100%=100%$\n$行业收益率不低于50%的有4个行业,故任选一个分行业,行业收益率不低于50%的概率为\\frac{4}{7}.$'] ['$\\frac{4}{7}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +450 "某企业有7个分行业,2020年这7个分行业的营业收入及营业成本情况统计如下表: + +| 营业情况分行业 | 营业收入(单位:亿元) | 营业成本(单位:亿元) | +| :-----------: | :---: | :---: | +| 分行业1 | 41 | 38 | +| 分行业2 | 12 | 9 | +| 分行业3 | 8 | 2 | +| 分行业4 | 6 | 5 | +| 分行业5 | 3 | 2 | +| 分行业6 | 2 | 1 | +| 分行业7 | 0.8 | 0.4 | + +$一般地,行业收益率= \frac{\text{营业收入}-\text{营业成本}}{\text{营业成本}} \times 100%.$ +从7个分行业中任选3个,设选出的收益率高于50%的行业个数为X,求X的分布列及期望;" ['$解答解析由(1)可知x的所有可能取值有0、1、2、3,$\n\n$P(X=0)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^3_4}{\\mathrm{C}^3_7}=\\frac{4}{35},$\n\n$P(X=1)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_3\\mathrm{C}^2_4}{\\mathrm{C}^3_7}=\\frac{18}{35},$\n\n$P(X=2)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^2_3\\mathrm{C}^1_4}{\\mathrm{C}^3_7}=\\frac{12}{35},$\n\n$P(X=3)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^3_3}{\\mathrm{C}^3_7}=\\frac{1}{35},$\n\n分布列如下:\n\n| X | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |\n|---|---|---|---|---|\n|P | $\\frac{4}{35}$ | $\\frac{18}{35}$ | $\\frac{12}{35}$ | $\\frac{1}{35}$ |\n\n$E(X)=0\\times \\frac{4}{35}+1\\times \\frac{18}{35}+2\\times \\frac{12}{35}+3\\times \\frac{1}{35}=\\frac{9}{7}.$\n\n'] ['$E(X)=\\frac{9}{7}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +451 "$已知点A(-2,0),B(2,0),动点M(x,y)满足直线AM与BM的斜率之积为-\frac{1}{2}.记M的轨迹为曲线C.$ +$过坐标原点的直线交C于P, Q两点,点P在第一象限,PE\perp x轴,垂足为E,连接QE并延长交C于点G.求\triangle PQG面积的最大值.$" ['$由(i)得 |PQ|=2u\\sqrt{1+k^2},|PG|=\\frac{2uk\\sqrt{k^2+1}}{2+k^2},$\n\n$所以\\triangle PQG的面积S=\\frac{1}{2}|PQ||PG|=\\frac{8k(1+k^2)}{(1+2k^2)(2+k^2)}=\\frac{8\\left(\\frac{1}{k}+k\\right)}{1+2\\left(\\frac{1}{k}+k\\right)^2}.$\n\n$设t=k+\\frac{1}{k},则由k>0得t\\geq 2,当且仅当k=1时取等号.$\n\n$因为S=\\frac{8t}{1+2t^2}在[2, +\\infty ) 单调递减,所以当t=2,即k=1时,S取得最大值,最大值为 \\frac{16}{9}.$\n\n$因此,\\triangle PQG面积的最大值为 \\frac{16}{9}.$'] ['$\\frac{16}{9}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +452 "$已知F为椭圆C: x^2/2+y^2=1 的左焦点,直线l: y=k(x-2) 与椭圆C交于不同的两点M, N.$ +$当k=-\frac{1}{2}时,求\triangle FMN的面积;$" ['$当k=-\\frac{1}{2}时,由$\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}y=-\\frac{1}{2}(x-2),\\\\ \\frac{x^2}{2}+y^2=1\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n解得\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x=0,\\\\ y=1\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n或\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x=\\frac{4}{3},\\\\ y=\\frac{1}{3},\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n$则|MN|=\\frac{2\\sqrt{5}}{3}.$\n$又因为左焦点F(-1,0)到直线l:y=-\\frac{1}{2}x-2的距离为d=\\frac{3}{\\sqrt{5}},所以\\triangle FMN的面积为\\frac{1}{2}|MN|d=\\frac{1}{2}\\times\\frac{2\\sqrt{5}}{3}\\times\\frac{3}{\\sqrt{5}}=1.$'] ['$1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +453 "$设椭圆 x^2/a^2 + y^2/b^2=1 (a>b>0) 的左焦点为 F,上顶点为 B. 已知椭圆的短轴长为4,离心率为 \sqrt{5}/5。$ +$设点P在椭圆上,且异于椭圆的上、下顶点,点M为直线PB与x轴的交点,点N在y轴的负半轴上.若|ON|=|OF|(O为原点),且OP\perp MN,求直线PB的斜率.$" ['数学科目的题目:\n\n\n\n$由题意,设P(x_P, y_P)(x_P\\neq 0),M(x_M,0).设直线PB的斜率为k(k\\neq 0),又B(0,2),则直线PB的方程为y=kx+2,与椭圆方程联立$\n\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}y=kx+2,\\\\ \\frac{x^2}{5}+\\frac{y^2}{4}=1,\\end{matrix}\\right. $\n\n$整理得 (4+5k^2)x^2+20kx=0,可得x_P=-\\frac{20k}{4+5k^2},代入y=kx+2得y_P=\\frac{8-10k^2}{4+5k^2},进而直线OP的斜率\\frac{y_P}{x_P}=\\frac{4-5k^2}{-10k}.在y=kx+2中,令y=0,得x_M=-\\frac{2}{k}.由题意得N(0,-1),所以直线MN的斜率为-\\frac{k}{2}.由OP\\perp MN,得\\frac{4-5k^2}{-10k}\\cdot \\left(-\\frac{k}{2}\\right)=-1,化简得k^2=\\frac{24}{5},从而k=\\pm\\frac{2\\sqrt{30}}{5}.$\n\n$所以,直线PB的斜率为\\frac{2\\sqrt{30}}{5}或-\\frac{2\\sqrt{30}}{5}。$\n\n思路分析\n\n$要利用条件OP\\perp MN,必须求P点和M、N点坐标.由直线PB的方程与椭圆方程联立得到P点坐标,求出M及N点坐标,利用k_{OP}\\cdot k_{MN}=-1求出k_{PB}.$'] ['$\\frac{2\\sqrt{30}}{5}, -\\frac{2\\sqrt{30}}{5}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +454 "$设椭圆 \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2}=1 ( a > b > 0 ) 的右顶点为 A ,上顶点为 B . 已知椭圆的离心率为 \frac{\sqrt{5}}{3} , |AB| = \sqrt{13}.$ +$设直线l: y=kx (k<0)与椭圆交于P,Q两点,l与直线AB交于点M,且点P,M均在第四象限.若\Delta BPM的面积是\Delta BPQ面积的2倍,求k的值.$" ['$设点 P 的坐标为 (x_1, y_1), 点 M 的坐标为 (x_2, y_2), 由题意,x_2 > x_1 > 0,点 Q 的坐标为 (-x_1, -y_1). 由\\triangle BPM 的面积是 \\triangle BPQ 面积的2倍,可得 |PM|=2|PQ|,从而 x_2 - x_1 = 2[x_1 - (-x_1)],即 x_2 = 5x_1. 易知直线 AB 的方程为 2x + 3y = 6,由方程组 \\left\\{\\begin{matrix}2x+3y=6,\\\\ y=kx\\end{matrix}\\right. 消去 y,可得 x_2 = \\frac{6}{3k+2}. 由方程组 \\left\\{\\begin{matrix}\\frac{x^2}{9}+\\frac{y^2}{4}=1,\\\\ y=kx\\end{matrix}\\right. 消去 y,可得 x_1 = \\frac{6}{\\sqrt{9k^2+4}}. 由 x_2=5x_1,可得 \\sqrt{9k^2+4} = 5(3k+2),两边平方,整理得 18k^2 + 25k + 8=0, 解得 k = -\\frac{8}{9} 或 k = -\\frac{1}{2}. 当 k = -\\frac{8}{9} 时,x_2 = -9 < 0, 不合题意,舍去;当 k = -\\frac{1}{2} 时,x_2 = 12, x_1 = \\frac{12}{5},符合题意. 所以,k 的值为 -\\frac{1}{2}.$'] ['$k=-\\frac{1}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +455 "$已知椭圆C:\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)的一个焦点坐标为(1,0),且长轴长是短轴长的\sqrt{2}倍.$ +$设O为坐标原点,椭圆C与直线y=kx+1相交于不同的两点A, B,线段AB的中点为P,若直线OP的斜率为-1,求\triangle OAB的面积.$" ['$设A(0,1),B(x_1,y_1),P(x_0,y_0),$\n联立\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x^2+2y^2=2,\\\\ y=kx+1,\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n\n$消去y得(1+2k^2)x^2+4kx=0(),$\n$解得x=0或x=-\\frac{4k}{1+2k^2},$\n$所以x_1=-\\frac{4k}{1+2k^2},$\n$所以B=\\left(-\\frac{4k}{1+2k^2},\\frac{1-2k^2}{1+2k^2}\\right),$\n$P=\\left(-\\frac{2k}{1+2k^2},\\frac{1}{1+2k^2}\\right),$\n\n$因为直线OP的斜率为-1,所以-\\frac{1}{2k}=-1,$\n$解得k=\\frac{1}{2}(满足()式判别式大于零),所以B=\\left(-\\frac{4}{3},\\frac{1}{3}\\right),$\n\n$易得O到直线y=\\frac{1}{2}x+1的距离为\\frac{2}{\\sqrt{5}},$\n$|AB|=\\sqrt{x^2_1+(y_1-1)^2}=\\frac{2\\sqrt{5}}{3},$\n\n$所以S_{\\triangle OAB}=\\frac{1}{2} \\times \\frac{2\\sqrt{5}}{3}\\times \\frac{2}{\\sqrt{5}}=\\frac{2}{3}.$'] ['$\\frac{2}{3}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +456 "$已知椭圆E: \frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)的左,右焦点为F1,F2,离心率e= \frac{2}{3}, P为椭圆E上任意一点,且满足 \overrightarrow{PF_1} \cdot \overrightarrow{PF_2} 的最小值为1.$ +$经过右焦点F_2的直线l与椭圆E交于A,B两点,若\triangle F_1AB的三边长|F_1A|, |AB|, |BF_1|成等差数列,求\triangle F_1AB的面积.$" ['$由题意可知 2|AB|=|AF_1|+|BF_1|=4a-|AB|,所以 |AB|=\\frac{4a}{3}=4,$\n$当直线 AB 的斜率不存在时,直线 AB 的方程为 x=2,$\n$将 x=2 代入 \\frac{x^2}{9}+\\frac{y^2}{5}=1,得 y=\\pm\\frac{5}{3},得 |AB|=\\frac{10}{3},不合题意.$\n$当直线 AB 的斜率存在时,设直线 AB 的方程为 y=k(x-2),$\n$由 \\left\\{\\begin{matrix}\\frac{x^2}{9}+\\frac{y^2}{5}=1,\\\\ y=k(x-2)\\end{matrix}\\right. 得 (5+9k^2)x^2-36k^2x+36k^2-45=0,$\n$设 A(x_1,y_1),B(x_2,y_2),则 x_1+x_2=\\frac{36k^2}{5+9k^2},x_1x_2=\\frac{36k^2-45}{5+9k^2},$\n$即 |AB|=\\sqrt{1+k^2}\\sqrt{(x_1+x_2)^2-4x_1x_2}=\\sqrt{1+k^2}\\cdot\\sqrt{\\left(\\frac{36k^2}{5+9k^2}\\right)^2-4\\left(\\frac{36k^2-45}{5+9k^2}\\right)}=4,$\n$整理得 \\frac{30(1+k^2)}{5+9k^2}=4,得 k^2=\\frac{5}{3},所以 k=\\pm\\sqrt{\\frac{5}{3}},$\n$点 F_1 到直线 AB 的距离为 \\frac{|4k|}{\\sqrt{1+k^2}}=\\sqrt{10},所以 \\triangle F_1AB 的面积为 \\frac{1}{2}\\times\\sqrt{10}\\times4=2\\sqrt{10}.$'] ['$2\\sqrt{10}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +457 "$在平面直角坐标系xOy��,已知点F_1(-\sqrt{17},0),F_2(\sqrt{17},0),点M满足|MF_1|-|MF_2|=2.记M的轨迹为C.$ +$设点T在直线x=\frac{1}{2}上,过T的两条直线分别交C于A,B两点和P,Q两点,且|TA|\cdot |TB|=|TP|\cdot |TQ|,求直线AB的斜率与直线PQ的斜率之和.$" ['$如图,设 T(\\frac{1}{2},m) ,直线 AB 的方程为 y-m=k_{1}(x-\\frac{1}{2}) ,由$\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\ny=k_1\\left(x-\\frac{1}{2}\\right)+m,\\\\ \nx^2-\\frac{y^2}{16}=1(x\\geq 1),\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n$得(16- k^2_{1} )x^2 +( k^2_{1}-2k_{1}m )x- \\frac{1}{4}k^2_{1}+k_{1}m-m^2-16=0,$\n\n\n\n$设 A(x_{1},y_{1}),B(x_{2},y_{2}) ,则 x_{1}+x_{2}=\\frac{k^2_1-2k_1m}{k^2_1-16} , x_{1} x_{2} =\\frac{\\frac{1}{4}k^2_1+m^2-k_1m+16}{k^2_1-16} ,则 |TA|=\\sqrt{1+k^2_1}(x_1-\\frac{1}{2}) , |TB|=\\sqrt{1+k^2_1}(x_2-\\frac{1}{2}) ,所以 |TA|\\cdot |TB|=(1+k^2_1)(x_1-\\frac{1}{2})(x_2-\\frac{1}{2})=\\frac{(m^2+12)(1+k^2_1)}{k^2_1-16} .设直线 PQ 的方程为 y-m=k_{2}(x-\\frac{1}{2}) ,同理得 |TP|\\cdot |TQ|=\\frac{(m^2+12)(1+k^2_2)}{k^2_2-16} ,因为 |TA|\\cdot |TB|=|TP|\\cdot |TQ| ,所以 \\frac{(m^2+12)(1+k^2_1)}{k^2_1-16} = \\frac{(m^2+12)(1+k^2_2)}{k^2_2-16} ,所以 \\frac{1+k^2_1}{k^2_1-16} = \\frac{1+k^2_2}{k^2_2-16} ,即 k^2_{1}=k^2_{2},由题意知 k_{1}\\neq k_{2} ,所以 k_{1}+k_{2}=0 ,即直线 AB 的斜率与直线 PQ 的斜率之和为0.$'] ['$0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +458 "已知抛物线$C: y^2=2pxi(p>0)的焦点F到准线的距离为2$. +$已知O为坐标原点,点P在C上,点Q满足 \overrightarrow{PQ} =9\overrightarrow{QF},求直线OQ斜率的最大值.$" ['$由已知不妨设点P(4x^2_0,4x_0),Q(x_1,y_1),则\\overrightarrow{PQ}=(x_1-4x^2_0,y_1-4x_0),\\because F(1,0),\\therefore \\overrightarrow{QF}=(1-x_1,-y_1),\\because \\overrightarrow{PQ}=9\\overrightarrow{QF},$\n\n$\\therefore \\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x_1-4x^2_0=9(1-x_1),\\\\ y_1-4x_0=9(-y_1),\\end{matrix}\\right.整理得\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x_1=\\frac{1}{10}(9+4x^2_0),\\\\ y_1=\\frac{4}{10}x_0,\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n$\\therefore k_{OQ}=\\frac{y_1}{x_1}=\\frac{4x_0}{9+4x^2_0},当k_{OQ}最大时,x_0>0,\\therefore k_{OQ}=\\frac{4}{\\frac{9}{x_0}+4x_0}\\leq \\frac{4}{2\\sqrt{36}}=\\frac{1}{3},当且仅当4x_0=\\frac{9}{x_0}时取“=”,此时x_0=\\frac{3}{2},点P的坐标为(9,6),因此k_{OQ}的最大值为\\frac{1}{3}.$'] ['$\\frac{1}{3}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +459 "$已知椭圆𝐶:\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(𝑎> 𝑏>0)过点𝐷(-2,0),且焦距为2\sqrt{3}。$ +$过点A(-4,0)的直线l(不与x轴重合)与椭圆C交于P,Q两点,点T与点Q关于x轴对称,直线TP与x轴交于点H.是否存在常数\lambda ,$使得$|AD|\cdot |DH|=\lambda (|AD|-|DH|)成立?若存在,求出\lambda 的值$;若不存在,说明理由." ['$设 P(x_1,y_1), Q(x_2,y_2), 因为点 T 与点 Q 关于 x 轴对称,所以 T(x_2,-y_2). 所以直线 PT 的斜率为 k_1=\\frac{y_1+y_2}{x_1-x_2}, 直线 PT 的方程为 y-y_1=\\frac{y_1+y_2}{x_1-x_2}(x-x_1). 令 y=0, 解得 x_H=\\frac{x_2y_1+x_1y_2}{y_1+y_2}. 所以 <|DH|= \\frac{x_2y_1+x_1y_2}{y_1+y_2}+2. 易得 |AD|=2, 所以“存在常数 \\lambda ,使得 |AD|\\cdot |DH|= \\lambda (|AD|-|DH|) 成立”等价于“存在常数 \\lambda ,使得2 \\left(\\frac{x_2y_1+x_1y_2}{y_1+y_2}+2\\right)= \\lambda \\left(2-\\frac{x_2y_1+x_1y_2}{y_1+y_2} - 2\\right) 成立”,即2 \\left(\\frac{x_2y_1+x_1y_2}{y_1+y_2}+2\\right)= \\lambda \\left(-\\frac{x_2y_1+x_1y_2}{y_1+y_2}\\right) 成立. 化简得2(x_2y_1+x_1y_2+2y_1+2y_2)=-\\lambda (x_2y_1+x_1y_2).$\n$设直线 l: y=k(x+4), k\\neq 0. 其中 y_1=k(x_1+4), y_2=k(x_2+4).即“存在常数 \\lambda ,使得2x_1x_2+6(x_1+x_2)+16=-\\lambda [x_1x_2+2(x_1+x_2)] 成立”.$\n$由 \\begin{matrix}y=k(x+4)\\\\ x^2+4y^2=4\\end{matrix} 得 (4k^2+1)x^2+32k^2x+64k^2-4=0. \\Delta=(32k^2)^2 - 4(4k^2+1)(64k^2-4)>0, 解得 k^2< \\frac{1}{12}. x_1+x_2= -\\frac{32k^2}{4k^2+1}, x_1x_2 = \\frac{64k^2-4}{4k^2+1}. 所以 2x_1x_2+6(x_1+x_2)+16=\\frac{8(16k^2-1)}{4k^2+1} - \\frac{6 \\times 32k^2}{4k^2+1} +16 = \\frac{8}{4k^2+1}. $\n\n$x_1x_2+2(x_1+x_2)= \\frac{64k^2-4}{4k^2+1} - \\frac{64k^2}{4k^2+1}= \\frac{-4}{4k^2+1}. $\n\n$欲使 \\frac{8}{4k^2+1}= -\\lambda \\left(\\frac{-4}{4k^2+1}\\right) 成立,只需 \\lambda =2. $\n\n$故存在 \\lambda ,使得 |AD|\\cdot |DH|= \\lambda (|AD|-|DH|) 成立.此时 \\lambda =2.$'] ['$\\lambda =2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +460 "$已知椭圆C: \frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1 (a>b>0)过点(0,\sqrt{3}),且离心率为\frac{1}{2}.设A,B为椭圆C的左、右顶点,P为椭圆上异于A,B的一点,直线AP,BP分别与直线l: x=4相交于M,N两点,且直线MB与椭圆C交于另一点H.$ +求证:直线AP与BP的斜率之积为定值;" ['证明:由题知kAP,kBP存在,且���为零,设P(x0,y0),A(-2,0),B(2,0),\n$则\\frac{{x_0}^2}{4}+\\frac{{y_0}^2}{3}=1,即y_0=\\frac{3(4-{x_0}^2)}{4},$\n$所以k_{AP}k_{BP}=\\frac{y_0}{x_0+2}\\cdot \\frac{y_0}{x_0-2}=\\frac{{y_0}^2}{{x_0}^2-4}=\\frac{\\frac{3(4-{x_0}^2)}{4}}{{x_0}^2-4}=-\\frac{3}{4}.$\n$所以直线AP与BP的斜率之积为定值-\\frac{3}{4}.$'] ['$-\\frac{3}{4}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +461 "$已知椭圆C: \frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1 (a>b>0)的长轴的两个端点分别为A(-2,0),B(2,0),离心率为\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}.$ +M为椭圆C上除A,B外任意一点,直线AM交直线x=4于点N,点O为坐标原点,过点O且与直线BN垂直的直线记为l,直线BM交y轴于点P,交直线l于点Q,求证: + +$\frac{|BP|}{|PQ|}$ + +为定值." ['$证明:设M(x_1,y_1),y_1\\neq 0,则\\frac{x^2_1}{4} + y^2_1=1,即x^2_1+4y^2_1=4, $\n$直线AM的方程为y=\\frac{y_1}{x_1+2}(x+2),令x=4得y=\\frac{6y_1}{x_1+2},即N\\left(4,\\frac{6y_1}{x_1+2}\\right), $\n$则k_{BN}=\\frac{\\frac{6y_1}{x_1+2}}{4-2}=\\frac{3y_1}{x_1+2}, $\n$由l\\perp BN,得k_{l}=-\\frac{x_1+2}{3y_1},故直线l的方程是y=-\\frac{x_1+2}{3y_1}x. $\n$直线BM的方程为y=\\frac{y_1}{x_1-2}(x-2),令x=0得y=-\\frac{2y_1}{x_1-2},即P\\left(0,-\\frac{2y_1}{x_1-2}\\right), $\n$联立\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}y=-\\frac{x_1+2}{3y_1}x,\\\\ y=\\frac{y_1}{x_1-2}(x-2),\\end{matrix}\\right. 由x^2_1+4y^2_1=4,可解得\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x=-6,\\\\ y=\\frac{2(x_1+2)}{y_1},\\end{matrix}\\right. 即Q\\left(-6,\\frac{2(x_1+2)}{y_1}\\right), $\n$所以\\frac{|BP|}{|PQ|} = \\frac{|x_P-x_B|}{|x_Q-x_P|} = \\frac{|0-2|}{|-6-0|} = \\frac{1}{3},为定值.$'] ['$\\frac{1}{3}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +462 "$椭圆C: \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} =1 (a>b>0) 的左、右焦点分别为 F_1、F_2, E 是椭圆 C 上一点,且 |F_1F_2| =2, |EF_1|+|EF_2|=4.$ +$M, N 是 y 轴上的两个动点(点 M 与点 E 位于 x 轴的两侧),\angle MF_1N=\angle MEN=90^\circ ,直线 EM 交 x 轴于点 P,求 \frac{|EP|}{|PM|} 的值.$" ['$设M(0,m),N(0,n),E(x_0,y_0).由(1)可知F_1(-1,0),F_2(1,0).因为\\angle MF_1N=90^\\circ ,所以\\vec{F_1M}\\vec{F_1N}=0,即(1,m)\\cdot (1,n)=1+mn=0,所以mn=-1.又因为\\angle MEN=90^\\circ ,所以\\vec{ME}\\vec{NE}=0,即(x_0,y_0-m)\\cdot (x_0,y_0-n)=x^2_0+y^2_0+(\\frac{1}{m}-m)y_0-1=0.又因为\\frac{x^2_0}{4}+\\frac{y^2_0}{3}=1,所以4-\\frac{4}{3}y^2_0+y^2_0+(\\frac{1}{m}-m)y_0-1=0.所以-\\frac{1}{3}(y_0-\\frac{3}{m})(y_0+3m)=0.所以y_0=\\frac{3}{m}或y_0=-3m.因为点M与点E位于x轴的两侧,即y_0与m异号,所以y_0=-3m.所以\\frac{|PE|}{|PM|}=\\left|\\frac{y_0}{m}\\right|=\\left|\\frac{-3m}{m}\\right|=3.$'] ['$3$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +463 "$已知椭圆C:\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)的离心率为\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2},长轴的一个端点为A,短轴的一个端点为B,O为坐标原点,且S_{\bigtriangleup OAB}=5.$ +$直线l:y=x+m与椭圆C交于P,Q两点,且直线l不经过点M(4,1).记直线MP,MQ的斜率分别为k_1,k_2,试探究k_1+k_2是不是定值.若是,请求出该定值;若不是,请说明理由.$" ['$结论:k_1+k_2=0,为定值.$\n\n$设P(x_1,y_1),Q(x_2,y_2),联立$\n\n$$\n\\begin{align*}\ny &= x+m, \\\\\n\\frac{x^2}{20}+\\frac{y^2}{5} &= 1,\n\\end{align*}\n$$\n\n$消去y得,5x^2+8mx+4m^2-20=0,$\n\n$\\therefore x_1+x_2=-\\frac{8m}{5},x_1x_2=\\frac{4m^2-20}{5}.$\n\n$\\therefore k_1+k_2= \\frac{y_1-1}{x_1-4} + \\frac{y_2-1}{x_2-4} = \\frac{(y_1-1)(x_2-4)+(y_2-1)(x_1-4)}{(x_1-4)(x_2-4)}$\n\n$=\\frac{(x_1+m-1)(x_2-4)+(x_2+m-1)(x_1-4)}{(x_1-4)(x_2-4)}$\n\n$=\\frac{2x_1x_2+(m-5)(x_1+x_2)-8(m-1)}{(x_1-4)(x_2-4)}$\n\n$=\\frac{\\frac{2(4m^2-20)}{5}-\\frac{8m(m-5)}{5}-8(m-1)}{(x_1-4)(x_2-4)}=0.$\n\n$所以k_1+k_2为定值,该定值为0.$'] ['$k_1+k_2=0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +464 "$已知椭圆M:\frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (a>b>0)过A(-2,0),B(0,1)两点.$ +求椭圆M的离心率;" ['$因为点A(-2,0),B(0,1)都在椭圆M上,所以a=2,b=1.所以c=\\sqrt{a^2-b^2}=\\sqrt{3}.所以椭圆M的离心率e=\\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}.$'] ['$\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +465 "$已知椭圆C: \frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)的离心率是\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2},且过点P(\sqrt{2},1).直线y=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}x+m与椭圆C相交于A,B两点.$ +求\triangle PAB的面积的最大值;" ['由\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}y=\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}x+m,\\\\ \\frac{x^2}{4}+\\frac{y^2}{2}=1,\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n$消去y整理得x^2+\\sqrt{2}mx+m^2-2=0.$\n令$\\Delta =2m^2-4(m^2-2)>0,$\n解得-2b>0)的离心率是\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2},且过点P(\sqrt{2},1).直线y=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}x+m与椭圆C相交于A,B两点.$ +$设直线PA,PB分别与y轴交于点M,N.判断|PM|,|PN|的大小关系,并加以证明.$" ['$|PM| = |PN|。证明如下:$\n\n$设直线PA,PB的斜率分别是k_1,k_2,$\n\n$则k_1 + k_2 = \\frac{y_1-1}{x_1-\\sqrt{2}}+\\frac{y_2-1}{x_2-\\sqrt{2}}$\n\n$= \\frac{(y_1-1)(x_2-\\sqrt{2})+(y_2-1)(x_1-\\sqrt{2})}{(x_1-\\sqrt{2})(x_2-\\sqrt{2})},$\n\n$因为(y_1-1)(x_2-\\sqrt{2})+(y_2-1)(x_1-\\sqrt{2})$\n\n$= \\left(\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}x_1+m-1\\right)(x_2-\\sqrt{2})+\\left(\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}x_2+m-1\\right)(x_1-\\sqrt{2})$\n\n$= \\sqrt{2}x_1x_2+(m-2)(x_1+x_2)-2\\sqrt{2}(m-1)$\n\n$= \\sqrt{2}(m^2-2)-\\sqrt{2}m\\cdot(m-2)-2\\sqrt{2}(m-1)=0,$\n\n$所以直线PA,PB的倾斜角互补.$\n$所以\\angle PMN = \\angle PNM。故|PM| = |PN|.$\n\n'] ['$|PM| = |PN|$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +467 "$已知椭圆 M :\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)的离心率为\frac{\sqrt{6}}{3},焦距为2\sqrt{2}.斜率为k的直线l与椭圆M有两个不同的交点A,B.$ +$若k=1,求|AB|的最大值;$" ['$设直线l的方程为y=x+m, A(x_1, y_1), B(x_2, y_2).由$\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}y=x+m,\\\\ \\frac{x^2}{3}+y^2=1\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n\n$得4x^2+6mx+3m^2-3=0.所以x_1+x_2=-\\frac{3m}{2}, x_1x_2=\\frac{3m^2-3}{4}.故$\n\n$$\n|AB|=\\sqrt{(x_2-x_1)^2+(y_2-y_1)^2}=\\sqrt{2(x_2-x_1)^2}=\\sqrt{2[(x_1+x_2)^2-4x_1x_2]}=\\sqrt{\\frac{12-3m^2}{2}}\n$$\n\n$当m=0,即直线l过原点时,|AB|最大,最大值为\\sqrt{6}.$'] ['$\\sqrt{6}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +468 "$已知椭圆 M :\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)的离心率为\frac{\sqrt{6}}{3},焦距为2\sqrt{2}.斜率为k的直线l与椭圆M有两个不同的交点A,B.$ +$设P(-2,0),直线PA与椭圆M的另一个交点为C,直线PB与椭圆M的另一个交点为D.若C,D和点Q (-\frac{7}{4},\frac{1}{4})共线,求k.$" ['$设A(x_1,y_1), B(x_2,y_2).由题意得x_1^2+3y_1^2=3, x_2^2+3y_2^2=3.直线PA的方程为y=\\frac{y_1}{x_1+2}(x+2).由$\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}y=\\frac{y_1}{x_1+2}(x+2),\\\\ x^2+3y^2=3,\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n$得[(x_1+2)^2+3y_1^2]x^2+12y_1^2x+12y_1^2-3(x_1+2)^2=0.设C(x_C,y_C).所以x_C+x_1=\\frac{-12y^2_1}{(x_1+2)^2+3y^2_1}=\\frac{4x^2_1-12}{4x_1+7}.$\n$所以x_C=\\frac{4x^2_1-12}{4x_1+7}-x_1=\\frac{-12-7x_1}{4x_1+7}.所以y_C=\\frac{y_1}{x_1+2}(x_C+2)=\\frac{y_1}{4x_1+7}.$\n$设D(x_D,y_D).同理得x_D=\\frac{-12-7x_2}{4x_2+7}, y_D=\\frac{y_2}{4x_2+7}.记直线CQ, DQ的斜率分别为k_{CQ},k_{DQ},则k_{CQ}-k_{DQ}=\\frac{\\frac{y_1}{4x_1+7}-\\frac{1}{4}}{\\frac{-12-7x_1}{4x_1+7}+\\frac{7}{4}}-\\frac{\\frac{y_2}{4x_2+7}-\\frac{1}{4}}{\\frac{-12-7x_2}{4x_2+7}+\\frac{7}{4}}=4(y_1-y_2-x_1+x_2).因为C, D, Q三点共线,所以k_{CQ}-k_{DQ}=0.故y_1-y_2=x_1-x_2.所以直线l的斜率k=\\frac{y_1-y_2}{x_1-x_2}=1.$'] ['$k=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +469 "$已知椭圆 C:\frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} =1(a>b>0)过点 M(2,3),点 A 为其左顶点,且 AM 的斜率为 \frac{1}{2}。$ +$点N为椭圆上任意一点,求\triangle AMN的面积的最大值.$" ['设与$直线AM平行的直线方程为x-2y=m$,当直线与椭圆相切时,与AM距离比较远的直线与椭圆的切点为N,$此时\\triangle AMN的面积取得最大值$.联立\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x-2y=m,\\\\ \\frac{x^2}{16}+\\frac{y^2}{12}=1,\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n\n消去$x得16y^2+12my+3m^2-48=0,所以\\Delta =144m^2-4\\times 16(3m^2-48)=0$,$即m^2=64,解得m=\\pm8,与AM距离比较远的直线方程为x-2y=8,两平行线(直线AM与直线x-2y=8)之间的距离为d=$\n\n$$\n\\frac{|8+4|}{\\sqrt{1+4}} = \\frac{12\\sqrt{5}}{5}\n$$\n\n\n\n$$\n|AM|= \\sqrt{(2+4)^2+3^2} = 3\\sqrt{5}.\n$$\n\n所以$\\triangle AMN$的面积的最大值为\n\n$$\n\\frac{1}{2} \\times 3\\sqrt{5} \\times \\frac{12\\sqrt{5}}{5} = 18.\n$$\n\n'] ['$18$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +470 "$已知抛物线C:x^2=2py(p>0)的���点为F,且F与圆M:x^2+(y+4)^2=1上点的距离的最小值为4.$ +$求p;$" ['由抛物线方程知焦点F的坐标为 \n\n$\\left(0,\\frac{p}{2}\\right)$\n\n$又因为点F到圆x^{2}+(y+4)^{2}=1 上点的距离的最小值为4,所以 $\n\n$\\frac{p}{2} +4-1=4,即 $\n\n$\\frac{p}{2} =1,解得 p=2.$'] ['$p=2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +471 "$已知抛物线C:x^2=2py(p>0)的焦点为F,且F与圆M:x^2+(y+4)^2=1上点的距离的最小值为4.$ +$若点P在M上,PA,PB是C的两条切线,A,B是切点,求\triangle PAB面积的最大值.$" "[""$由(1)知抛物线 C:x^{2}=4 y ,设 A(x_{1},y_{1}),B(x_{2},y_{2}),其中 y_{1}=\\frac{x^2_1}{4},y_{2}=\\frac{x^2_2}{4}.由 y=\\frac{x^2}{4} 得 y'=\\frac{x}{2},所以在点 A 处的切线斜率为 \\frac{x_1}{2},切线方程为 y-\\frac{x^2_1}{4}=\\frac{x_1}{2} (x-x_{1}),即 y=\\frac{x_1}{2}x-\\frac{x^2_1}{4},同理,在点 B 处的切线方程为 y=\\frac{x_2}{2}x-\\frac{x^2_2}{4}.易知两切线交于点 P,设 P(x_{0},y_{0}),$\n所以有\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\ny_0=\\frac{x_1}{2}x_0-\\frac{x^2_1}{4},\\\\ \ny_0=\\frac{x_2}{2}x_0-\\frac{x^2_2}{4},\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n即\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\ny_0=\\frac{x_1}{2}x_0-y_1,\\\\ \ny_0=\\frac{x_2}{2}x_0-y_2,\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n$由此可知(x_{1},y_{1}),(x_{2},y_{2})是直线 x_{0}x-2y-2y_{0}=0 上的两个点,即直线 AB 的方程为 x_{0}x-2y-2y_{0}=0,由$\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\nx^2=4y,\\\\ \nx_0x-2y-2y_0=0\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n$得 x^{2} -2 x_{0}x +4y_{0}=0,$\n$则,{x_1}+{x_2}=2x_{0},{x_1}{x_2}=4y_{0},\\Delta=4{x_0^2}-16y_{0},易知\\Delta>0,即{x_0^2}-4y_{0}>0,所以|AB|=\\sqrt{1+\\frac{x^2_0}{4}}\\times \\sqrt{(x_1+x_2)^2-4x_1x_2}=\\frac{\\sqrt{x^2_0+4}}{2}\\times \\sqrt{4x^2_0-16y_0}=\\sqrt{x^2_0+4}\\times \\sqrt{x^2_0-4y_0},而点 P (x_{0},y_{0})到直线 AB 的距离 d=\\frac{|x^2_0-2y_0-2y_0|}{\\sqrt{x^2_0+4}}=\\frac{|x^2_0-4y_0|}{\\sqrt{x^2_0+4}}=\\frac{x^2_0-4y_0}{\\sqrt{x^2_0+4}}.$\n\n$所以 {S_{\\triangle PAB}}=\\frac{1}{2}|AB|\\times d=\\frac{1}{2}\\cdot \\sqrt{x^2_0+4}\\cdot \\sqrt{x^2_0-4y_0}\\cdot \\frac{x^2_0-4y_0}{\\sqrt{x^2_0+4}}=\\frac{1}{2}({x_0^2}-4y_{0}){^{\\frac{3}{2}}},因为点 P 在 M 上,所以 {x_0^2}+({y_{0}+4}){^2}=1,所以 {x_0^2}=-{y_0^2}-8y_{0}-15.所以 {S_{\\triangle PAB}}=\\frac{1}{2}(-y_{0}{^2}-12y_{0}-15){^{\\frac{3}{2}}}=\\frac{1}{2}\\cdot [-(y_{0}+6){^2}+21]{^{\\frac{3}{2}}},由题易知 y_{0}\\in [-5,-3],所以当 y_{0}=-5时,{S_{\\triangle PAB}} 取得最大值,最大值为20\\sqrt{5} .即 \\triangle PAB 面积的最大值为 20\\sqrt{5}.$""]" ['$20\\sqrt{5}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +472 "$已知点A(2,1)在双曲线C:\frac{x^2}{a^2} - \frac{y^2}{a^2-1}=1(a>1)上,直线l交C于P,Q两点,直线AP,AQ的斜率之和为0.$ +求l的斜率;" ['$\\because 点A在双曲线上,$\n\n$\\therefore \\frac{4}{a^2} - \\frac{1}{a^2-1} =1,$\n\n$解得a^2=2.\\therefore C的方程为 \\frac{x^2}{2} - y^2 =1.①$\n\n设直线$l: y=kx+m.$②\n\n联立①②,$消去y得(1-2k^2)x^2-4kmx-2(m^2+1)=0.$\n\n$设P(x_1,y_1),Q(x_2,y_2),$\n\n$则x_1+x_2=\\frac{4km}{1-2k^2},x_1x_2=-\\frac{2m^2+2}{1-2k^2},$\n\n$k_{PA}=\\frac{y_1-1}{x_1-2},k_{QA}=\\frac{y_2-1}{x_2-2},$\n\n$由k_{PA}+k_{QA}=0,得\\frac{y_1-1}{x_1-2}+\\frac{y_2-1}{x_2-2}=0,$\n\n化简得2kx_1x_2+(m-2k-1)(x_1+x_2)-4(m-1)=0,\n\n$即2k\\cdot \\left(-\\frac{2m^2+2}{1-2k^2}\\right)(m-2k-1)\\cdot \\frac{4km}{1-2k^2}-4(m-1)=0,$\n\n化简得$(2k+m-1)(k+1)=0,$\n\n$\\therefore 2k+m-1=0或k+1=0.$\n\n若$2k+m-1=0,则l: y=k(x-2)+1,$\n\n$这时直线l过点A,不合题意,$\n\n$\\therefore k+1=0,\\therefore k=-1.$\n\n'] ['$k=-1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +473 "$已知点A(2,1)在双曲线C:\frac{x^2}{a^2} - \frac{y^2}{a^2-1}=1(a>1)上,直线l交C于P,Q两点,直线AP,AQ的斜率之和为0.$ +$若tan\angle PAQ=2\sqrt{2}, 求\triangle PAQ的面积.$" ['$由(1)知 k=-1, 从而 l:y=-x+m,$\n$设直线PA的倾斜角为\\alpha , 直线QA的倾斜角为\\beta ,$\n$则\\angle PAQ=\\alpha -\\beta ,$\n$\\therefore |tan(\\alpha -\\beta )|=2\\sqrt{2},$\n$即 |\\frac{k_{PA}-k_{QA}}{1+k_{PA} \\cdot k_{QA}}|=2\\sqrt{2},$\n$由题意知 k_{QA}=-k_{PA}, 解得 k^2_{PA}=2 或 k^2_{PA}=\\frac{1}{2}.$\n$\\because 双曲线C的渐近线斜率为\\pm\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2},$\n$\\therefore k^2_{PA}=2, 由对称性可取 k_{PA}=-\\sqrt{2}, 则 k_{QA}=\\sqrt{2},$\n$\\therefore 直线PA的方程为y=-\\sqrt{2}(x-2)+1,$\n$联立 \\left\\{\\begin{matrix}y=-\\sqrt{2}(x-2)+1,\\\\ \\frac{x^2}{2}-y^2=1,\\end{matrix}\\right. 得 x_1=\\frac{10+4\\sqrt{2}}{3},$\n$同理, x_2=\\frac{10-4\\sqrt{2}}{3},$\n$\\therefore |PA|=\\sqrt{1+k^2_{PA}}|x_1-2|=\\frac{4\\sqrt{3}(\\sqrt{2}+1)}{3},$\n$|QA|=\\sqrt{1+k^2_{QA}}|x_2-2|=\\frac{4\\sqrt{3}(\\sqrt{2}-1)}{3},$\n$由 tan\\angle PAQ=2\\sqrt{2} 得 sin\\angle PAQ=\\frac{2\\sqrt{2}}{3},$\n$\\therefore S_{\\triangle PAQ}=\\frac{1}{2}|PA||QA|sin\\angle PAQ$\n$=\\frac{1}{2} \\times\\frac{4\\sqrt{3}(\\sqrt{2}+1)}{3} \\times\\frac{4\\sqrt{3}(\\sqrt{2}-1)}{3} \\times\\frac{2\\sqrt{2}}{3} =\\frac{16\\sqrt{2}}{9}.$'] ['$\\frac{16\\sqrt{2}}{9}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +474 "某学校为了解高一新生的体质健康状况,对学生的体质进行了测试,现从男、女生中各随机抽取20人作为样本,把他们的测试数据,按照《国家学生体质健康标准》整理如下表,规定:数据\geq 60,体质健康为合格. + +| 等级 | 数据范围 | 男生人数 | 女生人数 | +| ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | +| 优秀 | [90,100] | 4 | 2 | +| 良好 | [80,89] | 5 | 4 | +| 及格 | [60,79] | 8 | 11 | +| 不及格 | 60以下 | 3 | 3 | +| 总计 | — | 20 | 20 | +估计该校高一年级学生体质健康等级是合格的概率;" ['样本中合格的学生数为4+2+5+4+8+11=34,样本总数为20+20=40,\n$估计高一年级学生体质健康等级合格的概率P= \\frac{34}{40} = \\frac{17}{20}.$'] ['$\\frac{17}{20}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +475 "某学校为了解高一新生的体质健康状况,对学生的体质进行了测试,现从男、女生中各随机抽取20人作为样本,把他们的测试数据,按照《国家学生体质健康标准》整理如下表,规定:数据\geq 60,体质健康为合格. + +| 等级 | 数据范围 | 男生人数 | 女生人数 | +| ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | +| 优秀 | [90,100] | 4 | 2 | +| 良好 | [80,89] | 5 | 4 | +| 及格 | [60,79] | 8 | 11 | +| 不及格 | 60以下 | 3 | 3 | +| 总计 | — | 20 | 20 | + +$从样本等级为优秀的学生中随机抽取3人进行再测试,设抽到的女生数为X,求X的数学期望;$" ['X的可能取值为0、1、2,\n$所以P(X=0)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^3_4}{\\mathrm{C}^3_6}=\\frac{4}{20}=\\frac{1}{5},$\n$P(X=1)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^2_4\\mathrm{C}^1_2}{\\mathrm{C}^3_6}=\\frac{12}{20}=\\frac{3}{5},$\n$P(X=2)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_4\\mathrm{C}^2_2}{\\mathrm{C}^3_6}=\\frac{4}{20}=\\frac{1}{5},$\n所以X的分布列为\n\n| X | 0 | 1 | 2 |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n|$P$|$\\frac15$|$\\frac35$|$\\frac15$|\n\n$所以E(X)=0\\times \\frac{1}{5}+1\\times \\frac{3}{5}+2\\times \\frac{1}{5}=1.$\n\n'] ['1'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +476 "某学校为了解高一新生的体质健康状况,对学生的体质进行了测试,现从男、女生中各随机抽取20人作为样本,把他们的测试数据,按照《国家学生体质健康标准》整理如下表,规定:数据\geq 60,体质健康为合格. + +| 等级 | 数据范围 | 男生人数 | 女生人数 | +| ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | +| 优秀 | [90,100] | 4 | 2 | +| 良好 | [80,89] | 5 | 4 | +| 及格 | [60,79] | 8 | 11 | +| 不及格 | 60以下 | 3 | 3 | +| 总计 | — | 20 | 20 | +从该校全体男生中随机抽取2人,全体女生中随机抽取1人,估计这3人中恰有2人健康等级是优秀的概率。" ['$由样本可知男生健康等级是优秀的概率为\\frac{4}{20}=\\frac{1}{5},女生健康等级是优秀的概率为\\frac{2}{20}=\\frac{1}{10},$\n\n$则这3人中恰有2人健康等级是优秀的概率P=\\left(\\frac{1}{5}\\right)^2\\times \\left(1-\\frac{1}{10}\\right)+\\frac{1}{5}\\times \\left(1-\\frac{1}{5}\\right)\\times \\frac{1}{10}+\\left(1-\\frac{1}{5}\\right)\\times \\frac{1}{5}\\times \\frac{1}{10}=\\frac{17}{250}.$'] ['$\\frac{17}{250}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +477 "电影公司随机收集了电影的有关数据,经分类整理得到下表: + +| 电影类型 | 第一类 | 第二类 | 第三类 | 第四类 | 第五类 | 第六类 | +| -------- | ------ | ------ | ------ | ------ | ------ | ------ | +| 电影部数 | 140 | 50 | 300 | 200 | 800 | 510 | +| 好评率 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.15 | 0.25 | 0.2 | 0.1 | + +好评率是指:一类电影中获得好评的部数与该类电影的部数的比值.假设所有电影是否获得好评相互独立. +从电影公司收集的电影中随机选取1部,求这部电影是获得好评的第四类电影的概率;" ['由题中表格可知电影的总部数为140+50+300+200+800+510=2 000,获得好评的第四类电影的部数为200\\times 0.25=50.\n$设从收集的电影中随机选取1部,这部电影是获得好评的第四类电影为事件A,则P(A)= \\frac{50}{2 000} = \\frac{1}{40}.$'] ['$\\frac{1}{40}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +478 "电影公司随机收集了电影的有关数据,经分类整理得到下表: + +| 电影类型 | 第一类 | 第二类 | 第三类 | 第四类 | 第五类 | 第六类 | +| -------- | ------ | ------ | ------ | ------ | ------ | ------ | +| 电影部数 | 140 | 50 | 300 | 200 | 800 | 510 | +| 好评率 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.15 | 0.25 | 0.2 | 0.1 | + +好评率是指:一类电影中获得好评的部数与该类电影的部数的比值.假设所有电影是否获得好评相互独立. +从第四类电影和第五类电影中各随机选取1部,估计恰有1部获得好评的概率;" ['由题中表格可得,第五类电影的总部数为800,获得好评的第五类电影的部数为800\\times 0.2=160,未获得好评的第五类电影的部数为800-160=640,\n第四类电影的总部数为200,由(1)知,获得好评的第四类电影的部数为50,未获得好评的第四类电影的部数为200-50=150,\n$设从第四类电影和第五类电影中各随机选取1部,恰有1部获得好评为事件B,则P(B)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_{50}\\mathrm{C}^1_{640}+\\mathrm{C}^1_{150}\\mathrm{C}^1_{160}}{\\mathrm{C}^1_{200}\\mathrm{C}^1_{800}}=\\frac{7}{20}.$'] ['$\\frac{7}{20}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +479 "改革开放以来,人们的支付方式发生了巨大转变.近年来,移动支付已成为主要支付方式之一.为了解某校学生上个月A,B两种移动支付方式的使用情况,从全校所有的1 000名学生中随机抽取了100人,发现样本中A,B两种支付方式都不使用的有5人,样本中仅使用A和仅使用B的学生的支付金额分布情况如下: + +| 支付金额/支付方式 | 不大于2 000元 | 大于2 000元 | +| --- | --- | --- | +| 仅使用A | 27人 | 3人 | +| 仅使用B | 24人 | 1人 | +估计该校学生中上个月A,B两种支付方式都使用的人数;" ['由题知,样本中仅使用A的学生有27+3=30人,仅使用B的学生有24+1=25人,A,B两种支付方式都不使用的学生有5人.\n故样本中A,B两种支付方式都使用的学生有100-30-25-5=40人.\n估计该校学生中上个月A,B两种支付方式都使用的人数为\n$\\frac{40}{100}\\times 1 000=400.$'] ['$400$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +480 "$已知\frac{\pi }{4}<\alpha <\frac{\pi }{2}, f(\alpha )=\frac{2\cos \left(\frac{\pi }{2}+\alpha \right) \cdot \sqrt{1-\sin 2\alpha }}{\tan (\alpha +\pi ) \cdot \sqrt{2+2\cos 2\alpha }}.$ +$若f(\alpha)=-\frac{1}{5},求\tan 2\alpha的值.$" ['$\\because \\frac{\\pi }{4} < \\alpha < \\frac{\\pi }{2}, \\therefore \\sin \\alpha > \\cos \\alpha > 0.$\n$由 \\left\\{\\begin{matrix}\\cos \\alpha -\\sin \\alpha =-\\frac{1}{5},\\\\ \\sin ^2\\alpha +\\cos ^2\\alpha =1,\\end{matrix}\\right. 可得 \\left\\{\\begin{matrix}\\sin \\alpha =\\frac{4}{5},\\\\ \\cos \\alpha =\\frac{3}{5},\\end{matrix}\\right. 所以 \\tan \\alpha = \\frac{\\sin \\alpha }{\\cos \\alpha } = \\frac{4}{3}, 所以 \\tan 2\\alpha = \\frac{2\\tan \\alpha }{1-\\tan ^2\\alpha } = \\frac{2 \\times \\frac{4}{3}}{1-\\frac{16}{9}} = -\\frac{24}{7}.$'] ['$-\\frac{24}{7}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +481 "$已知\cos \alpha =\frac{1}{3},且\alpha 是第四象限角.$ +$求\sin 2\alpha 和\cos 2\alpha 的值;$" ['$由cos \\alpha = \\frac{1}{3},sin^2\\alpha + cos^2\\alpha = 1得,sin^2\\alpha = 1 - cos^2\\alpha = \\frac{8}{9},又\\because \\alpha是第四象限角,\\therefore sin \\alpha=-\\sqrt{\\frac{8}{9}} = - \\frac{2\\sqrt{2}}{3},\\therefore sin 2\\alpha = 2sin \\alpha cos \\alpha= -\\frac{4\\sqrt{2}}{9},cos 2\\alpha = cos^2\\alpha -sin^2\\alpha = -\\frac{7}{9}.$'] ['$sin 2\\alpha = -\\frac{4\\sqrt{2}}{9},cos 2\\alpha = -\\frac{7}{9}.$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +482 "$已知\cos \alpha =\frac{1}{3},且\alpha 是第四象限角.$ +$求tan(\alpha -\frac{\pi }{4})的值.$" ['$由(1)可知\\tan \\alpha = \\frac{\\sin \\alpha }{\\cos \\alpha }=-2\\sqrt{2},$\n\n$\\therefore \\tan \\left(\\alpha -\\frac{\\pi }{4}\\right)=\\frac{\\tan \\alpha -\\tan \\frac{\\pi }{4}}{1+\\tan \\alpha \\cdot \\tan \\frac{\\pi }{4}}=\\frac{-2\\sqrt{2}-1}{1+(-2\\sqrt{2}) \\times 1}=\\frac{9+4\\sqrt{2}}{7}.$'] ['\\frac{9+4\\sqrt{2}}{7}'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +483 "$已知 2\sin \alpha=2\sin^2\frac{\alpha}{2}-1$ +$求sin \alpha cos \alpha + cos 2\alpha的值;$" ['$由已知得2sin \\alpha =-cos \\alpha,所以tan \\alpha =-\\frac{1}{2},$\n\n$则sin \\alpha cos \\alpha +cos 2\\alpha = \\frac{\\sin \\alpha \\cos \\alpha +{\\cos }^2\\alpha -{\\sin }^2\\alpha }{{\\sin }^2\\alpha +{\\cos }^2\\alpha } = \\frac{\\tan \\alpha +1-{\\tan }^2\\alpha }{{\\tan }^2\\alpha +1} = \\frac{1}{5}.$'] ['$\\frac{1}{5}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +484 "$已知 2\sin \alpha=2\sin^2\frac{\alpha}{2}-1$ +$已知\alpha\in (0,\pi ),\beta\in (0,\frac{\pi }{2}),且tan^{2}\beta-6tan \beta=1,求\alpha+2\beta的值.$" ['$由tan^2\\beta -6\\tan \\beta =1,可得tan 2\\beta =\\frac{2\\tan \\beta }{1-{\\tan }^2\\beta }=-\\frac{1}{3},$\n\n$则tan(\\alpha +2\\beta )=\\frac{\\tan \\alpha +\\tan 2\\beta }{1-\\tan \\alpha \\tan 2\\beta }=\\frac{-\\frac{1}{2}-\\frac{1}{3}}{1-\\left(-\\frac{1}{2}\\right) \\times \\left(-\\frac{1}{3}\\right)}=-1.$\n\n$因为\\beta \\in \\left(0,\\frac{\\pi }{2}\\right),所以2\\beta \\in (0,\\pi ),又tan 2\\beta =-\\frac{1}{3}>-\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{3},则2\\beta \\in \\left(\\frac{5\\pi }{6},\\pi \\right),$\n\n$因为\\alpha \\in (0,\\pi ),tan \\alpha =-\\frac{1}{2}>-\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{3},所以\\alpha \\in \\left(\\frac{5\\pi }{6},\\pi \\right),$\n\n$则\\alpha +2\\beta \\in \\left(\\frac{5\\pi }{3},2\\pi \\right),所以\\alpha +2\\beta =\\frac{7\\pi }{4}.$'] ['\\frac{7\\pi }{4}'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +485 "$已知\alpha,\beta\in (0,\frac{\pi }{2}),\cos \alpha=\frac{3}{5},\cos (\alpha+\beta)=\frac{5}{13}.$ +$求\sin \beta 的值;$" ['$因为 \\alpha ,\\beta 均为锐角,\\cos \\alpha = \\frac{3}{5} ,所以0 < \\alpha + \\beta < \\pi ,\\sin \\alpha = \\sqrt{1-\\cos^2\\alpha } = \\frac{4}{5} ,又\\cos (\\alpha + \\beta ) = \\frac{5}{13} > 0, 所以0 < \\alpha + \\beta < \\frac{\\pi}{2},\\sin (\\alpha + \\beta ) = \\sqrt{1-\\cos^2(\\alpha + \\beta )} = \\frac{12}{13}. $\n\n$所以\\sin \\beta = \\sin [\\alpha + \\beta -\\alpha ] = \\sin (\\alpha + \\beta ) \\cos \\alpha - \\cos (\\alpha + \\beta )・\\sin \\alpha = \\frac{12}{13} \\times \\frac{3}{5} - \\frac{5}{13} \\times \\frac{4}{5} = \\frac{16}{65}.$'] ['$\\frac{16}{65}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +486 "$已知\alpha,\beta\in (0,\frac{\pi }{2}),\cos \alpha=\frac{3}{5},\cos (\alpha+\beta)=\frac{5}{13}.$ +$求 cos(\alpha + 2\beta) 的值.$" ['$因为\\sin \\beta =\\frac{16}{65},且\\beta 为锐角,$\n$所以\\cos \\beta =\\sqrt{1-{\\sin }^2\\beta }=\\frac{63}{65},$\n$所以\\cos (\\alpha +2\\beta )=\\cos [(\\alpha +\\beta )+\\beta ]$\n$=\\cos (\\alpha +\\beta )\\cos \\beta -\\sin (\\alpha +\\beta )\\sin \\beta =\\frac{5}{13}\\times \\frac{63}{65}-\\frac{12}{13}\\times \\frac{16}{65}=\\frac{123}{845}.$'] ['\\frac{123}{845}'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +487 "$设函数f(x)=\sin\left(\omega x-\frac{\pi }{6}\right)+\sin\left(\omega x-\frac{\pi }{2}\right),其中0<\omega<3.已知f\left(\frac{\pi }{6}\right)=0.$ +$求\omega;$" ['$f(x) = \\sin\\left(\\omega x-\\frac{\\pi }{6}\\right)+\\sin\\left(\\omega x-\\frac{\\pi }{2}\\right)$\n$=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}\\sin \\omega x-\\frac{1}{2}\\cos \\omega x-\\cos \\omega x$\n$=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}\\sin \\omega x-\\frac{3}{2}\\cos \\omega x=\\sqrt{3}\\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\sin \\omega x-\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}\\cos \\omega x\\right)$\n$=\\sqrt{3}\\sin\\left(\\omega x-\\frac{\\pi }{3}\\right)$\n$因为f\\left(\\frac{\\pi }{6}\\right)=0,所以\\frac{\\omega \\pi }{6}-\\frac{\\pi }{3}=k\\pi,k\\in Z.$\n$故\\omega=6k+2,k\\in Z,又0<\\omega<3,所以\\omega=2.$'] ['$\\omega=2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +488 "$设函数f(x)=\sin\left(\omega x-\frac{\pi }{6}\right)+\sin\left(\omega x-\frac{\pi }{2}\right),其中0<\omega<3.已知f\left(\frac{\pi }{6}\right)=0.$ +$将函数y=f(x)的图象上各点的横坐标伸长为原来的2倍(纵坐标不变),再将得到的图象向左平移 \frac{\pi }{4} 个单位,得到函数y=g(x)的图象,求g(x)在 \left[-\frac{\pi }{4},\frac{3\pi }{4}\right] 上的最小值.$" ['$由(1)得 f(x)=\\sqrt{3}sin\\left(2x-\\frac{\\pi }{3}\\right),$\n\n$所以 g(x)=\\sqrt{3}sin\\left(x+\\frac{\\pi }{4}-\\frac{\\pi }{3}\\right)=\\sqrt{3}sin\\left(x-\\frac{\\pi }{12}\\right).$\n\n$因为 x\\in \\left[-\\frac{\\pi }{4},\\frac{3\\pi }{4}\\right],所以 x-\\frac{\\pi }{12}\\in \\left[-\\frac{\\pi }{3},\\frac{2\\pi }{3}\\right],$\n\n$当 x-\\frac{\\pi }{12}=-\\frac{\\pi }{3},即 x=-\\frac{\\pi }{4} 时, g(x) 取得最小值 -\\frac{3}{2}.$'] ['$-\\frac{3}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +489 "$已知函数f(x)= \sin(2\pi - x) \sin(\frac{3\pi}{2} - x) - \sqrt{3} \cos^{2} x + \sqrt{3}$ +$当x\in [0,\frac{7\pi }{12}]时,求f(x)的最小值.$" ['$由(1)可得 f(x) = \\sin(2x - \\frac{\\pi}{3}) + \\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}.$\n$由 x \\in [0, \\frac{7\\pi}{12}],可得 2x \\in [0, \\frac{7\\pi}{6}],2x - \\frac{\\pi}{3} \\in [-\\frac{\\pi}{3}, \\frac{5\\pi}{6}],$\n$则 \\sin(2x - \\frac{\\pi}{3}) \\in [-\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}, 1],\\sin(2x - \\frac{\\pi}{3}) + \\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2} \\in [0, \\frac{\\sqrt{3} + 2}{2}],故 x \\in [0, \\frac{7\\pi}{12}] 时,f(x) 的最小值为 0.$'] ['$0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +490 "$已知向量a=(1,-\sqrt{3}),b=(\sin x,\cos x),f(x)=a\cdot b.$ +$若f(\theta )=0,求\frac{2\cos ^2\frac{\theta }{2}-\sin \theta -1}{\sqrt{2}\sin \left(\theta +\frac{\pi }{4}\right)}的值;$" ['$因为a=(1,-\\sqrt{3}),b=(\\sin x,\\cos x),所以f(x)=a\\cdot b=\\sin x-\\sqrt{3}\\cos x,因为f(\\theta )=0,所以\\sin \\theta -\\sqrt{3}\\cos \\theta =0,所以\\tan \\theta =\\sqrt{3},所以\\frac{2\\cos ^2\\frac{\\theta }{2}-\\sin \\theta -1}{\\sqrt{2}\\sin \\left(\\theta +\\frac{\\pi }{4}\\right)}=\\frac{\\cos \\theta -\\sin \\theta }{\\sin \\theta +\\cos \\theta }=\\frac{1-\\tan \\theta }{\\tan \\theta +1}=\\frac{1-\\sqrt{3}}{\\sqrt{3}+1}=-2+\\sqrt{3}.$'] ['$-2+\\sqrt{3}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +491 "$已知函数f(x)=\cos^2{x}+\sqrt{3} \sin x \cos x - \frac{1}{2} (x \in \mathbb{R}).$ +$求f(x)的最小正周期;$" ['$f(x) = \\cos ^2 x + \\sqrt{3} \\sin x \\cos x - \\frac{1}{2} = \\frac{1+\\cos 2x}{2} + \\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2} \\sin 2x - \\frac{1}{2} = \\sin \\left(2x+\\frac{\\pi }{6}\\right), 所以 T = \\frac{2\\pi }{|\\omega |} = \\pi .$'] ['$\\pi$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +492 "$在\triangle ABC中,内角A,B,C所对的边分别为a,b,c.已知a \sin A=4b \sin B,ac=\sqrt{5}(a^2-b^2-c^2).$ +$求\cos A的值;$" ['$由a sinA=4b sinB及\\frac{a}{\\sin A}= \\frac{b}{\\sin B},得a=2b.$\n\n$由ac=\\sqrt{5}(a^2-b^2-c^2)及余弦定理的推论,得\\cos A=\\frac{b^2+c^2-a^2}{2bc}=\\frac{-\\frac{\\sqrt{5}}{5}ac}{ac}=-\\frac{\\sqrt{5}}{5}。$'] ['$-\\frac{\\sqrt{5}}{5}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +493 "$在\triangle ABC中,内角A,B,C所对的边分别为a,b,c.已知a \sin A=4b \sin B,ac=\sqrt{5}(a^2-b^2-c^2).$ +$求\sin (2B-A)的值.$" ['$由(1)可得\\sin A=\\frac{2\\sqrt{5}}{5},代入a\\sin A=4b\\sin B,得\\sin B=\\frac{a\\sin A}{4b}=\\frac{\\sqrt{5}}{5}.由(1)知,A为钝角,所以\\cos B=\\sqrt{1-\\sin ^2B}=\\frac{2\\sqrt{5}}{5}.于是\\sin 2B=2\\sin B\\cos B=\\frac{4}{5}, \\cos 2B=1-2\\sin ^2B=\\frac{3}{5},故\\sin (2B-A)=\\sin 2B\\cos A-\\cos 2B\\sin A=\\frac{4}{5}\\times \\left(-\\frac{\\sqrt{5}}{5}\\right)-\\frac{3}{5}\\times \\frac{2\\sqrt{5}}{5}=-\\frac{2\\sqrt{5}}{5}.$'] ['$-\\frac{2\\sqrt{5}}{5}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +494 "$在\triangle ABC中,3sin A=2sin B, tan C=\sqrt{35}.$ +求cos 2C;" ['$\\because tan C = \\sqrt{35},$\n$\\therefore cos C = \\frac{1}{6},$\n$\\therefore cos 2C = 2\\times (\\frac{1}{6})^{2} -1 = -\\frac{17}{18}.$'] ['$-\\frac{17}{18}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +495 "$在\triangle ABC中,3sin A=2sin B, tan C=\sqrt{35}.$ +$若AC-BC=1,求\triangle ABC的周长.$" ['设\\triangle ABC的内角A, B, C的对边分别为a, b, c.\n\n\\because 3sin A=2sin B,\\therefore 3a=2b,\n\n\\because AC-BC=b-a=1,\\therefore a=2,b=3.\n\n$由余弦定理可得 c^{2}=a^{2}+b^{2}-2ab \\cos C=4+9-2\\times 2\\times 3\\times \\frac{1}{6}=11,则c= \\sqrt{11},$\n\n$故\\triangle ABC的周长为5+ \\sqrt{11}.$'] ['$5+ \\sqrt{11}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +496 "$\triangle ABC的内角A、B、C的对边分别为a、b、c,已知\triangle ABC的面积为 \frac{a^2}{3\\sin A} .$ +$求sin B sin C;$" ['由题设得\n$\\frac{1}{2}ac\\sin B=\\frac{a^2}{3\\sin A},$\n$即\\frac{1}{2}c\\sin B=\\frac{a}{3\\sin A}.$\n$由正弦定理得\\frac{1}{2}\\sin C\\sin B=\\frac{\\sin A}{3\\sin A},$\n$故\\sin B\\sin C=\\frac{2}{3}.$'] ['$\\frac{2}{3}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +497 "$\triangle ABC的内角A、B、C的对边分别为a、b、c,已知\triangle ABC的面积为 \frac{a^2}{3\\sin A} .$ +$若6\cos B \cos C = 1,a=3,求\triangle ABC的周长.$" ['$由题设及(1)得 \\cos B \\cos C - \\sin B \\sin C = -\\frac{1}{2},$\n$即 \\cos (B+C) = -\\frac{1}{2}. 所以 B+C = \\frac{2\\pi }{3},故 A = \\frac{\\pi }{3}.$\n$由题设得 \\frac{1}{2} bc \\sin A = \\frac{a^2}{3 \\sin A},即 bc=8.$\n$由余弦定理得 b^2 + c^2 - bc = 9,即 (b + c)^2 - 3bc = 9,得 b + c = \\sqrt{33}. 故\\triangle ABC的周长为 3 + \\sqrt{33}.$'] ['$3 + \\sqrt{33}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +498 "$在平面四边形ABCD中,\angle ADC=90^\circ ,\angle A=45^\circ ,AB=2,BD=5。$ +求$cos\angle ADB$;" ['在$\\triangle ABD$中,由正弦定理得\n\n$\\frac{BD}{\\sin \\angle A} = \\frac{AB}{\\sin \\angle ADB}$\n\n由���设知,\n\n$\\frac{5}{\\sin 45 ^{\\circ} } = \\frac{2}{\\sin \\angle ADB}$\n\n$所以 \\\\sin \\angle ADB = \\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{5} $\n\n$由题设知,\\angle ADB<90^\\circ ,所以 \\\\cos \\angle ADB = \\sqrt{1-\\frac{2}{25}} = \\frac{\\sqrt{23}}{5}$'] ['$\\frac{\\sqrt{23}}{5}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +499 "$在平面四边形ABCD中,\angle ADC=90^\circ ,\angle A=45^\circ ,AB=2,BD=5。$ +$若DC=2\sqrt{2},求BC.$" ['$由题设及(1)知,\\cos \\angle BDC = \\sin \\angle ADB = \\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{5}. $\n\n$在\\triangle BCD中,由余弦定理得 BC^2 = BD^2 + DC^2 - 2\\cdot BD\\cdot DC\\cdot \\cos \\angle BDC = 25 + 8 -2\\times 5\\times 2\\sqrt{2}\\times \\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{5} = 25. $\n\n$所以BC = 5.$'] ['$BC = 5$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +500 "$在\triangle ABC中,内角A,B,C所对的边分别为a,b,c,且 \sin (2A+B)=\sin B-\sin A。$ +求C的大小;" ['$因为 \\sin (2A+B)=\\sin B-\\sin A,$\n\n$所以 \\sin (A+B+A)=\\sin (C+A)-\\sin A,$\n\n$故 \\sin (\\pi+A-C)=\\sin (C+A)-\\sin A,$\n\n$则 \\sin (C-A)=\\sin (C+A)-\\sin A,$\n\n$$\\sin $ C $\\cos $ A- $\\cos $ C $\\sin $ A=$\\sin $ C $\\cos $ A+ $\\cos $ C $\\sin $ A- $\\sin $ A$,\n\n$2 \\cos C \\sin A= \\sin A,由于 0< A,C < \\pi,所以 \\sin A>0,所以 \\cos C= \\frac{1}{2},$\n\n$则 C 为锐角,且 C= \\frac{\\pi }{3}.$'] ['$\\frac{\\pi }{3}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +501 "$在\triangle ABC中,内角A,B,C所对的边分别为a,b,c,且 \sin (2A+B)=\sin B-\sin A。$ +$若CD平分\angle ACB交AB于D且CD=\sqrt{3},求\triangle ABC面积的最小值.$" ['$在\\triangle ACD中,由正弦定理得\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{\\\\sin A}=\\frac{AD}{\\\\sin \\frac{\\pi }{6}},$\n$在\\triangle BCD中,由正弦定理得\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{\\\\sin B}=\\frac{BD}{\\\\sin \\frac{\\pi }{6}},$\n$所以AD\\cdot sin A=BD\\cdot sin B,由正弦定理得\\frac{AD}{BD}=\\frac{b}{a}.$\n$在\\triangle ACD中,由余弦定理得AD^2=b^2+3-2\\sqrt{3}b\\cdot \\\\cos \\frac{\\pi }{6}=b^2-3b+3,$\n$在\\triangle BCD中,由余弦定理得BD^2=a^2+3-2\\sqrt{3}a\\cdot \\\\cos \\frac{\\pi }{6}=a^2-3a+3,$\n$所以\\frac{AD^2}{BD^2}=\\frac{b^2-3b+3}{a^2-3a+3}=\\frac{b^2}{a^2},整理得(a+b-ab)(a-b)=0,所以a=b或a+b=ab.$\n$当a=b时,\\triangle ABC是等边三角形,CD\\perp AB,AD=BD=1,$\n$AB=AC=BC=2,所以S_{\\triangle ABC}=\\frac{1}{2}\\times2\\times2\\times \\\\sin \\frac{\\pi }{3}=\\sqrt{3}.$\n$当a+b=ab时,ab=a+b\\geq2\\sqrt{ab},\\sqrt{ab}\\geq2,ab\\geq4,当且仅当a=b=2时等号成立,$\n$所以S_{\\triangle ABC}=\\frac{1}{2}ab \\\\sin C\\geq\\frac{1}{2}\\times4\\times\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}=\\sqrt{3}.$\n$综上所述,\\triangle ABC面积的最小值为\\sqrt{3}.$'] ['$\\sqrt{3}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +502 "$已知函数f(x)=2\sqrt{3}sin xcos x+2\cos ^2x+m,其中m为实常数.$ +$设集合A=\left\{x\left|\right.-\frac{\pi }{12}\leq x\leq \frac{\pi }{6}\right\},已知当x\in A时,f(x)的最小值为2,当x\in A时,求f(x)的最大值.$" ['$由(1)得f(x)=2\\sin \\left(2x+\\frac{\\pi }{6}\\right)+1+m,当-\\frac{\\pi }{12} \\leq x \\leq \\frac{\\pi }{6}时,0 \\leq 2x+\\frac{\\pi }{6} \\leq \\frac{\\pi }{2},所以0 \\leq \\sin \\left(2x+\\frac{\\pi }{6}\\right) \\leq 1,所以 f(x)_{min}=2\\times 0+1+m=2,解得m=1,所以 f(x)_{max}=2\\times 1+1+1=4,所以当x \\in A时,f(x)的最大值为4.$'] ['$4$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +503 "$已知函数f(x)=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\left[\\cos \left(2x+\frac{\pi }{6}\right)+4\\sin x\\cos x\right]+1,x\in \mathbb{R}.$ +$若 f\left(\frac{x_0}{2}\right)=\frac{3}{5},x_0\in [-\frac{\pi}{2},0],求cos 2x_0;$" ['$f(x)=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{3}\\left[\\\\cos \\left(2x+\\frac{\\pi }{6}\\right)+4\\\\sin x\\\\cos x\\right]+1$\n$=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{3}\\left[\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}\\\\cos 2x-\\frac{1}{2}\\\\sin 2x+2\\\\sin 2x\\right]+1$\n$=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}\\sin 2x+\\frac{1}{2}\\cos 2x+1=\\sin \\left(2x+\\frac{\\pi }{6}\\right)+1$\n$由f\\left(\\frac{x_0}{2}\\right)=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}\\sin x_0+\\frac{1}{2}\\cos x_0+1=\\frac{3}{5},得\\sqrt{3}\\sin x_0+\\cos x_0=-\\frac{4}{5}$\n$即 \\cos x_0=-\\frac{4}{5}-\\sqrt{3}\\sin x_0,又因为 \\\\sin ^2 x_0+\\cos ^2x_0=1,可得 4\\sin ^2x_0+\\frac{8\\sqrt{3}}{5}\\sin x_0-\\frac{9}{25}=0$\n$由x_0\\in\\left[-\\frac{\\pi }{2},0\\right],解得 \\sin x_0=\\frac{-\\sqrt{21}-2\\sqrt{3}}{10}$\n$则有 \\cos 2x_0=1-2\\\\sin ^2x_0=\\frac{17-12\\sqrt{7}}{50}.$'] ['$\\frac{17-12\\sqrt{7}}{50}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +504 "$已知集合A=\{x|x=2n-1,n\in N^\}���B=\{x|x=3^{n},n\in N^\}$,$将A与B中的所有元素按从小到大的顺序排列构成数列\{a_n\}(若有相同元素,按重复方式计入排列)为1,3,3,5,7,9,9,11,\ldots .设数列\{a_n\}的前n项和为S_n.$ +$求S_{50}的值.$" ['$2\\times 50-1=99,3^4=81<99,3^5=243>99,$\n\n$因此数列{a_n}的前50项中含有B中的元素为3,9,27,81,共有4项,含有A中的元素为1,3,5,7,9,\\ldots ,27,29,\\ldots ,79,81,83,\\ldots ,2\\times 46-1=91,共有46项,$\n\n$\\therefore S_{50}=\\frac{46 \\times (1+91)}{2}+(3+9+27+81)=2 116+120=2 236.$'] ['2236'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +505 "$已知数列a_n的前n项和为S_n,a_1=-11,a_2=-9,且S_{n+1}+S_{n-1}=2S_n+2 (n\geq 2).$ +$已知b_n = \frac{1}{a_na_{n+1}},求数列b_n的前n项和T_n。$" ['$由题知,b_n = \\frac{1}{(2n-13)(2n-11)} = \\frac{1}{2} \\left(\\frac{1}{2n-13}-\\frac{1}{2n-11}\\right),$\n\n$则 T_n = \\frac{1}{2} \\left[ \\left(-\\frac{1}{11}+\\frac{1}{9}\\right) + \\left(-\\frac{1}{9}+\\frac{1}{7}\\right) +\\ldots + \\left(\\frac{1}{2n-13}-\\frac{1}{2n-11}\\right) \\right] = \\frac{1}{2} \\left(-\\frac{1}{11}-\\frac{1}{2n-11}\\right) = \\frac{n}{121-22n}.$'] ['$\\frac{n}{121-22n}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +506 "$已知数列{a_n}满足a_na_{n+1}=2^{2n},a_1=1.$ +$求满足a_1+a_2+\ldots +a_{2n}<2022的最大的正整数n的值.$" ['$令 S_{2n} =a_1+a_2+\\ldots +a_{2n},所以 S_{2n} = \\frac{1-4^n}{1-4} + \\frac{4(1-4^n)}{1-4} = \\frac{5(4^n-1)}{3},易知 f(x) = \\frac{5(4^x-1)}{3} 在定义域上单调递增,且 f(4) =425, f(5) = 1705, f(6) = 6825,因为 a_1+a_2+\\ldots +a_{2n} < 2022,所以 n < 6,又因为 n 为正整数,所以 n 的最大值为5。$'] ['5'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +507 "$记S_n为数列{a_n}的前n项和,已知S_n=na_n-n^2+n.$ +$若a_1,a_4,a_6成等比数列,求\frac{S_n+9}{n}的最小值.$" ['$由(1)可得a_4=a_1+6,a_6=a_1+10.$\n$\\because a_1,a_4,a_6成等比数列,\\therefore a^2_4=a_1a_6,即(a_1+6)^2=a_1(a_1+10),解得a_1=-18,$\n$\\therefore S_n=-18n+\\frac{n(n-1)}{2}\\times 2=n^2-19n,$\n$\\therefore \\frac{S_n+9}{n}=\\frac{n^2-19n+9}{n}=n+\\frac{9}{n}-19\\geq 2\\sqrt{n \\cdot \\frac{9}{n}}-19=-13,$\n$当且仅当n=\\frac{9}{n},即n=3时取等号,\\therefore \\frac{S_n+9}{n}的最小值为-13.$'] ['$-13$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +508 "$等差数列{a_n}的前n项和为S_n,已知a_{10}=30,a_{20}=50.$ +$若S_n=242,求n。$" ['$由(1)可得 S_n = 12n + \\frac{n(n-1)}{2} \\times 2 = n^2 + 11n, 令 n^2 + 11n = 242,解得t = -22 (舍去)或 n=11,故 n=11.$'] ['$n=11$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +509 "$已知函数f(x)=2\sin x \cdot \left(\cos^2\frac{x}{2} - \sin^2\frac{x}{2}\right) - \sqrt{3}\cos 2x.$ +$求f(x)的最小正周期;$" ['$f(x)=2sinx(cos^2\\frac{x}{2}-sin^2\\frac{x}{2})-\\sqrt{3}cos2x=2sinxcosx-\\sqrt{3}cos2x=sin2x-\\sqrt{3}cos2x=2sin\\left(2x-\\frac{\\pi }{3}\\right).$\n\n$所以f(x)的最小正周期为\\pi .$'] ['$\\pi$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +510 "$在\triangle ABC中,\sin 2C=\sqrt{3}\sin C.$ +$求\angle C;$" ['$\\because \\sin 2 C = \\sqrt{3} \\sin C , \\therefore 2\\sin C \\cos C = \\sqrt{3} \\sin C , 又\\sin C \\neq 0, \\therefore \\cos C = \\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}. $\n\n$\\because \\angle C \\in (0,\\pi ), \\therefore \\angle C = \\frac{\\pi }{6}.$'] ['$\\frac{\\pi }{6}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +511 "$在\triangle ABC中,\sin 2C=\sqrt{3}\sin C.$ +$若b=6,且\triangle ABC的面积为6\sqrt{3},求\triangle ABC的周长.$" ['$\\because S_{\\triangle ABC}=\\frac{1}{2}ab\\sin C=\\frac{1}{2}a\\times 6\\times sin\\frac{\\pi }{6}=\\frac{3}{2}a=6\\sqrt{3},$\n$\\therefore a=4\\sqrt{3}.$\n$由余弦定理得c^2=(4\\sqrt{3})^2+6^2-2\\times 4\\sqrt{3}\\times 6\\times \\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}=12,$\n$\\therefore c=2\\sqrt{3},\\therefore \\triangle ABC的周长为a+b+c=6+6\\sqrt{3}.$'] ['$6+6\\sqrt{3}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +512 "$在\triangle ABC中,a=3,b-c=2,\cos B=-\frac{1}{2}.$ +求b,c的值;" ['$由余弦定理 b^2=a^2+c^2-2ac \\cos B 及已知,得 b^2=3^2+c^2-2 \\times 3 \\times c \\times \\left(-\\frac{1}{2}\\right).$\n\n$因为 b=c+2 ,所以 (c+2)^2=3^2+c^2-2 \\times 3 \\times c \\times \\left(-\\frac{1}{2}\\right).$\n\n$解得 c=5. 所以 b=7.$'] ['c=5, b=7'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +513 "$在\triangle ABC中,a=3,b-c=2,\cos B=-\frac{1}{2}.$ +$求\sin (B-C)的值.$" ['$由\\cos B=-\\frac{1}{2}得\\sin B=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}.$\n$由正弦定理得\\sin C=\\frac{c}{b}\\sin B=\\frac{5\\sqrt{3}}{14}.$\n$在\\triangle ABC中,\\angle B是钝角,所以\\angle C为锐角.$\n$所以\\cos C=\\sqrt{1-\\sin ^2C}=\\frac{11}{14}.$\n$所以\\sin (B-C)=\\sin B\\cos C-\\cos B\\sin C=\\frac{4\\sqrt{3}}{7}.$'] ['$\\frac{4\\sqrt{3}}{7}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +514 "$已知在\triangle ABC中,A + B = 3C, 2sin(A - C) = sin B.$ +$求\sin A;$" "['$\\because A+B+C=\\pi ,A+B=3C,$\n\n$\\therefore C=\\frac{\\pi }{4},B=\\frac{3\\pi }{4}-A,$\n\n$又\\because 2\\sin (A-C)=\\sin B,$\n\n$\\therefore 2\\sin \\left(A-\\frac{\\pi }{4}\\right)=\\sin \\left(\\frac{3\\pi }{4}-A\\right),$\n\n$即2\\left(\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}\\sin A-\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}\\cos A\\right)=\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}\\cos A-\\left(-\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}\\right)\\sin A,$\n\n$整理得\\sin A=3\\cos A,$\n\n$又\\because \\sin ^2A+cos^2A=1,A\\in \\left(0,\\frac{3\\pi }{4}\\right),\\therefore \\sin A=\\frac{3\\sqrt{10}}{10}.$' + '$\\because A+B+C=\\pi ,A+B=3C,\\therefore C=\\frac{\\pi }{4}.$\n\n$又\\because 2\\sin (A-C)=\\sin B,\\therefore 2\\sin (A-C)=\\sin (A+C),$\n\n$即2\\sin A\\cos C-2\\cos A\\sin C=\\sin A\\cos C+\\cos A\\sin C,$\n\n$化简得\\sin A\\cos C=3\\cos A\\sin C,$\n\n$\\therefore \\tan A=3\\tan C=3,\\therefore \\frac{\\sin A}{\\cos A}=3,$\n\n$又\\because \\sin ^2A+cos^2A=1,A\\in \\left(0,\\frac{3\\pi }{4}\\right),\\therefore \\sin A=\\frac{3\\sqrt{10}}{10}.$']" ['\\frac{3\\sqrt{10}}{10}'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +515 "$已知在\triangle ABC中,A + B = 3C, 2sin(A - C) = sin B.$ +$设AB=5, 求AB边上的高.$" ['$解法一:过C作CD\\perp AB,垂足为D,如图$\n\n\n\n$在\\triangle ABC中,由正弦定理得\\frac{AB}{\\sin \\angle ACB}=\\frac{BC}{\\sin A},即\\frac{5}{\\sin \\frac{\\pi }{4}}=\\frac{BC}{\\frac{3\\sqrt{10}}{10}},\\therefore BC=3\\sqrt{5}。$\n\n$由(1)知\\cos A=\\frac{\\sqrt{10}}{10},$\n\n$\\therefore \\sin B=\\sin \\left(\\frac{3\\pi }{4}-A\\right)=\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}\\cos A+\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}\\sin A=\\frac{2\\sqrt{5}}{5}。$\n\n$在Rt\\triangle BCD中,CD=BC\\cdot \\sin B=3\\sqrt{5}\\times \\frac{2\\sqrt{5}}{5}=6,即AB边上的高为6。$\n\n$解法二:由(1)知C=\\frac{\\pi }{4},\\sin A=\\frac{3\\sqrt{10}}{10},\\cos A=\\frac{\\sqrt{10}}{10},则\\sin B=\\sin \\left(\\frac{3\\pi }{4}-A\\right)=\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}\\cos A+\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}\\sin A=\\frac{2\\sqrt{5}}{5}。$\n\n$在\\triangle ABC中,由正弦定理得\\frac{AB}{\\sin C}=\\frac{AC}{\\sin B}=\\frac{BC}{\\sin A},$\n\n$\\therefore \\frac{5}{\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}}=\\frac{AC}{\\frac{2\\sqrt{5}}{5}}=\\frac{BC}{\\frac{3\\sqrt{10}}{10}},\\therefore AC=2\\sqrt{10},BC=3\\sqrt{5},$\n\n$\\therefore S_{\\triangle ABC}=\\frac{1}{2}AC\\cdot BC\\cdot \\sin C=\\frac{1}{2}\\times 2\\sqrt{10}\\times 3\\sqrt{5}\\times \\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}=15。$\n\n$设AB边上的高为h,则\\frac{1}{2}\\times 5h=15,\\therefore h=6。$'] ['6'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +516 "$记\triangle ABC的内角A,B,C的对边分别为a,b,c,已知\triangle ABC面积为\sqrt{3},D为BC的中点,且AD=1.$ +$若\angle ADC=\frac{\pi }{3},求\tan B;$" ['$由题意知 S_{\\triangle ABC} = \\sqrt{3}, BD=DC,\\therefore S_{\\triangle ADC} = \\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}.$\n$\\because S_{\\triangle ADC} = \\frac{1}{2}DA \\cdot DC \\cdot sin\\angle ADC = \\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}, DA=1, \\angle ADC = \\frac{\\pi}{3}, \\therefore \\frac{1}{2}DCsin\\frac{\\pi}{3} = \\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}, \\therefore DC=2,$\n$\\therefore BD=2, 易知 \\angle ADB = \\frac{2\\pi}{3},$\n$在\\triangle ADB中,由余弦定理可知,AB^{2} = BD^{2} + DA^{2} - 2DA \\cdot DB \\cdot cos \\angle ADB, 即 AB^{2} = 2^2 + 1 - 2 \\cdot 1 \\cdot 2 \\cdot \\left(-\\frac{1}{2}\\right) = 7,$\n$\\therefore AB = \\sqrt{7},$\n$\\therefore cos B = \\frac{AB^{2} + BD^{2} - AD^{2}}{2AB \\cdot BD} = \\frac{7 + 4 - 1}{2\\sqrt{7} \\cdot 2} = \\frac{5\\sqrt{7}}{14},$\n$\\therefore sin B = \\sqrt{1 - cos^{2}B} = \\sqrt{1 - \\frac{25}{28}} = \\frac{\\sqrt{21}}{14},$\n$\\therefore tan B = \\frac{\\sin B}{\\cos B} = \\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{5}.$'] ['$\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{5}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +517 "$记\triangle ABC的内角A,B,C的对边分别为a,b,c,已知\triangle ABC面积为\sqrt{3},D为BC的中点,且AD=1.$ +$若b^{2}+c^{2}=8,求b,c.$" ['$如图所示,延长AD至E,使DE=AD,连接BE,CE,$\n\n\n\n$易得四边形ABEC为平行四边形,\\therefore AB=CE,AC=BE,由余弦定理得BC^2=AB^2+AC^2-2AB\\cdot AC\\cos \\angle BAC,AE^2=AC^2+CE^2-2AC\\cdot CE\\cos \\angle ACE,两式相加得BC^2+AE^2=2(AB^2+AC^2),即BC^2+AE^2=2(b^2+c^2)=16, $\n$又AE=2AD=2,\\therefore BC^2=12,\\therefore BC=2\\sqrt{3}, $\n$\\because S_\\triangle ADC=\\frac{1}{2}AD\\cdot DC\\cdot \\sin \\angle ADC=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2},AD=1,DC=\\sqrt{3}, $\n$\\therefore \\sin \\angle ADC=1,\\therefore AD\\perp BC,\\therefore b=c, $\n$又b^2+c^2=8,\\therefore b=c=2.$'] ['b=c=2'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +518 "$在\triangle ABC中,已知\angle BAC=120^\circ ,AB=2,AC=1.$ +$求\sin \angle ABC;$" ['$在\\triangle ABC中,由余弦定理,得BC^2=2^2+1^2-2\\times 2\\times 1\\times \\cos 120^\\circ =7,则BC=\\sqrt{7}. $\n\n$由正弦定理,得\\frac{AC}{\\sin \\angle ABC}=\\frac{BC}{\\sin \\angle BAC}, $\n\n$则\\sin \\angle ABC=\\frac{AC\\cdot \\sin \\angle BAC}{BC}=\\frac{1\\times \\sin 120^{\\circ}}{\\sqrt{7}}=\\frac{\\sqrt{21}}{14}.$'] ['\\frac{\\sqrt{21}}{14}'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +519 "$在\triangle ABC中,已知\angle BAC=120^\circ ,AB=2,AC=1.$ +$若D为BC上一点,且\angle BAD=90^\circ ,求\triangle ADC的面积.$" ['$在Rt\\triangle ABD中,由(1)知\\sin \\angle ABD=\\frac{\\sqrt{21}}{14},且\\angle ABD为锐角,所以\\tan \\angle ABD=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{5}. $\n$在Rt\\triangle ABD中,AB=2,则AD=AB\\cdot \\tan \\angle ABD=2\\times \\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{5}=\\frac{2\\sqrt{3}}{5}. $\n$在\\triangle ADC中,\\angle DAC=30^\\circ ,AC=1, $\n$\\therefore \\triangle ADC的面积S=\\frac{1}{2}\\times \\frac{2\\sqrt{3}}{5}\\times 1\\times \\sin 30^\\circ =\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{10}. $\n\n一题多解\n$在\\triangle ABC中,AB=2,AC=1,\\angle BAC=120^\\circ , $\n$\\therefore S_{\\triangle ABC}=\\frac{1}{2}\\times 2\\times 1\\times \\sin 120^\\circ =\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}, $\n$又\\frac{S_{\\vartriangle ACD}}{S_{\\vartriangle ABD}}=\\frac{\\frac{1}{2}AC\\cdot AD\\cdot \\sin 30^{\\circ}}{\\frac{1}{2}AB\\cdot AD}=\\frac{1\\times \\frac{1}{2}}{2}=\\frac{1}{4}, $\n$\\therefore S_{\\triangle ACD}=\\frac{1}{5}S_{\\triangle ABC}=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{10}.$'] ['$\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{10}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +520 "$记\triangle ABC的内角A,B,C的对边分别为a,b,c,已知\sin C \cdot \sin(A-B) = \sin B \cdot \sin(C-A).$ +$若a=5,cos A=\frac{25}{31},求\triangle ABC的周长.$" ['$: 由题意及余弦定理可得,b^2+c^2-a^2=2bc cos A=\\frac{50}{31} bc=25,即2bc=31,又由(1)知b^2+c^2=2a^2,所以(b+c)^2=2bc+2a^2=81,所以b+c=9,所以a+b+c=14,故\\triangle ABC的周长为14.$'] ['$14$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +521 "$记\triangle ABC的内角A,B,C的对边分别为a,b,c,已知\frac{\cos A}{1+\sin A}=\frac{\sin 2B}{1+\cos 2B}.$ +$若C=\frac{2\pi }{3},求B;$" ['$\\because \\frac{\\\\cos A}{1+\\\\sin A} = \\frac{\\\\sin 2B}{1+\\\\cos 2B} = \\frac{2\\\\sin B\\\\cos B}{2\\\\cos ^2B} (采分点:出现二倍角公式,给1分), cos B \\neq 0,$\n\n$\\therefore \\frac{\\\\cos A}{1+\\\\sin A} = \\frac{\\\\sin B}{\\\\cos B},$\n\n$\\therefore cos A cos B - sin A sin B = sin B,$\n\n即 $cos (A + B) = sin B$,\n\n$又 C = \\frac{2\\pi }{3}, \\therefore sin B = cos (A + B) = -cos C = -cos \\frac{2\\pi }{3} = \\frac{1}{2},$\n\n$\\because 0 < B < \\frac{\\pi }{3}, \\therefore B = \\frac{\\pi }{6}.$\n\n'] ['$B = \\frac{\\pi }{6}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +522 "$记\triangle ABC的内角A,B,C的对边分别为a,b,c,已知\frac{\cos A}{1+\sin A}=\frac{\sin 2B}{1+\cos 2B}.$ +$求\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2}的最小值.$" ['由(1)知,$sin B=cos(A+B)=-cos C$, \n$\\because sin B>0恒成立,\\therefore C\\in \\left(\\frac{\\pi }{2},\\pi \\right), $\n$\\because -cos C=sin\\left(C-\\frac{\\pi }{2}\\right), $\n$\\therefore C-\\frac{\\pi }{2}=B,\\therefore A=\\frac{\\pi }{2}-2B, $\n\n \n\n$\\because A>0,\\therefore B\\in \\left(0,\\frac{\\pi }{4}\\right), $\n$\\therefore \\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2}=\\frac{\\\\sin ^2A+\\\\sin ^2B}{\\\\sin ^2C}=\\frac{\\\\cos ^22B+\\\\sin ^2B}{\\\\cos ^2B} $\n$=\\frac{(2\\\\cos ^2B-1)^2+(1-\\\\cos ^2B)}{\\\\cos ^2B}, $\n\n \n\n$令cos^2 B =t, t\\in \\left(\\frac{1}{2},1\\right), $\n$\\therefore \\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2}=\\frac{(2t-1)^2+(1-t)}{t}=4t+\\frac{2}{t}-5\\geq 4\\sqrt{2}-5, $\n\n \n\n$当且仅当4t= \\frac{2}{t} ,即 t= \\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2} 时,取“=”.(扣分点,不写扣1分) $\n$\\therefore \\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2}的最小值为4\\sqrt{2}-5.$'] ['$4\\sqrt{2}-5$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +523 "$记\triangle ABC的内角A,B,C的对边分别为a,b,c,分别以a,b,c为边长的三个正三角形的面积依次为S_1,S_2,S_3.已知S_1-S_2+S_3=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2},sin B=\frac{1}{3}.$ +$若sin A sin C=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{3},求b。$" ['$由正弦定理\\frac{a}{\\sin A} = \\frac{b}{\\sin B} = \\frac{c}{\\sin C},得到\\frac{b^2}{\\sin ^2B} = \\frac{ac}{\\sin A \\sin C}。$\n\n$又知道 ac = \\frac{3\\sqrt{2}}{4},且 sin A sin C = \\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{3}。$\n\n$因此,有 \\frac{b^2}{\\sin ^2B} = \\frac{9}{4},则 \\frac{b}{\\sin B} = \\frac{3}{2}。$\n\n$最后,求得 b = \\frac{3}{2} sin B = \\frac{3}{2} \\times \\frac{1}{3} = \\frac{1}{2}。$'] ['$\\frac{1}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +524 "$在\triangle ABC中,角A,B,C所对的边分别为a,b,c.已知4a=\sqrt{5}c,cos C=\frac{3}{5}.$ +$求sin A的值;$" ['$由于cos C=\\frac{3}{5},sin C>0,则sin C=\\frac{4}{5}. $\n\n$由已知及正弦定理得4sin A=\\sqrt{5}sin C,则sin A=\\frac{\\sqrt{5}}{5}.$'] ['$\\frac{\\sqrt{5}}{5}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +525 "$在\triangle ABC中,角A,B,C所对的边分别为a,b,c.已知4a=\sqrt{5}c,cos C=\frac{3}{5}.$ +$若b=11,求\triangle ABC的面积.$" ['$解法一:由\\sin C=\\frac{4}{5}>\\sin A=\\frac{\\sqrt{5}}{5}, \\cos C=\\frac{3}{5}>0,得A b > a ,若 \\Delta ABC 为钝角三角形,则角 C 为钝角, $\n$\\therefore cos C = \\frac{a^2+b^2-c^2}{2ab} < 0 $\n$\\Rightarrow a^2 + b^2 < c^2 $\n$\\Rightarrow a^2 + (a+1)^2 < (a+2)^2 $\n$\\Rightarrow a^2 - 2a - 3 < 0 $\n$\\Rightarrow -1 < a < 3 ,又 a > 0 , \\therefore a \\in (0,3). $\n$同时还应考虑构成 \\Delta ABC 的条件,即 a + b > c \\Rightarrow a + (a+1) > a + 2 \\Rightarrow a > 1 . $\n$综上所述,当 a \\in (1,3)时, \\Delta ABC 为钝角三角形. \\therefore 存在正整数 a = 2 ,使 \\Delta ABC 为钝角三角形.$'] ['$2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +528 "$设函数 f(x) = \sin(\omega x+\frac{\pi }{3}) (\omega > 0)$ +$给出一个\omega 的值,使得f(x)的图象向右平移\frac{\pi }{6}个单位长度后得到的函数g(x)的图象关于原点对称,则\omega 的一个取值为\_\_\_\_\_\_\_;$" ['$g(x) = sin \\left[\\omega \\left(x-\\frac{\\pi }{6}\\right)+\\frac{\\pi }{3}\\right] = sin \\left(\\right. \\omega x + \\frac{\\pi }{3} -\\frac{\\pi }{6} \\omega \\left)\\right. ,\\frac{\\pi }{3}-\\frac{\\pi }{6} \\omega = k\\pi , k\\in Z$\n即可满足题意,\n$可取\\frac{\\pi }{3}-\\frac{\\pi }{6} \\omega =0,得 \\omega =2(答案不唯一).$'] ['$\\omega =2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +529 "$已知函数f(x)=Asinxcosx-\sqrt{3}cos2x的一个零点为\frac{\pi}{6}.$ +求$A$和函数$f(x)$的最小正周期;" ['$由 f\\left(\\frac{\\pi }{6}\\right) = Asin \\frac{\\pi }{6} \\cdot cos \\frac{\\pi }{6} - \\sqrt{3}cos \\frac{\\pi }{3} = \\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{4}A - \\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2} = 0,得 A = 2,\\therefore f(x) = 2sin x cos x - \\sqrt{3}cos 2x = sin 2x - \\sqrt{3}cos 2x = 2sin\\left(2x-\\frac{\\pi }{3}\\right),$\n$\\therefore 函数f(x) = 2sin\\left(2x-\\frac{\\pi }{3}\\right)的最小正周期为 \\frac{2\\pi }{2} = \\pi .$'] ['$\\pi$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +530 "$已知函数f(x)=asin xcos x+cos\left(2x+\frac{\pi }{6}\right),���f \left(\frac{\pi }{4}\right)=\frac{1}{2}.$ +$求a的值和f(x)的最小正周期;$" ['$由f\\left(\\frac{\\pi}{4}\\right) = asin \\frac{\\pi}{4} cos \\frac{\\pi}{4} + cos \\left(2\\times\\frac{\\pi}{4}+\\frac{\\pi}{6}\\right) = \\frac{1}{2}a - \\frac{1}{2} = \\frac{1}{2},得a=2,所以f(x)=2sin xcos x+cos \\left(2x+\\frac{\\pi}{6}\\right) = \\frac{1}{2}sin 2x+\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}cos 2x = sin \\left(2x+\\frac{\\pi}{3}\\right),所以 f(x) 的最小正周期 T = \\frac{2\\pi}{2} = \\pi。$\n\n'] ['a=2, T=\\pi'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +531 "$已知函数f(x)=sin x+sin\left(x+\frac{\pi }{3}\right).$ +$求f(x)的最小正周期;$" ['$因为f(x)=\\sin x+\\sin(x+\\frac{\\pi }{3})=\\sin x+\\frac{1}{2}\\sin x+\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}\\cos x=\\frac{3}{2}\\sin x+\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}\\cos x=\\sqrt{3}\\sin(x+\\frac{\\pi }{6}),所以f(x)的最小正周期为2\\pi .$'] ['$2\\pi$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +532 "$已知函数f(x)=sin x+sin\left(x+\frac{\pi }{3}\right).$ +$若x=\frac{\pi }{6}是函数y=f(x)-f(x+\phi) (\phi>0)的一个零点,求\phi的最小值.$" [':\n\n$y=f(x)-f(x+\\varphi)=\\sqrt{3}sin\\left(x+\\frac{\\pi}{6}\\right)-\\sqrt{3}sin\\left(x+\\frac{\\pi}{6}+\\varphi\\right),由x=\\frac{\\pi}{6}是该函数的零点可知,\\sqrt{3}sin\\left(\\frac{\\pi}{6}+\\frac{\\pi}{6}\\right)-\\sqrt{3}sin\\left(\\frac{\\pi}{6}+\\frac{\\pi}{6}+\\varphi\\right)=0,即 sin\\left(\\frac{\\pi}{3}+\\varphi\\right)=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}.$\n\n$故 \\frac{\\pi}{3}+\\varphi=\\frac{\\pi}{3}+2k\\pi,k \\in \\mathbb{Z}或\\frac{\\pi}{3}+\\varphi=\\frac{2\\pi}{3}+2k\\pi,k \\in \\mathbb{Z},$\n\n$解得 \\varphi=2k\\pi,k \\in \\mathbb{Z}或\\varphi=\\frac{\\pi}{3}+2k\\pi,k \\in \\mathbb{Z}.$\n\n$因为 \\varphi > 0,所以 \\varphi 的最小值为 \\frac{\\pi}{3}.$'] ['$\\frac{\\pi}{3}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +533 "$在\triangle ABC中,a=4\sqrt 2,b=m,sin A-cos A=0$. +若m=8,则c=________;" ['$\\because sin A-cos A=0,\\therefore tan A=1,\\because 0 0,所以 c = 6。$\n\n$由正弦定理 \\frac{a}{sinA} = \\frac{c}{sinC},得 sinA = \\frac{a sinC}{c} = \\frac{4\\times \\frac{3\\sqrt{7}}{8}}{6} = \\frac{\\sqrt{7}}{4}.$'] ['$6,\\frac{\\sqrt{7}}{4}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +535 "$在\triangle ABC中,\cos B=\frac{4}{5},b=6.$ +$求\triangle ABC面积的最大值.$" ['$因为 b^2 = a^2 + c^2 - 2ac \\cos B = a^2 + c^2 - 2ac \\times \\frac{4}{5} =36,$\n$a^2 + c^2 \\geq 2ac,$\n$所以36 \\geq 2ac - \\frac{8}{5}ac = \\frac{2}{5}ac,$\n$即ac \\leq 90,当且仅当a=c=3\\sqrt{10}时,等号成立.$\n$所以 S_{\\triangle ABC} = \\frac{1}{2} ac \\sin B = \\frac{3}{10} ac \\leq \\frac{3}{10} \\times 90 = 27.$\n$所以 \\triangle ABC 面积的最大值为27.$'] ['$27$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +536 "$在\triangle ABC中,\cos 2B = -\frac{1}{2},c=8,b=7.$ +$求\sin C;$" ['$解法一(用特殊角):在\\triangle ABC中,因为c>b,所以C>B,所以00,所以\\sin B=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}.$\n$由\\frac{b}{\\sin B}=\\frac{c}{\\sin C},得\\frac{7}{\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}}=\\frac{8}{\\sin C},解得\\sin C=\\frac{4\\sqrt{3}}{7}.$'] ['$\\frac{4\\sqrt{3}}{7}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +537 "$在\triangle ABC中,\angle A,\angle B,\angle C的对边分别为a,b,c.b^2+c^2-a^2=\frac{4\sqrt{2}}{3}bc.$ +$求tan A的值;$" ['$因为b^2+c^2-a^2=\\frac{4\\sqrt{2}}{3}bc, $\n$所以\\cos A=\\frac{b^2+c^2-a^2}{2bc}=\\frac{2\\sqrt{2}}{3}. $\n$因为A\\in (0,\\pi ),所以\\sin A=\\sqrt{1-\\cos ^2A}=\\sqrt{1-\\frac{8}{9}}=\\frac{1}{3}, $\n$所以\\tan A=\\frac{\\sin A}{\\cos A}=\\frac{1}{3}\\times \\frac{3}{2\\sqrt{2}}=\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{4}.$'] ['\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{4}'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +538 "$在\triangle ABC中,\angle A,\angle B,\angle C的对边分别为a,b,c.b^2+c^2-a^2=\frac{4\sqrt{2}}{3}bc.$ +$若3c \sin A = \sqrt{2} a \sin B,且\triangle ABC的面积S = 2\sqrt{2}, 求c的值.$" ['$因为3c\\sin A=\\sqrt{2} a\\sin B, $\n$所以由正弦定理得3ac=\\sqrt{2}ab, 所以b=\\frac{3\\sqrt{2}}{2} c.$\n$因为\\triangle ABC的面积为S=\\frac{1}{2} bc\\sin A=2\\sqrt{2},$\n$即\\frac{1}{2}\\times\\frac{3\\sqrt{2}c^2}{2}\\times\\frac{1}{3}=2\\sqrt{2},所以c^2=8.$\n$所以c=2\\sqrt{2}.$'] ['$2\\sqrt{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +539 "$设{a_n}是等差数列,a_1=-10,且a_2+10,a_3+8,a_4+6成等比数列.$ +$记a_n的前n项和为S_n,求S_n的最小值.$" ['$由(1)知,a_n=2n-12.$\n$所以,当n\\geq 7时,a_n>0;当n\\leq 6时,a_n\\leq 0.$\n$所以,S_n的最小值为S_6=-30.$'] ['$S_6=-30$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +540 "$设等差数列a_n的公差为d,且d>1,令b_n=\frac{n^2+n}{a_n},记S_n,T_n分别为数列a_n,b_n的前n项和.$ +$若b_n为等差数列,且S_{99}-T_{99}=99,求d。$" ['$因为 b_n 为等差数列,$\n\n$所以 2b_2 = b_1 + b_3,即 \\frac{12}{a_2} = \\frac{2}{a_1} +\\frac{12}{a_3},$\n\n$即 \\frac{6}{a_1+d} = \\frac{1}{a_1} + \\frac{6}{a_1+2d}:$\n\n$a^2_1 - 3a_1d + 2d^2 = 0,$\n\n$所以 a_1 = 2d 或 a_1 = d。$\n\n$当 a_1 = 2d 时,a_n = (n+1)d, b_n = \\frac{n}{d},$\n\n$所以 S_{99} = \\frac{(2d + 100d) \\times 99}{2} = 99 \\times 51d,$\n\n$T_{99} = \\frac{1}{d} \\cdot \\frac{(1+99) \\times 99}{2} = \\frac{99 \\times 50}{d},$\n\n$又因为 S_{99} - T_{99} = 99,所以 99 \\times 51d - 99 \\times 50 \\cdot \\frac{1}{d} = 99,$\n\n$所以 51d - \\frac{50}{d} = 1,解得 d = 1 或 d = -\\frac{50}{51},$\n\n$又因为 d > 1,所以 a_1 \\neq 2d。$\n\n$当 a_1 = d 时,a_n = nd, b_n = \\frac{n+1}{d},$\n\n$所以 S_{99} = \\frac{(1+99) \\times 99d}{2} = 50 \\times 99d,$\n\n$T_{99} = \\frac{1}{d} \\cdot \\frac{(2+100) \\times 99}{2} = \\frac{51 \\times 99}{d},$\n\n$又因为 S_{99} - T_{99} = 99,所以 50 \\times 99d - \\frac{51 \\times 99}{d} = 99,$\n\n$所以 50d - \\frac{51}{d} = 1,解得 d = \\frac{51}{50} 或 d = -1,$\n\n$又因为 d > 1,所以 d = \\frac{51}{50}。$\n\n$综上,d = \\frac{51}{50}。$'] ['$d = \\frac{51}{50}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +541 "$记S_n为公差不为零的等差数列{a_n}的前n项和,若a_3=S_5,a_2\cdot a_4=S_4.$ +$求使得S_n > a_n的n的最小值.$" ['$由(1)知a_n=2n-6,a_1=2\\times 1-6=-4. $\n$S_n=na_1+\\frac{n(n-1)}{2}d=-4n+n(n-1)=n^2-5n. $\n$S_n > a_n \\Leftrightarrow n^2-5n>2n-6\\Leftrightarrow n^2-7n+6>0\\Leftrightarrow (n-1)(n-6)>0, $\n$解得n<1或n>6,又n\\in N,\\therefore n的最小值为7.$'] ['7'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +542 "$设等比数列{a_n}满足a_1+a_2=4,a_3-a_1=8.$ +$记S_n为数列{\log_3 a_n}的前n项和.若S_m+S_{m+1}=S_{m+3},求m。$" ['$由(1)知log_3a_n=n-1. 故S_n=\\frac{n(n-1)}{2}。$\n\n$由S_m+S_{m+1}=S_{m+3}得 m(m-1)+(m+1)m=(m+3)(m+2),$\n\n$即m^2-5m-6=0. 解得m=-1(舍去)或m=6.$'] ['$m=6$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +543 "$已知数列a_n满足a_1=1,a_{n+1}=$ + +$\begin{cases} +a_n+1, & \text{n为奇数},\\ +a_n+2, & \text{n为偶数}. +\end{cases}$ +$求a_n的前20项和.$" ['$当n为奇数时,a_n=a_{n+1}-1。$\n\n$设数列{a_n}的前n项和为S_n,$\n\n$则S_{20}=a_1+a_2+\\ldots +a_{20}$\n\n$=(a_1+a_3+\\ldots +a_{19})+(a_2+a_4+\\ldots +a_{20})$\n\n$=[(a_2-1)+(a_4-1)+\\ldots +(a_{20}-1)]+(a_2+a_4+\\ldots +a_{20})$\n\n$=2(a_2+a_4+\\ldots +a_{20})-10=2(b_1+b_2+\\ldots +b_{10})-10=2 \\left(10\\times 2+\\frac{9\\times 10}{2}\\times 3\\right) -10=300$\n\n$即{a_n}的前20项和为300.$'] ['$300$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +544 "$已知a_n是等差数列,b_n是公比为2的等比数列,且a_2 - b_2 = a_3 - b_3 = b_4 - a_4.$ +$求集合{k|b_k=a_m+a_1,1\leq m\leq 500}中元素的个数.$" ['$由(1)知 d=2b_1=2a_1, 由 b_k=a_m+a_1, 1\\leq m\\leq 500 得 b_1\\times 2^{k-1}=2a_1+(m-1)d, 即 a_1\\times 2^{k-1}=2a_1+2(m-1)a_1, 其中 a_1\\neq 0。$\n\n$\\therefore 2^{k-1}=2m, 即 2^{k-2}=m, \\therefore 1\\leq 2^{k-2}\\leq 500, \\therefore 0\\leq k-2\\leq 8。$\n\n$\\therefore 2\\leq k\\leq 10。$\n\n$故集合{k|b_k=a_m+a_1, 1\\leq m\\leq 500}中元素个数为9.$'] ['9'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +545 "$已知数列{a_n}, {b_n}的项数均为m (m>2),且a_n, b_n \in {1,2,\ldots , m}, {a_n}, {b_n}的前n项和分别为A_n,B_n并规定A_0=B_0=0对于k \in {0,1,2,\ldots ,m},定义r_k=max{i|B_i\leq A_k,i\in {0,1,2,\ldots ,m}},其中, max M表示数集M中最大的数.$ +$若a_{1}=2, a_{2}=1, a_{3}=3, b_{1}=1, b_{2}=3, b_{3}=3, 写出r_{0}, r_{1}, r_{2}, r_{3}的值;$" ['$由题意得A_1=2,A_2=3,A_3=6,B_1=1,B_2=4,B_3=7,r_k表示使得B_i\\leq A_k成立的i的最大值,i,k\\in {0,1,2,\\ldots ,m},故r_0=0,r_1=1,r_2=1,r_3=2.$'] ['$r_0=0,r_1=1,r_2=1,r_3=2.$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +546 "$设p为实数.若无穷数列{a_n}满足如下三个性质,则称{a_n}为R_p数列:$ +$①a_1+p\geq 0,且a_2+p=0;$ +$②a_{4n-1}1,S2,S3.已知S1-S2+S3=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2},\sin B=\frac{1}{3}.$ +$求\triangle ABC的面积;$" ['$由题意得S_1=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{4}a^2,S_2=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{4}b^2,S_3=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{4}c^2, 因此 S_1-S_2+S_3=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{4}(a^2-b^2+c^2)=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}, 即a^2-b^2+c^2=2,$\n\n$由\\cos B=\\frac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{2ac} 得 a^2+c^2-b^2=2ac \\cos B, 故 2accosB=2, 因此 accosB=1,$\n\n$又因为 \\sin B=\\frac{1}{3}, 因此 \\cos B=\\frac{2\\sqrt{2}}{3} 或 \\cos B=-\\frac{2\\sqrt{2}}{3}(舍),$\n\n$所以 ac=\\frac{3\\sqrt{2}}{4}, 因此 S_{\\triangle ABC}=\\frac{1}{2}ac \\sin B=\\frac{1}{2}\\frac{3\\sqrt{2}}{4}\\frac{1}{3}=\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{8}.$'] ['$\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{8}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +560 "$记\triangle ABC的内角A,B,C的对边分别为a,b,c,分别以a,b,c为边长的三个正三角形的面积依次为S1,S2,S3.已知S1-S2+S3=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2},\sin B=\frac{1}{3}.$ +$若\sin A\sin C=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{3},求b.$" ['由正弦定理\n\n$\\frac{a}{\\sin A} = \\frac{b}{\\sin B} = \\frac{c}{\\sin C}$\n\n得\n\n$\\frac{b^2}{\\sin ^2B} = \\frac{ac}{\\sin A\\sin C},$\n\n$又知 ac = \\frac{3\\sqrt{2}}{4}, \\sin A \\sin C = \\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{3},$\n\n$\\therefore \\frac{b^2}{\\sin ^2B} = \\frac{9}{4},$\n\n$\\therefore \\frac{b}{\\sin B} = \\frac{3}{2},$\n\n$\\therefore b = \\frac{3}{2} \\sin B = \\frac{3}{2} \\times \\frac{1}{3} = \\frac{1}{2}.$'] ['$\\frac{1}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +561 "$已知函数f(x)=2\sin x\cos x+2\cos^2x-1.$ +$求f\left(-\frac{\pi }{4}\right)的值;$" ['$f(x)=\\sin 2x+\\cos 2x=\\sqrt{2}\\sin \\left(2x+\\frac{\\pi }{4}\\right),$\n$f\\left(-\\frac{\\pi }{4}\\right)=\\sqrt{2}sin\\left(-\\frac{\\pi }{4}\\right)=-1.$'] ['$-1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +562 "$已知函数f(x)=2\sin x\cos x+2\cos^2x-1.$ +$求f(x)的最小正周期;$" ['$T = \\frac{2\\pi }{2} = \\pi .$'] ['$\\pi$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +563 "$已知数列a_n的前n项和为S_n,S_n=2a_n-4, n \in N^.$ +$求a_1,a_2;$" ['$令n=1, 则S_1=a_1=2a_1-4, 所以a_1=4.$\n$令n=2, 则a_1+a_2=2a_2-4, 所以a_2=8.$'] ['${a_1}=4, {a_2}=8$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +564 "$已知数列a_n满足a_1=1,na_{n+1}=2(n+1)a_n.设b_n=\frac{a_n}{n}.$ +$求b_1, b_2, b_3;$" ['$由条件可得a_{n+1} = \\frac{2(n+1)}{n}a_n.$\n\n$将n=1代入得a_2=4a_1,而a_1=1,所以a_2=4.$\n\n$将n=2代入得a_3=3a_2,所以a_3=12.$\n\n$从而b_1=1, b_2=2, b_3=4.$'] ['$b_1=1, b_2=2, b_3=4$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +565 "$已知等差数列{a_n}满足a_1+a_3=8,a_4-a_2=4.$ +$记数列 \left\{\frac{1}{S_n}\right\} 的前 n 项和为 T_n ,若 T_n > \frac{99}{100} ,求 n 的最小值.$" ['$由(1)知$\n\n$\\frac{1}{S_n} = \\frac{1}{n^2+n} = \\frac{1}{n(n+1)} = \\frac{1}{n} - \\frac{1}{n+1},$\n\n$\\therefore T_{n} = \\frac{1}{S_1} + \\frac{1}{S_2} +\\ldots + \\frac{1}{S_n} = \\left(1-\\frac{1}{2}\\right) + \\left(\\frac{1}{2}-\\frac{1}{3}\\right) +\\ldots + \\left(\\frac{1}{n}-\\frac{1}{n+1}\\right) = 1 - \\frac{1}{n+1}.$\n\n$\\because T_{n} > \\frac{99}{100},$\n\n$\\therefore 1 - \\frac{1}{n+1} > \\frac{99}{100},$\n\n$\\therefore n > 99.$\n\n$又 n \\in N^{},$\n\n$\\therefore n 的最小值为100.$'] ['$100$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +566 "$已知等比数列{a_n}满足: a^2_5 = a_{10}, 2(a_n + a_{n+2}) = 5a_{n+1}.$ +$若递增数列{b_n}满足:b_n = \log_{2}a_n,求 b_1+b_3+b_5+\ldots +b_{2n-1}.$" ['$\\because b_n = log _2 a_n, \\therefore b_n = n 或 b_n = -n, 又\\because {b_n} 为递增数列,$\n$\\therefore b_n = log _2 2^n = n , \\therefore b_1 + b_3 + b_5 + \\ldots + b_{2n-1}= 1 + 3 + 5 + \\ldots + (2n-1) = \\frac{1+(2n-1)}{2} \\times n = n^2 .$'] ['n^2'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +567 "$已知函数f(x) = ax^{2} + bx + 2,关于x的不等式f(x) > 0的解集为\{x | -2 < x < 1\}.$ +$求实数a,b的值;$" ['$由题意知,-2,1是关于x的方程ax^2+bx+2=0的两个根,且a<0,所以$\n\n$$\n\\begin{align*}\n-2+1 &= -\\frac{b}{a}\\\\\n(-2) \\times 1 &= \\frac{2}{a}\n\\end{align*}\n$$\n\n$所以a=-1,b=-1。$'] ['$a=-1,b=-1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +568 "$已知a,b\in R且a>0,函数f(x) = \frac{4^x+b}{4^x-a}是奇函数.$ +求a,b的值;" ['$因为f(x)是奇函数,所以f(-x)=-f(x),$\n\n$即2-2ab+(b-a)(4^x+4^{-x})=0恒成立,\\therefore $\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}b-a=0,\\\\ 2-2ab=0,\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n\n$又a>0,所以解得a=b=1.$'] ['$a=1,b=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +569 "$已知定义域为R的函数f(x)=\frac{-2^x+a}{2^x+1}是奇函数.$ +$求实数a的值;$" ['$因为f(x)为奇函数且定义域为R,所以f(0)= \\frac{a-1}{2} =0,所以a=1,当a=1时,f(x) = \\frac{1-2^x}{1+2^x},f(-x) = \\frac{1-2^{-x}}{1+2^{-x}} = \\frac{2^x-1}{2^x+1} =-f(x),所以f(x)为奇函数,所以a=1符合条件.$'] ['$a=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +570 "$已知函数f(x)=x^2+ax-2,a\in R.$ +$若关于x的不等式f(x)\geq (2a-1)x-6在(0,2]上恒成立,求a的最大值.$" ['$由f(x) \\geq (2a-1)x-6得x^2 + (1-a)x + 4 \\geq 0,所以问题转化为 x^2 + (1-a)x + 4 \\geq 0在(0,2]上恒成立,即a \\leq x + \\frac{4}{x} + 1在(0,2]上恒成立,因为x \\in (0,2],所以x + \\frac{4}{x} + 1 \\geq 2\\sqrt{x \\cdot \\frac{4}{x}} + 1=5,当且仅当x = \\frac{4}{x},即x = 2时取等号,所以x + \\frac{4}{x} + 1的最小值为5,所以a \\leq 5, 所以a的最大值为5.$'] ['5'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +571 "$函数 f(x)=ax^2+bx-3 的图象与 x 轴交于点 (3,0) 且 f(1-x)=f(1+x)。$ +$当x \in [-1, m]时,函数f(x) = ax^{2} + bx - 3有最小值2m,求m的值.$" ['$f(x)=x^2-2x-3图象的对称轴为直线x=1且开口向上。$\n\n$①若-10,\\therefore f(x)在(-a,e)上为增函数,$\n\n$当10的情形. $\n$曲线y=f(x)在点(t,f(t))处的切线方程为y=12-t^2-2t(x-t). $\n$切线与x轴的交点是\\left(\\frac{t}{2}+\\frac{6}{t},0\\right),与y轴的交点是(0,12+t^2). $\n所以切线与坐标轴围成的三角形面积为 \n$S(t)=\\frac{1}{2}\\left(\\frac{t}{2}+\\frac{6}{t}\\right) (12+t^2)=\\frac{1}{4}\\left(t^3+24t+\\frac{144}{t}\\right). $\n$因此S'(t)=\\frac{1}{4}\\left(3t^2+24-\\frac{144}{t^2}\\right)=\\frac{3}{4t^2}(t^2-4)(t^2+12). $\n$令S'(t)=0,即(t^2-4)(t^2+12)=0,得t_1=-2(舍),t_2=2. $\n$因为当t\\in (0,2)时,S'(t)<0,S(t)单调递减; $\n$当t\\in (2,+\\infty )时,S'(t)>0,S(t)单调递增, $\n$所以S(t)的最小值为S (2)=32.$""]" ['$S (2)=32$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Plane Geometry Math Chinese +578 "$设函数f(x)=\ln(1+ax)+bx, g(x)=f(x)-bx^2.$ +$若曲线 y=g(x) 在点 (1, \ln3) 处的切线与直线 11x-3y=0 平行,求 a, b 的值.$" "[""$g(x) = f(x) - bx^2 = ln(1 + ax) + bx - bx^2,$\n\n$求导得 g'(x) = \\frac{a}{1+ax} + b - 2bx,$\n\n$因为曲线 y = g(x) 在点 (1, ln 3) 处的切线与直线 11x - 3y = 0 平行, 所以 g'(1) = \\frac{a}{1+a} + b - 2b = \\frac{11}{3},$\n\n$g(1) = ln(1+a) + b - b = ln 3, 解得 a = 2, b = -3.$""]" ['$a = 2, b = -3.$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +579 "$已知函数f(x)=x-a\sin x的图象在点(0,f(0))处的切线方程为y=-x。$ +求a;" "[""$对f(x)=x-a\\sin x求导得f '(x)=1-a\\cos x,则f '(0)=1-a\\cos 0=1-a,$\n$根据f(x)=x-a\\sin x的图象在(0,f(0))处的切线方程为y=-x,有1-a=-1,解得a=2.$""]" ['$a=2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +580 "$已知函数f(x)=a\ln x-\sqrt{x}+1(x>0),a \in R。$ +$若对任意x\in (0,+\infty ),均有f(x)\leq 0,求a的值;$" "[""$当a\\leq 0时,函数f(x)在(0,+\\infty )上为减函数,且f(1)=0,当0f(1)=0,不合题意.$\n\n$当a>0时,由(1)知f_{max}=f(4a^2)=a ln(4a^2)-2a+1=2a ln(2a)-2a+1\\leq 0,$\n\n$令t=2a,t>0,可得t ln t-t+1\\leq 0,即ln t-1+\\frac{1}{t}\\leq 0,$\n\n$令g(t)=ln t+\\frac{1}{t}-1,其中t>0, 则g'(t)=\\frac{1}{t}-\\frac{1}{t^2}=\\frac{t-1}{t^2}.$\n\n$当01时,g'(t)>0,此时函数g(t)单调递增.$\n\n$所以,g_{min}=g(1)=0,则g(t)\\geq g(1)=0,又g(t)\\leq 0,所以g(t)=0,所以2a=t=1,解得a=\\frac{1}{2}.$""]" ['$a=\\frac{1}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +581 "$已知函数f(x)=x^3-ax-1(a\in R).$ +$若函数f(x)的单调递减区间是(-1,1),求实数a的值;$" "[""$由(1),得f'(x)=3x^2-a,因为f(x)的单调递减区间是(-1,1),所以不等式3x^2-a<0的解集为(-1,1),所以-1和1是方程3x^2-a=0的两个实根,所以a=3.$""]" ['$a=3$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +582 "$已知函数f(x)=(x-k)e^{x}$ +$求f(x)的极值;$" "[""$由f(x)=(x-k)e^{x}可得f'(x)=(x-k+1)e^{x},$\n\n$令f'(x)=0,得x=k-1,$\n\n$随x变化,f(x)与f'(x)的变化情况如表:$\n\n| x | $(-\\infty , k-1)$ | k-1 | $(k-1, +\\infty )$ |\n| :---: | :-------: | :---: | :-------: |\n| f'(x) | - | 0 | + |\n|f(x)|$\\text{单调递减}️$|$-e^{k-1}$|$\\text{单调递增}️$|\n\n$所以f(x)的单调递减区间是(-\\infty , k-1),单调递增区间是(k-1,+\\infty ),所以f(x)有极小值f(k-1)=-e^{k-1},无极大值.$""]" ['$-e^{k-1}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +583 "$已知函数f(x)=e^{x}-ax和g(x)=ax-ln x有相同的最小值。$ +求a;" "[""$f'(x) = e^{x} -a,g'(x) = a - \\frac{1}{x}.$\n\n$当a\\leq 0时, f'(x) >0恒成立, f(x)在R上无最小值,不符合题意. \\therefore a>0.$\n$令f'(x) =0,得x = \\ln a,令g'(x) =0,得x = \\frac{1}{a}.$\n\n$易知f_{\\text{min}}=f(\\ln a) = a - aln a,$\n$g_{\\text{min}}=g\\left(\\frac{1}{a}\\right) = 1 + \\ln a.$\n$\\therefore a - aln a = 1 + \\ln a,即\\ln a = \\frac{a - 1}{a + 1}.$\n\n$令h(x) = \\ln x - \\frac{x - 1}{x + 1} (x > 0),$\n$则h'(x) = \\frac{1}{x} - \\frac{2}{(x + 1)^2} = \\frac{x^2 + 1}{x(x + 1)^2} > 0,$\n$\\therefore h(x)在(0,+\\infty )上单调递增,则h(x)最多有一个零点. 又h(1) = \\ln 1 - \\frac{1 - 1}{1 + 1} = 0,\\therefore 方程有且仅有一解,为a = 1,即为所求.$""]" ['$a = 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +584 "$已知函数f(x)=ax-\frac{1}{x}-(a+1)lnx.$ +$当a=0时,求f(x)的最大值;$" "[""$当a=0时, f(x)=-\\frac{1}{x}-ln x (x>0), $\n$\\therefore f'(x)=\\frac{1}{x^2}-\\frac{1}{x} (x>0), $\n$令 f'(x)=0, 得x=1, $\n$x\\in (0,1)时, f'(x)>0, x\\in (1,+\\infty )时, f'(x)<0, $\n$\\therefore f(x)在(0,1)上单调递增,在(1,+\\infty )上单调递减. $\n$\\therefore fmax=f(1)=-1.$""]" ['$-1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +585 "$已知函数f(x)=ae^{x-1}-\ln x+\ln a.$ +$当a=e时,求曲线y=f(x)在点(1, f(1))处的切线与两坐标轴围成的三角形的面积;$" "[""$f(x)的定义域为(0,+\\infty ), f'(x)=ae^{x-1} - \\frac{1}{x}.$\n\n$当a=e时, f(x)=e^{x}-\\ln x + 1, f'(1)=e-1,曲线y=f(x)在点(1, f(1))处的切线方程为y-(e+1)=(e-1)\\cdot (x-1),即y=(e-1)x+2.$\n\n$直线y=(e-1)x+2在x轴,y轴上的截距分别为\\frac{-2}{e-1},2.因此所求三角形的面积为\\frac{2}{e-1}.$""]" ['$\\frac{2}{e-1}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Plane Geometry Math Chinese +586 "$已知函数 f(x)=(x+1)ln(x+1)-\lambda x.$ +$当x \geq 0时,f(x) \geq 0,求\lambda的最大值;$" "[""$f(x)的定义域为(-1,+\\infty ),f'(x)=ln(x+1)-\\lambda +1. f'(x)在[0,+\\infty )上单调递增,f'(0)=-\\lambda +1;$\n\n$①当\\lambda \\leq 1时,对任意的x\\in [0,+\\infty ),有f'(x)\\geq f'(0)\\geq 0,所以f(x)在[0,+\\infty )上单调递增,于是对任意的x\\in [0,+\\infty ), f(x)\\geq f(0)=0,所以\\lambda \\leq 1符合题意;$\n\n$②当\\lambda >1时,令f'(x)>0,得x>e^{\\lambda -1}-1,令f'(x)<0,得0\\leq x1舍去.$\n\n$综上,\\lambda \\leq 1,所以\\lambda 的最大值为1.$""]" ['$1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +587 "$设函数f(x)=(x-t_1)(x-t_2)(x-t_3),其中t_1,t_2,t_3 \in \mathbb{R},且t_1,t_2,t_3是公差为d的等差数列.$ +$若d=3,求f(x)的极大值;$" "[""$由已知可得f(x)=(x-t_2+3)(x-t_2)(x-t_2-3)=(x-t_2)^3-9(x-t_2)=x^3-3t_2x^2+(3t_2^2-9)x-t_2^3+9t_2.$\n\n$故f '(x)=3x^2-6t_2x+3t_2^2-9.$\n\n$令f '(x)=0,解得x_1=t_2-\\sqrt{3},x_2=t_2+\\sqrt{3}.$\n\n$当x变化时, f '(x), f(x)的变化情况如表:$\n\n| $x$ | $(-\\infty ,x_1)$ | $x_1$ | $(x_1,x_2)$ | $x_2$ | $(x_2,+\\infty )$ |\n|---------|---------|---------|---------|---------|---------|\n| $f '(x)$ | + | 0 | - | 0 | + |\n| $f(x)$ | $\\text{单调递增}$ | 极大值 | $\\text{单调递减}$ | 极小值 | $\\text{单调递增}$ |\n\n$所以函数f(x)的极大值为f(t_2-\\sqrt{3})=(-\\sqrt{3})^3-9\\times (-\\sqrt{3})=6\\sqrt{3};函数f(x)的极小值为f(t_2+\\sqrt{3})=(\\sqrt{3})^3-9\\times \\sqrt{3}=-6\\sqrt{3}.$\n\n""]" ['6\\sqrt{3}'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +588 "$已知椭圆E:x^2/a^2 + y^2/b^2 = 1 (a > b > 0) 的一个顶点为 A(0,1),离心率 e = \sqrt{6}/3.$ +$过点P(-\sqrt{3},1)作斜率为k的直线与椭圆E交于不同的两点B,C,直线AB,AC分别与x轴交于点M,N.设椭圆的左顶点为D,求\frac{|MD|}{|MN|}的值.$" ['$设直线BC的方程为y-1=k(x+\\sqrt{3}).$\n\n$由\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}y-1=k(x+\\sqrt{3}),\\\\ x^2+3y^2=3\\end{matrix}\\right.得(3k^2+1)x^2+(6\\sqrt{3}k^2+6k)x+9k^2+6\\sqrt{3}k=0.$\n\n$由\\Delta =(6\\sqrt{3}k^2+6k)^2-4(3k^2+1)(9k^2+6\\sqrt{3}k)>0,得k<0.$\n\n$设B(x_1,y_1),C(x_2,y_2),则x_1+x_2=-\\frac{6\\sqrt{3}k^2+6k}{3k^2+1},x_1x_2=\\frac{9k^2+6\\sqrt{3}k}{3k^2+1}.$\n\n$直线AB的方程为y=\\frac{y_1-1}{x_1}x+1.$\n\n$令y=0,得点M的横坐标为x_{M}=-\\frac{x_1}{y_1-1}=-\\frac{x_1}{k(x_1+\\sqrt{3})}.$\n\n$同理可得点N的横坐标为x_{N}=-\\frac{x_2}{y_2-1}=-\\frac{x_2}{k(x_2+\\sqrt{3})}.$\n\n$x_{M}+x_{N}=-\\frac{1}{k}\\left(\\frac{x_1}{x_1+\\sqrt{3}}+\\frac{x_2}{x_2+\\sqrt{3}}\\right)=-\\frac{1}{k}\\cdot \\frac{2x_1x_2+\\sqrt{3}(x_1+x_2)}{x_1x_2+\\sqrt{3}(x_1+x_2)+3}=-\\frac{1}{k}\\cdot \\frac{2\\left(\\frac{9k^2+6\\sqrt{3}k}{3k^2+1}\\right)+\\sqrt{3}\\left(-\\frac{6\\sqrt{3}k^2+6k}{3k^2+1}\\right)}{\\frac{9k^2+6\\sqrt{3}k}{3k^2+1}+\\sqrt{3}\\left(-\\frac{6\\sqrt{3}k^2+6k}{3k^2+1}\\right)+3}=-\\frac{1}{k}\\cdot \\frac{6\\sqrt{3}k}{3}=-2\\sqrt{3}.$\n\n$因为点D坐标为(-\\sqrt{3},0),则点D为线段MN的中点,所以\\frac{|MD|}{|MN|}=\\frac{1}{2}.$'] ['$\\frac{1}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +589 "$已知椭圆 C: \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (其中 a>b>0)过点 A(0,2)和 B(0,-2),且 a = \sqrt{2}b.$ +$过点D(0,1)且不与x轴垂直的直线l交椭圆C于M,N,直线MA,NB分别交直线y=t(-20,x_1+x_2=\\frac{-4k}{2k^2+1}①,x_1x_2=\\frac{-6}{2k^2+1}②.$\n$直线MA的方程为y=\\frac{y_1-2}{x_1}x+2,令y=t,得x_P=\\frac{(t-2)x_1}{y_1-2}=\\frac{(t-2)x_1}{kx_1-1},直线NB的方程为y=\\frac{y_2+2}{x_2}x-2,令y=t,得x_Q=\\frac{(t+2)x_2}{y_2+2}=\\frac{(t+2)x_2}{kx_2+3}.$\n$\\because |DP|=|DQ|,\\therefore |x_P|=|x_Q|,$\n$解法一:易知x_P与x_Q异号,\\therefore x_P+x_Q=0,$\n$$\n\\therefore \\frac{(t-2)x_1}{kx_1-1}+\\frac{(t+2)x_2}{kx_2+3}=0,\n$$\n$$\n\\therefore \\frac{(t-2)x_1(kx_2+3)+(t+2)x_2(kx_1-1)}{(kx_1-1)(kx_2+3)}=0,\n$$\n$$\n\\therefore (t-2)(kx_1x_2+3x_1)+(t+2)(kx_1x_2-x_2)=0,\n$$\n$$\n\\therefore (t-2)\\left(-\\frac{6k}{2k^2+1}+3x_1\\right)+(t+2)\\left(-\\frac{2k}{2k^2+1}+x_1\\right)=0,\n$$\n$$\n\\therefore \\left(x_1-\\frac{2k}{2k^2+1}\\right)(4t-4)=0.\n$$\n$下面说明x_1-\\frac{2k}{2k^2+1}\\neq 0.$\n$由(2k^2+1)x^2+4kx-6=0解得x=\\frac{-2k\\pm \\sqrt{16k^2+6}}{2k^2+1},$\n$不妨取x_1=\\frac{-2k+\\sqrt{16k^2+6}}{2k^2+1},$\n$$\n\\therefore x_1-\\frac{2k}{2k^2+1}=\\frac{-4k+\\sqrt{16k^2+6}}{2k^2+1},\n$$\n$\\because \\sqrt{16k^2+6}>4k,\\therefore -4k+\\sqrt{16k^2+6}\\neq 0,$\n$\\therefore x_1-\\frac{2k}{2k^2+1}\\neq 0,$\n$$\n\\left(另一种解释方式:\\because x_1-\\frac{2k}{2k^2+1}=x_2(kx_1-1)=x_2(y_1-2),又由题意知l不与x轴垂直,即x_2\\neq 0,y_1\\neq 2,\\therefore x_1-\\frac{2k}{2k^2+1}\\neq 0\\right).\n$$\n$\\therefore t=1.$\n$解法二:\\therefore \\left|\\frac{(t-2)x_1}{kx_1-1}\\right|=\\left|\\frac{(t+2)x_2}{kx_2+3}\\right|,$\n$即\\left|\\frac{t-2}{t+2}\\right|=\\left|\\frac{x_2(kx_1-1)}{x_1(kx_2+3)}\\right|=\\left|\\frac{kx_1x_2-x_2}{kx_1x_2+3x_1}\\right|.$\n$$\n\\because kx_1x_2=\\frac{3}{2}(x_1+x_2),(观察①②可得)\n$$\n$$\n\\therefore \\left|\\frac{kx_1x_2-x_2}{kx_1x_2+3x_1}\\right|=\\left|\\frac{\\frac{3}{2}(x_1+x_2)-x_2}{\\frac{3}{2}(x_1+x_2)+3x_1}\\right|=\\left|\\frac{\\frac{3}{2}x_1+\\frac{1}{2}x_2}{\\frac{9}{2}x_1+\\frac{3}{2}x_2}\\right|=\\frac{1}{3},\n$$\n$$\n\\therefore \\left|\\frac{t-2}{t+2}\\right|=\\frac{1}{3},即得t=1或t=4,\n$$\n$$\n\\because -2b>0) 的左顶点为A,上、下顶点分别为B_1、B_2,直线AB_1的方程为x - \sqrt{3}y + \sqrt{3} = 0.$ +$P是椭圆上一点,且在第一象限内,M是点P关于x轴的对称点。过P作垂直于y轴的直线交直线AB\_1于点Q,再过Q作垂直于x轴的直线交直线PB\_2于点N。求\angle MNQ的大小。$" ['$设P(x_0,y_0)(x_0>0,y_0>0),则M(x_0,-y_0)。由点P在椭圆E上,得\\frac{x^2_0}{3} + y^2_0 = 1。将y=y_0代入直线AB_1的方程x-\\sqrt{3}y+\\sqrt{3}=0中,得x=\\sqrt{3}(y_0-1)。所以Q(\\sqrt{3}(y_0-1),y_0)。由题意得直线PB_2的方程为y=\\frac{y_0+1}{x_0}x-1,令x=\\sqrt{3}(y_0-1),得y=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}(y^2_0-1)}{x_0}-1=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}\\left(-\\frac{x^2_0}{3}\\right)}{x_0}-1=-\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{3}x_0-1。所以N\\left(\\sqrt{3}(y_0-1),-\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{3}x_0-1\\right)。$\n\n\n\n$所以k_{MN}=\\frac{y_M-y_N}{x_M-x_N}=\\frac{-y_0+\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{3}x_0+1}{x_0-\\sqrt{3}(y_0-1)}=\\frac{x_0-\\sqrt{3}y_0+\\sqrt{3}}{\\sqrt{3}x_0-3y_0+3}=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{3},即直线MN的倾斜角是\\frac{\\pi }{6},所以\\angle MNQ=\\frac{\\pi }{3}。$'] ['$\\frac{\\pi }{3}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +591 "$已知数列{a_n}满足a_{n+1}-2a_n=0,a_3=8.$ +$设b_n=\frac{n}{a_n},数列{b_n}的前n项和为T_n.若2T_n>m-2021对n\in N^恒成立,求正整数m的最大值.$" ['$由(1)可得b_n=\\frac{n}{a_n}=\\frac{n}{2^n},则T_n=\\frac{1}{2}+\\frac{2}{2^2}+\\frac{3}{2^3}+\\ldots +\\frac{n}{2^n},\\frac{1}{2} T_n=\\frac{1}{2^2}+\\frac{2}{2^3}+\\frac{3}{2^4}+\\ldots +\\frac{n}{2^{n+1}},两式相减可得\\frac{1}{2}T_n=\\frac{1}{2}+\\frac{1}{2^2}+\\frac{1}{2^3}+\\ldots +\\frac{1}{2^n}-\\frac{n}{2^{n+1}}=\\frac{\\frac{1}{2}\\left(1-\\frac{1}{2^n}\\right)}{1-\\frac{1}{2}}-\\frac{n}{2^{n+1}},化简可得T_n=2-\\frac{n+2}{2^n}(n \\in N^),因为T_{n+1}-T_n=2-\\frac{n+3}{2^{n+1}}-2+\\frac{n+2}{2^n}=\\frac{n+1}{2^{n+1}}>0,所以{T_n}逐项递增,T_1最小,为\\frac{1}{2},所以2\\times \\frac{1}{2}>m-2 021,解得m<2022,又m \\in N^,所以m的最大值为2021.$'] ['2021'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +592 "$已知等比数列a_n的前n项和为S_n(n\in N^),且\frac{1}{a_1}-\frac{1}{a_2}=\frac{2}{a_3}, S_6=63.$ +$若对任意的n\in N, b_n是log_2 a_n和log_2 a_{n+1}的等差中项,求数列{(-1)^n b^2_n}的前2n项和.$" ['$由题意,得b_n = \\frac{1}{2}(\\log_2 a_n + \\log_2 a_{n+1}) = \\frac{1}{2}(\\log_2 2^{n-1} + \\log_2 2^n) = n-\\frac{1}{2},即{b_n}是首项为 \\frac{1}{2},公差为1的等差数列.$\n\n$设数列{(-1)^n b^2_n}的前n项和为T_n,则T_{2n}=(-b^2_1+b^2_2)+(-b^2_3+b^2_4)+\\ldots +(-b^2_{2n-1}+b^2_{2n})=b_1+b_2+\\ldots +b_{2n}=\\frac{2n(b_1+b_{2n})}{2}=2n^2.$'] ['$2n^2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +593 "$已知等差数列{a_n}满足:a_3=7,a_5+a_7=26.{a_n}的前n项和为S_n.$ +$令b_{n}=\frac{1}{a^2_n-1}(n\in N^{}),求数列{b_{n}}的前n项和T_{n}.$" ['$由(1)知,a_n=2n+1,$\n$所以b_n=\\frac{1}{a^2_n-1}=\\frac{1}{{(2n+1)}^2-1}=\\frac{1}{4n(n+1)}=\\frac{1}{4}(\\frac{1}{n}-\\frac{1}{n+1}),$\n$所以T_n=\\frac{1}{4}(1-\\frac{1}{2}+\\frac{1}{2}-\\frac{1}{3}+\\cdots +\\frac{1}{n}-\\frac{1}{n+1})=\\frac{1}{4}(1-\\frac{1}{n+1})=\\frac{n}{4(n+1)}.$'] ['\\frac{n}{4(n+1)}'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +594 "$已知公差不为零的等差数列a_n的前n项和为S_n,S_3=6,a_2,a_4,a_8成等比数列,数列b_n满足b_1=1,b_{n+1}=2b_n+1.$ +$求\sum \limits^{{100}}_{{k=1}}a^2_k\cdot sin\left(a_k \cdot \frac{\pi }{2}\right)的值;$" ['$当k=2m,m\\in N^时,a_k^2\\cdot sin\\left(a_k \\cdot \\frac{\\pi }{2}\\right)=(2m)^2\\cdot sin m\\pi =0,$\n\n$当k=2m-1,m\\in N^时,a_k^2\\cdot sin\\left(a_k \\cdot \\frac{\\pi }{2}\\right)=(2m-1)^2\\cdot sin\\frac{2m-1}{2}\\pi =(-1)^{m+1}\\cdot (2m-1)^2,$\n\n$\\therefore \\sum \\limits^{100}_{k=1}a_k^2\\cdot sin\\left(a_k \\cdot \\frac{\\pi }{2}\\right)=1^2-3^2+5^2-7^2+\\ldots +97^2-99^2$\n\n$=(1-3)(1+3)+(5-7)(5+7)+\\ldots +(97-99)(97+99)$\n\n$=-2\\times (1+3+5+7+\\ldots +97+99)=-5 000.$'] ['$-5000$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +595 "$已知等比数列{a_n}为递增数列,a_1=1,a_1+2是a_2与a_3的等差中项.$ +$若项数为n的数列{b_n}满足:b_i=b_{n+1-i}(i=1,2,3,\ldots ,n),则我们称其为n项的“对称数列”.例如:数列1,2,2,1为4项��“对称数列”;数列1,2,3,2,1为5项的“对称数列"".设数列{c_n}为2k-1(k\geq 2)项的“对称数列”,其中c_1,c_2,c_3,\ldots ,c_n是公差为2的等差数列,数列{c_n}的最大项等于a_4.记数列{c_n}的前2k-1项和为S_{2k-1},若S_{2k-1}=32,求k.$" ['$由题意知:c_k = a_4 = 8,c_1, c_2, c_3, \\ldots , c_k 是以8为末项,2为公差的等差数列,所以 c_k = c_1 + 2(k - 1) = 8,解得 c_1 = 10 - 2k。所以 c_1 + c_2 + c_3 +\\ldots + c_k = \\frac{k(8+c1)}{2} = k(9 - k), $\n\n$所以 S_{(2k-1)} = c_1 + c_2 +\\ldots + c_k + c_{k+1} +\\ldots + c_{2k-1} $\n\n$= (c_1 + c_2 +\\ldots + c_k) + (c_k + c_{k+1} +\\ldots + c_{2k-1}) - c_k $\n\n$= 2k(9 - k)-8 = 18k-2k^2-8, $\n\n$所以 32=18k-2k^2-8 ,即 k^2-9k+20=0 ,解得 k=4 或 k=5.$'] ['$k=4, k=5$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +596 "$已知f(x) = (x-1)e^{x} + \frac{1}{2}ax^{2}.$ +$当a=-e时,求f(x)的极小值;$" "[""$当a=-e时, f'(x)=x(e^{x}-e),$\n$令f'(x)=0,得x=0或1,x<0时, f'(x)>0, f(x)为增函数,0<x<1时, f'(x)<0, f(x)为减函数,x>1时, f'(x)>0, f(x)为增函数,\\therefore f(x)_{极大值}=f(0)=-1, f(x)_{极小值}=f(1)=-2e.$\n\n""]" ['-2e'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +597 "$已知函数f(x)=(\frac{1}{x}+a)ln(1+x).$ +$是否存在a,b,使得曲线y=f\left(\frac{1}{x}\right)关于直线x=b对称?若存在,求a,b;若不存在,说明理由;$" ['$存在 f \\left(\\frac{1}{x}\\right)=(x+a) \\ln \\frac{x+1}{x},其定义域为(-\\infty ,-1)\\cup (0,+\\infty )。$\n\n$要使函数 f \\left(\\frac{1}{x}\\right) 的图象关于直线 x=b 对称,则由 x \\neq 0 且 x \\neq -1 知 b=-\\frac{1}{2},此时 f \\left(\\frac{1}{x}\\right)=(x+a) \\ln \\frac{x+1}{x} 的图象关于直线 x=-\\frac{1}{2} 对称,则 f \\left(-\\frac{1}{2}+t\\right)=f \\left(-\\frac{1}{2}-t\\right),$\n$即 \\left(-\\frac{1}{2}+t+a\\right) \\ln \\frac{t+\\frac{1}{2}}{-\\frac{1}{2}+t}=\\left(a-\\frac{1}{2}-t\\right) \\ln \\frac{t-\\frac{1}{2}}{t+\\frac{1}{2}},$\n$即 \\left(a+t-\\frac{1}{2}\\right) \\ln \\frac{t+\\frac{1}{2}}{t-\\frac{1}{2}}=-\\left(a-t-\\frac{1}{2}\\right) \\ln \\frac{t+\\frac{1}{2}}{t-\\frac{1}{2}},$\n$\\therefore a+t-\\frac{1}{2}=-a+t+\\frac{1}{2}, 解得 a=\\frac{1}{2}.$'] ['$a=\\frac{1}{2},b=-\\frac{1}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +598 "$已知\alpha ,\beta 为锐角,tan \alpha =\frac{4}{3}, cos(\alpha +\beta )=-\frac{\sqrt{5}}{5}.$ +$求cos 2 \alpha的值;$" ['$因为tan \\alpha =\\frac{4}{3},tan \\alpha =\\frac{\\sin \\alpha }{\\cos \\alpha },所以sin \\alpha =\\frac{4}{3}cos \\alpha .因为sin^{2}\\alpha +cos^{2}\\alpha =1,所以cos^{2}\\alpha =\\frac{9}{25}.所以cos 2\\alpha =2cos^{2}\\alpha -1=-\\frac{7}{25}.$'] ['$-\\frac{7}{25}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +599 "$已知\alpha ,\beta 为锐角,tan \alpha =\frac{4}{3}, cos(\alpha +\beta )=-\frac{\sqrt{5}}{5}.$ +$求tan(\alpha - \beta)的值。$" ['$因为\\alpha ,\\beta 为锐角,所以\\alpha +\\beta \\in (0,\\pi ).又因为cos(\\alpha +\\beta )=-\\frac{\\sqrt{5}}{5},所以sin(\\alpha +\\beta )=\\sqrt{1-\\cos ^2(\\alpha +\\beta )}=\\frac{2\\sqrt{5}}{5},$$因此tan(\\alpha +\\beta )=-2.因为tan \\alpha =\\frac{4}{3},所以tan 2\\alpha =\\frac{2\\tan \\alpha }{1-\\tan ^2\\alpha }=-\\frac{24}{7}.$$因此tan(\\alpha -\\beta )=tan[2\\alpha -(\\alpha +\\beta )]=\\frac{\\tan 2\\alpha -\\tan (\\alpha +\\beta )}{1+\\tan 2\\alpha \\tan (\\alpha +\\beta )}=-\\frac{2}{11}.$'] ['$-\\frac{2}{11}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +600 "某地的水果店老板记录了过去100天内A类水果的日需求量x(单位:箱),整理得到如下表所示的数据. + +|x |22 |23 |24 |25 |26 | +|-- |-- |-- |-- |-- |-- | +|频数|20 |20 |30 |18 |12 | + +其中每箱A类水果的进货价为50元,出售价为100元,如果当天卖不完,就将剩下的A类水果以20元每箱的价格出售给果汁加工企业. +利用表中数据,从日需求量是25箱或26箱的天数中,采用分层抽样的方法抽取5天,再从这5天中随机抽取2天进行调查,求其中恰有1天的日需求量为26箱的概率;" ['$依题意,从日需求量是25箱的天数中抽取\\frac{18}{18+12}\\times 5=3(天),分别记为1,2,3,从日需求量是26箱的天数中抽取2天,分别记为a,b.则从这5天中随机抽取2天,所有的情况为(1,2),(1,3),(1,a),(1,b),(2,3),(2,a),(2,b),(3,a),(3,b),(a,b),共10种,其中恰有1天的日需求量为26箱的情况有(1,a),(1,b),(2,a),(2,b),(3,a),(3,b),共6种,故所求概率P=\\frac{6}{10}=\\frac{3}{5}.$'] ['$\\frac{3}{5}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +601 "某��的水果店老板记录了过去100天内A类水果的日需求量x(单位:箱),整理得到如下表所示的数据. + +|x |22 |23 |24 |25 |26 | +|-- |-- |-- |-- |-- |-- | +|频数|20 |20 |30 |18 |12 | + +其中每箱A类水果的进货价为50元,出售价为100元,如果当天卖不完,就将剩下的A类水果以20元每箱的价格出售给果汁加工企业. +已知该水果店在这100天中每天A类水果的进货量均为24箱,求这100天卖出A类水果所获得的日平均利润." ['$若x=24,25或26,则日利润为24\\times 50=1 200(元);$\n$若x=23,则日利润为23\\times 50+1\\times (-30)=1 120(元);$\n$若x=22,则日利润为22\\times 50+2\\times (-30)=1 040(元).$\n$故这100天卖出A类水果所获得的日平均利润为$\n$\\frac{1 200\\times (30+18+12)+1 120\\times 20+1 040\\times 20}{100}$\n$=1 152(元).$'] ['1152'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False 元 Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +602 "2019年,我国施行个人所得税专项附加扣除办法,涉及子女教育、继续教育、大病医疗、住房贷款利息或者住房租金、赡养老人等六项专项附加扣除.某单位老、中、青员工分别有72,108,120人,现采用分层抽样的方法,从该单位上述员工中抽取25人调查专项附加扣除的享受情况. +应从老、中、青员工中分别抽取多少人?" ['由已知,老、中、青员工人数之比为6:9:10,由于采用分层抽样的方法从中抽取25位员工,因此应从老、中、青员工中分别抽取6人,9人,10人.\n\n'] ['6,9,10'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +603 "2019年,我国施行个人所得税专项附加扣除办法,涉及子女教育、继续教育、大病医疗、住房贷款利息或者住房租金、赡养老人等六项专项附加扣除.某单位老、中、青员工分别有72,108,120人,现采用分层抽样的方法,从该单位上述员工中抽取25人调查专项附加扣除的享受情况. +$在抽取的25人中,享受至少两项专项附加扣除的员工有6人,分别记为A,B,C,D,E,F。享受情况如下表,其中“○”表示享受,“\times ”表示不享受.现从这6人中随机抽取2人接受采访.$ + +$(i)试用所给字母列举出所有可能的抽取结果;$ + +$(ii)设M为事件“抽取的2人享受的专项附加扣除至少有一项相同”,求事件M发生的概率.$ + +|员工/项目|A|B|C|D|E|F| +|--- |--- |--- |--- |--- |--- |--- | +|$子女教育$|○|○|$\times$|○|$\times$|○| +|$继续教育$|$\times$|$\times$|○|$\times$|○|○| +|$大病医疗$|$\times$|$\times$|$\times$|○|$\times$|$\times$| +|$住房贷款利息$|○|○|$\times$|$\times$|○|○| +|$住房租金$|$\times$|$\times$|○||$\times$|$\times$| +|$赡养老人$|○|○|$\times$|$\times$|$\times$|○|" ['$- (i)从已知的6人中随机抽取2人的所有可能结果为{A,B},{A,C},{A,D},{A,E},{A,F},{B,C},{B,D},{B,E},{B,F},{C,D},{C,E},{C,F},{D,E},{D,F},{E,F},共15种.$\n$- (ii)由表格知,符合题意的所有可能结果为{A,B},{A,D},{A,E},{A,F},{B,D},{B,E},{B,F},{C,E},{C,F},{D,F},{E,F},共11种.$\n$- 所以,事件M发生的概率P(M)=\\frac{11}{15}.$'] ['\\frac{11}{15}'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +604 "$某厂为比较甲、乙两种工艺对橡胶产品伸缩率的处理效应,进行10次配对试验,每次配对试验选用材质相同的两个橡胶产品,随机地选其中一个用甲工艺处理,另一个用乙工艺处理,测量处理后的橡胶产品的伸缩率.甲、乙两种工艺处理后的橡胶产品的伸缩率分别记为x_{i},y_{i}(i=1,2,\ldots ,10),试验结果如下:$ +| 试验序号i | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10| +|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| +| $伸缩率x_{i}$ | 545 | 533 | 551 | 522 | 575 | 544 | 541 | 568 | 596 | 548 | +| $伸缩率y_{i}$ | 536 | 527 | 543 | 530 | 560 | 533 | 522 | 550 | 576 | 536 | + +$记z_{i}=x_{i}-y_{i}(i=1,2,\ldots ,10),记z_{1},z_{2},\ldots ,z_{10}的样本平均数为\overline{z},样本方差为s^2.$ +$求\overline{z}, s^2;$" ['$z_i=x_i-y_i (i=1,2,...,10) 依次为 9, 6, 8, -8, 15, 11, 19, 18, 20, 12, 则 \\overline{z}=\\frac{1}{10} \\times (9+6+8-8+15+11+19+18+20+12)=11,$\n\n$s^2= \\frac{1}{10} \\times [(9-11)^2+(6-11)^2+(8-11)^2+(-8-11)^2+(15-11)^2+(11-11)^2+(19-11)^2+(18-11)^2+(20-11)^2+(12-11)^2]=61.$'] ['$\\overline{z}=11, s^2=61$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +605 "某行业主管部门为了解本行业中小企业的生产情况,随机调查了100个企业,得到这些企业第一季度相对于前一年第一季度产值增长率y的频数分布表. + +| $y的分组$ | $[-0.20,0)$ | $[0,0.20)$ | $[0.20,0.40)$ | $[0.40,0.60)$ | $[0.60,0.80)$ | +| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | +| 企业数 | 2 | 24 | 53 | 14 | 7 | +分别估计这类企业中产值增长率不低于40%的企业比例、产值负增长的企业比例;" ['$根据产值增长率频数分布表得,所调查的100个企业中产值增长率不低于40%的企业频率为\\frac{14+7}{100}=0.21.产值负增长的企业频率为\\frac{2}{100}=0.02.$\n\n用样本频率分布估计总体分布得这类企业中产值增长率不低于40%的企业比例为21%,产值负增长的企业比例为2%.'] ['21\\%, 2\\%'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +606 "某行业主管部门为了解本行业中小企业的生产情况,随机调查了100个企业,得到这些企业第一季度相对于前一年第一季度产值增长率y的频数分布表. + +| $y的分组$ | $[-0.20,0)$ | $[0,0.20)$ | $[0.20,0.40)$ | $[0.40,0.60)$ | $[0.60,0.80)$ | +| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | +| 企业数 | 2 | 24 | 53 | 14 | 7 | +$求这类企业产值增长率的平均数与标准差的估计值(同一组中的数据用该组区间的中点值为代表).(精确到0.01)$ +$附:\sqrt{74}\approx 8.602.$" ['$\\overline{y} = \\frac{1}{100} \\times (-0.10\\times 2+0.10\\times 24+0.30\\times 53+0.50\\times 14+0.70\\times 7)=0.30,$\n$s^2 = \\frac{1}{100} \\sum \\limits^{5}_{i=1} n_i(y_i-\\overline{y})^2 = \\frac{1}{100}[2\\times (-0.40)^2 +24\\times (-0.20)^2 +53\\times 0^2 +14\\times 0.20^2 +7\\times 0.40^2] =0.029 6,$\n$s = \\sqrt{0.029 6} =0.02\\times \\sqrt{74} \\approx 0.17.$\n所以,这类企业产值增长率的平均数与标准差的估计值分别为30%,17%.'] ['30\\%, 17\\%'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +607 "$一项试验旨在研究臭氧效应,试验方案如下:选40只小白鼠,随机地将其中20只分配到试验组,另外20只分配到对照组,试验组的小白鼠饲养在高浓度臭氧环境,对照组的小白鼠饲养在正常环境,一段时间后统计每只小白鼠体重的增加量(单位:g).试验结果如下:$ + +对照组的小白鼠体重的增加量从小到大排序为 +15.2 18.8 20.2 21.3 22.5 23.2 25.8 +26.5 27.5 30.1 32.6 34.3 34.8 35.6 +35.6 35.8 36.2 37.3 40.5 43.2 + +试验组的小白鼠体重的增加量从小到大排序为 +7.8 9.2 11.4 12.4 13.2 15.5 16.5 +18.0 18.8 19.2 19.8 20.2 21.6 22.8 +23.6 23.9 25.1 28.2 32.3 36.5 +计算试验组的样本平均数." ['$试验组的样本平均数 \\overline{x} = \\frac{1}{20} \\times (7.8+9.2+11.4+12.4+13.2+15.5+16.5+18.0+18.8+19.2+19.8+20.2+21.6+22.8+23.6+23.9+25.1+28.2+32.3+36.5) = 19.8.$'] ['$19.8$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +608 "$为加强环境保护,治理空气污染,环境监测部门对某市空气质量进行调研,随机抽查了100天空气中的PM_{2.5}和SO_{2}浓度(单位:\mu g/m^{3}),得下表:$ + +| $SO_2 / PM_{2.5}$ | $[0,50]$ | $(50,150]$ | $(150,475]$ | +|-------------|---------|------------|-------------| +| $[0,35]$ | 32 | 18 | 4 | +| $(35,75]$ | 6 | 8 | 12 | +| $(75,115]$ | 3 | 7 | 10 | +$估计事件“该市一天空气中PM_{2.5}浓度不超过75,且SO_{2}浓度不超过150”的概率;$" ['根据抽查数据,该市100天的空气中$PM_{2.5}$浓度不超过75,且$SO_{2}$浓度不超过150的天数为$32+18+6+8=64$,因此,该市一天空气中$PM_{2.5}$浓度不超过75,且$SO_{2}$浓度不超过150的概率的估计值为\n$\\frac{64}{100}=0.64$'] ['$0.64$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +609 "某商场为提高服务质量,随机调查了50名男顾客和50名女顾客,每位顾客对该商场的服务给出满意或不满意的评价,得到下面列联表: + +| | 满意 | 不满意 | +|-------|------|--------| +|男顾客 | 40 | 10 | +|女顾客 | 30 | 20 | + +分别估计男、女顾客对该商场服务满意的概率;" ['$由调查数据,男顾客中对该商场服务满意的比率为\\frac{40}{50}=0.8,因此男顾客对该商场服务满意的概率的估计值为0.8.$\n\n$女顾客中对该商场服务满意的比率为\\frac{30}{50}=0.6,因此女顾客对该商场服务满意的概率的估计值为0.6.$\n\n'] ['0.8,0.6'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical 1e-1 Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +610 "$""城市公交""泛指城市范围内定线运营的公共汽车及轨道交通等交通方式,也是人们日常出行的主要方式.某城市的公交公司为了方便市民出行,科学规划车辆投放,在一个人员密集流动地段增设一个起点站,为了研究车辆发车间隔时间x与乘客等候人数y之间的关系,经过调查得到如下数���:$ + +| | 6 | 8 | 10 | 12 | 14 | +|---|----|----|----|----|----| +|$间隔时间x(分钟)$|15|18|20|24|23| +|$等候人数y(人) $|15|18|20|24|23| +根据以上数据作出散点图,易知可用线性回归模型拟合$y与x$的关系,请用相关系数加以说明;" ['$由题意知,\\overline{x}=10,\\overline{y}=20,$\n$\\sum \\limits^{5}_{{i=1}}(x_i-\\overline{x})(y_i-\\overline{y})=(6-10)\\times (15-20)+(8-10)\\times (18-20)+(10-10)\\times (20-20)+(12-10)\\times (24-20)+(14-10)\\times (23-20)=20+4+0+8+12=44,$\n$\\sum \\limits^{5}_{{i=1}}(x_i-\\overline{x})^2=16+4+0+4+16=40,$\n$\\sum \\limits^{5}_{{i=1}}(y_i-\\overline{y})^2=25+4+0+16+9=54,$\n$所以 r=\\frac{44}{\\sqrt{40\\times 54}}=\\frac{11}{3\\sqrt{15}}. 又3\\sqrt{15}\\approx 11.62, 则 r\\approx 0.95. $\n$因为 y与x的相关系数近似为0.95,说明 y与x的线性相关性非常高,所以可以用线性回归模型拟合 y与x的关系$.'] ['$r\\approx 0.95$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +611 "$已知点P(2,1),直线l:\begin{equation} +\begin{cases} +x=2+t\cos \alpha,\\ +y=1+t\sin \alpha +\end{cases} +\end{equation}(t为参数),\alpha为l的倾斜角,l与x轴正半轴、y轴正半轴分别交于点A,B,且|PA|\cdot |PB|=4.$ +$求\alpha ;$" ['$设点A,B对应的参数值分别为t_1,t_2,$\n$令y=0得t\\sin \\alpha +1=0,\\therefore t_1=\\frac{-1}{\\sin \\alpha },即|PA|=|t_1|=\\frac{1}{\\sin \\alpha },$\n$令x=0得t\\cos \\alpha +2=0,\\therefore t_2=\\frac{-2}{\\cos \\alpha },即|PB|=|t_2|=\\frac{2}{|\\cos \\alpha |}。$\n$\\therefore |PA|\\cdot |PB|=\\frac{2}{|\\sin \\alpha \\cos \\alpha |}=\\frac{4}{|\\sin 2\\alpha |}=4,$\n$\\therefore \\sin 2\\alpha =\\pm1,又\\because \\alpha \\in [0,\\pi ),\\therefore 2\\alpha =\\frac{\\pi }{2}或2\\alpha =\\frac{3\\pi }{2},$\n$\\therefore \\alpha =\\frac{\\pi }{4}或\\alpha =\\frac{3\\pi }{4}。$\n$\\because l与x轴正半轴,y轴正半轴分别相交,\\therefore \\alpha =\\frac{3\\pi }{4}.$'] ['$\\frac{3\\pi }{4}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +612 "$在直角坐标系xOy中,曲线C的参数方程为$ +$\begin{align*} +x&=2\cos \theta ,\\ +y&=4\sin \theta +\end{align*}$ +$(\theta为参数),直线l的参数方程为$ +$\begin{align*} +x&=1+t\cos \alpha ,\\ +y&=2+t\sin \alpha +\end{align*}$ +$(t为参数).$ +$若曲线C截直线l所得线段的中点坐标为(1,2),求l的斜率.$" ['$将l的参数方程代入C的直角坐标方程,整理得关于t的方程 (1+3cos^2 \\alpha)t^2 +4(2cos \\alpha +sin \\alpha)t -8=0. ①$\n\n$因为曲线C截直线l所得线段的中点(1,2)在C内,所以①有两个解,设为t_1,t_2,则t_1+t_2=0.$\n\n$又由①得t_1+t_2= -\\frac{4(2\\cos \\alpha +\\sin \\alpha )}{1+3\\cos ^2\\alpha }, 故2\\cos \\alpha+\\sin \\alpha=0, 于是直线l的斜率k=\\tan \\alpha=-2.$'] ['$-2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +613 "$在直角坐标系xOy中,曲线C的参数方程为$ +$$ +\left\{ +\begin{matrix} +x=\frac{1-t^2}{1+t^2},\\ +y=\frac{4t}{1+t^2} +\end{matrix} +\right. +$$ +$(t为参数).以坐标原点O为极点,x轴的正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,直线l的极坐标方程为2\rho \cos \theta +\sqrt{3}\rho \sin \theta +11=0.$ +求C上的点到l距离的最小值。" ['$由(1)可设 C 的参数方程为 $\n\n$$\n\\begin{cases}\nx=\\cos \\alpha ,\\\\\ny=2\\sin \\alpha\n\\end{cases}\n$$\n\n$其中 \\alpha 为参数, -\\pi < \\alpha < \\pi。 $\n\n$C 上的点到 l 的距离为 $\n\n$$\n\\frac{|2\\cos \\alpha +2\\sqrt{3}\\sin \\alpha +11|}{\\sqrt{7}}=\\frac{4\\cos \\left( \\alpha - \\frac{\\pi}{3} \\right) +11}{\\sqrt{7}}\n$$\n\n利用三角函数的有界性求最值。 \n\n$当 \\alpha = -\\frac{2\\pi}{3} 时,4\\cos \\left( \\alpha - \\frac{\\pi}{3} \\right) +11 取得最小值7,故 C 上的点到 l 距离的最小值为 \\sqrt{7}。$'] ['$\\sqrt{7}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +614 "$在极坐标系中,O(0,0),A\left(6,\frac{\pi }{2}\right),B\left(6\sqrt{2},\frac{\pi }{4}\right),以极点O为原点,极轴为x轴正半轴,建立平面直角坐标系,已知直线l的参数方程为\left\{\begin{matrix}x=-1+t\cos \alpha ,\\ y=2+t\sin \alpha \end{matrix}\right.(t为参数,\alpha \in R),且点P的直角坐标为(-1,2).$ +$求证直线l与(1)中的圆C有两个交点M,N,并求|PM|\cdot |PN|的值.$" ['将直线l的参数方程\n\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x=-1+t\\cos \\alpha ,\\\\ y=2+t\\sin \\alpha \\end{matrix}\\right.$\n\n$(t为参数,\\alpha \\in R)代入圆C的方程(x-3)^2+(y-3)^2=18,并整理得t^2-2(4\\cos \\alpha +\\sin \\alpha )t-1=0, 此方程的判别式\\Delta =[-2(4\\cdot \\cos \\alpha +\\sin \\alpha )]^2-4\\times 1\\times (-1)=[2(4\\cos \\alpha +\\sin \\alpha )]^2+4>0。$\n\n$\\therefore 此方程有两个不等实根,\\therefore 直线l与(1)中的圆C有两个交点。$\n\n设两个交点M,N所对应的参数值分别为t_{1},t_{2},则t_{1},t_{2}是该方程的两个实数根。\n\n$\\therefore t_{1}t_{2}=-1,由直线l的参数方程和点P的坐标可知,|PM|\\cdot |PN|=|t_{1}||t_{2}|=|t_{1}t_{2}|=1.$'] ['$1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +615 "$在平面直角坐标系xOy中,设曲线C_1的参数方程为$ +$$ +\left\{\begin{matrix} +x=\frac{1}{3}\cos \alpha ,\\ +y=2+\frac{1}{3}\sin \alpha +\end{matrix}\right. +$$ +$(\alpha为参数),以坐标原点为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,已知曲线C_2的极坐标方程为\rho=\frac{2}{\sqrt{\cos^2\theta +4\sin^2\theta }}。$ +$设P,Q分别为曲线C_1与C_2上的动点,求|PQ|的最大值.$" ['$曲线C_1:x^2+(y-2)^2=\\frac{1}{9}是圆,其圆心为C_1(0,2),半径为r=\\frac{1}{3}.所以|PQ|\\leq |QC_1|+r=|QC_1|+\\frac{1}{3}.$\n\n$将C_2的直角坐标方程\\frac{x^2}{4}+y^2=1化为参数方程得\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x=2\\cos \\theta ,\\\\ y=\\sin \\theta \\end{matrix}\\right.(\\theta为参数),所以Q(2\\cos \\theta,\\sin \\theta),$\n$所以|QC_1|=\\sqrt{(2\\cos \\theta )^2+(\\sin \\theta -2)^2}=\\sqrt{4(1-\\sin^2\\theta) +(\\sin \\theta -2)^2}=\\sqrt{-3\\sin^2\\theta -4\\sin \\theta +8}=\\sqrt{-3\\left(\\sin \\theta +\\frac{2}{3}\\right)^2+\\frac{28}{3}}\\leq \\frac{2\\sqrt{21}}{3},$\n\n$当且仅当\\sin \\theta=-\\frac{2}{3}时等号成立,所以|PQ|\\leq |QC_1|+\\frac{1}{3}\\leq \\frac{2\\sqrt{21}+1}{3},故|PQ|的最大值为\\frac{2\\sqrt{21}+1}{3}.$'] ['$\\frac{2\\sqrt{21}+1}{3}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +616 "$在直角坐标系中,曲线C的参数方程为x=2+4\cos \varphi ,y=4\sin \varphi(\phi 为参数),以坐标原点为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,直线l的极坐标方程为\rho \cos (\theta +\frac{\pi }{4})=-\sqrt{2}.$ +$已知P(-1,1),直线l与曲线C交于A,B两点,弦AB的中点为Q,求\frac{|PQ|}{|PA|+|PB|}的值.$" "[""过点P(-1,1)的直线l的参数方程为\n\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x=-1+\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}t',\\\\ y=1+\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}t'\\end{matrix}\\right. $\n\n$(t'为参数),代入(x-2)^2+y^2=16,得t'^2-2\\sqrt{2}t'-6=0,易得\\Delta >0,所以t'_1+t'_2=2\\sqrt{2},t'_1t'_2=-6<0,$\n\n$故 \\frac{|PQ|}{|PA|+|PB|} = \\frac{\\frac{|t'_1+t'_2|}{2}}{|t'_1|+|t'_2|} = \\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{\\sqrt{(t'_1+t'_2)^2-4t'_1t'_2}} = \\frac{1}{4} .$""]" ['$\\frac{1}{4}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +617 "$已知 f(x)=2|x|+|x-2|.$ +$在直角坐标系xOy中,求不等式组$ +$$ +\left\{ +\begin{matrix} +f(x)\leq y,\\ +x+y-6\leq 0 +\end{matrix} +\right. +$$ +所确定的平面区域的面积." ['不等式组\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix} f(x)\\leq y,\\\\ x+y-6\\leq 0\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n$等价于f(x)\\leq 6-x,分别作出y=f(x)的图象及直线y=6-x,$\n$\\therefore 不等式组所表示的平面区域如图中阴影部分所示(\\triangle ABC及其内部).$\n\n由\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}y=-3x+2,\\\\ x+y=6,\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n解得$A(-2,8)$.\n由\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}y=x+2,\\\\ x+y=6,\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n解得$C(2,4),又B(0,2),D(0,6)$,\n$\\therefore S_{\\triangle ABC}=\\frac{1}{2}|BD|\\cdot |x_{C}-x_{A}|=\\frac{1}{2}\\times 4\\times 4=8.$\n一题多解\n由(1)知不等式组\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix} f(x)\\leq y,\\\\ x+y-6\\leq 0\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n可以等价转化为\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x\\leq 0,\\\\ 3x+y-2\\geq 0,\\\\ x+y-6\\leq 0\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n或\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}0\n其中A(-2,8),B(0,2),C(2,4),D(0,6),\n$\\therefore 所求平面区域的面积S=\\frac{1}{2}\\times 4\\times 4=8.$'] ['8'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +618 "$设a>0,函数f(x)=2|x-a|-a。$ +$若曲线y=f(x)与x轴所围成的图形的面积为2,求a。$" ['曲线y=f(x)如图所示.\n\n\n$曲线f(x)与x轴围成的图形的面积S= \\frac{1}{2} \\left(\\frac{3}{2}a-\\frac{a}{2}\\right)\\cdot a=2,即a^2=4,又\\because a>0,\\therefore a=2.$'] ['$a=2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +619 "某大学A学院共有学生1 000人,其中男生640人,女生360人. 该学院体育社团为了解学生参与跑步运动的情况,按性别分层抽样,从该学院所有学生中抽取若干人作为样本,对样本中的每位学生在5���份的累计跑步里程进行统计,得到下表. + +| 跑步里程s(km) | 0\leq s<30 | 30\leq s<60 | 60\leq s<90 | s\geq 90 | +|---------------|---------|----------|----------|-------| +| 男生 | a | 12 | 10 | 5 | +| 女生 | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | +$求a的值,并估计A学院学生5月份累计跑步里程s(km)在[0,30)中的男生人数;$" ['$由 \\frac{a+12+10+5}{6+6+4+2} = \\frac{640}{360},解得 a = 5.$\n$A 学院样本总数为 5+12+10+5+6+6+4+2 = 50,估计 A 学院学生 5月份 累计跑步里程 s (km) 在 [0,30) 中的男生人数为 1 000 \\times \\frac{5}{50} = 100.$'] ['$a = 5, 100$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +620 "某大学A学院共有学生1 000人,其中男生640人,女生360人. 该学院体育社团为了解学生参与跑步运动的情况,按性别分层抽样,从该学院所有学生中抽取若干人作为样本,对样本中的每位学生在5月份的累计跑步里程进行统计,得到下表. + +| 跑步里程s(km) | 0\leq s<30 | 30\leq s<60 | 60\leq s<90 | s\geq 90 | +|---------------|---------|----------|----------|-------| +| 男生 | a | 12 | 10 | 5 | +| 女生 | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | +该大学B学院男生与女生人数之比为\lambda ,B学院体育社团为了解学生参与跑步运动的情况,也按性别进行分层抽样.已知A学院和B学院的样本数据整理如下表. + +5月份累计跑步里程平均值(单位:km) + +| 学院 / 性别 | A | B | +| :--------- | :---: | :---: | +| 男 | 50 | 59 | +| 女 | 40 | 45 | + +$设A学院样本中学生5月份累计跑步里程平均值为\overline{x}_{A},B学院样本中学生5月份累计跑步里程平均值为\overline{x}_{B},是否存在\lambda ,使得\overline{x}_{A} \geq \overline{x}_{B}?如果存在,求\lambda 的最大值;如果不存在,说明理由.$" ['$存在满足条件的\\lambda ,且\\lambda 的最大值为\\frac{1}{9}. 设B学院女生人数为x,则男生人数为\\lambda x,则 \\overline{x}_B=\\frac{59\\lambda x+45x}{\\lambda x+x}=\\frac{59\\lambda +45}{\\lambda +1}, \\overline{x}_A=\\frac{50\\times 640+40\\times 360}{1 000}=\\frac{232}{5},令\\overline{x}_A\\geq \\overline{x}_B,得\\frac{232}{5}\\geq \\frac{59\\lambda +45}{\\lambda +1},解得\\lambda \\leq \\frac{1}{9},所以\\lambda 的最大值为\\frac{1}{9}.$'] ['$\\frac{1}{9}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +621 "某数学学习小组的7名学生在一次考试后调整了学习方法,一段时间后又参加了第二次考试.两次考试的成绩如下表所示(满分100分): + +学生 | 第一次成绩 | 第二次成绩 +----- | ------ | -------- +学生1 | 82 | 83 +学生2 | 89 | 90 +学生3 | 78 | 75 +学生4 | 92 | 95 +学生5 | 92 | 93 +学生6 | 65 | 61 +学生7 | 81 | 76 +从数学学习小组7名学生中随机选取1名,求该名学生第二次考试成绩高于第一次考试成绩的概率;" ['根据题表中数据可知这7名学生中有4名学生的第二次考试成绩高于第一次考试成绩,分别是学生1,学生2,学生4,学生5,\n$则从数学学习小组7名学生中随机选取1名,该名学生第二次考试成绩高于第一次考试成绩的概率为 \\frac{4}{7}.$'] ['$\\frac{4}{7}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +622 "为研究某地区2021届大学毕业生毕业三个月后的毕业去向,某调查公司从该地区2021届大学毕业生中随机选取了1 000人作为样本进行调查,结果如下: + +| 毕业去向 | 继续学习深造 | 单位就业 | 自主创业 | 自由职业 | 慢就业 | +| ------ | ------ | ------ | ------ | ------ | ------ | +| 人数 | 200 | 560 | 14 | 128 | 98 | + +假设该地区2021届大学毕业生选择的毕业去向相互独立. +若该地区一所高校2021届大学毕业生的人数为2 500,试根据样本估计该校2021届大学毕业生选择“单位就业”的人数;" ['$由题意得,该校2021届大学毕业生选择“单位就业”的人数为2 500\\times \\frac{560}{1 000}=1 400.$'] ['1400'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +623 "为研究某地区2021届大学毕业生毕业三个月后的毕业去向,某调查公司从该地区2021届大学毕业生中随机选取了1 000人作为样本进行调查,结果如下: + +| 毕业去向 | 继续学习深造 | 单位就业 | 自主创业 | 自由职业 | 慢就业 | +| ------ | ------ | ------ | ------ | ------ | ------ | +| 人数 | 200 | 560 | 14 | 128 | 98 | + +假设该地区2021届大学毕业生选择的毕业去向相互独立. +$该公司在半年后对样本中的毕业生进行再调查,发现仅有选择��慢就业”的毕业生中的a (02700 | $t\leq 2700 $ | +| B型 | t>1000 | $t\leq 1000 $ | +| C型 | t>2300 | $t\leq 2300 $ | + +假设用频率估计概率. +从样本未废弃的发酵液中随机抽取一瓶,求其品质高的概率;" ['$设“从样本未废弃的发酵液中随机抽取一瓶,其品质高”为事件 F.$\n\n$由题可知,样本中未废弃的发酵液共6+4+5=15瓶,其中品质高的有9瓶,所以 P(F)=\\frac{9}{15}=\\frac{3}{5}.$'] ['$\\frac{3}{5}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +636 "果酒由水果本身的糖分被酵母菌发酵而成.研究表明,果酒中的芳香气味主要来自酯类化合物.某学习小组在实验中使用了3种不同的酵母菌(A型,B型,C型)分别对三组(每组10瓶)相同的水果原液进行发酵,一段时间后测定发酵液中某种酯类化合物的含量.实验过程中部分发酵液因被污染而废弃,最终得到数据如下(“X”表示该瓶发酵液因废弃造成空缺): + +| 酵母菌类型 | 该酯类化合物的含量(\mu g/L) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | +| ------ | ---- | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | +| A型 | X | 2747 | 2688 | X | X | 2817 | 2679 | X | 2692 | 2721 | +| B型 | 1151 | X | 1308 | X | 994 | X | X | X | 1002 | X | +| C型 | 2240 | X | X | 2340 | 2318 | X | 2519 | 2162 | X | X | + +根据发酵液中该酯类化合物的含量t(\mu g/L)是否超过某一阈值来评定其品质,其标准如下: + +| 酵母菌类型 | 品质高 | 品质普通 | +| --- | ---- | ---- | +| A型 | t>2700 | $t\leq 2700 $ | +| B型 | t>1000 | $t\leq 1000 $ | +| C型 | t>2300 | $t\leq 2300 $ | + +假设用频率估计概率. +设事件D为“从样本含A型,B型,C型酵母菌的未废弃的发酵液中各随机抽取一瓶,这三瓶中至少有一瓶品质高”,求事件D发生的概率P(D);" [':\n\n$设“从样本含A型酵母菌的未废弃的发酵液中随机抽取一瓶,其品质高”为事件 A_1,$\n$“从样本含B型酵母菌的未废弃的发酵液中随机抽取一瓶,其品质高”为事件 B_1,$\n$“从样本含C型酵母菌的未废弃的发酵液中随机抽取一瓶,其品质高”为事件 C_1.$\n$由题可知,P(A_1)=\\frac{3}{6}=\\frac{1}{2},P(B_1)=\\frac{3}{4},P(C_1)=\\frac{3}{5}.$\n$则 P(D)=1-P(\\overline{A_1}\\overline{B_1}\\overline{C_1})=1-P(\\overline{A_1})P(\\overline{B_1})P(\\overline{C_1})=1-\\left(1-\\frac{1}{2}\\right)\\times \\left(1-\\frac{3}{4}\\right)\\times \\left(1-\\frac{3}{5}\\right)=\\frac{19}{20}.$'] ['$\\frac{19}{20}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +637 "某产业园生产的一种产品的成本为50元/件.销售单价依产品的等级来确定,其中优等品、一等品、二等品、普通品的销售单价分别为80元、75元、65元、60元.为了解各等级产品的比例,检测员从流水线上随机抽取200件产品进行等级检测,检测结果如下表所示. + +| 产品等级 | 优等品 | 一等品 | 二等品 | 普通品 | +| -------- | ------ | ------ | ------ | ------ | +| 样本数量(件) | 30 | 50 | 60 | 60 | +若从流水线上随机抽取一件产品,估计该产品为优等品的概率;" ['$抽取的200件产品中优等品有30件,抽取优等品的频率是\\frac{30}{200} = \\frac{3}{20},用样本估计总体,从流水线上随机抽取一件产品,估计是���等品的概率为\\frac{3}{20}.$'] ['\\frac{3}{20}'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +638 "$设函数f(x)=ae^{x}\ln x+\frac{be^{x-1}}{x},曲线y=f(x)在点(1, f(1))处的切线为y=e(x-1)+2.$ +求a,b;" "[""$易得函数f(x)的定义域为(0,+\\infty ),f'(x)=ae^{x}\\ln x+\\frac{a}{x}e^{x}-\\frac{b}{x^2}e^{x-1}+\\frac{b}{x}e^{x-1}。$\n\n$由题意可得f(1)=b=2,f'(1)=ae=e,故a=1,b=2。$""]" ['$a=1,b=2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +639 "$设x, y, z\in R,且x+y+z=1.$ +$求 (x-1)^2+(y+1)^2+(z+1)^2 的最小值;$" ['$解法一: 由于 (x-1)+(y+1)+(z+1)^2=(x-1)^2+(y+1)^2+(z+1)^2+2[(x-1)(y+1)+(y+1)(z+1)+(z+1)(x-1)] \\leq ((x-1)^2+(y+1)^2+(z+1)^2)+[(x-1)^2+(y+1)^2]+[(y+1)^2+(z+1)^2]+[(z+1)^2+(x-1)^2] = 3[(x-1)^2+(y+1)^2+(z+1)^2],$\n$故 (x+y+z+1)^2=4\\leq3[(x-1)^2+(y+1)^2+(z+1)^2],即 (x-1)^2+(y+1)^2+(z+1)^2\\geq \\frac{4}{3},$\n$当且仅当 x=\\frac{5}{3}, y=-\\frac{1}{3}, z=-\\frac{1}{3} 时等号成立.$\n$所以 (x-1)^2+(y+1)^2+(z+1)^2 的最小值为 \\frac{4}{3}.$'] ['$\\frac{4}{3}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +640 "$已知f(x)=|2x+1|,不等式f(x)\leq 3x的解集为M.$ +$若x\in M时,不等式f(x)+\frac{a}{f(x)}\geq 4-a恒成立,求正实数a的最小值.$" "[""$由(1)知,f(x)=2x+1,$\n$\\therefore f(x)+\\frac{a}{f(x)}\\geq 4-a,即为2x+1+\\frac{a}{2x+1}\\geq 4-a(x\\geq 1)恒成立,$\n$则a\\geq \\frac{(3-2x)(2x+1)}{2x+2}(x\\geq 1)恒成立,$\n$设h(x)=\\frac{(3-2x)(2x+1)}{2x+2}=6-2(x+1)-\\frac{5}{2(x+1)}(x\\geq 1),$\n$则h'(x)=-2+\\frac{5}{2(x+1)^2}=\\frac{5-4(x+1)^2}{2(x+1)^2}。$\n$当x\\geq 1时, h'(x)<0,\\therefore h(x)单调递减,$\n$\\therefore h_{max}(x)=h(1)=\\frac{3}{4},\\therefore a\\geq \\frac{3}{4},即正实数a的最小值为\\frac{3}{4}。$""]" ['$\\frac{3}{4}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +641 "$设函数f(x)=3|x-2|+|x|.$ +$求直线 y = a 与 f(x) 的图象围成的三角形的面积的最大值.$" ['$作出f(x)的大致图象如图所示,$\n\n\n$由图可得当a=6时,直线y=a与f(x)的图象围成的\\triangle ABC的面积最大,$\n\n$令f(x)=6,即$\n$$\n\\begin{align*}\n6-2x&=6,& 0\\leq x\\leq 2\\\\\n\\end{align*}\n$$\n或\n$$\n\\begin{align*}\n4x-6&=6,& x>2.\\\\\n\\end{align*}\n$$\n$解得x=0或x=3,所以B(0,6),A(3,6),又C(2,2),$\n\n$所以\\triangle ABC的面积为\\frac{1}{2}\\times3\\times(6-2)=6.$'] ['6'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +642 "$已知函数f(x)=|x-1|+|x+2|.$ +$如果t是f(x)的最小值,且a+2b+3c=t,求a^2+2b^2+3c^2的最小值。$" ['$因为 |x - 1| + |x + 2| \\geq |(x - 1) - (x + 2)| = 3,当且仅当 (x-1)(x+2) \\leq 0,即 -2 \\leq x \\leq 1 时,等号成立,所以 t = 3,从而 a + 2b + 3c = 3。$\n\n$又 a^2 + 2b^2 + 3c^2 = a^2 + (\\sqrt{2}b)^2 + (\\sqrt{3}c)^2,所以由柯西不等式得 a + 2b + 3c = 1a + \\sqrt{2} \\times \\sqrt{2}b + \\sqrt{3} \\times \\sqrt{3}c \\leq \\sqrt{ [1^2 + (\\sqrt{2})^2 + (\\sqrt{3})^2] \\cdot [a^2 + (\\sqrt{2}b)^2 + (\\sqrt{3}c)^2] } ,即 9 \\leq 6(a^2 + 2b^2 + 3c^2),当且仅当 a = \\frac{\\sqrt{2}b}{\\sqrt{2}} = \\frac{\\sqrt{3}c}{\\sqrt{3}},即 a = b = c 时,等号成立,$\n\n$所以 a^2 + 2b^2 + 3c^2 \\geq \\frac{3}{2},$\n\n$故 a^2 + 2b^2 + 3c^2 的最小值为 \\frac{3}{2} 。$'] ['$\\frac{3}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +643 "$已知函数 f(x)=2|x+1|+|x+2| 的最小值为 m.$ +$求m的值;$" ['$依题意得, f(x)=2|x+1|+|x+2|=\\begin{cases} -3x-4,x \\leq -2,\\\\ -x,-2 < x < -1,\\\\ 3x+4,x \\geq -1. \\end{cases}$\n$当x \\leq -2时, f(x) \\geq 2,$\n$当-2 < x < -1时,1 < f(x) < 2,$\n$当x \\geq -1时, f(x) \\geq 1。$\n$综上,当x = -1时, f(x)取得最小值1,即m=1。$'] ['$m=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +644 "$已知函数 f(x)=2|x+1|+|x+2| 的最小值为 m.$ +$已知a,b,c为正数,且abc=\sqrt{2}m,求(a+b)^2+c^2的最小值.$" ['$由(1)知abc= \\sqrt{2} m= \\sqrt{2},$\n$\\because (a+b)^2+ c^2 \\geq 4ab+c^2=2ab+2ab+c^2$\n$\\geq 3 \\sqrt[3]{(2ab)\\cdot (2ab)\\cdot c^2}$\n$=3 \\sqrt[3]{4(abc)^2} =3 \\sqrt[3]{4\\times 2} =6,$\n$当且仅当a=b且2ab=c^2,即a=b=1,c= \\sqrt{2} 时等号成立,$\n$\\therefore (a+b)^2+c^2的最小值为6.$'] ['6'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +645 "$若关于x的不等式|x-1|+|2x-3|\\frac{2}{3},故 \\frac{2}{3}0,故 1 \\leq x \\leq \\frac{3}{2};$\n\n$当 x>\\frac{3}{2} 时, x-1+2x-3<2,解得 x < 2,故 \\frac{3}{2}0,即函数P(x)=15-ln x-\\frac{\\mathrm{e}^3}{x}单调递增;当x>e^3时,P'(x)<0,即函数P(x)=15-ln x-\\frac{\\mathrm{e}^3}{x}单调递减.$\n\n$所以当x=e^3时,P(x)=15-ln x-\\frac{\\mathrm{e}^3}{x}取得最大值P(e^3)=15-ln e^3-\\frac{\\mathrm{e}^3}{\\mathrm{e}^3}=11>10.$\n\n$综上,当年产量为e^3\\approx 20万件时,该同学的这一产品所获年利润最大,最大年利润是11万元.$\n\n""]" ['11'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True 万元 Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +647 "$已知角\alpha 的顶点与原点O重合,始边与x轴的非负半轴重合,它的终边过点P (-\frac{3}{5},-\frac{4}{5}) .$ +$求\sin (\alpha +\pi )的值;$" [':\n\n$由角 \\alpha 的终边过点 P (-\\frac{3}{5},-\\frac{4}{5}) 得 sin \\alpha = -\\frac{4}{5} ,所以 sin(\\alpha +\\pi )=-sin \\alpha = \\frac{4}{5} .$'] ['$\\frac{4}{5}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +648 "$已知函数f(x)=\frac{a}{x}-x+aln x存在两个极值点x_1,x_2.$ +$求f(x_1)+f(x_2)-3a的最小值.$" "[""$因为x_1,x_2为f(x)的极值点,则f'(x_1)=0,f'(x_2)=0,即x_1+x_2=a,x_1x_2=a,$\n$又f(x_1)+f(x_2)-3a=\\frac{a}{x_1}-x_1+a ln x_1+\\frac{a}{x_2}-x_2+a ln x_2-3a=\\frac{a(x_1+x_2)}{x_1x_2}-(x_1+x_2)+a ln(x_1x_2)-3a=a(ln a-3),$\n$令h(a)=a(ln a-3),a\\in (4,+\\infty ),则h'(a)=ln a-2,$\n$当a\\in (4,e^2)时,h'(a)<0,h(a)单调递减,$\n$当a\\in (e^2,+\\infty )时,h'(a)>0,h(a)单调递增, $\n$所以h(a)_{min}=h(e^2)=-e^2,$\n$故f(x_1)+f(x_2)-3a的最小值为-e^2。$""]" ['$-e^2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +649 "$设椭圆 \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} =1 (a>b>0)的左焦点为 F ,左顶点为 A ,上顶点为 B. 已知 \sqrt{3}| OA |=2| OB | ( O 为原点) 。$ +求椭圆的离心率;" ['$设椭圆的半焦距为c,$\n$因为\\sqrt{3}|OA|=2|OB|,所以\\sqrt{3}a=2b.$\n$又由a^2=b^2+c^2,消去b得a^2=\\left(\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}a\\right)^2+c^2,解得\\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{1}{2}.$\n$所以,椭圆的离心率为\\frac{1}{2}.$'] ['$\\frac{1}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +650 "$已知椭圆 C : x^2/25 + y^2/m^2 = 1 (0 < m < 5) 的离心率为 \sqrt{15}/4 ,A ,B 分别为 C 的左、右顶点.$ +$若点P在C上,点Q在直线x=6上,且|BP|=|BQ|,BP\perp BQ,求\triangle APQ的面积.$" ['$设P(x_P,y_P),Q(6,y_Q),根据对称性可设y_Q>0,由题意知y_P>0.$\n\n$由已知可得B(5,0),直线BP的方程为y=-\\frac{1}{y_Q}(x-5),$\n\n$所以|BP|=y_P\\sqrt{1+y^2_Q}, |BQ|=\\sqrt{1+y^2_Q}.$\n\n$因为|BP|=|BQ|,$\n\n$所以y_P=1,将y_P=1代入C的方程,解得x_P=3或-3.$\n\n$由直线BP的方程得y_Q=2或8.$\n\n$所以点P,Q的坐标分别为P_1(3,1),Q_1(6,2);P_2(-3,1),Q_2(6,8).$\n\n$|P_1Q_1|=\\sqrt{10},直线P_1Q_1的方程为y=\\frac{1}{3}x,点A(-5,0)到直线P_1Q_1的距离为\\frac{\\sqrt{10}}{2},故\\bigtriangleup AP_1Q_1的面积为\\frac{1}{2} \\times \\frac{\\sqrt{10}}{2} \\times \\sqrt{10} = \\frac{5}{2}.$\n\n$|P_2Q_2|=\\sqrt{130},直线P_2Q_2的方程为y=\\frac{7}{9}x+ \\frac{10}{3},点A到直线P_2Q_2的距离为\\frac{\\sqrt{130}}{26},故\\bigtriangleup AP_2Q_2的面积为\\frac{1}{2} \\times \\frac{\\sqrt{130}}{26} \\times \\sqrt{130} = \\frac{5}{2}.$\n\n$综上,\\bigtriangleup APQ的面积为\\frac{5}{2}.$'] ['$\\frac{5}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +651 "$已知椭圆 C:\frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 过点 A (-2,-1),且 a = 2b.$ +$过点B(-4,0)的直线l交椭圆C于点M,N,直线MA,NA分别交直线x=-4于点P,Q.求\frac{|PB|}{|BQ|}的值.$" ['$由题意知,直线l的斜率存在,设l的斜率为k,则直线l的方程为y = k(x+4). $\n$设M(x_1,y_1),N(x_2,y_2), $\n$��立 \\begin{bmatrix} y=k(x+4),\\\\ \\frac{x^2}{8}+\\frac{y^2}{2}=1, \\end{bmatrix} $\n$化简得 (4k^2+1)x^2 + 32k^2x + (64k^2 - 8) = 0 $\n$则 x_1 + x_2 = -\\frac{32k^2}{4k^2+1}, x_1x_2 = \\frac{64k^2 - 8}{4k^2+1} $\n$\\Delta = (32k^2)^2 - 4 \\times (4k^2 + 1) \\times(64k^2 - 8) = 32(1 - 4k^2) >0 $\n$解得 - \\frac{1}{2} < k < \\frac{1}{2} $\n$\\therefore 直线MA的方程为y = \\frac{y_1 + 1}{x_1 + 2} (x + 2) - 1 $\n$令 x = -4,得到y_P = \\frac{-2(y_1 + 1)}{x_1 + 2} - 1,即 $\n$P \\left(-4, -\\frac{(2k+1)(x_1 + 4)}{x_1+2}\\right) $\n$同理,直线NA的方程为 y = \\frac{y_2+1}{x_2+2}(x+2)-1 $\n$令 x = -4,得到y_Q = \\frac{-2(y_2+1)}{x_2+2} - 1,即 $\n$Q \\left(-4, -\\frac{(2k+1)(x_2+4)}{x_2+2}\\right) $\n$y_P + y_Q = -(2k+1)\\left(\\frac{x_1+4}{x_1+2}+\\frac{x_2+4}{x_2+2}\\right) $\n$= \\frac{-2(2k+1)}{(x_1+2)(x_2+2)}[x_1x_2+3(x_1+x_2)+8] $\n$因为 x_1x_2+3(x_1+x_2)+8=\\frac{64k^2-8}{4k^2+1} - \\frac{3 \\times 32k^2}{4k^2+1} + \\frac{8(4k^2+1)}{4k^2+1} = 0 $\n$故 y_P+ y_Q= 0,即 y_P = -y_Q,所以 \\frac{|PB|}{|BQ|} = \\frac{|y_P|}{|y_Q|}= 1.$'] ['$1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +652 "$已知抛物线C:x^2=2py(p>0)上的点(2, y_0)到其焦点F的距离为2.$ +$已知点D在直线l:y=-3上,过点D作抛物线C的两条切线,切点分别为A,B,直线AB与直线l交于点M$,$过抛物线C的焦点F作直线AB的垂线交直线l于点N,当|MN|最小时,求$ + +$$ +\frac{|AB|}{|MN|} +$$ + +的值." "[""$由题意可设D(t,-3),且t\\neq 0,A(x_1,y_1),$\n$因为y=\\frac{1}{4}x^2,所以y'=\\frac{1}{2}x,可得k_{AD}=\\frac{1}{2}x_1,$\n$所以\\frac{y_1+3}{x_1-t}=\\frac{1}{2}x_1,整理得tx_1-2y_1+6=0,$\n$设点B(x_2,y_2),同理可得tx_2-2y_2+6=0,$\n$则直线AB方程为tx-2y+6=0,$\n$令y=-3,可得x=-\\frac{12}{t},即点M\\left(-\\frac{12}{t},-3\\right),$\n$因为直线NF与直线AB垂直,所以直线NF方程为y=-\\frac{2}{t}x+1,令y=-3,可得x=2t,即点N(2t,-3),$\n$所以|MN|=\\left|-\\frac{12}{t}-2t\\right|=2|t|+\\frac{12}{|t|}\\geq 4\\sqrt{6},当且仅当2|t|=\\frac{12}{|t|},即t^2=6时上式等号成立,$\n$即|MN|的最小值为4\\sqrt{6},$\n$联立\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}tx-2y+6=0,\\\\ x^2=4y,\\end{matrix}\\right.整理得x^2-2tx-12=0,$\n$所以x_1+x_2=2t,x_1\\cdot x_2=-12,\\Delta =4t^2+48>0,$\n$则|AB|=\\sqrt{\\left(1+\\frac{t^2}{4}\\right)[(x_1+x_2)^2-4x_1x_2]}$\n$=\\sqrt{\\left(1+\\frac{t^2}{4}\\right)(4t^2+48)}=6\\sqrt{5},$\n$所以\\frac{|AB|}{|MN|}=\\frac{6\\sqrt{5}}{4\\sqrt{6}}=\\frac{\\sqrt{30}}{4}。$""]" ['$\\frac{\\sqrt{30}}{4}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +653 "针对我国老龄化问题,人社部将推出延迟退休方案.某机构进行了网上调查,所有参与调查的人中,持“支持”“保留”和“不支持”态度的人数如下表所示. + +| | 支持 | 保留 | 不支持 | +|-------|-------|-------|--------| +|50岁以下 | 8 000 | 4 000 | 2 000 | +|50岁以上(含50岁)| 1 000 | 2 000 | 3 000 | +$在所有参与调查的人中,用分层抽样的方法抽取n个人,已知从持“不支持”态度的人中抽取了30人,求n的值;$" ['$参与调查的总人数为8 000+4 000+2 000+1 000+2 000+3 000=20 000,其中从持“不支持”态度的5 000人中抽取了30人,故n=20 000\\times \\frac{30}{5 000}=120.$'] ['$\\{n=120\\}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +654 "某班准备购买班服,确定从A, B两种款式中选出一种统一购买,现在全班50位同学赞成购买A, B款式的人数分别为20,30位,为了尽量统一意见,准备在全班进行三轮宣传,每轮宣传从全班同学中随机选出一位,介绍他赞成款式的理由,假设每轮宣传后,赞成该同学所选款式的不会改变意见,不赞成该同学所选款式的会有5位改变意见,赞成该同学所选款式. +设经过三轮宣传后赞成A款式的人数为X,求随机变量X的期望." ['由题意得X的所有可能取值为5,15,25,35.\n$则P(X=5)=P(B_1B_2B_3)=\\frac{30}{50}\\times \\frac{35}{50}\\times \\frac{40}{50}=\\frac{42}{125},$\n$P(X=15)=P(A_1B_2B_3)+P(B_1A_2B_3)+P(B_1B_2A_3)$\n$=\\frac{20}{50}\\times \\frac{25}{50}\\times \\frac{30}{50}+\\frac{30}{50}\\times \\frac{15}{50}\\times \\frac{30}{50}+\\frac{30}{50}\\times \\frac{35}{50}\\times \\frac{10}{50}=\\frac{39}{125},$\n$P(X=25)=P(B_1A_2A_3)+P(A_1B_2A_3)+P(A_1A_2B_3)$\n$=\\frac{30}{50}\\times \\frac{15}{50}\\times \\frac{20}{50}+\\frac{20}{50}\\times \\frac{25}{50}\\times \\frac{20}{50}+\\frac{20}{50}\\times \\frac{25}{50}\\times \\frac{20}{50}=\\frac{29}{125},$\n$P(X=35)=P(A_1A_2A_3)=\\frac{20}{50}\\times \\frac{25}{50}\\times \\frac{30}{50}=\\frac{3}{25}.$\n所以分布列为\n\n| X | 5 | 15 | 25 | 35 |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n|$ P $|$\\frac{42}{125}$|$\\frac{39}{125}$|$\\frac{29}{125}$|$\\frac{3}{25}$|\n\n$所以E(X)=5\\times \\frac{42}{125}+15\\times \\frac{39}{125}+25\\times \\frac{29}{125}+35\\times \\frac{3}{25}=\\frac{409}{25}.$'] ['$\\frac{409}{25}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +655 "一医疗团队为研究某地的一种地方性疾病与当地居民的卫生习惯(卫生习惯分为良好和不够良好两类)的关系,在已患该疾病的病例中随机调查了100例(称为病例组),同时在未患该疾病的人群中随机调查了100人(称为对照组),得到如下数据: + +| | 不够良好 | 良好 | +|-----------|----------|------| +| 病例组 | 40 | 60 | +| 对照组 | 10 | 90 | + +$附:K^{2}=\frac{n(ad-bc)^2}{(a+b)(c+d)(a+c)(b+d)}$ + +| $P(K^{2}\geq k)$ | 0.050 | 0.010 | 0.001 | +|-------------|-------|-------|-------| +| $k$ | 3.841 | 6.635 |10.828 | +$从该地的人群中任选一人,A表示事件“选到的人卫生习惯不够良好”,B表示事件“选到的人患有该疾病”,\frac{P(B|A)}{P(\overline{B}|A)}与\frac{P(B|\overline{A})}{P(\overline{B}|\overline{A})}的比值是卫生习惯不够良好对患该疾病风险程度的一项度量指标,记该指标为R. $ +$(i)证明:R= \frac{P(A|B)}{P(\overline{A}|B)}\cdot \frac{P(\overline{A}|\overline{B})}{P(A|\overline{B})}; $ +$(ii)利用该调查数据,给出P(A|B),P(A|\overline{B})的估计值,并利用(i)的结果给出R的估计值。$" ['$(i)证明:因为 R = \\frac{P(B|A)}{P(\\overline{B}|A)} \\cdot \\frac{P(\\overline{B}|\\overline{A})}{P(B|\\overline{A})} = \\frac{P(AB)}{P(A)} \\cdot \\frac{P(A)}{P(\\overline{B}A)} \\cdot \\frac{P(\\overline{B}\\quad \\overline{A})}{P(\\overline{A})} \\cdot \\frac{P(\\overline{A})}{P(B\\overline{A})} = \\frac{P(AB)\\cdot P(\\overline{B}\\overline{A})}{P(\\overline{B}A)\\cdot P(B\\overline{A})},$\n\n$注意 P(B|A)=\\frac{P(AB)}{P(A)}$\n\n$且 \\frac{P(A|B)}{P(\\overline{A}|B)} \\cdot \\frac{P(\\overline{A}|\\overline{B})}{P(A|\\overline{B})} = \\frac{P(AB)}{P(B)} \\cdot \\frac{P(B)}{P(\\overline{A}B)} \\cdot \\frac{P(\\overline{A}\\quad \\overline{B})}{P(\\overline{B})} \\cdot \\frac{P(\\overline{B})}{P(A\\overline{B})} = \\frac{P(AB)\\cdot P(\\overline{A}\\quad \\overline{B})}{P(\\overline{A}B)\\cdot P({A}\\overline{B})}.$\n\n$所以 R = \\frac{P(A|B)}{P(\\overline{A}|B)} \\cdot \\frac{P(\\overline{A}|\\overline{B})}{P(A|\\overline{B})}.$\n\n$(ii)由题表中数据可知 P(A|B) = \\frac{40}{100} = \\frac{2}{5}, P(A|\\overline{B}) = \\frac{10}{100} = \\frac{1}{10}, P(\\overline{A}|B) = \\frac{60}{100} = \\frac{3}{5}, P(\\overline{A}|\\overline{B}) = \\frac{90}{100} = \\frac{9}{10},$\n\n$所以 R = \\frac{P(A|B)}{P(\\overline{A}|B)} \\cdot \\frac{P(\\overline{A}|\\overline{B})}{P(A|\\overline{B})} = \\frac{\\frac{2}{5}}{\\frac{3}{5}} \\times \\frac{\\frac{9}{10}}{\\frac{1}{10}} = 6.$'] ['R = 6'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +656 "$基础学科招生改革试点,也称强基计划,是教育部开展的招生改革工作,目的是选拔培养有志于服务国家重大战略需求且综合素质优秀或基础学科拔尖的学生.强基计划的校考由试点高校自主命题,校考过程中笔试通过后才能进入面试环节.2022年有3500名学生报考某试点高校,若报考该试点高校的学生的笔试成绩\xi ~N(\mu ,100),且P(\xi \leq 50)=P(\xi \geq 70),笔试成绩高于70分的学生进入面试环节.$ + +$附:若X~N(\mu ,\sigma ^2),则P(|X-\mu |\leq \sigma )\approx 0.682 7,P(|X-\mu |\leq 2\sigma )\approx 0.954 5,0.841 35^{10}\approx 0.177 7,0.977 25^{10}\approx 0.794 4.$ +从报考该试点高校的学生中随机抽取10人,求这10人中至少有1人进入面试的概率;" ['$因为 P(\\xi\\leq 50)=P(\\xi\\geq 70),$\n\n$所以 \\mu=\\frac{50+70}{2} =60.$\n\n$设“至少有一名学生进入面试”为事件 A,$\n\n$因为 \\mu=60,\\sigma=10,$\n\n$所以 P(\\xi\\leq 70)=\\frac{1+P(|\\xi -\\mu |\\leq \\sigma )}{2}\\approx \\frac{1+0.682 7}{2} =0.841 35,$\n\n$所以 P(A)=1-0.841 35^{10}\\approx 1-0.177 7=0.822 3,$\n\n故10人中至少有1人进入面试的概率为0.822 3.'] ['$0.8223$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +657 "$2023年1月26日,世界乒乓球职业大联盟(WTT)支线赛多哈站结束,中国队包揽了五个单项冠军.乒乓球单打规则是首先由发球员发球2次,再由接发球员发球2次,两者交替,胜者得1分.在一局比赛中,先得11分的一方为胜方(胜方至少比对方多2分),10 平后,先多得2分的一方为胜方,甲、乙两位同学进行乒乓球单打比赛,甲在一次发球中,得1分的概率为\frac{3}{5},乙在一次发球中,得1分的概率为\frac{1}{2},如果在一局比赛中,由乙队员先发球.$ +甲、乙的比分暂时为8:8,求最终甲以11:9赢得比赛的概率;" ['$甲以11:9赢得比赛,共计20次发球,在后4次发球中,需甲在最后一��获胜,概率为P=C-{^1_2}\\times \\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^2 \\times \\left(\\frac{3}{5}\\right)^2 + \\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^2 \\times \\frac{2}{5} \\times \\frac{3}{5} = \\frac{6}{25} .$'] ['$\\frac{6}{25}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +658 "$2023年1月26日,世界乒乓球职业大联盟(WTT)支线赛多哈站结束,中国队包揽了五个单项冠军.乒乓球单打规则是首先由发球员发球2次,再由接发球员发球2次,两者交替,胜者得1分.在一局比赛中,先得11分的一方为胜方(胜方至少比对方多2分),10 平后,先多得2分的一方为胜方,甲、乙两位同学进行乒乓球单打比赛,甲在一次发球中,得1分的概率为\frac{3}{5},乙在一次发球中,得1分的概率为\frac{1}{2},如果在一局比赛中,由乙队员先发球.$ +求发球3次后,甲的累计得分的分布列及数学期望." ['$设甲累计得分为随机变量X,X的可能取值为0,1,2,3.$\n\n$P(X=0)= \\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^2 \\times \\frac{2}{5}= \\frac{1}{10},$\n\n$P(X=1)=C^1_2 \\times \\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^2 \\times \\frac{2}{5}+ \\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^2 \\times \\frac{3}{5}= \\frac{7}{20},$\n\n$P(X=2)=C^1_2 \\times \\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^2 \\times \\frac{3}{5}+ \\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^2 \\times \\frac{2}{5}= \\frac{2}{5},$\n\n$P(X=3)= \\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^2 \\times \\frac{3}{5}= \\frac{3}{20},$\n\n$随机变量X的分布列为$\n\n| $X$ | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |\n|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----|\n| $P$ | $\\frac{1}{10}$ | $\\frac{7}{20}$ | $\\frac{2}{5}$ | $\\frac{3}{20}$ |\n\n$\\therefore E(X)=0 \\times \\frac{1}{10}+1 \\times \\frac{7}{20}+2 \\times \\frac{2}{5}+3 \\times \\frac{3}{20}= \\frac{8}{5}.$\n\n'] ['$E(X)= \\frac{8}{5}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +659 "$在\triangle ABC中,角A,B,C所对的边分别为a,b,c.已知a=2\sqrt{2},b=5,c=\sqrt{13}.$ +求角C的大小;" ['$在\\triangle ABC中,由余弦定理的推论及a=2\\sqrt{2},b=5,c=\\sqrt{13},有\\cos C=\\frac{a^2+b^2-c^2}{2ab}=\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}.又因为C\\in (0,\\pi ),所以C=\\frac{\\pi }{4}.$'] ['\\frac{\\pi }{4}'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +660 "$在\triangle ABC中,角A,B,C所对的边分别为a,b,c.已知a=2\sqrt{2},b=5,c=\sqrt{13}.$ +$求\sin A的值;$" ['$在\\triangle ABC中,由正弦定理及C=\\frac{\\pi }{4},a=2\\sqrt{2},c=\\sqrt{13},可得\\sin A=\\frac{a\\sin C}{c}=\\frac{2\\sqrt{13}}{13}.$'] ['\\frac{2\\sqrt{13}}{13}'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +661 "$在\triangle ABC中,角A,B,C所对的边分别为a,b,c.已知a=2\sqrt{2},b=5,c=\sqrt{13}.$ +$求\sin (\left(2A+\frac{\pi }{4}\right)) 的值.$" ['$由a<c及\\sin A=\\frac{2\\sqrt{13}}{13},可得\\cos A=\\sqrt{1-\\sin ^2A}=\\frac{3\\sqrt{13}}{13},进而\\sin 2A=2\\sin A\\cos A=\\frac{12}{13},\\cos 2A=2\\cos ^2 A-1=\\frac{5}{13}.所以,\\sin \\left(2A+\\frac{\\pi }{4}\\right)=\\sin 2A\\cos \\frac{\\pi }{4}+\\cos 2A\\sin \\frac{\\pi }{4}=\\frac{12}{13}\\times \\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}+\\frac{5}{13}\\times \\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}=\\frac{17\\sqrt{2}}{26}.$'] ['\\frac{17\\sqrt{2}}{26}'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +662 "$\triangle ABC的内角A,B,C的对边分别为a,b,c.设(sin B-sin C)^2=sin^2A-sin Bsin C.$ +求A;" ['$由已知得 \\sin ^2B + \\sin ^2C - \\sin ^2A = \\sin B\\sin C,故由正弦定理得 b^2 + c^2 - a^2 = bc .由余弦定理的推论得 \\cos A = \\frac{b^2+c^2-a^2}{2bc} = \\frac{1}{2}. 因为0^\\circ < A <180^\\circ ,所以 A=60^\\circ .$\n\n'] ['$A=60$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False ^\circ Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +663 "$\triangle ABC的内角A,B,C的对边分别为a,b,c.设(sin B-sin C)^2=sin^2A-sin Bsin C.$ +$若 \sqrt{2}a+b=2c,求sin C.$" ['$由(1)知 B=120^\\circ -C,由题设及正弦定理得 \\sqrt{2} sin A+sin(120^\\circ -C)=2sin C,即 \\frac{\\sqrt{6}}{2} +\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2} cos C+\\frac{1}{2} sin C=2sin C,可得 cos(C+60^\\circ )=-\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}.由于0^\\circ 140,求满足条件的最小正整数n.$" ['由(1)得 \n$\\left(\\frac{1}{a_1}-1\\right)\n+\n\\left(\\frac{1}{a_2}-1\\right)\n+\n\\left(\\frac{1}{a_3}-1\\right)\n+\\ldots \n+\n\\left(\\frac{1}{a_n}-1\\right)$\n$=\n\\frac{\\frac{1}{4}\\left[1-{\\left(\\frac{3}{4}\\right)}^n\\right]}{1-\\frac{3}{4}}$\n$=1-\n\\left(\\frac{3}{4}\\right)^{n} ,\n即\n\\frac{1}{a_1}\n+\n\\frac{1}{a_2}\n+\n\\frac{1}{a_3}\n+\\ldots \n+\n\\frac{1}{a_n}-n=1-\\left(\\frac{3}{4}\\right)^{n} ,$\n所以\n$\\frac{1}{a_1}+\\frac{1}{a_2}+\\frac{1}{a_3}+\\ldots+\\frac{1}{a_n}= n+1-\\left(\\frac{3}{4}\\right)^{n} $\n因为\n$\\frac{1}{a_1}+\\frac{1}{a_2}+\\frac{1}{a_3}+\\ldots+\\frac{1}{a_n}>140,$\n\n$所以 n\n+1-\\left(\\frac{3}{4}\\right)^{n} > 140.\n$\n\n$又f(n)=n+1-\n\\left(\\frac{3}{4}\\right)^{n} $\n$随着n的增大而增大, f(139)<140, f(140)>140,故满足条件的最小正整数n为140.$'] ['$140$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +666 "$某学生兴趣小组随机调查了某市100天中每天的空气质量等级和当天到某公园锻炼的人次,整理数据得到下表(单位:天):$ + +| 锻炼人次\空气质量等级 | [0,200] | (200,400] | (400,600] | +|-----|---------|----------|----------| +| 1(优) | 2 | 16 | 25 | +| 2(良) | 5 | 10 | 12 | +| 3(轻度污染) | 6 | 7 | 8 | +| 4(中度污染) | 7 | 2 | 0 | + +$附:K^2=\frac{n(ad-bc)^2}{(a+b)(c+d)(a+c)(b+d)}$ + +\[ +\begin{array}{c|ccc} +P\left(K^{2} \geqslant k\right) & 0.050 & 0.010 & 0.001 \\ +\hline k & 3.841 & 6.635 & 10.828 +\end{array} +\] +分别估计该市一天的空气质量等级为1,2,3,4的概率;" ['由所给数据,得该市一天的空气质量等级为1,2,3,4的概率的估计值如下表:\n\n| 空气质量等级 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |\n|-----------------|-------|-------|-------|-------|\n| 概率的估计值 | 0.43 | 0.27 | 0.21 | 0.09 |'] ['1:0.43, 2:0.27, 3:0.21, 4:0.09'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +667 "$某学生兴趣小组随机调查了某市100天中每天的空气质量等级和当天到某公园锻炼的人次,整理数据得到下表(单位:天):$ + +| 锻炼人次\空气质量等级 | [0,200] | (200,400] | (400,600] | +|-----|---------|----------|----------| +| 1(优) | 2 | 16 | 25 | +| 2(良) | 5 | 10 | 12 | +| 3(轻度污染) | 6 | 7 | 8 | +| 4(中度污染) | 7 | 2 | 0 | + +$附:K^2=\frac{n(ad-bc)^2}{(a+b)(c+d)(a+c)(b+d)}$ + +\[ +\begin{array}{c|ccc} +P\left(K^{2} \geqslant k\right) & 0.050 & 0.010 & 0.001 \\ +\hline k & 3.841 & 6.635 & 10.828 +\end{array} +\] +$求一天中到该公园锻炼的平均人次的估计值(同一组中的数据用该组区间的中点值为代表);$" ['$一天中到该公园锻炼的平均人次的估计值为 \\frac{1}{100}\\times(100\\times20+300\\times35+500\\times45)=350 (注意:同一组数据用该组区间的中点值代表)。$'] ['$350$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +668 "2018年9月10日,全国教育大会在北京召开,习近平总书记在会上提出“培养德智体美劳全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人”.某学校贯彻大会精神,为学生开设了一门模具加工课,经过一段时间的学习,拟举行一次模具加工大赛,学生小明、小红打算报名参加大赛. + +$参考数据 \left(\text{其中}t_i=\frac{1}{x_i}\right):$ + +| $\sum \limits^{7}_{{i=1}}t_iy_i$ | $\overline{t}$ | $\sum \limits^{7}_{{i=1}}t_i^2-7\overline{t}^2$ | +| ------ | ------ | ------ | +| 1845 | 0.37 | 0.55 | + +$参考公式:对于一组数据(u1,v1),(u2,v2),\ldots ,(un,vn),其线性回归直线v=\alpha +\beta u的斜率和截距的最小二乘估计公式分别为 \hat{\beta } = \frac{\sum \limits^{n}_{{i=1}}u_iv_i-n\overline{u} \cdot \overline{v}}{\sum \limits^{n}_{{i=1}}u^2_i-n\overline{u}^2} , \hat{\alpha } = \overline{v} - \hat{\beta } \cdot \overline{u}.$ +$小明和小红拟先举行一次模拟赛,每局比赛各加工一个模具,先加工完成模具的人获胜.��人约定先胜4局者赢得比赛.若小明每局获胜的概率为\frac{3}{5},已知在前3局中小明胜2局,小红胜1局.若每局不存在平局,请你估计小明最终赢得比赛的概率.$" ['设比赛再继续进行X局小明最终赢得比赛,则最后一局一定是小明获胜,\n\n由题意知,最多再进行4局就有胜负,X的所有可能取值为2,3,4.\n\n当X=2时,小明以4:1赢得比赛,\n\n$\\therefore P(X=2)=\\frac{3}{5}\\times \\frac{3}{5}=\\frac{9}{25};$\n\n当X=3时,小明以4:2赢得比赛,\n\n$\\therefore P(X=3)=C^1_2\\times \\frac{3}{5}\\times \\left(1-\\frac{3}{5}\\right)\\times \\frac{3}{5}=\\frac{36}{125};$\n\n当X=4时,小明以4:3赢得比赛,\n\n$\\therefore P(X=4)=C^1_3\\times \\frac{3}{5}\\times \\left(1-\\frac{3}{5}\\right)^2\\times \\frac{3}{5}=\\frac{108}{625}.$\n\n$\\therefore 小明最终赢得比赛的概率为\\frac{9}{25}+\\frac{36}{125}+\\frac{108}{625}=\\frac{513}{625}.$'] ['$\\frac{513}{625}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +669 "规定抽球试验规则如下:盒子中初始装有白球和红球各一个,每次有放回地任取一个,连续取两次,将以上过程记为一轮.如果每一轮取到的两个球都是白球,则记该轮为成功,否则记为失败.在抽取过程中,如果某一轮成功,则停止;否则,在盒子中再放入一个红球,然后接着进行下一轮抽球,如此不断继续下去,直至成功. + +$附:线性回归方程\hat{y}=\hat{b}x+\hat{a}中,\hat{b}=\frac{\sum \limits^{n}_{{i=1}}x_iy_i-n\overline{x} \cdot \overline{y}}{\sum \limits^{n}_{{i=1}}x^2_i-n{\overline{x}}^2},\hat{a}=\overline{y}-\hat{b}\overline{x};$ + +$参考数据:\sum \limits^{5}_{{i=1}}x^2_i=1.46,\overline{x}=0.46,\overline{x}^2=0.212 \left(\begin{matrix}\text{其中}x_i=\frac{1}{t_i},\overline{x}=\frac{1}{5}\sum \limits^{5}_{{i=1}}x_i\end{matrix}\right).$ +$为验证抽球试验成功的概率不超过\frac{1}{2},有1 000名数学爱好者独立进行该抽球试验,记i表示成功时抽球试验的轮次数,y表示对应的人数,部分统计数据如下:$ + +| t | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | +|-----|-----|----|----|----|----| +| y | 232 | 98 | 60 | 40 | 20 | + +$求y关于t的回归方程\hat{y} = \frac{\hat{b}}{t} + \hat{a},并预测成功的总人数(精确到1);$" ['$令x_i = \\frac{1}{t_i},则\\hat{y} = \\hat{b}x + \\hat{a},$\n\n$由题知\\sum \\limits^{5}_{{i=1}}x_iy_i=315,\\sum \\limits^{5}_{{i=1}}y_i=450,\\overline{y}=90,$\n\n$所以\\hat{b}=\\frac{\\sum \\limits^{5}_{{i=1}}x_iy_i-5\\overline{x} \\cdot \\overline{y}}{\\sum \\limits^{5}_{{i=1}}x^2_i-5\\overline{x}^2}=\\frac{315-5 \\times 0.46 \\times 90}{1.46-5 \\times 0.212}=\\frac{108}{0.4}=270,$\n\n$所以\\hat{a}=90-270\\times 0.46=-34.2,所以\\hat{y}=270x - 34.2,$\n\n$故所求的回归方程为\\hat{y}=\\frac{270}{t} - 34.2,$\n\n$当t=6时,y \\approx 11;当t=7时,y \\approx 4;当t \\geq 8时,y < 0.$\n\n$所以预测成功的总人数为 450 + 11 + 4 = 465.$'] ['$465$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +670 "$某商场为促销商品举行抽奖活动,设置了A,B两种抽奖方案.方案A的中奖率为\frac{2}{3},中奖可得2分;方案B的中奖率为\frac{2}{5},中奖可得3分;未中奖则不得分.每人有且只有一次抽奖机会,每次抽奖中奖与否互不影响,活动后顾客凭分数兑换相应奖品.$ +若顾客甲选择方案A抽奖,顾客乙选择方案B抽奖,记他们的累计得分为X,求X的数学期望;" ['$由题意得,X的可能值有0,2,3,5, $\n$P(X=0)=(1-\\frac{2}{3})(1-\\frac{2}{5})=\\frac{1}{5},P(X=2)=\\frac{2}{3}(1-\\frac{2}{5})=\\frac{2}{5}, $\n$P(X=3)=(1-\\frac{2}{3})\\frac{2}{5}=\\frac{2}{15},$\n$P(X=5)=\\frac{2}{3}\\frac{2}{5}=\\frac{4}{15}, $\n$故X的分布列为 $\n\n| $X$ | 0 | 2 | 3 | 5 |\n| :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: |:---: |\n| $P$ |$\\frac{1}{5}$ |$\\frac{2}{5}$ | $\\frac{2}{15}$ |$\\frac{4}{15}$|\n\n$\\therefore E(X)=0\\frac{1}{5}+2\\frac{2}{5}+3\\frac{2}{15}+5\\frac{4}{15}=\\frac{38}{15}.$\n\n'] ['$\\frac{38}{15}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +671 "$已知数列a_n的首项为1,对任意的n \in N^,定义b_n = a_{n+1} - a_n.$ +$若b_n = n + 1,求a_4;$" ['$因为a_1=1,b_n=a_{n+1}-a_n=n+1,$\n\n$所以a_2=a_1+b_1=1+2=3,a_3=a_2+b_2=3+3=6,$\n\n$a_4=a_3+b_3=6+4=10.$'] ['10'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +672 "$已知函数f(x)=\cos x + \frac{1}{2}x^2 -1$ +$求函数f(x)的极小值;$" "[""$f'(x)=-\\sin x + x,且f'(0)=0. 令g(x)=f' (x),则g'(x)=-\\cos x+1.$\n$易知g'(x)\\geq 0,则g(x)在(-\\infty ,+\\infty )上单调递增.$\n$当x>0时,g(x)=f' (x)>g(0)=0;当x<0时,g(x)=f' (x)0且a\\neq 1)为等差数列.$\n\n$由上可得b_n=(2n-1)log_22=2n-1,因此数列{b_n}的前n项和为1+3+\\ldots +2n-1=n^2.$\n名师点拨\n$若{a_n}是等差数列,则{c^{a_n}}(c>0且c\\neq 1)为等比数列.$'] ['n^2'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +690 "$A,B两组各有7位病人,他们服用某种药物后的康复时间(单位:天)记录如下:$ + +A组:10,11,12,13,14,15,16 + +B组:12,13,15,16,17,14,a + +假设所有病人的康复时间互相独立,从A,B两组随机各选1人,A组选出的人记为甲,B组选出的人记为乙. +求甲的康复时间不少于14天的概率;" ['$甲有7种选法,康复时间不少于14天的有3种选法,所以概率P=\\frac{3}{7}.$'] ['$\\frac{3}{7}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +691 "$A,B两组各有7位病人,他们服用某种药物后的康复时间(单位:天)记录如下:$ + +A组:10,11,12,13,14,15,16 + +B组:12,13,15,16,17,14,a + +假设所有病人的康复时间互相独立,从A,B两组随机各选1人,A组选出的人记为甲,B组选出的人记为乙. +$如果a=25,求甲的康复时间比乙的康复时间长的概率;$" ['$如果a=25,从A,B两组随机各选1人,共有49种选法,甲的康复时间比乙的康复时间长的列举如下:(13,12),(14,12),(14,13),(15,12),(15,13),(15,14),(16,12),(16,13),(16,15),(16,14),共10种选法,所以概率P=\\frac{10}{49}$'] ['$\\frac{10}{49}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +692 "$A,B两组各有7位病人,他们服用某种药物后的康复时间(单位:天)记录如下:$ + +A组:10,11,12,13,14,15,16 + +B组:12,13,15,16,17,14,a + +假设所有病人的康复时间互相独立,从A,B两组随机各选1人,A组选出的人记为甲,B组选出的人记为乙. +$当a为何值时,A,B两组病人康复时间的方差相等?(结论不要求证明)$" ['把B组数据调整为a,12,13,14,15,16,17或12,13,14,15,16,17,a,可见当a=11或a=18时,与A组数据方差相等.(可利用方差公式加以证明)'] ['$11,18$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +693 "某校为举办甲、乙两项不同活动,分别设计了相应的活动方案:方案一、方案二.为了解该校学生对活动方案是否支持,对学生进行简单随机抽样,获得数据如下表: + +| | 男生 | | 女生 | | +| ----- | -------- | ------ | -------- | ------ | +| | 支持 | 不支持 | 支持 | 不支持 | +| 方案一 | 200人 | 400人 | 300人 | 100人 | +| 方案二 | 350人 | 250人 | 150人 | 250人 | + +假设所有学生对活动方案是否支持相互独立. +分别估计该校男生支持方案一的概率、该校女生支持方案一的概率;" ['$从表格数据可知,抽查的600名男生中有200人支持方案一,因此该校男生支持方案一的概率可以估计为\\frac{200}{600}=\\frac{1}{3}. $\n\n$抽查的400名女生中有300人支持方案一,因此该校女生支持方案一的概率可以估计为\\frac{300}{400}=\\frac{3}{4}.$\n\n'] ['$\\frac{1}{3},\\frac{3}{4}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +694 "某校为举办甲、乙两项不同活动,分别设计了相应的活动方案:方案一、方案二.为了解该校学生对活动方案是否支持,对学生进行简单随机抽样,获得数据如下表: + +| | 男生 | | 女生 | | +| ----- | -------- | ------ | -------- | ------ | +| | 支持 | 不支持 | 支持 | 不支持 | +| 方案一 | 200人 | 400人 | 300人 | 100人 | +| 方案二 | 350人 | 250人 | 150人 | 250人 | + +假设所有学生对活动方案是否支持相互独立. +从该校全体男生中随机抽取2人,全体女生中随机抽取1人,估计这3人中恰有2人支持方案一的概率;" ['$设事件A_{i}:抽取的男生中有i人支持方案一,i=1,2;\\$\n$事件B:抽取的女生支持方案一;\\$\n$事件C:抽取的3人中恰有2人支持方案一.$$因此C=A_{1}B\\cup A_{2}\\overline{B},$\n$所以P(C)=P(A_{1}B\\cup A_{2}\\overline{B})=P(A_{1})P(B)+P(A_{2})P(\\overline{B})$\n$所以抽取的3人中恰有2人支持方案一的概率可以估计为2\\times \\frac{1}{3}\\times \\left(1-\\frac{1}{3}\\right)\\times \\frac{3}{4}+\\frac{1}{3}\\times \\frac{1}{3}\\times \\left(1-\\frac{3}{4}\\right)=\\frac{13}{36}$'] ['$\\frac{13}{36}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +695 "| |2022年北京冬奥会赛程表 | +|-------------|---| +| 2022年2月 | 北京赛区 | +|开闭幕式 |冰壶 | +|$|5(六) | | | |1 |1 | | | | | |1 | |1 | |1 |1 |6 |$|| +|$|6(日) | | | |1 | | |1 | | |1 |1 | |1 |1 | |1 |7 |$|| + +说明:“”代表当日有不是决赛的比赛;数字代表当日有相应数量的决赛. +若在这两天每天随机观看一个比赛项目,求恰好看到冰壶和冰球的概率;" ['$记“在这两天每天随机观看一个比赛项目,恰好看到冰壶和冰球”为事件A.由题表可知,在这两天每天随机观看一个比赛项目,共有10\\times 10=100种不同的情况,其中恰好看到冰壶和冰球,共有2种不同的情况。所以P(A)= \\frac{2}{100} = \\frac{1}{50}.$'] ['$\\frac{1}{50};$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +696 "| |2022年北京冬奥会赛程表 | +|-------------|---| +| 2022年2月 | 北京赛区 | +|开闭幕式 |冰壶 | +|$|5(六) | | | |1 |1 | | | | | |1 | |1 | |1 |1 |6 |$|| +|$|6(日) | | | |1 | | |1 | | |1 |1 | |1 |1 | |1 |7 |$|| + +说明:“”代表当日有不是决赛的比赛;数字代表当日有相应数量的决赛. +若在这两天每天随机观看一场决赛,求两场决赛恰好在同一赛区的概率;" ['记“在这两天每天随机观看一场决赛,两场决赛恰好在同一赛区”为事件B.$由题表可知,在这两天每天随机观看一场决赛共有6\\times 7=42种不同的情况,其中两场决赛恰好在北京赛区共有2种不同的情况,在张家口赛区共有4\\times 4=16种不同的情况。所以P(B)= \\frac{2+16}{42} = \\frac{3}{7}.$'] ['$\\frac{3}{7}.$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +697 "汽车租赁公司为了调查A,B两种车型的出租情况,现随机抽取了这两种车型各100辆汽车,分别统计了每辆车某个星期内的出租天数,统计数据如下表: + +A型车 + +| 出租天数 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | +| -------- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | +| 车辆数 | 5 | 10 | 30 | 35 | 15 | 3 | 2 | + +B型车 + +| 出租天数 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | +| -------- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | +| 车辆数 | 14 | 20 | 20 | 16 | 15 | 10 | 5 | +$从出租天数为3天的汽车(仅限A,B两种车型)中随机抽取一辆,估计这辆汽车恰好是A型车的概率;$" ['出租天数为3天的汽车中A型车有30辆,B型车有20辆.从中随机抽取一辆,这辆汽车是A型车的概率约为\n$\\frac{30}{30+20}$\n=0.6.'] ['$0.6$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +698 "汽车租赁公司为了调查A,B两种车型的出租情况,现随机抽取了这两种车型各100辆汽车,分别统计了每辆车某个星期内的出租天数,统计数据如下表: + +A型车 + +| 出租天数 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | +| -------- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | +| 车辆数 | 5 | 10 | 30 | 35 | 15 | 3 | 2 | + +B型车 + +| 出租天数 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | +| -------- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | +| 车辆数 | 14 | 20 | 20 | 16 | 15 | 10 | 5 | +$根据这个星期的统计数据(用频率估计概率),求该公司一辆A型车,一辆B型车一周内合计出租天数恰好为4天的概率;$" ['$设事件A_i表示$“一辆A型车在一周内出租天数恰好为i天”,$事件B_j$表示“一辆B型车在一周内出租天数恰好为j天”,$其中i,j=1,2,\\ldots ,7.$\n\n$则该公司一辆A型车,一辆B型车一周内合计出租天数恰好为4天的概率为$\n\n$P(A_1B_3+A_2B_2+A_3B_1)=P(A_1B_3)+P(A_2B_2)+P(A_3B_1)$\n\n$=P(A_1)P(B_3)+P(A_2)P(B_2)+P(A_3)P(B_1)$\n\n$=\\frac{5}{100} \\times \\frac{20}{100} + \\frac{10}{100} \\times \\frac{20}{100} + \\frac{30}{100} \\times \\frac{14}{100} = \\frac{9}{125}.$'] ['$\\frac{9}{125}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +699 "某企业招聘员工,其中A、B、C、D、E五种岗位的应聘人数、录用人数和录用比例(精确到1%)如下: + +|岗位|男性应聘人数|男性录用人数|男性录用比例|女性应聘人数|女性录用人数|女性录用比例| +|--- |--- |--- |--- |--- |--- |--- | +|A|269|167|62%|40|24|60%| +|B|40|12|30%|202|62|31%| +|C|177|57|32%|184|59|32%| +|D|44|26|59%|38|22|58%| +|E|3|2|67%|3|2|67%| +|总计|533|264|50%|467|169|36%| +从表中所有应聘人员中随机选择1人,试估计此人被录用的概率;" ['表中所有应聘人员总数为533+467=1 000,\n被该企业录用的人数为264+169=433,\n所以从表中所有应聘人员中随机选择1人,此人被录用的概率约为\n$\\frac{433}{1 000}$'] ['$\\frac{433}{1 000}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +700 "甲、乙两人进行射击比赛,各射击4局,每局射击10次,射击命中目标得1分,未命中目标得0分.两人4局的得分情况如下: + +| 甲/乙 | 1局 | 2局 | 3局 | 4局 | +| :----: | :--: | :--: | :--: | :--: | +| 甲 | 6 | 6 | 9 | 9 | +|$乙$|7|9|$x$|$y$| +若从甲的4局比赛中随机选取2局,求这2局的得分恰好相等的概率;" ['$记“从甲的4局比赛中,随机选取2局,且这2局的得分恰好相等”为事件 A,$\n$由题意,得 P(A)=\\frac{2}{\\mathrm{C}^2_4}=\\frac{1}{3},$\n$所以从甲的4局比赛中,随机选取2局,且这2局得分恰好相等的概率为 \\frac{1}{3}。$'] ['$\\frac{1}{3}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +701 "甲、乙两人进行射击比赛,各射击4局,每局射击10次,射击命中目标得1分,未命中目标得0分.两人4局的得分情况如下: + +| 甲/乙 | 1局 | 2局 | 3局 | 4局 | +| :----: | :--: | :--: | :--: | :--: | +| 甲 | 6 | 6 | 9 | 9 | +|$乙$|7|9|$x$|$y$| +$如果x=y=7,从甲、乙两人的4局比赛中随机各选取1局,记这2局的得分和为X,求X的分布列和数学期望;$" ['$由题意可知x的所有可能取值为13,15,16,18,$\n$且P(X=13)=\\frac{3}{8}, P(X=15)=\\frac{1}{8}, P(X=16)=\\frac{3}{8}, P(X=18)=\\frac{1}{8},$\n$所以X的分布列为$\n\n| $X$ | 13 | 15 | 16 | 18 |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| $P$ | $\\frac{3}{8}$ | $\\frac{1}{8}$ | $\\frac{3}{8}$ | $\\frac{1}{8}$ |\n\n$所以E(X)=13\\times \\frac{3}{8}+15\\times \\frac{1}{8}+16\\times \\frac{3}{8}+18\\times \\frac{1}{8}=15.$'] ['$E(X)=15$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +702 "甲、乙两人进行射击比赛,各射击4局,每局射击10次,射击命中目标得1分,未命中目标得0分.两人4局的得分情况如下: + +| 甲/乙 | 1局 | 2局 | 3局 | 4局 | +| :----: | :--: | :--: | :--: | :--: | +| 甲 | 6 | 6 | 9 | 9 | +|$乙$|7|9|$x$|$y$| +$在4局比战中,若甲、乙两人的平均得分相同,且乙的发挥更稳定,写出x的所有可能取值.(结论不要求证明)$" ['$x的可能取值为6,7,8.$'] ['6, 7, 8'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +703 "现有甲、乙、丙、丁四位同学分别带着$A,B,C,D$四个不同的礼物参加派对进行“礼物交换”游戏,将四个礼物放入袋中,每位同学分别抽取一个礼物。 +求四位同学都没有拿到自己所带礼物的概率;" ['$四位同学抽取礼物的总情况数为A^{4}_{4}=24.$\n若四位同学都没有拿到自己所带礼物,则甲同学拿的是$B、C、D$三个礼物中的一个,有3种可能,假设甲同学拿的是B礼物,接下来分成两种情况:\n①若乙同学拿的是A礼物,则丙、丁同学分别拿到D、C礼物,共1种情况.\n$②若乙同学拿的不是A礼物,则乙同学从C、D两个礼物中取一个,有两种可能,假设乙同学拿的是C礼物,则丙、丁分别拿到D、A礼物,这种情况共有C^{1}_{2}\\times 1=2种.$\n四位同学都没有拿到自己所带礼物的情况有3\\times (1+2)=9种.\n$所以四位同学都没有拿到自己所带礼物的概率P=\\frac{9}{24}=\\frac{3}{8}.$'] ['$\\frac{3}{8}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +704 "在核酸检测中,""k合1""混采核酸检测是指:先将k个人的样本混合��一起进行1次检测,如果这k个人都没有感染新冠病毒,则检测结果为阴性,得到每人的检测结果都为阴性,检测结束;如果这k个人中有人感染新冠病毒,则检测结果为阳性,此时需对每人再进行1次检测,得到每人的检测结果,检测结束.现对100人进行核酸检测,假设其中只有2人感染新冠病毒,并假设每次检测结果准确. +将这100人随机分成10组,每组10人,且对每组都采用“10合1”混采核酸检测. 如果感染新冠病毒的2人在同一组,求检测的总次数;" ['依题意,如果感染新冠病毒的2人在同一组,则该组需要检测11次,其他9个组都只需要检测1次,所以检测总次数为20.'] ['20'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +705 "$某电商平台联合手机厂家共同推出“分期购”服务,付款方式分为四个档次:1期、2期、3期和4期.记随机变量X_1、X_2分别表示顾客购买H型手机和V型手机的分期付款期数,根据以往销售数据统计,X_1和X_2的分布列如下表所示:$ + +| $X_1$ | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | +|-------|-----|-----|-----|-----| +| $P$ | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.1 | + +| $X_2$ | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | +|-------|-----|-----|-----|-----| +| $P$ | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.4 | +若某位顾客购买H型和V型手机各一部,求这位顾客两种手机都选择分4期付款的概率;" ['设事件A为“这位顾客两种手机都选择分4期付款”,故$P(A)=0.1\\times 0.4=0.04$.'] ['$0.04$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +706 "$某同学参加3门课程的考试.假设该同学第一门课程取得优秀成绩的概率为\frac{4}{5},第二门、第三门课程取得优秀成绩的概率分别为p,q(p>q),且不同课程是否取得优秀成绩相互独立.记\xi 为该生取得优秀成绩的课程数,其分布列为$ + +| $\xi$ | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | +|--- |--- |--- |--- |--- | +| $P$ | $\frac{6}{125}$ | $a$ | $b$ | $\frac{24}{125}$ | +求该生至少有1门课程取得优秀成绩的概率;" ['$事件A_i表示“该生第i门课程取得优秀成绩”,i=1,2,3,由题意知P(A_1)= \\frac{4}{5},P(A_2)=p,P(A_3)=q.$\n\n$由于事件“该生至少有1门课程取得优秀成绩”与事件“\\xi =0”是对立的,所以该生至少有1门课程取得优秀成绩的概率是P=1-P(\\xi =0)=1-\\frac{6}{125}=\\frac{119}{125}.$'] ['$\\frac{119}{125}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +707 "$某同学参加3门课程的考试.假设该同学第一门课程取得优秀成绩的概率为\frac{4}{5},第二门、第三门课程取得优秀成绩的概率分别为p,q(p>q),且不同课程是否取得优秀成绩相互独立.记\xi 为该生取得优秀成绩的课程数,其分布列为$ + +| $\xi$ | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | +|--- |--- |--- |--- |--- | +| $P$ | $\frac{6}{125}$ | $a$ | $b$ | $\frac{24}{125}$ | +求$p, q$的值;" ['$由题意知P(\\xi=0)=P(\\overline{A}_1\u3000\\overline{A}_2\u3000\\overline{A}_3)=\\frac{1}{5}(1-p)(1-q)=\\frac{6}{125},$\n\n$P(\\xi=3)=P(A_1A_2A_3)=\\frac{4}{5}pq=\\frac{24}{125},$\n\n$整理得pq=\\frac{6}{25},p+q=1,$\n\n$由p>q,可得p=\\frac{3}{5},q=\\frac{2}{5}.$'] ['p=\\frac{3}{5}, q=\\frac{2}{5}'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +708 "$某同学参加3门课程的考试.假设该同学第一门课程取得优秀成绩的概率为\frac{4}{5},第二门、第三门课程取得优秀成绩的概率分别为p,q(p>q),且不同课程是否取得优秀成绩相互独立.记\xi 为该生取得优秀成绩的课程数,其分布列为$ + +| $\xi$ | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | +|--- |--- |--- |--- |--- | +| $P$ | $\frac{6}{125}$ | $a$ | $b$ | $\frac{24}{125}$ | +求数学期望E(\xi )。" ['$由题意知a=P(\\xi =1)=\\frac{4}{5}(1-p)(1-q)+\\frac{1}{5}p(1-q)+\\frac{1}{5}(1-p)q=\\frac{37}{125},$\n$b=P(\\xi =2)=1-P(\\xi =0)-P(\\xi =1)-P(\\xi =3)=\\frac{58}{125},$\n$故E(\\xi )=0\\times \\frac{6}{125}+1\\times \\frac{37}{125}+2\\times \\frac{58}{125}+3\\times \\frac{24}{125}=\\frac{9}{5}.$'] ['$\\frac{9}{5}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +709 "$在某次投篮测试中,有两种投篮方案.方案甲:先在A点投篮一次,以后都在B点投篮;方案乙:始终在B点投篮.每次投篮之间相互独立.某选手在A点命中的概率为 \frac{3}{4} ,命中一次得3分,没有命中得0分;在B点命中的概率为 \frac{4}{5} ,命中一次得2分,没有命中得0分.用随机变量\xi 表示该选手一次投篮测试的累计得分,如果\xi 的值不低于3分,则认为通过测试并停止投篮,否则继续投篮,但一次测试最多投篮3次.$ +试问该选手选择哪种方案通过测试的可能性较大.请说明理由." ['选手选择方案甲通过测试的概率为\n$P_1 = P(\\xi \\geq 3) = \\frac{75}{100} + \\frac{16}{100} = \\frac{91}{100} = 0.91,$\n\n选手选择方案乙通过测试的概率为\n$P_2 = P(\\xi \\geq 3) = 2\\times \\frac{1}{5}\\times \\frac{4}{5}\\times \\frac{4}{5} + \\frac{4}{5}\\times \\frac{4}{5} = \\frac{112}{125} = \\frac{896}{1 000} = 0.896, $\n\n因为P_2 < P_1,所以该选手选择方案甲通过测试的概率更大.'] ['$0.91$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +710 "$为发展业务,某调研组对A,B两个公司的扫码支付情况进行调查,准备从国内n(n\in N^)个人口超过1 000万的超大城市和8个人口低于100万的小城市中随机抽取若干个进行统计.若一次抽取2个城市,全是小城市的概率为\frac{4}{15}.$ +$求n的值;$" ['$从(n+8)个城市中一次抽取2个城市,有C^2_{n+8}种取法,$\n$其中全是小城市的有C^2_8种取法,全是小城市的概率为\\frac{C^2_8}{C^2_{n+8}}=\\frac{8 \\times 7}{(n+8)(n+7)}=\\frac{4}{15},$\n$解得n=7(负值舍去).$'] ['n=7'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +711 "$为发展业务,某调研组对A,B两个公司的扫码支付情况进行调查,准备从国内n(n\in N^)个人口超过1 000万的超大城市和8个人口低于100万的小城市中随机抽取若干个进行统计.若一次抽取2个城市,全是小城市的概率为\frac{4}{15}.$ +若一次抽取4个城市,假设抽取的小城市个数为X,求X的可能值及相应的概率;" ['$由题意,X可能取0,1,2,3,4,$\n$P(X=0)=\\frac{{C}^0_8{C}^4_7}{{C}^4_{15}}=\\frac{1}{39},$\n$P(X=1)=\\frac{{C}^1_8{C}^3_7}{{C}^4_{15}}=\\frac{8}{39},$\n$P(X=2)=\\frac{{C}^2_8{C}^2_7}{{C}^4_{15}}=\\frac{28}{65},$\n$P(X=3)=\\frac{{C}^3_8{C}^1_7}{{C}^4_{15}}=\\frac{56}{195},$\n$P(X=4)=\\frac{{C}^4_8{C}^0_7}{{C}^4_{15}}=\\frac{2}{39}.$\n\n'] ['P(X=0)=\\frac{1}{39},P(X=1)=\\frac{8}{39},P(X=2)=\\frac{28}{65},P(X=3)=\\frac{56}{195},P(X=4)=\\frac{2}{39}'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +712 "$为发展业务,某调研组对A,B两个公司的扫码支付情况进行调查,准备从国内n(n\in N^)个人口超过1 000万的超大城市和8个人口低于100万的小城市中随机抽取若干个进行统计.若一次抽取2个城市,全是小城市的概率为\frac{4}{15}.$ +若一次抽取4个城市,若抽取的4个城市是同一类城市,求全为超大城市的概率." ['$若抽取的4个城市全是超大城市,共有C^4_7=35种取法,$\n$若抽取的4个城市全是小城市,共有C^4_8=70种取法,$\n$所以若抽取的4个城市是同一类城市,则全为超大城市的概率为\\frac{35}{35+70}=\\frac{1}{3}.$\n\n'] ['$P=\\frac{1}{3}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +713 "某单位有A,B两个餐厅为员工提供午餐与晚餐服务,甲、乙两位员工每个工作日午餐和晚餐都在单位就餐,近100个工作日选择餐厅就餐情况统计如下: + +|选择餐厅情况(午餐,晚餐)|(A,A)|(A,B)|(B,A)|(B,B)| +|---|---|---|---|---| +|甲员工|30天|20天|40天|10天| +|乙员工|20天|25天|15天|40天| + +假设甲、乙员工选择餐厅相互独立,用频率估计概率. +分别估计一天中甲员工午餐和晚餐都选择A餐厅就餐的概率与乙员工午餐和晚餐都选择B餐厅就餐的概率;" ['设事件C为“一天中甲员工午餐和晚餐都选择A餐厅就餐”,事件D为“一天中乙员工午餐和晚餐都选择B餐厅就餐”.\n\n$由于100个工作日中甲员工午餐和晚餐都选择A餐厅就餐的天数为30,乙员工午餐和晚餐都选择B餐厅就餐的天数为40,所以P(C)=\\frac{30}{100}=0.3,P(D)=\\frac{40}{100}=0.4.$'] ['$P(C)=0.3,P(D)=0.4$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +714 "$设甲、乙两位同学上学期间,每天7:30之前到校的概率均为\frac{2}{3}.假定甲、乙两位同学到校情况互不影响,且任一同学每天到校情况相互独立.$ +设M为事件“上学期间的三天中,甲同学在7:30之前到校的天数比乙同学在7:30之前到校的天数恰好多2”,求事件M发生的概率." ['$设乙同学上学期间的三天中7:30之前到校的天数为Y,则Y~B \\left(3,\\frac{2}{3}\\right),且M={X=3,Y=1}\\cup {X=2,Y=0}. $\n$由题意知事件{X=3,Y=1}与{X=2,Y=0}互斥,且事件{X=3}与{Y=1},事件{X=2}与{Y=0}均相互独立, $\n$从而由(1)知P(M)=P({X=3,Y=1}\\cup {X=2,Y=0})=P(X=3,Y=1)+P(X=2,Y=0)=P(X=3)P(Y=1)+P(X=2)P(Y=0)=\\frac{8}{27}\\times \\frac{2}{9}+\\frac{4}{9}\\times \\frac{1}{27}=\\frac{20}{243}.$'] ['$\\frac{20}{243}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +715 "$为进一步激发青少年学习中华优秀传统文化的热情,某校举办了“我爱古诗词”对抗赛,在每轮对抗赛中,高二年级胜高三年级的概率为 \frac{2}{5} ,高一年级胜高三年级的概率为 \frac{1}{3} ,且每轮对抗赛的成绩互不影响.$ +若高二年级与高三年级进行4轮对抗赛,求高三年级在对抗赛中至少有3轮胜出的概率;" ['$高三年级胜高二年级的概率为\\frac{3}{5},$\n$设高三年级在4轮对抗赛中有x轮胜出,P表示“至少有3轮胜出”的概率,则$\n$P=P(x=3)+P(x=4)=C^3_4\\left(\\frac{3}{5}\\right)^3\\times\\frac{2}{5} + \\left(\\frac{3}{5}\\right)^4 = \\frac{297}{625}.$'] ['$\\frac{297}{625}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +716 "$某人从家开车上班,有甲、乙两条路线可以选择,甲路线上有3个十字路口,在各路口遇到红灯的概率均为\frac{1}{2};乙路线上有2个十字路口,在各路口遇到红灯的概率依次为\frac{2}{3},\frac{3}{4}。假设在各路口是否遇到红灯是相互独立的,遇到红灯停留的时间都是1 min.$ +若走甲路线,求该人恰好遇到1个红灯的概率;" ['$甲路线上有3个十字路口,在各路口遇到红灯的概率均为\\frac{1}{2},所以该人走甲路线恰好遇到1个红灯的概率P=C^1_3\\times \\frac{1}{2}\\times \\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^2=\\frac{3}{8}.$'] ['$\\frac{3}{8}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +717 "$某人从家开车上班,有甲、乙两条路线可以选择,甲路线上有3个十字路口,在各路口遇到红灯的概率均为\frac{1}{2};乙路线上有2个十字路口,在各路口遇到红灯的概率依次为\frac{2}{3},\frac{3}{4}。假设在各路口是否遇到红灯是相互独立的,遇到红灯停留的时间都是1 min.$ +$若走乙路线,求该人在上班途中因遇红灯停留总时间x的分布列和期望;$" ['X的可能取值为0,1,2.\n\n$P(X=0)=\\left(1-\\frac{2}{3}\\right)\\times \\left(1-\\frac{3}{4}\\right)=\\frac{1}{12},$\n\n$P(X=1)=\\frac{2}{3}\\times \\left(1-\\frac{3}{4}\\right)+\\left(1-\\frac{2}{3}\\right)\\times \\frac{3}{4}=\\frac{5}{12},$\n\n$P(X=2)=\\frac{2}{3}\\times \\frac{3}{4}=\\frac{1}{2}.$\n\n随机变量X的分布列为\n\n| X | 0 | 1 | 2 |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n|$ P $|$\\frac{1}{12}$|$\\frac{5}{12}$|$\\frac{1}{2}$|\n\n$所以E(X)=\\frac{1}{12}\\times 0+\\frac{5}{12}\\times 1+\\frac{1}{2}\\times 2=\\frac{17}{12}.$\n\n'] ['$E(X)=\\frac{17}{12}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +718 "$某工厂的某种产品成箱包装,每箱200件,每一箱产品在交付用户之前要对产品作检验,如检验出不合格品,则更换为合格品。检验时,先从这箱产品中任取20件作检验,再根据检验结果决定是否对余下的所有产品作检验。设每件产品为不合格品的概率都为p (0b,a,b\in N.$ + +| 教育软件类型 | A | B | C | D | E | +| ----------- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | +| 选用的教师人数 | 10 | 15 | $a$ | 30 | $b$ | + +假设所有教师选择使用哪类教育软件相互独立. +若某校共有300名教师,试估计该校教师中使用教育软件C或E的人数;" ['由表格数据可知,$10+15+a+30+b=100,则a+b=45$,所以样本中教师使用教育软件C或E的人数为45,\n$故估计该校教师中使用教育软件C或E的人数为300\\times \\frac{45}{100} =135.$'] ['135'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +720 "$在新冠病毒疫情防控期间,北京市中小学开展了“优化线上教育与学生线下学习相结合”的教育教学实践活动.为了解某区教师对A,B,C,D,E五类线上教育软件的使用情况(每位教师都使用这五类教育软件中的某一类且每位教师只选择一���教育软件),从该区教师中随机抽取了100人,统计数据如下表,其中a>b,a,b\in N.$ + +| 教育软件类型 | A | B | C | D | E | +| ----------- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | +| 选用的教师人数 | 10 | 15 | $a$ | 30 | $b$ | + +假设所有教师选择使用哪类教育软件相互独立. +从该区教师中随机抽取3人,估计这3人中至少有2人使用教育软件D的概率;" ['设事件F为“从该区教师中随机抽取3人,至少有2人使用教育软件D”.\n\n$由题意知,样本中100名教师使用软件D的频率为\\frac{30}{100}=\\frac{3}{10}.用频率估计概率,从该区教师中随机抽取一名教师,估计该教师使用教育软件D的概率为\\frac{3}{10}.$\n\n$记被抽取的3人中使用教育软件D的人数为X,则X~B\\left(3,\\frac{3}{10}\\right).$\n\n$所以P(X=2)=C^2_3\\left(\\frac{3}{10}\\right)^2\\times \\left(1-\\frac{3}{10}\\right)=\\frac{189}{1 000},$\n$P(X=3)=C^3_3\\left(\\frac{3}{10}\\right)^3\\times \\left(1-\\frac{3}{10}\\right)^0=\\frac{27}{1 000},$\n\n$所以P(F)=P(X=2)+P(X=3)=\\frac{216}{1 000}=\\frac{27}{125}.$'] ['$\\frac{27}{125}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +721 "已知某校甲、乙、丙三个年级的学生志愿者人数分别为240,160,160.现采用分层抽样的方法从中抽取7名同学去某敬老院参加献爱心活动. +应从甲、乙、丙三个年级的学生志愿者中分别抽取多少人?" ['由已知,甲、乙、丙三个年级的学生志愿者人数之比为3:2:2,由于采用分层抽样的方法从中抽取7名同学,因此应从甲、乙、丙三个年级的学生志愿者中分别抽取3人,2人,2人.\n\n'] ['3,2,2'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +722 "已知某校甲、乙、丙三个年级的学生志愿者人数分别为240,160,160.现采用分层抽样的方法从中抽取7名同学去某敬老院参加献爱心活动. +设抽出的7名同学分别用A,B,C,D,E,F,G表示,现从中随机抽取2名同学承担敬老院的卫生工作.设M为事件“抽取的2名同学来自同一年级”,求事件M发生的概率." ['$由(1),不妨设抽出的7名同学中,来自甲年级的是A,B,C,来自乙年级的是D,E,来自丙年级的是F,G,则从抽出的7名同学中随机抽取的2名同学来自同一年级的所有可能结果为{A,B},{A,C},{B,C},{D,E},{F,G},共5种. 所以,事件M发生的概率P(M)=\\frac{5}{21}.$'] ['$\\frac{5}{21}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +723 "已知表1和表2是某年部分日期天安门广场升旗时刻表. + +表1:某年部分日期的天安门广场升旗时刻表 + +| 日期 | 升旗时刻 | 日期 | 升旗时刻 | +| --- | ---- | --- | ---- | +| 1月1日 | 7:36 | 7月9日 | 4:53 | +| 1月21日 | 7:31 | 7月27日 | 5:07 | +| 2月10日 | 7:14 | 8月14日 | 5:24 | +| 3月2日 | 6:47 | 9月2日 | 5:42 | +| 3月22日 | 6:16 | 9月20日 | 5:59 | +| 4月9日 | 5:46 | 10月8日 | 6:17 | +| 4月28日 | 5:19 | 10月26日 | 6:36 | +| 5月16日 | 4:59 | 11月13日 | 6:56 | +| 6月3日 | 4:47 | 12月1日 | 7:16 | +| 6月22日 | 4:46 | 12月20日 | 7:31 | + +表2:某年2月部分日期的天安门广场升旗时刻表 + +| 日期 | 升旗时刻 | 日期 | 升旗时刻 | 日期 | 升旗时刻 | +| --- | ---- | --- | ---- | --- | ---- | +| 2月1日 | 7:23 | 2月11日 | 7:13 | 2月21日 | 6:59 | +| 2月3日 | 7:22 | 2月13日 | 7:11 | 2月23日 | 6:57 | +| 2月5日 | 7:20 | 2月15日 | 7:08 | 2月25日 | 6:55 | +| 2月7日 | 7:17 | 2月17日 | 7:05 | 2月27日 | 6:52 | +| 2月9日 | 7:15 | 2月19日 | 7:02 | 2月28日 | 6:49 | +从表1的日期中随机选出一天,试估计这一天的升旗时刻早于7:00的概率;" ['$记事件A为“从表1的日期中随机选出一天,这一天的升旗时刻早于7:00”,在表1的20个日期中,有15个日期的升旗时刻早于7:00,所以P(A)=\\frac{15}{20}=\\frac{3}{4}.$'] ['$\\frac{3}{4}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +724 "某厂研制了一种生产高精产品的设备,为检验新设备生产产品的某项指标有无提高,用一台旧设备和一台新设备各生产了10件产品,得到各件产品该项指标数据如下: + +| 旧设备 | 9.8 | 10.3 | 10.0 | 10.2 | 9.9 | +|-------|------|------|------|------|------| +| 新设备 | 10.1 | 10.4 | 10.1 | 10.0 | 10.1 | + +| 旧设备 | 9.8 | 10.0 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 9.7 | +|-------|------|------|------|------|------| +| 新设备 | 10.3 | 10.6 | 10.5 | 10.4 | 10.5 | + +$旧设备和新设备生产产品的该项指标的样本平均数分别记为 \overline{x} 和 \overline{y},样本方差分别记为s^2_1和s^2_2.$ +$求\overline{x},\overline{y}, s_1^2,s_2^2;$" ['$\\overline{x} = \\frac{1}{10} \\times (9.8+10.3+10.0+10.2+9.9+9.8+10.0+10.1+10.2+9.7)=10$\n\n$\\overline{y} = \\frac{1}{10} \\times (10.1+10.4+10.1+10.0+10.1+10.3+10.6+10.5+10.4+10.5)=10.3$\n\n$s^2_1 = \\frac{1}{10} \\times (0.2^2+0.3^2+0^2+0.2^2+0.1^2+0.2^2+0^2+0.1^2+0.2^2+0.3^2)=0.036$\n\n$s^2_2 = \\frac{1}{10}\\times (0.2^2+0.1^2+0.2^2+0.3^2+0.2^2+0^2+0.3^2+0.2^2+0.1^2+0.2^2)=0.04$'] ['$\\overline{x}=10,\\overline{y}=10.3,s_1^2=0.036,s_2^2=0.04$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +725 "防洪工程对防洪减灪起着重要作用,水库是我国广泛采用的防洪工程之一,既有滞洪作用又有蓄洪作用.北京地区2010年至2019年每年汛末(10月1日)水库的蓄水量数据如下: + +| 年份 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | +| :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | +| 蓄水量
(亿立方米)| 11.25 | 13.25 | 13.58 | 17.4 | 12.4 |12.1 |18.3 |26.5 |34.3 | 34.1| +从2010年至2019年的样本数据中随机选取连续两年的数据,求这两年蓄水量数据之差的绝对值小于1亿立方米的概率;" ['设事件A表示“连续两年的蓄水量数据之差的绝对值小于1亿立方米”,\n从2010年到2019年的样本数据中随机选取连续两年共有9种可能取法,\n由题表可知,事件A包含“2011年和2012年”,“2014年和2015年”,“2018年和2019年”3种.\n$所以P(A)=\\frac{3}{9}=\\frac{1}{3}.$'] ['$\\frac{1}{3}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +726 "防洪工程对防洪减灪起着重要作用,水库是我国广泛采用的防洪工程之一,既有滞洪作用又有蓄洪作用.北京地区2010年至2019年每年汛末(10月1日)水库的蓄水量数据如下: + +| 年份 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | +| :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | +| 蓄水量
(亿立方米)| 11.25 | 13.25 | 13.58 | 17.4 | 12.4 |12.1 |18.3 |26.5 |34.3 | 34.1| + +$从2014年至2019年的样本数据中随机选取两年的数据,设X为蓄水量超过33亿立方米的年份个数,求随机变量X的数学期望;$" ['由题表可知,2014年到2019年的样本数据中蓄水量超过33亿立方米的有2年,蓄水量不超过33亿立方米的有4年。\n\n随机变量X可能取值为0,1,2。\n\n$P(X=0)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^0_2 \\cdot \\mathrm{C}^2_4}{\\mathrm{C}^2_6}=\\frac{2}{5},$\n\n$P(X=1)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_2 \\cdot \\mathrm{C}^1_4}{\\mathrm{C}^2_6}=\\frac{8}{15},$\n\n$P(X=2)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^2_2 \\cdot \\mathrm{C}^0_4}{\\mathrm{C}^2_6}=\\frac{1}{15}。$\n\n所以随机变量X的分布列为\n\n| $X$ | 0 | 1 | 2 |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| $P$ | $\\frac{2}{5}$ | $\\frac{8}{15}$ | $\\frac{1}{15}$ |\n\n$所以E(X)=0\\times \\frac{2}{5}+1\\times \\frac{8}{15}+2\\times \\frac{1}{15}=\\frac{2}{3}.$\n\n'] ['$\\frac{2}{3}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +727 "A,B,C三个班共有100名学生,为调查他们的体育锻炼情况,通过分层抽样获得了部分学生一周的锻炼时间,数据如下表(单位:小时): + +| A班 | 6 | 6.5| 7 | 7.5| 8 |8.5|9.0|9.5| +| B班 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11| 12|13| +| C班 | 3 | 4.5| 6 | 7.5| 9 | 10.5| 12| 13.5| +试估计C班的学生人数;" ['$由题意知,抽出的20名学生中,来自C班的学生有8名.根据分层抽样方法知,C班的学生人数估计为100\\times \\frac{8}{20}=40.$\n\n思路分析\n\n利用分层抽样的特征求出C班的学生人数;'] ['$40$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +728 "A,B,C三个班共有100名学生,为调查他们的体育锻炼情况,通过分层抽样获得了部分学生一周的锻炼时间,数据如下表(单位:小时): + +| A班 | 6 | 6.5| 7 | 7.5| 8 |8.5|9.0|9.5| +| B班 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11| 12|13| +| C班 | 3 | 4.5| 6 | 7.5| 9 | 10.5| 12| 13.5| +从A班和C班抽出的学生中,各随机选取一人,A班选出的人记为甲,C班选出的人记为乙.假设所有学生的锻炼时间相互独立,求该周甲的锻炼时间比乙的锻炼时间长的概率;" ['$设事件A_i为“甲是现有样本中A班的第i个人”,i=1,2,\\ldots ,5,$\n\n$事件C_j为“乙是现有样本中C班的第j个人”, j=1,2,\\ldots ,8。$\n\n$由题意可知,P(A_i)=\\frac{1}{5},i=1,2,\\ldots ,5;$\n\n$P(C_j)=\\frac{1}{8}, j=1,2,\\ldots ,8。$\n\n$P(A_iC_j)=P(A_i)P(C_j)=\\frac{1}{5}\\times \\frac{1}{8}=\\frac{1}{40},i=1,2,\\ldots ,5, j=1,2,\\ldots ,8。$\n\n$设事件E为“该周甲的锻炼时间比乙的锻炼时间长”。由题意知,E=A_1C_1\\cup A_1C_2\\cup A_2C_1\\cup A_2C_2\\cup A_2C_3\\cup A_3C_1\\cup A_3C_2\\cup A_3C_3\\cup A_4C_1\\cup A_4C_2\\cup A_4C_3\\cup A_5C_1\\cup A_5C_2\\cup A_5C_3\\cup A_5C_4���$\n\n$因此P(E)=P(A_1C_1)+P(A_1C_2)+P(A_2C_1)+P(A_2C_2)+P(A_2C_3)+P(A_3C_1)+P(A_3C_2)+P(A_3C_3)+P(A_4C_1)+P(A_4C_2)+P(A_4C_3)+P(A_5C_1)+P(A_5C_2)+P(A_5C_3)+P(A_5C_4)=15\\times \\frac{1}{40}=\\frac{3}{8}.$\n\n思路分析\n\n先找出甲、乙所有可能的搭配方式,再找出符合条件的搭配方式,其实质是古典概型。'] ['$\\frac{3}{8}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +729 "2021年12月9日,《北京市义务教育体育与健康考核评价方案》发布.义务教育体育与健康考核评价包括过程性考核与现场考试两部分,总分值70分.其中,过程性考核40分,现场考试30分.该评价方案从公布之日施行,分学段过渡、逐步推开.现场考试采取分类限选的方式,把内容划分了四类,必考、选考共设置22项考试内容.某区在九年级学生中随机抽取1 100名男生和1 000名女生作为样本进行统计调查,其中男生和女生选考乒乓球的比例分别为10%和5%,选考1分钟跳绳的比例分别为40%和50%.假设选考项目中所有学生选择每一项相互独立. +从该区所有九年级学生中随机抽取1名学生,估计该学生选考乒乓球的概率;" ['样本中男生选考乒乓球的人数为$1 100\\times 10\\%=110,$\n\n样本中女生选考乒乓球的人数为$1 000\\times 5\\%=50,$\n\n设从该区所有九年级学生中随机抽取1名学生,该学生选考乒乓球为事件A,\n\n$则P(A)= \\frac{110+50}{1 100+1 000} = \\frac{8}{105}.$'] ['$\\frac{8}{105}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +730 "2021年12月9日,《北京市义务教育体育与健康考核评价方案》发布.义务教育体育与健康考核评价包括过程性考核与现场考试两部分,总分值70分.其中,过程性考核40分,现场考试30分.该评价方案从公布之日施行,分学段过渡、逐步推开.现场考试采取分类限选的方式,把内容划分了四类,必考、选考共设置22项考试内容.某区在九年级学生中随机抽取1 100名男生和1 000名女生作为样本进行统计调查,其中男生和女生选考乒乓球的比例分别为10%和5%,选考1分钟跳绳的比例分别为40%和50%.假设选考项目中所有学生选择每一项相互独立. +从该区九年级全体男生中随机抽取2人,全体女生中随机抽取1人,估计这3人中恰有2人选考1分钟跳绳的概率;" ['设从该区九年级全体男生中随机抽取1人,选考1分钟跳绳为事件B,从该区九年级全体女生中随机抽取1人,选考1分钟跳绳为事件C,\n则$P(B)=0.4,P(C)=0.5$,\n$则从该区九年级全体男生中随机抽取2人,全体女生中随机抽取1人,估计这3人中恰有2人选考1分钟跳绳的概率为C_2^1\\times 0.4\\times (1-0.4)\\times 0.5+C_2^2\\times 0.4^2\\times (1-0.5)=0.32.$'] ['$0.32$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +731 "2021年12月9日,《北京市义务教育体育与健康考核评价方案》发布.义务教育体育与健康考核评价包括过程性考核与现场考试两部分,总分值70分.其中,过程性考核40分,现场考试30分.该评价方案从公布之日施行,分学段过渡、逐步推开.现场考试采取分类限选的方式,把内容划分了四类,必考、选考共设置22项考试内容.某区在九年级学生中随机抽取1 100名男生和1 000名女生作为样本进行统计调查,其中男生和女生选考乒乓球的比例分别为10%和5%,选考1分钟跳绳的比例分别为40%和50%.假设选考项目中所有学生选择每一项相互独立. +$已知乒乓球考试满分为8分.在该区一次九年级模拟考试中,样本中选考乒乓球的男生有60人得8分,40人得7.5分,其余男生得7分;样本中选考乒乓球的女生有40人得8分,其余女生得7分.记这次模拟考试中,选考乒乓球的所有学生的乒乓球平均分的估计值为\mu_1,其中男生的乒乓球平均分的估计值为\mu_2,求\mu_1与\mu_2.$" ['样本中选考乒乓球的男生有$1 100\\times 10\\%=110$人,选考乒乓球的女生有1 000\\times 5%=50人,\n\n$\\mu _1 = \\frac{100 \\times 8+40 \\times 7.5+20 \\times 7}{160} = \\frac{31}{4},$\n\n$\\mu _2 = \\frac{60 \\times 8+40 \\times 7.5+10 \\times 7}{110} = \\frac{85}{11},$\n\n\n'] ['$\\frac{31}{4},\\frac{85}{11}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +732 "某商家为了促销,规定每位消费者均可免费参加一次抽奖活动,活动规则如下:在一不透明纸箱中有8张相同的卡片,其中4张卡片上印有“幸”字,另外4张卡片上印有“运”字.消费者从该纸箱中不放回地随机抽取4张卡片,若抽到的4张卡片上都印有同一个字,则获得一张10元代金券;若抽到的4张卡片中恰有3���卡片上印有同一个字,则获得一张5元代金券;若抽到的4张卡片是其他情况,则不获得任何奖励. +求某位消费者在一次抽奖活动中抽到的4张卡片上都印有“幸”字的概率;" ['$记“某位消费者在一次抽奖活动中抽到的4张卡片上都印有‘幸’字”为事件 A,则 P(A) = \\frac{1}{{C}^4_8} = \\frac{1}{70}.$\n\n$所以某位消费者在一次抽奖活动中抽到的4张卡片上都印有“幸”字的概率为 \\frac{1}{70}.$'] ['$\\frac{1}{70}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +733 "某学校高中三个年级共有300名学生,为调查他们的课后学习时间情况,通过分层随机抽样获得了20名学生一周的课后学习时间,数据如下表(单位:小时): + +| | | | | | | | | | +|-------|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----| +| 高一年级 | 7 | 7.5 | 8 | 8.5 | 9 | | | | +| 高二年级 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | | +| 高三年级 | 6 | 6.5 | 7 | 8.5 | 11 | 13.5| 17 | 18.5| +试估计该校高三年级的学生人数;" ['$抽出的20名学生中,来自高三年级的有8名,所以该校高三年级的学生共有300\\times \\frac{8}{20}=120(名).$'] ['$120$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +734 "某学校高中三个年级共有300名学生,为调查他们的课后学习时间情况,通过分层随机抽样获得了20名学生一周的课后学习时间,数据如下表(单位:小时): + +| | | | | | | | | | +|-------|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----| +| 高一年级 | 7 | 7.5 | 8 | 8.5 | 9 | | | | +| 高二年级 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | | +| 高三年级 | 6 | 6.5 | 7 | 8.5 | 11 | 13.5| 17 | 18.5| +从高一年级和高二年级抽出的学生中,各随机选取一人,高一年级选出的人记为甲,高二年级选出的人记为乙,求该周甲的课后学习时间不大于乙的课后学习时间的概率;" ['$设事件A_i为$“甲是现有样本中高一年级中的第i个学习”,$i=1,2,3,4,5,$\n$事件C_j为$“乙是现有样本中高二年级中的第j个学习”,$j=1,2,3,4,5,6,7,$\n$由题意知P(A_i)=\\frac{1}{5},P(C_j)=\\frac{1}{7},由于事件A_i与事件C_j相互独立,$\n$所以P(A_iC_j)=\\frac{1}{5} \\times \\frac{1}{7} =\\frac{1}{35},$\n$设事件B为“该周甲的学习时间不大于乙的学习时间”,$\n$由题意知,\\overline{B}=A_2C_1\\cup A_3C_1\\cup A_4C_1\\cup A_5C_1\\cup A_4C_2\\cup A_5C_2,$\n$由于A_2C_1、A_3C_1、A_4C_1、A_5C_1、A_4C_2、A_5C_2彼此互斥,$\n$故P(\\overline{B})=P(A_2C_1\\cup A_3C_1\\cup A_4C_1\\cup A_5C_1\\cup A_4C_2\\cup A_5C_2)=P(A_2C_1)+P(A_3C_1)+P(A_4C_1)+P(A_5C_1)+P(A_4C_2)+P(A_5C_2)=6 \\times \\frac{1}{35}=\\frac{6}{35},$\n$所以P(B)=1-P(\\overline{B})=1-\\frac{6}{35}=\\frac{29}{35},$\n$故该周甲的课后学习时间不大于乙的课后学习时间的概率为\\frac{29}{35}。$'] ['$\\frac{29}{35}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +735 "$在复平面xOy内,已知平行四边形ABCD,A点对应的复数为2+i,向量\overrightarrow{BA}对应的复数为1+2i,向量\overrightarrow{BC}对应的复数为3-i.$ +求点C, D对应的复数;" ['$\\because 向量\\overrightarrow{BA}对应的复数为1+2i,向量\\overrightarrow{BC}对应的复数为3-i,\\overrightarrow{AC}=\\overrightarrow{BC}-\\overrightarrow{BA},$\n\n$\\therefore 向量\\overrightarrow{AC}对应的复数为(3-i)-(1+2i)=2-3i.$\n\n$又\\overrightarrow{OC}=\\overrightarrow{OA}+\\overrightarrow{AC},$\n\n$\\therefore 点C对应的复数为(2+i)+(2-3i)=4-2i$.\n\n$\\because \\overrightarrow{AD}=\\overrightarrow{BC},\\therefore 向量\\overrightarrow{AD}对应的复数为3-i,$\n\n$即\\overrightarrow{AD}(3,-1).$\n\n$设D(x, y),则\\overrightarrow{AD}(x-2,y-1)=(3,-1),$\n\n$\\therefore \\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x-2=3,\\\\ y-1=-1,\\end{matrix}\\right.解得\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x=5,\\\\ y=0.\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n\n$\\therefore 点D对应的复数为5$.\n\n'] ['C=4-2i, D=5'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Complex Numbers Math Chinese +736 "$在复平面xOy内,已知平行四边形ABCD,A点对应的复数为2+i,向量\overrightarrow{BA}对应的复数为1+2i,向量\overrightarrow{BC}对应的复数为3-i.$ +求平行四边形ABCD的面积." ['$因为,\\overrightarrow{BA} \\cdot \\overrightarrow{BC}=|\\overrightarrow{BA}||\\overrightarrow{BC}| cos B,$\n\n$所以,cos B = \\frac{\\overrightarrow{BA} \\cdot \\overrightarrow{BC}}{|\\overrightarrow{BA}||\\overrightarrow{BC}|} = \\frac{3-2}{\\sqrt{5} \\times \\sqrt{10}} = \\frac{1}{5\\sqrt{2}} = \\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{10}.$\n\n$所以,sin B = \\frac{7\\sqrt{2}}{10}.$\n\n$因��,S_{▱ABCD} = |\\overrightarrow{BA}||\\overrightarrow{BC}| sin B = \\sqrt{5} \\times \\sqrt{10} \\times \\frac{7\\sqrt{2}}{10} = 7.$'] ['7'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Plane Geometry Math Chinese +737 "$甲口袋中装有2个黑球和1个白球,乙口袋中装有3个白球.现从甲、乙两口袋中各任取一个球交换放入另一口袋,重复n次这样的操作,记甲口袋中黑球个数为X_n,恰有2个黑球的概率为p_n,恰有1个黑球的概率为q_n。$ +$求p_1,q_1和p_2,q_2;$" ['$p_1 = \\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_1}{\\mathrm{C}^1_3} \\cdot \\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_3}{\\mathrm{C}^1_3} = \\frac{1}{3},$\n\n$q_1 = \\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_2}{\\mathrm{C}^1_3} \\cdot \\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_3}{\\mathrm{C}^1_3} = \\frac{2}{3},$\n\n$p_2 = \\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_1}{\\mathrm{C}^1_3} \\cdot \\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_3}{\\mathrm{C}^1_3}p_1 + \\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_2}{\\mathrm{C}^1_3} \\cdot \\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_1}{\\mathrm{C}^1_3}q_1 + 0 \\cdot (1 - p_1 - q_1) = \\frac{1}{3}p_1 + \\frac{2}{9}q_1 = \\frac{7}{27},$\n\n$q_2 = \\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_2}{\\mathrm{C}^1_3} \\cdot \\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_3}{\\mathrm{C}^1_3}p_1 + \\left(\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_2}{\\mathrm{C}^1_3} \\cdot \\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_2}{\\mathrm{C}^1_3} + \\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_1}{\\mathrm{C}^1_3} \\cdot \\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_1}{\\mathrm{C}^1_3}\\right)q_1 + \\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_3}{\\mathrm{C}^1_3} \\cdot \\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_2}{\\mathrm{C}^1_3}(1 - p_1 - q_1) = -\\frac{1}{9}q_1 + \\frac{2}{3} = \\frac{16}{27}.$'] ['$p_1 = \\frac{1}{3},q_1 = \\frac{2}{3},p_2 = \\frac{7}{27},q_2 = \\frac{16}{27}。$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +738 "$在极坐标系Ox中,若点A为曲线l:\rho \cos \theta +\rho \sin \theta =-2 (\pi \leq \theta \leq \frac{3\pi }{2}) 上一动点,点B在射线AO上,且满足 |OA|\cdot|OB|=4,记动点B的轨迹为曲线C。$ +$若过极点的直线l_1交曲线C和曲线l分别于P,Q两点,且P,Q的中点为M,求|OM|的最大值.$" ['①$若曲线C为\\rho =2,此时 \\theta = \\pi 或 \\theta = 3\\pi /2 ,此时 P,Q重合,不符合题意。 $\n\n②$若曲线C为\\rho =2sin \\theta +2cos \\theta ,该情况下 0 \\leq \\theta \\leq \\pi /2 ,$\n\n$设 l_1:\\theta =\\alpha ,同时 0 \\leq \\alpha \\leq \\pi /2 ,又 l_1与曲线C交于点P,联立以下公式 $\n\n$\n\\begin{align*}\n\\\\theta &= \\alpha, \n\\\\ \\rho &= 2\\sin \\theta + 2\\cos \\theta,\n\\end{align*}\n$\n\n$得到 \\rho _P = 2sin \\alpha + 2cos \\alpha $。 \n\n$又 l_1 与曲线 l 交于点 Q,联立以下公式 $\n\n$\n\\begin{align*}\n\\\\theta &= \\alpha, \n\\\\ \\rho\\sin \\theta + \\rho\\cos \\theta = -2,\n\\end{align*}\n$\n\n$得到 \\rho _Q = -2/(\\sin \\alpha + \\cos \\alpha ) $。 \n\n$又因为 M 是 P,Q 的中点,有 \\rho _M = (\\rho _P + \\rho _Q)/2 = sin \\alpha + cos \\alpha - 1/(sin \\alpha + cos \\alpha ),此时 0 \\leq \\alpha \\leq \\pi /2$。 \n\n$令 sin \\alpha + cos \\alpha = t,则 t = \\sqrt 2 sin(\\alpha + \\pi /4)。 且由于 0 \\leq \\alpha \\leq \\pi /2,则 \\pi /4 \\leq \\alpha + \\pi /4 \\leq 3\\pi /4 ,且 1\\leq t \\leq \\sqrt 2$。 \n\n$因此,\\rho _M = t - 1/t,其中 1\\leq t \\leq \\sqrt 2$。 \n\n且$ \\rho _M = t - 1/t 在 [1, \\sqrt 2] 上是增函数,因此,0 \\leq \\rho _M \\leq \\sqrt 2 - 1/\\sqrt 2 = \\sqrt 2/2$。 \n\n$因此,|OM| 的最大值为 \\sqrt 2/2$。'] ['$\\sqrt{2}/2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +739 "$在直角坐标系xOy中,曲线C的参数方程为\left\{\begin{matrix}x=\frac{1-t^2}{1+t^2},\\ y=\frac{2t}{1+t^2}\end{matrix}\right.(t为参数).$ +$点P(x,y) (x\in [\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2},1)) 是曲线C上在第一象限内的一动点,求 \frac{y^3}{x} + \frac{x^3}{y} 的最小值.$" [':\n\n$令x=cos \\theta ,y=sin \\theta ,\\theta \\in (0,\\frac{\\pi }{6}],$\n$则\\frac{y^3}{x}+\\frac{x^3}{y}=\\frac{\\sin ^3\\theta }{\\cos \\theta }+\\frac{\\cos ^3\\theta }{\\sin \\theta }=\\frac{\\sin ^4\\theta +\\cos ^4\\theta }{\\sin \\theta \\cos \\theta }$\n$=\\frac{(\\sin ^2\\theta +\\cos ^2\\theta )^2-2\\sin ^2\\theta \\cos ^2\\theta }{\\sin \\theta \\cos \\theta }=\\frac{2}{\\sin 2\\theta }-sin 2\\theta ,$\n$因为y=\\frac{2}{\\sin 2\\theta }-sin 2\\theta 在(0,\\frac{\\pi }{6}]上单调递减,$\n$故当\\theta =\\frac{\\pi }{6}时,\\frac{y^3}{x}+\\frac{x^3}{y}取得最小值\\frac{5\\sqrt{3}}{6}.$'] ['$\\frac{5\\sqrt{3}}{6}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +740 "$在直角坐标系xOy中,曲线C的参数方程为$ +$$ +\left\{ +\begin{matrix} +x=2-t-t^2,\\ +y=2-3t+t^2 +\end{matrix} +\right. +$$ +$(t为参数且t\neq 1),C与坐标轴交于A,B两点.$ +求|AB|;" ['$因为t\\neq 1,由2-t-t^2=0得t=-2,所以C与y轴的交点为(0,12);由2-3t+t^2=0得t=2,所以C与x轴的交点为(-4,0).故|AB|=4\\sqrt{10}.$'] ['$4\\sqrt{10}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +741 "$已知存在x_0\in R,使得|x_0+a|-|x_0-2b|\geq 4成立,a>0,b>0.$ +$求a^{2}+b^{2}的最小值.$" ['$由柯西不等式,得 (1^2+2^2)(a^2+b^2) \\geq (a+2b)^2 \\geq 16,(当且仅当 b=2a 时取等号),$\n$即当 a=\\frac{4}{5},b=\\frac{8}{5} 时,a^2+b^2 取得最小值 \\frac{16}{5}.$'] ['$\\frac{16}{5}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +742 "$已知定义在R上的函数f(x)=|x-2|+|x+4|的最小值为p.$ +求$p$的值;" ['$f(x)=|x-2|+|x+4|\\geq |(2-x)+(x+4)|=6。当 (2-x)(x+4)\\geq 0, 即 -4\\leq x\\leq 2 时,有 f_{min}(x)=6,$\n$所以 p=6。$'] ['p=6'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +743 "$已知函数f(x)=|x+2|+3|x-a|(a>0)。$ +$求f(x)的最小值;$" ['$f(x)=|x+2|+3|x-a|=$\n\n$\\begin{cases}\n-4x+3a-2, x\\leq -2, \\\\\n-2x+3a+2, -2'] ['$\\frac{73}{4}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +745 "$已知函数f(x)=|2x-1|+|x+1|.$ +$记函数f(x)的最小值为m,若a, b, c均为正实数,且a+2b+3c=2m,求a^2+b^2+c^2的最小值.$" ['$由(1)可知,当x=\\frac{1}{2}时, f(x)取得最小值\\frac{3}{2},所以m=\\frac{3}{2},所以a+2b+3c=3,$\n$由柯西不等式得(a^2+b^2+c^2)(1^2+2^2+3^2)\\geq (a+2b+3c)^2=9,整理得a^2+b^2+c^2\\geq \\frac{9}{14},当且仅当\\frac{a}{1}=\\frac{b}{2}=\\frac{c}{3},即a=\\frac{3}{14},b=\\frac{6}{14},c=\\frac{9}{14}时等号成立.$\n$所以a^2+b^2+c^2的最小值为 \\frac{9}{14}.$'] ['$\\frac{9}{14}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Inequality Math Chinese +746 "$等差数列{a_n}中,a_3+a_4=4,a_5+a_7=6.$ +$设b_{n}=[a_{n}],求数列{b_{n}}的前10项和,其中[x]表示不超过x的最大整数,如[0.9]=0,[2.6]=2.$" ['$由(1)知, b_n=\\left[\\frac{2n+3}{5}\\right] .$\n\n\n\n$当n=1,2,3时,1\\leq \\frac{2n+3}{5}<2,b_n=1;$\n$当n=4,5时,2\\leq \\frac{2n+3}{5}<3,b_n=2;$\n$当n=6,7,8时,3\\leq \\frac{2n+3}{5}<4,b_n=3;$\n$当n=9,10时,4\\leq \\frac{2n+3}{5}<5,b_n=4.$\n\n\n\n$所以数列{b_n}的前10项和为1\\times 3+2\\times 2+3\\times 3+4\\times 2=24.$'] ['$24$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +747 "$意大利数学家斐波那契在研究兔子繁殖问题时发现了数列1,1,2,3,5,8,13,\ldots ,数列中的每一项被称为斐波那契数,记作 F _n. 已知 F _1 =1, F _2 =1, F _n = F _{n-1} + F _{n-2},其中 n 属于 N _,且 n >2.$ +$若斐波那契数F_n除以4所得的余数按原顺序构成数列\{a_n\},则a_1+a_2+a_3\ldots +a_{2023}=\_\_\_\_\_\_.$" ['$由题意,F_1 = 1,F_1除以4的余数为1,则a_1 = 1。$\n\n$F_2 = 1,F_2除以4的余数为1,则a_2 = 1。$\n\n$由F_3 = F_1 + F_2 = 2,得F_3除以4的余数为2,即a_3 = 2,$\n\n$由F_4 = F_2 + F_3 = 3,得F_4除以4的余数为3,即a_4 = 3,$\n\n$由F_5 = F_3 + F_4 = 5,得F_5除以4的余数为1,即a_5 = 1,$\n\n$由F_6 = F_4 + F_5 = 8,得F_6除以4的余数为0,即a_6 = 0,$\n\n$由F_7 = F_5 + F_6 = 13,得F_7除以4的余数为1,即a_7 = 1,$\n\n$由F_8 = F_6 + F_7 = 21,得F_8除以4的余数为1,即a_8 = 1。$\n\n$故{a_n}是以6为最小正周期的数列,因为2023\\div 6=337\\ldots \\ldots 1,所以a_1+a_2+a_3+\\ldots +a_{2023} = (a_1+a_2+a_3+a_4+a_5+a_6)\\times 337 + 1 = 8\\times 337 + 1 = 2697.$'] ['$2697$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +748 "$已知数列a_n的每一项都是正数,a_1=3,a_{n+1}^2-2a_n^2=a_na_{n+1}+3\times 2^n(a_n+a_{n+1})。记数列b_n的前n项和为B_n,B_n=-3n^2+180,数列\left\{\frac{a_n}{2^{n-2}}+b_n\right\}的前n项和为S_n,数列\left\{\frac{a_n}{n}\right\}的前n项和为T_n.$ +$求S_n、T_n;$" ['$\\because a^2_{n+1} - 2a^2_n = a_na_{n+1} + 3 2^{n}(a_n + a_{n+1}),$\n$\\therefore (a^2_{n+1} - a_na_{n+1} - 2a^2_n - 3 2^{n}(a_n + a_{n+1}) = (a_{n+1} + a_n)(a_{n+1} - 2a_n) - 3 2^{n}(a_n + a_{n+1}) = (a_{n+1} + a_n)(a_{n+1} - 2a_n - 3 2^{n}) = 0,$\n$\\therefore 数列 {a_n} 的每一项都是正数,则 a_{n+1} + a_n > 0.$\n$\\therefore a_{n+1} - 2a_n - 3 2^{n} = 0.即 a_{n+1} - 2a_n = 3 2^{n},等号两边同除以2^{n-1} 可得 \\frac{a_{n+1}}{2^{n-1}} - \\frac{a_n}{2^{n-2}} = 6,$\n$\\therefore 数列 \\left\\{\\frac{a_n}{2^{n-2}}\\right\\} 是首项为 \\frac{a_1}{2^{-1}} = 6,公差为 6 的等差数列,$\n$故 \\frac{a_n}{2^{n-2}} = 6n,\\therefore 数列 \\left\\{\\frac{a_n}{2^{n-2}}\\right\\} 的前 n 项和为 6n + \\frac{n(n-1)\\times 6}{2} = 3n^{2} + 3n,所以 \\left\\{\\frac{a_n}{2^{n-2}} + b_n\\right\\} 的前 n 项和 S_n = 3n^{2} + 3n - 3n^2 + 180 = 3n + 180.$\n$由 \\frac{a_n}{2^{n-2}} = 6n,得 a_n = 6n \\cdot 2^{n-2},\\therefore \\frac{a_n}{n} = 6 \\times 2^{n-2} = 3 \\times 2^{n-1}.$\n$故 \\frac{a_{n+1}}{n+1} \\div \\frac{a_n}{n} = \\frac{3 \\times 2^n}{3 \\times 2^{n-1}} = 2,且 \\frac{a_1}{1} = 3 \\times 2^{0} = 3.$\n$\\therefore 数列 \\left\\{\\frac{a_n}{n}\\right\\} 是首项为 3,公比为 2 的等比数列.$\n$\\therefore 数列 \\left\\{\\frac{a_n}{n}\\right\\} 的前 n 项和 T_n = \\frac{3 \\times (1 - 2^n)}{1 - 2} = 3 \\times 2^{n} - 3.$'] ['$S_n = 3n + 180, T_n = 3 \\times 2^{n} - 3$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +749 "$已知椭圆C_1:\frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)的右焦点F与抛物线C_2的焦点重合,C_1的中心与C_2的顶点重合。过F且与x轴垂直的直线交C_1于A,B两点,交C_2于C,D两点,且|CD|=\frac{4}{3}|AB|.$ +$求C_1的离心率;$" ['$由已知可设C_2的方程为y^2=4cx,其中c=\\sqrt{a^2-b^2}. $\n\n$不妨设A,C在第一象限,由题设得A,B的纵坐标分别为\\frac{b^2}{a}, -\\frac{b^2}{a}; C, D的纵坐标分别为2c,-2c,故|AB|=\\frac{2b^2}{a},|CD|=4c.$\n\n$由|CD|=\\frac{4}{3}|AB|得4c=\\frac{8b^2}{3a},即3\\times \\frac{c}{a}=2-2\\left(\\frac{c}{a}\\right)^2,解得\\frac{c}{a}=-2(舍去)或\\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{1}{2}. $\n\n$所以C_1的离心率为\\frac{1}{2}.$'] ['\\frac{1}{2}'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +750 "$已知抛物线C:y^{2}=2px(p>0)的焦点为F,其准线与x轴交于点P,过点P作直线l与C交于A,B两点,点D与点A关于x轴对称.$ +$若\overrightarrow{DF}=3\overrightarrow{FB},求l的斜率.$" ['$由\\overrightarrow{DF}=3\\overrightarrow{FB},可得\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}-x_1+\\frac{p}{2}=3\\left(x_2-\\frac{p}{2}\\right),\\\\ y_1=3y_2,\\end{matrix}\\right.即\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x_1+3x_2=2p,\\\\ y_1=3y_2,\\end{matrix}\\right. $\n$由(1)可得i_{y_2}+y_1=4y_1=\\frac{2p}{k},故y_2=\\frac{p}{2k}, $\n$又x_1+3x_2=2p,故\\frac{y^2_1}{2p}+\\frac{3y^2_2}{2p}=2p,即y^2_1+3y^2_2=4p^2=12y^2_2, $\n$故y^2_2=\\frac{p^2}{4k^2}=\\frac{p^2}{3},所以k^2=\\frac{3}{4},满足\\Delta>0,\\therefore k=\\pm\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}.$'] ['$k=\\pm\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +751 "$已知椭圆`C`:\frac{x^2}{25} + \frac{y^2}{m^2} = 1 (0 < m < 5) 的离心率为 \frac{\sqrt{15}}{4} ,`A`,`B` 分别为 `C` 的左、右顶点.$ +$若点P在C上,点Q在直线x=6上,且|BP|=|BQ|,BP\perp BQ,求\triangle APQ的面积.$" ['解法一:\n$设 P(x_P, y_P), Q(6, y_Q),根据对称性可设 y_Q > 0,由题意知 y_P > 0.$\n$由已知可得 B(5,0),直线 BP 的方程为 y=-\\frac{1}{y_Q}(x-5),$\n$所以,|BP|=\\sqrt{1+k^2_{BP}} |y_P-y_B| = y_P\\sqrt{1+y^2_Q}, |BQ| = \\sqrt{1+y^2_Q}.$\n$因为 |BP| = |BQ|,所以 y_P=1,$\n$将 y_P=1 代入 C 的方程,解得 x_P=3 或 -3.$\n$由直线 BP 的方程得 y_Q=2 或 8.$\n$所以点 P,Q 的坐标分别为 P_1(3,1),Q_1(6,2);P_2(-3,1),Q_2(6,8).$\n$|P_1Q_1|=\\sqrt{10},直线 P_1Q_1 的方程为 y= \\frac{1}{3}x,点 A(-5,0) 到直线 P_1Q_1 的距离为 \\frac{\\sqrt{10}}{2},故 \\triangle AP_1Q_1 的面积为 \\frac{1}{2}\\times \\frac{\\sqrt{10}}{2}\\times \\sqrt{10}= \\frac{5}{2}.$\n$|P_2Q_2|=\\sqrt{130},直线 P_2Q_2 的方程为 y= \\frac{7}{9}x+\\frac{10}{3},点 A 到直线 P_2Q_2 的距离为 \\frac{\\sqrt{130}}{26},故 \\triangle AP_2Q_2 的面积为 \\frac{1}{2}\\times \\frac{\\sqrt{130}}{26}\\times \\sqrt{130}= \\frac{5}{2}.$\n$综上,\\triangle APQ的面积为 \\frac{5}{2}.$\n\n解法二:\n$不妨设 P, Q 在 x 轴上方,过点 P 作 x 轴的垂线,垂足为 M,设直线 x=6 与 x 轴交点为 N,根据题意画出图形,如图.$\n\n$由题知 |B_P|=|BQ|,BP\\perp BQ,\\angle PMB=\\angle QNB=90^\\circ ,$\n$又\\because \\angle PMB+\\angle BQN=90^\\circ ,\\angle QNB+\\angle BQN=90^\\circ ,$\n$\\therefore \\angle PMB=\\angle BQN,$\n$\\therefore \\triangle PM \\cong \\triangle BNQ (AAS),$\n$由已知得 B(5,0),$\n$\\therefore |PM|=|BN|=6-5=1.$\n$设 P(x_P, y_P),可得 y_P=1,将其��入 \\frac{x^2}{25} + \\frac{16y^2}{25}=1,解得 x_P=3 或 -3,\\therefore P(3,1) 或 P(-3,1).$\n$①当点 P 为 (3,1) 时,|MB|=5-3=2,$\n$\\because \\triangle PMB \\cong \\triangle BNQ,\\therefore |MB|=|NQ|=2,可得点 Q 的坐标为 (6,2),$\n$由 A(-5,0), Q(6,2),可求得直线 AQ 的方程为 2x-11y+10=0,根据点到直线的距离公式可得点 P 到直线 AQ 的距离为 \\frac{|2\\times 3-11\\times 1+10|}{\\sqrt{2^2+{11}^2}}=\\frac{|5|}{\\sqrt{125}}=\\frac{\\sqrt{5}}{5},根据两点间距离公式可得 |AQ|=\\sqrt{{(6+5)}^2+{(2-0)}^2}=5\\sqrt{5},$\n$\\therefore \\triangle APQ的面积为 \\frac{1}{2}\\times 5\\sqrt{5}\\times \\frac{\\sqrt{5}}{5}= \\frac{5}{2}.$\n$②当点 P 为 (-3,1) 时,|MB|=5+3=8,$\n$\\because \\triangle PMB \\cong \\triangle BNQ,\\therefore |MB|=|NQ|=8,可得点 Q 的坐标为 (6,8),$\n$由 A(-5,0), Q(6,8),可求得直线 AQ 的方程为 8x-11y+40=0,$\n$根据点到直线的距离公式可得点 P 到直线 AQ 的距离为 \\frac{|8\\times (-3)-11\\times 1+40|}{\\sqrt{8^2+{11}^2}}=\\frac{|5|}{\\sqrt{185}}=\\frac{5}{\\sqrt{185}},$\n$根据两点间距离公式可得 |AQ|=\\sqrt{{(6+5)}^2+{(8-0)}^2}=\\sqrt{185},$\n$\\therefore \\triangle APQ的面积为 \\frac{1}{2}\\times \\sqrt{185}\\times \\frac{5}{\\sqrt{185}}=\\frac{5}{2}.$\n$综上,\\triangle APQ的面积为 \\frac{5}{2}.$'] ['$\\frac{5}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +752 "$已知椭圆C:x^{2}+3y^{2}=3. 过点D(1,0)且不过点E(2,1)的直线与椭圆C交于A,B两点,直线AE与直线x=3交于点M.$ +求椭圾圆C的离心率;" ['$椭圆C的标准方程为\\frac{x^2}{3}+y^2=1. $\n$所以a= \\sqrt{3}, b=1, c= \\sqrt{2}. $\n\n$所以椭圆C的离心率e= \\frac{c}{a}= \\frac{\\sqrt{6}}{3}.$'] ['$\\frac{\\sqrt{6}}{3}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +753 "$已知椭圆C:x^{2}+3y^{2}=3. 过点D(1,0)且不过点E(2,1)的直线与椭圆C交于A,B两点,直线AE与直线x=3交于点M.$ +$若AB垂直于x轴,求直线BM的斜率;$" ['$因为直线AB过点D(1,0)且垂直于x轴,所以可设A(1,y_1),B(1,-y_1).$\n\n$直线AE的方程为y-1=(1-y_1)(x-2).$\n\n$令x=3,得M(3,2-y_1).所以直线BM的斜率k_{BM}=\\frac{2-y_1+y_1}{3-1}=1.$'] ['$1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +754 "$已知椭圆E:\frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (a > b > 0) 的一个顶点为A(0,1),焦距为 2\sqrt{3}。$ +$过点P(-2,1)作斜率为k的直线与椭圆E交于不同的两点B,C,直线AB,AC分别与x轴交于点M,N。当|MN|=2时,求k的值.$" ['$过点P且斜率为k的直线方程为y-1=k(x+2),设B(x_1,y_1),C(x_2,y_2),$\n\n联立直线和椭圆E的方程得\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\ny-1=k(x+2),\\\\ \n\\frac{x^2}{4}+y^2=1,\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n\n$可得(1+4k^2)x^2+(16k^2+8k)x+16k^2+16k=0,由\\Delta >0可得(16k^2+8k)^2-4(1+4k^2)(16k^2+16k)>0,解得k<0,$\n\n$根据根与系数的关系可得x_1+x_2=$\n\n$$\n\\frac{-16k^2-8k}{1+4k^2}\n$$\n\n$x_1x_2=$\n\n$$\n\\frac{16k^2+16k}{1+4k^2}\n$$\n\n$直线AB的斜率k_AB=$\n\n$$\n\\frac{y_1-1}{x_1}\n$$\n\n则直线AB的方程为y=\n\n$$\n\\frac{(y_1-1)x}{x_1}\n$$\n\n$+1,令y=0,可得点M的横坐标x_M=$\n\n$$\n\\frac{x_1}{1-y_1}\n$$\n\n$同理可得点N的横坐标x_N=$\n\n$$\n\\frac{x_2}{1-y_2}\n$$\n\n则|MN|=\n\n$$\n\\left|\\frac{x_1}{1-y_1}-\\frac{x_2}{1-y_2}\\right|\n$$\n\n=\n\n$$\n\\left|\\frac{x_1}{-k(x_1+2)}-\\frac{x_2}{-k(x_2+2)}\\right|\n$$\n\n=\n\n$$\n\\left|\\frac{1}{k}\\left(\\frac{x_2}{x_2+2}-\\frac{x_1}{x_1+2}\\right)\\right|\n$$\n\n=\n\n$$\n\\left|\\frac{1}{k}\\cdot \\frac{x_2(x_1+2)-x_1(x_2+2)}{x_1x_2+2(x_1+x_2)+4}\\right|\n$$\n\n=\n\n$$\n\\left|\\frac{1}{k}\\cdot \\frac{2\\sqrt{(x_1+x_2)^2-4x_1x_2}}{x_1x_2+2(x_1+x_2)+4}\\right|\n$$\n\n=2.\n\n所以\n\n$$\n\\left|\\frac{1}{k}\\cdot \\frac{2\\sqrt{\\left(\\frac{-16k^2-8k}{1+4k^2}\\right)^2-4\\cdot \\frac{16k^2+16k}{1+4k^2}}}{\\frac{16k^2+16k}{1+4k^2}+2\\cdot \\frac{-16k^2-8k}{1+4k^2}+4}\\right|\n$$\n\n=2, \n\n化简可得\n\n$$\n\\left|\\frac{\\sqrt{-k}}{k}\\right|\n$$\n\n=\n\n$$\n\\frac{1}{2}\n$$\n\n解得k=-4,\n\n故k的值为-4.'] ['$k=-4$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +755 "$已知A, B, C是椭圆W:\frac{x^2}{4} + y^2 = 1 上的三个点,O是坐标原点.$ +当点B是W的右顶点,且四边形OABC为菱形时,求此菱形的面积;" ['$椭圆W: \\frac{x^2}{4} + y^2 = 1 的右顶点B的坐标为(2,0).因为四边形 OABC 为菱形,$\n\n所以 AC 与 OB 相互垂直平分.\n\n$所以可设 A (1,m),代入椭圆方程得 \\frac{1}{4} + m^2 = 1 ,$\n\n$解得 m =\\pm \\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2} . 所以菱形 OABC 的面积是 \\frac{1}{2} |OB|\\cdot |AC| = \\frac{1}{2} \\times 2\\times 2|m| = \\sqrt{3} .$'] ['$\\sqrt{3}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +756 "$已知椭圆 C:x^2+2y^2=4.$ +求椭圆C的离心率;" ['$由题意知,椭圆C的标准方程为 x^2/4 + y^2/2 = 1。所以 a^2 = 4,b^2 = 2,从而 c^2 = a^2 - b^2 = 2。因此 a = 2,c = \\sqrt{2}。故椭圆C的离心率 e = c/a = \\sqrt{2}/2。$'] ['$\\sqrt{2}/2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +757 "$已知直线x-2y+1=0与抛物线C:y^2=2px(p>0)交于A,B两点,|AB|=4\sqrt{15}.$ +求p;" ['$设A(x_1,y_1),B(x_2,y_2),$\n由\n\n$$\n\\begin{align*}\nx-2y+1=0,\\\\ \ny^2=2px\n\\end{align*}\n$$\n\n$消去x得y^2-4py+2p=0,$\n$\\because 直线与抛物线有两个交点A,B,\\therefore \\Delta =16p^2-8p>0,$\n$解得p>\\frac{1}{2}或p<0(舍).$\n由根与系数的关系可知,\n$y_1+y_2=4p,y_1y_2=2p,\\therefore |AB|= \\sqrt{1+\\frac{1}{k^2}}|y_1-y_2|=\\sqrt{1+4}\\cdot \\sqrt{(y_1+y_2)^2-4y_1y_2}=\\sqrt{5}\\cdot \\sqrt{16p^2-8p}=4\\sqrt{15}.$\n$解得p=2或p=-\\frac{3}{2}(舍).$\n$\\therefore p=2.$'] ['$p=2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +758 "$已知直线x-2y+1=0与抛物线C:y^2=2px(p>0)交于A,B两点,|AB|=4\sqrt{15}.$ +$设F为C的焦点,M,N为C上两点,且\overrightarrow{FM}\cdot \overrightarrow{FN}=0,求\triangle MFN面积的最小值.$" ['$由(1)知,抛物线的焦点为F(1,0).$\n\n$由题意知直线MN的斜率不可能为0,$\n$\\therefore 设MN的方程为x=my+t,M(x_3,y_3),N(x_4,y_4),$\n联立\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x=my+t,\\\\ y^2=4x,\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n$消去x得y^2-4my-4t=0,$\n$\\therefore \\Delta=16m^2+16t>0,即m^2+t>0,$\n$由根与系数的关系得y_3+y_4=4m,y_3y_4=-4t,$\n$\\because \\overrightarrow{FM}\\cdot\\overrightarrow{FN}=0,\\therefore (x_3-1,y_3)(x_4-1,y_4)=0,$\n$即(x_3-1)(x_4-1)+y_3y_4=(my_3+t-1)(my_4+t-1)+y_3y_4$\n$=(m^2+1)y_3y_4+m(t-1)(y_3+y_4)+(t-1)^2$\n$=(m^2+1)(-4t)+m(t-1)\\cdot 4m+(t-1)^2=0,$\n$即-4m^2t-4t+4m^2t-4m^2+t^2-2t+1=0,$\n$即4m^2=t^2-6t+1.$\n$设F到MN的距离为d,则d=\\frac{|t-1|}{\\sqrt{1+m^2}},$\n$又|MN|=\\sqrt{1+m^2}|y_3-y_4|=\\sqrt{1+m^2}\\sqrt{(y_3+y_4)^2-4y_3y_4}=\\sqrt{1+m^2}\\sqrt{16m^2+16t}=4\\sqrt{1+m^2}\\sqrt{m^2+t},$\n$\\therefore S_{\\triangle MFN}=\\frac{1}{2}|MN|\\cdot d=\\frac{1}{2}\\times4\\sqrt{1+m^2}\\sqrt{m^2+t}\\frac{|t-1|}{\\sqrt{1+m^2}}=2\\sqrt{m^2+t}|t-1|=\\sqrt{4m^2+4t}|t-1|$\n$=\\sqrt{t^2-2t+1}|t-1|=(t-1)^2.$\n$\\because 4m^2=t^2-6t+1\\geq0,解得t\\leq3-2\\sqrt{2}或t\\geq3+2\\sqrt{2},$\n$\\therefore 当且仅当t=3-2\\sqrt{2}时,S_{\\triangle MFN}取得最小值12-8\\sqrt{2}.$\n$即\\triangle MFN面积的最小值为12-8\\sqrt{2}.$'] ['$12-8\\sqrt{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +759 "$已知椭圆C:\frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1过点A(-2,0),其右焦点为F(1,0).$ +$设P为椭圆C上一动点(不在x轴上),M为AP中点,过原点O作AP的平行线,与直线x=t(t>1)交于点Q.问t能否为定值,使得OM\perp FQ?若是定值,求出该t值;若不是定值,请说明理由.$" ['$能.设P(x_0,y_0)(y_0\\neq 0),则M(\\frac{x_0-2}{2},\\frac{y_0}{2}),k_{AP}=\\frac{y_0}{x_0+2},$\n$所以过原点O与AP平行的直线的方程为y=\\frac{y_0}{x_0+2}x,$\n$所以Q(t,\\frac{ty_0}{x_0+2}),$\n$所以k_{OM}=\\frac{y_0}{x_0-2},k_{FQ}=\\frac{\\frac{ty_0}{x_0+2}}{t-1}=\\frac{ty_0}{(t-1)(x_0+2)},$\n$所以k_{OM}\\cdot k_{FQ}=\\frac{y_0}{x_0-2}\\cdot \\frac{ty_0}{(t-1)(x_0+2)}=\\frac{ty^2_0}{(t-1)(x^2_0-4)},$\n$因为\\frac{x^2_0}{4}+\\frac{y^2_0}{3}=1,所以y^2_0=3(1-\\frac{x^2_0}{4})=\\frac{3(4-x^2_0)}{4},$\n$假设存在t能为定值,使得OM\\perp FQ,$\n$所以k_{OM}\\cdot k_{FQ}=\\frac{ty^2_0}{(t-1)(x^2_0-4)}=\\frac{t\\cdot \\frac{3(4-x^2_0)}{4}}{(t-1)(x^2_0-4)}=\\frac{3t}{4(1-t)}=-1,解得t=4,$\n$所以t能为定值,使得OM\\perp FQ,此时t=4。$'] ['$t=4$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +760 "$已知椭圆E: \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} =1 (a>b>0) 的一个顶点为A(0,1),焦距为2.$ +$过点 P (2,0)的直线与椭圆 E 交于 B ,C 两点,过点 B ,C 分别作直线 l :x =t 的垂线(点 B ,C 在直线 l 的两侧).垂足分别为 M ,N ,记\triangle BMP ,\triangle MNP ,\triangle CNP 的面积分别为 S_1 ,S_2 ,S_3 ,试问:是否存在常数 t ,使得 S_1 ,\frac{1}{2} S_2 ,S_3 总成等比数列?若存在,求出 t 的值.若不存在,请说明理由.$" ['$存在.由已知得,直线BC的斜率存在,且B,C在x轴的同侧,设直线BC的方程为y=k(x-2),B(x_1,y_1),C(x_2,y_2),y_1y_2>0,不妨令x_10,x1+x2=\\frac{8k^2}{1+2k^2},x1x2=\\frac{8k^2-2}{1+2k^2},$\n\n$因为S1=\\frac{1}{2}(t-x1)|y1|,S2=\\frac{1}{2}(2-t)|y2-y1|,S3=\\frac{1}{2}(x2-t)|y2|,$\n\n$所以S1\\cdot S3=\\frac{1}{4}(x2-t)(t-x1)|y1y2|$\n$=\\frac{1}{4}(x2-t)(t-x1)y1y2$\n$=\\frac{1}{4}k^2(x2-t)(t-x1)(x1-2)(x2-2)$\n$=\\frac{1}{4}k^2[t(x1+x2)-x1x2-t^2]\\cdot [x1x2-2(x1+x2)+4]$\n$=\\frac{1}{4}k^2(\\frac{8k^2t}{1+2k^2}-\\frac{8k^2-2}{1+2k^2}-t^2)\\cdot (\\frac{8k^2-2}{1+2k^2}-\\frac{16k^2}{1+2k^2}+4)$\n$=\\frac{k^2}{2(1+2k^2)^2}[-2k^2(t-2)^2-t^2+2],$\n\n$\\frac{1}{4}S2^2=\\frac{1}{16}(2-t)^2(y2-y1)^2=\\frac{1}{16}k^2(2-t)^2(x2-x1)^2$\n$=\\frac{1}{16}k^2(t-2)^2[(x2+x1)^2-4x1x2]$\n$=\\frac{1}{16}k^2(t-2)^2[\\left(\\frac{8k^2}{1+2k^2}\\right)^2-\\frac{32k^2-8}{1+2k^2}]$\n$=\\frac{k^2}{2(1+2k^2)^2}[-2k^2(t-2)^2+(t-2)^2],$\n\n$要使S_1,\\frac{1}{2}S_2,S_3总成等比数列,则应有-t^2+2=(t-2)^2,解得t=1,$\n\n$所以存在t=1,使得S1,\\frac{1}{2}S_2,S_3总成等比数列.$'] ['$t=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +761 "$已知椭圆 E : \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} =1 (a > b >0)的短轴长为2 \sqrt{2},一个焦点为 F_1 (-2,0).$ +$设直线l:x - my -2 = 0与椭圆E交于两点A, B,点M在线段AB上,点F_1关于点M的对称点为C.当四边形AF_1BC的面积最大时,求m的值.$" ['$设椭圆E的另一个焦点为F_2(2,0),则直线l过点F_2.$\n\n由\n\n\\[\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\nx=my+2,\\\\\nx^2+3y^2=6\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\\]\n\n$消去y得(m^2+3)y^2+4my-2=0.$\n\n$设A(x_1, y_1), B(x_2, y_2), 则y_1+y_2=-\\frac{4m}{m^2+3},y_1y_2=-\\frac{2}{m^2+3}.$\n\n$因为点M为线段F_1C的中点,所以点F_1和点C到直线AB的距离相等,$\n\n$所以四边形AF_1BC的面积为\\triangle F_1AB面积的2倍.$\n\n$又y_1y_2=-\\frac{2}{m^2+3}<0,$\n\n$所以S_{四边形AF_1BC}=2\\cdot S_{\\triangle F_1AB} = 2\\times \\frac{1}{2} \\cdot |F_1F_2|\\cdot (|y_1|+|y_2|)$\n\n$=4|y_1-y_2|=4\\sqrt{{(y_1+y_2)}^2-4y_1y_2}.$\n\n$所以S_{四边形AF_1BC}=4\\sqrt{\\frac{16m^2}{{(m^2+3)}^2}+\\frac{8}{m^2+3}}=8\\sqrt{6}\\sqrt{\\frac{m^2+1}{{(m^2+3)}^2}},$\n\n$设t=m^2+1,则t\\geq 1.$\n\n$所以S_{四边形AF_1BC}=8\\sqrt{6}\\sqrt{\\frac{t}{{(t+2)}^2}}=8\\sqrt{6}\\sqrt{\\frac{1}{t+\\frac{4}{t}+4}}\\leq 4\\sqrt{3},$\n\n$当且仅当t=2,即m=\\pm 1时,等号成立,此时S_{四边形AF_1BC}=4\\sqrt{3}.$\n\n$所以四边形AF_1BC的面积最大时,m=\\pm 1.$'] ['$m=\\pm 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +762 "$已知点(1,\frac{3}{2})在椭圆E:\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)上,且E的离心率为\frac{1}{2}.$ +$设 F 为椭圆 E 的右焦点,点 P(m,n) 是 E 上的任意一点,直线 PF 与直线 3mx+4ny=0 相交于点 Q ,求 |PQ| 的值.$" ['$由(1)得F(1,0).因为点P(m,n)是椭圆E上的任意一点,所以3m^2+4n^2=12,-2\\leq m\\leq 2.$\n\n$①当m=1时,点P \\left(1,-\\frac{3}{2}\\right) 或 P \\left(1,\\frac{3}{2}\\right). $\n\n$当点P为\\left(1,-\\frac{3}{2}\\right)时,直线PF与直线x-2y=0相交于点Q\\left(1,\\frac{1}{2}\\right).此时|PQ|=2.$\n\n$当点P为\\left(1,\\frac{3}{2}\\right)时,直线PF与直线x+2y=0相交于点Q\\left(1,-\\frac{1}{2}\\right).此时|PQ|=2.$\n\n$②当m \\neq 1时,直线PF的方程为y\\frac{n}{m-1}(x-1).$\n\n$由\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}y=\\frac{n}{m-1}(x-1),\\\\ 3mx+4ny=0\\end{matrix}\\right.解得\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x=\\frac{4n^2}{12-3m},\\\\ y=\\frac{-mn}{4-m}.\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n\n$所以点Q\\left(\\frac{4n^2}{12-3m},\\frac{-mn}{4-m}\\right). $\n\n$所以|PQ|^2=\\left(m-\\frac{4n^2}{12-3m}\\right)^2 +\\left(n-\\frac{-mn}{4-m}\\right)^2 = \\left(\\frac{12m-3m^2-4n^2}{12-3m}\\right)^2 +\\left(\\frac{4n-mn+mn}{4-m}\\right)^2 = \\left(\\frac{4m-4}{4-m}\\right)^2 +\\left(\\frac{4n}{4-m}\\right)^2 =\\frac{{(4m-4)}^2+16n^2}{{(4-m)}^2}=\\frac{{(4m-4)}^2+4(12-3m^2)}{{(4-m)}^2}=\\frac{4(m^2-8m+16)}{{(4-m)}^2}=4.$\n\n$所以|PQ|=2.$\n\n$综上,|PQ|=2.$'] ['$2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +763 "$已知椭圆C:{\frac{x^2}{a^2}} + {\frac{y^2}{b^2}} = 1 (a > b > 0) 的一个焦点为 F (1,0),且过点 {\left(1,\frac{3}{2}\right)}.$ +$过点P(4,0)且与x轴不重合的直线l与椭圆C交于A,B两点,与直线x=1交于点Q,点M满足MP\perp x轴,MB\parallel x轴,试求直线MA的斜率与直线MQ的斜率的比值.$" ['$由题意可得AB的斜率存在且不为零,$\n\n$设直线AB:y=k(x-4),A(x_1,y_1),B(x_2,y_2),则M(4,y_2),$\n\n由\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}y=k(x-4),\\\\ x=1\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n\n$可得Q(1, -3k),$\n\n故\n\n$\\frac{k_{MA}}{k_{MQ}}=\\frac{\\frac{y_2-y_1}{4-x_1}}{\\frac{y_2+3k}{4-1}}=3\\times \\frac{y_2-y_1}{(y_2+3k)(4-x_1)}=3\\times \\frac{x_2-x_1}{(x_2-1)(4-x_1)}=-3\\times \\frac{x_2-x_1}{x_1x_2-x_1-4x_2+4},$\n\n由\n\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}y=k(x-4),\\\\ 3x^2+4y^2=12\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n\n$可得 (3+4k^2)x^2 -32k^2x +64k^2 -12=0$\n\n$故\\Delta= 4(36-144k^2)>0,解得-\\frac{1}{2}(含40岁)|1|-|35|-|$ +|40岁以上|6|26|-|45| + +假设用频率估计概率,且每位教师对“人工智能助力教学”作用的认识相互独立。 +估计该地区中小学教师中认为人工智能对于教学“没有帮助”的人数;" ['完善表格,\n\n| | 观点 | 人数 | 类别 | 没有帮助 | 有一些帮助 | 很有帮助 | 合计 |\n|:-----:|:------:|:------:|:------:|:--------:|:----------:|:--------:|:-----:|\n| 性别 | 男 | 2 | 10 | 8 | 20 |\n| | 女 | 5 | 35 | 40 | 80 |\n$| 年龄 | 40岁以下(含40岁) | 1 | 19 | 35 | 55 |$\n| | 40岁以上 | 6 | 26 | 13 | 45 |\n\n$可以得到100名教师中,认为人工智能对于教学“没有帮助”的频率为 \\frac{7}{100} ,因为 2 000\\times \\frac{7}{100}=140, 所以估计该地区中小学教师中认为人工智能对于教学“没有帮助”的人数为140.$'] ['$140$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +766 "某地区教育研究部门为了解当前本地区中小学教师在教育教学中运用人工智能的态度、经验、困难等情况,从该地区2000名中小学教师中随机抽取100名进行了访谈.在整理访谈结果的过程中,统计他们对“人工智能助力教学”作用的认识,得到的部分数据如下表所示: + +|观点类别|没有帮助|有一些帮助|很有帮助|合计| +|---|---|---|---|---| +|男|2|10|-|20| +|女|-|35|40|80| +$|40岁以下
(含40岁)|1|-|35|-|$ +|40岁以上|6|26|-|45| + +假设用频率估计概率,且每位教师对“人工智能助力教学”作用的认识相互独立。 +现按性别进行分层抽样,从该地区抽取了5名教师,求这5名教师中恰有1人认为人工智能对于教学“很有帮助”的概率;" ['男女比例为20:80=1:4,故抽取的5名教师中,有1名男教师,4名女教师。\n\n$用频率估计概率,估计该地区中小学教师中男教师认为对于教学“很有帮助”的概率为\\frac{8}{20}=\\frac{2}{5}。$\n\n$女教师认为对于教学“很有帮助”的概率为\\frac{40}{80}=\\frac{1}{2},$\n\n$则这5名教师中恰有1名男教师认为人工智能对于教学“很有帮助”的概率为\\frac{2}{5}\\times \\left(1-\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^4=\\frac{1}{40}(独立事件用概率乘法公式)。$\n\n$恰有1名女教师认为人工智能对于教学“很有帮助”的概率为\\left(1-\\frac{2}{5}\\right)\\times C^1_4\\times \\frac{1}{2}\\times \\left(1-\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^3=\\frac{3}{20},$\n\n$所以这5名教师中恰有1人认为人工智能对于教学“很有帮助”的概率为\\frac{1}{40}+\\frac{3}{20}=\\frac{7}{40}(互斥事件用概率加法公式).$'] ['$\\frac{7}{40}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +767 "近年来,人们的支付方式发生了巨大转变,使用移动支付购买商品已成为部分人的消费习惯.某企业为了解该企业员工A,B两种支付方式的使用情况,随机抽取了600名男员工、400名女员工,统计了他们的消费习惯,获得数据如下表: + +| | 男员工 | | | 女员工 | | | +|-------|------------|------------|------------|------------|------------|------------| +| | 经常使用 | 偶尔使用 | 从不使用 | 经常使用 | 偶尔使用 | 从不使用 | +| 方式A | 200名 | 300名 | 100名 | 300名 | 100名 | 0 | +| 方式B | 350名 | 150名 | 100名 | 150名 | 150名 | 100名 | +分别估算该企业男、女员工从不使用方式B的概率;" ['$该企业男员工从不使用方式B的概率为\\frac{100}{600}=\\frac{1}{6};该企业女员工从不使用方式B的概率为\\frac{100}{400}=\\frac{1}{4}.$'] ['$\\frac{1}{6},\\frac{1}{4}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +768 "近年来,人们的支付方式发生了巨大转变,使用移动支付购买商品已成为部分人的消费习惯.某企业为了解该企业员工A,B两种支付方式的使用情况,随机抽取了600名男员工、400名女员工,统计了他们的消费习惯,获得数据如下表: + +| | 男员工 | | | 女员工 | | | +|-------|------------|------------|------------|------------|------------|------------| +| | 经常使用 | 偶尔使用 | 从不使用 | 经常使用 | 偶尔使用 | 从不使用 | +| 方式A | 200名 | 300名 | 100名 | 300名 | 100名 | 0 | +| 方式B | 350名 | 150名 | 100名 | 150名 | 150名 | 100名 | +从该企业全体男员工中随机抽取2人,全体女员工中随机抽取1人,估算这3人中恰有2人经常使用方式A的概率." ['$该企业男员工经常使用方式A的概率为\\frac{200}{600}=\\frac{1}{3};$\n\n$该企业女员工经常使用方式A的概率为\\frac{300}{400}=\\frac{3}{4}.$\n\n$抽取的3人中,两名男员工经常使用方式A,且女员工不经常使用方式A的概率为\\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^2\\times \\left(1-\\frac{3}{4}\\right)=\\frac{1}{36},$\n\n$抽取的3人中,有一名男员工经常使用方式A,且女员工经常使用方式A的概率为C^1_2\\times \\frac{1}{3}\\times \\left(1-\\frac{1}{3}\\right)\\times \\frac{3}{4}=\\frac{1}{3},$\n\n$所以3人中恰有2人经常使用方式A的概率为\\frac{1}{36}+\\frac{1}{3}=\\frac{13}{36}.$'] ['$\\frac{13}{36}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +769 "$某地经过多年的环境治理,已将荒山改造成了绿水青山.为估计一林区某种树木的总材积量,随机选取了10棵这种树木,测量每棵树的根部横截面积(单位:m^2)和材积量(单位:m^3),得到如下数据:$ + +| 样本号i | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | +| ------- | ----- | ---- | ------ | ------ | ------ | ------ | +|$ 根部横截面积x_i$|0.04|0.06|0.04|0.08|0.08|0.05| +|$材积量y_i$|0.25|0.40|0.22|0.54|0.51|0.34| + +| 样本号i | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 总和 | +| ------------------ | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | +| $ 根部横截面积x_i$ | 0.05 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.6 | +| $材积量y_i$ | 0.36 | 0.46 | 0.42 | 0.42 | 3.9 | + +$并计算得\sum \limits^{10}_{i=1}x_i^2=0.038,\sum \limits^{10}_{i=1}y_i^2=1.615 8,\sum \limits^{10}_{i=1}x_iy_i=0.247 4.$ + +$附:相关系数r=\frac{\sum \limits^{n}_{i=1}(x_i-\overline{x})(y_i-\overline{y})}{\sqrt{\sum \limits^{n}_{i=1}(x_i-\overline{x})^2\sum \limits^{n}_{i=1}(y_i-\overline{y})^2}},\sqrt{1.896}\approx 1.377.$ +估计该林区这种树木平均一棵的根部横截面积与平均一棵的材积量;" ['$估计该林区这种树木平均一棵的根部横截面积为\\overline{x}=\\frac{0.6}{10}=0.06(m^2),$\n$平均一棵的材积量为\\overline{y}=\\frac{3.9}{10}=0.39(m^3).$'] ['$\\overline{x}=0.06, \\overline{y}=0.39$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True m^2, m^3 Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +770 "$某地经过多年的环境治理,已将荒山改造成了绿水青山.为估计一林区某种树木的总材积量,随机选取了10棵这种树木,测量每棵树的根部横截面积(单位:m^2)和材积量(单位:m^3),得到如下数据:$ + +| 样本号i | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | +| ------- | ----- | ---- | ------ | ------ | ------ | ------ | +|$ 根部横截面积x_i$|0.04|0.06|0.04|0.08|0.08|0.05| +|$材积量y_i$|0.25|0.40|0.22|0.54|0.51|0.34| + +| 样本号i | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 总和 | +| ------------------ | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | +| $ 根部横截面积x_i$ | 0.05 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.6 | +| $材积量y_i$ | 0.36 | 0.46 | 0.42 | 0.42 | 3.9 | + +$并计算得\sum \limits^{10}_{i=1}x_i^2=0.038,\sum \limits^{10}_{i=1}y_i^2=1.615 8,\sum \limits^{10}_{i=1}x_iy_i=0.247 4.$ + +$附:相关系数r=\frac{\sum \limits^{n}_{i=1}(x_i-\overline{x})(y_i-\overline{y})}{\sqrt{\sum \limits^{n}_{i=1}(x_i-\overline{x})^2\sum \limits^{n}_{i=1}(y_i-\overline{y})^2}},\sqrt{1.896}\approx 1.377.$ +求该林区这种树木的根部横截面积与材积量的样本相关系数(精确到0.01);" ['$样本相关系数r=\\frac{\\sum \\limits^{10}_{i=1}(x_i-\\overline{x})(y_i-\\overline{y})}{\\sqrt{\\sum \\limits^{10}_{i=1}(x_i-\\overline{x})^2\\sum \\limits^{10}_{i=1}(y_i-\\overline{y})^2}}$\n\n$=\\frac{\\sum \\limits^{10}_{i=1}x_iy_i-10\\overline{x}\\overline{y}}{\\sqrt{(\\sum \\limits^{10}_{i=1}x^2_i-10\\overline{x}^2)(\\sum \\limits^{10}_{i=1}y^2_i-10\\overline{y}^2)}}$\n\n$=\\frac{0.247 4-10\\times 0.06\\times 0.39}{\\sqrt{(0.038-10\\times 0.06^2)(1.615 8-10\\times 0.39^2)}}$\n\n$=\\frac{0.013 4}{\\sqrt{0.002\\times 0.094 8}}=\\frac{0.013 4}{0.01\\sqrt{1.896}}$\n\n$\\approx \\frac{0.013 4}{0.013 77}\\approx 0.97.$\n\n即该林区这种树木的根部横截面积与材积量的样本相关系数约为0.97.'] ['0.97'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +771 "$某地经过多年的环境治理,已将荒山改造成了绿水青山.为估计一林区某种树木的总材积量,随机选取了10棵这种树木,测量每棵树的根部横截面积(单位:m^2)和材积量(单位:m^3),得到如下数据:$ + +| 样本号i | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | +| ------- | ----- | ---- | ------ | ------ | ------ | ------ | +|$ 根部横截面积x_i$|0.04|0.06|0.04|0.08|0.08|0.05| +|$材积量y_i$|0.25|0.40|0.22|0.54|0.51|0.34| + +| 样本号i | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 总和 | +| ------------------ | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | +| $ 根部横截面积x_i$ | 0.05 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.6 | +| $材积量y_i$ | 0.36 | 0.46 | 0.42 | 0.42 | 3.9 | + +$并计算得\sum \limits^{10}_{i=1}x_i^2=0.038,\sum \limits^{10}_{i=1}y_i^2=1.615 8,\sum \limits^{10}_{i=1}x_iy_i=0.247 4.$ + +$附:相关系数r=\frac{\sum \limits^{n}_{i=1}(x_i-\overline{x})(y_i-\overline{y})}{\sqrt{\sum \limits^{n}_{i=1}(x_i-\overline{x})^2\sum \limits^{n}_{i=1}(y_i-\overline{y})^2}},\sqrt{1.896}\approx 1.377.$ +现测量了该林区所有这种树木的根部横截面积,并得到所有这种树木的根部横截面积总和为186 m^2.已知树木的材积量与其根部横截面积近似成正比.利用以上数据给出该林区这种树木的总材积量的估计值." ['设这种树木的根部横截总面积为$X m^2,总材积量为Y m^3$,则\n\n$\\frac{X}{Y} = \\frac{\\overline{x}}{\\overline{y}}$\n\n则Y=\n\n$\\frac{X \\cdot \\overline{y}}{\\overline{x}} = \\frac{186 \\times 0.39}{0.06} = 1209$\n\n所以该林区这种树木的总材积量的估计值为1209 m^3。'] ['1209'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False m^3 Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +772 "$在第75届联合国大会上,中国承诺将采取更加有力的政策和措施,力争于2030年之前使二氧化碳的排放达到峰值,努力争取2060年之前实现碳中和(简称“双碳目标”),此举展现了我国应对气候变化的坚定决心,预示着中国经济结构和经济社会运转方式将产生深刻变革,极大促进我国产业链的清洁化和绿色化.新能源汽车、电动汽车是重要的战略新兴产业,对于实现“双碳目标”具有重要的作用.为了解某一地区电动汽车销售情况,一机构根据统计数据,用最小二乘法得到电动汽车销量y(单位:万台)关于x(年份)的线性回归方程为y=4.7x-9,459.2,且销量y的方差为s^{2}_{y}=\frac{254}{5},年份x的方差为s^{2}_{x}=2。$ + +$参考数据:\sqrt{5\times 127}=\sqrt{635}\approx 25.$ +求y与x的相关系数r,并据此判断电动汽车销量y与年份x的相关性强弱;" ['$相关系数为r = $\n$\\frac{\\sum \\limits^{n}_{i=1}(x_i-\\overline{x})(y_i-\\overline{y})}{\\sqrt{\\sum \\limits^{n}_{i=1}{(x_i-\\overline{x})}^2\\sum \\limits^{n}_{i=1}{(y_i-\\overline{y})}^2}}$\n= \n$\\frac{\\sum \\limits^{n}_{i=1}(x_i-\\overline{x})(y_i-\\overline{y})}{\\sum \\limits^{n}_{i=1}{(x_i-\\overline{x})}^2}$\n$\\cdot $\n$\\frac{\\sqrt{\\sum \\limits^{n}_{i=1}{(x_i-\\overline{x})}^2}}{\\sqrt{\\sum \\limits^{n}_{i=1}{(y_i-\\overline{y})}^2}}$\n$= \\hat{b}$\n$\\cdot \\frac{\\sqrt{ns^2_x}}{\\sqrt{ns^2_y}} = \\hat{b}$\n$\\cdot \\frac{\\sqrt{s^2_x}}{\\sqrt{s^2_y}}$\n$=4.7\\times \\sqrt{\\frac{10}{254}}$\n$=\\frac{47}{\\sqrt{10}\\times \\sqrt{254}}$\n$=\\frac{47}{2\\sqrt{635}}$\n$\\approx \\frac{47}{50}$\n$=0.94>0.9,故y与x线性相关性较强.$'] ['$0.94$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +773 "$网络直播带货助力乡村振兴,它作为一种新颖的销售土特产的方式,受到社会各界的追捧.某直播间开展地标优品带货直播活动,其主播直播周期数x(其中10场为一个周期)与产品销售额y(千元)的数据统计如下:$ + +| 直播周期数x | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | +| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | +| 产品销售额y(千元) | 3 | 7 | 15 | 30 | 40 | + +根据数据特点,甲认为样本点分布在指数型曲线y=2^(bx+a)的周围,据此他对数据进行了一些初步处理.如下表: + +| $\overline{z}$ | $\sum \limits^{5}_{{i=1}}x^2_i$ | $\sum \limits^{5}_{{i=1}}x_iy_i$ | $\sum \limits^{5}_{{i=1}}x_iz_i$ | $\sum \limits^{5}_{{i=1}}(y_i-\overline{y})^2$ | $\sum \limits^{5}_{{i=1}}(y_i-\hat{y}_i)^2$ | +| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | +| 3.7 | 55 | 382 | 65 | 978 | 101 | + +$其中z_i=log2y_i,\overline{z}=\frac{1}{5}\sum \limits^{5}_{{i=1}}z_i.$ + +$附:对于一组数据(u1,v1),(u2,v2),\ldots ,(un,vn),相关指数R^2=1-\frac{\sum \limits^{n}_{{i=1}}(v_i-\hat{v}_i)^2}{\sum \limits^{n}_{{i=1}}(v_i-\overline{v})^2}.$ +$由(2)所得的结论,计算该直播间欲使产品销售额达到8万元以上,直播周期数至少为多少?(最终答案精确到1)$" [': \n\n由(2)知,乙建立的回归模型拟合效果更好.\n\n$由9.7x-10.1>80,解得x>9.29,\\therefore 直播周期数至少为10.$'] ['10'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +774 "$某种机械设备随着使用年限的增加,它的使用功能逐渐减退,使用价值逐年减少,通常把它使用价值逐年减少的“量”换算成费用,称之为“失效费"".某种机械设备的使用年限x(单位:年)与失效费y(单位:万元)的统计数据如下表所示:$ + +| 使用年限x(单位:年) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | +| ----- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ----- | ---- | +| 失效费y(单位:万元) | 2.90 | 3.30 | 3.60 | 4.40 | 4.80 | 5.20 | 5.90 | + +参考公式: +$相关系数r=\frac{\sum \limits^{n}_{i=1}(x_i-\overline{x})(y_i-\overline{y})}{\sqrt{\sum \limits^{n}_{i=1}(x_i-\overline{x})^2\sum \limits^{n}_{i=1}(y_i-\overline{y})^2}}.$ +$线性回归方程\hat{y}=\hat{b}x+\hat{a}中斜率和截距的最小二乘估计公式:\hat{b}=\frac{\sum \limits^{n}_{i=1}(x_i-\overline{x})(y_i-\overline{y})}{\sum \limits^{n}_{i=1}(x_i-\overline{x})^2},\hat{a}=\overline{y}-\hat{b}\overline{x}.$ +$参考数据:\sum \limits^{7}_{i=1}(x_i-\overline{x})(y_i-\overline{y})=14.00,$ +$\sum \limits^{7}_{i=1}(y_i-\overline{y})^2=7.08,\sqrt{198.24}\approx 14.08.$ +$由上表数据可知,可用线性回归模型拟合y与x的关系,请用相关系数加以说明;(精确到0.01)$" ['$由题意,知 \\overline{x} = \\frac{1+2+3+4+5+6+7}{7} = 4,$\n$\\overline{y} = \\frac{2.90+3.30+3.60+4.40+4.80+5.20+5.90}{7} = 4.30,$\n$\\sum ^{7}_{i=1}(x_i-\\overline{x})^2 = (1-4)^2+(2-4)^2+(3-4)^2+(4-4)^2+(5-4)^2+(6-4)^2+(7-4)^2 = 28,$\n$ \\Rightarrow r = \\frac{14.00}{\\sqrt{28\\times 7.08}} = \\frac{14.00}{\\sqrt{198.24}} \\approx \\frac{14.00}{14.08} \\approx 0.99.$\n$ 由于 y 与 x 的相关系数约为0.99,$\n$ 所以 y 与 x 的线性相关程度相当大,从而可以用线性回归模型拟合 y 与 x 的关系.$'] ['$0.99$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +775 "$已知椭圆C:9x^2+y^2=m^2 (m>0),直线l不过原点O且不平行于坐标轴,l与C有两个交点A,B,线段AB的中点为M。$ +$若l过点(\frac{m}{3},m),延长线段OM与C交于点P,四边形OAPB是不是平行四边形?若是,求此时l的斜率;$" ['$四边形iOAPB是平行四边形.$\n\n$因为直线i l过点 (\\frac{m}{3},m),$\n\n$所以i l不过原点且与iC有两个交点的充要条件是i k>0,i k\\neq 3.$\n\n$由(1)得iOM的方程为i y=-\\frac{9}{k} i x . 设点iP的横坐标为 i x_{P}.$\n\n$由\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}y=-\\frac{9}{k}x,\\\\ 9x^2+y^2=m^2,\\end{matrix}\\right. 得 i x^2_P=\\frac{k^2m^2}{9k^2+81},即 i x_{P}=\\frac{\\pm km}{3\\sqrt{k^2+9}}.$\n\n$将点\\left(\\frac{m}{3},m\\right)的坐标代入直线i l的方程得i b=\\frac{m(3-k)}{3},因此 i x_{M}=\\frac{mk(k-3)}{3(k^2+9)}.$\n\n$四边形OAPB为平行四边形当且仅当线段AB与线段OP互相平分,即 i x_{P}=2 i x_{M}.$\n\n$于是 \\frac{\\pm km}{3\\sqrt{k^2+9}}=2\\times \\frac{mk(k-3)}{3(k^2+9)}.解得k_1=4-\\sqrt{7},k_2=4+\\sqrt{7}.$\n\n$因为k_i>0,k_i\\neq 3,i=1,2,所以当l的斜率为4-\\sqrt{7}或4+\\sqrt{7}时,四边形OAPB为平行四边形.$'] ['$4-\\sqrt{7}, 4+\\sqrt{7}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +776 "$已知O为坐标原点,点E(\frac{3}{4},0),过动点W作直线x=-\frac{1}{4}的垂线,垂足为F,\overrightarrow{OW}\cdot \overrightarrow{EF}=0,记W的轨迹为曲线C。$ +$若A_1,B_1,A_2,B_2均在C上,直线A_1B_1,A_2B_2的交点为P(\frac{1}{4},0),A_1B_1\perp A_2B_2,求四边形A_1A_2B_1B_2面积的最小值.$" ['$设 A_{1}(x_{1},y_{1}),B_{1}(x_{2},y_{2}),A_{2}(x_{3},y_{3}),B_{2}(x_{4},y_{4}),$\n$直线 A_{1}B_{1},A_{2}B_{2} 的方程分别为 x=my+\\frac{1}{4},x=-\\frac{y}{m}+\\frac{1}{4},$\n$将 x=my+\\frac{1}{4} 代入抛物线方程 y^{2}=x 得 y^{2}-my-\\frac{1}{4}=0,$\n$所以 y_{1}+y_{2}=m,y_{1}y_{2}=-\\frac{1}{4},$\n$所以 |A_{1}B_{1}|=\\sqrt{1+m^{2}}|y_{1}-y_{2}|=\\sqrt{1+m^{2}}\\sqrt{(y_{1}+y_{2})^{2}-4y_{1}y_{2}}=m^{2}+1,$\n$同理得 |A_{2}B_{2}|=1+\\frac{1}{m^{2}},$\n$所以四边形 A_{1}A_{2}B_{1}B_{2} 的面积 S=\\frac{1}{2}|A_{1}B_{1}|\\cdot |A_{2}B_{2}|=\\frac{1}{2}(1+m^{2})\\cdot \\left(1+\\frac{1}{m^{2}}\\right)=\\frac{1}{2}\\left(2+m^{2}+\\frac{1}{m^{2}}\\right)\\geq 2,$\n$当且仅当 m=\\pm1 时等号成立,所以四边形 A_{1}A_{2}B_{1}B_{2} 的面积的最小值为2.$'] ['$2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +777 "$已知椭圆C: \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0), A, B分别为椭圆C的右顶点、上顶点,F为椭圆C的右焦点,椭圆C的离心率为 \frac{1}{2}, \triangle ABF的面积为 \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}.$ +点P为椭圆C上的动点(不是顶点),点P与点M,N分别关于原点、y轴对称,连接MN,与x轴交于点E,并延长PE交椭圆C于点Q,则直线MP的斜率与直线MQ的斜率之积是不是定值?若是,求出该定值;若不是,请说明理由." ['$由题意可知直线PQ的斜率一定存在,设直线PQ的方程为y=kx+m,P(x_1,y_1),Q(x_2,y_2),则M(-x_1,-y_1),N(-x_1,y_1),E(-x_1,0),$\n$联立方程\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}\\frac{x^2}{4}+\\frac{y^2}{3}=1,\\\\ y=kx+m,\\end{matrix}\\right. 得(3+4k^2)x^2+8kmx+4m^2-12=0,$\n$\\therefore x_1+x_2=-\\frac{8km}{3+4k^2},$\n$\\therefore y_1+y_2=k(x_1+x_2)+2m=k\\cdot \\left(-\\frac{8km}{3+4k^2}\\right)+2m=\\frac{6m}{3+4k^2},$\n$\\therefore k_MQ=\\frac{y_1+y_2}{x_1+x_2}=\\frac{\\frac{6m}{3+4k^2}}{-\\frac{8km}{3+4k^2}}=-\\frac{3}{4k},$\n$\\because k_PE=\\frac{y_1}{2x_1}=k_PQ=k,$\n$\\therefore k_MP=\\frac{y_1}{x_1}=2k_PE=2k,$\n$\\therefore k_MP\\cdot k_MQ=2k\\cdot \\left(-\\frac{3}{4k}\\right)=-\\frac{3}{2},$\n$\\therefore k_MP\\cdot k_MQ为定值-\\frac{3}{2}.$'] ['$-\\frac{3}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +778 "$已知椭圆 C:\frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} =1 (a>b>0)的离心率为\frac{1}{2}, 圆C_1:x^2 + y^2 =3 与椭圆 C 有且仅有的两个交点都在 y 轴上.$ +$已知直线l过椭圆C的左顶点A,且l交圆C_1于M,N两点,P为椭圆C上一点,若以PM为直径的圆过点A,求\triangle PMN面积的最大值.$" ['$由题意知 A(-2,0),\\because 以 PM 为直径的圆过点 A ,\\therefore l\\perp AP ,$\n\n\n\n$由题意可知直线 AP 的斜率存在且不为0,故设直线 AP 的方程为 y=k(x+2)(k\\neq 0),$\n\n$则直线 l 的方程为 y=-\\frac{1}{k}(x+2).$\n\n$设 P(x_0, y_0) ,由 \\left\\{\\begin{matrix}y=k(x+2),\\\\ \\frac{x^2}{4}+\\frac{y^2}{3}=1\\end{matrix}\\right. 得 (3+4k^2)x^2+16k^2x+16k^2-12=0,$\n\n$\\because 点 A(-2,0)为直线 AP 与 C 的一个交点,$\n\n$\\therefore -2x_0=\\frac{16k^2-12}{3+4k^2} ,解得 x_0=\\frac{6-8k^2}{3+4k^2} ,$\n\n$\\therefore |AP|=\\sqrt{1+k^2}|x_0+2|=\\sqrt{1+k^2}|\\frac{6-8k^2}{3+4k^2}+2|=\\frac{12\\sqrt{1+k^2}}{3+4k^2}.$\n\n$直线 l 的方程变形为 x+ky+2=0,设原点到直线 l 的距离为d,$\n\n$\\therefore d=\\frac{2}{\\sqrt{1+k^2}},$\n\n$\\therefore |MN|=2\\sqrt{3-d^2}=2\\sqrt{3-\\frac{4}{1+k^2}}=2\\sqrt{\\frac{3k^2-1}{1+k^2}}.$\n\n$S_{\\triangle PMN}=\\frac{1}{2}|AP|\\cdot |MN|=\\frac{12\\sqrt{3k^2-1}}{3+4k^2}=12\\sqrt{\\frac{3k^2-1}{(3+4k^2)^2}},$\n\n$设 3k^2-1=t > 0,则 k^2=\\frac{t+1}{3},$\n\n$\\therefore S_{\\triangle PMN} =36\\sqrt{\\frac{t}{(13+4t)^2}}=36\\sqrt{\\frac{1}{16t+\\frac{169}{t}+104}},$\n\n$\\because 16t+\\frac{169}{t}+104\\geq 2\\sqrt{16t \\times \\frac{169}{t}}+104=208(当且仅当t=\\frac{13}{4}时,等号成立),$\n\n$\\therefore \\triangle PMN 面积的最大值为 \\frac{9\\sqrt{13}}{13}.$'] ['$\\frac{9\\sqrt{13}}{13}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +779 "$已知椭圆C:\frac{x^2}{a^2} +\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1 (a>b>0)的右焦点F(c,0)在直线\sqrt{3}x+y-2\sqrt{3}=0上,且离心率为\frac{1}{2}.$ +$设A(-a,0),B(a,0),过点A的直线与椭圆C交于另一点P(异于点B),与直线x=a交于一点M,\angle PFB的平分线与直线x=a交于点N,是否存在常数\lambda ,使得\overrightarrow{BN}=\lambda \overrightarrow{BM}?若存在,求出\lambda 的值;若不存在,请说明理由。$" ['$存在,\\lambda =\\frac{1}{2}. 理由如下:$\n$易得 A(-4,0),B(4,0),F(2,0), 设 M(4,y_1),N(4,y_2),P(x_0,y_0),显然 y_1y_2>0.$\n$设直线 AP 的方程为 x = my -4 (m \\neq 0),$\n$\\because 点 M 在直线 AP 上,\\therefore my_1 -4 =4, 则 m = \\frac{8}{y_1}.$\n$联立 \\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x=my-4,\\\\ \\frac{x^2}{16}+\\frac{y^2}{12}=1,\\end{matrix}\\right. 得 (3m^2+4)y^2 -24my=0, 易知该方程的两根分别为 y_0 和 0,$\n$\\therefore y_0 = \\frac{24m}{3m^2+4}, \\therefore x_0 = my_0-4 = \\frac{12m^2-16}{3m^2+4}.$\n$当 x_0 \\neq 2 时, k_{PF} = \\frac{y_0}{x_0-2} = \\frac{\\frac{24m}{3m^2+4}}{\\frac{12m^2-16}{3m^2+4}-2} = \\frac{4m}{m^2-4} = \\frac{8y_1}{16-y^2_1}, k_{NF} = \\frac{y_2}{2}.$\n$设 \\angle BFN =\\theta, 则 \\angle PFB =2\\theta, \\therefore tan2\\theta = \\frac{2\\\\tan \\theta }{1-{\\\\tan }^2\\theta } = \\frac{y_2}{1-\\left(\\frac{y_2}{2}\\right)^2} = \\frac{4y_2}{4-y^2_2} = \\frac{4m}{m^2-4}.$\n$\\therefore \\frac{8y_1}{16-y^2_1} = \\frac{4y_2}{4-y^2_2}, \\therefore (2y_2 -y_1)(y_1y_2+8)=0,$\n$\\because y_1y_2 > 0,\\therefore 2y_2 -y_1 = 0, \\therefore y_2 = \\frac{1}{2}y_1, 则 \\overrightarrow{BN} = \\frac{1}{2} \\overrightarrow{BM}.$\n$当 x_0=2 时, y_0 = \\pm3,不妨取 y_0 =3, 则直线 AP 的方程为 y = -\\frac{1}{2}(x+4).$\n$则 M (4,4),此时 PF\\perp FB,则 \\angle BFN=45^\\circ ,所以直线 FN 的方程为 y = x - 2, 则 N (4,2),所以 \\overrightarrow{BN} = \\frac{1}{2} \\overrightarrow{BM}.$\n$综上,存在常数 \\lambda = \\frac{1}{2}, 使得 \\overrightarrow{BN} = \\lambda \\overrightarrow{BM}.$'] ['$\\frac{1}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +780 "$已知椭圆E:\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)的左、右焦点分别为F_1,F_2,离心率e=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2},P为椭圆上一动点,\triangle PF_1F_2面积的最大值为2.$ +$平面内到两定点距离之比是常数\lambda (\lambda \neq 1)的点的轨迹是圆.椭圆E的短轴上端点为A,点Q在圆x^2+y^2=8上,求2|QA|+|QP|-|PF_{2}|的最小值.$" ['$由题意 A (0,\\sqrt{2}),设 R (0, m), Q (x, y ),使2|QA |=|QR |,即 \\frac{|QR|}{|QA|} =2,即 \\frac{x^2+(y-m)^2}{x^2+(y-\\sqrt{2})^2} =4,整理得 x^2+ y^2+\\frac{2m-8\\sqrt{2}}{3} y = \\frac{m^2-8}{3} ,$\n$又点 Q 在圆 x^2+ y^2=8上,\\therefore \\left\\{\\begin{matrix}\\frac{2m-8\\sqrt{2}}{3}=0,\\\\ \\frac{m^2-8}{3}=8,\\end{matrix}\\right. 解得 m = 4\\sqrt{2},\\therefore R (0, 4\\sqrt{2} )。$\n$由椭圆定义得|PF_2 |=4-|PF_1 |,$\n$\\therefore 2|QA |+|QP |-|PF_2 |=|QR |+|QP |-(4-|PF_1 |)=|QR |+|QP |+|PF_1 |-4,$\n$当 R, Q, P, F_1四点共线时,2|QA |+|QP |-|PF_2 |有最小值 \\sqrt{34} -4.$\n'] ['$\\sqrt{34}-4$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +781 "$某娱乐节目闯关游戏共有三关,游戏规则如下:选手依次参加第一、二、三关,每关闯关成功可获得的奖金分别为600元、900元、1 500元,奖金可累加;若某关闯关成功,选手可以选择结束闯关游戏并获得相应奖金,也可以选择继续闯关;若有任何一关闯关失败,则连同前面所得奖金全部归零,闯关游戏结束.选手小李参加该闯关游戏,已知他第一、二、三关闯关成功的概率分别为\frac{3}{4},\frac{2}{3},\frac{1}{2},第一关闯关成功后选择继续闯关的概率为\frac{3}{5},第二关闯关成功后选择继续闯关的概率为\frac{2}{5},且每关闯关成功与否互不影响.$ +求小李第一关闯关成功,但所得总奖金为零的概率;" ['根据题意得,小李第一关闯关成功,但所得总奖金为零的事件分为如下两类情况:\n$①第一关闯关成功,第二关闯关失败,其概率P_1=\\frac{3}{4}\\times \\frac{3}{5}\\times \\left(1-\\frac{2}{3}\\right)=\\frac{3}{20};$\n$②第一关闯关成功,第二关闯关成功,第三关闯关失败,其概率P_2=\\frac{3}{4}\\times \\frac{3}{5}\\times \\frac{2}{3}\\times \\frac{2}{5}\\times \\left(1-\\frac{1}{2}\\right)=\\frac{3}{50}.记“小李第一关闯关成功,但所得总奖金为零”为事件A,则P(A)=P_1+P_2=\\frac{3}{20}+\\frac{3}{50}=\\frac{21}{100}.$'] ['$\\frac{21}{100}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +782 "$某娱乐节目闯关游戏共有三关,游戏规则如下:选手依次参加第一、二、三关,每关闯关成功可获得的奖金分别为600元、900元、1 500元,奖金可累加;若某关闯关成功,选手可以选择结束闯关游戏并获得相应奖金,也可以选择继续闯关;若有任何一关闯关失败,则连同前面所得奖金全部归零,闯关游戏结束.选手小李参加该闯关游戏,已知他第一、二、三关闯关成功的概率分别为\frac{3}{4},\frac{2}{3},\frac{1}{2},第一关闯关成功后选择继续闯关的概率为\frac{3}{5},第二关闯关成功后选择继续闯关的概率为\frac{2}{5},且每关闯关成功与否互不影响.$ +设小李所得总奖金为X元,求随机变量X的数学期望." ['$根据题意得,X的可能取值为0,600,1 500,3 000,$\n$P(X=0)=\\left(1-\\frac{3}{4}\\right)+\\frac{3}{4}\\times \\frac{3}{5}\\times \\left(1-\\frac{2}{3}\\right)+\\frac{3}{4}\\times \\frac{3}{5}\\times \\frac{2}{3}\\times \\frac{2}{5}\\times \\left(1-\\frac{1}{2}\\right)=\\frac{23}{50},$\n$P(X=600)=\\frac{3}{4}\\times \\left(1-\\frac{3}{5}\\right)=\\frac{3}{10},$\n$P(X=1 500)=\\frac{3}{4}\\times \\frac{3}{5}\\times \\frac{2}{3}\\times \\left(1-\\frac{2}{5}\\right)=\\frac{9}{50},$\n$P(X=3 000)=\\frac{3}{4}\\times \\frac{3}{5}\\times \\frac{2}{3}\\times \\frac{2}{5}\\times \\frac{1}{2}=\\frac{3}{50},$\n$所以X的分布列为$\n\n$| X | 0 | 600 | 1 500 | 3 000 |$\n| :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: |\n$| P | \\frac{23}{50} | \\frac{3}{10} | \\frac{9}{50} | \\frac{3}{50} | $\n\n$所以X的数学期望E(X)=0\\times \\frac{23}{50}+600\\times \\frac{3}{10}+1 500\\times \\frac{9}{50}+3 000\\times \\frac{3}{50}=630.$\n\n'] ['$630$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +783 "小王在每天17:00至18:00之间都会参加一项自己喜欢的体育运动,运动项目有篮球、羽毛球、游泳三种.已知小王当天参加的运动项目只与前一天参加的运动项目有关,在前一天参加某类运动项目的情况下,当天参加各类运动项目的概率如下表: + +|前一天 |当天 | +|--------|-------------| +| |篮球|羽毛球|游泳| +|篮球 |0.5|0.2|0.3| +|羽毛球 |0.3|0.1|0.6| +|游泳 |0.3|0.6|0.1| +已知小王参加三类运动项目一小时的能量消耗(单位:卡)如下表所示: + +| 运动项目 | 篮球 | 羽毛球 | 游泳 | +| -------- | ---- | ----- | ---- | +| 能量消耗/卡 | 500 | 400 | 600 | + +求小王从第一天打羽毛球开始,前三天参加体育运动能量消耗总卡数的期望." ['$小王从第一天打羽毛球开始,前三天的运动项目安排有BAA,BAB,BAC,BBA,BBB,BBC,BCA,BCB,BCC,共9种,$\n$用X表示运动能量消耗总卡数,则X的所有可能取值为1 200,1 300,1 400,1 500,1600,$\n$P(X=1200)=P(BBB)=0.1\\times 0.1=0.01,$\n$P(X=1300)=P(BAB)+P(BBA)=0.3\\times 0.2+0.1\\times 0.3=0.09,$\n$P(X=1400)=P(BAA)+P(BBC)+P(BCB)=0.3\\times 0.5+0.1\\times 0.6+0.6\\times 0.6=0.57,$\n$P(X=1500)=P(BAC)+P(BCA)=0.3\\times 0.3+0.6\\times 0.3=0.27,$\n$P(X=1600)=P(BCC)=0.6\\times 0.1=0.06,$\n$所以小王从第一天打羽毛球开始,前三天参加体育运动能量消耗总卡数X的分布列为$\n\n|X |1200|1300|1400|1500|1600|\n|:-- |:--: |:--: |:--: |:--: |:--: |\n|P |0.01 |0.09 |0.57 |0.27 |0.06 |\n\n能量消耗总卡数X的期望E(X)=1 200\\times 0.01+1 300\\times 0.09+1 400\\times 0.57+1 500\\times 0.27+1 600\\times 0.06=1428.\n\n'] ['$1428$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +784 "$“学习强国”学习平台的答题竞赛包括三项活动,分别为“四人赛”“双人对战”和“挑战答题"".在一天内参加“四人赛”活动,每局第一名积3分,第二、三名各积2分,第四名积1分,每局比赛相互独立.在一天内参加“双人对战”活动,每局比赛的获胜者得2分,失败者得1分,各局比赛相互独立.已知甲参加“四人赛”活动,每局比赛获得第一名、第二名的概率均为\frac{1}{3},获得第四名的概率为\frac{1}{6};甲参加“双人对战”活动,每局比赛获胜的概率均为\frac{3}{4}.$ +$记甲在一天中参加“四人赛”和“双人对战”两项活动(两项活动均只参加一局)的总得分为X分,求X的数学期望;$" ['$甲参加“四人赛”活动时,每局比赛获得第三名的概率为1-\\left(\\frac{1}{3}+\\frac{1}{3}+\\frac{1}{6}\\right)=\\frac{1}{6}. $\n依题意,X的所有可能取值为5,4,3,2, \n$P(X=5)=\\frac{1}{3}\\times \\frac{3}{4}=\\frac{1}{4}, $\n$P(X=4)=\\frac{1}{3}\\times \\frac{1}{4}+\\frac{1}{3}\\times \\frac{3}{4}+\\frac{1}{6}\\times \\frac{3}{4}=\\frac{11}{24}, $\n$P(X=3)=\\frac{1}{6}\\times \\frac{3}{4}+\\frac{1}{3}\\times \\frac{1}{4}+\\frac{1}{6}\\times \\frac{1}{4}=\\frac{1}{4}, $\n$P(X=2)=\\frac{1}{6}\\times \\frac{1}{4}=\\frac{1}{24}.$\n\n所以X的分布列如表所示:\n\n| X | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 |\n|:-------:|:-----:|:-----:|:-----:|:-----:|\n| P |$\\frac{1}{4}$|$\\frac{11}{24}$|$\\frac{1}{4}$|$\\frac{1}{24}$|\n\n$所以E(X)=5\\times \\frac{1}{4}+4\\times \\frac{11}{24}+3\\times \\frac{1}{4}+2\\times \\frac{1}{24}=\\frac{47}{12}.$\n\n'] ['$\\frac{47}{12}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +785 "$第24届冬季奥林匹克运动会,即2022年北京冬季奥运会,于2022年2月4日开幕,2月20日闭幕.北京冬季奥运会共设7个大项,15个分项,109个小项.北京赛区承办所有的冰上项目和自由式滑雪大跳台;延庆赛区承办雪车、雪橇及高山滑雪项目;张家口赛区承办除雪车、雪橇、高山滑雪和自由式滑雪大跳台之外的所有雪上项目.某运动队拟派出甲、乙、丙三人去参加自由式滑雪.比赛分为初赛和决赛,其中初赛有两轮,只有两轮都获胜才能进入决赛.已知甲在每轮比赛中获胜的概率均为\frac{3}{4};乙在第一轮和第二轮比赛中获胜的概率分别为\frac{4}{5}和\frac{5}{8};丙在第一轮和第二轮获胜的概率分别是p和\frac{3}{2}-p,其中01,f(6)=25\\times 0.04=1,$\n$所以当n\\geq 6时,f(n)\\leq 1成立,故n的最小值为6.$'] ['6'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +792 "某工厂对一批零件进行质量检测.具体检测方案为:从这批零件中任取10件逐一进行检测,当检测到有2件不合格零件时,停止检测,此批零件检测未通过,否则检测通过.假设每件零件为不合格零件的概率为0.1,且每件零件是不是不合格零件相互独立. +若此批零件检测未通过,求恰好检测5次的概率;" ['若此批零件检测未通过,且恰好检测5次,\n\n则第五次检验不合格,前四次中有一次检验不合格,\n\n$故恰好检测5次的概率P = C_4^1 0.1 (1-0.1)^3 0.1 = 0.029 16.$'] ['$0.02916$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical 1e-3 Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +793 "某工厂对一批零件进行质量检测.具体检测方案为:从这批零件中任取10件逐一进行检测,当检测到有2件不合格零件时,停止检测,此批零件检测未通过,否则检测通过.假设每件零件为不合格零件的概率为0.1,且每件零件是不是不合格零件相互独立. +已知每件零件的生产成本为80元,合格零件的售价为150元/件,现对不合格零件进行修复,修复后合格的零件正常销售,修复后不合格的零件以10元/件的价格按废品处理,若每件零件的修复费用为20元,每件不合格零件修复后为合格零件的概率为0.8,记X为生产1件零件获得的利润,求X的分布列和数学期望." ['由题意知,每件合格零件利润为70元,\n不合格零件修复合格后的利润为50元,\n不合格零件未修复合格的利润为-90元,\n$则X可取70,50,-90,$\n$P(X=70)=0.9,P(X=50)=0.1\\times 0.8=0.08,P(X=-90)=0.1\\times 0.2=0.02,$\n$故X的分布列为$\n\n| X | 70 | 50 | -90 |\n|:-----------:|:----:|:----:|:---:|\n| P | 0.9 | 0.08 | 0.02|\n\n$所以E(X)=70\\times 0.9+50\\times 0.08-90\\times 0.02=65.2(元).$'] ['$E(X)=65.2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False (元) Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +794 "$2020年以来,新冠疫情对商品线下零售影响很大.某商家决定借助线上平台开展销售活动.现有甲、乙两个平台供选择,且当每件商品的售价为a (300\leq a \leq 500)元时,从该商品在两个平台所有销售数据中各随机抽取100天的日销售量数据统计如下:$ + +| 商品日销售量(单位:件) | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | +| ---- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | +| 甲平台的天数 | 14 | 26 | 26 | 24 | 10 | +| 乙平台的天数 | 10 | 25 | 35 | 20 | 10 | + +假设该商品在两个平台日销售量的概率与表格中相应日销售量的频率相等,且每天的销售量互不影响. +求“甲平台日销售量不低于8件”的概率,并计算“从甲平台所有销售数据中随机抽取3天的日销售量数据,其中至少有2天的日销售量不低于8件”的概率;" "['令事件A=""甲平台日销售量不低于8件"",\n\n$则 P(A)=\\frac{26+24+10}{100}=\\frac{3}{5}. $\n\n令事件B=""从甲平台所有销售数据中随机抽取3天的日销售量数据,其中至少有2天的日销售量不低于8件"",\n\n$则 P(B)=C^2_3\\times \\left(\\frac{3}{5}\\right)^2\\times \\frac{2}{5}+C^3_3\\times \\left(\\frac{3}{5}\\right)^3=\\frac{81}{125}.$\n\n']" ['$P(A)=\\frac{3}{5}, P(B)=\\frac{81}{125}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +795 "某生物实验室用小白鼠进行某病毒实验,已知6只小白鼠中有1只感染该病毒但无患病症状,将它们分别单独封闭隔离到6个不同的操作间内,由于工作人员的疏忽,没有记录感染该病毒的小白鼠所在的操作间,需要通过化验血液来确定.血液化验结果呈阳性即为感染该病毒,呈阴性即为没有感染该病毒。下面是两种化验方案: + +方案甲:逐个化验,直到能确定感染该病毒的小白鼠为止。 + +方案乙:先任取4只,将它们的血液混在一起化验.若结果呈阳性,则表��感染该病毒的小白鼠为这4只中的1只,然后再逐个化验,直到能确定感染该病毒的小白鼠为止;若结果呈阴性,则在另外2只中任取1只化验. +求采用方案甲所需化验的次数为4的概率;" ['$记“采用方案甲所需化验的次数为4”为事件 A,则 P(A)= \\frac{A^3_5}{A^4_6} = \\frac{1}{6}.$'] ['$\\frac{1}{6}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +796 "某生物实验室用小白鼠进行某病毒实验,已知6只小白鼠中有1只感染该病毒但无患病症状,将它们分别单独封闭隔离到6个不同的操作间内,由于工作人员的疏忽,没有记录感染该病毒的小白鼠所在的操作间,需要通过化验血液来确定.血液化验结果呈阳性即为感染该病毒,呈阴性即为没有感染该病毒。下面是两种化验方案: + +方案甲:逐个化验,直到能确定感染该病毒的小白鼠为止。 + +方案乙:先任取4只,将它们的血液混在一起化验.若结果呈阳性,则表明感染该病毒的小白鼠为这4只中的1只,然后再逐个化验,直到能确定感染该病毒的小白鼠为止;若结果呈阴性,则在另外2只中任取1只化验. +求采用方案乙所需化验的次数少于采用方案甲所需化验的次数的概率." ['$由题知采用方案甲所需化验的次数可能为1,2,3,4,5,设采用方案甲所需化验的次数为3,4,5分别为事件A_3,A_4,A_5,$\n$P(A_3)=\\frac{A^2_5}{A^3_6}=\\frac{1}{6},P(A_4)=\\frac{1}{6},P(A_5)=\\frac{A^4_5}{A^4_6}=\\frac{1}{3}.$\n$设采用方案乙所需化验的次数为2,3,4分别为事件B_2,B_3,B_4,$\n$由(2)可知P(B_2)=\\frac{1}{2},P(B_3)=\\frac{1}{6},P(B_4)=\\frac{1}{3}.$\n$设采用方案乙所需化验的次数少于采用方案甲所需化验的次数为事件C,$\n$由题意可知B_2与A_3,A_4,A_5相互独立,B_3与A_4,A_5相互独立,B_4与A_5相互独立,$\n$则P(C)=P(A_3B_2)+P(A_4B_2)+P(A_5B_2)+P(A_4B_3)+P(A_5B_3)+P(A_5B_4)=\\frac{1}{6} \\times \\frac{1}{2} + \\frac{1}{6} \\times \\frac{1}{2} + \\frac{1}{3} \\times \\frac{1}{2} + \\frac{1}{6} \\times \\frac{1}{6} + \\frac{1}{3} \\times \\frac{1}{6} + \\frac{1}{3} \\times \\frac{1}{3} = \\frac{19}{36}. $\n$所以采用方案乙所需化验的次数少于采用方案甲所需化验的次数的概率为\\frac{19}{36}.$'] ['$\\frac{19}{36}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +797 "法国数学家庞加莱是个喜欢吃面包的人,他每天都会到同一家面包店购买一个面包.该面包店的面包师声称自己所出售的面包的平均质量是1 000 g,上下浮动不超过50 g.这句话用数学语言来表达就是:每个面包的质量服从期望为1 000 g,标准差为50 g的正态分布. +$已知如下结论:若X~N(\mu ,\sigma ^2),从X的取值中随机抽取k(k\in N^,k\geq 2)个数据,记这k个数据的平均值为Y,则随机变量Y~N \left(\mu ,\frac{\sigma ^2}{k}\right).利用该结论解决下面问题.$ + +$假设面包师的说法是真实的,随机购买25个面包,记这25个面包的平均值为Y,求P(Y\leq 980); $" ['$因为 \\frac{50^2}{25} =100,$\n\n$所以 Y ~ N (1 000,10^2),$\n\n$因为980=1 000-2\\times 10,$\n\n$所以 P ( Y \\leq 980)= P ( Y \\leq \\mu -2 \\sigma )=\\frac{1-0.954 5}{2}=0.022 75.$'] ['$0.02275 $'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +798 "$设椭圆 C :$ + +$\frac{x^2}{9}+\frac{y^2}{5}=1$ + +$的左,右顶点分别为 A,B.$ +$若P、Q是椭圆上关于x轴对称的两点,直线AP,BQ的斜率分别为k_1,k_2(k_1k_2\neq 0),求|k_1|+|k_2|的最小值;$" ['$由题意设点 P(x_0,y_0),Q(x_0,-y_0),-30;当\\frac{3}{5} 1,故P(X=k+1) > P(X=k).$\n$若k=9,\\frac{17}{3} \\times \\frac{10-k}{k+1} < 1,故P(X=9) > P(X=10)。$\n\n$所以当k=9时,概率P(X=k)最大。$'] ['$k=9$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +811 "新高考的数学试卷第1至第8题为单选题,第9至第12题为多选题.多选题A、B、C、D四个选项中至少有两个选项符合题意,其评分标准如下:全部选对得5分,部分选对得2分,选错或不选得0分.在某次考试中,第11、12两题的难度较大,第11题正确选项为AD,第12题正确选项为ABD.甲、乙两位同学由于考前准备不足,只能对这两道题的选项进行随机选取,每个选项是否被选到是等可能的. +若甲同学每题均随机选取一项,求甲同学两题得分合计为4分的概率;" ['因为甲同学两题得分合计为4分,所以这两道题每道题得2分,\n所以甲同学两题得分合计为4分的概率为\n$\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_2}{\\mathrm{C}^1_4} \\cdot \\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_3}{\\mathrm{C}^1_4} = \\frac{3}{8}$'] ['$\\frac{3}{8}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +812 "新高考的数学试卷第1至第8题为单选题,第9至第12题为多选题.多选题A、B、C、D四个选项中至少有两个选项符合题意,其评分标准如下:全部选对得5分,部分选对得2分,选错或不选得0分.在某次考试中,第11、12两题的难度较大,第11题正确选项为AD,第12题正确选项为ABD.甲、乙两位同学由于考前准备不足,只能对这两道题的选项进行随机选取,每个选项是否被选到是等可能的. +$若甲同学计划每题均随机选取一项,乙同学计划每题均随机选取两项,记甲同学的两题得分为 X ,乙同学的两题得分为 Y ,求 X , Y 的期望。$" ['$甲同学两题得分X的可能取值为0,2,4,P(X=0)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_2}{\\mathrm{C}^1_4}\\cdot \\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_1}{\\mathrm{C}^1_4}=\\frac{1}{8},P(X=4)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_2}{\\mathrm{C}^1_4}\\cdot \\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_3}{\\mathrm{C}^1_4}=\\frac{3}{8},$\n$P(X=2)=1-P(X=0)-P(X=4)=1-\\frac{1}{8}-\\frac{3}{8}=\\frac{1}{2},$\n\n所以X的分布列为\n\n| X | 0 | 2 | 4 |\n| ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- |\n|$P$|$\\frac18$|$\\frac12$|$\\frac38$|\n\n$因此E(X)=0\\times \\frac{1}{8}+2\\times \\frac{1}{2}+4\\times \\frac{3}{8}=2.5(分),$\n\n$乙同学第11题可能得分为Y1,P(Y1=0)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^2_2}{\\mathrm{C}^2_4}+\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_2 \\cdot \\mathrm{C}^1_2}{\\mathrm{C}^2_4}=\\frac{5}{6},P(Y1=5)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^2_2}{\\mathrm{C}^2_4}=\\frac{1}{6},$\n\n$乙同学第12题可能得分为Y2,P(Y2=0)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_3 \\cdot \\mathrm{C}^1_1}{\\mathrm{C}^2_4}=\\frac{1}{2},P(Y2=2)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^2_3}{\\mathrm{C}^2_4}=\\frac{1}{2},$\n\n乙同学两题得分Y的可能取值为0,2,5,7,\n$P(Y=0)=P(Y1=0)\\cdot P(Y2=0)=\\frac{5}{6}\\times \\frac{1}{2}=\\frac{5}{12},$\n$P(Y=2)=P(Y1=0)\\cdot P(Y2=2)=\\frac{5}{6}\\times \\frac{1}{2}=\\frac{5}{12},$\n$P(Y=5)=P(Y1=5)\\cdot P(Y2=0)=\\frac{1}{6}\\times \\frac{1}{2}=\\frac{1}{12},$\n$P(Y=7)=P(Y1=5)\\cdot P(Y2=2)=\\frac{1}{6}\\times \\frac{1}{2}=\\frac{1}{12},$\n\n所以Y的分布列为\n\n| Y | 0 | 2 | 5 | 7 |\n| ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- |\n|$P$|$\\frac5{12}$|$\\frac5{12}$|$\\frac1{12}$|$\\frac1{12}$|\n\n$因此E(Y)=0\\times \\frac{5}{12}+2\\times \\frac{5}{12}+5\\times \\frac{1}{12}+7\\times \\frac{1}{12}=\\frac{11}{6}(分),$\n\n'] ['$2.5,\\frac{11}{6}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +813 "$在心理学研究中,常采用对比试验的方法评价不同心理暗示对人的影响,具体方法如下:将参加试验的志愿者随机分成两组,一组接受甲种心理暗示,另一组接受乙种心理暗示,通过对比这两组志愿者接受心理暗示后的结果来评价两种心理暗示的作用.现有6名男志愿者A_1,A_2,A_3,A_4,A_5,A_6和4名女志愿者B_1,B_2,B_3,B_4,从中随机抽取5人接受甲种心理暗示,另5人接受乙种心理暗示.$ +$求接受甲种心理暗示的志愿者中包含A_1但不包含B_1的概率;$" ['$记接受甲种心理暗示的志愿者中包含A1但不包含B1的事件为M,则P(M)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^4_8}{\\mathrm{C}^5_{10}}=\\frac{5}{18}.$'] ['$\\frac{5}{18}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +814 "$设函数f(x)=sin x+cos x(x \in R).$ +$求函数 y = [f \left(x + \frac{\pi}{2} \right)]^2 的最小正周期。$" ['$由已知得 y=[f (x+\\frac{\\pi }{2})]^2=(cos x-sin x)^2=1-sin 2x,故所求的最小正周期 T=\\pi.$\n\n'] ['$T=\\pi$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +815 "$设函数f(x)=sin x+cos x(x \in R).$ +$求函数 y=f(x)f \left(x-\frac{\pi }{4}\right) 在 \left[0,\frac{\pi }{2}\right] 上的最大值.$" [': \n$y=f(x)f \\left(x-\\frac{\\pi }{4}\\right)=\\sqrt{2}(\\sin x + \\cos x)\\sin x = \\sin \\left(2x-\\frac{\\pi }{4}\\right) + \\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}, 因为x\\in \\left[0,\\frac{\\pi }{2}\\right],所以当x = \\frac{3\\pi }{8}时,函数y=f(x)f \\left(x-\\frac{\\pi }{4}\\right)取最大值 1 + \\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}.$'] ['$1 + \\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +816 "$已知函数f(x) = \sin^2x + \sqrt{3}\sin x\cos x。$ +$求f(x)的最小正周期;$" ['$f(x)=\\frac{1}{2}-\\frac{1}{2}\\cos 2x+\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}\\sin 2x$\n\n$=\\sin\\left(2x-\\frac{\\pi }{6}\\right)+\\frac{1}{2}$\n\n$所以f(x)的最小正周期T=\\frac{2\\pi }{2}=\\pi .$'] ['$\\pi $'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +817 "$已知函数f(x) = \sin^2x + \sqrt{3}\sin x\cos x。$ +$若f(x)在区间[-\frac{\pi }{3},m]上的最大值为\frac{3}{2},求m的最小值。$" ['$由(1)知f(x) = sin\\left(2x-\\frac{\\pi }{6}\\right)+\\frac{1}{2}.$\n\n$由题意知-\\frac{\\pi }{3}\\leq x\\leq m,所以-\\frac{5\\pi }{6}\\leq 2x-\\frac{\\pi }{6}\\leq 2m-\\frac{\\pi }{6}.$\n\n$要使f(x)在[-\\frac{\\pi }{3},m]上的最大值为\\frac{3}{2},$\n\n$则 sin\\left(2x-\\frac{\\pi }{6}\\right)在[-\\frac{\\pi }{3},m]上的最大值为1.$\n\n$所以2m-\\frac{\\pi }{6}\\geq\\frac{\\pi }{2},即m\\geq\\frac{\\pi }{3}.$\n\n$所以m的最小值为\\frac{\\pi }{3}.$'] ['$\\frac{\\pi }{3}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +818 "$已知函数f(x) = 1+2sin\frac{x}{3}\left(\cos \frac{x}{3}-\sin \frac{x}{3}\right),在\triangle ABC中,角A, B, C所对的边分别为 a, b, c.$ +$若f\left(C-\frac{\pi }{8}\right)=\sqrt{2},且b^{2}=ac,求\cos B的值.$" ['$f(C-\\frac{\\pi}{8})=\\sqrt{2}\\sin\\left[\\frac{2}{3}\\left(C-\\frac{\\pi}{8}\\right)+\\frac{\\pi}{4}\\right]=\\sqrt{2}\\sin\\left(\\frac{2C}{3}+\\frac{\\pi}{6}\\right)=\\sqrt{2},$\n\n$\\therefore \\sin \\left(\\frac{2C}{3}+\\frac{\\pi}{6}\\right)=1.$\n\n$\\because 00时, f(x)=x^2-2ax+a+2,其中a\in R.$ +$当a=1时, f(-1)=;$" ['$当a=1时, f(-1)=-f(1)=-(1-2+3)=-2.$'] ['$-2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +837 "$某企业开发了一种大型电子产品,生产这种产品的年固定成本为2 500万元,每生产x百件,需另投入成本c(x)(单位:万元),当年产量不足30百件时,c(x)=10x^2+100x;当年产量不小于30百件时,c(x)=501x+\frac{10 000}{x}-4 500. 若每百件电子产品的售价为500万元,��过市场分析,该企业生产的电子产品能全部销售完.$ +年产量为多少百件时,该企业在这一电子产品的生产中获利最大?" ['$\\because 当01500,$\n\n$\\therefore 年产量为100百件时,该企业获得利润最大,最大利润为1 800万元.$'] ['$100$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +838 "$已知函数f(x)=-x^{2}+(a-1)x+a,其中a \in R.$ +$若函数f(x)为偶函数,求a的值;$" ['$由f(x)=-x^{2}+(a-1)x+a为偶函数,$\n$得f(-x)=-x^{2}-(a-1)x+a=f(x),$\n$所以-(a-1)=a-1,$\n$解得a=1.$'] ['$a=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +839 "函数y=f(x)是定义在R上的偶函数,且图象过点(-1,1).已知x\geq 0时, f(x)=a^x^-1(a>0且a\neq 1). +求f(1)和a的值;" ['$由题意可知, f(-1)=1,$\n\n$因为y=f(x)是定义在R上的偶函数,$\n\n$所以f(1)=f(-1)=1,$\n\n$因为x\\geq 0时, f(x)=a^{x}-1,$\n\n$所以f(1)=a-1=1, 所以a=2.$'] ['f(1)=1, a=2'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +840 "$已知函数f(x)=a^{2x}-a^{x}+2a(a>0且a\neq 1)的图象经过点(1,6)。$ +$求f(x)的最小值;$" ['$易知f(x)=(2^x-\\frac{1}{2})^2 + \\frac{15}{4} \\geq \\frac{15}{4},当x=-1时取等号,$\n$故f(x)的最小值为\\frac{15}{4}.$'] ['$\\frac{15}{4}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +841 "$已知函数f(x) = \log_{a}(1-x) + \log_{a}(x+3)(0 1}. +\end{cases}$ +$当a=1时,f(x)的极值点个数为 \_\_\_ ;$" ['$当a=1时,f(x) = \\begin{cases} -x^2+x+1, & x\\leq 1,\\\\ x, & x>1, \\end{cases}$\n$f(x)在(-\\infty ,\\frac{1}{2}]上单调递增,在(\\frac{1}{2},1]上单调递减,在(1,+\\infty )上单调递增,所以f(x)的极值点个数为2;$'] ['$2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +843 "$已知函数f(x)=\frac{2}{x}+aln x,a\in R.$ +$若曲线y=f(x)在点P(1, f(1))处的切线垂直于直线y=x+2,求a的值;$" "[""\\because 曲线y=f(x)在点P(1, f(1))处的切线垂直于直线y=x+2,\n\\therefore 曲线y=f(x)在点P(1, f(1))处的切线斜率为-1.\n$函数f(x)的导数为f'(x)=-\\frac{2}{x^2}+\\frac{a}{x},$\n$\\therefore f' (1)=-\\frac{2}{1^2}+\\frac{a}{1}=-1,\\therefore a=1.$""]" ['$a=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +844 "$已知函数f(x) = (x^2 - x - \frac{1}{a})e^{ax} (a > 0).$ +$当a=\frac{1}{2}时,求f(x)的极大值;$" "[""$当a=\\frac{1}{2}时, f(x)=(x^2-x-2)e^{\\frac{x}{2}},$\n$f '(x)=\\frac{1}{2}(x+4)(x-1)e^{\\frac{x}{2}},$\n$令f '(x)=0,解得x=-4或x=1.$\n$当x<-4时, f '(x)>0, f(x)单调递增;$\n$当-41时, f '(x)>0, f(x)单调递增.$\n$所以f(x)的极大值为f(-4)=18e^{-2},极小值为f(1)=-2e^{\\frac{1}{2}}.$\n\n""]" ['18e^{-2}'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +845 "$已知函数f(x)=\frac{1}{2}ax^2-(2a+1)x+2\ln x,a \in R.$ +$若曲线y=f(x)在x=1和x=3处的切线互相平行,求a的值;$" "[""$函数f(x)的定义域为(0,+\\infty ).且f'(x)=ax-(2a+1)+\\frac{2}{x} (x>0).$\n\n$因为曲线y=f(x)在x=1和x=3处的切线互相平行,所以f'(1)=f'(3).$\n\n$即a-(2a+1)+2=3a-(2a+1)+\\frac{2}{3},解得a=\\frac{2}{3}.$""]" ['$\\frac{2}{3}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +846 "$已知函数f(x)=$ +$\begin{cases} +-\frac{1}{3}x^3+ax^2-3x+20, & 0 6, +\end{cases}$ + +$且f(x)在x=1处取得极值.$ +$求实数a的值;$" "[""$当00可得x\\in (1,3),令f'(x)<0可得x\\in (0,1)\\cup (3,6],$\n$所以f(x)在(0,1)上单调递减,在(1,3)上单调递增,$\n故满足f(x)在x=1处取得极值,故a=2.""]" ['$a=2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +847 "$已知函数f(x)=ax^3+x^2(a \in R)在x=-\frac{4}{3}处取得极值.$ +确定a的值;" "[""$f'(x)=3ax^2+2x$\n\n$所以f'\\left(-\\frac{4}{3}\\right)=\\frac{16a}{3}-\\frac{8}{3}=0$\n\n$解得a=\\frac{1}{2}.$""]" ['$\\frac{1}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +848 "$已知函数f(x)=x^2e^{x}-1,g(x)=e^{x}-ax,a \in R.$ +$设函数F(x) = f(x) - g(x),当a \geq 1时,求F(x)在区间[0,+\infty)上的最小值.$" "[""$因为F(x) = f(x) - g(x), 所以F(x) = (x^2 - 1)e^x + ax - 1, 所以F'(x) = (x^2 + 2x - 1)e^x + a.$\n$令h(x) = F'(x), 所以h'(x) = (x^2 + 4x + 1)e^x.$\n$当x \\in [0, +\\infty)时,h'(x) > 0 恒成立.$\n$所以h(x)在区间[0,+\\infty)上单调递增,即F'(x)在区间[0,+\\infty)上单调递增.$\n$所以F'(x) \\geq F'(0) = -1 + a.$\n$因为a \\geq 1,所以F'(x) \\geq 0.$\n$所以F(x)在区间[0,+\\infty)上单调递增.$\n$所以F(x) \\geq F(0) = -2.$\n$所以当a \\geq 1时,F(x)在区间[0,+\\infty)上的最小值是-2.$""]" ['$-2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +849 "$已知函数 f(x)=ax^2+bx+4lnx 的极值点为1和2.$ +$求函数f(x)在区间(0,3]上的最大值.$" "[""$由(1)得, f(x) = x^2 - 6x + 4\\ln x,$\n$f'(x) = \\frac{2(x-1)(x-2)}{x},x \\in (0,3],$\n$由f'(x) < 0,得到 1 0,得到0 -5,所以 f_{max} = f(3) = 4\\ln 3 -9.$""]" ['$4\\ln 3 -9$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +850 "$已知函数f(x)=\frac{3x+4}{x^2+1}.$ +$求f(x)的最大值.$" "[""$由(1),令3-8x-3x^2=(3+x)(1-3x)=0,则x=-3或x=\\frac{1}{3},$\n\n$当x<-3或x>\\frac{1}{3}时, f'(x)<0,所以f(x)在(-\\infty ,-3),(\\frac{1}{3},+\\infty )上递减;$\n\n$当-30,所以f(x)在(-3,\\frac{1}{3})上递增.$\n\n$所以极小值为f(-3)=-\\frac{1}{2},极大值为f\\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)=\\frac{9}{2},$\n\n$因为在(-\\infty ,-3)上f(x)<0,(\\frac{1}{3},+\\infty )上f(x)>0,$\n\n$所以f(x)的最小值为-\\frac{1}{2},最大值为\\frac{9}{2}.$\n\n""]" ['\\frac{9}{2}'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +851 "$设函数f(x) = \frac{x^3}{3} - (a+1)x^2+4ax+b,其中a,b\in R.$ +$若函数f(x)在x=3处取得极小值\frac{1}{2},求a,b的值;$" "[""$因为 f'(x)=x^2-2(a+1)x+4a,$\n$所以 f'(3)=9-6(a+1)+4a=0,得 a=\\frac{3}{2}.$\n$由 f(3)=\\frac{1}{3}\\times27-\\frac{5}{2}\\times9+4\\times\\frac{3}{2}\\times3+b=\\frac{1}{2},解得 b=-4.$""]" ['$a=\\frac{3}{2}, b=-4$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +852 "$已知a_n为等差数列,前n项和为S_n(n\in N^),b_n是首项为2的等比数列,且公比大于0,b_2+b_3=12,b_3=a_4-2a_1,S_{11}=11b_4.$ +$求数列{a_{2n}b_{n}}的前n项和(n\in N^{}).$" ['$设数列{a_{2n}b_{n}}的前n项和为T_{n},易得a_{2n}=6n-2,$\n\n$故T_{n}=4\\times 2+10\\times 2^2+16\\times 2^3+\\ldots +(6n-2)\\times 2^n,$\n\n$2T_{n}=4\\times 2^2+10\\times 2^3+16\\times 2^4+\\ldots +(6n-8)\\times 2^n+(6n-2)\\times 2^{n+1},$\n\n$两式相减,得-T_{n}=4\\times 2+6\\times 2^2+6\\times 2^3+\\ldots +6\\times 2^n-(6n-2)\\times 2^{n+1}=\\frac{12 \\times (1-2^n)}{1-2}-4-(6n-2)\\times 2^{n+1}=-(3n-4)2^{n+2}-16,$\n\n$得T_{n}=(3n-4)2^{n+2}+16。$\n\n$所以数列{a_{2n}b_{n}}的前n项和为(3n-4)2^{n+2}+16。$'] ['$(3n-4)2^{n+2}+16$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +853 "$已知a_n为等差数列,前n项和为S_n(n\in N^),b_n是首项为2的等比数列,且公比大于0,b_2+b_3=12,b_3=a_4-2a_1,S_{11}=11b_4.$ +$求数列{a_{2n}b_{2n-1}}的前n项和(n\in N^).$" ['$设数列a_{2n}b_{2n-1}的前n项和为T_n,由 a_{2n}=6n-2, b_{2n-1}=2 4^{n-1},得a_{2n}b_{2n-1} = (3n-1)4^n$\n\n$故T_n = 2 4 + 5 4^2 + 8 4^3 +\\ldots + (3n-1) 4^n$\n\n$4T_n = 2 4^2 + 5 4^3 + 8 4^4 +\\ldots + (3n-4) 4^n + (3n-1) 4^{n+1}$\n\n上述两式相减得\n\n$-3T_n = 2 4 + 3 4^2 + 3 4^3 +\\ldots +3 4^n -(3n-1) 4^{n+1} = \\frac{12 (1 - 4^n)}{1 - 4} - 4 - (3n-1) 4^{n+1} = - (3n-2) 4^{n+1} - 8$\n\n$得T_n = \\frac{3n-2}{3} 4^{n+1} + \\frac{8}{3}$\n\n$所以,数列a_{2n}b_{2n-1}的前n项和为\\frac{3n-2}{3} 4^{n+1} + \\frac{8}{3}$'] ['\\frac{3n-2}{3} 4^{n+1} + \\frac{8}{3}'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +854 "$已知公比大于1的等比数列{a_n}满足a_2+a_4=20, a_3=8.$ +$求a_n的通项公式;$" ['$已知数列{a_n}是公比大于1的等比数列,设公比���q(q>1),依题意有$\n$\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\na_1q+a_1q^3=20,\\\\ \na_1q^2=8,\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.$\n$解得a_1=2,q=2,或a_1=32,q=\\frac{1}{2} (舍去),$\n$所以a_n=2^n,所以数列{a_n}的通项公式为a_n=2^n。$'] ['${a_n}=2^n$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +855 "$已知公比大于1的等比数列{a_n}满足a_2+a_4=20, a_3=8.$ +$求a_{1}a_{2}-a_{2}a_{3}+\ldots +(-1)^{n-1}a_{n}a_{n+1}.$" ['$由(1)知 (-1)^{n-1}a_na_{n+1}=(-1)^{n-1} \\times 2^n \\times 2^{n+1}=(-1)^{n-1}2^{2n+1},$\n\n$所以 a_1a_2-a_2a_3+\\ldots +(-1)^{n-1}a_na_{n+1}=2^3-2^5+2^7-2^9+\\ldots +(-1)^{n-1}2^{2n+1}$\n\n$=\\frac{2^3[1-(-2^2)^n]}{1-(-2^2)}$\n\n$=\\frac{8}{5}-(-1)^n \\cdot \\frac{2^{2n+3}}{5}.$'] ['$\\frac{8}{5}-(-1)^n \\cdot \\frac{2^{2n+3}}{5}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +856 "$已知公比大于1的等比数列{a_n}满足a_2+a_4=20,a_3=8.$ +$求a_n的通项公式;$" ['$已知数列a_n是公比大于1的等比数列,设公比为q(q>1),依题意有$\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}a_1q+a_1q^3=20,\\\\ a_1q^2=8,\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n$解得a_1=2,q=2,或a_1=32,q=\\frac{1}{2}(舍去)。$\n\n$所以a_n=2^n,所以数列a_n的通项公式为a_n=2^n.$'] ['$a_n=2^n$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +857 "$已知 S_n=2^{n+1} - \lambda(\lambda\in R) 是等比数列 {a_n} 的前 n 项和.$ +$设b_n = \frac{1}{a_n} + \log_2 a_n,求{b_n}的前n项和T_n.$" ['$b_n = \\frac{1}{a_n} + \\log_2{a_n} = \\frac{1}{2^n} + n$\n\n$则 T_n = \\left(\\frac{1}{2}+\\frac{1}{2^2}+\\cdots +\\frac{1}{2^n}\\right) + (1+2+\\cdots+n)$\n\n$即 T_n = 1-\\frac{1}{2^n} + \\frac{n(n+1)}{2}.$'] ['$T_n = 1-\\frac{1}{2^n} + \\frac{n(n+1)}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +858 "$已知a_n是公差为3的等差数列,数列b_n满足b_1=1,b_2=\frac{1}{3},a_nb_{n+1}+b_{n+1}=nb_n.$ +$求a_n的通项公式;$" ['$由已知,得a_1b_2+b_2=b_1,且b_1=1, b_2=\\frac{1}{3}, 故\\frac{1}{3}a_1+\\frac{1}{3}=1, 解得a_1=2.$\n\n$所以数列{a_n}是首项为2,公差为3的等差数列,其通项公式为a_n=2+3(n-1)=3n-1.$'] ['$a_n=3n-1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +859 "$已知a_n是公差为3的等差数列,数列b_n满足b_1=1,b_2=\frac{1}{3},a_nb_{n+1}+b_{n+1}=nb_n.$ +$求b_n的前n项和.$" ['$由(1)和a_n b_{n+1}+b_{n+1}=nb_n 得 b_{n+1}=\\frac{b_n}{3} ,因此 b_n 是首项为1,公比为 \\frac{1}{3} 的等比数列.$\n\n$记 b_n 的前 n 项和为 S_n ,则 S_n=\\frac{1-\\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^n}{1-\\frac{1}{3}}=\\frac{3}{2}-\\frac{1}{2 \\times 3^{n-1}} .$'] ['$\\frac{3}{2}-\\frac{1}{2 \\times 3^{n-1}}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +860 "$已知各项都为正数的数列{a_n}满足a_1=1, a^2_n-(2a_{n+1}-1)a_n-2a_{n+1}=0.$ +$求a_n的通项公式.$" ['$由a^{2}_{n}-(2a_{n+1}-1)a_n-2a_{n+1}=0得2a_{n+1}(a_n+1)=a_n(a_n+1).因为{a_n}的各项都为正数,所以\\frac{a_{n+1}}{a_{n}}=\\frac{1}{2}.$\n\n$故{a_n}是首项为1,公比为\\frac{1}{2}的等比数列,因此a_n=\\frac{1}{{2}^{n-1}}.$'] ['$a_n=\\frac{1}{{2}^{n-1}}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +861 "$已知数列a_n满足a_1=1,a_n \cdot a_{n+1}=9^n,n \in N^.$ +$若b_n=\left\{ +\begin{matrix} +\log_{\frac{1}{3}}a_n, & n\text{为奇数},\\ +a_n-1, & n\text{为偶数}, +\end{matrix} +\right.$ +$求数列{b_n}的前2n项和S_{2n}.$" ['$由(1)得b_n=\\begin{cases} 1-n, & \\text{if } n \\text{为奇数},\\\\ 3^n-1, & \\text{if } n \\text{为偶数},\\end{cases}$\n\n$所以S_{2n}=(b_1+b_3+\\ldots +b_{2n-1})+(b_2+b_4+\\ldots +b_{2n})$\n\n$=[0-2-4-\\ldots -(2n-2)]+(3^2+3^4+3^6+\\ldots +3^{2n})-n$\n\n$=-\\frac{n(2n-2)}{2}+\\frac{9(1-9^n)}{1-9}-n=\\frac{9^{n+1}-8n^2-9}{8}$'] ['$\\frac{9^{n+1}-8n^2-9}{8}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +862 "$已知数列a_n的前n项和为S_n,a_1=1,S_{n+1}=2S_n+1。$ +$求a_n的通项公式;$" ['$由S_{n+1}=2S_{n}+1得S_{n}=2S_{n-1}+1 (n\\geq2, n \\in N^)$\n\n$\\therefore S_{n+1}-S_{n}=2S_{n}-2S_{n-1}, \\therefore a_{n+1}=2a_{n} (n\\geq2, n \\in N^).$\n\n$又a_{1}=1, S_{n+1}=2S_{n}+1, \\therefore a_{2}+a_{1}=2a_{1}+1,整理得a_{2}=2a_{1}.$\n\n$\\therefore 数列{a_{n}}是首项为1,公比为2的等比数列,$\n\n$\\therefore 数列{a_{n}}的通项公式为a_{n}=2^{n-1}.$'] ['a_{n}=2^{n-1}'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +863 "$已知数列a_n的前n项和为S_n,a_1=1,S_{n+1}=2S_n+1。$ +$记b_n=\frac{{\log }_2a_n}{a_n},求数列{b_n}的前n项和T_n。$" ['$由(1)得a_{n}=2^{n-1},\\therefore b_{n}=\\frac{{\\log }_2a_n}{a_n}=\\frac{{\\log }_22^{n-1}}{2^{n-1}}=\\frac{n-1}{2^{n-1}}.$\n\n$\\therefore T_{n}=b_{1}+b_{2}+b_{3}+\\ldots +b_{n}=0+\\frac{1}{2}+\\frac{2}{2^2}+\\ldots +\\frac{n-1}{2^{n-1}},$\n\n$\\frac{1}{2}T_{n}=0+\\frac{1}{2^2}+\\frac{2}{2^3}+\\ldots +\\frac{n-2}{2^{n-1}}+\\frac{n-1}{2^n},$\n\n$两式相减,得\\frac{1}{2}T_{n}=\\frac{1}{2}+\\frac{1}{2^2}+\\ldots +\\frac{1}{2^{n-1}}-\\frac{n-1}{2^n}=\\frac{\\frac{1}{2}\\left(1-\\frac{1}{2^{n-1}}\\right)}{1-\\frac{1}{2}}-\\frac{n-1}{2^n}=1-\\frac{n+1}{2^n},\\therefore T_{n}=2-\\frac{n+1}{2^{n-1}}.$'] ['$T_{n}=2-\\frac{n+1}{2^{n-1}}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +864 "$已知各项均为正数的等差数列{a_n},a_2=5,2a_1,a_3,a_5+2成等比数列.$ +$求a_n的通项公式;$" ['$设等差数列a_n的公差为d,则d > 0。$\n$由已知得a^2_3=2a_1(a_5+2),$\n$又a_2=5,\\therefore (5+d)^2=2(5-d)(7+3d),$\n$即7d^2-6d-45=0,解得d=3或d=-\\frac{15}{7}(舍),$\n$\\therefore a_1=a_2-d=2,\\therefore a_n=2+3(n-1)=3n-1,$\n$\\therefore a_n的通项公式为a_n=3n-1。$'] ['$ a_n=3n-1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +865 "$已知等差数列{a_n}的前n项和为S_n,且a_5=9,S_7=49.$ +$求数列a_n的通项公式;$" ['$设等差数列a_n的公差为d,则$\n\n$$\n\\begin{align*}\na_5 & =a_1+4d=9,\\\\\nS_7 & =7a_1+\\frac{7 \\times 6d}{2}=49,\\\\\n\\end{align*}\n$$\n\n$解得a_1=1,d=2,$\n\n$所以a_n=1+2(n-1)=2n-1.$'] ['$a_n=2n-1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +866 "$已知数列a_n的奇数项是公差为d_1的等差数列,偶数项是公差为d_2的等差数列,S_n是数列a_n的前n项和,a_1=1,a_2=2.$ +$已知S_{15}=15a_{8},且对任意n \in \mathbb{N}^ ,a_{n}1.当n为奇数时,由a_n < a_{n+1}恒成立,得1+\\frac{n-1}{2}d_{1}<2+\\left(\\frac{n+1}{2}-1\\right)d_{2},即n(d_{1}-d_{2})-2-d_{1}+d_{2}<0恒成立,所以d_{1}-d_{2}\\leq 0,因此d_{1}=d_{2}.又由S_{15}=15a_{8},得(a_{1}+a_{3}+\\ldots +a_{15})+(a_{2}+a_{4}+\\ldots +a_{14})=15(a_{2}+3d_{2}),即8+\\frac{8 \\times 7}{2}d_{1}+14+\\frac{7 \\times 6}{2}d_{2}=30+45d_{2},解得d_{1}=d_{2}=2,所以a_n = n,即数列{a_n}是等差数列,所以S_n = \\frac{n^2+n}{2}.$'] ['$S_n = \\frac{n^2+n}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +867 "$已知数列{a_n}是正项等比数列,满足a_3是2a_1,3a_2的等差中项,a_4=16.$ +$求数列a_n的通项公式;$" ['$设等比数列a_n的公比为q,因为a_3是2a_1,3a_2的等差中项,$\n$所以2a_3=2a_1+3a_2,即2a_1q^2=2a_1+3a_1q,$\n$易知a_1\\neq 0,所以2q^2-3q-2=0,解得q=2或q=-\\frac{1}{2},$\n$因为数列a_n是正项等比数列,所以q=2.$\n$故a_4=a_1q^3=8a_1=16,解得a_1=2,所以a_n=2\\times 2^{n-1}=2^n.$'] ['$2^n$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +868 "$设a_n是公比不为1的等比数列,a_1为a_2,a_3的等差中项.$ +$若a_1=1,求数列{na_n}的前n项和。$" ['$记 S_n 为 {na_n} 的前 n 项和.由(1)及题设可得,a_n = (-2)^(n-1).$\n\n$所以 S_n =1+2\\times (-2)+\\ldots +n\\times (-2)^(n-1),$\n\n$-2 S_n =-2+2\\times (-2)^2+\\ldots +(n-1)\\times (-2)^(n-1)+n\\times (-2)^n.$\n\n$可得 3 S_n =1+(-2)+(-2)^2+\\ldots +(-2)^(n-1)-n\\times (-2)^n$\n\n$= \\frac{1-(-2)^n}{3} -n\\times (-2)^n.$\n\n$所以 S_n = \\frac{1}{9} - \\frac{(3n+1)(-2)^n}{9} .$'] ['$S_n = \\frac{1}{9} - \\frac{(3n+1)(-2)^n}{9}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +869 "$设数列a_n满足a_1+3a_2+\ldots +(2n-1)a_n=2n.$ +$求a_n的通项公式;$" ['$因为a_{1}+3a_{2}+\\ldots +(2n-1)a_{n}=2n,所以当n\\geq 2时,a_{1}+3a_{2}+\\ldots +(2n-3)a_{n-1}=2(n-1).$\n\n$两式相减得(2n-1)a_{n}=2.$\n\n$所以a_{n}=\\frac{2}{2n-1}(n\\geq 2).$\n\n$又由题设可得a_{1}=2,也满足上式,$\n\n$所以{a_{n}}的通项公式为a_{n}=\\frac{2}{2n-1}(n\\in N^{}).$'] ['$a_{n}=\\frac{2}{2n-1}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +870 "$设数列a_n满足a_1+3a_2+\ldots +(2n-1)a_n=2n.$ +$求数列\left\{\frac{a_n}{2n+1}\right\}的前n项和.$" ['$记\\left\\{\\frac{a_n}{2n+1}\\right\\}的前n项和为S_{n},$\n$由(1)知\\frac{a_n}{2n+1}=\\frac{2}{(2n+1)(2n-1)}=\\frac{1}{2n-1}-\\frac{1}{2n+1}.$\n$则S_{n}=\\frac{1}{1}-\\frac{1}{3}+\\frac{1}{3}-\\frac{1}{5}+\\ldots +\\frac{1}{2n-1}-\\frac{1}{2n+1}=\\frac{2n}{2n+1}.$'] ['$\\frac{2n}{2n+1}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +871 "$设a_n是等差数列,其前n项和为S_n (n\in N^);b_n是等比数列,公比大于0,其前n项和为T_n (n\in N^).已知b_1=1,b_3=b_2+2,b_4=a_3+a_5,b_5=a_4+2a_6.$ +$求S_n和T_n;$" ['$设等比数列{b_n}的公比为q.由b_1=1, b_3=b_2+2,可得q^2-q-2=0.因为q>0,所以q=2,故b_n=2^{n-1}. 所以T_n= \\frac{1-2^n}{1-2}=2^n-1.$\n$设等差数列{a_n}的公差为d.由b_4=a_3+a_5,可得a_1+3d=4.$\n$由b_5=a_4+2a_6,可得3a_1+13d=16,从而a_1=1,d=1,故a_n=n,$\n$所以S_n=\\frac{n(n+1)}{2}.$'] ['$T_n=2^n-1,S_n=\\frac{n(n+1)}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +872 "$设a_n是等差数列,b_n是等比数列,公比大于0.已知a_1=b_1=3,b_2=a_3,b_3=4a_2+3.$ +$求a_n和b_n的通项公式;$" ['$设等差数列a_n的公差为d,等比数列b_n的公比为q.$\n依题意,得\n\n$$\n\\begin{align*}\n3q&=3+2d, \\\\\n3q^2&=15+4d, \n\\end{align*}\n$$\n\n解得\n\n$$\n\\begin{align*}\nd&=3, \\\\\nq&=3, \n\\end{align*}\n$$\n\n$故a_n=3+3(n-1)=3n,b_n=3\\times 3^{n-1}=3^{n}.$\n\n$所以a_n的通项公式为a_n=3n,b_n的通项公式为b_n=3^{n}.$'] ['$a_n=3n,b_n=3^{n}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +873 "$设a_n是等差数列,b_n是等比数列,公比大于0.已知a_1=b_1=3,b_2=a_3,b_3=4a_2+3.$ +$设数列c_n满足:$ +$$ +c_n = \begin{cases} +1, & \text{if } n \text{ is odd} \\ +b_{\frac{n}{2}}, & \text{if } n \text{ is even} +\end{cases} +$$ +$求a_1c_1 + a_2c_2 + \cdots + a_{2n}c_{2n} (n \in \mathbb{N}^).$" ['$a_1c_1+a_2c_2+\\ldots +a_{2n}c_{2n}$\n\n$=(a_1+a_3+a_5+\\ldots +a_{2n-1})+(a_2b_1+a_4b_2+a_6b_3+\\ldots +a_{2n}b_n)$\n\n$=\\left[n \\times 3+\\frac{n(n-1)}{2} \\times 6\\right]+(6\\times 3^1+12\\times 3^2+18\\times 3^3+\\ldots +6n\\times 3^n)$\n\n$=3n^2+6(1\\times 3^1+2\\times 3^2+\\ldots +n\\times 3^n).$\n\n$记T_n=1\\times 3^1+2\\times 3^2+\\ldots +n\\times 3^n, ①$\n\n$则3T_n=1\\times 3^2+2\\times 3^3+\\ldots +n\\times 3^{n+1}, ②$\n\n$②-①得,2T_n = -3-3^2-3^3-\\ldots -3^n+n\\times 3^{n+1} = -\\frac{3(1-3^n)}{1-3}+n\\times 3^{n+1} = \\frac{(2n-1)3^{n+1}+3}{2}.$\n\n$所以a_1c_1+a_2c_2+\\ldots +a_{2n}c_{2n}=3n^2+6T_n=3n^2+3\\times \\frac{(2n-1)3^{n+1}+3}{2}=\\frac{(2n-1)3^{n+2}+6n^2+9}{2}(n\\in N^).$'] ['$\\frac{(2n-1)3^{n+2}+6n^2+9}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +874 "$已知等差数列{a_n}的前n项和为S_n,a_4=9,S_3=15.$ +$求a_n的通项公式;$" ['$设a_n的公差为d,$\n\n由已知得\n$$\n\\begin{align*}\na_4 &= a_1 + 3d = 9,\\\\\nS_3 &= 3a_1 + 3d = 15,\n\\end{align*}\n$$\n解得\n$$\n\\begin{align*}\na_1 &= 3,\\\\\nd &= 2.\n\\end{align*}\n$$\n$所以a_n = 2n + 1.$'] ['a_n = 2n + 1'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +875 "$已知a_n为等比数列,a_1,a_2,a_3分别是下表第一、二、三行中的数,且a_1,a_2,a_3里的任意两个数都不在下表的同一列中,b_n为等差数列,其前n项和为S_n,且a_1=b_3-2b_1,S_7=7a_3。$ + +| | 第一列 | 第二列 | 第三列 | +| --- | --- | --- | --- | +| 第一行 | 1 | 5 | 2 | +| 第二行 | 4 | 3 | 10 | +| 第三行 | 9 | 8 | 20 | +$求数列{a_n},{b_n}的通项公式;$" ['$由题意知a_1=2,a_2=4,a_3=8.$\n$设等比数列{a_n}的公比为q,则q=2,故a_n=a_1q^{n-1}=2^n.$\n$设等差数列{b_n}的公差为d,由题意得a_1=2=b_3-2b_1=2d-b_1,S_7=\\frac{7(b_1+b_7)}{2}=7b_4=7a_3,$\n$所以b_4=a_3=8=b_1+3d,所以b_1=2,d=2,故b_n=2n.$'] ['a_n=2^n, b_n=2n'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +876 "$近年来,师范专业是高考考生填报志愿的热门专业.某高中随机调查了本校2022年参加高考的90位文科考生首选志愿(第一个院校专业组的第一个专业)填报情况,经统计,首选志愿填报与性别情况如表:(单位:人)$ + +| | 首选志愿为师范专业 | 首选志愿为非师范专业 | +| --- | --- | --- | +| 女性 | 25 | 35 | +| 男性 | 5 | 25 | + +$附: \chi ^2 = {\frac{n(ad-bc)^2}{(a+b)(c+d)(a+c)(b+d)}} , n=a+b+c+d.$ + +| $\alpha$ | 0.15 | 0.10 | 0.05 | 0.025 | 0.010 | 0.005 | 0.001 | +|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| +| $x_\alpha$ | 2.072 | 2.706 | 3.841 | 5.024 | 6.635 | 7.879 | 10.828 | + +$用样本估计总体,用本次调研中首选志愿样本的频率代替首选志愿的概率,从2022年全国文科考生中随机抽取3人,设被抽取的3人中首选志愿为师范专业的人数为X,求X的数学期望E(X)和方差D(X)。$" ['$某个考生首选志愿为师范专业的概率P=\\frac{30}{90}=\\frac{1}{3},$\n\n$X的所有可能取值为0,1,2,3,X~B\\left(3,\\frac{1}{3}\\right).$\n\n$P(X=0)=\\left(\\frac{2}{3}\\right)^{3} =\\frac{8}{27},P(X=1)=C^1_3\\times \\frac{1}{3}\\times \\left(\\frac{2}{3}\\right)^{2} =\\frac{4}{9},$\n\n$P(X=2)=C^2_3\\times \\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^{2} \\times \\frac{2}{3}=\\frac{2}{9},P(X=3)=\\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^{3} =\\frac{1}{27},$\n\n$\\therefore X的分布列为$\n\n| $X$ | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |\n|------|-----|-----|-----|-----|\n| $P$ |$\\frac{8}{27}$|$\\frac{4}{9}$|$\\frac{2}{9}$|$\\frac{1}{27}$|\n\n$E(X)=3\\times \\frac{1}{3}=1,D(X)=3\\times \\frac{1}{3}\\times \\left(1-\\frac{1}{3}\\right)=\\frac{2}{3}.$\n\n'] ['$1,\\frac{2}{3}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +877 "$已知椭圆E: \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} =1 (a>b>0)的左、右顶点分别为A、B,点F是椭圆E的右焦点,点Q在椭圆E上,且|QF|的最大值为3,椭圆E的离心率为 \frac{1}{2}.$ +$求椭圆E的方程;$" ['由已知可得\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}{|QF|}_{\\max }=a+c=3,\\\\ \\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{1}{2},\\\\ a^2=b^2+c^2,\\end{matrix}\\right. $\n解得\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}a=2,\\\\ b=\\sqrt{3},\\\\ c=1.\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n因此椭圆E的方程为\n$\\frac{x^2}{4}+\\frac{y^2}{3}=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4}+\\frac{y^2}{3}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +878 "$设椭圆\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)的左焦点为F,左顶点为A,上顶点为B.已知\sqrt{3}|OA|=2|OB|(O为原点)。$ +$设经过点F且斜率为 \frac{3}{4} 的直线l与椭圆在x轴上方的交点为P,圆C同时与x轴和直线l相切,圆心C在直线x=4上,且OC\parallel AP.求椭圆的方程.$" ['$由(1)知,a=2c, b=\\sqrt{3}c, 故椭圆方程为 \\frac{x^2}{4c^2}+ \\frac{y^2}{3c^2} =1. 由题意知,F(-c,0),则直线 l 的方程为 y=\\frac{3}{4}(x+c)。$\n\n$点 P 的坐标满足 $\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\n\\frac{x^2}{4c^2}+\\frac{y^2}{3c^2}=1,\\\\ \ny=\\frac{3}{4}(x+c),\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n\n$消去 y 并化简,得到 7x^2+6cx-13c^2=0,解得 x_1=c, x_2=-\\frac{13c}{7}.$\n\n$代入 l 的方程,解得 y_1=\\frac{3}{2}c, y_2=-\\frac{9}{14}c.$\n\n$因为点 P在 x轴上方,所以 P (c,\\frac{3}{2}c).$\n\n$由圆心 C 在直线 x=4 上,可设 C(4,t).$\n\n$因为 OC \\parallel AP,且由(1)知 A(-2c,0),故 \\frac{t}{4}=\\frac{\\frac{3}{2}c}{c+2c},解得 t=2. 则 C(4,2).$\n\n$因为圆 C与 x 轴相切,所以圆的半径长为2,又由圆 C与 l相切,得 \\frac{\\left|\\frac{3}{4}(4+c)-2\\right|}{\\sqrt{1+\\left(\\frac{3}{4}\\right)^2}}=2,可得 c=2.$\n\n$所以椭圆的方程为 \\frac{x^2}{16} + \\frac{y^2}{12} =1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{16} + \\frac{y^2}{12} =1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +879 "$已知椭圆 C : \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (a > b > 0) 的离心率为 \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2} ,且过点 A (2,1)。$ +求C的方程;" ['$由题设得,\\frac{4}{a^2} + \\frac{1}{b^2} = 1,, \\frac{a^2-b^2}{a^2} = \\frac{1}{2}, 解得a^{2}=6,b^{2}=3。所以C的方程为: \\frac{x^2}{6} + \\frac{y^2}{3} = 1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{6} + \\frac{y^2}{3} = 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +880 "$已知椭圆𝐶:𝑥^2/𝑎^2 + 𝑦^2/𝑏^2 = 1(𝑎 > 𝑏 > 0)的长轴长为4,𝑃在𝐶上运动,𝐹1,𝐹2为𝐶的两个焦点,且\cos \angle 𝐹1𝑃𝐹2的最小值为1/2.$ +求C的方程;" ['$由题意得a=2,设|PF_1|,|PF_2|分别为p,q,则p+q=2a,$\n\n$cos\\angle F_1PF_2=\\frac{p^2+q^2-4c^2}{2pq}=\\frac{{(p+q)}^2-4c^2-2pq}{2pq}$\n\n$=\\frac{2b^2-pq}{pq}=\\frac{2b^2}{pq}-1\\geq \\frac{2b^2}{{\\left(\\frac{p+q}{2}\\right)}^2}-1=\\frac{2b^2}{a^2}-1(当且仅当p=q时取等号),从而\\frac{2b^2}{a^2}-1=\\frac{1}{2},得\\frac{b^2}{a^2}=\\frac{3}{4},又a=2,\\therefore b^2=3,$\n\n$则C的方程为\\frac{x^2}{4}+\\frac{y^2}{3}=1.$'] ['${\\frac{x^2}{4}}+{\\frac{y^2}{3}}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +881 "$已知椭圆C:\frac{y^2}{a^2} + \frac{x^2}{b^2} = 1 (a > b > 0)的离心率为\frac{\sqrt{6}}{3},且经过点P(1, \sqrt{3}).$ +$求椭圆C的方程;$" ['由题意得 \n\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}e=\\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{\\sqrt{6}}{3},\\\\ \\frac{3}{a^2}+\\frac{1}{b^2}=1,\\\\ a^2=b^2+c^2,\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n\n$解得 a = \\sqrt{6} ,b = \\sqrt{2} $\n\n$\\therefore 椭圆 C 的方程为 $\n\n$$\n\\frac{y^2}{6} + \\frac{x^2}{2} = 1\n$$'] ['$\\frac{y^2}{6} + \\frac{x^2}{2} = 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +882 "$已知椭圆 x^2/a^2+ y^2/b^2=1 (a>b>0)的右焦点为 F,上顶点为 B,离心率为 2\sqrt{5}/5,且 |BF|=\sqrt{5}.$ +求椭圆的方程;" ['$易知F(c,0),B(0,b),故|BF|=\\sqrt{c^2+b^2}=a=\\sqrt{5},$\n$因为椭圆的离心率e=\\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{2\\sqrt{5}}{5},所以c=2,所以b=\\sqrt{a^2-c^2}=1,$\n$故椭圆的方程为\\frac{x^2}{5}+y^2=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{5} + y^2 = 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +883 "$已知椭圆C:\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)与直线x=-\sqrt{2}b有且只有一个交点,点P为椭圆C上任一点,P_1(-1,0),P_2(1,0),\overrightarrow{PP_1}\cdot \overrightarrow{PP_2}的最小值为\frac{a}{2}.$ +求椭圆C的标准方程;" ['设P(x,y).\n$由题意知a=\\sqrt{2}b,所以C:x^2+2y^2=a^2,所以\\overrightarrow{PP_1}\\cdot \\overrightarrow{PP_2}=x^2+y^2-1=-y^2+a^2-1.$\n$易知当y=\\pm b时,\\overrightarrow{PP_1}\\cdot \\overrightarrow{PP_2}取得最小值,$\n$所以a^2-b^2-1=\\frac{a}{2}\\Rightarrow \\frac{a^2}{2}-1=\\frac{a}{2}\\Rightarrow a=2,所以b=\\sqrt{2},$\n$故椭圆C的标准方程为\\frac{x^2}{4}+\\frac{y^2}{2}=1.$'] ['\\frac{x^2}{4}+{\\frac{y^2}{2}}=1'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +884 "$在平面直角坐标系xOy中,椭圆C:\frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (a > b > 0)的离心率为\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2},点\left(-\sqrt{3},\frac{1}{2}\right)在椭圆C上.$ +求椭圆C的方程;" ['由题意可得\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}\\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2},\\\\ \\frac{3}{a^2}+\\frac{1}{4b^2}=1,\\\\ a^2=b^2+c^2,\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n解得\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}a^2=4\\\\ b^2=1,\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n所以椭圆C的方程为\n$$\n\\frac{x^2}{4} + y^{2} = 1\n$$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4} + y^{2} = 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +885 "$已知双曲线C: x^2/a^2 - y^2/b^2 = 1 (a>0,b>0) 的左焦点为 F,右顶点为 A,渐近线方程为 y=\pm \sqrt{3}x,F到渐近线的距离为 \sqrt{3}.$ +求C的方程;" [':\n\n$双曲线 C: \\frac{x^2}{a^2} - \\frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (a > 0, b > 0)的一条渐近线方程为 y = \\frac{b}{a} x, 焦点 F (-c, 0), $\n\n$则焦点到渐近线的距离 d = \\frac{|-bc|}{\\sqrt{a^2+b^2}} = b,$\n\n$由 F 到渐近线的距离为 \\sqrt{3} 可知 b = \\sqrt{3},$\n\n$由渐近线方程为 y = \\pm \\sqrt{3} x 知 \\frac{b}{a} = \\sqrt{3},故 a = 1,$\n\n$所以 C 的方程为 x^2 - \\frac{y^2}{3} = 1.$'] ['$x^2 - \\frac{y^2}{3} = 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +886 "$已知椭圆C: \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2}=1 (a > b > 0), F_1,F_2 为C的左,右焦点,点P \left(1,-\frac{3}{2}\right) 为椭圆上一点,且|PF_1|+|PF_2|=4. 过P作两直线与椭圆C相交于相异的两点A,B,直线PA、PB的倾斜角互补,直线AB与x,y轴正半轴相交.$ +求椭圆C的方程;" ['$由|PF_1| + |PF_2| = 4 = 2a,可得a=2,又因为点P(1,-\\frac{3}{2})在椭圆C上,所以\\frac{1}{4}+\\frac{9}{4b^2} = 1,得b^2=3,所以椭圆C的方程为\\frac{x^2}{4}+\\frac{y^2}{3}=1.$\n\n$(4分)$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4}+\\frac{y^2}{3}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +887 "$已知函数f(x)=2cos^2\omega x+2\sqrt{3}sin \omega x cos \omega x+a(\omega>0,a\in R)。再从条件①、条件②、条件③这三个条件中选择能确定函数f(x)解析式的两个合理条件作为已知:$ + +$条件①:f(x)的最大值为1;$ +$条件②:f(x)图象的一条对称轴是直线x=-\frac{\pi }{12\omega };$ +$条件③:f(x)图象的相邻两条对称轴之间的距离为\frac{\pi}{2}.$ +$求函数f(x)的解析式;$" ['$f(x) = 2cos^2 \\omega x + 2\\sqrt{3} sin \\omega x cos \\omega x + a = cos 2\\omega x + \\sqrt{3}sin 2\\omega x + a+1 = 2 sin(2\\omega x+\\frac{\\pi}{6}) + a + 1$\n\n若选条件②:\n\n$因为f(x)图象的一条对称轴是直线x = -\\frac{\\pi}{12\\omega},所以2\\omega (-\\frac{\\pi}{12\\omega}) + \\frac{\\pi}{6} = \\frac{\\pi}{2} + k\\pi,k\\in Z,即 0 = \\frac{\\pi}{2} + k\\pi ,k\\in Z,显然不成立,故条件②不合理.$\n\n选择条件①③:\n\n$因为f(x)的最大值为1, f(x)图象的相邻两条对称轴之间的距离为\\frac{\\pi}{2},$\n\n$所以2+a+1=1, T = \\pi = \\frac{2\\pi}{2\\omega },解得\\omega = 1, a = -2,$\n\n$所以f(x) = 2sin(2x+\\frac{\\pi}{6}) - 1.$'] ['f(x) = 2sin(2x+\\frac{\\pi}{6}) - 1'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +888 "$已知数列a_n的前n项和S_n=3n^2+8n,b_n是等差数列,且a_n=b_n+b_{n+1}.$ +$求数列{b_n}的通项公式;$" ['$因为数列a_n的前n项和S_n=3n^2+8n,所以a_1=S_1=11,当n\\geq 2时,a_n=S_n-S_{n-1}=3n^2+8n-3(n-1)^2-8(n-1)=6n+5,$\n$当n=1时,a_1=11也适合上式,所以a_n=6n+5.$\n$设等差数列b_n的公差为d,则a_n=b_n+b_{n+1}=2b_n+d.$\n$当n=1时,2b_1=11-d,当n=2时,2b_2=17-d,则2b_2-2b_1=2d=6,解得d=3,$\n$所以数列b_n的通项公式为b_n=\\frac{a_n-d}{2}=3n+1.$'] ['b_n=3n+1'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +889 "$已知数列a_n的前n项和S_n=3n^2+8n,b_n是等差数列,且a_n=b_n+b_{n+1}.$ +$令c_n=\frac{(a_n+1)^{n+1}}{(b_n+2)^n}, 求数列{c_n}的前n项和T_n.$" [':\n$由(1)可得c_n=\\frac{(a_n+1)^{n+1}}{(b_n+2)^n}=\\frac{(6n+6)^{n+1}}{(3n+3)^n}=(3n+3)\\cdot 2^{n+1},则T_n=6\\times 2^{2}+9\\times 2^{3}+12\\times 2^{4}+\\ldots +(3n+3)\\times 2^{n+1},$\n$2T_n=6\\times 2^{3}+9\\times 2^{4}+\\ldots +3n\\times 2^{n+1}+(3n+3)\\times 2^{n+2},$\n两式相减,得\n$-T_n=6\\times 2^{2}+3\\times 2^{3}+3\\times 2^{4}+\\ldots +3\\times 2^{n+1}-(3n+3)\\times 2^{n+2}=3\\times 2^{2}+\\frac{3 \\times 2^2(1-2^n)}{1-2}-(3n+3)\\times 2^{n+2}=-3n\\cdot 2^{n+2},$\n$所以T_n=3n\\cdot 2^{n+2}.$'] ['$T_n=3n\\cdot 2^{n+2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +890 "$已知数列a_n和b_n满足a_1=1, b_1=0, 4a_{n+1}=3a_n-b_n+4, 4b_{n+1}=3b_n-a_n-4.$ +$求a_n和b_n的通项公式.$" ['$由(1)知,a_n + b_n = \\frac{1}{2^{n-1}},a_n - b_n=2n-1. $\n$所以a_n=\\frac{1}{2}[(a_n+b_n) + (a_n-b_n)]=\\frac{1}{2^n}+n-\\frac{1}{2}, $\n$b_n=\\frac{1}{2}[(a_n+b_n) - (a_n-b_n)]=\\frac{1}{2^n}-n+\\frac{1}{2}.$'] ['a_n=\\frac{1}{2^n}+n-\\frac{1}{2}}, {b_n=\\frac{1}{2^n}-n+\\frac{1}{2}'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +891 "$已知等差数列a_n的首项a_1=-1,公差d>1。记a_n的前n项和为S_n (n\in N^)。$ +$若 S_4-2a^2a_3+6=0,求 S_n;$" ['$易得a_n=(n-1)d-1,n \\in N^,S_4=a_1+a_2+a_3+a_4=4a_1+6d=6d-4。 $\n\n$又S_4-2a_2a_3+6=0,\\therefore 6d-4-2(d-1)(2d-1)+6=0, $\n\n$\\therefore d=3或d=0(舍),则a_n=3n-4,n \\in N^, $\n\n$故S_n=3(1+2+\\ldots +n)-4n=\\frac{3n(n+1)-8n}{2}=\\frac{3n^2-5n}{2},n \\in N^.$'] ['$\\frac{3n^2-5n}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +892 "$已知数列{a_n}单调递增,其前n项和为S_n,且a_1=2,S_n=\frac{a^2_n}{4}+n.$ +$求数列{a_n}的通项公式;$" ['$因为 S_n = \\frac{{a_n}^2}{4} + n,所以当 n \\geq 2 时,S_{n-1} = \\frac{{a_{n-1}}^2}{4} + n - 1,$\n\n$所以当 n \\geq 2 时,S_n - S_{n-1} = \\frac{{a_n}^2 - {a_{n-1}}^2}{4} + 1 = a_n,整理得 (a_n - 2)^2 = a_{n-1}^2。$\n\n$因为数列 {a_n} 单调递增,且 a_1 = 2,所以当 n \\geq 2 时,a_n - 2 > 0,a_{n-1} > 0,$\n\n$所以当 n \\geq 2 时,a_n - 2 = a_{n-1},即 a_n - a_{n-1} = 2。$\n\n$所以数列 {a_n} 是以 2 为首项,2 为公差的等差数列。$\n\n$所以 a_n = 2 + 2(n-1) = 2n。$'] ['$a_n = 2n$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +893 "$已知数列{a_n}单调递增,其前n项和为S_n,且a_1=2,S_n=\frac{a^2_n}{4}+n.$ +$设b_n=a_n\cdot 3^{\frac{a_n}{2}}-1,求数列{b_n}的前n项和T_n.$" ['$由(1)得 b_n = 2n \\cdot 3^n -1,所以,T_n = b_1 + b_2 + b_3 + ... + b_n = 2(1 \\times 3^{1} + 2 \\times 3^{2} + 3 \\times 3^{3} + ... + n \\times 3^n) - n.$\n\n$设 B_n = 1 \\times 3^{1} + 2 \\times 3^{2} + 3 \\times 3^{3} + ... + n \\times 3^n,则 3B_n = 1 \\times 3^{2} + 2 \\times 3^{3} + ... + (n-1) \\times 3^n + n \\times 3^{n+1},所以 -2B_n = 3^{1} + 3^{2} + 3^{3} + ... + 3^n - n \\cdot 3^{n+1}=\\frac{3(1-3^n)}{1-3}-n \\cdot 3^{n+1} =\\left(\\frac{1}{2}-n \\right) 3^{n+1}-\\frac{3}{2},$\n \n$所以 2B_n=\\left(n-\\frac{1}{2}\\right) 3^{n+1}+\\frac{3}{2},所以 T_n = 2B_n - n = \\left(n-\\frac{1}{2}\\right) 3^{n+1} - n + \\frac{3}{2}.$\n\n'] ['T_n = \\left(n-\\frac{1}{2}\\right) 3^{n+1} - n + \\frac{3}{2}'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +894 "$已知a_n为等差数列,前n项和为S_n(n\in N^),b_n是首项为2的等比数列,且公比大于0,b_2+b_3=12,b_3=a_4-2a_1,S_{11}=11b_4.$ +$求a_n和b_n的通项公式;$" ['$设等差数列a_n的公差为d,等比数列b_n的公比为q(q>0). $\n\n$由b_2+b_3=12,得b_1(q+q^2)=12,又b_1=2,所以q^2+q-6=0.$\n\n$解得q=2或q=-3(舍去).所以b_n=2^n.$\n\n$由b_3=a_4-2a_1,可得3d-a_1=8①.由S_{11}=11b_4,可得a_1+5d=16②.$\n\n$联立①②,解得a_1=1,d=3,故a_n=3n-2.$\n\n$所以a_n的通项公式为a_n=3n-2,b_n的通项公式为b_n=2^n.$'] ['$a_n=3n-2,b_n=2^n$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +895 "$已知函数f(x)=(x-2)e^{x}-\frac{a}{2}(x-1)^2, a \in R.$ +$当a=2时,求曲线y=f(x)在点(0,f(0))处的切线方程;$" "[""$当 a=2 时, f(x)=(x-2)e^x-(x-1)^2,$\n$所以 f'(x)=(x-1)e^x-2(x-1)。$\n$又因为 f(0)=(0-2)\\times e^0-(0-1)^2=-3,f'(0)=(0-1)\\times e^0-2(0-1)=1,$\n$所以曲线 y=f(x) 在(0, f(0))处的切线方程为 y+3=x-0,即 y=x-3.$""]" ['$y=x-3$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +896 "$已知函数f(x)=x+\frac{a}{e^x} (a>0)$ +$求函数f(x)的极值.$" "[""$因为f(x) = x + \\frac{a}{e^x}(a > 0),$\n\n$所以 f'(x) = 1 - \\frac{a}{e^x} = \\frac{e^x - a}{e^x},$\n\n$令 f'(x) > 0,得 x > \\ln a, 令 f'(x) < 0, 得 x < \\ln a,$\n\n$所以函数 f(x) 在 (-\\infty, \\ln a) 上单调递减,在 (\\ln a, +\\infty) 上单调递增,$\n\n$所以函数 f(x) 无极大值,有极小值,为 f(\\ln a) = 1 + \\ln a.$""]" ['$1 + \\ln a$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +897 "$已知函数f(x) = e^x \sin x - 2x.$ +$求曲线 y=f(x) 在点 (0, f(0)) 处的切线方程。$" "[""$因为 f(x) = e^x \\sin x - 2x,所以 f'(x) = e^x(\\sin x + \\cos x) -2,则 f'(0) = -1,又 f(0) = 0,所以曲线 y = f(x) 在点 (0, f(0)) 处的切线方程为 y = -x.$""]" ['$y = -x$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +898 "甲、乙两人投篮,每次由其中一人投篮,规则如下:若命中则此人继续投篮,若未命中则换为对方投篮.无论之前投篮情况如何,甲每次投篮的命中率均为0.6,乙每次投篮的命中率均为0.8.由抽签确定第1次投篮的人选,第1次投篮的人是甲、乙的概率各为0.5. +求第i次投篮的人是甲的概率;" ['$设“第i次投篮的人是甲”的概率为P_i,$\n$则第i-1次投篮的人是甲的概率为P_{i-1},第i-1次投篮的人是乙的概率为1-P_{i-1},$\n$则P_i=0.6\\cdot P_{i-1}+(1-P_{i-1})\\times 0.2(i\\geq 2),$\n$即P_i=\\frac{1}{5}+\\frac{2}{5}P_{i-1}(i\\geq 2),则P_i-\\frac{1}{3}=\\frac{2}{5}(P_{i-1}-\\frac{1}{3}),$\n$又P_1=\\frac{1}{2},\\therefore P_1-\\frac{1}{3}=\\frac{1}{2}-\\frac{1}{3}=\\frac{1}{6}\\neq 0,$\n$\\therefore 数列\\left\\{P_i-\\frac{1}{3}\\right\\}是以\\frac{1}{6}为首项,\\frac{2}{5}为公比的等比数列.$\n$\\therefore P_i-\\frac{1}{3}=\\frac{1}{6}(\\frac{2}{5})^{i-1},即P_i=\\frac{1}{6}(\\frac{2}{5})^{i-1}+\\frac{1}{3},$\n$\\therefore 第i次投篮的人是甲的概率为\\frac{1}{6}(\\frac{2}{5})^{i-1}+\\frac{1}{3}.$'] ['$\\frac{1}{6}(\\frac{2}{5})^{i-1}+\\frac{1}{3}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +899 "甲、乙两人投篮,每次由其中一人投篮,规则如下:若命中则此人继续投篮,若未命中则换为对方投篮.无论之前投篮情况如何,甲每次投篮的命中率均为0.6,乙每次投篮的命中率均为0.8.由抽签确定第1次投篮的人选,第1次投篮的人是甲、乙的概率各为0.5. +$已知:若随机变量 X_{i} 服从两点分布,且 P(X_{i}=1)=1-P(X_{i}=0)=q_{i}, i=1,2,\ldots ,n ,则 E\left(\sum \limits^{n}_{i=1}X_i\right)=\sum \limits^{n}_{i=1}q_i 。记前 n 次 (即从第1次到第 n 次投篮)中甲投篮的次数为 Y ,求 E(Y) 。$" ['$由题意知E\u200b(Y)=\\sum \\limits^{n}_{i=1}\\left[\\frac{1}{3}+\\frac{1}{6}\\times \\left(\\frac{2}{5}\\right)^{i-1}\\right]=\\frac{n}{3}+\\frac{1}{6}\\times \\frac{1\\times \\left[1-\\left(\\frac{2}{5}\\right)^n\\right]}{1-\\frac{2}{5}}=\\frac{n}{3}+\\frac{5}{18}\\times \\left[1-\\left(\\frac{2}{5}\\right)^n\\right].$\n\n'] ['$\\frac{n}{3}+\\frac{5}{18}\\times \\left[1-\\left(\\frac{2}{5}\\right)^n\\right]$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Expression Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +900 "某社区组织了一次公益讲座.向社区居民普及垃圾分类知识.为了解讲座效果,随机抽取10位社区居民,让他们在讲座前和讲座后分别回答一份垃圾分类知识问卷.这10位社区居民的讲座前和讲座后答卷的正确率如下表: + +| 编号/准确率 | 1号 | 2号 | 3号 | 4号 | 5号 | 6号 | 7号 | 8号 | 9号 | 10号 | +|-------------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------|------| +| 讲座前 | 65% | 60% | 70% | 100% | 65% | 75% | 90% | 85% | 80% | 60% | +| 讲座后 | 90% | 85% | 80% | 95% | 85% | 85% | 95% | 100% | 85% | 90% | + +$从正确率不低于90\%的垃圾分类知识答卷中随机抽取3份,记随机变量x为抽中讲座前答卷的份数,求随机变量x的数学期望;$" ['正确率不低于90%的垃圾分类知识答卷中,讲座前有2份,讲座后有5份,X的所有可能取值是0,1,2,\n\n$P(X=0)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^3_5}{\\mathrm{C}^3_7}=\\frac{2}{7};P(X=1)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_2\\cdot \\mathrm{C}^2_5}{\\mathrm{C}^3_7}=\\frac{4}{7};$\n\n$P(X=2)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^2_2\\cdot \\mathrm{C}^1_5}{\\mathrm{C}^3_7}=\\frac{1}{7}。$\n\n故X的分布列为\n\n| X | 0 | 1 | 2 |\n|:----:|:---:|:---:|:---:|\n| P | $\\frac{2}{7}$ | $\\frac{4}{7}$ | $\\frac{1}{7}$ |\n\n$故E(X)=0\\times \\frac{2}{7}+1\\times \\frac{4}{7}+2\\times \\frac{1}{7}=\\frac{6}{7}.$\n\n'] ['$\\frac{6}{7}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +901 "周末李梦提出和父亲、母亲、弟弟进行羽毛球比赛,李梦与他们三人各进行一场比赛,共进行三场比赛,而且三场比赛相互独立.根据李梦最近分别与父亲、母亲、弟弟比赛的情况,得到如下统计表: + +| | 父亲 | 母亲 | 弟弟 | +|:---------:|:------:|:------:|:-------:| +|比赛的次数 | 50 | 60 | 40 | +|李梦获胜的次数 | 10 | 30 | 32 | + +以上表中的频率作为概率,求解下列问题。 +如果按照第一场与父亲比赛、第二场与母亲比赛、第三场与弟弟比赛的顺序进行比赛: 如果李梦胜一场得1分,负一场得0分,设李梦的得分为X,求X的期望." ['$X的所有可能取值为0,1,2,3,$\n$则 P(X=0)=\\left(1-\\frac{1}{5}\\right) \\times \\left(1-\\frac{1}{2}\\right) \\times \\left(1-\\frac{4}{5}\\right) = \\frac{2}{25},$\n$P(X=1)=\\left(1-\\frac{1}{5}\\right) \\times \\left(1-\\frac{1}{2}\\right) \\times \\frac{4}{5} + \\left(1-\\frac{1}{5}\\right) \\times \\frac{1}{2} \\times \\left(1-\\frac{4}{5}\\right) + \\frac{1}{5} \\times \\left(1-\\frac{1}{2}\\right) \\times \\left(1-\\frac{4}{5}\\right) = \\frac{21}{50},$\n$P(X=2)=\\left(1-\\frac{1}{5}\\right) \\times \\frac{1}{2} \\times \\frac{4}{5} + \\frac{1}{5} \\times \\frac{1}{2} \\times \\left(1-\\frac{4}{5}\\right) + \\frac{1}{5} \\times \\left(1-\\frac{1}{2}\\right) \\times \\frac{4}{5} = \\frac{21}{50},$\n$P(X=3)= \\frac{1}{5} \\times \\frac{1}{2} \\times \\frac{4}{5} = \\frac{2}{25}.$\n故分布列为\n\n| X | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |\n|---|---|---|---|---|\n| P | $\\frac{2}{25}$ | $\\frac{21}{50}$ | $\\frac{21}{50}$ | $\\frac{2}{25}$ |\n\n$E(X)=0\\times \\frac{2}{25} +1\\times \\frac{21}{50} +2\\times \\frac{21}{50} +3\\times \\frac{2}{25} = \\frac{3}{2}.$\n\n'] ['$\\frac{3}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +902 "$已知椭圆 C 的方程为 \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (a > b > 0),若右焦点为 F(\sqrt{2},0),且离心率为 \frac{\sqrt{6}}{3}。$ +求椭圆C的方程;" ['由题意得\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\nc=\\sqrt{2},\\\\ \ne=\\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{\\sqrt{6}}{3},\\\\ \na^2=b^2+c^2,\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n解得\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\na^2=3,\\\\ \nb^2=1,\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n故椭圆C的方程为\n$$\n\\frac{x^2}{3}+ y^{2}=1.\n$$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{3}+ y^{2}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +903 "$设椭圆 x^2/a^2 + y^2/b^2=1 (a>b>0) 的左焦点为 F,上顶点为 B. 已知椭圆的短轴长为4,离心率为 \sqrt{5}/5。$ +求椭圆的方程;" ['$设椭圆的半焦距为c,依题意,2b=4,\\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{\\sqrt{5}}{5},又a^2=b^2+c^2,可得a=\\sqrt{5},b=2,c=1.所以,椭圆的方程为\\frac{x^2}{5}+\\frac{y^2}{4}=1.$\n\n思路分析\n\n$根据条件求出基本量a,b得到椭圆方程.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{5}+\\frac{y^2}{4}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +904 "$已知椭圆E: \frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)的左,右焦点为F1,F2,离心率e= \frac{2}{3}, P为椭圆E上任意一点,且满足 \overrightarrow{PF_1} \cdot \overrightarrow{PF_2} 的最小值为1.$ +$求椭圆E的标准方程;$" ['设点$P(x_0,y_0), F_1(-c,0), F_2(c,0),则 \\(\\frac{x_0^2}{a^2}\\) + \\(\\frac{y_0^2}{b^2}\\) = 1,即 \\(y_0^2\\) = \\(b^2(1- \\frac{x_0^2}{a^2})\\), $$\\overrightarrow{PF_1} = (-c - x_0, -y_0), \\overrightarrow{PF_2} = (c-x_0,-y_0),$\n所以 $\\overrightarrow{PF_1} \\cdot \\overrightarrow{PF_2} = (x_0 + c)(x_0 - c) + y_0^2 = x_0^2 + y_0^2 - c^2 = \\frac{a^2 - b^2}{a^2} x_0^2 + b^2 - c^2,$\n所以当$x_0=0$时,$\\overrightarrow{PF_1} \\cdot \\overrightarrow{PF_2}取得最小值1,所以 b^2 - c^2 = 1,$\n由 $\\begin{cases}b^2 - c^2 = 1,\\\\ e = \\frac{c}{a} = \\frac{2}{3},\\\\ a^2 = b^2 + c^2\\end{cases} 解得 \\begin{cases}a^2 = 9,\\\\ b^2 = 5,\\\\ c^2 = 4\\end{cases}$\n所以椭圆E的标准方程为$\\frac{x^2}{9} + \\frac{y^2}{5}=1$.'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{9} + \\frac{y^2}{5}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +905 "$已知椭圆𝐶:\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(𝑎> 𝑏>0)过点𝐷(-2,0),且焦距为2\sqrt{3}。$ +求椭圆C的方程;" ['$由题意得\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}2c=2\\sqrt{3},\\\\ a=2,\\\\ a^2=b^2+c^2.\\end{matrix}\\right.解得\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}a^2=4,\\\\ b^2=1.\\end{matrix}\\right. $\n$故椭圆C的方程为\\frac{x^2}{4}+y^2=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4}+y^2=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +906 "$已知椭圆 C:\frac{y^2}{a^2}+\frac{x^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)的离心率为\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2},点 P(1,0)在椭圆 C 上,直线 y=y_0与椭圆 C 交于不同的两点 A,B。$ +求椭圆C的方程;" ['由题意得\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}\\frac{1}{b^2}=1,\\\\ \\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2},\\\\ a^2=b^2+c^2,\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n\n$解得a^2=2,b^2=1.$\n$所以椭圆C的方程为$\n\n$\\frac{y^2}{2}$\n\n$+x^2=1.$'] ['$\\frac{y^2}{2}+x^2=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +907 "$已知椭圆C: \frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1 (a>b>0)过点(0,\sqrt{3}),且离心率为\frac{1}{2}.设A,B为椭圆C的左、右顶点,P为椭圆上异于A,B的一点,直线AP,BP分别与直线l: x=4相交于M,N两点,且直线MB与椭圆C交于另一点H.$ +求椭圆C的标准方程;" ['由\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}b=\\sqrt{3},\\\\ \\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{1}{2},\\\\ a^2=b^2+c^2,\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n得\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}a=2,\\\\ b=\\sqrt{3},\\\\ c=1,\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n所以椭圆C的标准方程是\n$\\frac{x^2}{4}+\\frac{y^2}{3}=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4}+\\frac{y^2}{3}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +908 "$已知点P是椭圆C上的任意一点,P到直线l_1:x=-2的距离为d_1,与点F(-1,0)的距离为d_2,且\frac{d_2}{d_1}=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}.$ +求椭圆C的方程;" ['$设P(x,y),则d_1 = |x + 2|,d_2 = \\sqrt{{(x+1)}^2 + y^2},$\n$\\therefore \\frac{d_2}{d_1} = \\frac{\\sqrt{{(x+1)}^2 + y^2}}{|x+2|} = \\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2},化简得 \\frac{x^2}{2} + y^2 = 1,$\n$\\therefore 椭圆C的方程为 \\frac{x^2}{2} + y^2 = 1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{2} + y^2 = 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +909 "$已知椭圆C: \frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)的离心率是\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2},且过点P(\sqrt{2},1).直线y=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}x+m与椭圆C相交于A,B两点.$ +求椭圆C的方程;" ['设椭圆C的半焦距为c.\n\n$由 \\frac{c^2}{a^2}= \\frac{a^2-b^2}{a^2}=1-\\frac{b^2}{a^2}=\\frac{1}{2},得 a^2=2b^2.$\n\n$由 \\left\\{\\begin{matrix}a^2=2b^2,\\\\ \\frac{2}{a^2}+\\frac{1}{b^2}=1,\\end{matrix}\\right. 解得 \\left\\{\\begin{matrix}a^2=4,\\\\ b^2=2.\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n\n$所以椭圆C的方程为 \\frac{x^2}{4} + \\frac{y^2}{2}=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4} + \\frac{y^2}{2}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +910 "$已知椭圆C: \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (a > b > 0) 经过点(2,0),一个焦点为(\sqrt{3},0)。$ +$求椭圆C的方程;$" ['$由题意得a=2,c=\\sqrt{3},因为a^2-b^2=c^2,所以b=1。所以椭圆C的方程是\\frac{x^2}{4}+y^2=1。$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4}+y^2=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +911 "$已知中心在原点,焦点在x轴上的椭圆C过点 (1, \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}),离心率为 \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2},点A为其右顶点。过点B(1,0)作直线l与椭圆C相交于E、F两点,直线AE、AF与直线x=3分别交于点M、N。$ +$求椭圆 C 的方程;$" ['$设椭圆的标准方程为 x^2/a^2 + y^2/b^2 = 1(a > b > 0),$\n由题意,得 \n$$\n\\begin{aligned}\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\n1/a^2 + 3/4b^2=1,\\\\ \nc/a=\\sqrt{3}/2,\\\\ \na^2=b^2+c^2,\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n\\end{aligned}\n$$\n$解得 a^2=4,b^2=1,$\n$所以椭圆 C 的标准方程为 x^2/4 + y^2 = 1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4} + y^2 = 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +912 "$已知椭圆 C:\frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (a>b>0)经过点 P(2,1),P到椭圆 C 的两个焦点的距离和为 4\sqrt{2}.$ +求椭圆C的方程;" ['$由题意得 $\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}2a=4\\sqrt{2},\\\\ \\frac{4}{a^2}+\\frac{1}{b^2}=1,\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n$所以a^2=8,b^2=2,$\n$所以椭圆C的方程为 \\frac{x^2}{8} + \\frac{y^2}{2} =1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{8} + \\frac{y^2}{2} =1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +913 "$已知\frac{\pi }{4}<\alpha <\frac{\pi }{2}, f(\alpha )=\frac{2\cos \left(\frac{\pi }{2}+\alpha \right) \cdot \sqrt{1-\sin 2\alpha }}{\tan (\alpha +\pi ) \cdot \sqrt{2+2\cos 2\alpha }}.$ +$化简f(\alpha);$" ['$f(\\alpha)=\\frac{-2\\sin \\alpha \\cdot \\sqrt{\\sin ^2\\alpha -2\\sin \\alpha \\cdot \\cos \\alpha +\\cos ^2\\alpha }}{\\tan \\alpha \\cdot \\sqrt{2 \\cdot 2\\cos ^2\\alpha }}$\n\n$=-\\frac{\\sin \\alpha \\cdot |\\sin \\alpha -\\cos \\alpha |}{\\frac{\\sin \\alpha }{\\cos \\alpha } \\cdot |\\cos \\alpha |},\\because\\frac{\\pi }{4}<\\alpha<\\frac{\\pi }{2},$\n\n$\\therefore f(\\alpha)=-\\frac{\\sin \\alpha \\cdot (\\sin \\alpha -\\cos \\alpha )}{\\frac{\\sin \\alpha }{\\cos \\alpha } \\cdot \\cos \\alpha }=\\cos \\alpha-\\sin \\alpha.$'] ['$\\cos \\alpha-\\sin \\alpha$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +914 "$记各项均为正数的数列a_n的前n项和是S_n,已知a_n^2 + a_n = 2S_n,n为正整数.$ +$求a_n的通项公式;$" ['$由a_n^2+a_n=2S_n得当n\\geq 2时,a_{n-1}^2+a_{n-1}=2S_{n-1},两式相减得a_n^2-a_{n-1}^2+a_n-a_{n-1}=2a_n,$\n$即(a_n-a_{n-1}-1)(a_n+a_{n-1})=0,因为数列各项均为正数,所以a_n=a_{n-1}+1(n\\geq 2),即a_n-a_{n-1}=1(n\\geq 2),$\n$故{a_n}是公差为1的等差数列,又当n=1时,a_1^2+a_1=2a_1,解得a_1=1,所以a_n=n.$'] ['$a_n=n$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +915 "$记各项均为正数的数列a_n的前n项和是S_n,已知a_n^2 + a_n = 2S_n,n为正整数.$ +$设b_n=tan a_n\cdot tan a_{n+1},求数列{b_n}的前n项和T_n.$" ['$\\\\tan 1=\\\\tan [(n+1)-n]=\\frac{\\\\tan (n+1)-\\\\tan n}{1+\\\\tan (n+1)\\\\tan n}$\n\n$故 b_n=\\tan(n+1)\\tan n=\\frac{\\tan (n+1)-\\tan n}{\\tan 1}-1$\n\n$则 T_n=b_1+b_2+b_3⋯+b_n=\\frac{1}{\\tan 1}[\\tan(n+1)-\\tan n+\\tan n-\\tan(n-1)+⋯+\\tan 2-\\tan 1]-n=\\frac{1}{\\tan 1}[\\tan(n+1)-\\tan 1]-n=\\frac{\\tan (n+1)}{\\tan 1}-n-1$'] ['$\\frac{\\tan (n+1)}{\\tan 1}-n-1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +916 "$已知数列a_n的前n项和为S_n,a_1=-11,a_2=-9,且S_{n+1}+S_{n-1}=2S_n+2 (n\geq 2).$ +$求数列{a_n}的通项公式;$" [':\n$由题意知(S_{n+1}-S_n)-(S_n-S_{n-1})=2(n\\geq 2),则a_{n+1}-a_n=2(n\\geq 2),$\n$又a_2-a_1=2,所以{a_n}是首项为-11,公差为2的等差数列,则a_n=a_1+(n-1)d=2n-13.$'] ['${a_n}=2n-13$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +917 "$已知数列{a_n}的前n项和S_n满足S_n=2a_n-1.$ +$求数列a_n的通项公式;$" ['$当n=1时,S_1=2a_1-1,解得a_1=1。$\n\n$当n\\geq 2时,S_{n-1}=2a_{n-1}-1,则S_n-S_{n-1}=a_n=2a_n-2a_{n-1},即a_n=2a_{n-1}。$\n\n$所以{a_n}是以1为首项,2为公比的等比数列,所以a_n=2^{n-1} (n\\in N^)。$'] ['a_n=2^{n-1}'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +918 "$已知数列{a_n}的前n项和S_n满足S_n=2a_n-1.$ +$记b_n = \frac{2n-1}{a_n},求数列{b_n}的前n项和T_n.$" ['$b_n=\\frac{2n-1}{a_n}=\\frac{2n-1}{2^{n-1}},\\therefore T_n=1+\\frac{3}{2^1}+\\frac{5}{2^2}+\\ldots +\\frac{2n-1}{2^{n-1}}$\n\n$\\therefore \\frac{1}{2}T_n=\\frac{1}{2^1}+\\frac{3}{2^2}+\\frac{5}{2^3}+\\ldots +\\frac{2n-3}{2^{n-1}}+\\frac{2n-1}{2^n}$\n\n$两式相减得 \\frac{1}{2}T_n=1+\\frac{2}{2^1}+\\frac{2}{2^2}+\\frac{2}{2^3}+\\ldots +\\frac{2}{2^{n-1}}-\\frac{2n-1}{2^n}=3-\\frac{2n+3}{2^n},\\therefore T_n=6-\\frac{2n+3}{2^{n-1}}(n \\in N^).$'] ['$T_n=6-\\frac{2n+3}{2^{n-1}}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +919 "$已知数列{a_n}满足a_na_{n+1}=2^{2n},a_1=1.$ +$求a_{2n};$" ['$因为a_n a_{n+1} = 2^{2n}, a_1 = 1, 所以a_1a_2 = 2^2, a_2 = 4, 又a_{n+1}a_{n+2} = 2^{2n+2},所以\\frac{a_{n+1}a_{n+2}}{a_na_{n+1}} = \\frac{a_{n+2}}{a_n} = \\frac{2^{2n+2}}{2^{2n}} = 4,所以{a_n}的奇数项是以1为首项,4为公比的等比数列,偶数项是以4为首项,4为公比的等比数列,所以a_n = \\begin{cases} 2^{n-1}, & \\text{if } n \\text{ is odd} \\\\ 2^n, & \\text{if } n \\text{ is even} \\end{cases}, 所以a_{2n} = 2^{2n}.$'] ['$2^{2n}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +920 "$已知正项数列{a_n},其前n项和S_n满足a_n(2S_n-a_n)=1(n\in N^).$ +$求证:数列{S^2_n}是等差数列,并求出S_{n}的表达式;$" ['$依题意,得正项数列a_n中,a^2_1=1,即a_1=1,当n\\geq 2时,a_n=S_n-S_{n-1},即(S_n-S_{n-1})[2S_n-(S_n-S_{n-1})]=1,整理得S^2_n-S^2_{n-1}=1,又S^2_1=a^2_1=1,因此,数列S^2_n是以1为首项,1为公差的等差数列,则S^2_n=n,因为a_n是正项数列,即S_n>0,所以S_n=\\sqrt{n}.$'] ['$S_n=\\sqrt{n}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +921 "$等差数列{a_n}的前n项和为S_n,已知a_{10}=30,a_{20}=50.$ +$求通项公式a_n;$" ['$设等差数列a_n的公差为d,$\n依题意有\n$$\n\\begin{align*}\na_{10}&=a_1+9d=30,\\\\ \na_{20}&=a_1+19d=50,\n\\end{align*}\n$$\n解得\n$$\n\\begin{align*}\na_1&=12,\\\\ \nd&=2,\n\\end{align*}\n$$\n$所以a_n=2n+10 (n\\in N^).$'] ['$a_n=2n+10$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +922 "$已知数列a_n满足a_1=2,a_{n+1}=2a_n-n+1 (n\in N^).$ +$数列b_n满足:b_n=\frac{n}{2a_n-2n}(n\in N^{}),求数列b_n的前n项和S_n.$" ['$由(1)知,b_n=\\frac{n}{2(2^{n-1}+n)-2n}=\\frac{n}{2^n},S_n=\\frac{1}{2}+\\frac{2}{2^2}+\\frac{3}{2^3}+\\ldots +\\frac{n}{2^n},$\n\n$则\\frac{1}{2}S_n=\\frac{1}{2^2}+\\frac{2}{2^3}+\\frac{3}{2^4}+\\ldots +\\frac{n-1}{2^n}+\\frac{n}{2^{n+1}},$\n\n$于是得\\frac{1}{2}S_n=\\frac{1}{2}+\\frac{1}{2^2}+\\frac{1}{2^3}+\\ldots +\\frac{1}{2^n}-\\frac{n}{2^{n+1}}=\\frac{\\frac{1}{2}\\left[1-\\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^n\\right]}{1-\\frac{1}{2}}-\\frac{n}{2^{n+1}}=1-\\frac{1}{2^n}-\\frac{n}{2^{n+1}}=1-\\frac{n+2}{2^{n+1}},$\n\n$S_n=2-\\frac{n+2}{2^n},$\n\n$所以数列{b_n}的前n项和S_n=2-\\frac{n+2}{2^n}。$'] ['$S_n=2-\\frac{n+2}{2^n}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +923 "$设{a_n}是等差数列,a_1=-10,且a_2+10,a_3+8,a_4+6成等比数列.$ +$求a_n的通项公式;$" ['$设a_n的公差为d.因为a_1=-10,$\n$所以a_2=-10+d,a_3=-10+2d,a_4=-10+3d.$\n$因为a_2+10,a_3+8,a_4+6成等比数列,$\n$所以(a_3+8)^2=(a_2+10)(a_4+6).$\n$所以(-2+2d)^2=d(-4+3d).解得d_1=d_2=2.$\n$所以a_n=a_1+(n-1)d=2n-12.$'] ['$a_n=2n-12$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +924 "$设等差数列a_n的公差为d,且d>1,令b_n=\frac{n^2+n}{a_n},记S_n,T_n分别为数列a_n,b_n的前n项和.$ +$若3a^2=3a^1+a^3, S^3+T^3=21,求{a^n}的通项公式;$" [':\n\n$因为 3a_2 = 3a_1 + a_3,所以 3(a_1 + d) = 3a_1 + a_1 + 2d,$\n\n$因此 a_1 = d > 1,所以 S_3 = a_1 + a_2 + a_3 = a_1 + a_1 + d + a_1 + 2d = 6a_1,$\n\n$又因为 b_n = \\frac{n^2+n}{a_n},所以 b_1 = \\frac{2}{a_1},b_2 = \\frac{6}{a_2} = \\frac{6}{a_1+d} = \\frac{3}{a_1},b_3 = \\frac{12}{a_3} = \\frac{12}{a_1+2d} = \\frac{4}{a_1},$\n\n$所以 T_3 = b_1 + b_2 + b_3 = \\frac{9}{a_1},$\n\n$因此 S_3 + T_3 = 6a_1 + \\frac{9}{a_1} = 21,$\n\n$解得 a_1 = 3 或 a_1 = \\frac{1}{2}(舍弃),所以 a_n = 3n。$'] ['$a_n = 3n$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +925 "$记S_n为等差数列{a_n}的前n项和,已知a_2=11,S_{10}=40.$ +$求a_n的通项公式;$" ['$设等差数列a_n的公差为d$\n\n则有以下等式:\n\n$\\begin{cases}\na_1+d=11, \\\\\n10a_1+45d=40, \\\\\n\\end{cases}$\n\n解得:\n\n$\\begin{cases}\na_1=13, \\\\\nd=-2, \\\\\n\\end{cases}$\n\n$\\therefore a_n=13-2(n-1)=15-2n.$'] ['$a_n=15-2n$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +926 "$记S_n为等差数列{a_n}的前n项和.已知S_9=-a_5.$ +$若a_3=4,求{a_n}的通项公式;$" ['$设a_n的公差为d.$\n\n$由S_9=-a_5得$\n\n$\\frac{9(a_1+a_9)}{2}$\n\n$=-a_5, 化简得a_5=0,即a_1+4d=0.$\n\n$由a_3=4得 a_1+2d=4.$\n\n$于是a_1=8,d=-2.$\n\n$因此a_n的通项公式为a_n=10-2n.$'] ['${a_n}=10-2n$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +927 "$记S_n为公差不为零的等差数列{a_n}的前n项和,若a_3=S_5,a_2\cdot a_4=S_4.$ +$求a_n的通项公式;$" ['解法一:\n$设等差数列a_n的公差为d(d\\neq 0),则a_3=S_5\\Rightarrow a_1+2d=5a_1+10d\\Rightarrow 4a_1+8d=0\\Rightarrow a_1+2d=0\\Rightarrow a_1=-2d,①$\n$a_2\\cdot a_4=S_4\\Rightarrow (a_1+d)(a_1+3d)=4a_1+6d,② $\n$将①代入②得-d^2=-2d\\Rightarrow d=0(舍)或d=2,$\n$\\therefore a_1=-2d=-4,\\therefore a_n=-4+(n-1)\\times 2=2n-6.$\n\n解法二:\n$由等差数列的性质可得S_5=5a_3,则a_3=5a_3,\\therefore a_3=0,$\n$设等差数列的公差为d,$\n$从而有a_2.a_4=(a_3-d)(a_3+d)=-d^2,$\n$S_4=a_1+a_2+a_3+a_4=(a_3-2d)+(a_3-d)+a_3+(a_3+d)=-2d,$\n$从而-d^2=-2d,由于公差不为零,故d=2,$\n$所以数列{a_n}的通项公式为a_n=a_3+(n-3)d=2n-6.$'] ['$a_n=2n-6$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +928 "$设a_n是等差数列,且a_1=ln 2,a_2+a_3=5ln 2.$ +$求a_n的通项公式;$" ['$设a_n的公差为d.$\n\n$因为a_2+a_3=5ln 2,所以2a_1+3d=5ln 2.$\n\n$又a_1=ln 2,所以d=ln 2.所以a_n=a_1+(n-1)d=nln 2.$'] ['a_n=n\\ln 2'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +929 "$设a_n是等差数列,且a_1=ln 2,a_2+a_3=5ln 2.$ +$求e^{a_1}+e^{a_2}+\ldots +e^{a_n}.$" ['$因为 e^{a_1} = e^{ln 2} = 2, \\frac{e^{a_n}}{e^{a_{n-1}}} = e^{a_n - a_{n-1}} = e^{ln 2} = 2$\n$所以{e^{a_n}}是首项为2,公比为2的等比数列.$\n$所以 e^{a_1} + e^{a_2} + \\ldots + e^{a_n} = 2 \\times \\frac{1 - 2^n}{1 - 2} = 2^{n + 1} - 2.$'] ['$2^{n + 1} - 2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +930 "$已知等差数列{a_n}和等比数列{b_n}满足a_1=b_1=1, a_2+a_4=10, b_2 b_4=a_5.$ +$求a_n的通项公式;$" ['$设等差数列{a_n}的公差为d.因为a_2+a_4=10,所以2a_1+4d=10,又a_1=1,所以d=2。所以a_n=2n-1.$'] ['a_n=2n-1'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +931 "$已知等差数列{a_n}和等比数列{b_n}满足a_1=b_1=1, a_2+a_4=10, b_2 b_4=a_5.$ +$求和:b_1+b_3+b_5+...+b_{2n-1}.$" ['$设等比数列b_n的公比为q.因为b_2b_4=a_5,所以b_1qb_1q^3=9. 又b_1=1,所以q^2=3. 所以b_{2n-1}=b_1q^{2n-2}=3^{n-1}. 从而b_1+b_3+b_5+\\ldots +b_{2n-1}=1+3+3^2+\\ldots +3^{n-1} = \\frac{3^n-1}{2}.$'] ['$\\frac{3^n-1}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +932 "$设等比数列{a_n}满足a_1+a_2=4,a_3-a_1=8.$ +$求a_n的通项公式;$" ['$设a_n的公比为q,则a_n=a_1q^{n-1}。$\n由已知得\n\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}a_1+a_1q=4,\\\\ a_1q^2-a_1=8.\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n\n$解得a_1=1,q=3。$\n$所以a_n的通项公式为a_n=3^{n-1}。$'] ['$a_n=3^{n-1}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +933 "$已知公比大于1的等比数列{a_n}满足a_2+a_4=20, a_3=8.$ +$求a_n的通项公式;$" ['$设a_n的公比为q.$\n\n$由题设得a_1q+a_1q^3=20,a_1q^2=8.$\n\n$即\\frac{8}{q}(1+q^2)=20,$\n\n$解得q_1=\\frac{1}{2}(舍去),q_2=2.\\therefore a_1=2.$\n\n$所以a_n的通项公式为a_n=2^n.$'] ['$a_n=2^n$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +934 "$记S_n为数列{a_n}的前n项和,已知a_2=1, 2S_n=na_n。$ +$求a_n的通项公式;$" ['$当n=1时,2a_{1}=a_{1},即a_{1}=0,$\n\n$当n\\geq 2时,2S_{n-1}=(n-1)a_{n-1},①$\n\n$又2S_{n}=na_{n},②$\n\n$\\therefore ②-①得2a_{n}=na_{n}-(n-1)a_{n-1},$\n\n$即(n-2)a_{n}=(n-1)a_{n-1}.$\n\n$当n=2时,上式成立.$\n\n$当n\\geq 3时,\\frac{a_n}{a_{n-1}}=\\frac{n-1}{n-2},\\therefore a_{n}=\\frac{a_3}{a_2}\\cdot \\frac{a_4}{a_3}\\cdot \\frac{a_5}{a_4}\\cdot \\ldots \\cdot \\frac{a_n}{a_{n-1}}\\cdot a_{2}=\\frac{2}{1}\\times \\frac{3}{2}\\times \\frac{4}{3}\\cdot \\ldots \\cdot \\frac{n-1}{n-2}\\cdot 1=n-1,即a_{n}=n-1(n\\geq 3).$\n\n$当n=1时,a_{1}=0符合上式,当n=2时,a_{2}=1符合上式.$\n\n$综上,{a_{n}}的通项公式为a_{n}=n-1,n\\in N^{}.$'] ['$a_{n}=n-1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +935 "$记S_n为数列{a_n}的前n项和,已知a_2=1, 2S_n=na_n。$ +$求数列 \left\{\frac{a_{n+1}}{2^n}\right\} 的前 n 项和 T_n.$" ['$由(1)知a_{n+1}=n,设b_n=\\frac{a_{n+1}}{2^n}=\\frac{n}{2^n}=n\\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^n. $\n$\\therefore T_n=b_1+b_2+b_3+\\ldots +b_n=1\\times \\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^1+2\\times \\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^2+3\\times \\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^3+\\ldots +n\\cdot \\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^n,① $\n$\\frac{1}{2}T_n=1\\times \\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^2+2\\times \\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^3+3\\times \\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^4+\\ldots +n\\cdot \\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^{n+1}.② $\n$①-②得\\frac{1}{2}T_n=\\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^1+\\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^2+\\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^3+\\ldots +\\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^n-n\\cdot \\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^{n+1}=\\frac{\\frac{1}{2}\\left[1-\\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^n\\right]}{1-\\frac{1}{2}}-n\\cdot \\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^{n+1}=1-\\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^n-n\\cdot \\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^{n+1}$\n$=1-\\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^n\\left(1+\\frac{1}{2}n\\right), $\n$\\therefore T_n=2-(n+2)\\cdot \\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^n. $\n$故数列\\left\\{\\frac{a_{n+1}}{2^n}\\right\\}的前n项和T_n=2-(n+2)\\cdot \\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^n.$\n\n'] ['$T_n=2-(n+2)\\cdot \\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^n$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +936 "$记 S_n 为数列 {a_n} 的前 n 项和,已知 a_1 =1, \left\{\frac{S_n}{a_n}\right\} 是公差为 \frac{1}{3} 的等差数列.$ +$求a_n的通项公式;$" ['$依题意得,S_1=a_1=1,$\n\n$\\frac{S_n}{a_n}=\\frac{1}{1}+(n-1)\\times \\frac{1}{3}=\\frac{n+2}{3},$\n\n$\\therefore 3S_n=(n+2)a_n,$\n\n$则3S_{n+1}=(n+1+2)a_{n+1}=(n+3)a_{n+1},$\n\n$\\therefore 3S_{n+1}-3S_n=(n+3)a_{n+1}-(n+2)a_n,$\n\n$即3a_{n+1}=(n+3)a_{n+1}-(n+2)a_n,$\n\n$\\therefore na_{n+1}=(n+2)a_n,即\\frac{a_{n+1}}{a_n}=\\frac{n+2}{n},$\n\n$由累乘法得\\frac{a_{n+1}}{a_1}=\\frac{(n+1)(n+2)}{1\\times 2},$\n\n$又a_1=1,\\therefore a_{n+1}=\\frac{(n+1)(n+2)}{2},$\n\n$\\therefore a_n=\\frac{n(n+1)}{2} (n\\geq 2),又a_1=1满足上式,$\n\n$\\therefore a_n=\\frac{n(n+1)}{2}(n\\in N).$'] ['$a_n=\\frac{n(n+1)}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +937 "$已知数列a_n满足a_1=1,a_{n+1}=$ + +$\begin{cases} +a_n+1, & \text{n为奇数},\\ +a_n+2, & \text{n为偶数}. +\end{cases}$ +$记b_n=a_{2n},写出b_1,b_2,并求数列\{b_n\}的通项公式;$" ['$由题设可得a_{2k+2}=a_{2k+1}+1,a_{2k+1}=a_{2k}+2,(k\\in N^{}),故a_{2k+2}=a_{2k}+3,即b_{n+1}=b_{n}+3,$\n\n$即b_{n+1}-b_{n}=3,b_{1}=a_{2}=a_{1}+1=2,b_{2}=b_{1}+3=5,$\n\n$所以{b_{n}}是首项为2,公差为3的等差数列,$\n\n$故b_{n}=2+(n-1)\\times 3=3n-1.$'] ['$2,5,b_n=3n-1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical,Numerical,Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +938 "$设a_n是首项为1的等比数列,数列b_n满足b_n=\frac{na_n}{3}。已知 a_1, 3a_2, 9a_3 成等差数列。$ +$求a_n和b_n的通项公式;$" ['$设等比数列a_n的公比为q.$\n\n$\\because a_1, 3a_2, 9a_3 成等差数列,$\n\n$\\therefore 6a_2 = a_1 + 9a_3, 即 6a_1q = a_1 + 9a_1q^2.$\n\n$又\\because a_1 = 1, \\therefore 6q = 1 + 9q^2, 解得 q_1 = q_2 = \\frac{1}{3},$\n\n$\\therefore a_n = a_1 \\cdot q^{n-1} = \\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^{n-1}.$\n\n$\\because b_n = \\frac{na_n}{3}, \\therefore b_n = n \\cdot \\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^n.$\n\n'] ['a_n = \\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^{n-1}, b_n = n \\cdot \\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^n'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +939 "$设a_n为等差数列,a_2+a_5=16, a_5-a_3=4.$ +$已知b_n为等比数列,对于任意k \in N,若2^{k-1}\leq n\leq 2^k-1,则b_k < a_n < b_{k+1}.求b_n的通项公式及前n项和.$" ['$设 \\{ b_n \\} 的公比为 q ,前 n 项和为 S_n,因为 \\{ b_n \\} 为等比数列,且 k \\in N,2^k -1 < b_k < 2^k +1,所以 2^{k+1} -1 < b_{k+1} < 2^{k+1} +1。$\n$又 q = \\frac{b_{k+1}}{b_k} ,所以 q < \\frac{2^{k+1}+1}{2^k-1} = 2 + \\frac{3}{2^k-1},q > \\frac{2^{k+1}-1}{2^k+1} = 2 - \\frac{3}{2^k+1}.$\n$因为 k \\in N,所以 q = 2,所以 2^k -1 < b_1 2^{k-1} < 2^k +1,所以 b_1 = 2,所以 b_n = 2^n,所以 S_n = \\frac{b_1(1-q^n)}{1-q} = \\frac{2(1-2^n)}{1-2} = 2^n +1 - 2。$'] ['${b_n = 2^n},{S_n = 2^n +1 - 2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +940 "$已知数列{a_n}, {b_n}的项数均为m (m>2),且a_n, b_n \in {1,2,\ldots , m}, {a_n}, {b_n}的前n项和分别为A_n,B_n并规定A_0=B_0=0对于k \in {0,1,2,\ldots ,m},定义r_k=max{i|B_i\leq A_k,i\in {0,1,2,\ldots ,m}},其中, max M表示数集M中最大的数.$ +$若a_1 \geq b_1,且2r_j \leq r_{j+1}+r_{j-1}, j=1,2,\ldots ,m-1, 求 r_n;$" ['$显然r_{m}\\leq m,且r_{0}=0,r_{1}=1.$\n\n$由于2r_{j}\\leq r_{j-1}+r_{j+1},所以r_{j+1}-r_{j}\\geq r_{j}-r_{j-1}\\geq \\ldots \\geq r_{1}-r_{0}=1.$\n\n$若存在正整数u使得r_{u+1}-r_{u}>1,则r_{m}\\geq r_{m-1}+1\\geq \\ldots \\geq r_{u+1}+(m-u-1)>r_{u}+(m-u)\\geq \\ldots \\geq r_{0}+m=m,$\n\n$这与r_{m}\\leq m矛盾.$\n\n$因此,对任意正整数j均有r_{j+1}-r_{j}=1,即{r_{n}}是以r_{1}=1为首项,1为公差的等差数列.$\n\n$故r_{n}=n.$'] ['$r_{n}=n$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +941 "开展中小学生课后服务,是促进学生健康成长、帮助家长解决接送学生困难的重要举措,是进一步增强教育服务能力、使人民群众具有更多获得感和幸福感的民生工程.某校为确保学生课后服务工作顺利开展,制订了两套工作方案,为了解学生对这两个方案的支持情况,现随机抽取100个学生进行调查,获得数据如下表: + +| |男|女| +|---|---|---| +|支持方案一|24|16| +|支持方案二|25|35| + +假设用频率估计概率,且所有学生对活动方案是否支持相互独立. +$在(2)中,Y表示抽出两人中男生的个数,试判断方差D(X)与D(Y)的大小.(直接写结果)$" ['$因为Y=2-X,所以D(Y)=D(2-X)=(-1)^2D(X)=D(X),$\n\n$即D(Y)=D(X).$'] ['$D(Y)=D(X)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +942 "$已知向量 m=(2\cos x + 2\sqrt{3} \sin x,1), n=(\cos x,-y),且满足 m\cdot n=0.$ +将y表示为x的函数f(x),并求f(x)的最小正周期;" ['$由 m \\cdot n =0可得2\\cos ^2 x +2\\sqrt{3}\\sin x \\cos x - y=0,即 y =2\\cos ^2 x +2\\sqrt{3}\\sin x \\cos x =\\cos 2x +\\sqrt{3}\\sin 2x +1=2\\sin (2x+\\frac{\\pi }{6})+1,所以 f(x) =2\\sin (2x+\\frac{\\pi }{6})+1,其最小正周期为 T =\\frac{2\\pi }{2} =\\pi .$'] ['$f(x) =2sin(2x+\\frac{\\pi }{6})+1,T =\\pi$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Expression Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +943 "$已知数列a_n的前n项和为S_n,S_n=2a_n-4, n \in N^.$ +$若数列b_n是等差数列,且b_1=a_1,b_5=a_3,求数列b_n的通项公式;$" ['$令n=3,则a_1+a_2+a_3=2a_3-4,解得a_3=16。$\n\n$设等差数列{b_n}的公差为d。$\n\n$b_1=a_1=4,b_5=b_1+4d=a_3=16。所以d=3。$\n\n$所以b_n=b_1+(n-1)d=3n+1,n\\in N^。$'] ['$b_n=3n+1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +944 "$已知数列a_n的前n项和为S_n,S_n=2a_n-4, n \in N^.$ +$设c_n=a_{b_n},求c_1+c_2+\ldots +c_n。$" ['$由(1)知a_1=4.$\n\n$当n\\geq 2时,a_n = S_n - S_{n-1} = 2(a_n - a_{n-1}),所以a_n=2a_{n-1}.$\n\n$所以数列{a_n}是以4为首项,2为公比的等比数列.$\n\n$所以a_n=4\\cdot 2^{n-1}=2^{n+1},n\\in N^.$\n\n$由(2)可知,c_n=2^{3n+2},n\\in N^.所以c_1=32.$\n\n$当n\\geq 2时,\\frac{c_n}{c_{n-1}}=\\frac{2^{3n+2}}{2^{3n-1}}=8(n\\geq 2),$\n\n$所以数列{c_n}是以32为首项,8为公比的等比数列.$\n\n$所以c_1+c_2+\\ldots +c_n=\\frac{32(1-8^n)}{1-8}=\\frac{2^{3n+5}-32}{7},n\\in N^.$'] ['$\\frac{2^{3n+5}-32}{7}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +945 "$已知数列a_n满足a_1=1,na_{n+1}=2(n+1)a_n.设b_n=\frac{a_n}{n}.$ +$求a_n的通项公式.$" ['$由条件可得 \\frac{a_{n+1}}{n+1} = \\frac{2a_n}{n} ,即 b_{n+1}=2b_n ,又 b_1=1 ,所以{b_n} 是首项为1,公比为2的等比数列.$\n\n\n$由上可得 \\frac{a_n}{n} = 2^{n-1},$\n\n$所以 a_{n} = n \\cdot 2^{n-1}.$'] ['a_{n} = n \\cdot 2^{n-1}'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +946 "$已知等差数列{a_n}满足a_1+a_3=8,a_4-a_2=4.$ +$求数列{a_n}的通项公式及其前n项和S_n;$" ['$设等差数列a_n的公差为d,依题意有$\n\n$$\n\\begin{align*}\na_1+a_3 &= 2a_1+2d = 8,\\\\ \na_4 - a_2 &= 2d = 4,\n\\end{align*}\n$$\n\n解得\n\n$$\n\\begin{align*}\na_1 &= 2,\\\\ \nd &= 2,\n\\end{align*}\n$$\n\n$\\therefore a_n = a_1 + (n-1)d = 2n,\\therefore S_n = \\frac{n(a_1+a_n)}{2} = n^2 + n.$'] ['a_n = 2n, S_n = n^2 + n'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Expression Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +947 "$在等差数列{a_n}中,a_2=3,a_4=7.$ +$求a_n的通项公式;$" ['$设等差数列a_n的公差为d.$\n由题意,得\n$$\n\\begin{align*}\na_1+d &= 3, \\\\\na_1+3d &= 7,\n\\end{align*}\n$$\n$解得a_1=1, d=2.$\n$所以a_n=a_1+(n-1)d=2n-1.$'] ['$a_n=2n-1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +948 "$在等差数列{a_n}中,a_2=3,a_4=7.$ +$若{b_n-a_n}是公比为2的等比数列,b_1=3,求数列{b_n}的前n项和S_n.$" ['$因为{b_n}-{a_n}是公比为2的等比数列,且b_1=3,$\n\n$所以{b_n}-{a_n}=(b_1-a_1)\\times 2^{n-1}=2^n.$\n\n$所以b_n=2^n+a_n=2^n+2n-1.$\n\n$所以S_n=(2^1+2^2+\\ldots +2^n)+2(1+2+\\ldots +n)-n$\n\n$=\\frac{2(1-2^n)}{1-2}+2\\times \\frac{n(1+n)}{2}-n$\n\n$=2^{n+1}+n^2-2.$'] ['$2^{n+1}+n^2-2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +949 "$已知函数f(x)是定义在R上的奇函数,且当x>0时, f(x)=-x^2+2x.$ +$求函数f(x)在x>0上的解析式;$" ['$当x<0时,-x>0,则f(-x)=-(-x)^2+2(-x)=-x^2-2x,由f(x)是定义在R上的奇函数,得f(x)=-f(-x)=x^2+2x,且f(0)=0。$\n\n$综上, f(x)=\\begin{cases}-x^2+2x, & \\text{if }x>0\\\\\\\\ 0, & \\text{if }x=0\\\\\\\\ x^2+2x, & \\text{if }x<0\\end{cases}$\n\n'] ['$f(x)=-x^2+2x$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +950 "$函数 f(x)=ax^2+bx-3 的图象与 x 轴交于点 (3,0) 且 f(1-x)=f(1+x)。$ +求该函数的解析式;" ['$因为f(1-x)=f(1+x),所以函数f(x)=ax^2+bx-3的图象关于直线x=1对称,所以\\frac{b}{2a}=1,即b=-2a,又函数f(x)=ax^2+bx-3的图象与x轴交于点(3,0),所以9a+3b-3=0,解得a=1,b=-2,所以f(x)=x^2-2x-3。$'] ['f(x)=x^2-2x-3'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +951 "$已知二次函数f(x) = ax^2 + bx + c,且满足f(0) = 2, f(x+1) - f(x) = 2x + 1.$ +$求函数f(x)的解析式;$" ['$因为f(x+1)-f(x)=2x+1,则有a(x+1)^2+b(x+1)+c-ax^2-bx-c = 2ax+a+b = 2x+1,则有$\n\n$$\n\\begin{cases}\n2a=2,\\\\\na+b=1,\n\\end{cases}\n$$\n\n$解得a=1,b=0,又因为f(0)=2,则c=2,所以f(x)=x^2+2.$'] ['$f(x)=x^2+2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +952 "$已知f(x)为偶函数,g(x)为奇函数,且满足f(x)-g(x)=2^{1-x}。$ +$求f(x)、g(x)的解析式;$" ['$因为f(x)为偶函数,g(x)为奇函数,$\n$所以由已知可得f(-x)-g(-x)=2^{1+x},$\n$即f(x)+g(x)=2^{1+x},所以$\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\nf(x)-g(x)=2^{1-x},\\\\ \nf(x)+g(x)=2^{1+x},\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n解得\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\nf(x)=2^x+2^{-x},\\\\ \ng(x)=2^x-2^{-x}.\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n\n'] ['$f(x)=2^x+2^{-x}, g(x)=2^x-2^{-x}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Expression Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +953 "$已知函数f(x)=ax+b+\\cos x (a,b\in \mathbb{R}),若曲线f(x)在点(0,f(0))处的切线方程为y=\frac{1}{2}x+2。$ +$求f(x)的解析式;$" "[""$因为f(x)=ax+b+\\cos x(a,b\\in R),$\n\n$所以f'(x)=a-\\sin x,$\n\n由题意得\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\nf(0)=b+\\cos 0=2,\\\\ \nf '(0)=a-\\sin 0=\\frac{1}{2},\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n\n即\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\nb+1=2,\\\\ \na=\\frac{1}{2},\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n\n$所以a=\\frac{1}{2},b=1,则f(x)=\\frac{1}{2}x+1+\\cos x.$""]" ['f(x)=\\frac{1}{2}x+1+\\cos x'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +954 "$已知数列{a_n}满足a_{n+1}-2a_n=0,a_3=8.$ +$求数列a_n的通项公式;$" ['$由a_{n+1}-2a_{n}=0得a_{n+1}=2a_{n},则{a_{n}}是以2为公比的等比数列,$\n$又a_{3}=8,即4a_{1}=8,解得a_{1}=2,所以a_{n}=2^{n}.$'] ['a_{n}=2^{n}'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +955 "$记关于x的不等式x^2-4nx+3n^2\leq 0(n\in N^)的整数解的个数为a_n,数列{b_n}的前n项和为T_n,满足4T_n=3^{n+1}-a_n-2.$ +$求数列{b_n}的通项公式;$" ['$由不等式x^{2}-4nx+3n^{2}\\leq 0可得n\\leq x\\leq 3n,$\n$\\therefore a_{n}=2n+1,T_{n}=\\frac{1}{4}\\times 3^{n+1}-\\frac{1}{2}n-\\frac{3}{4},$\n$当n=1时,b_{1}=T_{1}=1,$\n$当n\\geq 2时,b_{n}=T_{n}-T_{n-1}=\\frac{1}{2}\\times 3^{n}-\\frac{1}{2},$\n$\\because b_{1}=1适合上式,\\therefore b_{n}=\\frac{1}{2}\\times 3^{n}-\\frac{1}{2},n\\in N.$'] ['${b_n}=\\frac{1}{2}\\times3^n-\\frac{1}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +956 "$已知数列{a_n-1}是递增的等比数列,a_2=5且a_3+a_4=26.$ +$求数列{a_n}的通项公式;$" ['$设数列a_{n}-1的公比为q,b_n=a_n-1,则a_n=b_n+1.$\n\n$由a_2=5得b_2=4,由a_3+a_4=26得b_3+b_4=24,$\n\n$所以4(q+q^2)=24,解得q=2或q=-3(舍去),所以b_{n}=b_2q^{n-2}=4\\times 2^{n-2}=2^n.$\n\n$所以数列{a_n}的通项公式为a_n=2^{n}+1.$'] ['a_n=2^{n}+1'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +957 "$已知数列{a_n-1}是递增的等比数列,a_2=5且a_3+a_4=26.$ +求数列{na_n}的前n项和S_n." ['$由(1)知na_n=n \\cdot 2^n +n,设A_n=1 \\times 2 + 2 \\times 2^2 + 3 \\times 2^3 + \\ldots + n \\times 2^n, $\n$则2A_n = 1 \\times 2^2 + 2 \\times 2^3 +3 \\times 2^4 + \\ldots + (n-1) \\times 2^n + n \\times 2^{n+1}, $\n$将以上两式相减得-A_n = 2 + 2^2 + 2^3 + \\ldots + 2^n - n \\times 2^{n+1} = 2 \\cdot (2^n - 1) - n \\times 2^{n+1} = (1-n) \\cdot 2^{n+1} -2,$\n$所以A_n = (n-1) \\cdot 2^{n+1} + 2。 $\n$设B_n = 1 + 2 + 3 + \\ldots + n = \\frac{n(1+n)}{2}, $\n$则S_n = A_n + B_n = (n-1) \\cdot 2^{n+1} + 2 +\\frac{n(1+n)}{2} = (n-1) \\cdot 2^{n+1} + \\frac{n^2}{2} + \\frac{n}{2} +2。$'] ['(n-1) \\cdot 2^{n+1} + \\frac{n^2}{2} + \\frac{n}{2} +2'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +958 "$设数列a_n是等差数列,数列b_n是公比大于0的等比数列,已知a_1=1, b_1=3, b_2=3a_3, b_3=12a_2+3.$ +$求数列{a_n}和数列{b_n}的通项公式;$" ['$设等差数列{a_n}的公差为d,等比数列{b_n}的公比为q(q>0),根据题意得$\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\n3q=3(1+2d),\\\\ \n3q^2=12(1+d)+3,\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n解得\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\nd=1,\\\\ \nq=3\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n或\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\nd=-1,\\\\ \nq=-1\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n$(舍),所以a_n=1+(n-1)\\times 1=n,b_n=3\\cdot 3^{n-1}=3^n.$\n\n'] ['a_n=n,b_n=3^n'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +959 "$设数列a_n满足a_1=3,a_{n+1}=3a_n-4n。$ +$计算a_2,a_3,猜想{a_n}的通项公式$" ['$a_2=5,a_3=7.$\n\n$猜想a_n=2n+1.由已知可得$\n\n$a_{n+1}-(2n+3)=3[a_n-(2n+1)],$\n\n$a_n-(2n+1)=3[a_{n-1}-(2n-1)],$\n\n......\n\n$a_2-5=3(a_1-3).$\n\n$因为a_1=3,所以a_n=2n+1.$'] ['5,7,a_n=2n+1'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical,Numerical,Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +960 "$设数列a_n满足a_1=3,a_{n+1}=3a_n-4n。$ +$求数列{2^na_n}的前n项和S_n.$" ['$由(1)得 2^n a_n =(2n+1)2^n,$\n\n$所以 S_n =3\\times 2+5\\times 2^2+7\\times 2^3+\\ldots +(2n+1)\\times 2^n.$\n\n①\n\n$从而 2S_n =3\\times 2^2+5\\times 2^3+7\\times 2^4+\\ldots +(2n+1)\\times 2^{n+1}.$\n\n②\n\n$①-②得 -S_n =3\\times 2+2\\times 2^2+2\\times 2^3+\\ldots +2\\times 2^n-(2n+1)\\times 2^{n+1}.$\n\n$所以 S_n =(2n-1)2^{n+1}+2.$'] ['S_n =(2n-1)2^{n+1}+2'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +961 "$已知数列a_n中,a_1=1,a_2=3,其前n项和S_n满足S_{n+1}+S_{n-1}=2S_n+2(n\geq 2,n\in N).$ +求数列{a_n}的通项公式;" ['$由题意得 S_{n+1}-S_n=S_n-S_{n-1}+2(n\\geq 2), 即 a_{n+1}-a_n=2(n\\geq 2), 又 a_2-a_1=3-1=2,所以 a_{n+1}-a_n=2(n\\in N). 所以数列 {a_n} 是以1为首项,2为公差的等差数列,所以 a_n=2n-1(n\\in N).$'] ['$a_n=2n-1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +962 "$已知数列a_n中,a_1=1,a_2=3,其前n项和S_n满足S_{n+1}+S_{n-1}=2S_n+2(n\geq 2,n\in N).$ +$若b_n=a_n+2^{a_n},求数列{b_n}的前n项和T_n.$" ['$b_n = a_n + 2^{a_n} = 2n - 1 + 2^{2n - 1} = 2n - 1 + \\frac{1}{2} \\cdot 4^n$\n\n所以\n\n$T_n = [1 + 3 + 5 + \\ldots + (2n - 1)] + \\frac{1}{2} \\times (4 + 4^2 + 4^3 + \\ldots + 4^n) = n^2 + \\frac{2(4^n - 1)}{3}$'] ['T_n = n^2 + \\frac{2(4^n - 1)}{3}'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +963 "$已知等比数列a_n的前n项和为S_n(n\in N^),且\frac{1}{a_1}-\frac{1}{a_2}=\frac{2}{a_3}, S_6=63.$ +$求a_{n}的通项公式;$" ['$设数列a_n的公比为q,由已知,有\\frac{1}{a_1} - \\frac{1}{a_1q} = \\frac{2}{a_1q^2},解得q=2或q=-1。又由S_6=a_1\\cdot \\frac{1-q^6}{1-q}=63,知q\\neq -1,所以a_1\\cdot \\frac{1-2^6}{1-2}=63,得a_1=1,所以a_n=2^{n-1}。$'] ['$a_n=2^{n-1}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +964 "$设正项数列{a_n}的前n项和为S_n,已知2S_n={a_n}^2+a_n.$ +$求a_n的通项公式;$" ['$当n=1时,2S_1=a^2_1+a_1,所以a^2_1=a_1,又a_1>0,故a_1=1;$\n\n$当n\\geq 2时,2S_{n-1}=a^2_{n-1}+a_{n-1},而2S_n=a^2_n+a_n,两式相减得2a_n=a^2_n-a^2_{n-1}+a_n-a_{n-1},整理得(a_n+a_{n-1})(a_n-a_{n-1}-1)=0,因为a_n+a_{n-1}>0,所以a_n-a_{n-1}=1,故{a_n}是以1为公差的等差数列,从而a_n=a_1+(n-1)\\times 1=n.$'] ['a_n=n'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +965 "$设正项数列{a_n}的前n项和为S_n,已知2S_n={a_n}^2+a_n.$ +$记b_n=a^2_n\cos\frac{2a_n\pi }{3},T_n是数列{b_n}的前n项和,求T_{3n}.$" ['$设c_k=b_{(3k-2)}+b_{(3k-1)}+b_{(3k)}=({3k-2})^2\\cos \\left(2k\\pi -\\frac{4\\pi }{3}\\right)+((3k-1)^2)\\cos \\left(2k\\pi -\\frac{2\\pi }{3}\\right)+((3k)^2)\\cos 2k\\pi=-\\frac{1}{2}(3k-2)^2-\\frac{1}{2}(3k-1)^2+(9k)^2=9k-\\frac{5}{2},其中k\\in N,所以T_{(3n)}=c_1+c_2+\\ldots +c_n=\\frac{n\\left(9-\\frac{5}{2}+9n-\\frac{5}{2}\\right)}{2}=\\frac{9n^2+4n}{2}。$'] ['$\\frac{9n^2+4n}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +966 "$已知等差数列a_n的首项为log_3{15}-log_3{10}+\frac{1}{2}log_3{4}的值,且a_3+a_7=18。$ +$求数列{a_n}的通项公式;$" ['$根据题意得,a_1=log_315-log_310+\\frac{1}{2}log_34=log_3\\frac{15}{10}+log_3\\sqrt{4}=log_3\\frac{3}{2}+log_32=log_3\\left(\\frac{3}{2} \\times 2\\right)=1,$\n$设{a_n}的公差为d,则由a_3+a_7=18,得a_1+2d+a_1+6d=18,解得d=2,所以a_n=1+(n-1)\\times 2=2n-1.$'] ['$a_n=2n-1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +967 "$已知等差数列a_n的首项为log_3{15}-log_3{10}+\frac{1}{2}log_3{4}的值,且a_3+a_7=18。$ +$设b_n = \frac{1}{a_na_{n+1}} ,求数列{b_n}的前n项和T_n.$" ['$由(1)可得 b_n = \\frac{1}{(2n-1)(2n+1)} = \\frac{1}{2} \\left(\\frac{1}{2n-1}-\\frac{1}{2n+1}\\right),$\n$所以 T_n = \\frac{1}{2} \\left(1-\\frac{1}{3}\\right) + \\frac{1}{2} \\left(\\frac{1}{3}-\\frac{1}{5}\\right) + \\ldots + \\frac{1}{2} \\left(\\frac{1}{2n-1}-\\frac{1}{2n+1}\\right) = \\frac{1}{2} \\left(1-\\frac{1}{2n+1}\\right) = \\frac{n}{2n+1}.$'] ['$\\frac{n}{2n+1}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +968 "$已知数列{a_n}满足 \frac{1}{3}a_1+\frac{1}{3^2}a_2+\frac{1}{3^3}a_3+\ldots +\frac{1}{3^n}a_n=n (n\in N^).$ +$求数列{a_n}的通项公式;$" ['$当n=1时,a_1=3,$\n\n$当n\\geq 2时,由\\frac{1}{3}a_1+\\frac{1}{3^2}a_2+\\frac{1}{3^3}a_3+\\ldots +\\frac{1}{3^n}a_n=n,得到 \\frac{1}{3}a_1+\\frac{1}{3^2}a_2+\\frac{1}{3^3}a_3+\\ldots +\\frac{1}{3^{n-1}}a_{n-1}=n-1,$\n\n$由① - ②得\\frac{1}{3^n}a_n=n - (n - 1) = 1,即 a_n=3^n (n\\geq 2)。$\n\n$当n=1时也成立,所以数列{a_n}的通项公式为a_n=3^n(n\\in N^).$'] ['$a_n=3^n$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +969 "$已知数列{a_n}满足 \frac{1}{3}a_1+\frac{1}{3^2}a_2+\frac{1}{3^3}a_3+\ldots +\frac{1}{3^n}a_n=n (n\in N^).$ +$设b_n=log_3a_n,求数列\left\{\frac{1}{b_nb_{n+1}b_{n+2}}\right\}的前n项和T_n。$" ['$因为b_n=log_3a_n=log_33^n=n,$\n$所以\\frac{1}{b_{n}b_{n+1}b_{n+2}}=\\frac{1}{n(n+1)(n+2)}$\n$=\\frac{1}{2} \\left[\\frac{1}{n(n+1)}-\\frac{1}{(n+1)(n+2)}\\right],$\n$所以T_n=\\frac{1}{2}\\times \\left[\\right.\\frac{1}{1 \\times 2}-\\frac{1}{2 \\times 3}+\\frac{1}{2 \\times 3}-\\frac{1}{3 \\times 4}+\\ldots +\\frac{1}{n(n+1)}-\\frac{1}{(n+1)(n+2)} \\left]\\right.=\\frac{1}{2} \\left[\\frac{1}{2}-\\frac{1}{(n+1)(n+2)}\\right].$\n\n'] ['$T_n=\\frac{1}{2}\\left[\\frac{1}{2}-\\frac{1}{(n+1)(n+2)}\\right]$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +970 "$已知等差数列{a_n}满足:a_3=7,a_5+a_7=26.{a_n}的前n项和为S_n.$ +$求a_n及S_n;$" ['$设等差数列a_n的公差为d,因为a_3=7,a_5 + a_7 = 26,所以有$\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}a_1+2d=7,\\\\ 2a_1+10d=26,\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n$解得a_1=3,d=2,所以a_n = 3 + 2(n-1) = 2n + 1,S_n = 3n + \\frac{n(n-1)}{2} \\times 2 = n^2 + 2n.$'] ['$a_n=2n+1,S_n=n^2+2n$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +971 "$已知数列a_n的前n项和S_n满足S_n=2(a_n-1),n\in N^.$ +$求数列\{\frac{1}{a_n}\}的前n项和T_n;$" ['$由(1)知,\\frac{1}{a_n} = \\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^n, 所以 T_n = \\frac{\\frac{1}{2}\\left[1-\\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^n\\right]}{1-\\frac{1}{2}} = 1 - \\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^n, n\\in N^.$\n\n'] ['$T_n = 1 - \\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^n$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +972 "$已知公差不为零的等差数列a_n的前n项和为S_n,S_3=6,a_2,a_4,a_8成等比数列,数列b_n满足b_1=1,b_{n+1}=2b_n+1.$ +$求数列{a_n}和{b_n}通项公式;$" ['$设等差数列a_n的公差为d(d\\neq 0),由题意得$\n\n$$\n\\begin{align*}\nS_3&=3a_1+3d=6,\\\\\n(a_1+3d)^2&=(a_1+d)(a_1+7d),\n\\end{align*}\n$$\n\n解得\n\n$$\n\\begin{align*}\na_1&=1,\\\\\nd&=1,\n\\end{align*}\n$$\n\n$故数列a_n的通项公式为a_n=n.$\n\n$\\because b_{n+1}=2b_n+1,$\n\n$\\therefore b_{n+1}+1=2(b_n+1),即 \\frac{b_{n+1}+1}{b_n+1}=2 (n\\in N^), $\n\n$又 b_1=1,$\n\n$\\therefore {b_{n}+1} 是以2为首项,2为公比的等比数列,b_n+1=2^n,\\therefore b_n=2^n-1.$'] ['$a_n=n,b_n=2^n-1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +973 "$等差数列{a_n}的前n项和为S_n,数列{b_n}是等比数列,满足a_1=3,b_1=1,b_2+S_2=10,a_5-2b_2=a_3。$ +$求数列{a_n}和{b_n}的通项公式;$" ['$设数列a_n的公差为d,数列b_n的公比为q,由$\n$$\n\\begin{cases}\nb_2+S_2=10,\\\\ \na_5-2b_2=a_3,\n\\end{cases}\n$$\n得\n$$\n\\begin{cases}\nq+6+d=10,\\\\ \n3+4d-2q=3+2d,\n\\end{cases}\n$$\n解得\n$$\n\\begin{cases}\nd=2,\\\\ \nq=2.\n\\end{cases}\n$$\n$\\therefore a_n=3+2(n-1)=2n+1,b_n=2^{n-1}.$'] ['$a_n=2n+1,b_n=2^{n-1}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +974 "$等差数列{a_n}的前n项和为S_n,数列{b_n}是等比数列,满足a_1=3,b_1=1,b_2+S_2=10,a_5-2b_2=a_3。$ +$让c_n = $ + +$$ +\begin{cases} +\frac{2}{S_n}, & \text{如果 }n\text{ 是奇数} \\ +b_n, & \text{如果 }n\text{ 是偶数} +\end{cases} +$$ + +$假设数列{c_n}的前n项和为T_n,求T_{2n}。$" ['$由a_1=3,a_n=2n+1,得S_n=\\frac{n(a_1+a_n)}{2}=n(n+2),$\n\n$则c_n=\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}\\frac{2}{n(n+2)},n\\text{为奇数},\\\\ 2^{n-1},n\\text{为偶数},\\end{matrix}\\right.,$\n\n$即c_n=\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}\\frac{1}{n}-\\frac{1}{n+2},n\\text{为奇数},\\\\ 2^{n-1},n\\text{为偶数},\\end{matrix}\\right.,$\n\n$\\therefore T_{2n}=(c_1+c_3+\\ldots +c_{2n-1})+(c_2+c_4+\\ldots +c_{2n})$\n\n$=\\left[\\left(1-\\frac{1}{3}\\right)+\\left(\\frac{1}{3}-\\frac{1}{5}\\right)+\\cdots +\\left(\\frac{1}{2n-1}-\\frac{1}{2n+1}\\right)\\right]+(2+2^3+\\ldots +2^{2n-1})=1-\\frac{1}{2n+1}+\\frac{2(1-4^n)}{1-4}=\\frac{2n}{2n+1}+\\frac{2}{3}(4^n-1).$'] ['$T_{2n}=\\frac{2n}{2n+1}+\\frac{2}{3}(4^n-1)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +975 "$已知等比数列{a_n}为递增数列,a_1=1,a_1+2是a_2与a_3的等差中项.$ +$求数列{a_n}的通项公式;$" ['$设数列a_n的公比为q,由题意知a_2+a_3=2(a_1+2),所以q+q^2=6,解得q=2或q=-3(舍),所以a_n=a1q^{n-1}=2^{n-1}。$'] ['$a_n=2^{n-1}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +976 "$已知椭圆C: \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} =1 (a>b>0) 的离心率为 \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2},短轴长为2.$ +求椭圆$C$的标准方程." ['由题意得,$2b=2,则 b=1$,\n\n$因为 e=\\sqrt{1-\\frac{b^2}{a^2}}=\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2},则 a^2=2,$\n\n$因此,椭圆C的标准方程为\\frac{x^2}{2} + y^2=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{2} + y^2=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +977 "$已知点P(2,1),直线l:\begin{equation} +\begin{cases} +x=2+t\cos \alpha,\\ +y=1+t\sin \alpha +\end{cases} +\end{equation}(t为参数),\alpha为l的倾斜角,l与x轴正半轴、y轴正半轴分别交于点A,B,且|PA|\cdot |PB|=4.$ +以坐标原点为极点,$x$轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,求l的极坐标方程." ['$将 l 的参数方程整理得 \\frac{y-1}{x-2} = \\tan \\alpha = -1,即 x + y -3=0, \\therefore l 的极坐标方程为 \\rho \\cos \\theta + \\rho \\sin \\theta -3=0,即 \\rho \\sin ( \\theta + \\frac{\\pi }{4}) = \\frac{3\\sqrt{2}}{2}.$'] ['${\\rho } \\sin ( \\theta + \\frac{\\pi }{4}) = \\frac{3\\sqrt{2}}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +978 "某企业有7个分行业,2020年这7个分行业的营业收入及营业成本情况统计如下表: + +| 营业情况分行业 | 营业收入(单位:亿元) | 营业成本(单位:亿元) | +| :-----------: | :---: | :---: | +| 分行业1 | 41 | 38 | +| 分行业2 | 12 | 9 | +| 分行业3 | 8 | 2 | +| 分行业4 | 6 | 5 | +| 分行业5 | 3 | 2 | +| 分行业6 | 2 | 1 | +| 分行业7 | 0.8 | 0.4 | + +$一般地,行业收益率= \frac{\text{营业收入}-\text{营业成本}}{\text{营业成本}} \times 100%.$ +$设7个分行业营业收入的方差为s^2_1,营业成本的方差为s^2_2,求s^2_1与s^2_2.$" ['$7个分行业营业收入的平均值为 \\frac{41+12+8+6+3+2+0.8}{7}=10.4,$\n$s_1^2 = \\frac{1}{7} \\times [(41-10.4)^2 + (12-10.4)^2 + (8-10.4)^2 + (6-10.4)^2 + (3-10.4)^2 + (2-10.4)^2 + (0.8-10.4)^2] = \\frac{1181.52}{7},$\n$7个分行业营业成本的平均值为 \\frac{38+9+2+5+2+1+0.4}{7}=8.2,$\n$s_2^2 = \\frac{1}{7} \\times [(38-8.2)^2 + (9-8.2)^2 + (2-8.2)^2 + (5-8.2)^2 + (2-8.2)^2 + (1-8.2)^2 + (0.4-8.2)^2] = \\frac{1088.48}{7},$\n$所以 s_1^2 > s_2^2.$\n\n'] ['$\\frac{1181.52}{7},\\frac{1088.48}{7}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +979 "为研究某地区2021届大学毕业生毕业三个月后的毕业去向,某调查公司从该地区2021届大学毕业生中随机选取了1 000人作为样本进行调查,结果如下: + +| 毕业去向 | 继续学习深造 | 单位就业 | 自主创业 | 自由职业 | 慢就业 | +| ------ | ------ | ------ | ------ | ------ | ------ | +| 人数 | 200 | 560 | 14 | 128 | 98 | + +假设该地区2021届大学毕业生选择的毕业去向相互独立. +$从该地区2021届大学毕业生中随机选取3人,记随机变量X为这3人中选择“继续学习深造”的人数.以样本的频率估计概率,求X的数学期望E(X);$" ['$由题意得,��本中1 000名毕业生选择“继续学习深造”的频率为\\frac{200}{1 000} = \\frac{1}{5}。用频率估计概率,从该地区2021届大学毕业生中随机选取1名学生,估计该生选择“继续学习深造”的概率为\\frac{1}{5}。$\n\n随机变量X的所有可能取值为0,1,2,3。\n\n$所以P(X=0)=C^0_3\\left(\\frac{1}{5}\\right)^0\\left(1-\\frac{1}{5}\\right)^3 = \\frac{64}{125},$\n\n$P(X=1)=C^1_3\\left(\\frac{1}{5}\\right)^1\\left(1-\\frac{1}{5}\\right)^2 = \\frac{48}{125},$\n\n$P(X=2)=C^2_3\\left(\\frac{1}{5}\\right)^2\\left(1-\\frac{1}{5}\\right)^1 = \\frac{12}{125},$\n\n$P(X=3)=C^3_3\\left(\\frac{1}{5}\\right)^3\\left(1-\\frac{1}{5}\\right)^0 = \\frac{1}{125}。$\n\n所以X的分布列为\n\n| \xa0 X \xa0 | \xa0 0 \xa0 | \xa0 1 \xa0 | \xa0 2 \xa0 | \xa0 3 \xa0 |\n|:------:|:-----:|:-----:|:-----:|:-----:|\n| P | $\\frac{64}{125}$ | $\\frac{48}{125}$ | $\\frac{12}{125}$ | $\\frac{1}{125}$ |\n\n$E(X)=0\\times \\frac{64}{125}+1\\times \\frac{48}{125}+2\\times \\frac{12}{125}+3\\times \\frac{1}{125}=\\frac{3}{5}.$\n\n'] ['$\\frac{3}{5}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +980 "$某同学大学毕业后,决定利用所学专业进行自主创业,经过市场调查,生产一小型电子产品需投入固定成本2万元,每生产x万件,需另投入流动成本C(x)万元,当年产量小于7万件时,C(x)=\frac{1}{3}x^2+2x(万元);当年产量不小于7万件时,C(x)=6x+\ln x+\frac{e^3}{x}-17(万元).已知每件产品售价为6元,假若该同学生产的商品当年能全部售完. 00)的直线l与C交于A,B两点,|AB|=8.$ +$求l的方程;$" ['$由题意得 F(1,0),l 的方程为 y = k(x-1)(k > 0),设 A(x_1,y_1),B(x_2,y_2).$\n\n$由以下公式集得 k^2 x^2 - (2k^2 + 4)x + k^2 = 0.$\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}y=k(x-1),\\\\ y^2=4x\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n\n$\\Delta = 16k^2 + 16 > 0,故 x_1+x_2 = \\frac{2k^2 + 4}{k^2}.$\n\n$所以 |AB| = |AF| + |BF| = (x_1+1) + (x_2+1) = \\frac{4k^2 + 4}{k^2}.$\n\n$由题设知 \\frac{4k^2 + 4}{k^2} = 8,解得 k = -1 (舍去)或 k = 1,$\n\n$因此 l 的方程为 y = x - 1.$'] ['$y = x - 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +983 "$已知椭圆 C:\frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 过点 A (-2,-1),且 a = 2b.$ +$求椭圆C的方程;$" [':由已知条件可列方程组 \n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}a=2b,\\\\ \\frac{(-2)^2}{a^2}+\\frac{(-1)^2}{b^2}=1,\\end{matrix}\\right. $\n解得 \n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}a=2\\sqrt{2},\\\\ b=\\sqrt{2},\\end{matrix}\\right. $\n$故椭圆C的标准方程为 $\n$\\frac{x^2}{8} + \\frac{y^2}{2} = 1.$'] ['${\\frac{x^2}{8}} + {\\frac{y^2}{2}} = 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +984 "$已知F_1, F_2分别为椭圆C:\frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (a>b>0)的左、右焦点,与椭圆C有相同焦点的双曲线\frac{x^2}{4} - y^2 = 1在第一象���与椭圆C相交于点P,且|PF_2| = 1。$ +$求椭圆C的方程;$" ['$由题意,双曲线 \\frac{x^2}{4} - y^2=1 的焦点为 F_1 (-\\sqrt{5},0),F_2(\\sqrt{5},0),$\n\n$\\because 双曲线 \\frac{x^2}{4} - y^2=1 与椭圆 C 有相同焦点且在第一象限交点为 P, |PF_2|=1, \\therefore |PF_1|=5, |PF_1|+|PF_2|=6.$\n\n$\\therefore 2a=6, a=3. \\therefore b^2=4.$\n\n$\\therefore 椭圆C的方程为 \\frac{x^2}{9}+\\frac{y^2}{4}=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{9}+\\frac{y^2}{4}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +985 "针对我国老龄化问题,人社部将推出延迟退休方案.某机构进行了网上调查,所有参与调查的人中,持“支持”“保留”和“不支持”态度的人数如下表所示. + +| | 支持 | 保留 | 不支持 | +|-------|-------|-------|--------| +|50岁以下 | 8 000 | 4 000 | 2 000 | +|50岁以上(含50岁)| 1 000 | 2 000 | 3 000 | + +$在持“不支持”态度的人中,用分层抽样的方法抽取10人看成一个总体,从这10人中任意选取3人,求50岁以下人数\xi的期望.$" ['在持“不支持”态度的人中,50岁以下及50岁以上(含50岁)人数之比为2:3,因此抽取的10人中,50岁以下与50岁以上(含50岁)的人数分别为4,6,故\\xi 的可能取值为0,1,2,3,\n\n$则P(\\xi =0)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^3_6}{\\mathrm{C}^3_{10}}=\\frac{1}{6},P(\\xi =1)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_4\\mathrm{C}^2_6}{\\mathrm{C}^3_{10}}=\\frac{1}{2},$\n\n$P(\\xi =2)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^2_4\\mathrm{C}^1_6}{\\mathrm{C}^3_{10}}=\\frac{3}{10},P(\\xi =3)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^3_4}{\\mathrm{C}^3_{10}}=\\frac{1}{30}.$\n\n$\\xi 的分布列为$\n\n| $\\xi$ | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |\n|----|---|---|---|---|\n|$ P $|$\\frac{1}{6}$|$\\frac{1}{2}$|$\\frac{3}{10}$|$\\frac{1}{30}$|\n\n$期望E(\\xi )=0\\times \\frac{1}{6}+1\\times \\frac{1}{2}+2\\times \\frac{3}{10}+3\\times \\frac{1}{30}=1.2.$\n\n'] ['$1.2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +986 "某班准备购买班服,确定从A, B两种款式中选出一种统一购买,现在全班50位同学赞成购买A, B款式的人数分别为20,30位,为了尽量统一意见,准备在全班进行三轮宣传,每轮宣传从全班同学中随机选出一位,介绍他赞成款式的理由,假设每轮宣传后,赞成该同学所选款式的不会改变意见,不赞成该同学所选款式的会有5位改变意见,赞成该同学所选款式. +计算第二轮选到的同学赞成A款式的概率;" ['$记第i轮宣传选中的同学赞成A款式的事件为A_i,第i轮宣传选中的同学赞成B款式的事件为B_i,i=1,2,3,$\n\n$记第二轮选到的同学赞成A款式的概率为P(A_2),$\n\n$因为P(A_1A_2)=\\frac{2}{5}\\times \\frac{25}{50}=\\frac{1}{5}, P(B_1A_2)=\\frac{3}{5}\\times \\frac{15}{50}=\\frac{9}{50},$\n\n$则P(A_2)=P(A_1A_2)+P(B_1A_2)=\\frac{1}{5}+\\frac{9}{50}=\\frac{19}{50}.$'] ['$\\frac{19}{50}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +987 "$2020年5月27日,中央文明办明确规定,在2020年全国文明城市测评指标中不将马路市场、流动商贩列为文明城市测评考核内容.2020年6月1日上午,李克强在山东烟台考察时表示,地摊经济、小店经济是就业岗位的重要来源,是人间的烟火,和“高大上”一样,是中国的生机.地摊游戏中的套圈游戏凭借其趣味性和挑战性深受广大市民的欢迎.现有甲、乙两人进行套圈比赛,要求他们站在定点A,B处进行套圈,已知甲在A,B两点处的命中率均为\frac{1}{3},乙在A点处的命中率为p (\frac{1}{2}\leq p\lt1),在B点处的命中率为2p-1,且他们每次套圈互不影响.$ +若甲和乙每人在A,B两点处各套圈一次,且在A点处命中计2分,在B点处命中计3分,未命中则计0分,设甲的得分为X,乙的得分为Y,写出X和Y的期望;" ['$由题意知,X=0,2,3,5,Y=0,2,3,5,$\n\n$P(X=0)=\\left(\\frac{2}{3}\\right)^2=\\frac{4}{9},$\n\n$P(X=2)=P(X=3)=\\frac{1}{3}\\times \\frac{2}{3}=\\frac{2}{9},$\n\n$P(X=5)=\\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^2=\\frac{1}{9}.$\n\n$P(Y=0)=(1-p)(2-2p)=2(1-p)^2=2p^2-4p+2,$\n\n$P(Y=2)=p(2-2p)=-2p^2+2p,$\n\n$P(Y=3)=(1-p)(2p-1)=-2p^2+3p-1,$\n\n$P(Y=5)=p(2p-1)=2p^2-p.$\n\n$\\therefore X的分布列为:$\n\n| $X$ | 0 | 2 | 3 | 5 |\n|---|---|---|---|---|\n| $P$ | $\\frac{4}{9}$ | $\\frac{2}{9}$ | $\\frac{2}{9}$ | $\\frac{1}{9}$ |\n\n$Y的分布列为:$\n\n| $Y$ | 0 | 2 | 3 | 5 |\n|---|---|---|---|---|\n| $P$ | $2p^2-4p+2$ | $-2p^2+2p$ | $-2p^2+3p-1$ | $2p^2-p$ |\n\n$\\therefore E(X)=0\\times \\frac{4}{9}+2\\times \\frac{2}{9}+3\\times \\frac{2}{9}+5\\times \\frac{1}{9}=\\frac{5}{3},$\n\n$E(Y)=0\\times (2p^2-4p+2)+2\\times (-2p^2+2p)+3\\times (-2p^2+3p-1)+5\\times (2p^2-p)=8p-3.$'] ['$\\frac{5}{3}, 8p-3$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical,Expression Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +988 "$已知数列a_n的前n项和为S_n,且a_1=3,S_{n+1}+S_n=(n+1)a_{n+1}.$ +$求a_n的通项公式;$" ['$当n=1时, S_2+S_1=2a_2, 解得a_2=2a_1=6. $\n\n$当n\\geq 2时,由S_{n+1}+S_n=(n+1)a_{n+1},得S_n+S_{n-1}=na_n,$\n\n$两式相减得a_{n+1}+a_n=(n+1)a_{n+1}-na_n,即$\n\n$\\frac{a_{n+1}}{a_n}=\\frac{n+1}{n},$\n\n则\n\n$\\frac{a_2}{a_1} \\cdot \\frac{a_3}{a_2} \\cdot \\frac{a_4}{a_3} \\cdot \\ldots \\cdot \\frac{a_n}{a_{n-1}}=\\frac{2}{1} \\times \\frac{3}{2} \\times \\frac{4}{3} \\times \\ldots \\times \\frac{n}{n-1},$\n\n则\n\n$\\frac{a_n}{a_1}=n,$\n\n$因为a_1=3, 所以a_n=3n.$'] ['$a_n=3n$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +989 "$已知数列a_n的前n项和为S_n,且a_1=3,S_{n+1}+S_n=(n+1)a_{n+1}.$ +$若b_n=\frac{1}{a_na_{n+1}}, 求数列{b_n}的前n项和T_n.$" ['$由(1)可知,b_{n} = \\frac{1}{a_na_{n+1}} = \\frac{1}{9n(n+1)} = \\frac{1}{9} \\left(\\frac{1}{n}-\\frac{1}{n+1}\\right),$\n$则 T_{n} = \\frac{1}{9} \\times \\left(1-\\frac{1}{2}+\\frac{1}{2}-\\frac{1}{3}+\\cdots +\\frac{1}{n}-\\frac{1}{n+1}\\right) = \\frac{n}{9n+9}.$'] ['$\\frac{n}{9n+9}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +990 "$已知1^2+2^2+\ldots +n^2=\frac{1}{6}n(n+1)(2n+1),数列{a_n}满足a_{n+1}-a_n=n^2+2n+1, a_1=1.$ +$求a_n的通项公式;$" ['$因为a_{n+1} - a_n = n^2 + 2n + 1 = (n + 1)^2,$\n$所以 a_{2}-a_{1}=2^2, a_{3}-a_{2}=3^2,\\ldots \\ldots ,a_{n}-a_{n-1}=n^2 (n\\geq2),$\n$以上各式相加得a_{n}-a_{1}=2^2+3^2+\\ldots +n^2 (n\\geq2),$\n$又a_{1}=1, 所以 a_{n}=1^2+2^2+\\ldots +n^2=\\frac{1}{6}n(n+1)(2n+1).$\n$当n=1时,a_{1}=1=\\frac{1}{6}1(1+1)(21+1),$\n$故{a_{n}}的通项公式为a_{n}=\\frac{1}{6}n(n+1)(2n+1).$'] ['$\\{a_{n}=\\frac{1}{6}n(n+1)(2n+1)\\}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +991 "$已知1^2+2^2+\ldots +n^2=\frac{1}{6}n(n+1)(2n+1),数列{a_n}满足a_{n+1}-a_n=n^2+2n+1, a_1=1.$ +$设b_n = \frac{a_n}{2n+1}, 求数列\left\{\frac{1}{b_n}\right\}的前n项和S_n.$" ['结合(1)知,\n$b_n = \\frac{a_n}{2n+1}= \\frac{1}{6}n(n+1),$\n$则 \\frac{1}{b_n} = \\frac{6}{n(n+1)} = 6\\left(\\frac{1}{n}-\\frac{1}{n+1}\\right),$\n$故 S_n = 6\\times \\left(1-\\frac{1}{2}+\\frac{1}{2}-\\frac{1}{3}+\\cdots +\\frac{1}{n}-\\frac{1}{n+1}\\right) = \\frac{6n}{n+1}.$'] ['$\\frac{6n}{n+1}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +992 "$已知a_n为等差数列, b_n = $ +$$ +\begin{cases} +a_n - 6, &\text{当} n \text{为奇数},\\ +2a_n, &\text{当} n \text{为偶数}. +\end{cases} +$$ +$记S_n,T_n分别为数列a_n,b_n的前n项和,S_4=32,T_3=16.$ +$求a_n的通项公式;$" ['$设数列a_n的首项为a_1,公差为d,$\n\n$\\because b_n=\\begin{cases}a_n-6, & \\text{若 }n\\text{为奇数},\\\\ 2a_n, & \\text{若 }n\\text{为偶数},\\end{cases}$\n\n$\\therefore b_1=a_1-6, b_2=2a_2, b_3=a_3-6,$\n\n$又T_3=16,且b_1+b_2+b_3=a_1+2a_2+a_3-12=4a_2-12, \\therefore 4a_2-12=16, \\therefore a_2=7, 即a_1+d=7,①$\n\n$又S_4=32,\\therefore 4a_1+6d=32,②$\n\n$由①②得a_1=5, d=2, $\n\n$\\therefore a_n=5+2(n-1)=2n+3.$'] ['$a_n=2n+3$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +993 "$已知数列a_n的前n项和为S_n,a_1=-\frac{9}{4},且4S_{n+1}=3S_{n}-9(n\in N)。$ +$求数列{a_n}的通项公式;$" ['$由4S_{n+1}=3S_n-9,得4S_n=3S_{n-1}-9 (n\\geq 2),则4a_{n+1}=3a_n (n\\geq 2),又4(a_1+a_2)=3a_1-9, a_1=-\\frac{9}{4},所以4a_2=3a_1,所以{a_n}是以-\\frac{9}{4}为首项,\\frac{3}{4}为公比的等比数列,所以a_n=-3\\times \\left(\\frac{3}{4}\\right)^n.$\n\n'] ['${a_n}=-3\\times \\left(\\frac{3}{4}\\right)^n$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +994 "$记S_n为数列{a_n}的前n项和, \frac{2S_n}{n}=a_n+2.$ +$已知a_2=5,若c_n=2^{n-1}a_n,求数列{c_n}的前n项和T_n.$" ['$在 \\frac{2S_n}{n} = a_n + 2 中,令 n = 1得 \\frac{2a_1}{1} = a_1 + 2,所以 a_1 = 2,因为 a_2 = 5,所以 {a_n}的公差 d = a_2 - a_1 = 3, 则 a_n = a_1 + (n - 1) d = 2 + (n - 1) \\times 3 = 3 n - 1. c_n = (3 n -1) \\cdot 2 ^ {n -1},$\n\n$所以 T_n = 2 + 5 \\times 2 ^ 1 + 8 \\times 2 ^ 2 + \\ldots + (3 n -1) \\times 2 ^ {n -1},$\n\n$2 T_n = 2 \\times 2 ^ 1 + 5 \\times 2 ^ 2 + 8 \\times 2 ^ 3 + \\ldots + (3 n -1) \\times 2 ^ n,$\n\n$两式相减得 -T_n =2 + 3(2 ^ 1 + 2 ^ 2 + 2 ^ 3 + \\ldots + 2 ^ {n -1}) - (3 n -1) \\times 2 ^ n = 2 + 3 \\times \\frac{2}{2-1} (2 ^ n -1 -1) - (3 n -1) \\times 2 ^ n = -4 + (4 - 3 n) \\times 2 ^ n,$\n\n$所以 T_n = 4 + (3 n - 4) \\times 2 ^ n。$'] ['$T_n = 4 + (3 n - 4) \\times 2 ^ n$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +995 "$已知等比数列{a_n}的前n项和为S_n(n\in N^),-2S_2,S_3,4S_4成等差数列,且a_2+2a_3+a_4=\frac{1}{16}.$ +$求数列{a_n}的通项公式;$" ['$设等比数列a_n的公比为q���$\n\n$由-2S_2,S_3,4S_4成等差数列知,2S_3=-2S_2 + 4S_4,$\n\n$所以2a_4=-a_3,即q=-\\frac{1}{2}.$\n\n$又a_2+2a_3+a_4=\\frac{1}{16},所以a_1q+2a_1q^2+a_1q^3=\\frac{1}{16},$\n\n$所以a_1=-\\frac{1}{2},所以等比数列a_n的通项公式为a_n=\\left(-\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^n.$\n\n'] ['$a_n=\\left(-\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^n$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +996 "$已知等比数列{a_n}的前n项和为S_n(n\in N^),-2S_2,S_3,4S_4成等差数列,且a_2+2a_3+a_4=\frac{1}{16}.$ +$若b_n=- (n+2) \log_2 |a_n|,求数列 \left\{\frac{1}{b_n}\right\} 的前n项和 T_n.$" ['$由(1)知,b_n=-(n+2)log2 \\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^n=n(n+2),$\n\n$所以\\frac{1}{b_n}=\\frac{1}{n(n+2)}=\\frac{1}{2} \\left(\\frac{1}{n}-\\frac{1}{n+2}\\right),$\n\n$所以数列\\left\\{\\frac{1}{b_n}\\right\\}的前n项和$\n\n$T_n=\\frac{1}{2} \\left[\\right. \\left(1-\\frac{1}{3}\\right)+\\left(\\frac{1}{2}-\\frac{1}{4}\\right)+\\left(\\frac{1}{3}-\\frac{1}{5}\\right)+\\ldots +\\left(\\right. \\frac{1}{n-1}-\\frac{1}{n+1} \\left)\\right.+\\left(\\frac{1}{n}-\\frac{1}{n+2}\\right) \\left]\\right.=\\frac{1}{2} \\left(1+\\frac{1}{2}-\\frac{1}{n+1}-\\frac{1}{n+2}\\right)=\\frac{3}{4}-\\frac{2n+3}{2(n+1)(n+2)},$\n\n$所以数列\\left\\{\\frac{1}{b_n}\\right\\}的前n项和T_n=\\frac{3}{4}-\\frac{2n+3}{2(n+1)(n+2)}.$'] ['\\frac{3}{4}}-{\\frac{2n+3}{2(n+1)(n+2)}'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +997 "$已知数列a_n的前n项和为S_n,且满足S_n=(n+1)^2a_n-3,n\in N^.$ +$求a_n的通项公式;$" ['$当n=1时,a_1=4a_1-3,所以a_1=1.$\n\n$当n\\geq 2,n\\in N^时,S_{n-1}=n^2a_{n-1}-3,$\n$故a_n=S_n-S_{n-1}=(n+1)^2a_n-n^2a_{n-1},所以$\n\n$\\frac{a_n}{a_{n-1}}=\\frac{n}{n+2},$\n\n$故a_n=\\frac{a_n}{a_{n-1}}\\cdot \\frac{a_{n-1}}{a_{n-2}}\\cdot \\ldots \\cdot \\frac{a_3}{a_2}\\cdot \\frac{a_2}{a_1}\\cdot a_1=\\frac{n}{n+2}\\cdot \\frac{n-1}{n+1}\\cdot \\ldots \\cdot \\frac{3}{5}\\cdot \\frac{2}{4}\\cdot 1=\\frac{6}{(n+1)(n+2)}$\n\n$a_1=1符合上式.$\n\n$故{a_n}的通项公式为a_n=\\frac{6}{(n+1)(n+2)},n\\in N^.$'] ['$a_n=\\frac{6}{(n+1)(n+2)}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +998 "$已知数列a_n的前n项和为S_n,且满足S_n=(n+1)^2a_n-3,n\in N^.$ +$若b_n=(2n+3)(-1)^na_n,求{b_n}的前n项和T_n。$" ['$由(1)可得b_n=(2n+3)(-1^n)a_n$\n$=6(-1^n)\\left(\\frac{1}{n+1}+\\frac{1}{n+2}\\right),$\n$所以T_n=b_1+b_2+\\ldots +b_n=-6\\left(\\frac{1}{2}+\\frac{1}{3}\\right)+6\\left(\\frac{1}{3}+\\frac{1}{4}\\right)+\\ldots +6(-1^n)\\left(\\frac{1}{n+1}+\\frac{1}{n+2}\\right)=-3+\\frac{6}{n+2}(-1^n).$'] ['$-3+\\frac{6}{n+2}(-1^n)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +999 "$已知数列a_n满足 \sqrt{a_1}+\sqrt{a_2}+\ldots +\sqrt{a_n} = \frac{n^2+n+2}{2}.$ +$记b_n = \frac{1}{a_n+ \sqrt{a_n}},求数列\{ b_n \}的前n项和S_n.$" ['$\\sqrt{a_1} + \\sqrt{a_2} + \\ldots + \\sqrt{a_n} = \\frac{n^2+n+2}{2} ①,$\n\n$当 n=1 时,\\sqrt{a_1} = 2 \\Rightarrow a_1=4;$\n\n$当 n\\geq 2 时,有 \\sqrt{a_1} + \\sqrt{a_2} + \\ldots + \\sqrt{a_{n-1}} = \\frac{(n-1)^2 + (n-1) + 2}{2} ②,$\n\n$①-② 得 \\sqrt{a_n} =n,即 a_n = n^2.$\n\n$a_1=4 不符合上式,故 $\n\n$$\na_n = \n\\begin{cases}\n4, & \\text{if } n = 1,\\\\\nn^2, & \\text{if } n\\geq 2.\n\\end{cases}\n$$\n\n### \n\n$由上可知n=b_n=$\n$$\n\\begin{cases}\n\\frac{1}{6}, & \\text{if } n=1,\\\\\n\\frac{1}{n^2+n}, & \\text{if } n\\geq 2\n\\end{cases}\n$$\n$\\Rightarrow n=b_n=$\n$$\n\\begin{cases}\n\\frac{1}{6}, & \\text{if } n=1,\\\\\n\\frac{1}{n}-\\frac{1}{n+1}, & \\text{if } n\\geq 2,\n\\end{cases}\n$$\n$故当n=1时,S_1=\\frac{1}{6};$\n$当n\\geq 2时,S_n=b_1+b_2+b_3+\\ldots +b_n=\\frac{1}{6}+\\left(\\frac{1}{2}-\\frac{1}{3}\\right)+\\left(\\frac{1}{3}-\\frac{1}{4}\\right)+\\ldots +\\left(\\frac{1}{n}-\\frac{1}{n+1}\\right)=\\frac{1}{6}+\\frac{1}{2}-\\frac{1}{n+1}=\\frac{2}{3}-\\frac{1}{n+1}=\\frac{2n-1}{3(n+1)},$\n$因为S_1=\\frac{1}{6}符合上式,故S_n=\\frac{2n-1}{3(n+1)}.$'] ['$S_n=\\frac{2n-1}{3(n+1)}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +1000 "$记S_n为等差数列{a_n}的前n项和,已知a_1=-7,S_3=-15.$ +$求a_n的通项公式;$" ['$设a_n的公差为d,由题意得3a_1+3d=-15。由a_1=-7得d=2。$\n\n$所以a_n的通项公式为a_n=2n-9.$'] ['$a_n=2n-9$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +1001 "$记S_n为等差数列{a_n}的前n项和,已知a_1=-7,S_3=-15.$ +$求S_n,并求S_n的最小值。$" ['$设a_n的公差为d,由题意得3a_1+3d=-15。由a_1=-7得d=2。$\n\n$所以a_n的通项公式为a_n=2n-9.$\n\n\n$由上得 S_n = n^2 - 8n = (n - 4)^2 - 16。$\n\n$所以当 n = 4 时,S_n 取得最小值,最小值为 -16.$'] ['$S_n = (n - 4)^2 - 16,-16$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Expression,Numerical Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +1002 "$已知数列 a_n 是首项为 1 的等差数列,公差 d > 0,设数列 a_n 的前 n 项和为 S_n,且,S_1,S_2,S_4 成等比数列。$ +$求a_n的通项公式;$" ['$因为 S_1,S_2,S_4 成等比数列,所以 S^2_2 = S_1S_4,可得 (a_1+a_1+d)^2=a_1(4a_1+6d),即 (2+d)^2=4+6d,又 d>0,解得 d=2,则 a_n=a_1+(n-1)d=2n-1,$\n$所以 {a_n} 的通项公式是 a_n=2n-1.$'] ['$a_n=2n-1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +1003 "$已知a_n是各项均为正数的等比数列,a_1=2,a_3=2a_2+16。$ +$求a_n的通项公式;$" ['$设a_n的公比为q,由题设得2q^2=4q+16,即q^2-2q-8=0.$\n\n$解得q=-2(舍去)或q=4.$\n\n$因此a_n的通项公式为a_n=2\\times4^{n-1}=2^{2n-1}.$'] ['$a_n=2^{2n-1}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +1004 "$已知首项为3的数列{a_n}的前n项和为S_n,且S_{n+1} + a_n = S_n + 5 \cdot 4^n.$ +$求数列{a_n}的前n项和S_n.$" ['$由(1)知,a_n-4^n=(-1)^n,即a_n=4^n+(-1)^n$\n$数列{4^n}的前n项和为\\frac{4\\cdot (1-4^n)}{1-4}=\\frac{4^{n+1}-4}{3},$\n$数列{(-1)^n}的前n项和为$\n$\\frac{(-1)[1-(-1)^n]}{1-(-1)}=\\frac{(-1)^n-1}{2},$\n$故S_n=$\n$\\frac{4^{n+1}-4}{3}+\\frac{(-1)^n-1}{2}=\\frac{4^{n+1}}{3}+\\frac{(-1)^n}{2}-\\frac{11}{6}.$'] ['$\\frac{4^{n+1}}{3}+\\frac{(-1)^n}{2}-\\frac{11}{6}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +1005 "$数列{a_n}的前n项和为S_n,且S_n=n^2+2n,记T_n为等比数列{b_n}的前n项和,且b_2+b_4=90,T_4=120.$ +$求数列{a_n}和{b_n}的通项公式;$" ['$当n\\geq 2时,a_n=S_n-S_{n-1}=(n^2+2n)-[(n-1)^2+2(n-1)]=2n+1.$\n\n$当n=1时,a_1=S_1=3也满足上式,故数列{a_n}的通项公式为a_n=2n+1.$\n\n$设{b_n}的公比为q,当q=1时,由题意可知b_2+b_4=2b_1=90,T_4=4b_1=180\\neq 120,显然不成立.$\n\n$当q\\neq 1时,依题意得$\n\n$$\n\\begin{matrix}\nb_1q+b_1q^3=90,\\\\ \n\\frac{b_1(1-q^4)}{1-q}=120,\n\\end{matrix}\n$$\n\n解得\n\n$$\n\\begin{matrix}\nb_1=3,\\\\ \nq=3,\n\\end{matrix}\n$$\n\n$所以b_n=3^n.$'] ['$a_n=2n+1, b_n=3^n$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +1006 "$数列{a_n}的前n项和为S_n,且S_n=n^2+2n,记T_n为等比数列{b_n}的前n项和,且b_2+b_4=90,T_4=120.$ +$设数列c_n满足c_n = \frac{a_n}{b_n},求数列{c_n}的前n项和H_n。$" ['$由(1)得 c_n=\\frac{a_n}{b_n}=(2n+1)\\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^n,则$\n\n$H_n = 3 \\times \\frac{1}{3} + 5 \\times \\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^2 + 7 \\times \\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^3 + \\ldots + (2n-1) \\times \\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^{n-1} + (2n+1) \\times \\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^n ①$\n\n$\\frac{1}{3} H_n = 3 \\times \\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^2 + 5 \\times \\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^3 + 7 \\times \\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^4 + \\ldots + (2n-1) \\times \\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^n + (2n+1) \\times \\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^{n+1} ②$\n\n$①-②得 \\frac{2}{3} H_n = 1 + 2 \\times \\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^2 + 2 \\times \\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^3 + 2 \\times \\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^4 + \\ldots + 2 \\times \\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^n - (2n+1) \\times \\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^{n+1} = 1 + \\frac{\\frac{2}{9}\\left[1 - \\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^{n-1}\\right]}{1-\\frac{1}{3}} - (2n+1) \\times \\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^{n+1} = 1 + \\frac{1}{3} - \\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^n - (2n+1) \\times \\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^{n+1} = \\frac{4}{3} - (2n+4) \\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^{n+1}$\n\n$所以 H_n = 2 - (n+2) \\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^n.$\n\n'] ['$H_n = 2 - (n+2) \\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^n$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +1007 "$在某次投篮测试中,有两种投篮方案.方案甲:先在A点投篮一次,以后都在B点投篮;方案乙:始终在B点投篮.每次投篮之间相互独立.某选手在A点命中的概率为 \frac{3}{4} ,命中一次得3分,没有命中得0分;在B点命中的概率为 \frac{4}{5} ,命中一次得2分,没有命中得0分.用随机变量\xi 表示该选手一次投篮测试的累计得分,如果\xi 的值不低于3分,则认为通过测试并停止投篮,否则继续投篮,但一次测试最多投篮3次.$ +$若该选手选择方案甲,求测试结束后所得分\xi的数学期望;$" ['$在A点投篮命中记作A,不中记作\\overline{A};在B点投篮命中记作B,不中记作\\overline{B}.$\n\n$其中P(A)=\\frac{3}{4},P(\\overline{A})=\\frac{1}{4},P(B)=\\frac{4}{5},P(\\overline{B})=\\frac{1}{5} $\n\n$\\xi 的所有可能取值为0,2,3,4,则$\n\n$P(\\xi =0)=P(\\overline{A}\\overline{B}\\overline{B})=P(\\overline{A})P(\\overline{B})P(\\overline{B})=\\frac{1}{4}\\times \\frac{1}{5}\\times \\frac{1}{5}=\\frac{1}{100},$\n\n$P(\\xi =2)=P(\\overline{A}B\\overline{B})+P(\\overline{A}\\overline{B}B)=2\\times \\frac{1}{4}\\times \\frac{1}{5}\\times \\frac{4}{5}=\\frac{2}{25},$\n\n$P(\\xi =3)=P(A)=\\frac{3}{4},$\n\n$P(\\xi =4)=P(\\overline{A}BB)=P(\\overline{A})P(B)P(B)=\\frac{1}{4}\\times \\frac{4}{5}\\times \\frac{4}{5}=\\frac{4}{25}.$\n\n$\\xi 的分布列为$\n\n| $\\xi$ | 0 | 2 | 3 | 4 |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| P | $\\frac{1}{100}$ | $\\frac{2}{25}$ | $\\frac{3}{4}$ | $\\frac{4}{25}$ |\n\n$所以E(\\xi )=0\\times \\frac{1}{100}+2\\times \\frac{2}{25}+3\\times \\frac{3}{4}+4\\times \\frac{4}{25}=3.05,$\n\n$所以\\xi 的数学期望为3.05.$\n\n'] ['$3.05$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +1008 "已知表1和表2是某年部分日期天安门广场升旗时刻表. + +表1:某年部分日期的天安门广场升旗时刻表 + +| 日期 | 升旗时刻 | 日期 | 升旗时刻 | +| --- | ---- | --- | ---- | +| 1月1日 | 7:36 | 7月9日 | 4:53 | +| 1月21日 | 7:31 | 7月27日 | 5:07 | +| 2月10日 | 7:14 | 8月14日 | 5:24 | +| 3月2日 | 6:47 | 9月2日 | 5:42 | +| 3月22日 | 6:16 | 9月20日 | 5:59 | +| 4月9日 | 5:46 | 10月8日 | 6:17 | +| 4月28日 | 5:19 | 10月26日 | 6:36 | +| 5月16日 | 4:59 | 11月13日 | 6:56 | +| 6月3日 | 4:47 | 12月1日 | 7:16 | +| 6月22日 | 4:46 | 12月20日 | 7:31 | + +表2:某年2月部分日期的天安门广场升旗时刻表 + +| 日期 | 升旗时刻 | 日期 | 升旗时刻 | 日期 | 升旗时刻 | +| --- | ---- | --- | ---- | --- | ---- | +| 2月1日 | 7:23 | 2月11日 | 7:13 | 2月21日 | 6:59 | +| 2月3日 | 7:22 | 2月13日 | 7:11 | 2月23日 | 6:57 | +| 2月5日 | 7:20 | 2月15日 | 7:08 | 2月25日 | 6:55 | +| 2月7日 | 7:17 | 2月17日 | 7:05 | 2月27日 | 6:52 | +| 2月9日 | 7:15 | 2月19日 | 7:02 | 2月28日 | 6:49 | + +$甲,乙两人各自从表2的日期中随机选择一天观看升旗,且两人的选择相互独立.记X为这两个人中观看升旗的时刻早于7:00的人数,求X的数学期望E(X);$" ['X的可能取值为0,1,2.\n\n记事件B为“从表2的日期中随机选出一天,这天的升旗时刻早于7:00”,则P(B)=\\(\\frac{5}{15}\\)=\\(\\frac{1}{3}\\),P(\\(\\overline{B}\\))=1-P(B)=1-\\(\\frac{1}{3}\\)=\\(\\frac{2}{3}\\).\n\n$所以P(X=0)=P(\\overline{B})\\cdot P(\\overline{B})=\\frac{2}{3}\\times \\frac{2}{3}=\\frac{4}{9},$\n\n$P(X=1)=C^1_2\\frac{1}{3}\\times \\frac{2}{3}=\\frac{4}{9},$\n\n$P(X=2)=P(B)\\cdot P(B)=\\frac{1}{3}\\times \\frac{1}{3}=\\frac{1}{9}$\n\n所以iX的分布列为: \n\n|$iX$|0|1|2|\n|---|---|---|---|\n|$P$|$\\frac{4}{9}$|$\\frac{4}{9}$|$\\frac{1}{9}$|\n\n$E(X)=0\\times \\frac{4}{9}+1\\times \\frac{4}{9}+2\\times \\frac{1}{9}=\\frac{2}{3}.$\n\n'] ['$\\frac{2}{3}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +1009 "$在直角坐标系xOy中,曲线C的参数方程为$ +$$ +\left\{ +\begin{matrix} +x=2-t-t^2,\\ +y=2-3t+t^2 +\end{matrix} +\right. +$$ +$(t为参数且t\neq 1),C与坐标轴交于A,B两点.$ +$以坐标原点为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,求直线AB的极坐标方程.$" ['$由(1)可知,直线AB的直角坐标方程为\\frac{x}{-4}+\\frac{y}{12}=1,将x=\\rho cos \\theta ,y=\\rho sin \\theta 代入,得直线AB的极坐标方程为3\\rho cos \\theta -\\rho sin \\theta +12=0.$'] ['$3\\rho cos \\theta -\\rho sin \\theta +12=0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +1010 "$等差数列{a_n}中,a_3+a_4=4,a_5+a_7=6.$ +$求a_n的通项公式;$" ['$设数列a_n的公差为d,$\n由题意有\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\n2a_1+5d=4,\\\\ \na_1+5d=3,\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n解得\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\na_1=1,\\\\ \nd=\\frac{2}{5}.\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n\n\n\n$所以a_n的通项公式为a_n=\\frac{2n+3}{5}.$'] ['$a_n=\\frac{2n+3}{5}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +1011 "$已知a_n为等差数列,b_n为等比数列,a_1=b_1=1,a_5=5(a_4-a_3),b_5=4(b_4-b_3)。$ +$求a_n和b_n的通项公式;$" ['$设等差数列a_n的公差为d,等比数列b_n的公比为q.由a_1=1,a_5=5(a_4-a_3),可得d=1,从而a_n的通项公式为a_n=n.由b_1=1,b_5=4(b_4-b_3),又q\\neq 0,可得q^2-4q+4=0,解得q=2,从而b_n的通项公式为b_n=2^{n-1}.$'] ['$a_n=n, b_n=2^{n-1}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +1012 "$已知a_n为等差数列,b_n为等比数列,a_1=b_1=1,a_5=5(a_4-a_3),b_5=4(b_4-b_3)。$ +$对任意的正整数n,设c_n=\begin{cases}\frac{(3a_n-2)b_n}{a_na_{n+2}}, & \text{当} n\text{为奇数},\\ \frac{a_{n-1}}{b_{n+1}}, & \text{当} n\text{为偶数}.\end{cases} 求数列{c_n}的前2n项和.$" ['$当n为奇数时,c_n=\\frac{(3a_n-2)b_n}{a_na_{n+2}}=\\frac{(3n-2)2^{n-1}}{n(n+2)}=\\frac{2^{n+1}}{n+2}-\\frac{2^{n-1}}{n};当n为偶数时,c_n=\\frac{a_{n-1}}{b_{n+1}}=\\frac{n-1}{2^n}.$\n\n$对任意的正整数n,有\\sum \\limits^{n}_{k=1}c_{2k-1}=\\sum \\limits^{n}_{k=1}\\left(\\frac{2^{2k}}{2k+1}-\\frac{2^{2k-2}}{2k-1}\\right)=\\frac{2^{2n}}{2n+1}-1(累加法求和),和\\sum \\limits^{n}_{k=1}c_{2k}=\\sum \\limits^{n}_{k=1}\\frac{2k-1}{4^k}=\\frac{1}{4}+\\frac{3}{4^2}+\\frac{5}{4^3}+\\ldots +\\frac{2n-1}{4^n}. ① 由①得\\frac{1}{4}\\sum \\limits^{n}_{k=1}c_{2k}=\\frac{1}{4^2}+\\frac{3}{4^3}+\\ldots +\\frac{2n-3}{4^n}+\\frac{2n-1}{4^{n+1}}. ② 由①②得\\frac{3}{4}\\sum \\limits^{n}_{k=1}c_{2k}=\\frac{1}{4}+\\frac{2}{4^2}+\\ldots +\\frac{2}{4^n}-\\frac{2n-1}{4^{n+1}}=\\frac{\\frac{2}{4}\\left(1-\\frac{1}{4^n}\\right)}{1-\\frac{1}{4}}-\\frac{1}{4}-\\frac{2n-1}{4^{n+1}}(错位相减法求和),从而得\\sum \\limits^{n}_{k=1}c_{2k}=\\frac{5}{9}-\\frac{6n+5}{9\\times 4^n}.$\n\n$因此\\sum \\limits^{2n}_{k=1}c_{k}=\\sum \\limits^{n}_{k=1}c_{2k-1}+\\sum \\limits^{n}_{k=1}c_{2k}=\\frac{4^n}{2n+1}-\\frac{6n+5}{9\\times 4^n}-\\frac{4}{9}. 所以,数列{c_n}的前2n项和为\\frac{4^n}{2n+1}-\\frac{6n+5}{9\\times 4^n}-\\frac{4}{9}. $'] ['$\\frac{4^n}{2n+1}-\\frac{6n+5}{9\\times 4^n}-\\frac{4}{9}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +1013 "$意大利数学家斐波那契在研究兔子繁殖问题时发现了数列1,1,2,3,5,8,13,\ldots ,数列中的每一项被称为斐波那契数,记作 F _n. 已知 F _1 =1, F _2 =1, F _n = F _{n-1} + F _{n-2},其中 n 属于 N _,且 n >2.$ +$若F_{2024}=a,则F_1 + F_2 + F_3 \ldots + F_{2022}= \_\_\_\_\_\_.$" ['$由斐波那契数 F_{n} 的递推关系可知:n > 2 时 F_{n-2}=F_{n}-F_{n-1},且 F_{1}=F_{2}=1,F_{2024}=a,$\n\n$所以 F_{1}+F_{2}+\\ldots+F_{2022}=(F_{3}-F_{2})+(F_{4}-F_{3})+\\ldots+(F_{2024}-F_{2023})=F_{2024}-F_{2}=a-1.$'] ['$a-1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +1014 "$已知公差不为0的等差数列a_n的前n项和为S_n,S_9=81,且a_2,a_5,a_{14}成等比数列.$ +$求数列{a_n}的通项公式a_n;$" ['$由题意知 S_9=\\frac{9(a_1+a_9)}{2}=9a_5=81,故 a_5=9.$\n\n$设数列 {a_n} 的公差为 d,d \\neq 0.$\n\n$因为 a_2,a_5,a_14 成等比数列,所以 a^2_5=a_2 \\cdot a_{14},$\n\n$即 9^2=(9-3d)(9+9d),解得 d=2,$\n\n$所以 a_n=a_5+(n-5) \\times 2=9+2(n-5)=2n-1 (n\\in N^).$'] ['$2n-1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +1015 "$已知公差不为0的等差数列a_n的前n项和为S_n,S_9=81,且a_2,a_5,a_{14}成等比数列.$ +$设b_n = \sqrt{1+\frac{1}{S_n}+\frac{1}{S_{n+1}}},求数列{b_n}的前n项和T_n.$" ['$由(1)知,S_n = \\frac{n(1+2n-1)}{2} = n^2,$\n$所以 b_n = \\sqrt{1+\\frac{1}{S_n}+\\frac{1}{S_{n+1}}} = \\sqrt{1+\\frac{1}{n^2}+\\frac{1}{(n+1)^2}} = \\sqrt{\\frac{[n(n+1)+1]^2}{[n(n+1)]^2}} = \\frac{n(n+1)+1}{n(n+1)} = 1+\\frac{1}{n(n+1)} = 1+\\frac{1}{n}-\\frac{1}{n+1},$\n$故 T_n = b_1 + b_2 +\\ldots + b_n = \\left(1+\\frac{1}{1}-\\frac{1}{2}\\right) + \\left(1+\\frac{1}{2}-\\frac{1}{3}\\right) +\\ldots + \\left(1+\\frac{1}{n}-\\frac{1}{n+1}\\right) = n+1-\\frac{1}{n+1} = \\frac{n^2+2n}{n+1}.$'] ['$\\frac{n^2+2n}{n+1}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +1016 "$已知抛物线E:y^2=2px(p>0)的焦点为F,准线为l,点P为E上的一点,过点P作直线l的垂线,垂足为M,且|MF|=|FP|,\overrightarrow{FM}\cdot \overrightarrow{FP}=32.$ +$求抛物线E的标准方程;$" ['$因为,|PM|=|PF|=|FM|,所以,三角形PFM为等边三角形,所以,\\angle FMP=\\angle PFM=60^\\circ ,$\n\n$又,{\\vec{FM}} \\cdot {\\vec{FP}} =|FM| \\cdot |FP| \\cdot \\cos \\angle PFM = |FM|^2 \\cdot \\cos 60^\\circ = 32,所以|FM|=8,$\n\n$设直线l交x轴于N点,则在Rt\\triangle MNF中,\\angle NMF=30^\\circ ,|NF|=4=p,$\n\n$所以E的方程为y^2=8x.$'] ['$y^2=8x$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1017 "$已知椭圆\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)的一个顶点为A(0,-3),右焦点为F,且|OA|=|OF|,其中O为原点.$ +求椭圆的方程;" ['$由已知可得b=3.记半焦距为c,由|OF|=|OA|可得c=b=3.又a^2=b^2+c^2,所以a^2=18.所以,椭圆的方程为\\frac{x^2}{18}+\\frac{y^2}{9}=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{18}+\\frac{y^2}{9}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1018 "$已知双曲线C:\frac{x^2}{a^2} - \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1(a>0,b>0)的右焦点为F(2,0),渐近线方程为y=\pm \sqrt{3}x.$ +求C的方程;" ['由题意知: \n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\nc=2,\\\\ \n\\frac{b}{a}=\\sqrt{3},\\\\ \nc^2=a^2+b^2,\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n解得 \n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\na=1,\\\\ \nb=\\sqrt{3},\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n$\\therefore C 的方程为 x^{2}-\\frac{y^{2}}{3}=1.$'] ['$x^{2}-\\frac{y^{2}}{3}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1019 "$已知椭圆C: \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} =1(a>b>0)过定点(-2,0),离心率e= \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}.$ +求椭圆C的标准方程;" ['$:依题意可得a=2,\\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2},所以c=\\sqrt{3},所以b=1。所以椭圆C的标准方程为\\frac{x^2}{4}+y^{2}=1。$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4}+y^{2}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1020 "$已知椭圆E:\frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (a > b > 0) 的一个顶点为A(0,1),焦距为 2\sqrt{3}。$ +$求椭圆E的方程;$" ['$由题意得b=1, c=\\sqrt{3}, 则a=\\sqrt{1^2+(\\sqrt{3})^2}=2,所以椭圆E的方程为\\frac{x^2}{4}+y^2=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4}+y^2=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1021 "$已知椭圆M: \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (a > b > 0)经过点C(0,1),离心率为 \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2} ,M与x轴交于两点A(a,0),B(-a,0),过点C的直线l与M交于另一点D,并与x轴交于点P,直线AC与直线BD交于点Q。$ +$求椭圾圆M的方程;$" ['由题意得:\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\nb=1,\\\\ \n\\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2},\\\\ \na^2-c^2=b^2,\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n解得\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\na^2=2,\\\\ \nb^2=1,\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n$所以椭圆 M 的方程为 \\frac{x^2}{2}+ y^2 =1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{2}+ y^2 =1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1022 "$已知点(1,\frac{3}{2})在椭圆E:\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)上,且E的离心率为\frac{1}{2}.$ +求E的方程;" ['由题意得\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\n\\frac{1}{a^2}+\\frac{9}{4b^2}=1,\\\\ \n\\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{1}{2},\\\\ \na^2=b^2+c^2,\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n解得\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\na=2,\\\\ \nb=\\sqrt{3},\\\\ \nc=1.\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n所以椭圆E的方程为\n$\\frac{x^2}{4} + \\frac{y^2}{3} = 1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4} + \\frac{y^2}{3} = 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1023 "$已知椭圆E: \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (a > b > 0)的一个顶点为(0,1),焦距为2 \sqrt{3}. 椭圆E的左、右顶点分别为A、B,P为椭圆E上异于A,B的动点,PB交直线x=4于点T,AT与椭圆E的另一个交点为Q.$ +$求椭圆E的标准方程;$" ['由题意得\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}2c=2\\sqrt{3},\\\\ b=1,\\\\ a^2=b^2+c^2,\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n解得\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}a=2,\\\\ c=\\sqrt{3}.\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n\n$所以椭圆E的标准方程为$\n\n$\\frac{x^2}{4} + y^{2} = 1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4} + y^{2} = 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1024 "某地区组织所有高一学生参加了“科技的力量”主题知识竞答活动,根据答题得分情况评选出一二三等奖若干,为了解不同性别学生的获奖情况,从该地区随机抽取了500名参加活动的高一学生,获奖情况统计结果如下: + +| 性别 | 人数 | 获奖人数 | | | +| :-------- | --------:| :--------: | :--------: | :--------: | +| | | 一等奖 | 二等奖 | 三等奖 | +| 男生 | 200 | 10 | 15 | 15 | +| 女生 | 300 | 25 | 25 | 40 | + +假设所有学生的获奖情况相互独立. +$用频率估计概率,从该地区高一男生中随机抽取1名,从该地区高一女生中随机抽取1名,以X表示这2名学生中获奖的人数,求X的数学期望EX;$" ['$随机变量X的所有可能取值为0,1,2. 记“从该地区高一男生中随机抽取1名,该学生获奖”为事件B,“从该地区高一女生中随机抽取1名,该学生获奖”为事件C.由题设知,事件B,C相互独立,且P(B)估计为\\frac{10+15+15}{200}=\\frac{1}{5},P(C)估计为\\frac{25+25+40}{300}=\\frac{3}{10}. $\n\n$所以P(X=0)=P(\\overline{B}\u3000\\overline{C})=P(\\overline{B})P(\\overline{C})=\\left(1-\\frac{1}{5}\\right)\\times \\left(1-\\frac{3}{10}\\right)=\\frac{28}{50}=\\frac{14}{25},$\n\n$P(X=1)=P(B\\overline{C}\\cup \\overline{B}C)=P(B)P(\\overline{C})+P(\\overline{B})P(C)=\\frac{1}{5}\\times \\left(1-\\frac{3}{10}\\right)+\\left(1-\\frac{1}{5}\\right)\\times \\frac{3}{10}=\\frac{19}{50}, $\n\n$P(X=2)=P(BC)=P(B)P(C)=\\frac{1}{5}\\times \\frac{3}{10}=\\frac{3}{50}. $\n\n所以X的分布列为\n\n| X | 0 | 1 | 2 |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n$| P | $\\frac{14}{25}$ | $\\frac{19}{50}$ | $\\frac{3}{50}$ |$\n\n$故X的数学期望EX=0\\times \\frac{14}{25}+1\\times \\frac{19}{50}+2\\times \\frac{3}{50}=\\frac{1}{2}.$\n\n'] ['$\\frac{1}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +1025 "某地区教育研究部门为了解当前本地区中小学教师在教育教学中运用人工智能的态度、经验、困难等情况,从该地区2000名中小学教师中随机抽取100名进行了访谈.在整理访谈结果的过程中,统计他们对“人工智能助力教学”作用的认识,得到的部分数据如下表所示: + +|观点类别|没有帮助|有一些帮助|很有帮助|合计| +|---|---|---|---|---| +|男|2|10|-|20| +|女|-|35|40|80| +$|40岁以下
(含40岁)|1|-|35|-|$ +|40岁以上|6|26|-|45| + +假设用频率估计概率,且每位教师对“人工智能助力教学”作用的认识相互独立。 +$对受访教师关于“人工智能助力教学”的观点进行赋分:“没有帮助”记0分,“有一些帮助”记2分,“很有帮助”记4分.统计受访教师的得分,将这100名教师得分的平均值记为\mu_{0},其中年龄在40岁以下(含40岁)教师得分的平均值记为\mu_{1},年龄在40岁以上教师得分的平均值记为\mu_{2},求\mu_{0},\mu_{1},\mu_{2}。$" ['$\\mu _0=\\frac{(1+6)\\times 0+(19+26)\\times 2+(35+13)\\times 4}{100}=2.82,\\mu _1=\\frac{1\\times 0+19\\times 2+35\\times 4}{55}=\\frac{178}{55},\\mu _2=\\frac{6\\times 0+26\\times 2+13\\times 4}{45}=\\frac{104}{45}$\n\n\n'] ['$2.82, \\frac{178}{55}, \\frac{104}{45}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +1026 "$网络直播带货助力乡村振兴,它作为一种新颖的销售土特产的方式,受到社会各界的追捧.某直播间开展地标优品带货直播活动,其主播直播周期数x(其中10场为一个周期)与产品销售额y(千元)的数据统计如下:$ + +| 直播周期数x | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | +| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | +| 产品销售额y(千元) | 3 | 7 | 15 | 30 | 40 | + +根据数据特点,甲认为样本点分布在指数型曲线y=2^(bx+a)的周围,据此他对数据进行了一些初步处理.如下表: + +| $\overline{z}$ | $\sum \limits^{5}_{{i=1}}x^2_i$ | $\sum \limits^{5}_{{i=1}}x_iy_i$ | $\sum \limits^{5}_{{i=1}}x_iz_i$ | $\sum \limits^{5}_{{i=1}}(y_i-\overline{y})^2$ | $\sum \limits^{5}_{{i=1}}(y_i-\hat{y}_i)^2$ | +| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | +| 3.7 | 55 | 382 | 65 | 978 | 101 | + +$其中z_i=log2y_i,\overline{z}=\frac{1}{5}\sum \limits^{5}_{{i=1}}z_i.$ + +$附:对于一组数据(u1,v1),(u2,v2),\ldots ,(un,vn),相关指数R^2=1-\frac{\sum \limits^{n}_{{i=1}}(v_i-\hat{v}_i)^2}{\sum \limits^{n}_{{i=1}}(v_i-\overline{v})^2}.$ +$请根据表中数据,建立y关于x的回归方程(系数精确到0.01);$" ['$将y=2^(bx+a)两边取对数得log2 y=bx+a,令z=log2 y,则\\hat{z}=\\hat{b}x+\\hat{a},$\n$\\because \\overline{x}=3,\\therefore \\hat{b}=\\frac{\\sum \\limits^{5}_{i=1}x_iz_i-5\\overline{x}\\cdot \\overline{z}}{\\sum \\limits^{5}_{i=1}x^2_i-5\\overline{x}^2}=\\frac{65-5\\times 3\\times 3.7}{55-5\\times 9}=0.95,$\n$\\therefore \\hat{a}=\\overline{z}-\\hat{b}\\overline{x}=3.7-0.95\\times 3=0.85,$\n$\\therefore 回归方程为\\hat{z}=0.95x+0.85,即\\hat{y}=2^(0.95x+0.85).$'] ['$\\hat{y}=2^(0.95x+0.85)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +1027 "$设等差数列a_n的前n项和为S_n,a_3=4,a_4=S_3.数列b_n满足:对每个n\in N^,S_n+b_n,S_{n+1}+b_n,S_{n+2}+b_n成等比数列.$ +$求数列{a_n},{b_n}的通项公式;$" ['$设数列a_n的公差为d,由题意得a_1+2d=4,a_1+3d=3a_1+3d,解得a_1=0,d=2.$\n$从而a_n=2n-2,n \\in N^.$\n$所以S_n=n^2-n,n \\in N^.$\n$由S_n+b_n,S_{n+1}+b_n,S_{n+2}+b_n成等比数列得$\n$(S_{n+1}+b_{n})^2=(S_n+b_{n})(S_{n+2}+b_{n}).$\n$解得b_n=\\frac{1}{d}(S^2_{n+1}-S_nS_{n+2}).所以b_n=n^2+n,n \\in N^.$'] ['$a_n=2n-2, S_n=n^2-n, b_n=n^2+n$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Expression Open-ended Sequence Math Chinese +1028 "$在直角坐标系xOy中,曲线C的参数方程为$ +$$ +\begin{aligned} +x&=1+\cos \alpha, \\ +y&=\sin \alpha +\end{aligned} +$$ +$其中,\alpha为参数,直线l:x+y=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2} 。以坐标原点为极点,x轴的正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系。$ +写出曲线C的普通方程及直线l的极标方程;" ['$由参数方程\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x=1+\\cos \\alpha ,\\\\ y=\\sin \\alpha \\end{matrix}\\right.(\\alpha为参数),得\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}\\cos \\alpha =x-1,\\\\ \\sin \\alpha =y,\\end{matrix}\\right.又cos^2\\alpha+sin^2\\alpha=1.$\n\n$\\therefore 曲线C的普通方程为(x-1)^2+y^2=1.$\n\n$由直角坐标方程为x+y=\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2},而x=\\rho \\cos \\theta,y=\\rho \\sin \\theta,$\n\n$\\therefore 直线l的极坐标方程为2\\rho \\cos \\theta+2\\rho \\sin \\theta-\\sqrt{2}=0,$\n\n$即\\rho \\sin(\\left(\\theta +\\frac{\\pi }{4}\\right)=\\frac{1}{2}.$\n\n'] ['$(x-1)^2+y^2=1,\\rho \\\\sin (\\left(\\theta +\\frac{\\pi }{4}\\right)=\\frac{1}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Equation Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +1029 "在直角坐标系中,曲线C的参数方程为 +$$ +\begin{matrix} +x=\mathrm{e}^2\cdot t-t\cdot \mathrm{e}^t,\\ +y=t\mathrm{ln} t-\mathrm{ln} t, +\end{matrix} +$$ +t为参数且t>0.曲线C与x轴交于点A,与y轴交于点B. +以坐标原点为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,求以B为圆心,且过原点的圆B的极坐标方程." ['$因为B(0,ln 2), 所以圆B的直角坐标方程为x^2+(y-ln 2)^2=(ln 2)^2.即x^2+y^2-(2ln 2)y=0.$\n$因为x^2+y^2=\\rho ^2,y=\\rho sin \\theta ,$\n$所以得到圆B的极坐标方程为\\rho ^2=(2ln 2)\\rho sin \\theta ,$\n$化简得\\rho =(2ln 2)sin \\theta .$'] ['${\\rho}=(2ln 2)\\sin \\theta$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +1030 "$已知A,B分别为椭圆E:\frac{x^2}{a^2}+y^2=1(a>1)的左、右顶点,G为E的上顶点,\overrightarrow{AG}\cdot \overrightarrow{GB}=8.P为直线x=6上的动点,PA与E的另一交点为C,PB与E的另一交点为D。$ +$求E的方程;$" ['$由题设得A(-a,0),B(a,0),G(0,1).$\n$则\\overrightarrow{AG}=(a,1),\\overrightarrow{GB}=(a,-1).由\\overrightarrow{AG}\\cdot \\overrightarrow{GB}=8得a^2-1=8,即a=3.$\n$所以E的方程为\\frac{x^2}{9}+y^2=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{9}+y^2=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1031 "$已知椭圆C:\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)的离心率为\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2},A(a,0),B(0,b),O(0,0),\triangle OAB的面积为1.$ +$求椭圆C的方程;$" ['由题意得\n\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}\\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2},\\\\ \\frac{1}{2}ab=1,\\\\ a^2=b^2+c^2,\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n\n$解得a=2, b=1.$\n\n$所以椭圆C的方程为$\n\n$\\frac{x^2}{4} + y^2 = 1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4} + y^2 = 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1032 "$已知椭圆C: \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0), A, B分别为椭圆C的右顶点、上顶点,F为椭圆C的右焦点,椭圆C的离心率为 \frac{1}{2}, \triangle ABF的面积为 \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}.$ +求椭圆C的标准方程;" ['$由题意得\\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{1}{2},则a=2c,b=\\sqrt{3}c.$\n$\\triangle ABF的面积为\\frac{1}{2}(a-c)b=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2},则(a-c)b=\\sqrt{3}.$\n$将a=2c,b=\\sqrt{3}c代入上式,得c=1,则a=2,b=\\sqrt{3},$\n$故椭圆C的标准方程为\\frac{x^2}{4}+\\frac{y^2}{3}=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4}+\\frac{y^2}{3}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1033 "$已知椭圆 C:\frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} =1 (a>b>0)的离心率为\frac{1}{2}, 圆C_1:x^2 + y^2 =3 与椭圆 C 有且仅有的两个交点都在 y 轴上.$ +求椭圆C的标准方程;" ['由题意知,\n$$\n\\begin{align*}\ne&=\\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{1}{2},\\\\ \nb&=\\sqrt{3},\\\\\na^2&=b^2+c^2,\n\\end{align*}\n$$\n$解得 a =2, b =\\sqrt{3} ,\\therefore 椭圆 C 的标准方程为 \\frac{x^2}{4} + \\frac{y^2}{3} =1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4} + \\frac{y^2}{3} =1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1034 "$“学习强国”学习平台的答题竞赛包括三项活动,分别为“四人赛”“双人对战”和“挑战答题"".在一天内参加“四人赛”活动,每局第一名积3分,第二、三名各积2分,第四名积1分,每局比赛相互独立.在一天内参加“双人对战”活动,每局比赛的获胜者得2分,失败者得1分,各局比赛相互独立.已知甲参加“四人赛”活动,每局比赛获得第一名、第二名的概率均为\frac{1}{3},获得第四名的概率为\frac{1}{6};甲参加“双人对战”活动,每局比赛获胜的概率均为\frac{3}{4}.$ +$""挑战答题""比赛规则如下:每位参赛者每次连续回答5道题,在答对的情况下可以持续答题,出现第一次答错时则答题结束,积分为0分,只有全部答对5道题才可以获得5个积分.某市某部门为了吸引更多职工参与答题,设置了一个""得积分进阶""活动,从1阶到n(n\geq 10)阶,规定每轮答题获得5个积分进2阶,没有获得积分进1阶,并根据获得的阶级给予相应的奖品.若乙每次获得5个积分的概率互不影响,均为\frac{5}{6},记乙进到n阶的概率为p_n,求p_{12}.$" ['$依题意,p_1=\\frac{1}{6},p_2=\\frac{5}{6},$\n\n$“进到(n+1)阶”的情况包括两种:$\n$①进到n阶后下一轮未获得5个积分,其概率为\\frac{1}{6}p_n;$\n$②进到(n-1)(n\\geq 2)阶后下一轮获得5个积分,其概率为\\frac{5}{6}p_{n-1},$\n这两种情况彼此互斥,\n\n$所以p_{n+1}=\\frac{1}{6}p_n+\\frac{5}{6}p_{n-1}(n\\geq 2),$\n\n$则p_{n+1}-p_n=\\frac{1}{6}p_n+\\frac{5}{6}p_{n-1}-p_n=-\\frac{5}{6}(p_n-p_{n-1})(n\\geq 2),$\n\n$又p_2-p_1=\\frac{2}{3},$\n\n$所以数列{p_{n+1}-p_n}是首项为\\frac{2}{3},公比为-\\frac{5}{6}的等比数列,$\n$所以p_{n+1}-p_n=\\frac{2}{3}\\left(-\\frac{5}{6}\\right)^{n-1},$\n\n$故p_{12}=p_1+(p_2-p_1)+\\ldots +(p_{11}-p_{10})+(p_{12}-p_{11})$\n$=\\frac{1}{6}+\\frac{2}{3}\\left(-\\frac{5}{6}\\right)^1+\\ldots +\\frac{2}{3}\\left(-\\frac{5}{6}\\right)^{10}$\n$=\\frac{1}{6}+\\frac{2}{3}\\left(1-\\left(-\\frac{5}{6}\\right)^{11}\\right)/(1+\\frac{5}{6})$\n$=\\frac{1}{6}+\\frac{4}{11}\\left[1-\\left(-\\frac{5}{6}\\right)^{11}\\right].$\n$即p_{12}=\\frac{1}{6}+\\frac{4}{11}\\left[1+\\left(\\frac{5}{6}\\right)^{11}\\right].$\n\n'] ['$\\frac{1}{6}+\\frac{4}{11}\\left[1+\\left(\\frac{5}{6}\\right)^{11}\\right]$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +1035 "法国数学家庞加莱是个喜欢吃面包的人,他每天都会到同一家面包店购买一个面包.该面包店的面包师声称自己所出售的面包的平均质量是1 000 g,上下浮动不超过50 g.这句话用数学语言来表达就是:每个面包的质量服从期望为1 000 g,标准差为50 g的正态分布. +$假设有两箱面包(面包除颜色外,其他都一样),已知第一箱中共装有6个面包,其中黑色面包有2个;第二箱中共装有8个面包,其中黑色面包有3个.现随机挑选一箱,然后从该箱中随机取出2个面包.求取出黑色面包个数的数学期望.$ + +附: +$1. 随机变量\eta 服从正态分布N(\mu ,\sigma ^2),则P(\mu -\sigma \leq \eta \leq \mu +\sigma ) =0.6827, P(\mu -2\sigma \leq \eta \leq \mu +2\sigma )=0.9545,P(\mu -3\sigma \leq \eta \leq \mu +3\sigma )=0.9973;$ +2. 通常把发生概率小于0.05的事件称为小概率事件,并认为小概率事件基本不会发生." ['$设取出黑色面包的个数为随机变量\\xi ,则\\xi 的可能取值为0,1,2, $\n$则P(\\xi =0)=\\frac{1}{2}\\times \\frac{4}{6}\\times \\frac{3}{5}+\\frac{1}{2}\\times \\frac{5}{8}\\times \\frac{4}{7}=\\frac{53}{140}, $\n$P(\\xi =1)=\\frac{1}{2}\\times \\frac{2}{6}\\times \\frac{4}{5}\\times 2+\\frac{1}{2}\\times \\frac{3}{8}\\times \\frac{5}{7}\\times 2=\\frac{449}{840}, $\n$P(\\xi =2)=\\frac{1}{2}\\times \\frac{2}{6}\\times \\frac{1}{5}+\\frac{1}{2}\\times \\frac{3}{8}\\times \\frac{2}{7}=\\frac{73}{840}, $\n$故\\xi 的分布列为 $\n\n| $\\xi$ | 0 | 1 | 2 |\n|---- |---- |---- |---- |\n| P | $\\frac{53}{140}$ | $\\frac{449}{840}$ | $\\frac{73}{840}$ |\n\n$数学期望E(\\xi )=\\frac{53}{140}\\times 0+\\frac{449}{840}\\times 1+\\frac{73}{840}\\times 2=\\frac{17}{24}.$\n\n'] ['$\\frac{17}{24}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +1036 "某药厂研制了治疗一种疾病的新药,该药的治愈率为85%.现用此药给10位病人治疗,记被治愈的人数为X. +$若X=6,从这10人中随机选3人进行用药体验访谈,求被选中的治愈人数Y的数学期望;$" ['治愈人数Y的可能取值为0,1,2,3.\n\n$P(Y=0) = \\frac{\\mathrm{C}^3_4}{\\mathrm{C}^3_{10}} = \\frac{1}{30}$\n\n$P(Y=1) = \\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_6\\mathrm{C}^2_4}{\\mathrm{C}^3_{10}} = \\frac{3}{10}$\n\n$P(Y=2) = \\frac{\\mathrm{C}^2_6\\mathrm{C}^1_4}{\\mathrm{C}^3_{10}} = \\frac{1}{2}$\n\n$P(Y=3) = \\frac{\\mathrm{C}^3_6}{\\mathrm{C}^3_{10}} = \\frac{1}{6}$\n\n所以Y的分布列为\n\n| Y | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |\n|-----|----|-----|----|----|\n|P|$\\frac{1}{30}$|$\\frac{3}{10}$|$\\frac{1}{2}$|$ \\frac{1}{6}$|\n\n$所以Y的数学期望E(Y) = 0\\times \\frac{1}{30} + 1\\times \\frac{3}{10} + 2\\times \\frac{1}{2} + 3\\times \\frac{1}{6} = \\frac{9}{5}.$\n\n'] ['$\\frac{9}{5}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +1037 "$已知函数f(x)=ax^2+bx+1(a、b为实数,a\neq 0,x\in R),函数f(x)的图象与x轴有且只有一个交点(-1,0).$ +$求f(x)的表达式;$" ['$由题意可知f(x)=a(x+1)^2=ax^2+2ax+a.又f(x)=ax^2+bx+1,$\n$所以\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}b=2a,\\\\ a=1,\\end{matrix}\\right.可得\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}a=1,\\\\ b=2,\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n$故f(x)=x^2+2x+1.$\n\n思路分析\n$分析可知f(x)=a(x+1)^2,对比 f(x)=ax^2+bx+1可求得a、b的值,即可得出函数f(x)的表达式;$'] ['$f(x)=x^2+2x+1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +1038 "$已知f(x)是定义在 R 上的偶函数,且 x \leq 0 时, f(x) = \log_{\frac{1}{2}}(-x+1).$ +$求函数f(x)在x \in (0,+\infty)上的解析式;$" ['$当x>0时,-x<0, f(-x)=\\log_{\\frac{1}{2}}(x+1).$\n\n$\\therefore x>0时, f(x)=f(-x)= \\log_{\\frac{1}{2} }{(x+1 )},$\n\n$则 f(x)= $\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\n\\log _{\\frac{1}{2}}(-x+1),x\\leq 0,\\\\ \n\\log _{\\frac{1}{2}}(x+1),x>0.\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n\n'] ['$f(x)=\\log _{\\frac{1}{2}}(x+1)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +1039 "$某企业开发了一种大型电子产品,生产这种产品的年固定成本为2 500万元,每生产x百件,需另投入成本c(x)(单位:万元),当年产量不足30百件时,c(x)=10x^2+100x;当年产量不小于30百件时,c(x)=501x+\frac{10 000}{x}-4 500. 若每百件电子产品的售价为500万元,通过市场分析,该企业生产的电子产品能全部销售完.$ +$求年产量x大于30时,年利润y(万元)关系于年产量x(百件)的函数关系式;$" ['$当 0 < x < 30 时,y=500x-10x^2-100x-2500=-10x^2+400x-2500 ,$\n\n$当 x \\geq 30 时,y=500x-501x-\\frac{10000}{x} + 4500 - 2500 = 2000 - \\left(x+\\frac{10000}{x}\\right) ,$\n\n$\\therefore y = \\left\\{ \\begin{array}{ll} -10x^2+400x-2500, & {0 < x < 30,}\\\\ 2000-\\left(x+\\frac{10000}{x}\\right), & {x \\ge 30.} \\end{array} \\right.$\n\n'] ['$y = 2000-(x+\\frac{10000}{x})$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +1040 "$已知函数f(x)=a^{2x}-a^{x}+2a(a>0且a\neq 1)的图象经过点(1,6)。$ +$求f(x)的解析式;$" ['$将(1,6)代入 f(x) 的解析式得 a^2+a-6=0,解得 a=2 或 a=-3 (舍),故 f(x)=2^{2x}-2^x+4.$'] ['$f(x)=2^{2x}-2^x+4$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +1041 "$已知函数f(x)=\frac{2}{x}+aln x,a\in R.$ +$求当a>e时,函数f(x)在区间(0,e]上的最小值.$" "[""$f' (x) = -\\frac{2}{x^2} + \\frac{a}{x} = \\frac{ax - 2}{x^2}, x\\in (0,e],$\n\n$①当a=0时,f' (x) = \\frac{-2}{x^2} < 0,函数f(x)在区间(0,e]上单调递减,则函数f(x)在区间(0,e]上的最小值为f(e) = \\frac{2}{\\mathrm{e}}.$\n\n$②当a<0时,f'(x)<0,函数f(x)在区间(0,e]上单调递减,则函数f(x)在区间(0,e]上的最小值为f(e)=\\frac{2}{\\mathrm{e}} + a.$\n\n$③当0<\\frac{2}{a}\\frac{2}{\\mathrm{e}}时,在区间\\left(0,\\frac{2}{a}\\right)上f'(x)<0,在区间\\left(\\frac{2}{a},\\mathrm{e}\\right] 上f'(x)>0,所以函数f(x)在区间\\left(0,\\frac{2}{a}\\right)上单调递减,在区间\\left(\\frac{2}{a},\\mathrm{e}\\right] 上单调递增,函数f(x)在区间(0,e]上的最小值为f\\left(\\frac{2}{a}\\right)=a+aln\\frac{2}{a}.$\n\n$④当\\frac{2}{a}\\geq e,即0\\frac{2}{\\mathrm{e}}时,函数f(x)在区间(0,e]上的最小值为a+aln\\frac{2}{a}.$\n\n""]" ['$a+aln\\frac{2}{a}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +1042 "$已知函数f(x)=e^{x}ln(1+x).$ +$求曲线 y=f(x) 在点(0, f(0))处的切线方程;$" "[""$由题易知 f' (x) = e^{x}ln(1+ x)+ \\frac{\\mathrm{e}^x}{1+x},$\n$\\therefore f' (0) = e^0 ln(1 + 0)+ \\frac{\\mathrm{e}^0}{1+0} = 1,$\n$又 f (0) = e^0 ln(1 + 0)= 0,$\n$\\therefore 曲线 y =f (x) 在点(0, f (0))处的切线方程为 y=x.$""]" ['$y=x$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1043 "$已知函数f(x) = x^2 - 2x + aln(x) (a>0).$ +$当a=2时,试求函数图象在点(1,f(1))处的切线方程;$" "[""$当a=2时,f(x)=x^2-2x+2lnx (x>0),$\n\n$所以f'(x)=2x-2+\\frac{2}{x}.$\n\n$所以f'(1)=2-2+\\frac{2}{1}=2,又f(1)=1^2-2=-1,所以函数图象在点(1,f(1))处的切线方程为y-(-1)=2(x-1),即2x-y-3=0.$""]" ['$2x-y-3=0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1044 "$已知a>0,函数f(x)=ax-xe^{x}。$ +$求曲线 y=f(x) 在点(0, f(0) )处的切线方程;$" "[""$: 由题意得 f'(x) = a-(x+1)e^x,\\therefore f'(0) = a-1,又 f(0) = 0,\\therefore 切线方程为 y = (a-1)x.$""]" ['$y = (a-1)x$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1045 "$已知函数f(x)=-2x^2+\frac{1+\ln x}{x}, g(x)=e^{2x}-2x^2-a.$ +$求曲线f(x)在(1,f(1))处的切线方程;$" "[""$因为f '(x)=-4x+\\frac{1-1-\\ln{x}}{x^2}=-4x+\\frac{-\\ln{x}}{x^2},$\n$所以f'(1)=-4,$\n$又f(1)=-1,所以所求切线方程为y=-4x+3.$""]" ['$y=-4x+3$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1046 "$已知椭圆C的两个焦点为(-1,0),(1,0),点A(1,\frac{3}{2})在C上,直线l交C于P,Q两点,直线AP,AQ的斜率之和为0.$ +求椭圆C的方程;" ['$由题意知c=1,且焦点在x轴上,故可设椭圆方程为 \\frac{x^2}{1+b^2} + \\frac{y^2}{b^2} =1(b>0),由A\\left(1,\\frac{3}{2}\\right)在C上可得 \\frac{1}{1+b^2} + \\frac{9}{4b^2} =1,解得b^2=3或b^2=-\\frac{3}{4}(舍去),故椭圆C的方程为 \\frac{x^2}{4} + \\frac{y^2}{3} =1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4} + \\frac{y^2}{3} =1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1047 "$已知椭圆 \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (a>b>0)的一个顶点为 A (0,-3),右焦点为 F,且 |OA| = |OF|,其中 O 为原点.$ +求椭圆的方程;" ['$由已知可得b=3.记半焦距为c,由|OF|=|OA|可得c=b=3.又由a^2=b^2+c^2,可得a^2=18.所以椭圆的方程为$\n\n$\\frac{x^2}{18} + \\frac{y^2}{9} = 1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{18} + \\frac{y^2}{9} = 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1048 "$已知椭圆 \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (a>b>0)的一个顶点为 A (0,-3),右焦点为 F,且 |OA| = |OF|,其中 O 为原点.$ +$已知点C满足3\overrightarrow{OC}=\overrightarrow{OF},点B在椭圆上(B异于椭圆的顶点),直线AB与以C为圆心的圆相切于点P,且P为线段AB的中点.求直线AB的方程.$" ['因为直线AB与以C为圆心的圆相切于点P,所以AB\\perp CP.依题意知,直线AB和直线CP的斜率均存在.设直线AB的方程为y=kx-3.由方程组\n\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}y=kx-3,\\\\ \\frac{x^2}{18}+\\frac{y^2}{9}=1,\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n\n$消去y,可得(2k^2+1)x^2-12kx=0,解得x=0或x=\\frac{12k}{2k^2+1}.依题意,可得点B的坐标为$\n\n$\\left(\\frac{12k}{2k^2+1},\\frac{6k^2-3}{2k^2+1}\\right).因为P为线段AB的中点,点A的坐标为(0,-3),所以点P的坐标为$\n\n$\\left(\\frac{6k}{2k^2+1},\\frac{-3}{2k^2+1}\\right).由3\\overrightarrow{OC}=\\overrightarrow{OF},得点C的坐标为(1,0),故直线CP的斜率为$\n\n$\\frac{\\frac{-3}{2k^2+1}-0}{\\frac{6k}{2k^2+1}-1},即\\frac{3}{2k^2-6k+1}.又因为AB\\perp CP,所以k\\cdot \\frac{3}{2k^2-6k+1}=-1,整理得2k^2-3k+1=0,解得k=\\frac{1}{2}或k=1.所以直线AB的方程为y=\\frac{1}{2}x-3或y=x-3.$'] ['$y=\\frac{1}{2}x-3, y=x-3$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1049 "$已知椭圆G:\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)的离心率为\frac{\sqrt{6}}{3},且过点(3,1).$ +$求椭圆G的方程;$" ['由题意,知\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}e=\\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{\\sqrt{6}}{3},\\\\ \\frac{9}{a^2}+\\frac{1}{b^2}=1,\\\\ a^2=b^2+c^2,\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n解得\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}a^2=12,\\\\ b^2=4,\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n故椭圆G的方程为\n$\\frac{x^2}{12} + \\frac{y^2}{4} = 1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{12} + \\frac{y^2}{4} = 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1050 "$已知双曲线C与双曲线 x^2 / 12 - y^2/3 = 1 有相同的渐近线,且过点 A (2\sqrt 2, -1)。$ +求双曲线C的标准方程;" ['$因为双曲线C与双曲线 \\frac{x^2}{12}-\\frac{y^2}{3} =1有相同的渐近线,所以设双曲线 C 的方程为 x^2 -4 y^2 = \\lambda ( \\lambda \\neq 0).$\n\n$因为双曲线C过点A (2 \\sqrt{2},-1),所以(2 \\sqrt{2})^2 - 4\\times (-1) ^2 = \\lambda ,解得 \\lambda =4,$\n\n$所以双曲线 C 的标准方程为 \\frac{x^2}{4} -y ^2 =1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4}-y^2=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1051 "$已知抛物线C:y^2=3x的焦点为F,斜率为\frac{3}{2}的直线l与C的交点为A,B,与x轴的交点为P.$ +$若|AF|+|BF|=4,求l的方程;$" ['$设直线 l: y = \\frac{3}{2}x + t, A(x_1, y_1), B(x_2, y_2).$\n\n$由题设得 F\\left(\\frac{3}{4},0\\right),故 |AF| + |BF| = x_1 + x_2 + \\frac{3}{2},$\n\n$由题设可得 x_1 + x_2 = \\frac{5}{2}.$\n\n$由 \\left\\{\\begin{matrix}y=\\frac{3}{2}x+t,\\\\ y^2=3x\\end{matrix}\\right. 可得 9x^2 + 12(t-1)x + 4t^2 =0,$\n\n$则 x_1 + x_2 = -\\frac{12(t-1)}{9}.$\n\n$从而 -\\frac{12(t-1)}{9} = \\frac{5}{2},得 t = -\\frac{7}{8}.$\n\n$所以 l 的方程为 y = \\frac{3}{2}x - \\frac{7}{8}.$'] ['$y = \\frac{3}{2}x - \\frac{7}{8}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1052 "$设O为坐标原点,动点M在椭圆C:\frac{x^2}{2}+y^2=1上,过M作x轴的垂线,垂足为N,点P满足\overrightarrow{NP}=\sqrt{2} \overrightarrow{NM}.$ +求点P的轨迹方程;" ['$设P(x,y), M(x_0,y_0), 则 N(x_0,0), \\overrightarrow{NP}=(x-x_0,y), \\overrightarrow{NM}=(0,y_0). 由 \\overrightarrow{NP}=\\sqrt{2}\\overrightarrow{NM}得x_0=x,y_0=\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}y.$\n\n$因为 M(x_0,y_0) 在 C 上,所以 \\frac{x^2}{2}+\\frac{y^2}{2}=1.$\n\n$因此点 P 的轨迹方程为 x^2+y^2=2.$'] ['$x^2+y^2=2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1053 "$平面直角坐标系内有一定点F(-1,0),定直线l:x=-5,设动点P到定直线的距离为d,且满足\frac{|PF|}{d}=\frac{\sqrt{5}}{5}。$ +$求动点P的轨迹方程;$" ['$设动点P的坐标为(x,y),因为 \\frac{|PF|}{d} = \\frac{\\sqrt{5}}{5},$\n$所以 \\frac{\\sqrt{(x+1)^2+y^2}}{|x+5|} = \\frac{\\sqrt{5}}{5},即5[(x+1)^2+y^2]=|x+5|^2,整理得 \\frac{x^2}{5}+ \\frac{y^2}{4} =1.所以动点P的轨迹方程为 \\frac{x^2}{5}+ \\frac{y^2}{4} =1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{5} + \\frac{y^2}{4} = 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1054 "$已知B(-1,0),C(1,0)为\triangle ABC的两个顶点,P为\triangle ABC的重心,边AC,AB上的两条中线长度之和为6.$ +$已知点N(-3,0),E(-2,0),F(2,0),直线PN与T的另一个公共点为Q,直线EP与FQ交于点M,试问:当点P变化时,点M是否恒在一条定直线上?若是,请证明;若不是,请说明理由.$" ['设直线PQ的方程为x=my-3,P(x1,y1),Q(x2,y2),\n\n联立\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x=my-3,\\\\ \\frac{x^2}{4}+\\frac{y^2}{3}=1,\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n\n消x得(3m^2+4)y^2-18my+15=0,\n\n$则y1+y2=\\frac{18m}{3m^2+4}, y1y2=\\frac{15}{3m^2+4},$\n\n$所以2my1y2=\\frac{5}{3}(y1+y2),$\n\n$又直线PE的方程为y=\\frac{y_1}{x_{1}+2}(x+2)=\\frac{y_1}{my_{1}-1}(x+2),$\n\n$直线QF的方程为y=\\frac{y_2}{x_{2}-2}(x-2)=\\frac{y_2}{my_{2}-5}(x-2),$\n\n联立\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}y=\\frac{y_1}{my_{1}-1}(x+2),\\\\ y=\\frac{y_2}{my_{2}-5}(x-2),\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n\n$解得x=\\frac{2(2my_1y_2-y_2-5y_1)}{-y_2+5y_1},$\n\n$把2my1y2=\\frac{5}{3}(y1+y2)代入上式得x=\\frac{2\\left(\\frac{2}{3}y_2-\\frac{10}{3}y_1\\right)}{-y_2+5y_1}=\\frac{\\frac{4}{3}(y_2-5y_1)}{-y_2+5y_1}=-\\frac{4}{3},$\n\n$所以当点P运动时,点M恒在定直线x=-\\frac{4}{3}上.$'] ['$x=-\\frac{4}{3}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1055 "$设双曲线C: \frac{x^2}{a^2}-\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>0,b>0)的左,右焦点分别是F1,F2,渐近线分别为l1,l2,过F2作渐近线的垂线,垂足为P,且\triangle OPF1的面积为\frac{b^2}{4}.$ +$动直线l分别交直线l_1, l_2于A,B两点(A,B分别在第一、四象限),且\triangle OAB的面积恒为8,是否存在总与直线l有且只有一个公共点的双曲线C?若存在,求出双曲线C的方程;若不存在,说明理由.$" ['$由(1)及题意得渐近线l_1\\: y=2x, l_2\\: y=-2x,设双曲线的方程为$\n\n$\\frac{x^2}{a^2} - \\frac{y^2}{4a^2} = 1,$\n\n$依题意得直线l的斜率不为零,因此设直线l的方程为x=my + t,-\\frac{1}{2} < m < \\frac{1}{2}, t > 0。$\n\n$设直线l交x轴于点D(t, 0), A(x_1, y_1) (x_1 > 0, y_1 > 0), B(x_2, y_2) (x_2 > 0, y_2 < 0),$\n\n联立\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x=my+t,\\\\ y=2x,\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n\n$得y_1=\\frac{2t}{1-2m}, 同理得y_2=\\frac{-2t}{1+2m}.$\n\n$则S_{\\triangle OAB}= \\frac{1}{2} |OD| \\cdot |y_1-y_2| = 8, 得\\frac{1}{2} t \\left|\\frac{2t}{1-2m}+\\frac{2t}{1+2m}\\right| = 8, 即t^2=4|1-4m^2|=4(1-4m^2) > 0, ①$\n\n联立\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x=my+t,\\\\ \\frac{x^2}{a^2}-\\frac{y^2}{4a^2}=1,\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n\n$得 (4m^2-1)y^2+8mty+4(t^2-a^2)=0,$\n\n$若直线l与双曲线C只有一个公共点,则\\Delta =0,即\\Delta =64m^2t^2-16(4m^2-1)(t^2-a^2)=0, 化简得t^2 + a^2(4m^2 - 1)=0,将①式代入可得a^2=4, 所以双曲线的方程为$\n\n$\\frac{x^2}{4} - \\frac{y^2}{16} = 1,$\n\n$因此,存在总与直线l有且只有一个公共点的双曲线C,双曲线C的方程为$\n\n$\\frac{x^2}{4} - \\frac{y^2}{16} = 1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4} - \\frac{y^2}{16} = 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1056 "$已知椭圆 C:\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)的离心率为\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2},长轴端点和短轴端点的距离为\sqrt{5}。$ +求椭圆C的方程;" ['依题意得\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\n\\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2},\\\\\n\\sqrt{a^2+b^2}=\\sqrt{5},\\\\\na^2=b^2+c^2,\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n\n解得\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\na^2=4,\\\\\nb^2=1,\\\\\nc^2=3,\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n\n\\therefore 椭圆C的方程为\n\n$\\frac{x^2}{4} + y^2=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4} + y^2 = 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1057 "$已知F_1(-c, 0),F_2(c, 0)分别为椭圆C:\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)的左,右焦点,P(c, \frac{3c}{2})是椭圆C上一点,且\overrightarrow{PF_1}\cdot \overrightarrow{PF_2}=\frac{9}{4}。$ +$求椭圆C的方程;$" ['$因为\\overrightarrow{PF_1}\\cdot \\overrightarrow{PF_2}=\\left(-2c,-\\frac{3}{2}c\\right)\\cdot \\left(0,-\\frac{3}{2}c\\right)=\\frac{9}{4}c^2=\\frac{9}{4},又c>0,所以c=1,P\\left(1,\\frac{3}{2}\\right),又点P在椭圆上,所以\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}\\frac{1}{a^2}+\\frac{9}{4b^2}=1,\\\\ a^2=b^2+1,\\end{matrix}\\right.解得\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}a^2=4,\\\\ b^2=3.\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n\n$所以椭圆C的方程为\\frac{x^2}{4}+\\frac{y^2}{3}=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4}+\\frac{y^2}{3}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1058 "$已知椭圆E:x^2/a^2 + y^2/b^2 =1 (a>b>0)的离心率e=\sqrt{2}/2,四个顶点组成的菱形的面积为8\sqrt{2},O为坐标原点.$ +$求椭圆E的方程;$" ['$: 由题意得2ab=8\\sqrt{2},e=\\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2},a^{2}=b^{2}+c^{2},解得a=2\\sqrt{2},b=2,所以椭圆E的方程为\\frac{x^{2}}{8}+\\frac{y^{2}}{4}=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^{2}}{8}+\\frac{y^{2}}{4}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1059 "$已知两点M(0,-4),N(0,4),动点P在x轴的投影为Q,且 \overrightarrow{PM}\cdot \overrightarrow{PN}=3\overrightarrow{PQ}^2,记动点P的轨迹为曲线C。$ +求C的方程;" ['$设P(x,y),则Q(x,0),\\overrightarrow{PM}=(-x,-4-y),\\overrightarrow{PN}=(-x,4-y),\\overrightarrow{PQ}=(0,-y).因为\\overrightarrow{PM}.\\overrightarrow{PN}=3\\overrightarrow{PQ}^2,所以x^2+y^2-16=3y^2,故C的方程为\\frac{x^2}{16}-\\frac{y^2}{8}=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{16}-\\frac{y^2}{8}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1060 "$已知椭圆E的中心为坐标原点,对称轴为x轴、y轴,且过A(0,-2),B \left(\frac{3}{2},-1\right)两点.$ +求E的方程;" ['$解法一:设椭圆E的方程为\\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>0,b>0且a\\neq b),将A(0,-2),B\\left(\\frac{3}{2},-1\\right)两点的坐标代入,得\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}\\frac{4}{b^2}=1,\\\\ \\frac{9}{4a^2}+\\frac{1}{b^2}=1,\\end{matrix}\\right.解得\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}a^2=3,\\\\ b^2=4,\\end{matrix}\\right.故椭圆E的方程为\\frac{x^2}{3}+\\frac{y^2}{4}=1.$\n\n$解法二:设椭圆E的方程为mx^2+ny^2=1(m>0,n>0且m\\neq n).由题意可得\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}4n=1,\\\\ \\frac{9m}{4}+n=1,\\end{matrix}\\right.解得\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}n=\\frac{1}{4},\\\\ m=\\frac{1}{3},\\end{matrix}\\right.故椭圆E的方程为\\frac{x^2}{3}+\\frac{y^2}{4}=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{3}+\\frac{y^2}{4}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1061 "$已知抛物线C:x^2=2py (p>0)在点M(1, y_0)处的切线斜率为 \frac{1}{2}。$ +求抛物线C的方程;" ['$由题意知点M ( \\left(1, \\frac{1}{2p} \\right) ),则切线方程为 y - \\frac{1}{2p} = \\frac{1}{2} (x -1),由 $\n\n$ \\left\\{ \\begin{matrix} 2py-1=p(x-1),\\\\ x^2=2py\\end{matrix} \\right. $\n\n消去 y 并整理得 x^2 - px + p -1=0,依题意,有 \\Delta = p^2 -4(p -1)=0,解得 p=2,所以抛物线 C 的方程是 x^2=4y.'] ['$x^2=4y$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1062 "$已知椭圆E:\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)的一个顶点为A(0,-2),以椭圆E的四个顶点为顶点的四边形面积为4\sqrt{5}。$ +$求椭圆E的方程;$" ['$将A(0,-2)代入椭圆E的方程得b=2,由椭圆E的四个顶点围成的四边形面积为2ab=4\\sqrt{5},解得a=\\sqrt{5},所以椭圆E的方程为\\frac{x^2}{5}+\\frac{y^2}{4}=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{5}+\\frac{y^2}{4}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1063 "$已知椭圆 {x^2}/{a^2}+{y^2}/{b^2}=1 (a>b>0)的一个顶点为 A(0,-3),右焦点为 F ,且 |OA|=|OF|,其中 O 为原点.$ +求椭圆的方程;" ['$由已知可得b=3.记半焦距为c,由|OF|=|OA|可得c=b=3.又a^2=b^2+c^2,所以a^2=18.所以椭圆的方程为\\frac{x^2}{18}+\\frac{y^2}{9}=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{18}+\\frac{y^2}{9}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1064 "$已知椭圆 x^2/a^2+ y^2/b^2=1 (a>b>0)的右焦点为 F,上顶点为 B,离心率为 2\sqrt{5}/5,且 |BF|=\sqrt{5}.$ +$直线l与椭圆有唯一的公共点M,与y轴的正半轴交于点N.过N与BF垂直的直线交x轴于点P.若MP\parallel BF,求直线l的方程.$" ['$显然直线l的斜率存在,设直线l的方程为y=kx+m((m>0),$\n联立:\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}y=kx+m,\\\\ \\frac{x^2}{5}+y^2=1,\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n$消去y可得(1+5k^{2})x^{2}+10kmx+5m^{2}-5=0,$\n$依题意知\\Delta =0,化简后得m^{2}=1+5k^{2}①,$\n$此时x_{M}=-\\frac{10km}{2(1+5k^{2})}=-\\frac{5k}{m},则y_{M}=m-\\frac{5k^{2}}{m},即M\\left(-\\frac{5k}{m},m-\\frac{5k^{2}}{m}\\right),易知N(0,m),因为k_{BF}=-\\frac{b}{c}=-\\frac{1}{2},PN \\perp BF,所以k_{PN}\\cdot k_{BF}=-1,即k_{PN}=2,可得直线PN的方程为y=2x+m,$\n$在直线PN的方程中,令y=0,可得x=-\\frac{m}{2},即点P\\left(-\\frac{m}{2},0\\right),$\n$因为MP \\parallel BF,所以k_{MP}=k_{BF},即\\frac{m-\\frac{5k^{2}}{m}}{-\\frac{5k}{m}+\\frac{m}{2}}=-\\frac{1}{2}, 结合①,整理可得k^{2}-2k+1=0,解得k=1,则m^{2}=6,又m>0,所以m=\\sqrt{6}.$\n\n$所以直线l的方程为x-y+\\sqrt{6}=0.$'] ['$x-y+\\sqrt{6}=0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1065 "$已知直线l经过两条直线2x-y-3=0和4x-3y-5=0的交点,且与直线x+y-2=0垂直.$ +$求直线l的一般式方程;$" ['由题意知:\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}2x-y-3=0,\\\\ 4x-3y-5=0,\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n\n解得:\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x=2,\\\\ y=1,\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n\n因此,直线2x-y-3=0和4x-3y-5=0的交点为(2,1)。\n\n设直线l的斜率为k,\n\n若l与直线x+y-2=0垂直,\n\n则k=1,\n\n因此,直线l的方程为y-1=x-2,\n将其化为一般式方程为x-y-1=0.'] ['$x-y-1=0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1066 "$已知直线l经过两条直线2x-y-3=0和4x-3y-5=0的交点,且与直线x+y-2=0垂直.$ +$若圆 C 的圆心为点(3,0),直线 l 被该圆所截得的弦长为 2\sqrt{2},求圆 C 的标准方程.$" ['$设圆 C 的半径为 r ,则圆心 C(3,0) 到直线 l: x-y-1=0 的距离 d=\\frac{|3-0-1|}{\\sqrt{1^2+(-1)^2}}=\\sqrt{2}, ���垂径定理得 r^2=(\\sqrt{2})^2+\\left(\\frac{2\\sqrt{2}}{2}\\right)^2=4 ,解得 r=2 (负值舍去),$\n\n$\\therefore 圆 C 的标准方程为 (x-3)^2+y^2=4.$'] ['$(x-3)^2+y^2=4$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1067 "$已知点P(1,1)在椭圆C: \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} =1 (a>b>0)上,椭圆C的左、右焦点分别为F_1,F_2,\triangle PF_1F_2的面积为 \frac{\sqrt{6}}{2}$ +$求椭圆C的方程;$" ['$由题知 \\frac{1}{a^2}+\\frac{1}{b^2}=1,\\frac{1}{2}|F_1F_2|=c=\\frac{\\sqrt{6}}{2},$\n\n$所以a^2-b^2=c^2=\\frac{3}{2},所以a^2=3,b^2=\\frac{3}{2},$\n\n$所以椭圆C的方程为 \\frac{x^2}{3}+\\frac{2y^2}{3}=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{3}+\\frac{2y^2}{3}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1068 "$已知椭圆C:\frac{y^2}{a^2}+\frac{x^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)的离心率为\frac{\sqrt{6}}{3},且经过点P(1,\sqrt{3})。$ +求椭圆C的方程;" ['由题意得\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}e=\\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{\\sqrt{6}}{3},\\\\ \\frac{3}{a^2}+\\frac{1}{b^2}=1,\\\\ a^2=b^2+c^2,\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n\n$解得 a=\\sqrt{6},b=\\sqrt{2},\\therefore 椭圆 C的方程为$\n\n$$\n\\frac{y^2}{6} + \\frac{x^2}{2} = 1.\n$$'] ['$\\frac{y^2}{6} + \\frac{x^2}{2} = 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1069 "$已知椭圆的中心在坐标原点O,长轴长为2\sqrt{2},离心率e=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2},过右焦点F的直线l交椭圆于P,Q两点.$ +求椭圆的方程;" ['$设椭圆方程为\\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0).$\n\n$\\because 长轴长为2\\sqrt{2},离心率e=\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2},$\n\n$\\therefore b=c=1,a=\\sqrt{2}$\n\n$\\therefore 椭圆方程为\\frac{x^2}{2}+y^2=1.$'] ['${\\frac{x^2}{2}}+y^2=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1070 "$已知椭圆的中心在坐标原点O,长轴长为2\sqrt{2},离心率e=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2},过右焦点F的直线l交椭圆于P,Q两点.$ +若以OP,OQ为邻边的平行四边形是矩形,求满足该条件的直线l的方程." ['$当直线l与x轴垂直时,直线l的方程为x=1,此时\\angle POQ小于90^\\circ ,\\therefore 以OP,OQ为邻边的平行四边形不可能是矩形.$\n\n$当直线l与x轴不垂直时,设直线l的方程为y=k(x-1),P(x_1,y_1),Q(x_2,y_2).$\n由:\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x^2+2y^2=2,\\\\ y=k(x-1),\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n$可得(1+2k^2)x^2-4k^2x+2k^2-2=0.$\n$\\therefore x_1+x_2=\\frac{4k^2}{1+2k^2},x_1x_2=\\frac{2k^2-2}{1+2k^2}$\n$\\because y_1=k(x_1-1),y_2=k(x_2-1),$\n$\\therefore y_1y_2=\\frac{-k^2}{1+2k^2}$\n$\\because 以OP,OQ为邻边的平行四边形是矩形,\\therefore \\overrightarrow{OP}\\cdot \\overrightarrow{OQ}=0.$\n$由\\overrightarrow{OP}\\cdot \\overrightarrow{OQ}=x_1x_2+y_1y_2=\\frac{2k^2-2}{1+2k^2}+\\frac{-k^2}{1+2k^2}=0,得k^2=2,$\n$\\therefore k=\\pm \\sqrt{2}$\n$\\therefore 所求直线方程为y=\\pm \\sqrt{2}(x-1).$\n\n'] ['$y=\\sqrt{2}(x-1), y=-\\sqrt{2}(x-1)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Expression Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1071 "$已知双曲线C:\frac{x^2}{a^2} - \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (a>0, b>0) 经过点 A (2,0),且点 A 到 C 的渐近线的距离为 \frac{2\sqrt{21}}{7}$ +求双曲线C的方程;" ['$由题意得a=2.$\n$因为双曲线C的渐近线方程为y=\\pm \\frac{b}{2}x,$\n$所以有\\frac{2b}{\\sqrt{4+b^2}}=\\frac{2\\sqrt{21}}{7},解得b=\\sqrt{3},$\n$因此,双曲线C的方程为\\frac{x^2}{4}-\\frac{y^2}{3}=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4}-\\frac{y^2}{3}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1072 "$抛物线C的顶点为坐标原点O,焦点在x轴上,直线l:x=1交C于P,Q两点,且OP\perp OQ.已知点M(2,0),且\odot M与l相切.$ +$求C,\odot M的方程;$" ['$由题意可设抛物线 C 的方程为 y^2=2px(p>0),则P,Q 的坐标为(1,\\pm \\sqrt{2p}),$\n$\\because OP\\perp OQ,\\therefore \\overrightarrow{OP}.\\overrightarrow{OQ}=1-2p=0,$\n$\\therefore p=\\frac{1}{2},\\therefore 抛物线 C 的方程为 y^2=x.$\n$\\because \\odot M 的圆心为(2,0),\\odot M 与直线x=1相切,$\n$\\therefore \\odot M 的半径为1,$\n$\\therefore \\odot M 的方程为(x-2)^2+y^2=1.$'] ['$y^2=x,(x-2)^2 + y^2 = 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1073 "$已知函数f(x) = ln(x+1) + sinx.$ +$求曲线 y=f(x) 在点 (0, f(0)) 处的切线方程;$" "[""$f'(x)=\\frac{1}{x+1}+\\cos x,切线的斜率k=f'(0)=2$\n\n$因为切点坐标为(0,0),所以切线方程为y=2x,即2x-y=0。$""]" ['$2x-y=0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1074 "$已知函数f(x) = \tan x - kx^3 - x,k \in R.$ +$求曲线 y=f(x) 在点(0, f(0))处的切线方程;$" "[""$函数f(x)的定义域为 \\left\\{x\\left|\\right.x \\ne k\\pi +\\frac{\\pi }{2},k\\in \\boldsymbol{\\mathrm{Z}}\\right\\}. $\n$f' (x)=\\frac{1}{\\cos ^2x}-3kx^2-1,所以f' (0)=0.又f (0)=0, $\n$所以曲线y=f(x)在点(0, f (0))处的切线方程为y=0.$""]" ['$y=0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1075 "$已知函数f(x)=-x^{2}+ax+2\ln x (a \in \mathbb{R}).$ +$当a=1时,求f(x)在(1, f(1))处的切线方程;$" "[""$当a=1时, f(x)=-x^2+x+2lnx, f'(x)=-2x+\\frac{2}{x}+1,$\n$\\therefore f(1)=0, f'(1)=1,$\n$\\therefore 所求切线方程为x-y-1=0.$""]" ['$x-y-1=0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1076 "$已知函数f(x)=\ln(1+x)+axe^{-x}.$ +$当a=1时,求曲线y=f(x)在点(0, f(0))处的切线方程;$" "[""$当a=1时, f(x)=ln(1+x)+xe^{-x},其定义域为(-1,+\\infty ),f'(x)=\\frac{1}{x+1}+(1-x)e^{-x},$\n$又f(0)=0,f'(0)=2,$\n$所以曲线y=f(x)在点(0,f(0))处的切线方程为y=2x.$""]" ['$y=2x$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1077 "$已知函数f(x)=ax-\frac{1}{x}-(a+1)\ln x, a\in R.$ +$若a=-2,求曲线y=f(x)在点(1, f(1))处的切线方程。$" "[""$若a=-2,则f(x)=-2x-\\frac{1}{x}+ln\\ x, f(1)=-3.$\n\n$f'(x)=\\frac{-(2x+1)(x-1)}{x^2},所以 f'(1)=0,所以曲线y = f(x)在点(1,f(1))处的切线方程为y=-3.$\n\n疑难突破\n\n$当a=-2时,对f(x)求导,求出切线的斜率,利用点斜式求出切线方程.$""]" ['$y=-3$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1078 "$已知函数f(x)=x^3-x,g(x)=2x-3.$ +$求曲线y=f(x)在点(1, f(1))处的切线方程;$" "[""$由 f(x) = x^3-x,得 f'(x) = 3x^2 -1,所以 f'(1)=2,又 f(1)=0,所以曲线 y=f(x) 在点 (1, f(1)) 处的切线方程为 y-0=2(x-1),即 2x-y-2=0.$""]" ['$2x-y-2=0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1079 "$已知函数f(x)=\frac{x+2}{x^2+2x-3}.$ +$求曲线 y=f(x) 在点 (-2, f(-2)) 处的切线方程;$" "[""$因为f(x)=\\frac{x+2}{x^2+2x-3},{x|x\\neq 1且x\\neq -3},$\n$所以f ' (x)= \\frac{x^2+2x-3-(x+2)(2x+2)}{{(x^2+2x-3)}^2} = \\frac{-x^2-4x-7}{(x^2+2x-3)^2},$\n$所以f ' (-2) = - \\frac{1}{3},$\n$又f(-2) = 0,所以曲线y=f(x)在点(-2, f(-2))处的切线方程为x+3y+2=0.$\n\n疑难突破\n$求导函数f ' (x),得切线斜率f ' (-2),计算出函数值f(-2),由点斜式方程得切线方程。$""]" ['$x+3y+2=0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1080 "$设函数f(x)=x^3+ax^2+bx+c.$ +$求曲线 y = f(x) 在点 (0, f(0)) 处的切线方程。$" "[""$由f(x)=x^{3}+ax^{2}+bx+c,$\n$得f'(x)=3x^{2}+2ax+b.$\n$因为f(0)=c, f'(0)=b,所以曲线y=f(x)在点(0, f(0))处的切线方程为y=bx+c.$""]" ['$y=bx+c$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1081 "$已知函数f(x)=e^{x}-a\sin x.$ +$当a=2时,求曲线y=f(x)在点(0,f(0))处的切线方程;$" "[""$当a=2时,f(x)=e^{x}-2\\sin x,f'(x)=e^{x}-2\\cos x,所以f(0)=1,f'(0)=-1,所以曲线y=f(x)在点(0,f(0))处的切线方程是y=-x+1.$""]" ['$y=-x+1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1082 "$已知函数f(x)=x+\frac{2a^2}{x}+aln x(a\in R).$ +$当a=1时,求曲线y=f(x)在点(1, f(1))处的切线方程;$" "[""$函数f(x)的定义域为(0,+\\infty ).$\n\n$当a=1时,f(x)=x+\\frac{2}{x}+ln x,f'(x)=1-\\frac{2}{x^2}+\\frac{1}{x}.$\n\n$所以f(1)=3,f'(1)=0.$\n\n$所以曲线y=f(x)在点(1,f(1))处的切线方程为y=3.$""]" ['$y=3$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1083 "$已知函数f(x)=xln(2x+1)-ax^2.$ +$求曲线 y=f(x) 在点 (0, f(0)) 处的切线方程。$" "[""$f'(x)=\\ln(2x+1)+\\frac{2x}{2x+1}-2ax,则f'(0)=0,又f(0)=0,所以曲线y=f(x)在点(0,f(0))处的切线方程是y=0.$""]" ['$y=0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1084 "$设函数f(x)=x^2+m\ln(x+1)(m \in R)$ +$若m=-1, 求曲线y=f(x)在点(0,f(0))处的切线方程;$" "[""$因为m = -1,所以f(x) = x^2 - \\ln(x+1).$\n\n$f'(x) = 2x - \\frac{1}{x+1},f'(0) = -1.$\n\n$又f(0) = 0,所以曲线y = f(x)在点(0, f(0))处的切线方程为y = -x.$""]" ['$y = -x$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1085 "$已知函数f(x)=e^{x}(ax^{2}-x+1).$ +$求曲线y=f(x)在点(0, f(0))处的切线的方程;$" "[""$由题意得,f'(x)=e^x(ax^2-x+1+2ax-1)=e^x(ax^2+2ax-x) ,f'(0)=0 ,f(0)=1,$\n$故曲线y=f(x)在点(0, f(0))处的切线的方程为y=1.$""]" ['$y=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1086 "$已知函数f(x)=ln\frac{1-x}{2}+\frac{a}{x}.$ +$当a=0时,求曲线y=f(x)在(-1,f(-1))处的切线方程;$" "[""$当a=0时,f(x)=ln\\frac{1-x}{2},f'(x)=\\frac{1}{x-1}.$\n$所以f(-1)=0,f'(-1)=-\\frac{1}{2}.$\n$所以曲线y=f(x)在点(-1,f(-1))处的切线方程为y-0=-\\frac{1}{2}(x+1),即y=-\\frac{1}{2}x-\\frac{1}{2}.$""]" ['$y=-\\frac{1}{2}x-\\frac{1}{2}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1087 "$已知函数f(x)=e^x\cos x-x.$ +求曲线$y=f(x)在点(0, f(0))$处的切线方程;" "[""$因为f(x)=e^x\\cos x-x,$\n$所以f'(x)=e^x(\\cos x-\\sin x)-1, f'(0)=0.$\n$又因为f(0)=1,所以曲线y=f(x)在点(0, f(0))处的切线方程为y=1.$""]" ['$y=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1088 "$已知函数f(x)=x^{2}+\cos x.$ +$求曲线 y=f(x) 在点 (0, f(0)) 处的切线方程;$" "[""$因为 f' (x)=2x-\\sin x,所以 f'(0)=0,$\n$又 f(0)=1,所以曲线 y=f(x) 在(0, f(0))处的切线方程为 y=1,即 y=1.$""]" ['$y=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1089 "$已知函数f(x)=(\sqrt{x}+a)e^{x}(a\in R).$ +$当a=0时,求曲线y=f(x)在点(1, f(1))处的切线方程;$" "[""$易知f(x)的定义域为[0,+\\infty ),$\n$当a=0时, f(x)=\\sqrt{x}e^{x}, f'(x)=\\frac{\\mathrm{e}^x}{2\\sqrt{x}}+\\sqrt{x}e^{x}(x>0),$\n$所以f'(1)=\\frac{3\\mathrm{e}}{2}, f(1)=e,$\n$因此所求切线方程为y-e=\\frac{3\\mathrm{e}}{2}(x-1),即3ex-2y-e=0.$""]" ['$3ex-2y-e=0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1090 "$已知函数f(x)=e^{x},g(x)=\ln(x+a)(a \in \mathbb{R}).$ +$求曲线 y=f(x) 在点(1, f(1)) 处的切线方程;$" "[""$因为f(x)=e^x, f'(x)=e^x,所以f(1)=e,f'(1)=e,故曲线y=f(x)在点(1, f(1))处的切线方程为y-e=e(x-1),即ex-y=0.$""]" ['$ex-y=0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1091 "$已知f(x)=\frac{1}{2}x^{2}-\ln(x+1)+ax(a\in R).$ +$当a=2时,求曲线y=f(x)在(0,0)处的切线方程;$" "[""$当a=2时, f'(x)=x-\\frac{1}{x+1}+2,\\therefore f'(0)=1,则曲线y=f(x)在(0,0)处的切线方程为y=x.$""]" ['$y=x$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1092 "$已知函数f(x)=\ln x - e^{x}。$ +$求曲线 y=f(x) 在点 (1, f(1)) 处的切线方程;$" "[""$因为 f'(x)=\\frac{1}{x}-e^{x},所以 f'(1)=1-e,$\n$又 f(1)=-e,$\n$所以曲线 y=f(x) 在点(1, f(1))处的切线方程为 y+e=(1-e)(x-1),即 y=(1-e)x-1.$""]" ['$y=(1-e)x-1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1093 "$已知函数f(x)=e^x-1-msin x(m\in R).$ +$当m=1时,求曲线y=f(x)在点(0,f(0))处的切线方程;$" "[""$当m=1时, f(x)=e^{x}-1-\\sin{x},则f'(x)=e^{x}-\\cos{x}。$\n\n$因为f'(0)=e^{0}-\\cos{0}=0, f(0)=e^{0}-1-\\sin{0}=0,所以所求切线方程为y=0。$""]" ['$y=0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1094 "$已知函数f(x)=e^{ax}-x.$ +$当a=1时,求曲线y=f(x)在点(0,f(0))处的切线方程;$" "[""$当a=1时, f(x)=e^x-x, f' (x)=e^x-1,$\n$则f(0)=1, f' (0)=0,$\n$所以曲线y=f(x)在点(0, f(0))处的切线方程为y=1.$""]" ['$y=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1095 "$已知函数 f(x)=\ln x+2a\sqrt{x} (a\in R).$ +$当a=1时,求曲线y=f(x)在点(1, f(1))处的切线方程;$" "[""$当a=1时, f(x)=ln x+2\\sqrt{x},x>0,$\n$f' (x)=\\frac{1}{x}+\\frac{1}{\\sqrt{x}},则f' (1)=2, f(1)=2.$\n$所以曲线y=f(x)在点(1, f(1))处的切线方程为y-2=2(x-1),即2x-y=0.$""]" ['$2x-y=0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1096 "$已知函数f(x)=\ln x+\frac{a}{x},a\in R.$ +$当a=0时,求曲线y=f(x)在点(1, f(1))处的切线方程;$" "[""$当a=0时, f(x)=\\ln x, f(1)=\\ln 1=0.$\n\n$所以f' (x)=\\frac{1}{x}, f' (1)=1.所以曲线y=f(x)在点(1,f(1))处的切线方程为y=x-1.$""]" ['$y=x-1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1097 "已知函数$f(x)=\sqrt{x}lnx$. +$求曲线y=f(x)在点(1,f(1))处的切线方程;$" "[""$f'(x)=\\frac{\\mathrm{ln} x}{2\\sqrt{x}}+\\frac{\\sqrt{x}}{x}.$\n$因为 f(1)=0, f'(1)=1,所以曲线 y=f(x) 在点 (1, f(1)) 处的切线方程为 y-0=x-1,即 x-y-1=0.$""]" ['$x-y-1=0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1098 "$已知函数f(x)=\frac{ax}{e^x+a}-1,a\neq 0。$ +$当a=1时,求曲线y=f(x)在x=0处的切线方程;$" "[""$当a=1时, f(x)=\\frac{x}{e^x+1}-1,f'(x)=\\frac{e^x+1-xe^x}{(e^x+1)^2}.$\n\n$f'(0)=\\frac{1+1}{{(1+1)}^2}=\\frac{1}{2}, f(0)=-1.$\n$所以曲线y=f(x)在x=0处的切线方程为y=\\frac{1}{2}x-1.$""]" ['$y=\\frac{1}{2}x-1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1099 "$已知椭圆 C_1:\frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (a > b > 0) 的右焦点 F 与抛物线 C_2 的焦点重合,C_1 的中心与 C_2 的顶点重合. 过 F 且与 x 轴垂直的直线交 C_1 于 A ,B 两点,交 C_2 于 C ,D 两点,且 |CD| = \frac{4}{3} |AB|.$ +$设M是C_1与C_2的公共点.若|MF|=5,求C_1与C_2的标准方程.$" ['$由(1)知a=2c,b=\\sqrt{3}c,故C_{1}:\\frac{x^2}{4c^2} + \\frac{y^2}{3c^2}=1.$\n$设M (x_{0},y_{0}),则 \\frac{x^{2}_{0}}{4c^2} + \\frac{y^{2}_{0}}{3c^2}=1,y^{2}_{0}=4cx_{0},故 \\frac{x^{2}_{0}}{4c^2} +\\frac{4x_{0}}{3c}=1.\\text{①}$\n$由于C_{2}的准线为x=-c,所以|MF|=x_{0}+c,而|MF|=5,故x_{0}=5-c,代入①得\\frac{(5-c)^2}{4c^2} +\\frac{4(5-c)}{3c}=1,即c^{2}-2c-3=0,解得c=-1(舍去)或c=3.$\n$所以C_{1}的标准方程为\\frac{x^2}{36}+ \\frac{y^2}{27}=1,C_{2}的标准方程为y^{2}=12x.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{36}+ \\frac{y^2}{27}=1,y^{2}=12x。$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1100 "$已知点A(-2,0),B(2,0),动点M(x,y)满足直线AM与BM的斜率之积为-\frac{1}{2}.记M的轨迹为曲线C.$ +求C的方程,并说明C是什么曲线;" ['$由题设得 \\frac{y}{x+2} \\cdot \\frac{y}{x-2} =-\\frac{1}{2} ,化简得 \\frac{x^2}{4} + \\frac{y^2}{2} =1(|x|\\neq 2),所以C为中心在坐标原点,焦点在x轴上的椭圆,不含左、右顶点.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4} + \\frac{y^2}{2} =1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1101 "$已知椭圆C:\frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (a > b > 0)的一个顶点为(2,0),离心率为\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2},直线 y = x + m与椭圆C交于不同的两点 A,B。$ +求椭圆C的方程;" ['$由题意得\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}a=2,\\\\ \\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2},\\end{matrix}\\right.解得c=\\sqrt{3},\\therefore b=1,$\n$所以椭圆C的方程为\\frac{x^2}{4}+y^2=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4}+y^2=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1102 "$设椭圆 \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2}=1 ( a > b > 0 ) 的右顶点为 A ,上顶点为 B . 已知椭圆的离心率为 \frac{\sqrt{5}}{3} , |AB| = \sqrt{13}.$ +求椭圆的方程;" ['$设椭圆的焦距为2c,由已知有 c^2/a^2 = 5/9,又由 a^2 = b^2 + c^2 可得 2a = 3b.由 |AB| = \\sqrt{a^2 + b^2} = \\sqrt{13},从而 a = 3, b = 2. 所以椭圆的方程为 x^2/9 + y^2/4 = 1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{9} + \\frac{y^2}{4} = 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1103 "$已知椭圆C:\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)的一个焦点坐标为(1,0),且长轴长是短轴长的\sqrt{2}倍.$ +求椭圆C的方程;" ['$因为c=1, a=\\sqrt{2}, b,a^2-b^2=c^2,所以b^2=1, a^2=2.$\n$所以椭圆C的方程为\\frac{x^2}{2}+y^2=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{2}+y^2=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1104 "$在平面直角坐标系xOy中,已知点F_1(-\sqrt{17},0),F_2(\sqrt{17},0),点M满足|MF_1|-|MF_2|=2.记M的轨迹为C.$ +求C的方程;" ['$由题意知|F_1F_2|=2\\sqrt{17},因为|MF_1|-|MF_2|=2<|F_1F_2|=2\\sqrt{17},所以结合双曲线定义知,点M的轨迹C是以F_1、F_2为焦点的双曲线的右支. 设其方程为\\frac{x^2}{a^2} - \\frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1(a> 0,b> 0,x \\geq a),则2a = 2,2c = 2\\sqrt{17},解得a = 1,c = \\sqrt{17},则b^2 = c^2 - a^2 = (\\sqrt{17})^2 - 1^2 = 16,所以M的轨迹C的方程为x^2 - \\frac{y^2}{16} = 1(x \\geq 1).$'] ['$x^2 - \\frac{y^2}{16} = 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1105 "$已知抛物线C:x^{2}=-2py经过点(2,-1)。$ +求抛物线C的方程及其准线方程;" ['$由抛物线C:x^2=-2py 经过点(2,-1),得p=2.所以抛物线C的方程为x^2=-4y,其准线方程为y=1.$'] ['$x^2=-4y,y=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1106 "$已知抛物线G:y^2=2px,其中p>0.点M(2,0)在G的焦点F的右侧,且点M到G的准线的距离是点M与点F距离的3倍.经过点M的直线与抛物线G交于不同的两点A,B,直线OA与直线x=-2交于点P,经过点B且与直线OA垂直的直线l交x轴于点Q.$ +$求抛物线的方程;$" ['$抛物线y^2=2p(p>0)的准线方程为x=-\\frac{p}{2},焦点坐标为F (\\frac{p}{2},0),所以有2+\\frac{p}{2}=3(2-\\frac{p}{2}),解得p=2, 所以抛物线方程为y^2=4x,焦点F的坐标为(1,0).$'] ['$y^2=4x$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1107 "已知抛物线$C: y^2=2pxi(p>0)的焦点F到准线的距离为2$. +求C的方程;" ['$因为抛物线 y^2 = 2px (p > 0) 的焦点 F 到准线的距离为2,所以 p = 2. 因此,抛物线 C 的方程为 y^2 = 4x.$'] ['$y^2 = 4x$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1108 "$已知椭圆C: x^2 / a^2 + y^2 / b^2 = 1 (a> b > 0)经过点P (1, \sqrt{2} / 2),离心率 e = \sqrt{2}/2.$ +求椭圆C的标准方程;" ['$由点P\\left(1,\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}\\right)在椭圆上得\\frac{1}{a^2}+\\frac{1}{2b^2}=1①,又e=\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2},所以\\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}②.由①②结合a^2=b^2+c^2,得c^2=1,a^2=2,b^2=1,故椭圆C的标准方程为x^2/2+y^2=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{2}+y^2=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1109 "$已知椭圆 C: \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (a > b > 0) 的离心率为 \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2} ,且过点 A (2,1)。$ +求C的方程;" ['$由题设得,\\frac{4}{a^2} + \\frac{1}{b^2} =1,\\frac{a^2-b^2}{a^2} = \\frac{1}{2} ,解得 a^{2}=6,b^{2}=3. 所以 C 的方程为 \\frac{x^2}{6} + \\frac{y^2}{3} =1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{6} + \\frac{y^2}{3} =1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1110 "$已知椭圆C:\frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} =1 (a>b>0)的离心率为\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2},且椭圆 C 经过点(1,\frac{\sqrt{6}}{2}).$ +求椭圆C的方程;" ['由\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}\\frac{\\sqrt{a^2-b^2}}{a}=\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2},\\\\ \\frac{1}{a^2}+\\frac{6}{4b^2}=1,\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n解得\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}a=2,\\\\ b=\\sqrt{2},\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n$\\therefore 椭圆C的方程为$\n$$\n\\frac{x^2}{4}+\\frac{y^2}{2}=1.\n$$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4}+\\frac{y^2}{2}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1111 "$已知椭圆C: \frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1 (a>b>0)的长轴的两个端点分别为A(-2,0),B(2,0),离心率为\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}.$ +求椭圆C的标准方程;" ['$由已知得a=2,又e=\\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2},所以c=\\sqrt{3},所以b=\\sqrt{a^2-c^2}=1,$\n\n$故椭圆C的标准方程为\\frac{x^2}{4}+y^2=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4}+y^2=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1112 "$已知椭圆iC:\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)的离心率为\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2},右焦点为F,点B(0,1)在椭圆iC上.$ +求椭圆C的方程;" ['$因为点B(0,1)在椭圆C:\\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1上,$\n$所以\\frac{1}{b^2}=1,即b=1.$\n$又因为椭圆C的离心率为\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2},所以\\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2},$\n$又a^2=b^2+c^2,所以a=\\sqrt{2}.$\n$所以椭圆C的方程为\\frac{x^2}{2}+y^2=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{2} + y^2 = 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1113 "$椭圆C: \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} =1 (a>b>0) 的左、右焦点分别为 F_1、F_2, E 是椭圆 C 上一点,且 |F_1F_2| =2, |EF_1|+|EF_2|=4.$ +求椭圆C的方程;" ['由题意知\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\n2c=2,\\\\ \n2a=4,\\\\ \na^2=b^2+c^2.\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n解得\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\na=2,\\\\ \nb=\\sqrt{3}.\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n所以椭圆C的方程为\n$\\frac{x^2}{4}+\\frac{y^2}{3}=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4}+\\frac{y^2}{3}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1114 "$已知椭圆 C : \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 过点 A (-2,-1),且 a = 2b.$ +求椭圆C的方程;" ['由已知条件可列方程组\n\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}a=2b,\\\\ \\frac{(-2)^2}{a^2}+\\frac{(-1)^2}{b^2}=1,\\end{matrix}\\right. $\n\n解得\n\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}a=2\\sqrt{2},\\\\ b=\\sqrt{2},\\end{matrix}\\right. $\n\n$故椭圆 C 的标准方程为$\n\n$\\frac{x^2}{8} + \\frac{y^2}{2} = 1$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{8} + \\frac{y^2}{2} = 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1115 "$已知椭圆C:\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)的离心率为\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2},长轴的一个端点为A,短轴的一个端点为B,O为坐标原点,且S_{\bigtriangleup OAB}=5.$ +求椭圆C的标准方程;" ['由题意得,\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}\\frac{1}{2}ab=5,\\\\ a^2-b^2=c^2,\\\\ \\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2},\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n\n解得\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}a^2=20,\\\\ b^2=5,\\\\ c^2=15,\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n\n故椭圆C的方程为\n\n$$\n\\frac{x^2}{20}+\\frac{y^2}{5}=1.\n$$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{20}+\\frac{y^2}{5}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1116 "$已知椭圆C: {x^2}/{a^2} + {y^2}/{b^2} = 1 (a > b > 0) 的离心率为 \sqrt{3}/2,点(2,0)在椭圆C上.$ +求椭圆C的标准方程;" ['由题意得,\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\n\\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2},\\\\ \na=2,\\\\ \na^2=b^2+c^2,\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n解得\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\nc=\\sqrt{3},\\\\ \nb=1,\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n$所以椭圆 C 的标准方程为$\n$$\n\\frac{x^2}{4}+y^2=1.\n$$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4}+y^2=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1117 "$已知椭圆 M :\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)的离心率为\frac{\sqrt{6}}{3},焦距为2\sqrt{2}.斜率为k的直线l与椭圆M有两个不同的交点A,B.$ +求椭圆 M 的方程;" ['由题意得\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}a^2=b^2+c^2,\\\\ \\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{\\sqrt{6}}{3},\\\\ 2c=2\\sqrt{2},\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n\n解得\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}a=\\sqrt{3},\\\\ b=1.\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n\n$所以椭圆 M 的方程为 \\frac{x^2}{3} + y^2 =1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{3} + y^2 =1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1118 "$已知椭圆 C:\frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} =1(a>b>0)过点 M(2,3),点 A 为其左顶点,且 AM 的斜率为 \frac{1}{2}。$ +求C的方程;" ['$由题意可知直线AM的方程为y-3=\\frac{1}{2}(x-2),即x-2y=-4,当y=0时,解得x=-4,所以a=4,由椭圆C:\\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)过点M(2,3),可得\\frac{4}{16}+\\frac{9}{b^2}=1,解得b^2=12,所以C的方程为\\frac{x^2}{16}+\\frac{y^2}{12}=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{16}+\\frac{y^2}{12}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1119 "$已知椭圆C:\frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1(a>b>0)过点\left(1,\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right),且C的离心率为\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}.$ +$求椭圆C的方程;$" ['由题意得\n$$\n\\begin{align*}\n \\frac{c}{a} = \\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2} \\\\\n \\frac{1}{a^2} + \\frac{3}{4b^2} = 1 \\\\\n a^2 = b^2 + c^2\n\\end{align*}\n$$\n解得\n$$\n\\begin{align*}\n a=2 \\\\\n b=1\n\\end{align*}\n$$\n$所以椭圆C的方程为\\frac{x^2}{4}+ y^2 =1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4} + y^2 =1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1120 "$已知椭圆 C : \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (a>b>0) 的离心率 e = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2},且圆 x^2 + y ^2 =2 过椭圆 C 的上、下顶点.$ +求椭圆C的方程;" ['$由题意得b=\\sqrt{2}, $\n$又由e=\\frac{c}{a}=\\sqrt{1-\\frac{b^2}{a^2}}=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2},解得a^2=8, $\n$所以椭圆C的方程为\\frac{x^2}{8}+\\frac{y^2}{2}=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{8} + \\frac{y^2}{2} =1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1121 "$已知椭圆E: x^2/a^2 + y^2/b^2 = 1(a>b>0) 的右顶点为 A(2,0),离心率为 1/2. 过点 P(6,0)与x轴不重合的直线 l 交椭圆 E 于不同的两点 B, C,直线 AB, AC 分别交直线 x=6 于点 M, N.$ +$求椭圆E的方程;$" ['由题意,知\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\na=2,\\\\ \n\\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{1}{2},\\\\ \na^2=b^2+c^2,\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n$解得b=\\sqrt{3}.$\n$故椭圆E的方程为$\n$$\n\\frac{x^2}{4}+\\frac{y^2}{3}=1.\n$$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4}+\\frac{y^2}{3}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1122 "开展中小学生课后服务,是促进学生健康成长、帮助家长解决接送学生困难的重要举措,是进一步增强教育服务能力、使人民群众具有更多获得感和幸福感的民生工程.某校为确保学生课后服务工作顺利开展,制订了两套工作方案,为了解学生对这两个方案的支持情况,现随机抽取100个学生进行调查,获得数据如下表: + +| |男|女| +|---|---|---| +|支持方案一|24|16| +|支持方案二|25|35| + +假设用频率估计概率,且所有学生对活动方案是否支持相互独立. +$从该校支持方案一和支持方案二的学生中各随机抽取1人,设X为抽出两人中女生的个数,求X的数学期望;$" ['$记事件A表示从方案一中抽取到女生,事件B表示从方案二中抽取到女生,P(A)=\\frac{2}{5},P(B)=\\frac{7}{12},$\n\n因为X可能取值为0、1、2,\n\n$所以P(X=0)=\\frac{3}{5}\\times \\frac{5}{12}=\\frac{1}{4},$\n\n$P(X=1)=\\frac{3}{5}\\times \\frac{7}{12}+\\frac{2}{5}\\times \\frac{5}{12}=\\frac{31}{60},$\n\n$P(X=2)=\\frac{2}{5}\\times \\frac{7}{12}=\\frac{7}{30},$\n\n所以X的分布列为\n\n| X | 0 | 1 | 2 |\n| ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- |\n|$P$|$\\frac14$|$\\frac{31}{60}$|$\\frac7{30}$|\n\n$所以E(X)=0\\times \\frac{1}{4}+1\\times \\frac{31}{60}+2\\times \\frac{7}{30}=\\frac{59}{60}.$\n\n'] ['$\\frac{59}{60}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +1123 "$已知数列a_n满足a_1=1,na_{n+1}=2(n+1)a_n.设b_n=\frac{a_n}{n}.$ +$求数列{b_n}的通项公式$" ['${b_n} 是首项为1,公比为2的等比数列.$\n\n$理由:由条件可得 \\frac{a_{n+1}}{n+1} = \\frac{2a_n}{n} ,即 b_{n+1}=2b_n ,又 b_1=1 ,所以{b_n} 是首项为1,公比为2的等比数列.$\n\n'] ['$b_n=2^{n-1}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +1124 "$已知函数f(x)=12-x^2.$ +$求曲线y=f(x)的斜率等于-2的切线方程;$" "[""$由f(x)=12-x^2得f'(x)=-2x.$\n\n$令f'(x_0)=-2,���-2x_0=-2,得x_0=1.$\n\n$又因为f(x_0)=f(1)=11,所以切点为(1,11).$\n\n$故所求的切线方程为y-11=-2(x-1),即y=-2x+13.$""]" ['$y=-2x+13$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Plane Geometry Math Chinese +1125 "$已知函数f(x)=\frac{3-2x}{x^2+a}.$ +$若a=0,求曲线y=f(x)在点(1, f(1))处的切线方程;$" "[""$当a=0时, f(x)=\\frac{3}{x^2}-\\frac{2}{x}, f'(x)=-\\frac{6}{x^3}+\\frac{2}{x^2}.$\n$所以f(1)=1, f'(1)=-4.$\n$所以曲线y=f(x)在点(1, f(1))处的切线方程为y-1=-4(x-1),即y=-4x+5.$""]" ['$y=-4x+5$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Plane Geometry Math Chinese +1126 "$设函数f(x)=(x-t_1)(x-t_2)(x-t_3),其中t_1,t_2,t_3 \in \mathbb{R},且t_1,t_2,t_3是公差为d的等差数列.$ +$若t^2=0,d=1,求曲线y=f(x)在点(0, f(0))处的切线方程;$" "[""$由已知,可得f(x)=x(x-1)(x+1)=x^3-x,故f'(x)=3x^2-1.因此f(0)=0,f'(0)=-1,又因为曲线y=f(x)在点(0,f(0))处的切线方程为y-f(0)=f'(0) \\cdot (x-0),故所求切线方程为x+y=0.$""]" ['$x+y=0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1127 "$已知椭圆E:x^2/a^2 + y^2/b^2 = 1 (a > b > 0) 的一个顶点为 A(0,1),离心率 e = \sqrt{6}/3.$ +$求椭圆E的方程;$" ['由题意得\n$$\n\\begin{align*}\nb &= 1,\\\\ \n\\frac{c}{a} &= \\frac{\\sqrt{6}}{3},\\\\ \na^2 &= b^2+c^2,\n\\end{align*}\n$$\n\n$解得 a = \\sqrt{3}.$\n\n$所以椭圆 E 的方程为 \\frac{x^2}{3} + y^2 = 1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{3} + y^2 = 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1128 "$已知椭圆 C: \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (其中 a>b>0)过点 A(0,2)和 B(0,-2),且 a = \sqrt{2}b.$ +$求椭圆 C 的方程;$" ['$因为b = 2,所以a = 2 \\sqrt{2},$\n$所以椭圆C的方程为\\frac{x^2}{8} + \\frac{y^2}{4} = 1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{8} + \\frac{y^2}{4} = 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1129 "$已知函数f(x)=(\frac{1}{x}+a)ln(1+x).$ +$当a=-1时,求曲线y=f(x)在点(1, f(1))处的切线方程;$" "[""$当a=-1时, f(x)=\\left(\\frac{1}{x}-1\\right)\\ln(x+1),则f(1)=0,且f'x=-\\frac{1}{x^2}\\ln(x+1)+\\left(\\frac{1}{x}-1\\right)\\cdot\\frac{1}{x+1}, 故f'(1)=-\\ln 2,所以所求切线方程为y=-(x-1)\\ln 2,即x\\ln 2+y-\\ln 2=0.$""]" ['$x\\ln 2+y-\\ln 2=0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1130 "$已知动点P(m,n)在椭圆C: \frac{x^2}{2} + y^2=1之外,作直线l: \frac{mx}{2} + ny=1.$ +$设(1)中两个公共点分别为A和B,若点Q在椭圆C上,且满足\overrightarrow{PQ}=\overrightarrow{PA}+\overrightarrow{PB},求点P的轨迹方程.$" ['$设A(x_1, y_1), B(x_2, y_2),$\n$由(1)可得x_1 + x_2 = \\frac{4m}{m^2+2n^2}, x_1x_2 = \\frac{4-4n^2}{m^2+2n^2}。 $\n$又 \\frac{mx_1}{2} + ny_1 = 1, \\frac{mx_2}{2} + ny_2 = 1,$\n$两式相加得\\frac{m(x_1 + x_2)}{2} + n(y_1 + y_2) = 2,$\n$所以y_1 + y_2 = \\frac{1}{n}[2 - \\frac{m(x_1 + x_2)}{2}]= \\frac{4n}{m^2+2n^2}。 $\n$设Q(x_0, y_0),因为\\overrightarrow{PQ} =\\overrightarrow{PA} + \\overrightarrow{PB},$\n$所以(x_0 - m, y_0 - n) = (x_1 - m, y_1 - n) + (x_2 - m, y_2 - n),$\n$所以\\begin{cases}x_0 - m = x_1 + x_2 - 2m \\\\ y_0 - n = y_1 + y_2 - 2n\\end{cases}, 所以\\begin{cases}x_0 = x_1 + x_2 - m \\\\ y_0 = y_1 + y_2 - n\\end{cases},$\n$即\\begin{cases}x_0 = \\frac{4m}{m^2+2n^2} - m \\\\ y_0 = \\frac{4n}{m^2+2n^2} - n\\end{cases}。 $\n$又Q(x_0, y_0)在椭圆上,所以\\frac{x^2_0}{2} + y^2_0 = 1,即x^2_0 + 2y^2_0 = 2,$\n$所以\\left(\\frac{4m}{m^2+2n^2}-m\\right)^2 + 2\\left(\\frac{4n}{m^2+2n^2}-n\\right)^2 = 2, $\n$化简得(m^2 +2n^2)^2 -10(m^2 +2n^2) +16 = 0,$\n$所以(m^2 +2n^2 -2)(m^2 +2n^2 -8) = 0, $\n$因为m^2 +2n^2 -2 > 0,所以m^2 +2n^2 -8 = 0,$\n$所以点P的轨迹方程为m^2 +2n^2 -8 = 0,即\\frac{m^2}{8} + \\frac{n^2}{4} = 1.$'] ['$\\frac{m^2}{8} + \\frac{n^2}{4} = 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1131 "$在直角坐标系xOy中,曲线C的参数方程为x=\sqrt{3}\cos 2t, y=2\sin t(t为参数).以坐标原点为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,已知直线l的极坐标方程为\rho \sin \left(\theta +\frac{\pi }{3}\right) +m=0.$ +$写出l的直角坐标方程;$" ['$\\because \\rho \\sin \\left(\\theta +\\frac{\\pi }{3}\\right) + m = 0,$\n\n$\\therefore \\rho \\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\sin \\theta +\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}\\cos \\theta \\right) + m = 0,$\n\n$\\therefore \\frac{1}{2} \\rho \\sin \\theta + \\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2} \\rho \\cos \\theta + m = 0,$\n\n$\\therefore \\frac{1}{2} y + \\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2} x + m = 0, 即 \\sqrt{3} x + y + 2m = 0,$\n\n$\\therefore 直线 l 的直角坐标方程为 \\sqrt{3} x + y + 2m = 0.$'] ['$\\sqrt{3} x + y + 2m = 0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +1132 "$在直角坐标系xOy中,曲线C_1的参数方程为$ +$$ +\left\{\begin{matrix}x=\cos ^kt,\\ y=\sin ^kt\end{matrix}\right. +$$ +$(t为参数).以坐标原点为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,曲线C_2的极坐标方程为4\rho \cos \theta -16\rho \sin \theta +3=0.$ +$当k=1时,C_1是什么曲线?$" ['$当k=1时,C_1:\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x=\\cos t,\\\\ y=\\sin t,\\end{matrix}\\right.消去参数t得x^2+y^2=1,故曲线C_1是圆心为坐标原点,半径为1的圆.$'] ['$x^2+y^2=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +1133 "$在直角坐标系xOy中,以坐标原点为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,曲线C的极坐标方程为\rho=2\sqrt{2}\cos \theta。$ +将C的极坐标方程化为直角坐标方程;" ['$由\\rho =2\\sqrt{2}\\cos \\theta ,得\\rho ^2=2\\sqrt{2}\\rho \\cos \\theta .$\n$将x^2+y^2=\\rho ^2,x=\\rho \\cos \\theta 代入上式,得x^2+y^2=2\\sqrt{2}x,$\n$\\therefore 曲线C的直角坐标方程为x^2+y^2-2\\sqrt{2}x=0.$'] ['$x^2+y^2-2\\sqrt{2}x=0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +1134 "$在直角坐标系xOy中,曲线C的参数方程为$ + +$$ +\begin{matrix} +x = 2\cos \alpha + \sin alpha, \\ +y = \cos \alpha -2\sin \alpha +\end{matrix} +$$ + +$其中\alpha为参数。以原点O为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,直线l的极坐标方程为\rho\sin (\theta + \frac{\pi }{4}) = 2\sqrt{2}.$ +求曲线C的普通方程和直线l的直角坐标方程;" ['由曲线C的参数方程为\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\nx=2\\cos \\alpha +\\sin \\alpha ,\\\\ \ny=\\cos \\alpha -2\\sin \\alpha \n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n\n$(\\alpha 为参数), 可得x^2+y^2=5\\cos ^2\\alpha +5\\sin ^2\\alpha =5,即曲线C的普通方程为x^2+y^2=5。$\n\n$由\\rho \\sin $\n\n$$\n\\left(\\theta +\\frac{\\pi }{4}\\right)\n$$\n\n=2\n\n$$\n\\sqrt{2}\n$$\n\n$,得\\rho (\\sin \\theta +\\cos \\theta )=4,$\n\n所以直线l的直角坐标方程为x+y-4=0.'] ['$x^{2}+y^{2}=5,x+y-4=0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Equation Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +1135 "$在极坐标系中,O(0,0),A\left(6,\frac{\pi }{2}\right),B\left(6\sqrt{2},\frac{\pi }{4}\right),以极点O为原点,极轴为x轴正半轴,建立平面直角坐标系,已知直线l的参数方程为\left\{\begin{matrix}x=-1+t\cos \alpha ,\\ y=2+t\sin \alpha \end{matrix}\right.(t为参数,\alpha \in R),且点P的直角坐标为(-1,2).$ +$求经过O,A,B三点的圆C的极坐标方程;$" ['$由已知O, A, B的极坐标和极直互化公式$\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}\nx=\\rho \\cos \\theta ,\\\\ \ny=\\rho \\sin \\theta\n\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n$得O, A, B的直角坐标分别为(0,0),(0,6),(6,6),\\therefore \\angle OAB为直角.$\n\n$\\therefore 经过O, A, B三点的圆C的圆心为(3,3),且经过原点O,则圆C的半径为r=\\sqrt{3^2+3^2}=3\\sqrt{2},$\n\n$\\therefore 圆C的方程为(x-3)^2+(y-3)^2=18,即x^2+y^2-6x-6y=0,化成极坐标方程得\\rho ^2-6\\rho \\cos \\theta -6\\rho \\sin \\theta =0,即\\rho =6\\cos \\theta +6sin \\theta .$'] ['$\\rho =6cos \\theta +6\\sin \\theta $.'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +1136 "$已知曲线C:x^{2}+y^{2}=2,从曲线C上的任意点P(x,y)作压缩变换$ +$$ +\left\{\begin{matrix} +x'=x,\\ +y'=\frac{y}{\sqrt{2}} +\end{matrix}\right. +$$ +$得到点P'(x',y').$ +$求点P'(x',y')所在的曲线E的方程;$" "[""$由 \\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x'=x,\\\\ y'=\\frac{y}{\\sqrt{2}}\\end{matrix}\\right. 得 \\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x=x',\\\\ y=\\sqrt{2}y',\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n$代入 x^2+y^2=2 得 \\frac{x'^2}{2}+y'^2=1,\\therefore 曲线E的方程为 \\frac{x^2}{2}+y^2=1.$""]" ['$\\frac{x^2}{2}+y^2=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +1137 "$直角坐标系xOy中,以坐标原点为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,曲线C的极坐标方程为\rho=4\cos \theta.$ +将曲线C的极坐标方程化为直角坐标方程;" ['$\\because 曲线C的极坐标方程为\\rho =4\\cos \\theta ,\\therefore \\rho ^2=4\\rho \\cos \\theta ,$\n化为直角坐标方程为$x^2+y^2=4x,即(x-2)^2+y^2=4$.'] ['$(x-2)^2+y^2=4$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +1138 "$直角坐标系xOy中,以坐标原点为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,曲线C的极坐标方程为\rho=4\cos \theta.$ +$设点A的直角坐标为(0,-2),M为C上的动点,点P是线段AM的中点,求点P轨迹的极坐标方程.$" ['$设M(2+2\\cos \\alpha ,2\\sin \\alpha ),又A(0,-2),故由中点坐标公式��得P(1+\\cos \\alpha ,-1+\\sin \\alpha ),化为参数方程为$\n\n$$\n\\begin{align*}\nx&=1+\\cos \\alpha ,\\\\ \ny&=-1+\\sin \\alpha \n\\end{align*}\n$$\n\n$(\\alpha 为参数),其普通方程为(x-1)^2+(y+1)^2=1,故点P的轨迹的极坐标方程为\\rho ^2-2\\rho \\cos \\theta +2\\rho \\sin \\theta +1=0.$'] ['$\\rho ^2-2\\rho \\cos \\theta +2\\rho \\sin \\theta +1=0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +1139 "$在平面直角坐标系中,P为曲线C_{1}:$ +$ +\begin{align*}x = 2 + 2\cos \alpha ,\\y = \sin \alpha +\end{align*} +$ +$(\alpha 为参数)上的动点,将P点纵坐标不变,横坐标变为原来的一半得Q点,记Q点轨迹为C_{2},以坐标原点O为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系.$ +$求曲线C_2的极坐标方程;$" "[""数学科目的题目:\n\n$曲线C_1:$\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x=2+2\\cos \\alpha ,\\\\ y=\\sin \\alpha \\end{matrix}\\right.$\n化为普通方程为\n$\\frac{(x-2)^2}{4}+y^2=1.$\n\n\n\n$设P点坐标为(x,y),Q点坐标为(x',y'),$\n则有\n$\\frac{(x-2)^2}{4}+y^2=1,x'=\\frac{x}{2}$\n$,y'=y.$\n\n\n\n$故(x'-1)^2+y'^2=1,即x'^2+y'^2=2x',则曲线C_2的普通方程为x^2+y^2=2x.$\n$\\therefore 曲线C_2的极坐标方程为\\rho =2\\cos \\theta .$""]" ['$\\rho=2cos\\theta$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +1140 "$在平面直角坐标系xOy中,设曲线C_1的参数方程为$ +$$ +\left\{\begin{matrix} +x=\frac{1}{3}\cos \alpha ,\\ +y=2+\frac{1}{3}\sin \alpha +\end{matrix}\right. +$$ +$(\alpha为参数),以坐标原点为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,已知曲线C_2的极坐标方程为\rho=\frac{2}{\sqrt{\cos^2\theta +4\sin^2\theta }}。$ +$求曲线C_1的普通方程与曲线C_2的直角坐标方程;$" ['$由曲线C_1的参数方程消去\\alpha,得x^2+(y-2)^2=\\frac{1}{9}.$\n\n$C_2的极坐标方程\\rho=\\frac{2}{\\sqrt{\\cos ^2\\theta +4\\sin ^2\\theta }}可化为\\rho^2cos^2\\theta+4\\rho^2sin^2\\theta=4,化为直角坐标方程为 \\frac{x^2}{4}+y^2=1.$'] ['$x^2+(y-2)^2=\\frac{1}{9}, \\frac{x^2}{4}+y^2=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Equation Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +1141 "$在直角坐标系中,曲线C的参数方程为x=2+4\cos \varphi ,y=4\sin \varphi(\phi 为参数),以坐标原点为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,直线l的极坐标方程为\rho \cos (\theta +\frac{\pi }{4})=-\sqrt{2}.$ +分别求曲线C的普通方程和直线l的直角坐标方程;" [':\n$曲线C的普通方程为:(x-2)^2+y^2=16。根据:$\n\n$$\n\\begin{align*}\nx&=\\rho \\cos \\theta,\\\\\ny&=\\rho \\sin \\theta,\\\\\n\\rho \\cos (\\theta +\\frac{\\pi}{4})&=-\\sqrt{2},\n\\end{align*}\n$$\n\n得直线 l 的直角坐标方程为 x-y+2=0。'] ['$(x-2)^2+y^2=16, x-y+2=0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Equation Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +1142 "某数学学习小组的7名学生在一次考试后调整了学习方法,一段时间后又参加了第二次考试.两次考试的成绩如下表所示(满分100分): + +学生 | 第一次成绩 | 第二次成绩 +----- | ------ | -------- +学生1 | 82 | 83 +学生2 | 89 | 90 +学生3 | 78 | 75 +学生4 | 92 | 95 +学生5 | 92 | 93 +学生6 | 65 | 61 +学生7 | 81 | 76 + +$设x_i(i=1,2,\ldots ,7)表示第i名学生第二次考试成绩与第一次考试成绩的差.从数学学习小组7名学生中随机选取2名,得到数据x_i,x_j(1\leq i,j\leq 7,i\neq j),定义随机变量X,Y如下:$ +$X=$ +$\left\{\begin{matrix}0,0\leq |x_i-x_j|<3,\\ 1,3\leq |x_i-x_j|<6,\\ 2,|x_i-x_j|\geq 6,\end{matrix}\right.$ +$Y=$ +$\left\{\begin{matrix}0,0\leq |x_i-x_j|<2,\\ 1,2\leq |x_i-x_j|<4,\\ 2,4\leq |x_i-x_j|<6,\\ 3,|x_i-x_j|\geq 6.\end{matrix}\right.$ + +$求X的数学期望EX;$" ['$随机变量X的所有可能取值为0,1,2.$\n\n这7名学生第二次考试成绩与第一次考试成绩的差分别为1,1,-3,3,1,-4,-5.\n\n$P(X=0)=\\frac{9}{C_7^2}=\\frac{3}{7};$\n$P(X=1)=\\frac{6}{C_7^2}=\\frac{2}{7};$\n$P(X=2)=\\frac{6}{C_7^2}=\\frac{2}{7}.$\n\n$则随机变量X的分布列为:$\n\n| X | 0 | 1 | 2 |\n|:------:|:-----:|:-----:|:-----:|\n| P | $\\frac{3}{7}$ | $\\frac{2}{7}$ | $\\frac{2}{7}$ |\n\n$X的数学期望EX=0\\times\\frac{3}{7}+1\\times\\frac{2}{7}+2\\times\\frac{2}{7}=\\frac{6}{7}.$\n\n'] ['$\\frac{6}{7}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +1143 "为调查A,B两种同类药物在临床应用中的疗效,药品监管部门收集了只服用药物A和只服用药物B的患者的康复时间,经整理得到如下数据: + +| 康复时间 | 只服用药物A | 只服用药物B | +| -------- | -------------- | -------------- | +| 7天内康复 | 360人 | 160人 | +| 8至14天康复 | 228人 | 200人 | +| 14天内未康复 | 12人 | 40人 | + +假设用频率估计概率,且只服用药物A和只服用药物B的患者是否康复相互独立. +从样本中只服用药物A和只服用药物B的患者中各随机抽取1人,以X表示这2人中能在7天内康复的人数,求X的数学期望;" ['$只服用药物A的患者7天内康复的概率为\\frac{360}{600}=\\frac{3}{5}.$\n\n$只服用药物B的患者7天内康复的概率为\\frac{160}{160+200+40}=\\frac{2}{5}.$\n\nX的所有可能取值为0,1,2.\n\n$P(X=0)=\\left(1-\\frac{3}{5}\\right)\\times \\left(1-\\frac{2}{5}\\right)=\\frac{6}{25}.$\n\n$P(X=1)=\\frac{3}{5}\\times \\left(1-\\frac{2}{5}\\right)+\\left(1-\\frac{3}{5}\\right)\\times \\frac{2}{5}=\\frac{13}{25}.$\n\n$P(X=2)=\\frac{3}{5}\\times \\frac{2}{5}=\\frac{6}{25}.$\n\n则分布列为:\n\n| X | 0 | 1 | 2 |\n|---|---|---|---|\n| P | $\\frac{6}{25}$ | $\\frac{13}{25}$ | $\\frac{6}{25}$ |\n\n$数学期望E[X] = 0\\times \\frac{6}{25}+1\\times \\frac{13}{25}+2\\times \\frac{6}{25}=1.$\n\n'] ['1'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +1144 "2023年9月23日至2023年10月8日,第19届亚运会将在中国杭州举行.杭州某中学高一年级举办了“亚运在我心”的知识竞赛,其中1班,2班,3班,4班报名人数如下: + +| 班号 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | +| ---- | --- | --- | --- | --- | +| 人数 | 30 | 40 | 20 | 10 | + +该年级在报名的同学中按分层抽样的方式抽取10名同学参加竞赛,每位参加竞赛的同学从预设的10个题目中随机抽取4个作答,至少答对3个的同学获得一份奖品.假设每位同学的作答情况相互独立. +2班的小张同学被抽中参加竞赛,若该同学在预设的10个题目中恰有3个答不对,记他答对的题目数为X,求X的数学期望;" ['$X的所有可能取值为1,2,3,4,$\n$P(X=1)=\\frac{C^1_7C^3_3}{C^4_{10}}=\\frac{1}{30},$\n\n$P(X=2)=\\frac{C^2_7C^2_3}{C^4_{10}}=\\frac{3}{10},$\n\n$P(X=3)=\\frac{C^3_7C^1_3}{C^4_{10}}=\\frac{1}{2},$\n\n$P(X=4)=\\frac{C^4_7C^0_3}{C^4_{10}}=\\frac{1}{6},$\n\n$所以X的分布列为$\n\n$| X | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |$\n| --- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- |\n$| P | 1/30 | 3/10 | 1/2 | 1/6 |$\n\n$E(X)=1\\times \\frac{1}{30}+2\\times \\frac{3}{10}+3\\times \\frac{1}{2}+4\\times \\frac{1}{6}=\\frac{14}{5}.$\n\n'] ['$\\frac{14}{5}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +1145 "$已知f(x)=\frac{x^2-a}{e^x}.$ +$当a=1时,求曲线y=f(x)在点(0, f(0))处的切线方程;$" "[""$当a=1时, f(x)=\\frac{x^2-1}{e^x}, f(0)=-1,$\n$又f'(x)=\\frac{2x-x^2+1}{e^x},则f'(0)=1,故切线为y+1=x,$\n$所以当a=1时,曲线y=f(x)在点(0, f(0))处的切线方程为y=x-1.$""]" ['$y=x-1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1146 "$已知函数f(x)=e^{x}-\ln{x}+\ln{a}.$ +$当a=e时,求曲线y=f(x)在点(1, f(1))处的切线方程;$" "[""$当a=e时, f(x)=e^x-\\ln x +1,所以f '(x)=e^x-\\frac{1}{x}.所以f '\u200b(1)=e-1.$\n\n$又因为f(1)=e+1,所以切点坐标为(1,1+e).$\n\n$所以曲线y=f(x)在点(1, f(1))处的切线方程为y-e-1=(e-1)(x-1),即y=(e-1)x+2.$""]" ['$y=(e-1)x+2$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1147 "$已知函数f(x)=\frac{2\mathrm{eln} x}{x}-1.$ +$求曲线 y=f(x) 在点 (1, f(1)) 处的切线方程;$" "[""$因为f(x)=\\frac{2\\mathrm{eln} x}{x}-1,定义域是(0,+\\infty ),$\n\n$所以f(1)=-1, f' (x)=\\frac{2\\mathrm{e}-2\\mathrm{eln} x}{x^2}, f' (1)=2e,$\n\n$故切线方程为y+1=2e(x-1),即2ex-y-2e-1=0.$""]" ['$2ex-y-2e-1=0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1148 "$已知函数f(x)=e^x + x\sin x + \cos x - ax - 2 (a \in \mathbb{R}.)$ +$若a=2,求曲线y=f(x)在点(0, f(0))处的切线方程;$" "[""$当a=2时, f(x)=e^{x}+x\\sin x +\\cos x -2x-2,$\n\n$则f^{'}(x)=e^{x}+x\\cos x -2,所以f^{'}(0)=-1。$\n\n$又f(0)=0,所以曲线y=f(x)在点(0, f(0))处的切线方程为y=-x。$""]" ['$y=-x$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1149 "$设椭圆 \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} =1 (a>b>0)的左焦点为 F ,左顶点为 A ,上顶点为 B. 已知 \sqrt{3}| OA |=2| OB | ( O 为原点) 。$ +$设经过点F且斜率为\frac{3}{4}的直线l与椭圆在x轴上方的交点为P,圆C同时与x轴和直线l相切,圆心C在直线x=4上,且OC\parallel AP.求椭圆的方程.$" ['$由(1)知,a=2c,b=\\sqrt{3}c,故椭圆方程为\\frac{x^2}{4c^2}+\\frac{y^2}{3c^2}=1。由题意,F(-c,0),则直线l的方程为y=\\frac{3}{4}(x+c)。$\n\n$第一步:先由直线与椭圆位置关系求出点P坐标.$\n\n$点P的坐标满足\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}\\frac{x^2}{4c^2}+\\frac{y^2}{3c^2}=1,\\\\ y=\\frac{3}{4}(x+c),\\end{matrix}\\right.消去y并化简,得到7x^2+6cx-13c^2=0,解得x_1=c,x_2=-\\frac{13c}{7}。$\n\n$代入l的方程,解得y_1=\\frac{3}{2}c,y_2=-\\frac{9}{14}c。$\n\n$因为点P在x轴上方,所以P\\left(c,\\frac{3}{2}c\\right)。$\n\n$第二步:由OC\\parallel AP求得圆心C的坐标.$\n\n$由圆心C在直线x=4上,可设C(4,t)。$\n\n$因为OC\\parallel AP,且由(1)知A(-2c,0),故\\frac{t}{4}=\\frac{\\frac{3}{2}c}{c+2c},$\n\n$解得t=2.则C(4,2).$\n\n$第三步:由圆与直线l的相切关系求出c的大小,进而求得椭圆方程.$\n\n$因为圆C与x轴相切,所以圆的半径长为2,又由圆C与l相切,得\\frac{\\left|\\frac{3}{4}(4+c)-2\\right|}{\\sqrt{1+\\left(\\frac{3}{4}\\right)^2}}=2,可得c=2。$\n\n$所以,椭圆的方程为\\frac{x^2}{16}+\\frac{y^2}{12}=1。$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{16}+\\frac{y^2}{12}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1150 "$已知椭圆 C : x^2/25 + y^2/m^2 = 1 (0 < m < 5) 的离心率为 \sqrt{15}/4 ,A ,B 分别为 C 的左、右顶点.$ +求C的方程;" ['由题设可得\n\n$\\frac{\\sqrt{25-m^2}}{5}=\\frac{\\sqrt{15}}{4}$\n\n$得 m^2=\\frac{25}{16} ,所以 C 的方程为$\n\n$\\frac{x^2}{25}+\\frac{y^2}{\\frac{25}{16}}=1$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{25}+\\frac{y^2}{\\frac{25}{16}}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1151 "$已知抛物线C:y^2=2px (p>0) 的焦点为 F,A 是 C 上的动点,点 P(1,1) 不在 C 上,且 |AF| + |AP| 的最小值为 2.$ +$若直线AP与C交于另一点B,与直线l交于点Q,设 \overrightarrow{QA} = \lambda \overrightarrow{PA}, \overrightarrow{QB} = \mu \overrightarrow{PB},且 \lambda + \mu =4,求直线l的方程.$" ['$设 A(x_1,y_1), B(x_2,y_2), Q(x, y), 直线 AP 的斜率不为0,设 AP 的方程为 x=my+1-m,联立$\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\ny^2=4x,\\\\\nx=my+1-m\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n$可得 y^2-4my+4m-4=0,则 y_1+y_2=4m, y_1y_2=4m-4,因为 \\overrightarrow{QA} = \\lambda \\overrightarrow{PA}, \\overrightarrow{QB} = \\mu \\overrightarrow{PB},所以 \\lambda +\\mu = \\frac{y_1-y}{y_1-1} + \\frac{y_2-y}{y_2-1} =2+ \\frac{1-y}{y_1-1} + \\frac{1-y}{y_2-1} =2+ \\frac{(1-y)(y_1+y_2-2)}{y_1y_2-(y_1+y_2)+1} =2- \\frac{4m(1-y)-2+2y}{3} =4,即 2m(y-1)=y+2,而 x=my+1-m,所以 2x-y-4=0.$'] ['$2x-y-4=0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1152 "$设椭圆C:\frac{x^2}{2}+y^2=1的右焦点为F,过F的直线l与C交于A,B两点,点M的坐标为(2,0).$ +$当l与x轴垂直时,求直线AM的方程;$" ['$由已知得F(1,0),l的方程为x=1,$\n\n由已知可得,点A的坐标为\n$\\left(1,\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}\\right)$\n或\n$\\left(1,-\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}\\right). $\n\n$所以AM的方程为y=-\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}x+\\sqrt{2}$\n$或 y= \\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2} x-\\sqrt{2}.$'] ['$y=-\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}x+\\sqrt{2},y= \\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}x-\\sqrt{2}.$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1153 "$已知椭圆 x^2/a^2 + y^2/b^2 = 1(a>b>0)的一个顶点为A(0,-3),右焦点为F,且|OA|=|OF|,其中O为原点.$ +求椭圆的方程;" ['$由已知可得 b=3. 记半焦距为 c ,由|OF|=|OA| 可得 c=b=3. 又 a^2=b^2+c^2,所以 a^2=18. 所以,椭圆的方程为 \\frac{x^2}{18}+\\frac{y^2}{9}=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{18}+\\frac{y^2}{9}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1154 "$已知椭圆 x^2/a^2 + y^2/b^2 = 1(a>b>0)的一个顶点为A(0,-3),右焦点为F,且|OA|=|OF|,其中O为原点.$ +$已知点C满足3\overrightarrow{OC}=\overrightarrow{OF},点B在椭圆上(B异于椭圆的顶点),直线AB与以C为圆心的圆相切于点P,且P为线段AB的中点.求直线AB的方程.$" ['$因为直线AB与以C为圆心的圆相切于点P,且P为线段AB的中点,所以AB\\perp CP.依题意,直线AB和直线CP的斜率均存在$$(由于A为椭圆的一个顶点,B为非顶点,直线AB与圆C相切,故直线AB,CP斜率均存在).设直线AB的方程为y = kx-3. 由方程组:$\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\ny=kx-3,\\\\ \n\\frac{x^2}{18}+\\frac{y^2}{9}=1,\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n\n$消去y,可得(2k^2+1)x^2-12kx=0,解得x=0,或x = \\frac{12k}{2k^2+1}.$\n\n$依题意,可得点B的坐标为\\left(\\frac{12k}{2k^2+1},\\frac{6k^2-3}{2k^2+1}\\right).$\n$因为P为线段AB的中点,点A的坐标为(0,-3),所以点P的坐标为\\left(\\frac{6k}{2k^2+1},\\frac{-3}{2k^2+1}\\right)(中点坐标公式).$\n\n$由3\\overrightarrow{OC}= \\overrightarrow{OF},得点C的坐标为(1,0),故直线CP的斜率为 \\frac{\\frac{-3}{2k^2+1}-0}{\\frac{6k}{2k^2+1}-1},即\\frac{3}{2k^2-6k+1}.$\n$又因为AB \\perp CP,所以 k\\cdot \\frac{3}{2k^2-6k+1} = -1(两直线垂直,斜率之积为-1),整理得2k^2-3k+1=0,解得k= \\frac{1}{2},或k=1.$\n\n$所以,直线AB的方程为y= \\frac{1}{2}x-3���或y= x-3.$'] ['$y= \\frac{1}{2}x-3,y= x-3$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1155 "$已知椭圆 C: \frac{y^2}{a^2} + \frac{x^2}{b^2} =1 (a>b>0) 的离心率为 \frac{\sqrt{5}}{3},点 A (-2,0) 在 C 上.$ +求C的方程;" ['$由已知条件得b=2,又e=\\frac{c}{a}=\\sqrt{1-\\frac{b^2}{a^2}}=\\sqrt{1-\\frac{4}{a^2}}=\\frac{\\sqrt{5}}{3},$\n$\\therefore a^2=9,\\therefore C的方程为\\frac{y^2}{9}+\\frac{x^2}{4}=1.$'] ['$\\frac{y^2}{9}+\\frac{x^2}{4}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1156 "$已知抛物线C:x^2=2py(p>0)上的点(2, y_0)到其焦点F的距离为2.$ +求抛物线C的方程;" ['$因为点(2,y_0)在抛物线C:x^2=2py(p>0)上,可得y_0=\\frac{2}{p},$\n\n$又因为点(2,y_0)到其焦点F的距离为2,$\n\n$由抛物线的定义可得\\frac{2}{p}+\\frac{p}{2}=2,解得p=2,$\n\n$所以抛物线C的方程为x^2=4y.$'] ['$x^2=4y$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1157 "$基础学科招生改革试点,也称强基计划,是教育部开展的招生改革工作,目的是选拔培养有志于服务国家重大战略需求且综合素质优秀或基础学科拔尖的学生.强基计划的校考由试点高校自主命题,校考过程中笔试通过后才能进入面试环节.2022年有3500名学生报考某试点高校,若报考该试点高校的学生的笔试成绩\xi ~N(\mu ,100),且P(\xi \leq 50)=P(\xi \geq 70),笔试成绩高于70分的学生进入面试环节.$ + +$附:若X~N(\mu ,\sigma ^2),则P(|X-\mu |\leq \sigma )\approx 0.682 7,P(|X-\mu |\leq 2\sigma )\approx 0.954 5,0.841 35^{10}\approx 0.177 7,0.977 25^{10}\approx 0.794 4.$ +$现有甲、乙、丙、丁四名学生进入了面试,且他们通过面试的概率分别为\frac{1}{3}、\frac{1}{3}、\frac{1}{2}、\frac{1}{2},设这4名学生中通过面试的人数为X,求随机变量X的数学期望.$" ['$X的可能取值为0,1,2,3,4,$\n\n$P(X=0)=C_{0}^{2}\\left(1-\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^2 C_{0}^{2}\\left(1-\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^2 = \\frac{1}{9},$\n$P(X=1)=C_{1}^{2}\\frac{1}{3}\\left(1-\\frac{1}{3}\\right)C_{0}^{2}\\left(1-\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^2 + C_{0}^{2}\\left(1-\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^2C_{1}^{2}\\frac{1}{2}\\left(1-\\frac{1}{2}\\right) = \\frac{1}{3},$\n$P(X=2)=C_{2}^{2}\\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^2 C_{0}^{2}\\left(1-\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^2 +C_{1}^{2}\\frac{1}{3}\\left(1-\\frac{1}{3}\\right)C_{1}^{2}\\frac{1}{2}\\left(1-\\frac{1}{2}\\right)\n+C_{0}^{2}\\left(1-\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^2 C_{2}^{2}\\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^2 = \\frac{13}{36},$\n$P(X=3)=C_{2}^{2}\\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^2 C_{1}^{2}\\frac{1}{2}\\left(1-\\frac{1}{2}\\right) +C_{1}^{2}\\frac{1}{3}\\left(1-\\frac{1}{3}\\right)C_{2}^{2}\\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^2 = \\frac{1}{6},$\n$P(X=4)=C_{2}^{2}\\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^2 C_{2}^{2}\\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^2 = \\frac{1}{36},$\n\n| $X $| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |\n|-----|----|----|-------------|-------|--------|\n| $P$ | $\\frac19$ | $\\frac13$ | $\\frac{13}{36}$ | $\\frac16$ | $\\frac1{36}$ |\n\n$\\therefore E(X) = 0 \\times \\frac{1}{9} + 1 \\times \\frac{1}{3} + 2 \\times \\frac{13}{36} + 3 \\times \\frac{1}{6} + 4 \\times \\frac{1}{36} = \\frac{5}{3}.$\n\n'] ['$\\frac{5}{3}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +1158 "规定抽球试验规则如下:盒子中初始装有白球和红球各一个,每次有放回地任取一个,连续取两次,将以上过程记为一轮.如果每一轮取到的两个球都是白球,则记该轮为成功,否则记为失败.在抽取过程中,如果某一轮成功,则停止;否则,在盒子中再放入一个红球,然后接着进行下一轮抽球,如此不断继续下去,直至成功. + +$附:线性回归方程\hat{y}=\hat{b}x+\hat{a}中,\hat{b}=\frac{\sum \limits^{n}_{{i=1}}x_iy_i-n\overline{x} \cdot \overline{y}}{\sum \limits^{n}_{{i=1}}x^2_i-n{\overline{x}}^2},\hat{a}=\overline{y}-\hat{b}\overline{x};$ + +$参考数据:\sum \limits^{5}_{{i=1}}x^2_i=1.46,\overline{x}=0.46,\overline{x}^2=0.212 \left(\begin{matrix}\text{其中}x_i=\frac{1}{t_i},\overline{x}=\frac{1}{5}\sum \limits^{5}_{{i=1}}x_i\end{matrix}\right).$ +$某人进行该抽球试验时,最多进行三轮,即使第三轮不成功,也停止抽球,记其进行抽球试验的轮次数为随机变量X,求X的数学期望;$" ['$由题知,X的可能取值为1,2,3,$\n$所以P(X=1)=\\left(\\frac{1}{\\mathrm{C}^1_2}\\right)^2=\\frac{1}{4},$\n$P(X=2)=\\left[1-\\left(\\frac{1}{\\mathrm{C}^1_2}\\right)^2\\right]\\left(\\frac{1}{\\mathrm{C}^1_3}\\right)^2=\\frac{1}{12},$\n$P(X=3)=\\left[1-\\left(\\frac{1}{\\mathrm{C}^1_2}\\right)^2\\right]\\left[1-\\left(\\frac{1}{\\mathrm{C}^1_3}\\right)^2\\right]=\\frac{2}{3},$\n$所以X的分布列为$\n\n| X | 1 | 2 | 3 |\n|---|---|---|---|\n| P | $\\frac{1}{4}$ | $\\frac{1}{12}$ | $\\frac{2}{3}$ |\n\n$所以数学期望E(X)=1\\times \\frac{1}{4}+2\\times \\frac{1}{12}+3\\times \\frac{2}{3}=\\frac{29}{12}.$\n\n'] ['$\\frac{29}{12}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +1159 "$已知函数f(x) = \sin{x} - m{x}^{3} (m \in \mathbb{R}), g(x) = (x - 1)e^{x}.$ +$当m=1时,求曲线y=f(x)在点(0, f(0))处的切线方程;$" "[""$当m=1时, f(x)=\\sin x - x^{3},所以f'(x)=\\cos x - 3x^{2}.$\n\n$因为f'(0)=1,f(0)=0,所以切线方程为y=x.$""]" ['$y=x$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1160 "$已知函数f(x)=\left(\frac{1}{x}+a\right)\ln(1+x).$ +$当a=-1时,求曲线y=f(x)在点(1, f(1))处的切线方程;$" "[""$当a=-1时, f(x)=\\left(\\frac{1}{x}-1\\right)ln(x+1),则f(1)=0,且f'(x)=-\\frac{1}{x^2}ln(x+1)+\\left(\\frac{1}{x}-1\\right)\\cdot\\frac{1}{x+1},$\n$故f'(1)=-ln 2,所以所求切线方程为y=-(x-1)ln 2,即xln 2+y-ln 2=0.$""]" ['$xln 2+y-ln 2=0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1161 "| |2022年北京冬奥会赛程表 | +|-------------|---| +| 2022年2月 | 北京赛区 | +|开闭幕式 |冰壶 | +|$|5(六) | | | |1 |1 | | | | | |1 | |1 | |1 |1 |6 |$|| +|$|6(日) | | | |1 | | |1 | | |1 |1 | |1 |1 | |1 |7 |$|| + +说明:“”代表当日有不是决赛的比赛;数字代表当日有相应数量的决赛. +$若在2月6日(星期日)的所有决赛中观看三场,记X为赛区的个数,求X的期望E(X).$" ['随机变量X的所有可能取值为1,2,3.\n根据题意,\n$P(X=1)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^3_4}{\\mathrm{C}^3_7}=\\frac{4}{35},$\n$P(X=2)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_1\\mathrm{C}^2_2+\\mathrm{C}^1_1\\mathrm{C}^2_4+\\mathrm{C}^1_2\\mathrm{C}^2_4+\\mathrm{C}^2_2\\mathrm{C}^1_4}{\\mathrm{C}^3_7}=\\frac{1+6+12+4}{35}=\\frac{23}{35},$\n$P(X=3)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_1\\mathrm{C}^1_2\\mathrm{C}^1_4}{\\mathrm{C}^3_7}=\\frac{8}{35}.$\n随机变量X的分布列为:\n\n| X | 1 | 2 | 3 |\n| --- | ----------- | ----------- | ----------- |\n|$ P $|$\\frac{4}{35}$|$\\frac{4}{35}$|$\\frac{4}{35}$|\n\n$数学期望E(X)=1\\times \\frac{4}{35}+2\\times \\frac{23}{35}+3\\times \\frac{8}{35}=\\frac{74}{35}.$\n\n'] ['$\\frac{74}{35}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +1162 "现有甲、乙、丙、丁四位同学分别带着$A,B,C,D$四个不同的礼物参加派对进行“礼物交换”游戏,将四个礼物放入袋中,每位同学分别抽取一个礼物。 +$记X为未拿到自己所带礼物的同学的人数,求X的数学期望.$" ['$X的可能取值为0,2,3,4,$\n$X=0表示四位同学都拿到自己所带的礼物,只有一种可能,\\therefore P(X<=0)=\\frac{1}{\\mathrm{A}^4_4}=\\frac{1}{24}.$\n$X=2表示恰好有两位同学拿到自己所带的礼物,共有C^2_4=6种,\\therefore P(X=2)=\\frac{6}{\\mathrm{A}^4_4}=\\frac{1}{4}.$\n$X=3表示恰有一位同学拿到自己所带的礼物.从甲、乙、丙、丁四位同学中选一名同学拿到自己所带的礼物,有C^1_4=4种,假设是甲拿到了A礼物,则其他人都拿到别人的礼物,有两种可能:乙拿C礼物、丙拿D礼物、丁拿B礼物或者乙拿D礼物、丙拿B礼物、丁拿C礼物,共有4\\times 2=8种,\\therefore P(X=3)=\\frac{8}{\\mathrm{A}^4_4}=\\frac{1}{3}.由(1)可知,P(X=4)=\\frac{3}{8}.$\n$\\therefore X的分布列为$\n\n| X | 0 | 2 | 3 | 4 |\n|---|---|---|---|---|\n$| P | \\frac{1}{24} | \\frac{1}{4} | \\frac{1}{3} | \\frac{3}{8} |$\n\n$E(X=)=0\\times \\frac{1}{24}+2\\times \\frac{1}{4}+3\\times \\frac{1}{3}+4\\times \\frac{3}{8}=3.$\n\n'] ['$3$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +1163 "某单位有A,B两个餐厅为员工提供午餐与晚餐服务,甲、乙两位员工每个工作日午餐和晚餐都在单位就餐,近100个工作日选择餐厅就餐情况统计如下: + +|选择餐厅情况(午餐,晚餐)|(A,A)|(A,B)|(B,A)|(B,B)| +|---|---|---|---|---| +|甲员工|30天|20天|40天|10天| +|乙员工|20天|25天|15天|40天| + +假设甲、乙员工选择餐厅相互独立,用频率估计概率. +$记X为甲、乙两员工在一天中就餐餐厅的个数,求X的数学期望E(X);$" ['甲员工午餐和晚餐都选择B餐厅就餐的概率为0.1;乙员工午餐和晚餐都选择A餐厅就餐的概率为0.2.\n\n$X的所有可能取值为1,2.$\n\n$P(X=1)=0.3\\times 0.2+0.1\\times 0.4=0.1,$\n\n$P(X=2)=1-P(X=1)=0.9.$\n\n$X的分布列为$\n\n| X | 1 | 2 |\n|:---:|:--:|:--:|\n| P | 0.1| 0.9|\n\n$E(X)=1\\times 0.1+2\\times 0.9=1.9.$\n\n'] ['$1.9$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +1164 "$为进一步激发青少���学习中华优秀传统文化的热情,某校举办了“我爱古诗词”对抗赛,在每轮对抗赛中,高二年级胜高三年级的概率为 \frac{2}{5} ,高一年级胜高三年级的概率为 \frac{1}{3} ,且每轮对抗赛的成绩互不影响.$ +$若高一年级与高三年级进行对抗,高一年级胜2轮就停止,否则开始新一轮对抗,但对抗不超过5轮,求对抗赛轮数X的数学期望.$" ['$X可能取2,3,4,5,$\n\n$iP(X=2)\\left(\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^2=\\frac{1}{9}$\n\n$iP(X=3)=C^1_2\\times \\frac{1}{3}\\times \\left(1-\\frac{1}{3}\\right)\\times \\frac{1}{3}=\\frac{4}{27}$\n\n$iP(X=4)=C^1_3\\times \\frac{1}{3}\\times \\left(1-\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^2\\times \\frac{1}{3}=\\frac{4}{27}$\n\n$iP(X=5)=C^1_4\\times \\frac{1}{3}\\times \\left(1-\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^3\\times 1+\\left(1-\\frac{1}{3}\\right)^4\\times 1=\\frac{16}{27}$\n\n$X的分布列为$\n\n|X |2|3|4|5|\n|--- |--- |--- |--- |--- |\n|$iP $|$\\frac{1}{9}$|$\\frac{4}{27}$|$\\frac{4}{27}$|$\\frac{16}{27}$|\n\n$所以iE(X)=2\\times \\frac{1}{9} +3\\times \\frac{4}{27} +4\\times \\frac{4}{27} +5\\times \\frac{16}{27} =\\frac{38}{9}.$\n\n'] ['$\\frac{38}{9}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +1165 "在抗击新冠肺炎疫情期间,很多人积极参与了疫情防控的志愿者活动。各社区志愿者服务类型有:现场值班值守,社区消毒,远程教育宣传,心理咨询(每个志愿者仅参与一类服务)。参与A, B, C三个社区的志愿者服务情况如下表: + +| 社区 | 社区服务总人数 | 现场值班值守 | 社区消毒 | 远程教育宣传 | 心理咨询 | +| ---- | ------ | ----- | ---- | ---- | ---- | +| A | 100 | 30 | 30 | 20 | 20 | +| B | 120 | 40 | 35 | 20 | 25 | +| C | 150 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 30 | + +$已知A社区心理咨询满意率为0.85,B社区心理咨询满意率为0.95,C社区心理咨询满意率为0.9,“\xi_{A}=1,\xi_{B}=1,\xi_{C}=1”分别表示A,B,C社区的人们对心理咨询满意,“\xi_{A}=0,\xi_{B}=0,\xi_{C}=0”分别表示A,B,C社区的人们对心理咨询不满意,求方差D(\xi_{A}),D(\xi_{B}),D(\xi_{C})$" ['$D(\\xi_{A})=0.85\\times 0.15=0.1275,$\n\n$D(\\xi_{B})=0.95\\times 0.05=0.0475,$\n\n$D(\\xi_{C})=0.9\\times 0.1=0.09.$\n\n'] ['$0.1275,0.0475,0.09$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +1166 "$在平面直角坐标系xOy中,以原点O为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,点A,B的极坐标分别为A(2,\frac{5\pi}{4}),B(2,\frac{\pi}{4}),圆C_1以AB为直径,直线l的极坐标方程为\rho \cos(\theta +\frac{\pi}{4})=6.$ +$求圆 C_1 及直线 l 的直角坐标方程;$" ['$易知A,B在一条直线上,且极点O为线段AB的中点,|OA|=|OB|=2$,\n\n$\\therefore 圆C_1的极坐标方程为\\rho =2.$\n\n$由\\rho = \\sqrt{x^2+y^2} 得C_1的直角坐标方程为x^2+y^2=4.$\n\n$由\\rho cos\\left(\\theta +\\frac{\\pi }{4}\\right)=6得\\rho cos \\theta -\\rho sin \\theta -6\\sqrt{2}=0,$\n\n$\\because \\rho cos \\theta =x,\\rho sin \\theta =y$,\n\n$\\therefore l的直角坐标方程为x-y-6\\sqrt{2}=0.$'] ['$x^2+y^2=4,x-y-6\\sqrt{2}=0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Equation Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +1167 "$在直角坐标系xOy中,曲线C的参数方程为$ +$$ +\left\{ +\begin{matrix} +x=\sqrt{3}\cos 2t,\\ +y=2\sin t +\end{matrix} +\right. +$$ +$(t为参数).以坐标原点为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,已知直线l的极坐标方程为\rho sin\left(\theta +\frac{\pi }{3}\right)+m=0$ +写出l的直角坐标方程;" ['$由\\rho\\sin\\left(\\theta +\\frac{\\pi }{3}\\right)+m=0可得,$\n\n$\\rho\\left(\\sin \\theta \\cos \\frac{\\pi }{3}+\\cos \\theta \\sin \\frac{\\pi }{3}\\right)+m=0,$\n\n$即\\rho\\left(\\frac{1}{2}\\\\sin \\theta +\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}\\\\cos \\theta \\right)+m=0,$\n\n$\\therefore 直线l的直角坐标方程为\\frac{1}{2}y+\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}x+m=0,即\\sqrt{3}x+y+2m=0.$'] ['$\\sqrt{3}x+y+2m=0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +1168 "$已知曲线C_1,C_2的参数方程分别为C_1:$ +$$ +\begin{align*} +x & = 4\cos^2\theta ,\\ +y & = 4\sin^2\theta +\end{align*} +$$ +$(\theta 为参数),C_2:$ +$$ +\begin{align*} +x & = t+\frac{1}{t},\\ +y & = t-\frac{1}{t} +\end{align*} +$$ +(t为参数). +$以坐标原点为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系.设C_1,C_2的交点为P,求圆心在极轴上,且经过极点和P的圆的极坐标方程.$" ['解法一:由\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x+y=4,\\\\ x^2-y^2=4\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n得\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x=\\frac{5}{2},\\\\ y=\\frac{3}{2},\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n所以 P 点的直角坐标为\n$$\n\\left(\\frac{5}{2},\\frac{3}{2}\\right)\n$$\n因为 \n$$\n|OP|=\\sqrt{{\\left(\\frac{5}{2}\\right)}^2+{\\left(\\frac{3}{2}\\right)}^2} = \\frac{\\sqrt{34}}{2}\n$$\n$$\n\n$$\n$所以 P 点极坐标为$\n$$\n\\left(\\frac{\\sqrt{34}}{2},\\alpha \\right)\n$$\n其中 \n$$\ncos \\alpha =\\frac{5}{\\sqrt{34}}\n$$\n$如图,设所求圆与极轴交于 E 点,则\\angle OPE=90^\\circ , 所以 OE= \\frac{17}{5}$\n\n\n\n所以所求圆的极坐标方程为 $\\rho =\\frac{17}5cos \\theta$\n\n\n\n解法二:由\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x+y=4,\\\\ x^2-y^2=4\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n得\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x=\\frac{5}{2},\\\\ y=\\frac{3}{2},\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n所以 P 的直角坐标为\n$$\n\\left(\\frac{5}{2},\\frac{3}{2}\\right)\n$$\n$设所求圆的圆心的直角坐标为(x_0,0),则圆的极坐标方程为 \\rho =2x_0cos \\theta .$\n\n由题意得 $x^2_0=\\left(x_0-\\frac{5}{2}\\right)^2+\\frac{9}{4}$\n\n解得 $x_0=\\frac{17}{10}$\n\n因此,所求圆的极坐标方程为 $\\rho =\\frac{17}{5}\\cos \\theta$'] ['$\\rho =\\frac{17}{5} cos \\theta$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Polar Coordinates and Parametric Equations Math Chinese +1169 "$椭圆C: \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} =1(a>b>0)的左,右顶点分别为A_1,A_2,右焦点为F,已知|A_1F|=3,|A_2F|=1.$ +$已知点P是椭圆上一动点(不与顶点重合),直线A_2P交y轴于点Q,若\triangle A_1PQ的面积是\triangle A_2FP面积的二倍,求直线A_2P的方程.$" ['$由(1)可得,|A_2F|=\\frac{1}{4}|A_1A_2|, 所以 S_{\\triangle A_2FP}=\\frac{1}{4}S_{\\triangle PA_1A_2},$\n\n$又,S_{\\triangle A_1PQ}=2S_{\\triangle A_2FP}, 所以 S_{\\triangle A_1PQ}=\\frac{1}{2}S_{\\triangle PA_1A_2},$\n\n$所以 |PQ|=\\frac{1}{2}|PA_2|。$\n\n$设 P(x_0,y_0), 当 x_0<0 时, \\overrightarrow{PQ}=\\frac{1}{2}\\overrightarrow{PA_2},此时点 P 与 A_1 重合, 不合题意,$\n\n$当 x_0>0 时, 可得 \\overrightarrow{QP}=\\frac{1}{3}\\overrightarrow{QA_2},$\n\n$故 x_0=\\frac{2}{3}, 代入椭圆方程, 得 P \\left(\\frac{2}{3},\\pm \\frac{2\\sqrt{6}}{3}\\right),$\n\n$又 A_2(2,0),所以 k_{A_2P} =\\pm \\frac{\\sqrt{6}}{2},$\n\n$所以直线 A_2P 的方程为 y =\\pm \\frac{\\sqrt{6}}{2}(x-2).$'] ['$y =\\frac{\\sqrt{6}}{2}(x-2),y =-\\frac{\\sqrt{6}}{2}(x-2)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1170 "$已知椭圆C_1:\frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)的右焦点F与抛物线C_2的焦点重合,C_1的中心与C_2的顶点重合。过F且与x轴垂直的直线交C_1于A,B两点,交C_2于C,D两点,且|CD|=\frac{4}{3}|AB|.$ +$若C_1的四个顶点到C_2的准线距离之和为12,求C_1与C_2的标准方程.$" ['$由(1)知a=2c, b=\\sqrt{3}c, 故C_1:\\frac{x^2}{4c^2}+\\frac{y^2}{3c^2}=1. 所以C_1的四个顶点坐标分别为(2c,0),(-2c,0),(0,\\sqrt{3}c),(0,-\\sqrt{3}c),C_2的准线为x=-c.$\n$由已知得3c+c+c+c=12,即c=2. 所以C_1的标准方程为\\frac{x^2}{16}+\\frac{y^2}{12}=1, C_2的标准方程为y^2=8x.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{16}+\\frac{y^2}{12}=1, y^2=8x$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1171 "$已知抛物线E:y^2=2px(p>0)的焦点为F,准线为l,点P为E上的一点,过点P作直线l的垂线,垂足为M,且|MF|=|FP|,\overrightarrow{FM}\cdot \overrightarrow{FP}=32.$ +$已知\triangle BCD的三个顶点都在抛物线E上,顶点B(2,4),\triangle BCD重心恰好是抛物线E的焦点F,求CD所在的直线方程.$" ['$设C(x_1,y_1),D(x_2,y_2),由(1)可得焦点F(2,0),$\n\n由重心坐标公式得\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\n2=\\frac{x_1+x_2+2}{3},\\\\ \n0=\\frac{y_1+y_2+4}{3},\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n即\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\nx_1+x_2=4,\\\\ \ny_1+y_2=-4,\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n$\\therefore CD中点坐标为(2,-2),$\n\n$将C,D的坐标代入抛物线的方程可得$\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\ny^2_1=8x_1,\\\\ \ny^2_2=8x_2,\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n作差整理可得\n$$\n\\frac{y_1-y_2}{x_1-x_2}\n$$\n$=\\frac{8}{y_1+y_2}=\\frac{8}{-4}=-2,即直线CD的斜率k=-2,$\n\n$所以直线CD的方程为y+2=-2(x-2),即2x+y-2=0.$'] ['$2x+y-2=0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1172 "$设抛物线C: y^2=2x, 点A(2,0),B(-2,0),过点A的直线l与C交于M,N两点.$ +$当l与x轴垂直时,求直线BM的方程;$" ['$当l与x轴垂直时,l的方程为x=2,可得M的坐标为(2,2)或(2,-2).$\n\n$所以直线BM的方程为y=\\frac{1}{2}x+1或y=-\\frac{1}{2}x-1.$\n\n失分警示\n\n$忽略点M,N位置的转换性,使直线BM方程缺失,从而导致失分;$'] ['$y=\\frac{1}{2}x+1,y=-\\frac{1}{2}x-1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1173 "$已知双曲线C的中心为坐标原点,左焦点为(-2\sqrt{5},0),离心率为\sqrt{5}.$ +$求C的方程;$" ['$设双曲线的方程为\\frac{x^2}{a^2} - \\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>0, b>0),$\n\n$由题意可知c=2\\sqrt{5},又离心率e=\\frac{c}{a}=\\sqrt{5},\\therefore a=2,$\n\n$\\therefore b^2=c^2-a^2=20-4=16,$\n\n$\\therefore 双曲线C的方程为\\frac{x^2}{4} - \\frac{y^2}{16}=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4} - \\frac{y^2}{16}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1174 "$已知椭圆E: \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} =1 (a>b>0)的右顶点为A(2,0),离心率为\frac{1}{2}.过点P(6,0)与x轴不重合的直线l交椭圆E于不同的两点B,C,直线AB,AC分别交直线x=6于点M,N.$ +$求椭圆E的方程;$" ['由题意,知\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\na=2,\\\\ \n\\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{1}{2},\\\\ \na^2=b^2+c^2,\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n\n$解得b= \\sqrt{3}. $\n\n$故椭圆E的方程为 \\frac{x^2}{4} + \\frac{y^2}{3} =1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4} + \\frac{y^2}{3} =1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1175 "$已知椭圆C的两个顶点分别为A(-2,0),B(2,0),焦点在x轴上,离心率为 \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} .$ +求椭圆C的方程;" ['$设椭圆C的方程为\\frac{x^2}{a^2} + \\frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (a > b > 0)。$\n\n$由题意得\\begin{cases}a=2, \\\\ \\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2}, \\end{cases}解得c = \\sqrt{3}。所以b^2 = a^2 - c^2 = 1。$\n\n$所以椭圆C的方程为\\frac{x^2}{4} + y^2 = 1。$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4} + y^2 = 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1176 "$已知椭圆`C`:\frac{x^2}{25} + \frac{y^2}{m^2} = 1 (0 < m < 5) 的离心率为 \frac{\sqrt{15}}{4} ,`A`,`B` 分别为 `C` 的左、右顶点.$ +求C的方程;" ['$由题设可得 \\frac{\\sqrt{25-m^2}}{5} = \\frac{\\sqrt{15}}{4} ,得 m^{2} = \\frac{25}{16} ,所以 C 的方程为 \\frac{x^2}{25} + \\frac{y^2}{\\frac{25}{16}} =1.$'] ['${\\frac{x^2}{25}} + {\\frac{y^2}{\\frac{25}{16}}} =1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1177 "$已知椭圆E: \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (a>b>0)的离心率为 \frac{\sqrt{5}}{3} ,A,C分别是E的上、下顶点,B,D分别是E的左、右顶点,|AC|=4.$ +$求E的方程;$" ['$由题意知|AC|=2b=4,即b=2,$\n\n$又e=\\frac{c}{a}=\\sqrt{1-\\frac{b^2}{a^2}}=\\sqrt{1-\\frac{4}{a^2}}=\\frac{\\sqrt{5}}{3},\\therefore a^2=9.$\n\n$\\therefore E的方程为\\frac{x^2}{9}+\\frac{y^2}{4}=1.$'] ['${\\frac{x^2}{9}+\\frac{y^2}{4}=1}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1178 "$在直角坐标系xOy中,点P到x轴的距离等于点P到点(0,\frac{1}{2})的距离,记动点P的轨迹为W。$ +求W的方程;" ['$设P(x,y),由题意可得\\sqrt{(x-0)^2+\\left(y-\\frac{1}{2}\\right)^2}=|y|,整理得x^2 - y + \\frac{1}{4} = 0,因此W的方程为y = x^2+\\frac{1}{4}.$'] ['$y = x^2+\\frac{1}{4}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1179 "$设抛物线C: y^2=2px (p>0)的焦点为F,点D(p,0),过F的直线交C于M,N两点.当直线MD垂直于x轴时,|MF|=3$. +求C的方程;" ['$当直线MD垂直于x轴时,|MF|=p+\\frac{p}{2}=3,\\therefore p=2,\\therefore C的方程为y^2=4x.$'] ['$y^2=4x$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1180 "$设抛物线C: y^2=2px (p>0)的焦点为F,点D(p,0),过F的直线交C于M,N两点.当直线MD垂直于x轴时,|MF|=3$. +$设直线MD,ND与C的另一个交点分别为A,B,记直线MN,AB的倾斜角分别为\alpha ,\beta .当\alpha -\beta 取得最大值时,求直线AB的方程.$" ['$解法一:设M(x_1,y_1),N(x_2,y_2),A(x_3,y_3),B(x_4,y_4),直线MN的方程为x=my+1$\n由\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\nx=my+1,\\\\ \ny^2=4x\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n$得y^2-4my-4=0,$\n$\\Delta _1=16m^2+16>0恒成立,且y_1y_2=-4.$\n$由斜率公式可得k_{MN}=\\frac{y_1-y_2}{x_1-x_2}=\\frac{y_1-y_2}{\\frac{y^2_1}{4}-\\frac{y^2_2}{4}}=\\frac{4}{y_1+y_2},$\n$同理k_{AB}=\\frac{4}{y_3+y_4}.$\n$直线MD的方程为x=\\frac{x_1-2}{y_1}y+2,$\n$代入y^2=4x中可得y^2-\\frac{4(x_1-2)}{y_1}y-8=0.$\n$\\Delta _2>0且y_1y_3=-8,所以y_3=2y_2,同理y_4=2y_1,$\n$所以k_{AB}=\\frac{4}{y_3+y_4}=\\frac{2}{y_1+y_2}=\\frac{k_{MN}}{2},$\n$又因为直线MN,AB的倾斜角分别为\\alpha ,\\beta ,$\n$所以k_{AB}=tan \\beta =\\frac{k_{MN}}{2}=\\frac{\\tan \\alpha }{2},$\n$若要使\\alpha -\\beta 最大,则\\beta \\in (0,\\frac{\\pi }{2}).$\n$设k_{MN}=2k_{AB}=2k,k>0,则\\tan(\\alpha -\\beta )=\n\\frac{\\tan \\alpha -\\tan \\beta }{1+\\tan\\alpha\\tan\\beta}\n=\\frac{k}{1+2k^2}=\\frac{1}{\\frac{1}{k}+2k}\n\\leq \n\\frac{1}{2\\sqrt{\\frac{1}{k}\\cdot 2k}}=\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{4},$\n$当且仅当\\frac{1}{k}=2k,$\n$即k=\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2}$\n时,等号成立,\\\n$所以当\\alpha -\\beta 最大时,设直线AB的方程为x=\\sqrt{2}y+n,$\n由\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\nx=\\sqrt{2}y+n,\\\\ \ny^2=4x\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n$得y^2-4\\sqrt{2}y-4n=0,$\n$则y_3y_4=-4n=4y_1y_2=-16.$\n$所以n=4,所以直线AB的方程为x-\\sqrt{2}y-4=0.$\n$解法二:由题可知,当\\alpha -\\beta 取最大值时,直线MN的斜率存在.$\n$设M(x_1,y_1),N(x_2,y_2),A(x_3,y_3),B(x_4,y_4),直线MN:y=k(x-1),$\n由\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\ny=k(x-1),\\\\ \ny^2=4x\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n$得k^2x^2-(2k^2+4)x+k^2=0,$\n$所以x_1x_2=1,x_1+x_2=\\frac{2k^2+4}{k^2},则y_1y_2=k^2(x_1-1)(x_2-1)=-4.$\n$直线MD: y=\\frac{y_1}{x_1-2}(x-2),代入抛物线方程可得x_1x_3=4,同理,x_2x_4=4.$\n$结合抛物线方程可得y_1y_3=-8,所以y_3=2y_2,同理可得y_4=2y_1,$\n$所以k_{AB}=\\frac{y_4-y_3}{x_4-x_3}=\\frac{2(y_1-y_2)}{4\\left(\\frac{1}{x_2}-\\frac{1}{x_1}\\right)}=\\frac{y_2-y_1}{2(x_2-x_1)}=\\frac{1}{2}k_{MN}.$\n下同解法一.'] ['$x-\\sqrt{2}y-4=0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1181 "$已知点A,B是椭圆E: \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (a > b > 0) 的左,右顶点,椭圆E的短轴长为2,离心率为 \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}.$ +$求椭圆E的方程;$" ['由题意得\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}2b=2,\\\\ \\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2},\\\\ a^2=b^2+c^2,\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n解得\n$\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}a=2,\\\\ b=1,\\\\ c=\\sqrt{3},\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n所以椭圆 E 的方程为\n$\\frac{x^2}{4} + y^2 = 1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4} + y^2 = 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1182 "$已知椭圆C:\frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1过点A(-2,0),其右焦点为F(1,0).$ +求椭圆C的方程;" ['$由题意得a=2,c=1,所以b^2=a^2-c^2=3,所以椭圆C的方程为\\frac{x^2}{4} + \\frac{y^2}{3} = 1。$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4} + \\frac{y^2}{3} = 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1183 "$已知椭圆E: \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1(a>b>0)经过A(-2,0),B \left(-1,\frac{3}{2}\right)两点,设过点P(-2,1)的直线交椭圆E于M,N两点,过M且平行于y轴的直线与线段AB交于点T,点H满足 \overrightarrow{MT} = \overrightarrow{TH}.$ +求椭圆E的方程:" ['由题意得\n$$\n\\begin{cases}\n\\frac{4}{a^2}=1,\\\\ \n\\frac{1}{a^2}+\\frac{9}{4b^2}=1,\n\\end{cases}\n$$\n解得\n$$\n\\begin{cases}\na^2=4,\\\\ \nb^2=3,\n\\end{cases}\n$$\n所以椭圆E的方程为\n$\\frac{x^2}{4} + \\frac{y^2}{3} =1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4} + \\frac{y^2}{3} =1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1184 "$已知椭圆E: \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} =1 (a>b>0) 的一个顶点为A(0,1),焦距为2.$ +求椭圆E的方程;" ['$由题意得b=1,2c=2,所以c=1,所以a^2=b^2+c^2=2,所以椭圆E的方程为\\frac{x^2}{2}+y^2=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{2}+y^2=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1185 "$已知椭圆C:\frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (a > b > 0)经过点 \left(1,\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\right),离心率为 \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}.$ +$求椭圆 C 的方程;$" ['由题意得\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\n\\frac{1}{a^2}+\\frac{1}{2b^2}=1,\\\\ \n\\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2},\\\\ \na^2=b^2+c^2,\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n解得\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\na^2=2,\\\\ \nb^2=1,\\\\ \nc^2=1,\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n\n$所以椭圆C的方程为\\frac{x^2}{2}+y^2=1$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{2}+y^2=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1186 "$已知椭圆E:\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)过点B(0,1),且离心率为\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}。$ +$求椭圆E的标准方程;$" ['$因为椭圆E过点B(0,1),所以b=1,$\n\n$所以e=\\frac{c}{a}=\\sqrt{1-\\frac{b^2}{a^2}}=\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2},解得a=\\sqrt{2},$\n\n$所以椭圆E的标准方程为\\frac{x^2}{2}+y^2=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{2}+y^2=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1187 "$已知椭圆 C : \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1(a > b > 0)的离心率为 \frac{1}{2},长轴的左端点为 A(-2,0).$ +求C的方程;" ['$由 \\frac{c}{a} = \\frac{1}{2} ,a=2,可得 c=1,则 b = \\sqrt{a^2-c^2} = \\sqrt{3} ,所以椭圆 C 的方程为 \\frac{x^2}{4} + \\frac{y^2}{3} = 1。$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4} + \\frac{y^2}{3} = 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1188 "$已知椭圆C: x^2/a^2 + y^2/b^2 = 1 (a>b>0) 的左、右顶点分别为A, B, 且|AB|=4, 离心率为 \sqrt{3}/2.$ +$求椭圆C的方程;$" ['由题意得\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}2a=4,\\\\ \\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2},\\\\ a^2=b^2+c^2,\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n\n解得\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}a=2,\\\\ b=1.\\end{matrix}\\right.\n$$\n\n所以椭圆C的方程是\n\n$$\n\\frac{x^2}{4} + y^2 = 1\n$$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4} + y^2 = 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1189 "$已知椭圆C:x^2/a^2+y^2/b^2=1(a>b>0)经过点P(2,1),P到椭圆C的两个焦点的距离和为4\sqrt{2}.$ +求椭圆C的方程;" ['由题意得\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\n2a=4\\sqrt{2},\\\\ \n\\frac{4}{a^2}+\\frac{1}{b^2}=1,\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n\n$所以 a^2=8,b^2=2,所以椭圆 C 的方程为$\n\n$$\n\\frac{x^2}{8}+\\frac{y^2}{2}=1.\n$$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{8}+\\frac{y^2}{2}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1190 "$椭圆M: \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (a>b>0)的左顶点为А(-2,0),离心率为\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}.$ +求椭圆M的方程;" ['由题意得\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\na=2,\\\\ \n\\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{2},\\\\ \nb^2=a^2-c^2,\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n解得b=1.\n\n所以椭圆M的方程为\n\n$\\frac{x^2}{4} + y^2 = 1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4} + y^2 = 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1191 "$已知椭圆C : \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1 (a > b > 0) 的一个顶点为P(0,1),离心率为\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}.$ +求椭圆C的方程;" ['由题意知:\n$$\n\\begin{cases}\nb=1,\\\\ \n\\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2},\\\\ \na^2=b^2+c^2,\n\\end{cases}\n$$\n$解得a=\\sqrt{2}.$\n\n$所以椭圆C的方程为 \\frac{x^2}{2}+y^2=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{2}+y^2=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1192 "$一项试验旨在研究臭氧效应,试验方案如下:选40只小白鼠,随机地将其中20只分配到试验组,另外20只分配到对照组,试验组的小白鼠饲养在高浓度臭氧环境,对照组的小白鼠饲养在正常环境,一段时间后统计每只小白鼠体重的增加量(单位:g).$ + +$附:K^2=\frac{n(ad-bc)^2}{(a+b)(c+d)(a+c)(b+d)}$ + +| $P(K^2\geq k)$ | 0.100 | 0.050 | 0.010 | +| ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | +| $k$ | 2.706 | 3.841 | 6.635 | + +$设X表示指定的两只小白鼠中分配到对照组的只数,求X的数学期望;$" ['$依题意得,X的所有可能取值为0,1,2,$\n$则P(X=0)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^0_{20}\\mathrm{C}^2_{20}}{\\mathrm{C}^2_{40}}=\\frac{19}{78},$\n$P(X=1)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_{20}\\mathrm{C}^1_{20}}{\\mathrm{C}^2_{40}}=\\frac{20}{39},$\n$P(X=2)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^2_{20}\\mathrm{C}^0_{20}}{\\mathrm{C}^2_{40}}=\\frac{19}{78},$\n$\\therefore X的分布列为$\n\n| $X$ | 0 | 1 | 2 |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| $P$ | $\\frac{19}{78}$ | $\\frac{20}{39}$ | $\\frac{19}{78}$ |\n\n$\\therefore E(X)=\\frac{19}{78}\\times 0+\\frac{20}{39}\\times 1+\\frac{19}{78}\\times 2=1.$\n\n'] ['$1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +1193 "$已知O为坐标原点,点E(\frac{3}{4},0),过动点W作直线x=-\frac{1}{4}的垂线,垂足为F,\overrightarrow{OW}\cdot \overrightarrow{EF}=0,记W的轨迹为曲线C。$ +求曲线C的方程;" ['$设W(x,y),则F\\left(-\\frac{1}{4},y\\right),$\n\n$所以\\overrightarrow{OW}=(x,y),\\overrightarrow{EF}=(-1,y)。$\n\n$因为\\overrightarrow{OW} \\cdot \\overrightarrow{EF}=0,所以(x,y)\\cdot(-1,y)=-x+y^2=0,$\n\n$所以曲线C的方程为y^2=x.$'] ['$y^2=x$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1194 "$已知双曲线C: \frac{x^2}{a^2}-\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>0,b>0)的实轴长为2,点(\sqrt{7},-1)是抛物线E:x^2=2py(p>0)的准线与C的一个交点.$ +求双曲线C和抛物线E的方程;" ['$由题意得a=1,又点(\\sqrt{7},-1)在双曲线上,故7-\\frac{1}{b^2}=1,解得b^2=\\frac{1}{6},$\n$故双曲线C的方程为x^2-\\frac{y^2}{\\frac{1}{6}}=1.$\n$由点(\\sqrt{7},-1)过抛物线E:x^2=2py(p>0)的准线,得\\frac{p}{2}=1,即p=2,故抛物线E的方程为x^2=4y.$\n\n'] ['$x^2-\\frac{y^2}{\\frac{1}{6}}=1, x^2=4y$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1195 "$已知圆M与圆F_1:(x+2)^2+y^2=1外切,同时与圆F_2:(x-2)^2+y^2=49内切.$ +求动点M的轨迹方程;" ['$设圆M的半径为r,由圆M与圆F_1:(x+2)^2+y^2=1外切,得|MF_1|=r+1,$\n\n$由圆M与圆F_2:(x-2)^2+y^2=49内切,得|MF_2|=7-r,$\n\n$故|MF_1|+|MF_2|=8>|F_1F_2|,$\n\n$则动点M的轨迹是以F_1,F_2为焦点,长轴长为8的椭圆,$\n\n$故椭圆的短半轴长为\\sqrt{4^2-2^2}=2\\sqrt{3},$\n\n$故椭圆的方程为\\frac{x^2}{16}+\\frac{y^2}{12}=1.$\n\n'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{16}+\\frac{y^2}{12}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1196 "$已知F为抛物线T:x^2=2py (p>0)的焦点,点P在抛物线T上,O为坐标原点,\triangle OPF的外接圆与抛物线T的准线相切,且该圆的周长为3\pi .$ +求抛物线T的方程;" ['$易得F\\left(0,\\frac{p}{2}\\right),所以\\triangle OPF的外接圆圆心在直线y=\\frac{p}{4}上,又外接圆与准线y=-\\frac{p}{2}相切,所以外接圆的半径为\\frac{p}{4}+\\frac{p}{2}=\\frac{3}{4}p,所以周长为2\\pi \\cdot \\frac{3}{4}p=3\\pi ,所以p=2,故抛物线T的方程为x^2=4y.$\n\n'] ['$x^2-4y=0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1197 "$已知椭圆C:\frac{x^2}{a^2} +\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1 (a>b>0)的右焦点F(c,0)在直线\sqrt{3}x+y-2\sqrt{3}=0上,且离心率为\frac{1}{2}.$ +求椭圆C的方程;" ['$\\because 右焦点 F((c, 0))在直线 \\sqrt{3}x + y - 2\\sqrt{3} = 0上,$\n$\\therefore \\sqrt{3}c - 2\\sqrt{3} = 0,\\therefore c = 2。$\n\n$由题知 e = \\frac{c}{a}= \\frac{2}{a} = \\frac{1}{2},\\therefore a = 4,$\n$\\therefore b^2 = a^2 - c^2 = 16-4=12。$\n\n$所以椭圆 C的方程为 \\frac{x^2}{16} + \\frac{y^2}{12} = 1.$\n\n'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{16} + \\frac{y^2}{12} = 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1198 "$已知椭圆𝐶: \frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} =1 (𝑎>𝑏>0)过点 (1,\frac{\sqrt{6}}{3}) ,过其右焦点 F_2 且垂直于 x 轴的直线交椭圆 𝐶 于 A , B 两点,且|𝐴𝐵|= \frac{2\sqrt{3}}{3} .$ +求椭圆C的方程;" ['$由题知,椭圆C过点 (\\left(1,\\frac{\\sqrt{6}}{3}\\right) 和 \\left(c,\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{3}\\right),所以 $\n\n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\n\\frac{1}{a^2}+\\frac{2}{3b^2}=1,\\\\ \n\\frac{c^2}{a^2}+\\frac{1}{3b^2}=1,\\\\ \na^2=b^2+c^2,\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n解得 \n$$\n\\left\\{\n\\begin{matrix}\na^2=3,\\\\ \nb^2=1.\n\\end{matrix}\n\\right.\n$$\n$所以椭圆C的方程为 \\frac{x^2}{3} + y^2 = 1.$\n\n'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{3} + y^2 = 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1199 "$已知椭圆E:\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)的左、右焦点分别为F_1,F_2,离心率e=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2},P为椭圆上一动点,\triangle PF_1F_2面积的最大值为2.$ +求椭圆E的方程;" ['当P为短轴端点时,\\triangle PF_1F_2的面积最大,即bc=2,\n又\n$$\n\\begin{equation}\n\\begin{cases}\n\\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2},\\\\ \na^2=b^2+c^2,\\\\\n\\end{cases}\n\\end{equation}\n$$\n$\\therefore a=2,b=c= \\sqrt{2},$\n$故椭圆E的方程为 \\frac{x^2}{4} + \\frac{y^2}{2} =1.$\n\n'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4} + \\frac{y^2}{2} = 1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1200 "$已知抛物线C_1:y^2=4x与椭圆C_2:\frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)有公共的焦点,C_2的左、右焦点分别为F_1,F_2,该椭圆的离心率为\frac{1}{2}.$ +$求椭圆C_2的方程;$" ['$由题意可得,抛物线的焦点为(1,0),$\n$所以椭圆的半焦距c=1,又椭圆的离心率e=\\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{1}{2},$\n$所以a=2,则b^2=a^2-c^2=4-1=3,即b=\\sqrt{3},$\n$所以椭圆C_2的方程为\\frac{x^2}{4}+\\frac{y^2}{3}=1.$\n\n'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4}+\\frac{y^2}{3}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1201 "甲、乙两位同学进行摸球游戏,盒中装有6个大小和质地相同的球,其中有4个白球,2个红球. +$甲、乙两人先后轮流不放回地摸球,每次摸1个球,当摸出第二个红球时游戏结束,或能判断出第二个红球被哪位同学摸到时游戏也结束.设游戏结束时甲、乙两人摸球的总次数为X,求X的数学期望.$" ['$依题意得X的取值为2,3,4,5,P(X=2)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^2_2}{\\mathrm{C}^2_6}=\\frac{1}{15},$\n$X=3,就是前两个球中1个是红球,1个是白球,第3个是红球,则P(X=3)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_4\\mathrm{C}^1_2}{\\mathrm{C}^2_6}\\cdot \\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_1}{\\mathrm{C}^1_4}=\\frac{2}{15},$\n$X=4,就是前三个球中2个是白球,1个是红球,第4个是红球,或前四个全是白球,$\n$则P(X=4)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^2_4\\mathrm{C}^1_2}{\\mathrm{C}^3_6}\\cdot \\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_1}{\\mathrm{C}^1_3}+\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^4_4}{\\mathrm{C}^4_6}=\\frac{4}{15},$\n$X=5,就是前四个球中3个是白球,1个是红球,第5个是红球,或前四个球中3个是白球,1个是红球,第5个是白球,$\n$则P(X=5)=\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^3_4 \\cdot \\mathrm{C}^1_2}{\\mathrm{C}^4_6}\\cdot \\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_1}{\\mathrm{C}^1_2}+\\frac{\\mathrm{C}^3_4 \\cdot \\mathrm{C}^1_2}{\\mathrm{C}^4_6}\\cdot \\frac{\\mathrm{C}^1_1}{\\mathrm{C}^1_2}=\\frac{8}{15}. $\n$所以X的分布列为$\n\n| X | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |\n|-----|---|---|---|---|\n| P | $\\frac{1}{15}$ | $\\frac{2}{15}$ | $\\frac{4}{15}$ | $\\frac{8}{15}$ |\n\n$数学期望E(X)=2\\times \\frac{1}{15}+3\\times \\frac{2}{15}+4\\times \\frac{4}{15}+5\\times \\frac{8}{15}=\\frac{64}{15}.$\n\n'] ['$\\frac{64}{15}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +1202 "$已知椭圆C:\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1的右焦点为(1,0),且经过点A(0,1)。$ +$求椭圆C的方程;$" ['$由题意得,b^2=1,c=1.所以a^2=b^2+c^2=2.所以椭圆C的方程为 \\frac{x^2}{2}+y^2=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{2}+y^2=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1203 "$已知椭圆C:\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)过点\left(1,\frac{\sqrt{6}}{3}\right),过其右焦点F_2且垂直于x轴的直线交椭圆C于A,B两点,且|AB|=\frac{2\sqrt{3}}{3}.$ +求椭圆C的方程;" ['$由题意知,椭圆C过点(1,\\frac{\\sqrt{6}}{3})和(c,\\frac{\\sqrt{3}}{3}),$\n\n$所以\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}\\frac{1}{a^2}+\\frac{2}{3b^2}=1,\\\\ \\frac{c^2}{a^2}+\\frac{1}{3b^2}=1,\\\\ a^2=b^2+c^2,\\end{matrix}\\right.解得\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}a^2=3,\\\\ b^2=1,\\end{matrix}\\right.$\n\n$所以椭圆C的方程为\\frac{x^2}{3}+y^2=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{3}+y^2=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Conic Sections Math Chinese +1204 "甲、乙两个学校进行体育比赛,比赛共设三个项目,每个项目胜方得10分,负方得0分,没有平局.三个项目比赛结束后,总得分高的学校获得冠军.已知甲学校在三个项目中获胜的概率分别为0.5,0.4,0.8,各项目的比赛结果相互独立. +用X表示乙学校的总得分,求X的期望." ['$记“乙学校在第j个项目获胜”为事件B_j(j=1,2,3).X的所有可能取值为0,10,20,30.$\n\n$则P(X=0)=P(\\overline{B}_1\\overline{B}_2\\overline{B}_3)=\\frac{1}{2}\\times \\frac{2}{5}\\times \\frac{4}{5}=\\frac{4}{25},$\n\n$P(X=10)=P(B_1\\overline{B}_2\\overline{B}_3)+P(\\overline{B}_1B_2\\overline{B}_3)+P(\\overline{B}_1\\overline{B}_2B_3)$\n\n$=\\frac{1}{2}\\times \\frac{2}{5}\\times \\frac{4}{5}+\\frac{1}{2}\\times \\frac{3}{5}\\times \\frac{4}{5}+\\frac{1}{2}\\times \\frac{2}{5}\\times \\frac{1}{5}=\\frac{11}{25},$\n\n$P(X=20)=P(B_1B_2\\overline{B}_3)+P(B_1\\overline{B}_2B_3)+P(\\overline{B}_1B_2B_3)$\n\n$=\\frac{1}{2}\\times \\frac{3}{5}\\times \\frac{4}{5}+\\frac{1}{2}\\times \\frac{2}{5}\\times \\frac{1}{5}+\\frac{1}{2}\\times \\frac{3}{5}\\times \\frac{1}{5}=\\frac{17}{50},$\n\n$P(X=30)=P(B_1B_2B_3)=\\frac{1}{2}\\times \\frac{3}{5}\\times \\frac{1}{5}=\\frac{3}{50}.$\n\n$\\therefore X的分布列为$\n\n| $X$ | 0 | 10 | 20 | 30 |\n|---------- |-------------| -------------|-------------|-------------|\n| $P$ | $\\frac{4}{25}$ | $\\frac{11}{25}$ | $\\frac{17}{50}$ | $\\frac{3}{50}$ |\n\n$\\therefore E(X)=0\\times \\frac{4}{25}+10\\times \\frac{11}{25}+20\\times \\frac{17}{50}+30\\times \\frac{3}{50}=13.$\n\n'] ['$13$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +1205 "$已知函数f(x)=xlnx+kx,k \in R.$ +求y=f(x)在点(1, f(1))处的切线方程;" "[""$函数y=f(x)的定义域为(0,+\\infty ), f'(x)=ln x+1+k, f'(1)=1+k,$\n$\\because f(1)=k,\\therefore 所求切线方程为y- k=(k+1)(x-1),即y=(k+1)x-1.$""]" ['$y=(k+1)x-1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Elementary Functions Math Chinese +1206 "$已知函数f(x)=ln x -ax (a \in R).$ +$当a=1时,求曲线y=f(x)在点(1, f(1))处的切线方程;$" "[""$当a=1时, f(x)=lnx-x, f'(x)=\\frac{1-x}{x},$\n$故f(1)=-1, f'(1)=0,$\n$故切线方程是y+1=0,即y=-1.$""]" ['$y=-1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1207 "$已知函数f(x)=x^2e^{x}-1,g(x)=e^{x}-ax,a \in R.$ +$求曲线 y = f(x) 在点(0, f(0))处的切线方程;$" "[""$由题意得, f'(x) = (2x+x^2) e^x.$\n\n$所以f(0) = -1, f'(0) = 0.$\n\n$所以曲线y = f(x)在点(0, f(0))处的切线方程为y = -1.$""]" ['$y = -1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1208 "$已知函数 f(x)=ax^2+bx+4lnx 的极值点为1和2.$ +$求实数a,b的值.$" "[""$f'(x) = 2ax + b + \\frac{4}{x}, x \\in (0, +\\infty), $\n\n$由 \\begin{cases} f'(1) = 2a + b + 4 = 0, \\\\ f'(2) = 4a + b + 2 = 0, \\end{cases} 解得 \\begin{cases} a=1, \\\\ b=-6. \\end{cases}$""]" ['$a=1, b=-6$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1209 "$已知函数f(x)=\frac{3x+4}{x^2+1}.$ +$求曲线y=f(x)在点(0, f(0))处的切线方程;$" "[""$因为 f'(x)=\\frac{3-8x-3x^2}{(x^2+1)^2},所以 f'(0)=3,$\n$又 f(0)=4,所以点(0, f(0))处的切线方程为 y-4=3x,即 3x-y+4=0.$""]" ['$3x-y+4=0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1210 "$已知函数f(x)=x^3+klnx(k\in R), f'(x)为f(x)的导函数.$ +$当k=6时,求曲线y=f(x)在点(1, f(1))处的切线方程;$" "[""$当k=6时, f(x)=x^3+6lnx,故f'(x)=3x^2+\\frac{6}{x}. 可得f(1)=1, f'(1)=9,所以曲线y=f(x)在点(1, f(1))处的切线方程为y-1=9(x-1),即y=9x-8.$""]" ['$y=9x-8$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1211 "$已知函数f(x)=(x-1)e^{x}-\frac{1}{2}ax^{2}(a \in \mathbb{R}).$ +$当a=0时,求曲线y=f(x)在x=0处的切线方程;$" "[""$当a=0时, f(x)=(x-1)e^{x}, f'(x)=xe^{x},切点为(0,-1),f'(0)=0.$\n$所求切线方程为y=-1.$""]" ['$y=-1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Derivative Math Chinese +1212 "$已知函数f(x)=|x-2|,g(x)=|2x+3|-|2x-1|.$ +$若f(x+a)\geq g(x),求a的取值范围.$" ['$函数f(x+a)的图象是由f(x)的图象向左或向右平移|a|个单位长度所得,由(1)中图象可知,要使f(x+a)\\geq g(x),则需要f(x)的图象向左平移a个单位长度,且a>0,当f(x+a)的图象过点\\left(\\frac{1}{2},4\\right)时,\\left|\\frac{1}{2}+a-2\\right|=4,解得a=\\frac{11}{2},\\therefore 要使f(x+a)\\geq g(x),则a\\geq \\frac{11}{2},\\therefore a的取值范围为\\left[\\frac{11}{2},+\\infty \\right).$'] ['$[11/2, +\\infty )$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Plane Geometry Math Chinese +1213 "$已知函数f(x)=\left\{\begin{matrix}x^2-x,x\leq 1,\\ x-1,x>1.\end{matrix}\right.$ +$若f(a)=2,求实数a的值;$" ['$当a\\leq 1时,令f(a)=2,即a^{2}-a=2,解得a=-1或a=2(不合题意,舍去);当a>1时,令f(a)=2,即a-1=2,解得a=3.故当f(a)=2时,a=-1或a=3.$'] ['$-1, 3$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Plane Geometry Math Chinese +1214 "$已知函数f(x)=\left\{\begin{matrix}x^2-x,x\leq 1,\\ x-1,x>1.\end{matrix}\right.$ +$(3)若直线y=k与函数f(x)的图象没有公共点,直接写出k的范围.$" ['$k的取值范围为\\left(-\\infty ,-\\frac{1}{4}\\right).$'] ['$(-\\infty , -1/4)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Interval Open-ended Plane Geometry Math Chinese +1215 "$已知点P是椭圆C上的任意一点,P到直线l_{1}:x=-2的距离为d_{1},与点F(-1,0)的距离为d_{2},且\frac{d_2}{d_1}=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}.$ +$求椭圆C的方程;$" ['$设P(x,y),则d_{1}=|x+2|,d_{2}=\\sqrt{{(x+1)}^2+y^2},\\therefore \\frac{d_2}{d_1}=\\frac{\\sqrt{{(x+1)}^2+y^2}}{|x+2|}=\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{2},化简得\\frac{x^2}{2}+y^{2}=1,\\therefore 椭圆C的方程为\\frac{x^2}{2}+y^{2}=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{2}+y^{2}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Plane Geometry Math Chinese +1216 "$已知F为抛物线T:x^{2}=2py(p>0)的焦点,点P在抛物线T上,O为坐标原点,\triangle OPF的外接圆与抛物线T的准线相切,且该圆的周长为3\pi .$ +$求抛物线T的方程;$" ['$易得F\\left(0,\\frac{p}{2}\\right),所以\\triangle OPF的外接圆圆心在直线y=\\frac{p}{4}上,又外接圆与准线y=-\\frac{p}{2}相切,所以外接圆的半径为\\frac{p}{4}+\\frac{p}{2}=\\frac{3}{4}p,所以周长为2\\pi \\cdot \\frac{3}{4}p=3\\pi ,所以p=2,故抛物线T的方程为x^{2}=4y.$'] ['$x^{2}=4y$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Plane Geometry Math Chinese +1217 "$已知抛物线C_{1}:y^{2}=4x与椭圆C_{2}:\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)有公共的焦点,C_{2}的左、右焦点分别为F_{1},F_{2},该椭圆的离心率为\frac{1}{2}.$ +$求椭圆C_{2}的方程;$" ['$由题意可得,抛物线的焦点为(1,0),所以椭圆的半焦距c=1,又椭圆的离心率e=\\frac{c}{a}=\\frac{1}{2},所以a=2,则b^{2}=a^{2}-c^{2}=4-1=3,即b=\\sqrt{3},所以椭圆C_{2}的方程为\\frac{x^2}{4}+\\frac{y^2}{3}=1.$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4}+\\frac{y^2}{3}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Plane Geometry Math Chinese +1218 "$某商业银行对存款利率与日均存款总额的关系进行调研,发现存款利率每上升一定的百分点,日均存款总额就会发生一定的变化,经过统计得到下表: +利率上升百分点x +0.1 +0.2 +0.3 +0.4 +0.5 +日均存款总额y(亿元) +0.2 +0.35 +0.5 +0.65 +0.8 +参考公式及数据:①在回归直线方程\hat{y}=\hat{b}x+\hat{a}中,\hat{b}=\frac{\sum \limits^{n}_{{i=1}}x_iy_i-n{\overline{x}}{\overline{y}}}{\sum \limits^{n}_{{i=1}}x^2_i-n{\overline{x}} ^2},\hat{a}=\overline{y}-\hat{b}\overline{x}.②\sum \limits^{5}_{{i=1}}x_{i}y_{i}=0.9,\sum \limits^{5}_{{i=1}}x^2_i=0.55.$ +$根据上表提供的数据,用最小二乘法求出y关于x的回归直线方程\hat{y}=\hat{b}x+\hat{a};$" ['$由题表中数据可得\\overline{x}=\\frac{1}{5}\\times (0.1+0.2+0.3+0.4+0.5)=0.3,\\overline{y}=\\frac{1}{5}\\times (0.2+0.35+0.5+0.65+0.8)=0.5,(4分)所以\\hat{b}=\\frac{\\sum \\limits^{5}_{{i=1}}x_iy_i-5{\\overline{x}}{\\overline{y}}}{\\sum \\limits^{5}_{{i=1}}x^2_i-5{\\overline{x}} ^2}=\\frac{0.9-5\\times 0.3\\times 0.5}{0.55-5\\times 0.3\\times 0.3}=1.5,(6分)\\hat{a}=\\overline{y}-\\hat{b}\\overline{x}=0.5-1.5\\times 0.3=0.05,故\\hat{y}=1.5x+0.05.(8分)$'] ['$\\hat{y}=1.5x+0.05$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +1219 "$某商业银行对存款利率与日均存款总额的关系进行调研,发现存款利率每上升一定的百分点,日均存款总额就会发生一定的变化,经过统计得到下表: +利率上升百分点x +0.1 +0.2 +0.3 +0.4 +0.5 +日均存款总额y(亿元) +0.2 +0.35 +0.5 +0.65 +0.8 +参考公式及数据:①在回归直线方程\hat{y}=\hat{b}x+\hat{a}中,\hat{b}=\frac{\sum \limits^{n}_{{i=1}}x_iy_i-n{\overline{x}}{\overline{y}}}{\sum \limits^{n}_{{i=1}}x^2_i-n{\overline{x}} ^2},\hat{a}=\overline{y}-\hat{b}\overline{x}.②\sum \limits^{5}_{{i=1}}x_{i}y_{i}=0.9,\sum \limits^{5}_{{i=1}}x^2_i=0.55.$ +$已知现行利率下的日均存款总额为0.625亿元,试根据(2)中求得的回归直线方程,预测日均存款总额为现行利率下的2倍时,利率需上升多少个百分点.$" ['$由(2)得\\hat{y}=1.5x+0.05,令\\hat{y}=0.625\\times 2,即0.625\\times 2=1.5x+0.05,(10分)解得x=0.8,所以利率需上升0.8个百分点.(12分)$'] ['$0.8$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +1220 "$为践行“更快、更高、更强、更团结”的奥林匹克格言,落实全民健身国家战略,某校高二年级发起了“发扬奥林匹克精神,锻炼健康体魄”的年度主题活动,经过一段时间后,学生的身体素质明显提高. +附:经验回归方程\hat{y}=\hat{b}x+\hat{a}中,\hat{b}=\frac{\sum \limits^{n}_{{i=1}}x_iy_i-n\overline{x}\cdot \overline{y}}{\sum \limits^{n}_{{i=1}}x^2_i-n{\overline{x}} ^2},\hat{a}=\overline{y}-\hat{b}\overline{x};参考数据:\sum \limits^{6}_{{i=1}}z_{i}=23.57,\sum \limits^{6}_{{i=1}}x_{i}z_{i}=77.88,\sum \limits^{6}_{{i=1}}x^2_i=91,ln 10\approx 2.30.$ +$在某次足球训练课上,球首先由A队员控制,此后足球仅在A、B、C三名队员之间传递,假设每名队员控球时传给其他队员的概率如下表所示: +控球队员 +A +B +C +接球队员 +B +C +A +C +A +B +概率 +m +1-m +\frac{2}{3} +\frac{1}{3} +\frac{2}{3} +\frac{1}{3} +若传球3次,B队员控球次数的期望值是C队员控球次数的期望值的两倍,求实数m的值.$" ['$设随机变量X、Y分别表示B、C队员的控球次数,由题意得X的可能取值为0,1,2.P(X=0)=(1-m)\\times \\frac{2}{3}\\times (1-m)=\\frac{2}{3}(1-m)^{2},P(X=2)=m\\times \\frac{2}{3}\\times m+m\\times \\frac{1}{3}\\times \\frac{1}{3}=\\frac{2}{3}m^{2}+\\frac{1}{9}m,P(X=1)=1-P(X=0)-P(X=2)=-\\frac{4}{3}m^{2}+\\frac{11}{9}m+\\frac{1}{3},所以X的分布列为\nX\n0\n1\n2\nP\n\\frac{2}{3}(1-m)^{2}\n-\\frac{4}{3}m^{2}+\\frac{11}{9}m+\\frac{1}{3}\n\\frac{2}{3}m^{2}+\\frac{1}{9}m\n所以E(X)=0\\times \\frac{2}{3}(1-m)^{2}+1\\times \\left(-\\frac{4}{3}m^2+\\frac{11}{9}m+\\frac{1}{3}\\right)+2\\times \\left(\\frac{2}{3}m^2+\\frac{1}{9}m\\right)=\\frac{13m+3}{9}.\n(8分)\n同理可得Y的分布列为\nY\n0\n1\n2\nP\n\\frac{2}{3}m^{2}\n-\\frac{4}{3}m^{2}+\\frac{13}{9}m+\\frac{2}{9}\n\\frac{2}{3}m^{2}-\\frac{13}{9}m+\\frac{7}{9}\n所以E(Y)=0\\times \\frac{2}{3}m^{2}+1\\times \\left(-\\frac{4}{3}m^2+\\frac{13}{9}m+\\frac{2}{9}\\right)+2\\times \\left(\\frac{2}{3}m^2-\\frac{13}{9}m+\\frac{7}{9}\\right)=\\frac{-13m+16}{9}.\n(10分)\n由E(X)=2E(Y),得\\frac{13m+3}{9}=2\\times \\frac{-13m+16}{9},解得m=\\frac{29}{39}.\n(12分)$'] ['$\\frac{29}{39}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +1221 "$已知函数y=2\\sin \left(\frac{1}{2}x+\frac{\pi }{4}\right)(x\in R).$ +$说明该函数的图象可由y=\\sin x(x\in R)的图象经过怎样的变换得到.$" ['$先将y=\\\\sin x的图象向左平移\\frac{\\pi }{4}个单位长度,可得y=\\\\sin \\left(x+\\frac{\\pi }{4}\\right)的图象,再将所得图象上所有点的横坐标伸长为原来的2倍,纵坐标不变,可得y=\\\\sin \\left(\\frac{1}{2}x+\\frac{\\pi }{4}\\right)的图象,最后将所得图象上所有点的纵坐标伸长为原来的2倍,横坐标不变,可得y=2\\\\sin \\left(\\frac{1}{2}x+\\frac{\\pi }{4}\\right)的图象.$'] ['$y=2\\sin (\\frac12x+\\frac{\\pi} 4)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +1222 "$已知函数f(x)=2\\sin \left(2x+\frac{\pi }{3}\right).$ +$求f(x)的最小正周期T;$" ['$f(x)的最小正周期T=\\frac{2\\pi }{2}=\\pi .(3分)$'] ['$\\pi$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +1223 "$已知函数f(x)=2\\sin \left(2x+\frac{\pi }{3}\right).$ +$求f(x)的单调递增区间;可用k表示任意整数$" ['$令-\\frac{\\pi }{2}+2k\\pi \\leq 2x+\\frac{\\pi }{3}\\leq \\frac{\\pi }{2}+2k\\pi ,k\\in Z,得-\\frac{5\\pi }{12}+k\\pi \\leq x\\leq \\frac{\\pi }{12}+k\\pi ,k\\in Z.(6分)所以f(x)的单调递增区间是\\left[-\\frac{5\\pi }{12}+k\\pi ,\\frac{\\pi }{12}+k\\pi \\right],k\\in Z.(7分)$\n\n'] ['$[-5\\pi /12 + k\\pi , \\pi /12 + k\\pi ]$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Interval Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +1224 "$在\triangle ABC中,角A,B,C的对边分别为a,b,c.已知a=3,c=\sqrt{2},B=45^\circ .$ +$求\\sin C的值;$" ['$在\\triangle ABC中,因为a=3,c=\\sqrt{2},B=45^\\circ ,所以由余弦定理可得b^{2}=a^{2}+c^{2}-2ac\\\\cos B=9+2-2\\times 3\\times \\sqrt{2}\\times \\\\cos 45^\\circ =5,所以b=\\sqrt{5}.在\\triangle ABC中,由正弦定理得\\frac{b}{\\\\\\sin B}=\\frac{c}{\\\\\\sin C},即\\frac{\\sqrt{5}}{\\\\\\sin 45 ^{\\circ} }=\\frac{\\sqrt{2}}{\\\\\\sin C},所以\\\\sin C=\\frac{\\sqrt{5}}{5}.$'] ['$\\frac{\\sqrt 5}5$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Trigonometric Functions Math Chinese +1225 "$已知函数f(x)=\left\{\begin{matrix}x+6,x<-3,\\ x^2+2x,-3\leq x\leq 0,\\ \frac{1}{x},x>0.\end{matrix}\right.$ +$直接写出函数f(x)的定义域、单调区间及值域.$" ['$函数f(x)的定义域为R,单调递增区间为(-\\infty ,-3)和(-1,0),单调递减区间为(-3,-1)和(0,+\\infty ),值域为R.$'] ['$(-\\infin, +\\infin)$, $(-\\infty , -3)\\cup (-1, 0)$, $(-\\infin, +\\infin)$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Interval Open-ended Plane Geometry Math Chinese +1226 "$鱼卷是泉州十大名小吃之一,不但本地人喜欢,还深受外来游客的赞赏.小张从事鱼卷生产和批发多年,有着不少来自零售商和酒店的客户.当地的习俗是农历正月不生产鱼卷,客户正月所需要的鱼卷都会在前一年的农历十二月月底进行一次性采购.小张把去年年底采购鱼卷的数量x(单位:箱)在[100,200]内的客户称为“熟客”,并把他们去年采购的数量绘制成下表: +采购数量x(单位:箱) +[100,120) +[120,140) +[140,160) +[160,180) +[180,200] +客户数 +10 +10 +5 +20 +5 +$ +$(2)若去年年底“熟客”采购的鱼卷数量占小张去年年底总的销售量的\frac{5}{8},估算小张去年年底总的销售量(同一组中的数据用该组区间的中点值作代表);$" ['$由题中表格可知,去年年底“熟客”所采购的鱼卷总数量约为110\\times 10+130\\times 10+150\\times 5+170\\times 20+190\\times 5=7 500(箱),故小张去年年底总的销售量为7 500\\div \\frac{5}{8}=12 000(箱).$'] ['12000'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +1227 "$鱼卷是泉州十大名小吃之一,不但本地人喜欢,还深受外来游客的赞赏.小张从事鱼卷生产和批发多年,有着不少来自零售商和酒店的客户.当地的习俗是农历正月不生产鱼卷,客户正月所需要的鱼卷都会在前一年的农历十二月月底进行一次性采购.小张把去年年底采购鱼卷的数量x(单位:箱)在[100,200]内的客户称为“熟客”,并把他们去年采购的数量绘制成下表: +采购数量x(单位:箱) +[100,120) +[120,140) +[140,160) +[160,180) +[180,200] +客户数 +10 +10 +5 +20 +5 +$ +$(3)由于鱼卷受到游客的青睐,小张做了一份市场调查以决定今年年底是否在网上出售鱼卷,若没有在网上出售鱼卷,则按去年的价格出售,每箱利润为20元,预计销售量与去年持平;若计划在网上出售鱼卷,则需把每箱售价下调2至5元(网上、网下均下调),且每下调m元(2\leq m\leq 5)销售量可增加1 000m箱,求小张在今年年底收入Y(单位:元)的最大值.$" ['$若没有在网上出售鱼卷,则今年年底小张的收入为12 000\\times 20=240 000(元);若在网上出售鱼卷,则今年年底的销售量为(12 000+1 000m)箱,每箱的利润为(20-m)元,则今年年底小张的收入Y=(20-m)(12 000+1 000m)=1 000(-m^{2}+8m+240)=1 000[-(m-4)^{2}+256](2\\leq m\\leq 5),当m=4时,Y有最大值,最大值为256 000.\\because 256 000>240 000,\\therefore 小张在今年年底收入Y的最大值为256 000.$'] ['$256000$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +1228 "$在一次高三年级统一考试中,数学试卷有一道满分为10分的选做题,学生可以从A,B两道题目中任选一题作答.某校有900名高三学生参加了本次考试,为了了解该校学生选做题的得分情况,计划从900名考生的选做题成绩中随机抽取一个容量为10的样本,为此将900名考生选做题的成绩依次编号为001,002,\ldots ,900.$ +$(2)采用分层随机抽样的方法按照学生选择A题目或B题目,将成绩分为两层,且样本中A题目的成绩有8个,平均数为7分,方差为4;样本中B题目的成绩有2个,平均数为8分,方差为1.试估计这900名考生选做题得分的平均数与方差.$" ['$记样本中8个A题目的成绩平均数为\\overline{x}_{A},方差为s^2_A,2个B题目的成绩平均数为\\overline{x}_{B},方差为s^2_B,则样本平均数\\overline{x}=\\frac{8}{8+2}\\times \\overline{x}_{A}+\\frac{2}{8+2}\\times \\overline{x}_{B}=\\frac{4}{5}\\times 7+\\frac{1}{5}\\times 8=7.2(分),(8分)样本方差s^{2}=\\frac{8}{8+2}\\times [s^2_A+(\\overline{x}_{A}-\\overline{x})^{2}]+\\frac{2}{8+2}\\times [s^2_B+(\\overline{x}_{B}-\\overline{x})^{2}]=\\frac{4}{5}\\times [4+(7-7.2)^{2}]+\\frac{1}{5}\\times [1+(8-7.2)^{2}]=3.56.(11分)故估计这900名考生选做题得分的平均数为7.2分,方差为3.56.(12分)$'] ['$7.2, 3.56$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +1229 "$共享单车入住某市以来,因其“绿色出行,低碳环保”的理念而备受人们的喜爱.某机构为了解共享单车使用者的年龄段、使用频率和满意度三个方面的信息,在全市范围内发放5 000份调查问卷,回收到有效问卷3 125份,现从中随机抽取80份,分别对使用者的年龄段、26~35岁使用者的使用频率、26~35岁使用者的满意度进行汇总,得到下表: +表一 +使用者年龄段 +25岁及以下 +26~35岁 +36~45岁 +46岁及以上 +人数 +20 +40 +10 +10 +表二 +使用频率 +0~6次/月 +7~14次/月 +15~22次/月 +23~31次/月 +人数 +5 +10 +20 +5 +表三 +满意度 +非常满意[9,10] +满意[8,9) +一般[7,8) +不满意[6,7) +人数 +15 +10 +10 +5 +$ +$(2)某城区现有常住人口30万,请用样本估计总体的思想,试估计年龄在26~35岁之间每月使用共享单车在7~14次的人数.$" ['$由表一可知,年龄在26~35岁之间的有40人,占总抽取人数的一半,用样本估计总体的思想可知,该城区30万人口中年龄在26~35岁之间的约有30\\times \\frac{1}{2}=15(万人).又年龄在26~35岁之间每月使用共享单车在7~14次之间的有10人,占此年龄段总抽取人数的\\frac{1}{4},用样本估计总体的思想可知,年龄在26~35岁之间每月使用共享单车在7~14次之间的约有15\\times \\frac{1}{4}=\\frac{15}{4}(万人).$'] ['$\\frac{15}{4}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +1230 "$某市为了鼓励市民节约用电,实行“阶梯式”电价,将该市每户居民的月用电量划分为三档,月用电量不超过200千瓦时的部分按0.5元/千瓦时收费,超过200千瓦时但不超过400千瓦时的部分按0.8元/千瓦时收费,超过400千瓦时的部分按1.0元/千瓦时收费.$ +$(1)求某户居民一个月的电费y(单位:元)关于月用电量x(单位:千瓦时)的函数解析式;假设2001 848,所以每天从云南鲜花基地空运250枝百合花,才能使四月后20天百合花的销售总利润更大.(12分)$'] ['250'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Numerical Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +1234 "$为了监控某种零件的一条生产线的生产过程,检验员每天从该生产线上随机抽取16个零件,并测量其尺寸(单位:cm).根据长期生产经验,可以认为这条生产线在正常状态下生产的零件的尺寸服从正态分布N(\mu ,\sigma ^{2}). +附:①若随机变量Z服从正态分布N(\mu ,\sigma ^{2}),则P(\mu -3\sigma \leq Z\leq \mu +3\sigma )\approx 0.997.②0.997^{16}\approx 0.953,\sqrt{0.008}\approx 0.09.$ +$(1)假设生产状态正常,记X为一天内抽取的16个零件中其尺寸在[\mu -3\sigma ,\mu +3\sigma ]之外的零件数,求P(X\geq 1)及X的数学期望;$" ['$抽取的1个零件的尺寸在[\\mu -3\\sigma ,\\mu +3\\sigma ]内的概率为0.997,从而零件的尺寸在[\\mu -3\\sigma ,\\mu +3\\sigma ]之外的概率为0.003,故X~B(16,0.003).因此P(X\\geq 1)=1-P(X=0)=1-0.997^{16}\\approx 0.047,E(X)=16\\times 0.003=0.048.$\n\n'] ['$0.047,0.048$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam Numerical 1e-3 Open-ended Probability and Statistics Math Chinese +1235 "$已知平行四边形ABCD中,\overrightarrow{EC}=2\overrightarrow{DE},\overrightarrow{FC}=2\overrightarrow{BF},\overrightarrow{FG}=2\overrightarrow{GE}.$ +$用\overrightarrow{AB},\overrightarrow{AD}表示\overrightarrow{AG};$" ['$连接AE,AF,易得\\overrightarrow{AE}=\\overrightarrow{AD}+\\frac{1}{3}\\overrightarrow{AB},\\overrightarrow{AF}=\\frac{1}{3}\\overrightarrow{AD}+\\overrightarrow{AB},又\\overrightarrow{FG}=2\\overrightarrow{GE},所以\\overrightarrow{AG}-\\overrightarrow{AF}=2(\\overrightarrow{AE}-\\overrightarrow{AG}),所以\\overrightarrow{AG}=\\frac{2}{3}\\overrightarrow{AE}+\\frac{1}{3}\\overrightarrow{AF}=\\frac{5}{9}\\overrightarrow{AB}+\\frac{7}{9}\\overrightarrow{AD}.$'] ['$\\overrightarrow{AG}=\\frac{5}{9}\\overrightarrow{AB}+\\frac{7}{9}\\overrightarrow{AD}$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Expression Open-ended Plane Geometry Math Chinese +1236 "$已知圆C:x^{2}-(1+a)x+y^{2}-ay+a=0.$ +$若圆C与y轴相切,求圆C的方程;$" ['$由\\left\\{\\begin{matrix}x=0,\\\\ x^2-(1+a)x+y^2-ay+a=0\\end{matrix}\\right.得y^{2}-ay+a=0,\\because 圆C与y轴相切,\\therefore \\Delta =a^{2}-4a=0,解得a=0或a=4,\\therefore 所求圆C的方程为x^{2}+y^{2}-x=0或x^{2}+y^{2}-5x-4y+4=0.$'] ['$x^{2}+y^{2}-x=0, x^{2}+y^{2}-5x-4y+4=0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Equation Open-ended Plane Geometry Math Chinese +1237 "$已知抛物线C:y^{2}=2px(p>0)的焦点为F,点M(2,m)为其上一点,且MF=4.$ +$求p与m的值;$" ['$抛物线C:y^{2}=2px(p>0)的焦点为F\\left(\\frac{p}{2},0\\right),准线方程为x=-\\frac{p}{2},由抛物线的定义知,点M(2,m)与点F之间的距离等于点M到准线的距离,所以MF=2+\\frac{p}{2}=4,所以p=4,故抛物线C的方程为y^{2}=8x.因为点M(2,m)在抛物线C上,所以m^{2}=16,所以m=\\pm 4.$'] ['$p=4$,$m=4,-4$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam True Numerical Open-ended Plane Geometry Math Chinese +1238 "$已知椭圆C:\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b>0)的左、右焦点分别为F_{1},F_{2},上顶点为A,O为坐标原点,且F_{1}F_{2}=2,\angle AF_{1}F_{2}=60^\circ .$ +$求C的方程;$" ['$设F_{1}(-c,0),F_{2}(c,0),其中a^{2}=b^{2}+c^{2}.由题意知c=OF_{1}=1,因为\\angle AF_{1}F_{2}=60^\\circ ,所以a=AF_{1}=\\frac{OF_1}{\\\\\\cos 60 ^{\\circ} }=2,(2分)所以b^{2}=a^{2}-c^{2}=3,所以C的方程为\\frac{x^2}{4}+\\frac{y^2}{3}=1.(3分)$'] ['$\\frac{x^2}{4}+\\frac{y^2}{3}=1$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Plane Geometry Math Chinese +1239 "$已知圆C的方程为x^{2}+(y+1)^{2}=r^{2}(r>0).$ +$过点M\left(\frac{1}{2},-\frac{5}{2}\right)的直线l交圆C于A,B两点,若r=1,|AB|=\sqrt{3},求直线l的方程;$" ['$当r=1时,圆C的方程为x^{2}+(y+1)^{2}=1.当直线l的斜率不存在时,直线l的方程为x=\\frac{1}{2},此时圆心(0,-1)到直线l的距离d=\\frac{1}{2},所以|AB|=2\\sqrt{r^2-d^2}=2\\sqrt{1-\\frac{1}{4}}=\\sqrt{3},显然成立;当直线l的斜率存在时,设其方程为y=k\\left(x-\\frac{1}{2}\\right)-\\frac{5}{2},即2kx-2y-k-5=0,因为|AB|=\\sqrt{3},而|AB|=2\\sqrt{r^2-d^2}=2\\sqrt{1-d^2},所以d^{2}=\\frac{1}{4},而d=\\frac{|2-k-5|}{\\sqrt{(2k)^2+(-2)^2}}=\\frac{|k+3|}{\\sqrt{(2k)^2+(-2)^2}},所以\\left[\\frac{|k+3|}{\\sqrt{(2k)^2+(-2)^2}}\\right]^2=\\frac{1}{4},整理可得3k+4=0,解得k=-\\frac{4}{3},所以直线l的方程为8x+6y+11=0.综上所述,直线l的方程为x=\\frac{1}{2}或8x+6y+11=0.$'] ['$8x+6y+11=0$'] [] Text-only Chinese College Entrance Exam False Equation Open-ended Plane Geometry Math Chinese