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{
  "@context": {
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    "@vocab": "https://schema.org/",
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  "@type": "sc:Dataset",
  "name": "apple-pi",
  "description": "Apple-Pi is an evaluation subset of a larger physics benchmark for evaluating physics reasoning in image and video generation models. Each case provides a video clip (or rendered frames) with ground-truth annotations of physical parameters, instance segmentation, and per-frame velocity. Released for double-blind submission.",
  "conformsTo": "http://mlcommons.org/croissant/1.1",
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  "version": "1.0.0",
  "datePublished": "2026-05-06",
  "citeAs": "@misc{anonymous2026applepi, title={Apple-Pi: Physics Infographics Benchmark}, author={Anonymous}, year={2026}}",
  "creator": {
    "@type": "Organization",
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  },
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    "physics reasoning",
    "video generation",
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  "rai:dataLimitations": "This subset is intended for evaluation only, not training. Synthetic cases are generated with NVIDIA Isaac Sim (rigid-body dynamics) and do not capture deformation or fluid dynamics. Realworld cases are short controlled clips with limited environmental diversity. Not recommended for safety-critical or clinical applications.",
  "rai:dataBiases": "Task distribution is weighted toward common phenomena (projectile, freefall) and may under-represent rarer tasks (composition, multi-body collision). Synthetic cases use a fixed object/material library; realworld cases are recorded under controlled lighting. No demographic bias because no humans are present.",
  "rai:personalSensitiveInformation": "None. Synthetic cases contain no people; realworld videos do not show identifiable individuals.",
  "rai:dataUseCases": "Evaluating physics reasoning in image- and video-generation models across perception, comprehension, and generation tracks. Validated for zero-shot benchmark evaluation. Not validated for training, clinical decision-making, or robotic control.",
  "rai:dataSocialImpact": "Positive: provides a controlled benchmark to measure physics understanding gaps in current generation models. Risk: scores may be over-interpreted as general physics reasoning ability. Mitigation: released under CC BY-SA 4.0 with explicit research-evaluation framing; contains no humans or sensitive content.",
  "rai:hasSyntheticData": true,
  "prov:wasDerivedFrom": [
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      "@type": "prov:Entity",
      "prov:label": "Original recordings (no upstream source dataset)",
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    }
  ],
  "prov:wasGeneratedBy": [
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      "prov:label": "Synthetic data generation",
      "sc:description": "Simulation cases generated with NVIDIA Isaac Sim (rigid-body 3D physics simulator built on PhysX). For each scene we specified physical parameters (gravity, materials, initial velocities, friction, restitution), ran deterministic simulation, and rendered video frames at 24 fps along with per-frame instance segmentation, depth, mask, velocity, and density buffers. Ground-truth labels are computed directly from physics-engine state.",
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      "sc:description": "Synthetic cases: annotations are 100% programmatic (computed directly from Isaac Sim physics state). Realworld cases: physical parameters were human-labeled; segmentation masks and per-frame velocity references were computed via standard tracking pipelines and reviewed by annotators. Formula choices and correct-answer keys for the comprehension track were authored by domain experts.",
      "prov:atTime": "2025/2026",
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