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substitutions or did he leave that up to the illegal camp management? AIn every respect Dr. Hoven was given great confidence by the illegal camp management and vice versa and, in general, paid very little attention to what the illegal camp management did. QYou, witness, are referring to the illegal camp management now,... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,475,000 | 2,475,500 |
certainty that a group of 80 Dutch prisoners was given injections that were perfectly harmless in another block of the camp. These men had no work to do, were given double rations and the only regulation they had to submit to was that their temperature was taken three times a day. These injections were entirely harmles... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,475,450 | 2,475,950 |
well. QWho prevented these further transports? AThe illegal camp management in collaboration with Dr. Hoven, because the second transport that was set up was declared by Dr. Hoven to be in no condition to move and was thus recalled. QCan you give the Tribunal information regarding further measures that Dr. Hoven took i... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,475,900 | 2,476,400 |
Bernburg. Now, what do you have to say about that? A.I can only say that there were very frequent examinations on all the Jewish prisoners because the Jewish prisoners received only half the rations that we received. For this reason Berlin, or perhaps the camp commander, was particularly interested to know just what th... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,476,350 | 2,476,850 |
and the prisoners were very bitter toward these traitors. Consequently, they had to disappear from among the living. Q.Tell the Tribunal what the illegal camp management's tasks and activities were? A.The illegal camp management was an institution set up by the prisoners themselves for their own protection. In the cour... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,476,800 | 2,477,300 |
returned to this Tribunal when his testimony is finished. JUDGE TOMS:Thank you very much. THE PRESIDENT:The Tribunal will now be in recess for a few minutes. THE MARSHAL:The Tribunal is again in session. THE PRESIDENT:Just a moment. The Secretary General will note for the record the absence from the Tribunal of defenda... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,477,250 | 2,477,750 |
immediately reported to their own men. I would like to add that the seat of the illegal camp administration always was in the sick-bay as long as I knew Buchenwald. Dr. Hoven was perfectly well informed about what was going on inside the camp and without reserve approved of the measures adopted by the detainees. I can ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,477,700 | 2,478,200 |
thus I could really see everyone who had any business in operating theater 2. During the night no one could enter the operating theater from the back since I had orders to lock the back door of the operating theater every night after the end of treatments and to hand the key to the chief nurse. Q.Could it have happened... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,478,150 | 2,478,650 |
had to sign a certificate that he could not enter Room No. 11; how can you explain that if according to your statement he was there as early as 1941 and Room No. 11 had become a recreational room for nurses? A.The way I can explain it is that in 1942 and 1943 it was strictly prohibited that this department where T.B.C.... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,478,600 | 2,479,100 |
Did the defendant. Dr. Hoven, kill prisoners who were unable to live any longer ? A.- No. Q.- Did the defendant. Dr. Hoven, kill prisoners who reported to him for treatment ? A.- No, I have never seen Dr. Hoven send a prisoner away who went to him for treatment or blame him or hit him as so many other damp doctors did.... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,479,050 | 2,479,550 |
capos would have immediately taken my life for it. QWhat can you say about the extent of the entire goings on in the sick bay? Was it, pretty big? AThe sick bay at Buchenwald was actually very large, indeed. There was a large barracks for internal diseases, two barracks for surgeons' patients, and then across the park ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,479,500 | 2,480,000 |
deck chairs during their stay. During my prison term I got to know three camp doctors and I never saw any other doctor doing anything like that. Apart from that I would like to add that all prisoners in the camp liked Dr. Hoven very much and that every prisoner who had any troubles, be that he be sentenced to flogging ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,479,950 | 2,480,450 |
camp Kommandant went through, Dr. Hoven always described these patients as being non-Jewish. I am firmly convinced that many a Jew that was doctored there is still alive today but otherwise that he would probably have died in 1942. QWill you please describe to the Tribunal Dr. Hoven's attitude toward you when you were ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,480,400 | 2,480,900 |
stayed in bed for about three or four days, and after that I got up, and Dr. Hoven gave me instructions to report to the food store of the SS, which was under the care of Hauptscharfuehrer Barsch, and Dr. Hoven wrote down for me that Hauptscharfuchrer Barsch should give me very large quantities of rations, and this spe... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,480,850 | 2,481,350 |
general reputation of Dr. Hoven in the camp? A let me say that contrary to other camp doctors, most prisoners took an interest in the personality of Dr. Hoven, because I believe among all members of the SS there wasn't a man about whom any good rumors circulated in the camp. It became known, for instance, that in one b... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,481,300 | 2,481,800 |
the old established political prisoners who collaborated with Dr. Hoven, because it is a fact that we obtained medical supplies, bandages and additional food from the Chief of the Hygiene Food Department at Berlin, Liehterfeldei. Apart from that it was possible during Hoven's period that he added two large huts to the ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,481,750 | 2,482,250 |
to you before once today that an outsider would have found it quite impossible to have gained insight into the prison hospital or the Sick Bay and the actual camp had been two separate camps at all times. Furthermore I am firmly convinced that if I hadn't been working in the Sick Bay myself and were told today that Dr.... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,482,200 | 2,482,700 |
connection. I think I have mentioned the name once before today. Cohn was a German, a political Jew, and with his comrades and all the prisoners in the camp he had an excellent reputation. One day this man was supposed to leave the camp of Buchenwald on a transport. The illegal camp administrator immediately contacted ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,482,650 | 2,483,150 |
Court Room and that I must think carefully about every word I am saying. I want to tell you that this man Brandt had four operations on his behind since all flesh had been beaten off his hones. Dr. Hoven kept this man perhaps 8 or 9 months in the Sick Bay and I assure you he was excellently fed first of all for pity th... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,483,100 | 2,483,600 |
because they had sexual intercourse with German girls ? A.- The situation of those Polish prisoners in the camp was rather bad. Most of them, after they were in Buchenwald for two or three weeks, were called to the political department by either LeClair or Serno and hanged. After the illegal camp administration and Dr.... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,483,550 | 2,484,050 |
showed up and stopped these people from carrying out further search, telling them that they made a nuisance of themselves. I think many a beating was saved in that way and many of our good comrades escaped the crematorium that way. Q.- Was it generally known in the camp that the defendant Dr. Hoven collaborated with th... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,484,000 | 2,484,500 |
in extreme misery ; fortunately, however, without ever gibing their comrades away. So I think it would have been quite useless if Dr. Hoven had been arrested officially in order to get from him the names of the illegal camp administration because I don't believe Dr. Hoven would have become that weak. Q.- Will you pleas... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,484,450 | 2,484,950 |
Your Honors, the defendant Rudolf Brandt has resumed his place in the courtroom. THE PRESIDENT:The Secretary General will note for the record that Rudolf Brandt has resumed his place in the dock. Do any of the defense counsel have any questions of this witness? DR. STEINBAUER:Steinbauer for defendant Beiglboeck. BY DR.... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,484,900 | 2,485,400 |
all members of the camp no matter what their nationality was. Q.Witness, because you just mentioned Buchenwald, were there gypsies in that camp? A.Quite a few, indeed. Q.What colors did the gypsies carry? A.You refer to what triangle they wore? Q.Yes. A.They wore the black one designating them as asocial. Q.I must tell... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,485,350 | 2,485,850 |
Dachau for the Luftwaffe, then I think there were experiments in making sea-water potable and experiments of that sort, however, I am not exactly informed on this. Q.That is not important, but can you tell me perhaps were these people forced to participate in these experiments or was there an opportunity for them to ap... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,485,800 | 2,486,300 |
so far as I recall, he was a man with no conscience and a criminal, that is really the only description that one can find for that man. Q.When did you first enter Block 46? A.Approximately three or four days after the first experimental series was begun. Q.How often did you frequent Block 46? A.You mean the entire peri... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,486,250 | 2,486,750 |
transcript to the witness so he may see what Fritz Kirchheimer actually did say. I know that Kirchheimer stated he never saw Dr. Hoven giving an injection. MR. HARDY:Pardon me, Your Honor, I did not say injection. I said experimented on. Fritz Kirchheimer testified here that Dr. Hoven tied the cage of lice on inmates l... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,486,700 | 2,487,200 |
where it came from ? A.- So far as I know, from Cracow. Q.- How did you happen to know that it arrived from Cracow ? A.- There was general talk about it in that camp and it was said that the Wehrmacht officer who brought the second shipment of lice had come from Cracow from the Wehrmacht Institute there. Q.- Did you se... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,487,150 | 2,487,650 |
a list. I can't say such and such or such and such a prisoner was a member. I can only tell you who my superior was, who gave me my instructions, and to whom I reported. It was absolutely necessary to build the illegal organization according to this pattern because if a member of the organization was tortured by the SS... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,487,600 | 2,488,100 |
in fact, used and that Dr. Hoven, knowing that the lice was being used, attempted to interrupt the experiments by calling the SS officer from Berlin by telephone and telling him that it would not be possible for him to return to Weimar later in the evening and that the only transportation available was a truck that was... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,488,050 | 2,488,550 |
using in his experiments without the permission of Dr. Ding. A.No, it was quite the contrary, but Dr. Hoven was the man in the camp who stood on the best terms with the prisoners and who would normally take charge of such a matter as this. I don't think Ding would have done anything in this case. Q.Ding didn't have any... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,488,500 | 2,489,000 |
stop the experiments and not do anything on them while Dr. Ding was away? In other words, if a person had typhus for experimental purposes, and they were to give him a vaccine or inoculate him later in the course of the experimental series and Dr. Ding left Buchenwald, Dr. Hoven became the deputy in name only and did'n... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,488,950 | 2,489,450 |
that be, ten, twenty, two hundred or five hundred? A.Mr. Prosecutor, I should like to say that I cannot freely judge in this matter because I have read a great deal about Buchenwald since my release and have read a let of statistics and on the basis of what I have read I could say that the number was about two percent.... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,489,400 | 2,489,900 |
based your testimony on that. How many prisoners were there in 1941, still 5000, or was that reduced because there had been so many deaths each month? Were there 3800 or how many ordinary prisoners? A.New arrivals of Germans took place all the time because the campaign against Russia started. All politically unreliable... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,489,850 | 2,490,350 |
see these death reports? A.Yes, they were always requested from Berlin concerning the number of inmates in the camp, and how many sick, how many capable of working, how many sent to other camps by transport, and how many dead. Q.And you saw them? A.I saw them often. Q.Well, how many deaths did they allege a month, in r... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,490,300 | 2,490,800 |
A.Yes. I can give you a very large number of cases when these people were handed over to the penal company and their fate was then definitely worse than those of Hoven killings, because the people were thrown out of a second story window of the block so that their skulls were crushed and trodden on with feet until fina... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,490,750 | 2,491,250 |
Gust, Schobert and others in order to have them close their eyes to prisoners on some other occa sion. Apart from that, everything in the camp of Buchenwald was "corrupt", every human being wanting to live in the camp and wanting to live better than thousands of others had to be corrupt. Of course, not corrupt to the e... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,491,200 | 2,491,700 |
days if they would turn over their valuables like rings, fountain pens, silk underwear, gold teeth to this inmate , Motz. Then Motz, in turn, delivered the valuables to Hoven. Then if somebody didn't have valuables to offer, then they would be admitted to the hospital and done away with by injections. Now, I want to kn... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,491,650 | 2,492,150 |
promoted to SS*Hauptsturmfuehrer and became camp physician. With that began his actual career. He had many irons in the fire. One of his sources of supplies was a prisoner named Motz. He had room service to do in the penal company and it was up to him to produce the sick and weak prisoners from the penal company called... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,492,100 | 2,492,600 |
the hospital barracks? A.- He had to whether he wanted to or not, because Dr. Hoven certainly wasn't a good surgeon. Q.- Was Dr. Hoven studying under Dr. Horn? A.- Well, I always felt as if Horn was the man who was having to teach Hoven even the smallest type of operation. Q.- I see. Did you know Piek? A.- Do you mean ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,492,550 | 2,493,050 |
He went over there about every other day? AEvery second day. Q Did Dr. Hoven nave about 500 suits and 300 pairs of shoes he went there every other day for over two years? A Yes, that would be so, if Dr. Hoven hadn't been passing on these other things to other people, for instance Gust, Schobert and Biester, they all wa... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,493,000 | 2,493,500 |
under his direction, is that right? DR. GAWLIK:Mr. President I wish to object to the submission of this affidavit. The affidavit hasn't yet been admitted in evidence. It is an affidavit that has not yet been admitted. Its admission has been retarded until defendant Hoven is put on the stand. MR. HARDY:I was not aware o... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,493,450 | 2,493,950 |
examining on it. No interpreter was present at that time. That was the cause of the objection and the Tribunal decided that admission would be put back until after the examination of Dr. Hoven. For that reason, I will object to today's use of the document. MR. HARDY:I proceed to another question or two, Your Honor, whi... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,493,900 | 2,494,400 |
arrested. Q.Well, what was the reason why the Hauptscharfuehrer was connected with the arrest of Hoven? A.Well, the Hauptscharfuehrer Kuehler was imprisoned by the commandant's office at the time. MR. HARDY:Your Honor, this affidavit of Hoven has been admitted into evidence as Prosecution Exhibit No.281. THE PRESIDENT:... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,494,350 | 2,494,850 |
case. Are there any other questions you can propound to the witness without using the affidavit now? MR. HARDY:After looking it over, Your Honor, I can propound the same questions without using the affidavit. BY MR. HARDY: Q.Was Dr. Hoven assisted by inmates when he performed these killings in the hospital barracks of ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,494,800 | 2,495,300 |
worked in the sick bay knew that. Q.I have no further questions, your Honor. THE PRESIDENT:Counsel, how much time will your re-examination of this witness consume? DR. GAWLIK:I just hoard that my colleague, Dr. Nelte, has a few questions and I would say about fifteen to twenty minutes for myself. THE PRESIDENT:I would ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,495,250 | 2,495,750 |
merely like to draw the attention of this Tribunal to Dr. Hoven's affidavit, Document Ha-13, Exhibit 9 which states "the consignment of lice which are mentioned in Ding's Diary and in the testimony of Kogon and Kirchheimer came from Dr. Haas from Lemberg. The reason why I know this to be accurate is, that I told Dr. Ha... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,495,700 | 2,496,200 |
as much interest in the typhus experiments as was necessary for him to give instructions. Q.Is it true that you met the nurses working in 46 repeatedly? A.Yes. Q.And did you also talk about during such meetings that King's experiments were carried out by the Kapo Dietzsch? A.But, of course -- we, the prisoners, interes... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,496,150 | 2,496,650 |
exhibit which would be admitted in evidence or if the witness has his own recollection, he can testify from his own knowledge as he pleases. He could also be asked whether or not he agrees with the statement in the document. DR. GAWLIK:I now propose to read this figure and then ask the witness whether the figures are c... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,496,600 | 2,497,100 |
was under the secret state police? A.Yes. Q.You were speaking about gypsies yesterday and the grouping of gypsies. Do you have anything to add to that part of your testimony? A.I can merely say that initially all gypsies were arrested for racial reasons. Later on this was changed. Some of the Gypsies who were not decla... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,497,050 | 2,497,550 |
Buchenwald concentration camp? A.- I must say that I had a large number of advantages through Hoven but there was never a relationship which you could call friendship between Hoven and myself. I have never talked with Hoven off duty. Q.- Did you wear a violet triangle? A.- No. Q.- Witness, when you were testifying here... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,497,500 | 2,498,000 |
good picture I should like to remind you of an air railway, when I speak of my representation as an air railway, as a new rope, and that is represented by the defendant on the witness stand and the few documents, and on the contrary if that rope were to break than I have the safety rope. The scientific pillar, namely, ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,497,950 | 2,498,450 |
the head of that clinic, in other words, about two years, and then Chwostek was pensioned off and his clinic was dissolved, and I went to the first medical clinic, the chief of which became at that time Professor Eppinger. Q.- Eppinger, he has been mentioned here quite often - who was Eppinger? A.- It is difficult to s... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,498,400 | 2,498,900 |
1940 I was given the title of chief medical officer. I remained with him until the end of the War at which time I was released. I had been called up to the Army since 1941 and remained there on the strength of the clinic only nominally. Q.When were you habilitated? A.My habilitation occurred in 1939 and in the beginnin... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,498,850 | 2,499,350 |
manner, his diligence, his gr eat skill and, last but not least, his humane behavior towards the patients entrusted to his care, have always brought him the fullest recognition from his superiors." I also submit to the Tribunal Exhibit Beigleboeck No. 2. It is a certificate from the First Medical Clinic of the Universi... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,499,300 | 2,499,800 |
be submitted as such. MR. HARDY:It is not properly certified. The certificate put on by Dr. Steinbauer was put on after the date of the signature. DR. STEINBAUER:The Prosecution hasn't understood what I said. I received this letter of Mrs. Brever and since she gave it to me personally I certified its authenticity but i... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,499,750 | 2,500,250 |
MR. HARDY:The document has no jurat. THE PRESIDENT:The Tribunal will admit the document provisionally subject to the correct certificate being added later. DR. STEINBAUER:I don't even want to read the whole document, only the first paragraph: "I made the personal acquaintance of Univ. Prof. Dr. Wilhelm Beiglboeck of Vi... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,500,200 | 2,500,700 |
has described here a younger colleague of mine was preferred. QSo you didn't participate in any meeting, particularly none of the meeting mentioned here in this trial, is that right? AYou mean the meetings, the congress of the assisting consultants? QYes. AYou are right. I didn't participate in any one of these meeting... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,500,650 | 2,501,150 |
department in the Tarvisio hospital had just begun, I asked my chief physician to telephone to Berlin and if possible get permission for me to stay in the hospital in Tarvisio. Dr. Yaeger, my chief physician, then called Berlin. He was informed that I was not being transferred for the reasons I had thought but that I w... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,501,100 | 2,501,600 |
after the beginning of the Anglo-American invasion. Be pointed out this fact to me specifically and mentioned also the Fuehrer order about which I had heard already, that very strict measures were to be applied in judging who was to stay in hospitals. For instance, we had to release from the hospital persons sick with ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,501,550 | 2,502,050 |
had already been nominated to Himmler as the person who would conduct the experiments. Consequently, it would be impossible for me now to withdraw. I then asked him whether I was to understand this as a strict military order and he answered "yes." Now, in the year 1947 it is perhaps not quite so easy to understand that... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,502,000 | 2,502,500 |
opportunity of attending to a part of the report of Dr. Beiglboeck on his work at Dachau submitted to Prof. Dr. Eppinger. On the occasion of this conversation. Professor Dr. Beiglboeck generally condemned the principle of the performance of scientific experiments in concentration camps most strongly and at the same tim... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,502,450 | 2,502,950 |
preparation was apparently going to run into insurmountable difficulties, Therefore, if we didn't succeed in introducing this preparation, we had to know what sort of advice we would give a person who found himself in a state of sea emergency and under these circumstances I considered it my duty to work on these experi... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,502,900 | 2,503,400 |
good or bad and whether it is good or bad to add some dextrose preparation to it, then this problem had to be solved on the basis of human experiments. There was no other way to decide it. Q.I read through the indictment yesterday and the question occurred to me, couldn't you have contented yourself with animal experim... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,503,350 | 2,503,850 |
that Dr. Schaefer had done all the preliminary work on this subject but I could also see that Dr. Schaefer, that the knowledge that he had derived from his experiments were not relevant in any way for human beings because, for instance, Schaefer discovered that rabbits fed with barley oats can live for an enormously lo... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,503,800 | 2,504,300 |
become the bone of contention. To be sure, as I have already indicated, that was not the only problem that had to be solved. Becker-Freyseng told me that Dr. Sirany in Vienna had experimented on soldiers, but in these experiments he left it to the discretion of the experimental subjects to decide how much sea water the... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,504,250 | 2,504,750 |
can be no discussion about that whatsoever. The only thing that could be discussed now was that if the Schaefer method was not introduced the question remained open, as the Berka preparation was not in a position to give at least slight advantages. And now the tragedy of which I spoke previously comes to light, because... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,504,700 | 2,505,200 |
for a clinician and not for a chemist. And if Sirany had not made this mistake in conducting his experiments then also the clinician would not have fallen victim to this error, but then that Eppinger was not entirely wrong was proved in my experiments, namely that the addition of vitamins does actually slightly increas... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,505,150 | 2,505,650 |
passed through the body, but I was speaking to deaf oars. Berka was particularly obsessed with his idea, and I believe I can express tho suspicion that even today he still considers his method better than Schaefer's. My effort to persuade him to withdraw his method from competition, so to speak, was unfortunately in va... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,505,600 | 2,506,100 |
you start on them immediately or did you have to wait a while? A.I could not begin immediately but I stayed, I think for three weeks, in Berlin. A.Now, what did you do in those three weeks, take walks? A.I used this time to concern myself with the questions that w aid come up in judging such experiments. I did this by ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,506,050 | 2,506,550 |
British, came to my knowledge also in the course of this war studied the introduction of sea water into the body through the rectum; taking their cure from an old rumor that applying the sea water in this way the body would absorb only the water, but not the salt. Later I read to my reassurance in English publications ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,506,500 | 2,507,000 |
to read anything from this document but I shall refer to it later. I should like to deal with another question. In this study it is very clearly expressed that up to the year 1944 in medical literature nothing was systematically known about the results, the reaction of sea water. Q.Since you mentioned this, I should li... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,506,950 | 2,507,450 |
that time against the concentration camp was based upon a feeling of some sort which was caused primarily by the fact that it was known to me from the Austrian press before the Anschluss that strict rules and regulations apparently did not exist for that institution. In the Austrian newspapers at that time I could freq... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,507,400 | 2,507,900 |
knew of experiments with Beri-beri and Pellagra; and I knew from dealing with liver Pathology, liver research, that in the year 1936, eleven criminals who had been sentenced to death were used fur experiments in order to test the reaction of a Liver poison. In Vienna we were also somewhat opposed to experiments with pr... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,507,850 | 2,508,350 |
had accompanied that transport. asked him again if these people volunteered, he confirmed that again to me. He also stated that certain advantages had bean promised them, and when this Sturmbannfuehrer left I asked my experimental subjects whether it was true that they had volunteered, and they affirmed that. At that t... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,508,300 | 2,508,800 |
experiments. I made these inquiries in Dachau on my own because it seemed to me to be a matter of course and for reasons which are to be understood on the basis of the explanations I have given just before. Q.Did you have influence at all in the selection of the place where the experiments were to take place? A.No, in ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,508,750 | 2,509,250 |
nothing to do with the carrying out of the experiments and the fact that my own interests were in that direction, and the assignment made it much easier for me that I had to worry about nothing else than my experimental place. I, therefore, do not feel that I am responsible either for the selection of the place where t... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,509,200 | 2,509,700 |
have been in the concentration camps, and therefore would have the insignia of those persecuted for reasons of their race, but not of those who are persecuted because they were considered asocial. I will repeat that later. I just want to submit it to the Court now to support what I have said. THE PRESIDENT:Would counse... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,509,650 | 2,510,150 |
SEBRING:Under your view of the matter, is it your view that simply one isolated act of criminality might tend to bring a man into the category of asocial or do you understand by that classification that type of individual or class of individuals who constantly and persistently are guilty of anti-social conduct? DR. STE... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,510,100 | 2,510,600 |
and which I have to return, I have brought hero. The copy is certified by me and is on accurate copy of the original of this document. I should like to point out that I have copied page 5 which indicates where the Gypsies come from, secondly, their asocial activities, which have been termed the "Plague of the Gypsies" ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,510,550 | 2,511,050 |
house, lives well and is still asocial. THE PRESIDENT:Counsel nay proceed. BY DR. STEINBAUER: Q.Witness, I should like to ask you what you as a physician, mean by or would understand by the term "asocial"? A.As far as I have noticed as a layman in legal matters, there is no absolute legal definition for the term of an ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,511,000 | 2,511,500 |
family are habitual thieves. A third category again may be vagrants. The fourth type may be real criminals all the way to the habitual criminal. Among the female members of these families prostitution is extremely widespread. All that apparently comes from some psychological aberration which seems to be the clue to the... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,511,450 | 2,511,950 |
but who received the same solid food as the other groups, and, in regard to this group which was originally supposed to get ordinary drinking water, they later received the Schaefer water in order by that means to assure oneself once again that even in the practical use of this water no changes of any kind became appar... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,511,900 | 2,512,400 |
same as those existing in sea distress, but only in respect to the amount of water and food; on the other hand, everything else that is at a disadvantage during sea distress, that is the influence of the climate, cold, heat, changes in the weather, etc., the wind which lets the salt of sea water, affect the person by f... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,512,350 | 2,512,850 |
1 carry out experiments which would mean damage to the health or would endanger the lift of a subject; that I would refuse to do something like that. And, BeckerFreyseng replied immediately that that was also in accordance with his views, and, that, of course, death should have to be avoided in any case, and that the l... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,512,800 | 2,513,300 |
body. And, this group of experiments was supposed to be carried out for 12 consecutive days if the obvious conclusions resulted, i.e. that the preparation proved to be harmless. On the occasion the metabolism of those suffering from thirst and those who drank sea water was to be studied for one might obtain clues wheth... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,513,250 | 2,513,750 |
is a difference in principle. Q.Witness, who had to decide when the experiments were to be interrupted? A.This decision was of course up to my medical expert judgment and I can assure you here that I discontinued the experiments in such a way that the critical limit was not exceeded in any experiment. As far as the sub... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,513,700 | 2,514,200 |
Q.How did the experiments begin after the experimental subjects had arrived? A.When the experimental subjects had been handed over to me, first I explained to them very extensively what was at stake in these experiments and what they were about. For me that was natural from the medical point of view. Never in my life d... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,514,150 | 2,514,650 |
to see to it that the promised advantages wore given to them. I then asked them whether they would agree to submit to the experiments under those conditions and they said yes, they would. Q.You mentioned before that before the beginning of the experiment you carried out an experiment on yourself; would you please descr... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,514,600 | 2,515,100 |
from Munich without any complaints. Q.Witness, after the experiment you carried out on yourself, later on did you occasionally also still drink seawater? A.Well, not only I myself but also the medical students, the Frenchmen, for instance; and also my assistants occasionally tasted some of the Berka water and, as a rul... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,515,050 | 2,515,550 |
brother -- I know that he did not die, hut kept on living, and , as I said, often visited his brother. Nor did I transfer anyone later on because I might have considered it necessary due to my experiments to camouflage the dying of the experimental subjects. Besides, I would not have dared to compete with the physician... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,515,500 | 2,516,000 |
been assigned a smaller room in Dr. Bloedner's station, of whom there is mention in Exhibit 137, the letter by Dr. Sievers. I refused to take that room because it was too small for the lodging of all the experimental persons, and then I was assigned this larger ward in the prison hospital, and I thought that was part o... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,515,950 | 2,516,450 |
with the barrack in which there was the experimental room. I have made a sketch from which the situation can be seen and this sketch is in my document book No. 2, document No. 31. DR. STEINBAUER:Mr. President, in that connection I submit document No. 31 from document book No. 1, an affidavit of Walter Massion of 24 Mar... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,516,400 | 2,516,900 |
certified before the close of the case. DR. STEINBAUER:We shall ask Dr. Servatius. I did not speak to the witness myself because the trip was too inconvenient but Dr. Servatius spoke to Massion and submitted it to him. I shall ask Dr. Servatius for a certification and shall hand it in afterward, also a certification of... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,516,850 | 2,517,350 |
would like to submit THE PRESIDENT:Just a moment, counsel. MR. HARDY: May I inquire again if this document - does this purport to be a list of the food permitted to Beiglboeck for use at Dachau? DR. STEINBAUER: Yes, this document has to be regarded in connection with the next one which I want to submit, from which it c... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,517,300 | 2,517,800 |
pertains to the same subject, one is the Examination of the food at the Vienna Branch of the Technical College Biochemistry Institute of the Technical Department. I don't see the connection between the two documents. DR. STEINBAUER: It is very easy to clarify this. The second document only pertains to the delivery and ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,517,750 | 2,518,250 |
has several previous convictions but I do not know any details about this so far. It is correct; that he was in Dachau as Kapo. He became very disliked by a number of political prisoners." I also wrote to the government of the province of Carinthia about details and I received the answer: "I could not find out any more... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,518,200 | 2,518,700 |
know, the only physician who was working there was the chief physician of the hospital who, however, I believe concerned himself mainly with the administration. The care of the prisoners was exclusively in the hands of the prison doctors. Some of them whom I met had an excellent medical education. Q.After the conclusio... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,518,650 | 2,519,150 |
gradually they were considering to give her liquid artificially. The fact that the human body can live without water for a relatively short period is connected with the fact that even when it is a condition of thirst it has to eliminate water constantly. Even if this elimination is limited to the smallest amounts possi... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,519,100 | 2,519,600 |
who discovered this therapy. In this diet they receive only dry solid food, and the liquid is reduced to a very small amount. This diet was carried out formerly to a very heroic extent, and in the older literature there are reports in which 10 to 15 per cent of the body liquid was given up by patients. QAre there possi... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 2,519,550 | 2,520,050 |
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